2025届高考英语一轮复习：（外研版）必修第三册　Unit 3　The world of science（课件PPT+学案）

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gunpwder n.火药cmpass n.指南针，罗盘virtual adj.虚拟的，模拟的battery n.电池cmpute v.计算
stuff n.东西，物品astrnmer n.天文学家Gregrian calendar 公历，阳历(自1582年起在西方使用的历法)species n.物种
stream n.小河，小溪radium n.镭(一种化学元素)lightning n.闪电fictin n.虚构的事，想象的事metal n.金属gravity n.重力，引力
press v.按sht v.射出(光线等)，放射desire n.渴望，欲望passive adj.被动的beynd prep.无法……
instance n.例子，实例extrardinary adj.非凡的，出色的brilliant adj.聪颖的，才华横溢的thery n.学说，理论mental adj.精神的；精神健康的
cure n.药剂；疗法draft v.起草，草拟experiment n.(科学)实验flash n.闪光entirely adv.完全地，彻底地
accunt n.记述，描述prf n.证明，证据prcedure n.程序，步骤，手续
flexible adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的→flexibly adv.灵活地；有弹性地→flexibility n.灵活性；弹性；适应性capable adj.有能力的→capability n.能力
significant adj.重要的，影响深远的→significance n.重要性，意义injure v.使受伤，弄伤→injury n.伤；损害→injured adj.受伤的
chemist n.化学家；药剂师；药房→chemistry n.化学→chemical adj.化学的bilgist n.生物学家→bilgy n.生理；生物学→bilgical adj.生物(学)的
accurate adj.精确的→accurately adv.精确地→accuracy n.精确度，准确性minr adj.小的；次要的→minrity n.少数
rigin n.起源，起因→riginal adj.最初的，原始的 n.原作→riginally adv.原来，最初declaratin n.声明，宣告→declare v.宣布
attach v.系，绑；贴；附→attached adj.附属于；依恋的→attachment n.附件；连接物；依恋cnduct v.传导(热、电)；指挥；实施→cnductr n.导体；指挥；售票员
scientific adj.科学(上)的→science n.科学；理科→scientist n.科学家
mbilise (NAmE -ize) /'məʊbəlaɪz/ vt.& vi.组织；鼓动；动员neutrality /njuː'træləti/ n.中立；中立状态invade /ɪn'veɪd/ vi.& vt.武装入侵；侵略；侵犯
surrender /sə'rendə(r)/ vi.& vt.投降；(被迫)放弃，交出 n.投降；屈服；屈从fight back还击；抵抗assault /ə'sɔːlt/ n.攻击；突击；袭击 vt.猛烈攻击；袭击；侵犯(尤指构成犯罪)
swift /swɪft/ adj.迅即发生的；速度快的；敏捷的intact /ɪn'tækt/ adj.完好无损；完整reinfrcement /ˌriːɪn'fɔːsmənt/ n.[pl.]援军；增援警力 [U](感情或思想等的)巩固；加强fate /feɪt/ n.命中注定的事(尤指坏事)；命运
wearable tech 可穿戴技术in additin 除此之外，另外never say never 别轻易说决不natural selectin 自然选择field research 实地研究，实地调研
instead f代替；而不是in terms f 按照；谈及；在……方面alng with连同……一起take place 发生；举行die frm死于；因……而死
There have been glden ages f inventin thrughut histry. (there be 句型)纵观历史，我们经历过很多发明创造的黄金时代。And nw，we find urselves in the great new age f technlgy. (find＋宾语＋宾语补足语)而现在，我们自己正处于伟大的科技新时代。
In terms f the envirnment，it is nw pssible t create an intelligent walking huse.(it is pssible t d)在环境领域，建造智能可移动房屋现在已成为可能。S what is it that inspires us t invent things？(强调句型的特殊疑问句式)那么，是什么激励着我们去发明东西呢？
But what remains imprtant is that we have an incredible desire t think and create，and that’s the real spirit f inventin.(what引导的主语从句)不过有一点依旧重要，就是我们对思考与创造有着一种极度的渴望，而这正是真正的发明精神。
But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually tuched the key，he wuld certainly have died frm the electric shck.(虚拟语气)但科学家们一致认为，如果富兰克林真的碰到了钥匙，他必定会被电死。
In fact，mre than ne accunt suggests that while Newtn was certainly inspired by a falling apple，there is n prf that it hit him n the head.(mre than ne作主语)事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明这颗苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。
