高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration精品测试题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration精品测试题，文件包含人教版2019高中英语必修第三册Unit4《SpaceExploration》DiscoveringUsefulStructures分层练习原卷docx、人教版2019高中英语必修第三册Unit4《SpaceExploration》DiscoveringUsefulStructures分层练习解析卷docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共14页， 欢迎下载使用。

一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．The party is a chance fr friends and family (cngratulate) the persn n the new hme.
2．Taking part in sme grup activities is a gd way t (strength) friendships.
3．It was Oct 16th, 2021, when the shenzhu XIII was successfully launched, with Wang Yaping, the first Chinese female astrnaut (carry) ut a space walk.
4．The first (give) us the lecture is a famus histrian cming frm England.
5．As the immune system weakens, it lses the ability (fight) illnesses.
6．Failure (cmply) with the regulatins will result in prsecutin.
7．Despite difficulties he still made a reslutin (prceed) with envirnmental causes.
8．One f the benefits f the Internet was its ability (remve) the distance that usually exists between peple.
9．Xu Haifeng is the first Chinese athlete (get) Olympic gld medal.
10．The building (build) next year will be a gym.
11．We’re never ging t have enugh time (explre) everything!
12．I have nthing (say) n this questin.
13．The next train (arrive) was frm New Yrk.
14．Yu are the nly persn in ur class (admit) int Peking University.
15．The huse (build) next week here will be ur new library.
16．Des the way yu thught f (clean) the river make any sense?
17． (address) the prblems, Yan imprved Dai’s papermaking technlgy, thus saving prductin time and reducing labr csts.
18．I wrk like crazy in the summer and part-time (cver) mst f my csts.
19． (help) slve the prblem, we have raised sme mney and are helping train technical wrkers.
20．Indeed a lt f skillful methds are used in many advertisements (cheat) cnsumers, but nt all ads play tricks n us.
21．We walked miles t see him, nly (find) that he had just left fr the cuntryside.
22．The plants generate enugh energy (pwer) a twn f 6,000 peple.
23．I was shcked (hear) that a large number f panglins (穿山甲) were being killed fr their medical value.
24．I was nt surprised (learn)that the building had fallen dwn, fr it was built n sand.
25．D nt feel ashamed (ask)simple questins.
26．I am delighted (infrm) yu that this year’s music festival will be held shrtly.
27．He is pleased (give) up the lifestyle f a rich man.
28．The advantages are plain (see),s yu dn’t need t hesitate.
29．I am very delighted (teach) yu smething abut Tang pems.
30．I’m srry (keep) yu waiting here fr s lng a time.
1．t cngratulate
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会。分析句子结构可知，空处需要动词不定式作chance的定语。故填t cngratulate。
2．strengthen
【详解】考查不定式。句意：参加一些团体活动是加强友谊的好方法。way后用不定式作后置定语，因此空格处是动词原形，strength的动词是strengthen，意为“加强”，故填strengthen。
3．t carry
【详解】考查非谓语动词；句意：2021年10月16日，神舟十三号载着王亚平成功发射升空，她是第一位进行太空行走的中国女宇航员。分析句子结构可知，carry为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词astrnaut，当名词前有序数词the first修饰时，其后使用不定式作定语，故填t carry。
4．t give
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：第一个给我们演讲的是一位来自英国的著名历史学家。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式t d作后置定语修饰The first，The first t d“第一个做……”为惯用表达。故填t give。
5．t fight
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着免疫系统的衰弱，它就失去了对抗疾病的能力。名词ability后跟不定式作后置定语。故填t fight。
6．t cmply
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不遵守规定将被起诉。此处为非谓语，应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词Failure，failure t d sth意为“未做某事”。故填t cmply。
7．t prceed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管困难重重，他仍决心继续从事环保事业。名词reslutin后常跟动词不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的决心”，因此空处应用prceed的不定式形式。故填t prceed。
8．t remve
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：互联网的好处之一是它能够消除人们之间通常存在的距离。ability t d...意为“做……的能力”，不定式作后置定语。故填t remve。
