四川省成都市2023_2024学年高二英语上学期10月月考题含解析

这是一份四川省成都市2023_2024学年高二英语上学期10月月考题含解析，共23页。试卷主要包含了 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上等内容，欢迎下载使用。

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第一部分听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When des the cnversatin take place?
A. In the mrning. B. At nn. C. In the evening.
2. What are the speakers discussing?
A. The place fr lunch. B. Their dinner plans. C. The wman’s breakfast.
3. Why is the wman upset?
A. She is laughed at by her neighbr.
B. She is misunderstd by her neighbr.
C. She is wrried abut her neighbr.
4 Where will the speakers prbably g tnight?
A. T the restaurant. B. T the supermarket. C. T the cinema.
5. Hw des the wman prbably feel right nw?
A. Panicked. B. Relaxed. C. Disappinted.
第二节 (共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，完成以下小题。
6. Where are the speakers prbably?
A. At hme. B. At a restaurant. C. At Susans huse.
7. Wh is Susan prbably?
A. Mrs. Jhnsn’s sister. B. A babysitter. C. A waitress.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What is the prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Waiter and custmer. C. Bss and emplyee.
9. Hw many peple have the meal tgether?
A. One. B. Tw. C. Three.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What is the cnversatin mainly abut?
A. What gifts t buy fr families.
B. Hw t celebrate Thanksgiving.
C. What t eat at the dinner party.
11. Where will the wman spend her Thanksgiving?
A. At her hme. B. At her mther’s. C. At the man’s.
12. What fd is mre ppular in the wman’s family?
A. Mashed ptates. B. Fruit salads. C. Pumpkin pie.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. Wh is the man?
A. A reprter. B. A student. C. A teacher.
14. Hw did the man knw abut the wman?
A. Frm his chemistry teacher.
B. Frm a ppular magazine.
C. Frm his friends.
15. What des the man invite the wman t d?
A. Watch a shrt mvie. B. Have a bat trip. C. Visit his rm.
16. What is the similarity between the speakers?
A. They are unfamiliar with the campus.
B. They bth knw the shrt cuts here.
C. They are gd at reading maps.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What is the speech mainly abut?
A. Hw t make gd impressins.
B. Hw first impressins are frmed.
C. Hw t avid bad first impressins.
18. Which makes up the mst percentage?
A. Hw yu lk. B. Hw yu sund. C. What yu say.
19. Hw lng d peple get first impressins?
A. Within 7 secnds. B. Within 10 secnds. C. Within 17 secnds.
20. What can we learn frm the speech?
A. First impressins can’t be changed easily.
B. What yu say is mre imprtant than hw yu sund.
C. It’s nt s hard t change the wrng impressin.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
City Infrmatin Sheet
The city has several services and events each year that may interest yu and are listed belw:
•The city has an Animal Cntrl Office that enfrces laws fr dgs and cats running at large in the city. All dgs and cats are required t be leashed (系住) unless they are kept inside yur huse. Yu can cntact Dispatch t reprt animals running withut the wner’s cmpany.
•Each family is allwed tw tw-day yard sales per calendar year. Yu dn’t have t get a permit befre yu hld a yard sale in the city limits.
•The city requires anyne ding business in the city t first btain a business license. This license can be btained frm the City Hall.
Spring Cleanup — Held fr ne week in spring each year. Citizens may place unwanted furniture at the rad edge in frnt f their lcatin and the Spring Cleanup Crew (SCC) will remve them at the end f the event. If any nnresident is putting garbage at yur address r in yur neighbrhd, please get the license plate number and descriptin f the vehicles. Call City Cuncil Center at 270-265-2501 t reprt it. The SCC is nt authrized t take yur garbage, s please place yur daily garbage in the prper trash can.
Harvest Festival — Street festival with live music, children's activities, fd stands, arts and crafts, fashin clthing and much, much mre! The festival is spnsred by the Cmmunity Alliance and is held annually n the first Saturday in Octber.
Leaf Pickup — During the mnth f Octber, citizens may take the leaves t the rad edge and the city will remve them. The machine will nt vacuum(吸走)up sticks.
Elktn Bike Night — Every Thursday night, currently frm May thrugh September, the city welcmes cycle enthusiasts frm arund the regin. Lcal fd stands set up, restaurants have specials and the Tdd Cunty Cmmunity Alliance prvides live entertainment such as live bands, karake r radi music. Even if yu are nt a cycle rider, everyne is welcme t jin us fr the free entertainment and fd!