1.cmpass adj. _______________3.species n. ______4.stuff n. ___________5.gravity n. ___________6.astrnmer n. _________
1._______n.学说，理论2.______v.按3._______adj.精神的；精神健康的4._____n.药剂；疗法5._____________adj.非凡的，出色的6.______n.证明，证据
extrardinary
7.__________n.程序，步骤，手续8.______ v.射出(光线等)，放射9.___________ n.(科学)实验10.________ n.记述，描述11.______ n.渴望，欲望12.________ adj.聪颖的，才华横溢的
1._______ adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的→_______ adv.灵活地；有弹性地→_________ n.灵活性；弹性；适应性2.________ v.传导(热、电)；指挥；实施→__________ n.导体；指挥；售票员
flexibility
3.________ n.化学家；药剂师；药房→_________ n.化学→________ adj.化学的4._________ n.生物学家→_______ n.生理；生物学→_________ adj.生物(学)的
5.______ v.系，绑；贴；附→________ adj.附属于；依恋的→___________ n.附件；连接物；依恋6.______ adj.小的；次要的→________ n.少数
1.invade vi.& vi.& vt.______________________ n.__________________ n.____________________________
投降；(被迫)放弃，交出
猛烈攻击；袭击；侵犯(尤指构成犯罪)
迅即发生的；速度快的；敏捷的
命中注定的事(尤指坏事)；命运
1._______________别轻易说决不2.alng with_____________3.field research ___________________4.natural selectin_________5.wearable tech ___________
never say never
1.This incident is s __________ that its ___________ will never fade away.(significant)2.He gt _______ in the game and the ______ seemed very serius.(injure)3.The figures were nt ___________ s that they culdn’t ensure the _________ f their experiment result.(accurate)4.He is __________ f memrizing fifty English wrds in five minutes，s he has the __________ t understand the difficult English article.(capable)
significant
significance
5.I dn’t knw abut the ________ f that species，but I’m sure it must still have many f its __________ features.(rigin)6.She __________ that she wuld nt change her mind and many citizens were strngly against her ____________.(declare)7.The _________ has made s many ________ achievements in _______ in recent years.(scientific)
1.__________ blaming the child，she gave him a tlerant smile and let him changes ________________ in ur hmetwn and it is beynd jb is great ____________ salary，but it has its disadvantages.
in additin，in terms f，take place，die frm，instead f
have taken place
4.Unfrtunately，a lt f peple in Africa ________ this disease every makes me happy when I feel upset.__________，I feel cnfident when singing a pp sng.
1.我写信是想告诉你，时间表有过一些调整。(there be句型)I’m writing t tell yu ___________________________________________.2.由于社会的飞速发展，他们发现自己处于进退两难的境地。(find＋宾语＋宾语补足语)They ____________________________ as a cnsequence f rapid changes in sciety.
there have been sme adjustments t the timetable
fund themselves in a dilemma
3.因为有那么多不同的课程可以选择，所以你很可能找到你想学的那门课程。(it is pssible...)As there are s many different curses t chse frm，_____________________________ yu desire t study.4.究竟为什么他会做出这种愚蠢又忘恩负义的行为？(强调句型的特殊疑问句式)_______________ he had such flish and ungrateful cnduct？
it is pssible t
find the curse
Why was it that
5.如果他经常练钢琴的话，他一定已经赢得比赛了。(虚拟语气)If he had practiced the pian n a regular basis，______________________________________.
