牛津译林版八年级英语上册单元速记•巧练Unit3【速记清单】(原卷版+解析)

这是一份牛津译林版八年级英语上册单元速记•巧练Unit3【速记清单】(原卷版+解析)，共34页。
Unit3 A day out 考点1.exercise/'eksəsaɪz/ vi 锻炼You should exercise often. 你应该经常锻炼。 exercise还可以作名词：一语辨异：The doctor said that he lacked exercise and suggested that he should do some running and morning exercises. 医生说他缺乏锻炼，并建议他跑跑步做做早操。【经典练】1．It is _________ _________ regularly and eat and sleep well.A．important, exerciseB．importance, exerciseC．importantly, to exerciseD．important, to exercise【写作佳句】（2022·山东济南·统考中考真题）Exercisemore in your daily life, and you’ll be full of energy.在日常生活中多锻炼，你就会精力充沛。考点2、come on 句式分析法：come on！用于祈使句，用来鼓励对方。也可用来表示劝说、催促、不耐烦等。Come on！ We are going to be late. 快点！我们快迟到了。 Come on！Don't cry any more！好啦！不要再哭了！【经典练】1．（2022春·八年级单元测试）Danny, ________, please. The others are catching up with you.A．come upB．come overC．come onD．come in【写作佳句】（2020·辽宁营口·统考中考真题）—Come on!You should never say no before you try.—加油！在你尝试之前，你不应该说不。3、enjoy oneself “玩得高兴，过得愉快”enjoy oneself 相当于have a good time或have fun。We enjoyed ourselves in the park last Sunday. 上周日我们在公园里玩得很开心。【易错点】enjoy后可接名词、代词和动名词。enjoy后接动词时，只能用动名词形式，不能跟不定式。He enjoys reading foreign novels. 他喜欢读外国小说。You will enjoy it. 你会喜欢它的。【经典练】1.（2023秋·重庆沙坪坝·八年级重庆八中校考开学考试）—Linda, how was the party last night? Did you ________ any games? —Yeah, it was so much fun. Everyone enjoyed ________ the “Get the Chair” game.A．played; playB．play; playingC．play; playD．played; playing【写作佳句】（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题）We visited the science museum. It was really interestingand all of us enjoyed ourselves.我们参观了科学博物馆。这真的很有趣，我们都玩得很开心。4、by 在……旁边，通过，在……之前 by the river在河边；by train乘火车；by reading 通过阅读 作“搭，乘”讲时，by后直接跟交通工具的名称，中间不加冠词。【经典练】1．（2023秋·福建龙岩·八年级统考期末）To my surprise, his sister wrote the song all by ________.A．myselfB．herselfC．himself【写作佳句】（2023·辽宁大连·统考中考真题）Nowadays traveling by high-speed train is as popular as traveling by air in China现在乘高铁旅行和乘飞机旅行一样受欢迎。5、How long is. . . ？……有多长？ 询问物体的长、宽、高可以使用how long/wide/tall/high. . . 其回答使用：It's＋数词＋名词(表示量)＋long/wide/tall/high. 【经典练】1．（2022秋·北京朝阳·八年级统考期末）—________ did you stay in the park yesterday?—We stayed for two hours.A．How muchB．How manyC．How longD．How often【写作佳句】（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）— How long have you been a member of the football team?——你当足球队队员多久了？6、be made of 由……制成of 后接材料名词The desk is made of wood. 这张书桌是由木头制成的。【重点】辨析：be made of，be made from与be made in【经典练】1．（2021春·江苏常州·八年级校考阶段练习）— Is a computer ________ a mouse, a main unit, a screen and a keyboard?— Yes. Look at this computer. The main unit ________ medal(金属).A．be made up of, is made fromB．made up of; is made ofC．made up of, are made ofD．made up of; is made from【写作佳句】The surfaceof the table feels smooth. It must be made of fine wood.桌子的表面摸起来很光滑，它一定是用优质木材做的。7、fine fine作副词，意为“够好，蛮不错”，常用于口语中 fine作形容词，意为“身体很好的”，相当于well。fine作形容词，意为“晴朗的，美好的”。【经典练】1．（2023·全国·八年级假期作业）—How about going climbing if it ________ this weekend. —Good idea. But nobody knows if it ________.A．is fine; rainsB．will be fine; rainsC．is fine; will rainD．will be fine; will rain【答案】C【详解】句意：——如果这个周末天气好，我们去爬山吧。——好主意。但是没有人知道是否会下雨。考查if的用法。第一空处if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，从句部分应该用一般现在时，故第一空为一般现在时，排除B、D两项。第二空处if表示“是否”，引导了一个宾语从句，根据“But nobody knows if it…”可知，此处应该用一般将来时。故选C。【写作佳句】（2022秋·广东江门·八年级统考期末）It was sucha fine day thatwe had a good time in the countryside.天气这么好，我们在乡下玩得很开心。8、join /dʒɔɪn/ v. 加入，参加Which club do you want to join？ 