备战2025年高考二轮复习英语完形填空练4　说明文和议论文（Word版附解析）

这是一份备战2025年高考二轮复习英语完形填空练4　说明文和议论文（Word版附解析），共10页。试卷主要包含了5 hurs等内容，欢迎下载使用。

主题:电动汽车加油中心的新构想 词数:230
难度:★★★☆☆
Jeffrey Lee,a Mizzu architectural studies graduate wh frmed Level Studi in 2021,just gave the changing infrastructure prject an injectin f new energy.With Level Studi 1 Christpher Taurm and Lexi White,Lee put frward the electric vehicle(EV) charging statin cncept,Electric Oasis which wn the 2023 Frge Prize. 2 steel as the primary building material,the design reimagines existing gas statins as charging 3 fr electric vehicles.
With the 4 frm gas-pwered vehicles—the gal is t have EVs 5 at least 50% f new car sales by 2030—cnventinal gas statins culd be put 6 .But half f gas statins are n petrleum-plluted land that requires strict 7 .The studi’s design features “tree-like” steel canpies(顶篷) that 8 int their fundatin an innvative system that remves ethanl(乙醇) pllutin.
The cncept als addresses the 9 EV charging prcess.Filling a tank f gas usually takes arund 2 t 5 minutes,while the time required fr an EV t reach a 10 charge can take up t 4.5 hurs.“Our slutin was t create mre spaces,t 11 the gas statin int smething that’s mre f a destinatin,” Lee says.In their design it’s nt 12 a charging statin.“What des the cmmunity need? Can these spaces als 13 them?” “The design is flexible,s it can be 14 t different sites.”
Fr nw,the team is pursuing leads and is 15 t partnering with interested cmpanies r develpment teams t put their Electric Oasis design int practice.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一名密苏里大学建筑学专业毕业生将现有加油站重新构想与气动汽车的充电中心的创新想法。
B.c-funders
C.friends D.physicians
答案 B
解析 根据文章第一句可判断出Level Studi是一个建筑学专业毕业生创建的工作室,再结合上下文语境可推出,此处是说,与Level Studi的联合创始人Christpher Taurm和Lexi White一起,Lee提出了电动汽车(EV)充电站概念Electric Oasis,赢得了2023年的Frge奖。
B.Undertaking
C.InstructingD.Deciding
答案 A
解析 此处是说,该设计采用钢铁为主要建筑材料。emply运用,使用;undertake承担,从事;instruct指示,命令;decide 决定。
B.privileges
C.inventinsD.destinatins
答案 D
解析 根据第三段中的“Our slutin was t create mre spaces,t the gas statin int smething that’s mre f a destinatin”可推出,此处是说,该设计将现有的加油站重新构想为电动汽车充电的目的地。
B.purpse
C.shiftD.bundary
答案 C
解析 由语境及生活常识可知,此处是说,随着从汽油动力汽车向电动汽车的转变——目标是到2030年让电动汽车至少占新车销量的50%——传统加油站可能会停业关闭。angle角度;purpse 目的;shift转移,变换;bundary边界,界限。
tB.make up
C.take dwnD.cut dwn
答案 B
解析 make up组成,构成;rise t上升到;take dwn拆除,写下;cut dwn砍倒,削减。
a lssB.ut f date
C.ut f businessD.at risk
答案 C
解析 at a lss不知所措;ut f date过时;ut f business关闭;at risk有危险。
B.restratin
C.innvatinD.distributin
答案 B
解析 本句中的“petrleum-plluted land”说明加油站所在的土地是受污染的,因此推断出改造成充电站时需要修复。cverage新闻报道,涉及;restratin 修复;innvatin 创新;distributin分布,分配。
B.change
C.frceD.shrink
答案 A
解析 句意:该工作室的设计以“树状”钢顶篷为特色,该顶篷将消除乙醇污染的创新系统集成到其地基中。integrate使成为一体;shrink(使)缩小。
B.delicate
C.rughD.smth
答案 A
解析 后面一句提到加满一箱油通常需要2~5分钟左右,电动汽车充满电则需4.5小时,由此推断出电动汽车充电是一个漫长的过程。lengthy漫长的,冗长的;delicate 脆弱的,精致的。
B.full
C.steadyD.typical
答案 B
解析 与本句前半部分中的“Filling a tank f gas”呼应,此处应表示“充满电”。full 满的。
B.divide
C.translateD.transfrm
答案 D
解析 我们的解决方案是创造更多的空间,把加油站改造成一个更像目的地的地方。把……改造成。
B.casually
C.merelyD.slightly
答案 C
解析 根据后面一句话可知,他们希望所设计的充电站能够同时满足社区的一些其他需求,由此推断出这不仅仅是充电站。merely仅仅;necessarily必然地;casually漫不经心地;slightly略微。
B.serve
C.hldD.please
答案 B
解析 根据语境判断,他们考虑了社区的需求,希望充电站能够满足这些需求。serve能满足……的需要。
B.justified
C.cmmittedD.adapted
答案 D
解析 根据空前的“flexible”可以推断,他们的设计能适应不同地点。adapt适应;refrm改革;justify为……辩护;cmmit犯(罪、错),承诺。
B.addicted
C.equalD.pen
答案 D
解析 由空后的“partnering with interested cmpanies r develpment teams t put their Electric Oasis design int practice”可知,该团队目前愿意与感兴趣的公司或开发团队合作。
Passage 2
主题:乌鸦研究新发现 词数:225
难度:★★★☆☆
Wearing a caveman mask,Dr.Marzluff walks acrss the camp at the university.Crws circle and scream.They dive at him and then suddenly fly away.
