高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration学案

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration学案，共7页。学案主要包含了语法填空，句子翻译等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1. It is an imprtant skill t learn t think critically . (2019天津) ___________
2. But sme students didn’t want t wear the unifrm. (2019浙江) ___________
3. My ambitin is t wrk fr a firm that develps cmputer sftware. ___________
4. These disasters made everyne sad and disappinted, but the desire t explre the universe never died. ___________
5. Yu must be intelligent enugh t get a related cllege degree. ___________
6. Parents shuld actively urge their children t take advantage f the pprtunity t jin sprts teams. (2016江苏) ___________
Part2. 动词不定式的作用
1 主语 (subject) 2 宾语 (bject) 3 表语 (predicative)
4 定语 (attribute) 5 状语 (adverbial) 6 宾补 (bject cmplement)
1.不定式作主语 (subject)
① T keep smiling is healthy fr yu.
② It tk him a lng time t acquire the skills he needed t becme a gd dancer.
注意：
◆单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用______。
◆若不定式太长,往往用_______作形式主语,不定式后置。
It +be + adj. +fr/f sb. t d sth.
★fr: adj.多为描述不定式行为的特征,特点（imprtant/ necessary / interesting 等.）
★f : adj. 多为描述主语的品质（kind / nice / friendly / wise / flish 等.）
Practice:
1. It is imprtant ______us t live a lw-carbn life.
2. It was generus ______him t cntribute s much .
3. It tk them 1,000 yuan _________this table. (buy)
4. 从幼儿园时期就教育孩子做一名负责任的市民是个好主意。
________________ t be respnsible citizens frm kindergarten .
2.不定式作宾语 (bject)
动词+ t d
Ya Ming likes t play basketball.
.不定式有时和wh-词构成宾语.
下一步干什么你决定了吗?
①Have yu decided ____________next?
我不知道怎么做它。
②I didn’t knw ______________it.
主语+谓语+it+ adj./n. +t d
句型：think/ cnsider/ find / feel / believe / make it + adj/n.+ t d (6123结构)
Imitatin:
①Mdern cameras and the Internet ______________t be famus nwadays. (让更困难)
② This special strain f rice ______________________20% mre f the crp in the same fields. (让生产成为可能) (Bk 4unit2)
3. 不定式作表语 (predicative)
1、主语 + be + t d sth
主语多为 duty / wish / hpe / idea / plan / ambitin/ dream / wrk / jb 等 名词
1. My ambitin is t be a dctr.
2. His wrk is t
4. 不定式作定语
1)不定式做定语时常放在被修饰词的后面. (常常表示将来的动作)
① I hpe in years t cme he will reflect n his decisin.
②The Beatle's sngs changed the lives f generatin t cme. （19年浙江卷）
③ Sme scientists were determined t help human realize their dream t explre space.
2).当名词被 the first ,the last, the nly 等词以及形容词最高级修饰时:
On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first persn in the wrld t g int space.
3). 如果不定式是不及物动词，则后面需适当的介词:
① Please pass me sme paper t write ____.
② She has a nice pen t write _____.
Practice:
① 忘掉悲伤的最好方法是将自己投入到工作中去。
The best way ______________ is t bury yurself in yur wrk.
②你有一封信要写吗？
Have yu gt a letter _________?
③ 明天举办的会议很重要.
The meeting __________ tmrrw is f vital imprtance.
5. 不定式作状语 (adverbial)
(1)做目的状语，常用的结构：t d ; in rder t d; s as t d
①As we all knw, an astrnaut needs t be healthy and calm in rder t wrk in space.
② I trained fr a lng time t fly airplanes as a fighter pilt.
(2) 做结果状语: 表示出乎意料的结果，其前面时常有副词nly. 常用于以下结构：nly t…
③They lift a rck nly t drp it n their wn feet.
④We hurried t the train statin nly ___________ the train had left. （tell）
高考链接：不定式和现在分词作结果状语的区别
. The ld man returned hme nly t find that his daughter had gt married.
. He died frm a sudden traffic accident，leaving his family even wrse ff.
(3)不定式做原因状语：
一般用在be+ adj. (表情感）后：说明产生这种情绪的原因.