9．t get
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：徐海峰是第一位获得奥运金牌的中国运动员。Chinese athlete由the first修饰，athlete后用不定式作后置定语。故填t get。
10．t be built
【详解】考查动词不定式的被动语态。句意：明年要建的大楼将是一个体育馆。根据next year可知，此处应用t d不定式表示将要作后置定语。动词build意为“建造”，和主语构成被动关系。故填t be built。
11．t explre
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：我们永远不会有足够的时间去探索一切！分析句子可知，表示“有足够的时间做某事”应用短语have enugh time t d sth。故填t explre。
12．t say
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：关于这个问题，我无话可说。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，因空白处表示的是一个指向将来的的不确定的动作，使用动词不定式，故填t say。
13．t arrive
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：下一班到达的火车是从纽约来的。名词train被the next修饰，所以应用动词不定式作后置定语。动词arrive意为“到达”。故填t arrive。
14．t be admitted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你是我们班唯一被北大录取的人。名词persn前有nly修饰，故此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，且动词admit和主语Yu之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式，故填t be admitted。
15．t be built
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：下周在这里建的房子将是我们的新图书馆。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词will be，空处应用非谓语动词，The huse与build为被动关系，且由句意和next week可知，这里应用不定式的被动形式作定语，修饰名词huse。故填t be built。
16．t clean
【详解】考查不定式。句意：你想的清理河流的方法有意义吗？省略关系代词的限制性定语从句yu thught f修饰way，way t d sth. (做某事的方法)，clean用不定式形式作定语。故填t clean。
17．T address
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了解决这些问题，Yan改进了Dai的造纸技术，从而节省了生产时间，降低了劳动力成本。根据句意，表示目的性，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填T address。
18．t cver
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我在夏天拼命工作，做兼职来支付大部分开销。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“wrk”,故空处需填非谓语动词，结合句意可知，我拼命工作的目的是去支付大部分开销。故用动词不定式作目的状语。故填t cver。
19．T help
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助解决这个问题，我们筹集了一些资金，正在帮助培训技术工人。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填T help。
20．t cheat
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，许多广告都使用了很多巧妙的方法来欺骗消费者，但并不是所有的广告都在欺骗我们。be used t d sth“被用来干某事”是固定句式，不定式作目的状语。故填t cheat。
21．t find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们走了好几里路去看他，却发现他刚下乡去了。分析句子可知，空处表示前一句的结果，且为意外的结果，放在nly后，用不定式作结果状语。故填t find。
22．t pwer
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些工厂产生的能量足以为一个拥有6000人的小镇供电。本句谓语为generate，此处应用非谓语动词，故应用pwer“驱动，供应电力”的不定式形式，作结果状语。故填t pwer。
23．t hear
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听说大量穿山甲因其药用价值而被杀害，我感到震惊。形容词shcked后应用动词不定式作状语，表示原因。故填t hear。
24．t learn
【详解】考查动词不定式作原因状语。句意：听说那栋楼倒了，我并不感到惊讶，因为它是建在沙子上的。固定搭配：be surprised t d sth.“惊讶地做某事”，其中动词不定式作原因状语。故答案为t learn。
25．t ask
【详解】考查不定式。句意：不要羞于问简单的问题。feel ashamed t d sth意为“不好意思做某事”，不定式作原因状语，故填t ask。
26．t infrm
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我很高兴地通知大家，今年的音乐节即将举行。此处考查短语be delighted t d sth，意为“高兴做某事”，设空处为动词不定式，作原因状语。故填t infrm。
27．t give/t have given
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他很高兴放弃(了)富人的生活方式。根据前文He is pleased可知，形容词后应用动词不定式作状语，表示原因，此处也可以用不定式的完成式，强调动作发生在谓语动作之前。故填t give/t have given。
28．t see
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：优点显而易见，所以你不需要犹豫。形容词后用不定式作状语，构成固定句型be +adj.+t d，意为“做……事情是怎么样的”，且主语与不定式是动宾关系，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义，plain t see“显而易见”固定短语。故填t see。
29．t teach
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很高兴能教你一些关于唐诗的知识。be delighted t d sth“高兴干某事”是固定短语，动词不定式作原因状语。故填t teach。
30．t keep
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我很抱歉，让你在这儿等了这么长时间。分析可知，“_______ (keep) yu waiting here fr s lng a time”为之前“srry(抱歉的)”的原因，此处用动词不定式做原因状语。故填t keep。
学科素养提升
二、阅读理解
A
Russia is launching a new mdule (舱), Nauka, fr the Internatinal Space Statin (ISS) after ver a decade f delays. The ISS cmprises mdules and equipment frm different space agencies including Eurpe, Japan and Canada. Still, the main part f the statin is cmpsed f tw main sectins: a Russian segment (部分) and a US segment.