1. Which rganizatin shuld yu reprt t when sptting a dg running alne utside?
A. Dispatch.B. Animal Cntrl Office.
C. City Cuncil Center.D. The Cmmunity Alliance.
2. Wh need t get a license frm the City Hall?
A. A cuple preparing t hld a yard sale.
B. A retired man planning t pen a bike shp.
C. A businessman rganising a charity event.
D. A neighbr placing the unwanted furniture.
3. Which f the fllwing statements abut events is true?
A. The city events cver all the seasns f a year.
B. Machines are used t cllect the leaves and sticks.
C. The fun f Elktn Bike Night is nt limited t cycling.
D. The SCC can take daily garbage away if prperly placed.
【答案】1. A2. B3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四种城市活动项目，体现了现代生活有章可循。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Yu can cntact Dispatch t reprt animals running withut the wner’s cmpany.(你可以联系Dispatch举报没有主人陪伴的动物)”可知，当你发现没有主人陪伴的动物，你可以联系Dispatch。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The city requires anyne ding business in the city t first btain a business license. This license can be btained frm the City Hall.(该市要求任何在该市经商的人首先获得营业执照。这执照可向市政厅申请)”可知，在该市经商的人需要获得营业执照。由此推知，B项A retired man planning t pen a bike shp.(一个打算开自行车店的退休男子)是需要执照的人。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Even if yu are nt a cycle rider, everyne is welcme t jin us fr the free entertainment and fd!(即使你不是自行车骑手，也欢迎加入我们的免费娱乐和美食！)”可知，Elktn Bike Night不止有自行车活动，还可以享受美食和娱乐。即Elktn Bike Night的乐趣不限于骑自行车。故选C。
B
One evening last summer, when I asked my 14 year ld sn, Ray, fr help with dinner, his respnse shcked me. “What’s a clander (漏勺)? ” he asked.
I culd nly blame myself. In the family, nbdy else’s hands went in the sauce except my wn. But that night, as I explained with a tuch f panic that a clander is the thing with hles in it, I wndered what else I hadn’t prepared Ray fr.
As parents, while we fcus n ur sns’ cnfidence and character, we perhaps dn’t always cnsider that we are als raising smene’s future rmmates, byfriends, husbands, r fathers. I wanted t knw that I’d raised a by wh wuld never ask the wman in his life, “What’s fr dinner?” S I came up with a plan: I wuld ffer Ray a private hme ecnmics curse. I was delighted t find that he didn’t say n. Fr tw hurs, three days a week, Ray was all mine. One day, as his tmat sauce reduced n the stve, he washed and seasned a chicken fr rasting. Then he rlled ut the piecrust (馅饼皮) and filled it with apples, all while listening t my explanatin n the imprtance f preheating an ven.
I knew that he wuld rather have been shting hps in the driveway than learning t mend scks with his mther — he tried t beg nt t have sewing lessns, even thugh I insisted that ne day, smene wuld find the sight f him fixing his wn shirt very attractive — but it culdn’t be denied that he was learning, and mre than just husekeeping. “I appreciate what yu d as a mm,” he tld me ne day. Ray nw understands the finer pints f cking, and mre imprtantly, he realizes there’s nthing masculine (男子气概的) abut being helpless.
Nw, nt nly can he make his wn dinner, but he can make a big meal fr his family. That’s what I call a man. I’m glad I prepared s great a present fr my future daughter in-law.