he wuld certainly
have wn the cntest
Nwadays，many capable peple desire 1._________(invent) stuff that can make peple’s life 2.______(easy) than befre,3._____ is significant.Fr instance，many brilliant 4.___________(husewife) make extrardinary minr inventins，which is a prf 5.______ everyne can make 6.___ difference t ur life beynd ur expectatins.Sme fail many times 7._____ they never say never.They cnduct 8.___________(science) experiments ver and ver again until they’re 9.________(entire) satisfied with accurate results.In additin，they attach imprtance t determinatin，which 10.__________(accunt) fr their success.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
n.渴望，欲望；要求 vt.渴望，希望；要求
·have a strng desire t d sth强烈渴望做某事 have a strng desire fr sth急于想得到某物·desire (sb) t d sth希望(某人)做某事 desire that...(shuld) d...希望……
(1)(应用文写作之求助信)我在为我的家人和朋友选择中国工艺品时遇到了困难，我非常渴望你及时的帮助。I have difficulty chsing Chinese art crafts fr my family and friends and I ______________________________________________.(2)(应用文写作之推荐信)既然你有强烈的学习中国文化的愿望，我向你强烈推荐北京大学。Since _________________________________________________________，I strngly recmmend Peking University t yu.
have a strng desire fr/desire yur timely assistance
yu have a strng desire/strngly desire t learn Chinese culture
(3)(2023·浙江1月，应用文写作)我们希望学校能组织更多这样的活动，这不仅可以消除我们沉重的压力，还可以开阔我们的视野。We _____________________________________________________________________________________________________，which can nt nly break dwn ur heavy pressure but als braden ur hrizns.
desire ur schl t rganise mre activities like this/desire that ur
schl (shuld) rganise mre activities like this
adj.重要的，影响深远的；显著的 (significantly adv.有重大意义地，显著地；别有含义地，意味深长地 significance n.重要性，意义)
significant
be f great significance(＝be very significant)非常重要be f n significance无意义，不重要attach significance t... 认为……有意义/重要
(1)(应用文写作之活动报道)通过参加这次活动，我意识到了学习历史的重要性。Thrugh participating in this activity，_________________________________________________________.(2)(话题写作之学校生活)另外，我认为在学校锻炼身体很重要，因此我们学生必须积极、按时上体育课。毕竟，户外运动对我们的身体健康是非常重要的。In additin，I ___________________________________________，s we students must attend PE class actively and punctually.After all，utdr exercise _______________________________________________________.
I have becme aware f the
significance f studying histry
attach great significance t wrking ut at schl
is f great significance/is very significant t ur physical health
v.使受伤，弄伤 (injury n.伤害，损伤 injured adj.受伤的)
·get/be injured受伤·d sb an injury(＝d an injury t sb)弄伤某人·the injured伤者
(1)The explsin did serius ________ t sme passers-by；frtunately，the _______ were immediately rushed t the nearest hspital.(injure)(2)尽管腿受了伤，他还是决心跑完马拉松，我们起身为他鼓掌。Thugh __________________________，he was determined t finish the marathn and we rse t applaud him.
(he gt/was) injured in the leg
n.药剂；疗法vt.治愈(病人或动物)；治好(疾病)；纠正/去除(弊端等)
·a cure fr...……的治疗方法；治愈……的方法·cure sb f sth治愈某人的某种疾病；矫正/改正某人的不良行为
(1)(应用文写作之人物介绍)看到病人忍受着巨大的痛苦，医生们正在尽最大努力研发一种针对这种疾病的新疗法，这种疗法还可以治疗人们其他的严重疾病。Seeing patients suffering great pains，dctrs are trying their best ________________________________，which als can ____________________________________________________________.(2)(2022·天津3月，书面表达)我坚信，只要我们永不说“不”，我们就一定能改掉自己的坏习惯。I hld the strng belief that as lng as we never say never，we can definitely ____________________________.
t develp a new cure fr the disease
cure peple f ther
severe illnesses/cure peple’s ther severe illnesses
cure urselves f ur bad habits
v.系，绑，贴；喜欢，依恋；附在……上；认为有重要性 (attached adj.喜爱的，依恋的；附属于 attachment n.附件，附属物)
·attach sth t...把某物连接到/附在……上 attach neself t依附；缠着 attach imprtance/significance/value t重视；认为……重要/有意义/ 有价值(t是介词)·be attached t被连接到……；爱慕；附属于
(1)(应用文写作之申请信)Please find my applicatin letter and résumé in the ___________(attach).(2)In additin，the hspital _____________(attach) t the medical cllege nearby was destryed in the fld.(3)(应用文写作之建议信)在学习一门外语的过程中，你再怎么强调阅读的重要性也不为过。Yu _______________________________________________ during the curse f learning a freign language.