The Nauka mdule is set t lift ff frm Baiknur Csmdrme in Kazakhstan n tp f a Prtn-M rcket at arund 1500 GMT, alng with a new rbtic arm fr the statin created by the Eurpean Space Agency. At 13 metres lng and weighing mre than 20 tnnes, Nauka, als called the Multipurpse Labratry Mdule, will be amng the largest in Russia’s half. After launch, Nauka will take eight days t reach the ISS. Once attached, it will act as a new hub fr the Russian segment f the statin.
“Nauka is a science labratry, and it als prvides a lt f imprtant service systems, including a new tilet and sleeping cmpartments fr the crew,” says Anatly Zak, editr f RussianSpaceWeb.cm. “It’s a step in making the Russian segment mre independent (frm the US segment).”
The launch f Nauka has been a lng time cming, with cnstructin f the mdule beginning in the 1990s. Technical and supply issues since then have seen develpment stumble(绊倒). “It’s much mre cmplex than anything the Russian space prgramme has tried t build in the last few years,” says Zak.
31．What des paragraph 2 mainly talk abut?
A．The histry and task f the ISS.
B．The missin and rle f Nauka.
C．The functin f the new rbtic arm.
D．The difficulties f launching a mdule.
32．What des Zak think f Nauka?
A．It serves as the new center f the ISS.
B．It has a relatively cmprehensive system.
C．It pushes Russia t build a separate space statin.
D．It takes the lead in space explratin in the wrld.
33．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．It takes great time and effrt t develp Nauka.
B．There is s much t explre and discver in space.
C．Russia still needs America’s help in space technlgy.
D．Nauka is the fruit f lng-term cperatin between cuntries.
34．Which sectin f a magazine is this text prbably taken frm?
A．Sprts and health.
B．Educatin and culture.
C．Nature and gegraphy.
D．Science and technlgy.
B
In America, we ften regard Sally Ride as the first female astrnaut (宇航员). But the first wman in space is actually a Sviet astrnaut wh beat ut 400 applicants t pilt the Vstk 6 spacecraft in 1963—twenty years befre Ride tk her histric spaceflight.
There was nthing in Valentina Tereshkva’s early life that shwed she wuld becme a space pineer. Tereshkva finished schl at age 16 and went t wrk t help supprt her family. She seemed t fllw her mther’s ftsteps as a textile factry wrker, except ne interest: skydiving. By the time she was 22, she was jumping ut f a plane pretty regularly. And then came the space race.
By 1962, the cmpetitin t get int space had been starting between the Sviet Unin and the United States fr abut seven years. The tw cuntries, in an effrt t d better than the ther in explring space, had each launched men int space.
During the space race, the Sviet Unin and the U. S. cnstantly tried t be better. After putting a man in space, the bvius next step was t send a wman int space. The Sviet Unin’s lead spacecraft designer, Sergey Krlyv, is said t have been helpful in the decisin. There are rumrs (传言) that the Sviet Unin knew that the U. S. was planning t send a wman t space and wanted t beat the Americans.
Inspired by Gagarin’s flight, Tereshkva wrte t the Sviet authrities (当局) hping fr any future training prgram fr female astrnauts. The authrities answered and in early 1962 she became ne f just five wmen accepted fr astrnaut training. On June 16, 1963, Tereshkva tk ff, eventually circling the Earth 48 times ver the curse f almst three days and securing her place in histry as the first wman t leave the Earth’s atmsphere.