Beneath the mask,he smiles.Days befre,he and his students had 16 cavemen masks,caught crws and 17 plastic bands n t their legs.Then they released the 18 birds.
“We always knew crws 19 us,but culd we shw it?” says Dr.Marzluff,a prfessr knwn affectinately as the Crwman.
When the researchers walked arund campus withut masks,the crws they had caught and banded didn’t 20 t them.But when the 21 humans walked by while wearing the masks,the crws sclded ludly and dived at their “ 22 ”.The birds had remembered their 23 !
“Crws are cnstantly 24 us,” Dr.Marzluff says.“They lk,they think,they eyeball yu, 25 the situatin.”
At first,nly the banded birds reacted 26 t the peple in masks.But in later tests,an increasing number f crws began sclding them,even when the banded birds were nt arund.The birds had 27 frm ne and his team fllwed banded crws fr a year and 28 that adults even pass this infrmatin t their 29 .
Dr.Marzluff’s experiments led him t study hw crws’ 30 wrk.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Marzluff博士和他的团队研究了乌鸦的大脑是如何工作的。他们将乌鸦的腿绑上塑料带子,然后放了乌鸦,同时对捆绑的乌鸦进行跟踪,发现乌鸦能认出他们的脸,同时发现成年乌鸦甚至会将这些信息传递给幼崽。
utB.put n
C.searched frD.taken ff
答案 B
解析 由上文“Wearing a caveman mask”可知,此处指戴上面具。
B.stepped
C.pressedD.tied
答案 D
解析 由下文“the crws they had caught and banded”可知,在乌鸦的腿上绑上了塑料带子。
B.beautiful
C.blackD.rare
答案 A
解析 由上文“caught crws”可知,乌鸦被捕所以不开心。
B.attack
C.recgnizeD.cntact
答案 C
解析 由下文“the crws sclded ludly”和实验内容可知,研究人员戴上面具,在乌鸦腿上绑上塑料带子,然后将它们放了,之后他们再戴上面具后,发现乌鸦攻击他们,这说明乌鸦能认出他们。
B.react
C.replyD.turn
答案 B
解析 由下文“t them”可知,此处指乌鸦没有任何反应。react t固定搭配,意为“对……作出反应”。
B.unkind
C.differentD.same
答案 D
解析 由下文“humans walked by while wearing the masks”和常识可知,为了保证实验的可信性,应是同一批人戴着面具走过。
B.prfessrs
C.wnersD.fllwers
答案 A
解析 由上文“the crws sclded ludly and dived at their”和上文提到的研究者捆绑乌鸦可知,乌鸦把他们当成敌人,在认出他们之后去攻击他们。
B.faces
C.rgansD.figures
答案 B
解析 由下文“They lk,they think,they eyeball yu”可知,乌鸦能记住敌人的脸。
B.admiring
C.watchingD.tlerating
答案 C
解析 由下文“They lk”可知,乌鸦一直在观察他们。
B.changing
C.restringD.wrsening
答案 A
解析 由上文“They lk,they think,they eyeball yu”和下文“the situatin”可知,乌鸦观察他们是为了估计形势,去攻击他们。
B.autmatically
C.abnrmallyD.threateningly
答案 D
解析 由下文“But in later tests,an increasing number f crws began sclding them”可知,乌鸦攻击他们,对他们产生有威胁性的行为。
B.heard
C.learnedD.benefited
答案 C
解析 由下文“pass this infrmatin”可知,乌鸦们从同伴那里得知一些信息。
B.identified
C.deniedD.clarified
答案 B
解析 由上下文可知,Marzluff博士和他的团队研究发现乌鸦甚至会将这些信息传递给幼崽。
B.neighbr
C.partnersD.ppnents
答案 A
解析 由上文“adults even pass this infrmatin t their”可知,成年乌鸦甚至会将这些信息传递给幼崽。
B.nses
C.legsD.brains
答案 D
解析 由上文讲到的乌鸦能认出它们的敌人可知,Marzluff博士的实验让他研究了乌鸦的大脑是如何工作的。
Passage 3 (2024江西九江三模)
主题:出色的能力源于严格练习 词数:249 难度:★★★☆☆
If yu want t stand ut,10,000 hurs f training will take yu much further than yur natural abilities.Mzart is cnsidered by many as the greatest cmpser wh ever lived.Traditinally,many peple 31 utstanding achievements like Mzart’s are due t talent,r even inbrn inspiratin r 32 .