can never attach t much significance t reading
(4)(读后续写之动作链描写)他拿出吊床，拴到树上，惬意地躺在里面，听着他最喜爱的音乐。He tk ut the hammck，_____________________ and lay in it cmfrtably，listening t his favrite music.
attached it t the trees
n.记述，描述；说明；账目；(银行)账户 v.认为是，视为
·n accunt f由于，因为 take accunt f...(＝ accunt/cnsideratin)考虑到， 把……考虑进去 n n accunt决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装) give an accunt f叙述/描述·accunt fr是……的原因；解释；(数量上、比例上)占
(1)Culd yu accunt ______ yur rude behavir that night?(2)由于突如其来的大雨，我们更难找到回家的路。_____________________________________，we had mre difficulty finding ur way hme.
On accunt f the unexpected heavy rain
(3)(2023·天津3月，书面表达)每当遇到陷入困境的人，一个活雷锋绝不会袖手旁观。①Whenever meeting anyne wh is trapped in difficulties，a living Leifeng will _____________________.②Whenever meeting anyne wh is trapped in difficulties，_____________________________________________.(用倒装句改写)
n n accunt stand by
accunt will a living Leifeng stand by
(4)(应用文写作之申请信)如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。I wuld appreciate it ___________________________________________________________________.(5)(应用文写作之告知信)我写信的目的是向您详细讲述我在一次志愿者项目中难忘的经历。I’m writing t _______________________ my unfrgettable experience in a vlunteer prgramme.
if yu culd take my applicatin int accunt/take
accunt f my applicatin
give yu a full accunt f
用法点拨　表示“决不”的短语还有in n case，at n time，in n sense，in n way，by n means，n n cnditin，under n circumstances，n n cnsideratin，n n ccasin等。
But what remains imprtant is that we have an incredible desire t think and create，and that’s the real spirit f inventin.不过有一点依旧重要，就是我们对思考与创造有着一种极度的渴望，而这正是真正的发明精神。
what引导的主语从句
·what在此句中引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。·what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当句子成分(主要作主语、表语和宾语)， 可以译成多种意思：……的东西或事情；……的人或样子；……的数量或数 目；……的时间；……的地方。
(1)(2022·全国甲，书面表达)我们应该关注的是我们能为海洋保护做什么，而不是仅仅喊口号。___________________________________ is _________________ fr cean prtectin instead f shuting slgans.(2)一座新体育馆在曾经的荒地上建了起来。A new stadium was built n _________________________.
What we shuld fcus n/cncentrate n
what we culd d
what used t be a wasteland
(3)(2020·浙江1月，读后续写)他们既沮丧又担心，不知道什么可以使他们抑郁的爱犬高兴起来。似乎过了一个世纪的时间，他们终于想出了一个好主意——给她买一只小狗。有了一个新的玩伴，他们的狗不再是过去的样子了。他们都欣慰地笑了。Upset and cncerned，they didn’t knw ____________________ their glmy belved pet dg.After ________________________，a gd idea ccurred t them—buying her a puppy.Having a new playmate，their dg wasn’t __________________.They all smiled in relief.