你想加入哪个俱乐部？【易错点】 辨析：join与 join in【经典练】1．（2022秋·广东江门·八年级统考期末）—Bob, I’m not good at English. What should I do?—Why not ________ an English club to practice ________ English?A．to join; speakingB．to join; to speakC．join; speakingD．join; to speak【写作佳句】We are going to play football after school. Would you like to join us?放学后我们打算踢足球。你愿意加入我们吗？9、invite sb. to do sth. 意为“邀请某人做某事”Did you invite your friends to go shopping with you？ 你邀请你的朋友们和你一起去购物了吗？【重点】 表示“邀请某人参加某项活动”时,可用“invite sb. to＋名词（短语）”，此处的to为介词。He invited me to a dinner party. 他邀请我参加宴会。【经典练】1．（2023春·福建龙岩·八年级校考阶段练习）—Did you ________ some of your friends to your party?—Yes, and they are all glad to come for it.A．inviteB．developC．gather【写作佳句】（2023·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）—Our school will invite Mr. Wang to give us a talk on environmental protection next week. ——下周我们学校将邀请王先生给我们做一个关于环境保护的演讲。10、arrive / ə'raɪv / vi. 到达They arrived at the station at 3 this afternoon. 他们今天下午3点到达了车站。【重点】 辨析：arrive， get与reach 如果后面没有任何表示地点的名词或副词时，则只能用arrive。When did you arrive？ 你是何时到达的？ arrive的名词形式为arrival，意为“到来，到达”。We are waiting for his arrival. 我们正等待他的到来。【经典练】1．（2022秋·山东青岛·八年级统考期末）—When did Tom ________ Beijing? —Yesterday.A．arriveB．arrive inC．got toD．reached【写作佳句】（2023·湖南益阳·统考中考真题）—Oh, I arrived here at 7: 00 to prepare for the test.——哦，我七点到这里准备考试。11、in front of “在……前面”There are many trees in front of our buil­ding. 在我们楼前有许多树。 辨析：in front of与in the front ofThere's a bus stop in front of the house. 在房子前面有一个公共汽车站。（指在某物体之外的前面）The driver sits in the front of the bus. 驾驶员坐在公共汽车的前端。（指在某物体内部的前面）【经典练】1．（2022秋·江苏盐城·八年级统考期中）The boy is standing ________ the classroom and making a daily report.A．in front ofB．in the front ofC．in frontD．in the front【写作佳句】（2022·湖北荆州·统考中考真题）—I always feel nervous when speaking in front of others.——在其他人面前讲话的时候我总会感到紧张。12、by oneself 独立地，独自Can you finish the work by yourself？ 你能独自完成这项工作吗？ by oneself相当于alone或on one's own。I can do it by myself. ＝ I can do it alone.＝I can do it on my own. 我能独立完成它。【经典练】1．（2022秋·黑龙江佳木斯·九年级统考期末）—_________ do you improve your English?—I improve it _________ working with a group.A．How; withB．What; byC．How; by【写作佳句】There is a university by the side of the river.河边有一所大学。13、look like “看起来像……”like是介词，后面常接名词（短语）或代词。He looks like his father. 他看起来像他父亲。 辨析：look like与be like一语辨异：The two brothers do not look like each other, but they are like each other. 这两兄弟虽然长得不像，性格却相似。【经典练】1．—________ the weather ________ in Shanghai in summer? —It’s very hot.A．What does; look likeB．What’s; look likeC．What’s; likeD．How’s; like【写作佳句】Linda really looks like her mother. They both have big eyes and round faces.琳达长得真像她妈妈。她们都有大眼睛和圆脸。14、too much 太多；过于【易错点】 辨析：too much与much tootoo much修饰名词时，后接不可数名词；too many修饰名词时，后接可数名词复数形式。too much和much too， 区别用法看后头；much 后接不可数，too则修饰形或副 。【经典练】1．Don’t drink ________ cola. It’s ________ your health.A．much too; bad atB．too much; bad forC．too much; bad atD．much too; bad for【写作佳句】（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）—It’s bad for us to drink too much coffee.——咖啡喝多了对我们不好。15、support / sə'pɔːt / n. 支持There is strong public support for the change. 公众大力支持这一变革。 support还可作动词，意为“支持”。I support you. 我支持你。：supporter n. 支持者；拥护者【经典练】1．（2022秋·河北·八年级校联考期末）When you are in need, you can ask your family for help and ________.A．supportB．practiceC．challengesD．standards【写作佳句】（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）Because of pollution, this lake is now too harmful to support fish.