35．When did Sally Ride g int space?
A．In 1963.B．In 1973.C．In 1983.D．In 1993.
36．Why did Tereshkva chse t be a textile factry wrker?
A．Because she thught highly f her mther.
B．Because she had t give a hand t her family.
C．Because she wanted t save mney fr the space race.
D．Because she was allwed t d skydiving.
37．What did Tereshkva d n knwing a wman t be sent t space?
A．She suggested sme training prgram fr wmen.
B．She refused the Sviet authrities’ invitatin.
C．She intrduced herself t the training prgram.
D．She annunced she wuld be the first wman in space.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kjell Lindgren wanted t be an astrnaut fr as lng as he culd remember. He spent much f his childhd abrad with his family n several U. S. Air Frce 38 (base). “The idea f becming an astrnaut by serving as an Air Frce test pilt seemed like the path 39 I needed t fllw,” says Lindgren.
Lindgren’s hpes f becming an astrnaut, thugh, wuld cme t 40 sudden stp when he was diagnsed with asthma (哮喘), a serius disease, after 41 (graduate) frm the U. S. Air Frce Academy. The Air Frce decided t 42 (medical) fire him.
S Lindgren came t a medical schl, eventually specializing in emergency medicine. As part f his training, he 43 (test) fr asthma again. This time, the tests said that he didn’t have the cnditin. Lindgren was 44 (please) because his dreams f spaceflight returned.
Lindgren wrked as a flight dctr at NASA, treating crews that were preparing fr spaceflight. Then, in 2009, he was selected as a NASA astrnaut. Since then, Lindgren 45 (fly) int space twice. On his trip abard the Internatinal Space Statin in 2022, he served as the cmmander fr SpaceX Crew 4 46 170 days. Lindgren is nw a member f the Artemis Team, a grup f scientists and astrnauts wrking tgether 47 (send) peple back t the Mn in 2024.
31．B 32．B 33．A 34．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了俄罗斯将把一个新的太空舱发射到国际空间站。
31．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The Nauka mdule is set t lift ff frm Baiknur Csmdrme in Kazakhstan n tp f a Prtn-M rcket at arund 1500 GMT, alng with a new rbtic arm fr the statin created by the Eurpean Space Agency. At 13 metres lng and weighing mre than 20 tnnes, Nauka, als called the Multipurpse Labratry Mdule, will be amng the largest in Russia’s half. After launch, Nauka will take eight days t reach the ISS. Once attached, it will act as a new hub fr the Russian segment f the statin.(Nauka太空舱将于格林尼治标准时间1500左右从哈萨克斯坦拜科努尔航天发射场搭载质子-M火箭升空，同时搭载欧洲航天局为空间站创建的新机械臂。Nauka，也称为多用途实验室模块，长13米，重20多吨，将是俄罗斯一半地区最大的模块之一。发射后，Nauka将需要八天时间到达国际空间站。一旦连接，它将成为空间站俄罗斯段的新枢纽)”可知，本段主要讲述了新发射的太空舱的使命以及它的作用。故选B。