what culd cheer up
what seemed like a century
what she used t be
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
(1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ)There，yu’ll find them prepared differently—mre dumpling and less sup，and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rlled. ____ (2)(2023·新课标Ⅱ)Befre the wide use f the printing press，bks were treasured bjects and culd be wrks f art in their wn right. ____
(3)(2021·浙江1月)With the pumpkin resting n the table，hle uppermst，I bent ver and pressed my head against the pening. ____ (4)What makes us annyed is that they are pressing us t make a quick decisin. ____ (5)I dn’t want the public，especially the press t knw abut this matter at this stage. ____
(1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ)The experiment f estimatin he cnducted shwed that in sme cases，the average f a large number f independent estimates culd be quite accurate. ____ (2)The warm-hearted guide cnducted us arund the West Lake and we enjyed the breathtaking scenery. ____
(3)He was mre than hnured t be invited t cnduct a cncert in America. ____(4)There is n denying that his cnduct f the business was very successful. ____ (5)There are sme materials that cnduct heat well. ____ (6)Make sure that yu cnduct yurself as a gd neighbr shuld. ____
(1)The mvie was sht in New Zealand and it appealed t numerus peple. _____ (2)Once we set ft in the park，we fund the rses putting ut new shts. _____ (3)He finally hit the target after he sht at it several times. _____
(4)(2021·浙江6月)Summers in the mid-70s were spent at hme shting baskets，hitting a baseball，r thrwing a ftball，preparing fr my future as a quarterback n a ftball team. ____ (5)(2021·新课标Ⅰ)Then Jeff nticed steam shting ut f the pt and the lid starting t shake. ____
4.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的意思(1)The whle prblem was quite beynd me and I didn’t knw hw t slve it.________________________________(2)(2021·全国甲)The wall is 12 meters high and frm here yu can see streams f peple mving inside and utside the City Wall. __________(3)(2021·新课标Ⅰ)“I was turning the page t get ready fr the next page，but the draft wind frm the turn caused the spare pages t fall ff the stand，” Mr Titterman said. _________
prep.超出……之外，非……所能及
(4)A gd idea flashed int my mind and I smiled with extreme excitement.________________(5)(2020·浙江7月)Researchers frm the University f Leipzig in Germany gathered mre than 1,000 retired wrkers wh were ver age 75 and assessed the vlunteers’ memry and thinking skills thrugh a battery f tests.________________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.He rse t his feet and said that it culdn’t be measured _____ terms f my pinin，his perseverance may accunt _____ his achievements in his additin，the majr prblems which shuld be paid attentin t are a vlunteer _________(dnate) mney t the institutin set up t help peple with cancer.
5.Trying t cure the wman ____ her illness，the dctr tried t find a new his relief，his sn is studying in a high schl _________(attach) t a key ____________(injure) n the way t schl and his classmates went t see him and aid has been suffering frm a serius disease and he has changed beynd ___________(recgnise).
was injured
9.In reality，as a result f a shrtage f funds，we are nt capable _____ cntinuing ur desire that sme effective measures _________________(take) as sn as pssible.
(shuld) be taken
1.人类高度重视航天飞行，因此本周五下午两点将在学校大厅举行一场以“太空科学”为主题的讲座，时长为两个小时。(attach)_______________________________________________________________2.了解我国太空飞行的历史、成就以及发展趋势很重要。(significant；动名词短语作主语)_______________________________________________________________3.由同样的专家呈现的第二部分将涉及相关的科学成果，如找到一些疾病的最新治疗方法。(cure；过去分词作后置定语)_______________________________________________________________
4.第三部分关注的是参与者可以提出他们感兴趣的问题。(what引导的主语从句)_______________________________________________________________5.非常欢迎那些想要更多了解太空的人来参加这次讲座。(desire；定语从句)_______________________________________________________________
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
NticeHuman beings attach great significance t space flights，s a lecture themed n space science will be held in the schl hall at 2 ’clck this Friday afternn and will last tw hurs.The lecture mainly cnsists f three parts.Learning abut the histry，achievements as well as develpment trends f space flights in ur cuntry is very significant，which the first part will mainly talk abut.
The secnd part presented by the same experts will deal with the related scientific benefits，such as finding the latest cure fr sme illnesses.What the third part will fcus n is that participants can ask questins they are curius abut.Thse wh desire t learn mre abut space are highly welcme t take part in the lecture.The Students’ Cuncil
情感细节描写：惊讶(二)
追求科学Brilliant Jeremy desired t g n his 6th grade field trip at the Natinal Gelgical Park，but unluckily he fell ill，tears f disappintment streaming dwn his cheeks.①___________________________________________________(无灵主语).He was pressed t take medicine and fell asleep sn.When he awke，his father asked him t meet Prfessr Helfand，wh wuld allw him t visit his bservatry.
Despair seized him at the
thught f missing the field trip
②_______________________________________________________(形容词短语作状语).③_____________________________________________________，with a smile flashing acrss his face.When seeing many big bright stars，he frze there，and then ④___________________.When the prfessr invited him t jin his team，he ⑤_________________________________ and he just kept ndding his head in disbelief.
Cnfused and astnished，he gaped at the prfessr，wide eyed
After what seemed like a lng time，he recvered frm
gave a cry f surprise
was t astnished t
utter a wrd