This assumptin hlds especially true fr child prdigies(神童) like Mzart whse music talent 33 the wrld at the age f six.But lking mre 34 at this phenmenn,we find that these individuals actually had t practice cuntless hurs befre shwing their 35 remarkable talent.In fact,scientists indicate that a prdigy’s training typically 36 at a very early age,with massive time invested in practice.
Fr example,when the six-year-ld Mzart tured Eurpe t 37 his brilliant pian skills,he had already 38 3,500 hurs f musical training.If yu cmpare this t ther pianists wh have practiced fr as lng,Mzart’s 39 wasn’t all that exceptinal.It seems that utstanding abilities cme frm intensive strict practice 40 natural talents.A study shws the nly factr directly 41 the students’ level f achievement was the amunt f serius practice time:the mst 42 perfrmers had practiced fr an average f 10,000 hurs,while the least skilled had nly 4,000 hurs f practice.What’s even mre revealing is that there were n 43 :All f the tp perfrmers had 44 great effrts t their practice.It seems that n extrardinary talent can 45 withut tugh practice.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要通过讨论和分析莫扎特等天才的例子,来论证一个观点,即出色的能力并非仅来源于天赋,而是需要大量的严格练习。
B.assume
C.realizeD.hpe
答案 B
解析 根据上文“Mzart is cnsidered by many as the greatest cmpser wh ever lived.”可知,莫扎特被许多人认为是有史以来最伟大的作曲家,所以许多人认为取得像莫扎特这样的杰出成就是由于天赋。
B.prgress
C.fateD.determinatin
答案 C
解析 根据上文“due t talent,r even inbrn inspiratin r”可知,空处和talent以及inbrn inspiratin并列,结合选项,应是“fate(命运)”符合语境。故选C项。
B.excited
C.questinedD.scared
答案 A
解析 根据下文“the wrld at the age f six”可知,6岁展现的天赋应是让世界惊叹不已。
B.hurriedly
C.widelyD.clsely
答案 D
解析 根据下文“we find that these individuals actually had t practice cuntless hurs befre shwing their remarkable talent”可知,发现了一个结论,应是仔细观察这一现象才可以得出。
B.s-called
C.well-rganizedD.newly-discvered
答案 B
解析 根据主语“these individuals”可知,这些人指的是前文提到的神童,所以应是他们“所谓的非凡才能”符合语境。
B.exists
C.endsD.grws
答案 A
解析 根据下文“with massive time invested in practice”可知,投入了大量的时间在练习上,所以是训练很早就开始了。
B.spread
C.displayD.bradcast
答案 C
解析 根据上文“when the six-year-ld Mzart tured Eurpe”以及下文“his brilliant pian skills”可知,莫扎特在欧洲巡回演出,应是展示他卓越的钢琴技巧。
B.accelerated
C.undergneD.missed
答案 C
解析 根据上文“In fact,scientists indicate that a prdigy’s training typically at a very early age,with massive time invested in practice.”可知,神童的训练通常在很小的时候就开始了,并投入了大量的时间在练习上,所以此处应是已经接受了3500小时的音乐训练。
B.ambitin
C.explratinD.experience
答案 A
解析 根据上文“If yu cmpare this t ther pianists wh have practiced fr as lng”可知,和其他练习了这么久的钢琴家相比,应是莫扎特的成就并不是那么特别。
thanB.rather than
C.as well asD.in case f
答案 B
解析 根据上文“If yu cmpare this t ther pianists wh have practiced fr as lng,Mzart’s wasn’t all that exceptinal.”可知,和其他练习了这么久的钢琴家相比,莫扎特的成就并不是那么特别,所以优秀的能力来自密集严格的练习,而不是天生的才能。
frwardB.adjusted t
C.bringing upD.invlved in
答案 D
解析 根据下文“the mst perfrmers had practiced fr an average f 10,000 hurs,while the least skilled had nly 4,000 hurs f practice”可知,最有天赋的人平均练习10,000小时,而技能最差的人只有4000小时,所以涉及学生成绩水平的唯一因素是认真练习的时间。
B.rdinary
C.energeticD.gifted
答案 D
解析 根据下文“while the least skilled had nly 4,000 hurs f practice”可知,此处是在和技能最差的人作对比,所以应是最有天赋的人。
B.principles
C.exceptinsD.evidences
答案 C
解析 根据下文“All f the tp perfrmers had great effrts t their practice.”可知,所有的顶尖选手都在练习中付出了巨大的努力,所以是无一例外。
B.adapted
C.savedD.reduced
答案 A
解析 根据上文“the mst perfrmers had practiced fr an average f 10,000 hurs,while the least skilled had nly 4,000 hurs f practice”可知,越有天赋的人,投入练习越多,所以应是所有的顶尖选手都在练习中付出了巨大的努力。
B.escape
C.sufferD.shine
答案 D
解析 根据下文“withut tugh practice”可知,没有刻苦的练习,就不能显示出非凡的才能。