4. Why was the authr shcked at her sn’s respnse?
A. Because he was nt well behaved.
B. Because he refused t help with dinner.
C. Because he didn’t knw the cmmn kitchen tls.
D. Because he was very curius abut kitchen tls.
5. In the authr’s pinin, sme parents pay little attentin t _________.
A. building up children’s cnfidenceB. telling kids what is right and wrng
C. preparing children fr their future lifeD. making children live a hard life
6. We can infer frm the text that Ray _________.
A. made great prgress in ckingB. always thught husewrk interesting
C. preferred sewing t ckingD. was unwilling t learn cking at first
7. What wuld the authr like t cnvey in the text?
A. Useful educatin fr bys.B. The imprtance f husewrk.
C. Cking and sewing make bys masculine.D. Bys shuld be invlved in husewrk.
【答案】4. C5. C6. A7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，母亲震惊于儿子连漏勺都不认识，决心让儿子学家务，培养儿子成为一个真正的男人的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“One evening last summer, when I asked my 14 year ld sn, Ray, fr help with dinner, his respnse shcked me. “What’s a clander (漏勺)? ” he asked. (去年夏天的一个晚上，当我向14岁的儿子雷寻求晚餐帮助时，他的回答让我震惊。“漏勺是什么？”他问道)”可知，儿子对厨房里的基本用具不知道，这使作者感到吃惊。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段中“But that night, as I explained with a tuch f panic that a clander is the thing with hles in it, I wndered what else I hadn’t prepared Ray fr. (但那天晚上，当我带着一丝恐慌解释漏勺就是有洞的东西时，我想知道我还没有为雷做什么准备)”和第三段中“As parents, while we fcus n ur sns’ cnfidence and character, we perhaps dn’t always cnsider that we are als raising smene’s future rmmates, byfriends, husbands, r fathers. (作为父母，当我们关注儿子的自信和性格时，我们可能并不总是认为我们也在抚养某人未来的室友、男朋友、丈夫或父亲)”可知，有父母只关注孩子自信和性格的培养，结合作者儿子连漏勺都不认识，可知有父母忽视对孩子未来生活的准备。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段中“Nw, nt nly can he make his wn dinner, but he can make a big meal fr his family. (现在，他不仅可以自己做晚饭，还可以为家人做大餐)”可知，雷在烹饪方面取得了很大的进步。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，母亲震惊于儿子连漏勺都不认识，决心让儿子学家务，培养儿子成为一个真正的男人的故事，再结合最后一段中“That’s what I call a man. I’m glad I prepared s great a present fr my future daughter in-law. (这就是我所说的男人。我很高兴我为我未来的儿媳准备了这么好的礼物)”可知，作者认为男孩应该参与家务劳动。故选D项。
C
We’re n the edge f a new age f intercnnectedness, when the daily lives f peple acrss the planet will be mre clsely cnnected than ever. Advances in technlgy will lead in the age f fifth generatin, r 5G, telecmmunicatins. And this technlgical evlutin will lead t dramatic changes.
The first generatin f mbile cmmunicatins, with brick-sized phnes, brught just a handful f users expensive and ften unreliable vice calling. The secnd generatin intrduced digital vice service that was less likely t be drpped, available t many mre peple and finally cheaper t use. 3G led t a revlutin in the mbile Internet, mbile cmputing, and the increase f apps. 4G made it pssible that all we have cme t expect f mbile bradband. We take all this cnnectivity fr granted, but the engineering inside the device in yur bag r pcket tday wuld have seemed impssible less than 20 years ag.
S, where will 5G take us? Think abut a wrld in which nt just peple but all things are cnnected: cars t the rads they are n; dctrs t the persnal medical devices f their patients; augmented reality (AR) available t help peple shp and learn and explre wherever they are. This requires a massive increase in the level f cnnectivity. 5G is the technlgical answer, making pssible billins f new cnnectins, and making thse cnnectins secure. 5G will impact every industry — auts, healthcare, manufacturing and distributin, emergency services, just t name a few. And 5G is purpsely designed s that these industries can take advantage f cellular cnnectivity in ways that wuldn’t have been pssible befre, and t scale upwards as use f 5G expands.
But generatinal change in mbile cmmunicatins desn’t just appear vernight. It requires significant effrt in research and develpment and the resurces necessary t supprt that effrt. Wrk n 4G tk nearly a decade and the challenges were nt easy. There is prmise yet in what we’re capable f achieving.
8. What can we infer frm the first fur generatins?
A. 1G is big, expensive and stable.B. 2G is nt expensive fr the pr.
C. 3G allws the mbile t cnnect t the Internet.D. 4G is beynd all that we expect.
9. What des Paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A. 5G brings a revlutinary refrm.B. 5G benefits lts f industries.