由于污染，这个湖现在太有害了，不能养鱼。16、take place “发生，进行”take place 为不及物动词短语，无被动语态。The basketball game will take place on Sunday. 篮球比赛将在周日举行。【难点】 辨析：take place与happen【经典练】1．（— This year’s college entrance examination will ________ in July, a month later than usual.— Then the students will have more time to ________ the exam.A．take place; prepare forB．come true; copy downC．make sure; find out【写作佳句】（2023·福建福州·模拟预测）The International Museum Day takes place on May 18th every year.每年的5月18日是国际博物馆日。17、cheer for 为……喝彩/欢呼”Let's go and cheer for them. 咱们去为他们加油吧。 cheer up（使）变得更高兴，振奋起来How can we cheer him up？ 我们怎么能使他高兴起来呢？ cheer还可作名词，意为“欢呼声；喝彩声”。Three cheers for the winners！为优胜者欢呼三次吧！【经典练】1.—Our class will ________ Class 8. I believe our class will win the game. Could you come and ________ us?—Of course I will.A．fight against; prepare forB．play against; cheer forC．suffer from; happy for【写作佳句】I am sure our team will win the match. I can’t wait to cheer for our heroes.我相信我们队会赢得这场比赛。我迫不及待地为我们的英雄们欢呼。18、forget to do sth. “忘记要做某事（事情还没做）”Don't forget to give him some food. 别忘记给他一些食物。【重点】forget doing sth. 意为“忘记做过某事（事情已经做过了）”。My grandfather forgot telling me the story. 我祖父忘了他给我讲过这个故事。【重点】 有类似用法的词还有remember。remember to do sth. 意为“记得要做某事”；remember doing sth. 意为“记得做过某事”。Remember to close the door when you go out. 记住当你出去时要关门。I remember seeing her somewhere. 我记得在哪儿见过她。【经典练】1．（—Please give the book back to me. —Oh, I am sorry. I ________ to bring it here. I ________ it at home.A．forget; forgetB．forgot; leftC．forgot; forgetD．will forget; leave【写作佳句】If you forget to bring your dictionary, I can share mine with you.如果你忘了带字典，我可以和你共用我的。19、helpless / 'helpləs / adj. 无助的由名词help＋后缀­less构成，类似构成的词有：childless，harmless，hopeless，meaningless，careless， painless，colourless等。Sometimes the disabled are helpless. 有时候，残疾人是无助的。【经典练】1．（2021秋·江苏无锡·八年级统考期中）Some parents often feel _________ when their children don’t listen to them and play too many computer games.A．usefulB．uselessC．helpfulD．helpless【写作佳句】When they felt helpless after the earthquake, the government offered them food and clothes.地震过后，当他们感到无助时，政府给了他们食物和衣服。20、useful /‘jusːfl/ adj. 有用的由名词use＋后缀­ful构成，类似构成的词有：delightful， cheerful， painful， colourful， harmful， successful， thoughtful， wonderful等。This book is useful to me. 这本书对我来说很有用。 useful可用作定语和表语。useful以辅音音素开头，故前面的不定冠词用a。 useful的比较级为more useful，最高级为most useful。useful的反义词为useless。固定搭配：be useful for sth. 有助于……；be useful to sb. 对某人有用【经典练】1．（Li Lei wants to learn English well. So he decides to do ________ to improve his English.A．something usefulB．useful somethingC．useful everythingD．nothing useful【写作佳句】We know that English is an important subject, and it’s also a useful subject.我们知道英语是一门重要的学科，也是一门有用的学科。21、by underground “乘地铁”【重点】 “by ＋ 交通工具”中表示交通工具的名词只能用单数形式，且其前不能有限定词或修饰词。如带有限定词或修饰词时，要用介词in或on。如：in a car，on a bus等。I go to school by bike every day. ＝ I go to school on a bike every day. 我每天骑自行车上学。【重点】 go to. . . by underground相当于take the underground to. . . ，意为“乘地铁去……”。Will you take the underground to the zoo？ ＝ Will you go to the zoo by underground？ 你将乘地铁去动物园吗？【经典练】1．（It takes us about one hour to get to Nanjing Lukou Airport by ________ underground from the hotel.A．anB．aC．theD．/【写作佳句】（2019·上海·中考真题）There was something wrong with my car，so I went to work by underground.我的车出了点问题，所以我乘地铁去工作。一、(not)as＋adj. ＋as结构 1. 当两个比较对象在某方面程度相同，即A＝B时，用“ as＋形容词原级＋as”结构，表示“与……一样”。English is as important as Maths. 英语和数学一样重要。2. 当两个比较对象中，在某方面一方不及另一方，即A