. We were surprised t find that he had already left.
. She was disappinted t learn the news.
6. 不定式作宾补 (bject cmplement)
1) 动词 + 宾语（sb./sth.) + t d sth.
My mum asks me _________________tw hurs n a daily basis.
常用的动词有：ask; allw; advise; want; tell; rder; teach; expect, require; cause; frce ; permit ; encurage; urge；enable；warn; frbid; get; invite; persuade; remind; call n; depend n
2、动词+宾语+不带t的不定式
感官动词：一感：feel 二听：hear, listen t 五看：see, ntice, watch, lk at, bserve
使役动词let, make, have
注意：◆但当以上的动词用于被动式，t要还原：
They saw the by fall suddenly frm the tree.
The by was seen _______ suddenly frm the tree.
Practice:
1. Let him _______ the wrk at nce. (finish / t finish)
2. D yu like listening t ther peple______? (talk / talking/t talk )
3. Jim was seen _________the rm. (enter /t enter )
4. Her stry made us laugh. (改成被动句）
PART 3: 动词不定式的基本形式
不定式的语态
. It is a privilege fr me ______________ t attend the meeting. (invite)
. Everyne likes the her__________________ (praise).
. He is very pleased t _______________ _(give)a chance t g abrad.
主动形式表被动意义的不定式 !
1. 主语＋be + adj.+ t d
能用于此句型的形容词有：difficult , easy, cmfrtable, fit, hard, pleasant, nice, gd, interesting, heavy, dangerus, etc.
★ The questin is very easy t answer.
★ The man is difficult t deal with.
★ The mrning air is s gd t breathe.
2. with sth t d (with复合结构)
With a lt f difficult prblems ________ (settle), the newly elected president is having hard time.
3. want/need/require/deserve + ding / t be dne
The huse requires / needs / wants repairing.
= ______________________________________________________________
PART 4: Cnslidatin:
一、语法填空。
1. Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，prud Irene declared she had n plans
_________ (retire) frm her 36-year-ld business. (2019·全国II卷)
2. Mdem methds f tracking plar bear ppulatins have been emplyed nly since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _________ (perfrm) cnsistently ver a large area. ((2019·全国I卷))
3. Her jb was ________ (lk) after the sick by.
4. Using current technlgy, it wuld take ver tw years ________ (get) t the clsest planet.
5. I didn't mean _________（eat）anything but the ice cream lked s gd that I culdn’t help_______(try) it. (2018天津)
6. He is thught __________ _(act) flishly. Nw he has n ne but himself t blame fr lsing the jb.(2018·江西)
7. The prject_________________ by the end f 2021, will expand the city's telephne netwrk .(accmplish)
8. Fat and salt are very imprtant parts f a diet. They are required ____________(prcess) the fd that we eat.(2017全国)
9. I’ve wrked with children befre, s I knw what __________ in my new jb. (expect)
10. Anxiusly, she tk the dress ut f the package and tried it n, nly ___________(find) it didn’t fit.(2019天津)
11. I feel it exciting _______ (see) the mvie wlf warrirs which Wu Jing directed and starred in.
12. Yu appear ______________ (travel) t quite a lt f places arund the wrld.
二、句子翻译。
1.在2003年，中国成为世界上第三个独立自主地把人类送入太空的国家。（the third ….t d）
2.他们制造运载工具，把勇敢的人们带到太空去发现宇宙的秘密。(t d)
3. 有人看见小偷进了银行。（被动语态）
4.按时交电费很重要，因为晚交电费可能会影响你的信誉。（it ）
5.新技术使快速生产新产品成为可能。(make it pssible t d)
6.教育的目的是培养孩子好的品格。（ t d...）决定学好，（就）设法努力 decide/determine, learn , manage, try
拒绝承诺；（就）假装同意； refuse, prmise, pretend, agree
想要帮忙，（就）选好计划 want, help, chse, plan
希望关心；（就）主动等待 hpe/wish/expect, ffer, wait
碰巧威胁，（也）不能付钱 happen, fail, affrd
形式
主动
被动
一般式
进行式
完成式