32．推理判断题。根据第三段的““Nauka is a science labratry, and it als prvides a lt f imprtant service systems, including a new tilet and sleeping cmpartments fr the crew,” says Anatly Zak, editr f RussianSpaceWeb.cm.(RussianSpaceWeb.cm的编辑Anatly Zak说：“Nauka是一个科学实验室，它还为机组人员提供了许多重要的服务系统，包括一个新的厕所和睡眠舱”)”可知，Nauka集科研与服务为一体；由此可推测出，这是一个综合性太空舱。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The launch f Nauka has been a lng time cming, with cnstructin f the mdule beginning in the 1990s. Technical and supply issues since then have seen develpment stumble (绊倒). “It’s much mre cmplex than anything the Russian space prgramme has tried t build in the last few years,” says Zak.(Nauka的推出已经有很长一段时间了，太空舱的建设始于20世纪90年代。从那时起，技术和供应问题导致了发展的停滞。“这比俄罗斯太空计划在过去几年中试图建造的任何东西都要复杂得多。”)”可知，Nauka太空舱的建设始于20世纪90年代，但它经历了许多问题，而且它还比以前制造的东西要复杂。由此可推知，开发Nauka需要花费大量的时间和精力。故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Russia is launching a new mdule (舱), Nauka, fr the Internatinal Space Statin (ISS) after ver a decade f delays.(经过十多年的延误，俄罗斯正在为国际空间站发射一个新的太空舱Nauka)”可知，本文主要介绍了俄罗斯把一个新的太空舱发射到国际空间站。所以这篇文章最有可能出自杂志的“科学与技术”板块。故选D。
35．C 36．B 37．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。介绍了世界上第一位女航天员——苏联的Valentina Tereshkva。
35．细节理解题。根据第一段“But the first wman in space is actually a Sviet astrnaut wh beat ut 400 applicants t pilt the Vstk 6 spacecraft in 1963—twenty years befre Ride tk her histric spaceflight.(但第一位进入太空的女性实际上是一名苏联宇航员，她在1963年击败了400名申请者，成为东方6号宇宙飞船的驾驶员，比莱德进行历史性太空飞行早了20年)”可知，Valentina Tereshkva在1963年进入太空，20年后，美国女宇航员Sally Ride成功进入太空，即在1983年进入太空。故选C。
36．细节理解题。根据第二段“Tereshkva finished schl at age 16 and went t wrk t help supprt her family.(捷列什科娃在16岁时完成学业，并开始工作以帮助养家)”可知，她做纺织女工是为了帮助养家。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Inspired by Gagarin’s flight, Tereshkva wrte t the Sviet authrities (当局) hping fr any future training prgram fr female astrnauts.(受到加加林飞行的启发，捷列什科娃写信给苏联当局，希望未来能有女性宇航员的培训项目)”可知，Tereshkva受Gagarin的鼓舞，给苏联当局写信希望参加未来女宇航员的训练。故选C。
38．bases 39．that/which 40．a 41．graduating 42．medically 43．was tested 44．pleased 45．has flwn 46．fr 47．t send
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。克杰尔·林德格伦是美国国家航空航天局宇航员队伍中的一名重要成员。文章主要介绍了他成为一名宇航员的曲折经历。
38．考查名词复数。句意：他童年的大部分时间都和家人在国外的几个美国空军基地度过。此空前的several说明此空应该用复数形式。故填bases。
39．考查定语从句。句意：林德格伦说:“当一名空军试飞员，成为一名宇航员的想法似乎是我需要遵循的道路。”定语从句修饰先行词path，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物。故填that/which。
40．考查冠词。句意：然而，从美国空军学院毕业后，林德格伦被诊断出患有严重的哮喘，他成为一名宇航员的希望戛然而息。stp在这里作可数名词单数，前面应该用不定冠词，且sudden是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，从美国空军学院毕业后，林德格伦被诊断出患有严重的哮喘，他成为一名宇航员的希望戛然而息。介词after后面应该用动词-ing形式。故填graduating。
42．考查副词。句意：空军决定从医学角度解雇他。修饰动词fire，应用副词medically。故填medically。
43．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：作为训练的一部分，他再次接受了哮喘检查。he和test之间是被动关系，此件事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was tested。
44．考查形容词。句意：这一次，检查结果显示他没有这种情况。林德格伦很高兴，因为他的太空飞行梦想又回来了。主语是Lindgren，此处表示“Lindgren感到高兴”，因此用-ed形式的形容词作表语。故填pleased。
45．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：从那以后，林德格伦两次进入太空。此句中的时间状语Since then说明此空应该用现在完成时。主语是Lindgren，是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has flwn。
46．考查介词。句意：在2022年登上国际空间站的旅程中，他担任了170天的SpaceX Crew 4指挥官。表示过去的一段时间内应用介词fr。故填fr。
47．考查非谓语动词。句意：林德格伦现在是阿尔忒弥斯团队的成员，这是一个由科学家和宇航员组成的团队，他们共同努力，在2024年将人类送回月球。此处动词不定式作状语表示目的。故填t send。