C. 5G expands t fast t fllw.D. 5G requires high cnnectivity.
10. What can we cnclude frm the last paragraph?
A. Early birds catch the wrms.B. Rme was nt built in a day.
C. Knwledge starts with practice.D. Birds f a feather flck tgether.
11. What des the authr think f the generatinal change?
A. Significant and effective.B. Difficult and wrthless.
C. Challenging but prmising.D. Necessary but impssible.
【答案】8. C9. A10. B11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了5G的发展给人们的生活和社会的发展带来了巨大变化，对于未来5G技术的发展，作者认为这其中既有希望也有挑战。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段中“The first generatin f mbile cmmunicatins, with brick-sized phnes, brught just a handful f users expensive and ften unreliable vice calling. The secnd generatin intrduced digital vice service that was less likely t be drpped, available t many mre peple and finally cheaper t use. 3G led t a revlutin in the mbile Internet, mbile cmputing, and the increase f apps. 4G made it pssible that all we have cme t expect f mbile bradband. (第一代移动通信采用砖块大小的手机，只为少数用户带来了昂贵且往往不可靠的语音通话。第二代引入了数字语音服务，这种服务不太可能被放弃，可供更多人使用，最终使用成本更低。3G引领了移动互联网、移动计算和应用程序的发展。4G使我们所期待的移动宽带成为可能)”可知，1G体积大、价格昂贵、不稳定，A项“1G体积大、价格昂贵且稳定”错误；2G网络更便宜，但没有体现它对穷人来说也是廉价的，B项“2G对穷人来说并不昂贵”混淆概念，错误；4G只是达到了我们对移动宽带的所有期望，D项“4G超出了我们的预期”过于绝对，错误；3G使得移动设备可接入网络，可使用的软件也随之增多。故选C项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。由第三段中“S, where will 5G take us? (那么，5G将把我们带向何方？)”和“5G is the technlgical answer, making pssible billins f new cnnectins, and making thse cnnectins secure. 5G will impact every industry — auts, healthcare, manufacturing and distributin, emergency services, just t name a few. And 5G is purpsely designed s that these industries can take advantage f cellular cnnectivity in ways that wuldn’t have been pssible befre, and t scale upwards as use f 5G expands. (5G是技术上的答案，它使数十亿的新连接成为可能，并使这些连接安全。5G将影响每一个行业——汽车、医疗保健、制造和分销、应急服务等等。5G的设计是为了让这些行业能够以以前不可能的方式利用蜂窝连接，并随着5G使用的扩大而扩大规模)”可知，本段主要讲述的是5G技术给人类生活带来的巨大变化。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段中“But generatinal change in mbile cmmunicatins desn’t just appear vernight. (但移动通信代际变化并不是一蹴而就的)”可知，通信技术的变革不是一夜之间发生的，B选项“罗马不是一天建成的”正确；A选项意为“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”，C选项意为“实践出真知”，D选项意为“物以类聚”，均不符合文意。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段中“Wrk n 4G tk nearly a decade and the challenges were nt easy. There is prmise yet in what we’re capable f achieving. (4G的工作花了近十年的时间，挑战并不容易。我们能够实现的目标还有希望)”可知，未来的变革既有挑战也充满希望。故选C项。
D
A rbt with a sense f tuch may ne day feel “pain”, bth its wn physical pain and sympathy fr the pain f its human cmpanins. Such tuchy-feely rbts are still far ff, but advances in rbtic tuch-sensing are bringing that pssibility clser t reality.
Sensrs set in sft, artificial skin that can detect bth a gentle tuch and a painful strike have been hked up t a rbt that can then signal emtins, Asada reprted February 15 at the annual meeting f the American Assciatin fr the Advancement f Science. This artificial “pain nervus system,” as Asada calls it, may be a small building blck fr a machine that culd ultimately experience pain. Such a feeling might als allw a rbt t “sympathize” with a human cmpanin’s suffering.
Asada, an engineer at Osaka University, and his clleagues have designed tuch sensrs that reliably pick up a range f tuches. In a rbt system named Affett, a realistic lking child’s head, these tuch and pain signals can be cnverted t emtinal facial expressins.
A tuch-sensitive, sft material, as ppsed t a rigid metal surface, allws richer interactins between a machine and the wrld, says neurscientist Kingsn Man f the University f Suthern Califrnia. Artificial skin “allws the pssibility f engagement in truly intelligent ways”.
Such a system, Asada says, might ultimately lead t rbts that can recgnize the pain f thers, a valuable skill fr rbts designed t help care fr peple in need, the elderly, fr instance.
But there is an imprtant distinctin between a rbt that respnds in a predictable way t a painful strike and a rbt that’s able t cmpute an internal feeling accurately, says Damasi, a neurscientist als at the University f Suthern Califrnia. A rbt with sensrs that can detect tuch and pain is “alng the lines f having a rbt, fr example, that smiles when yu talk t it,” Damasi says. ‘It’s a device fr cmmunicatin f the machine t a human.” While that’s an interesting develpment, “it’s nt the same thing” as a rbt designed t cmpute sme srt f internal experience, he says.
12. What d we knw abut the “pain nervus system”?
A. It is named Affett by scientists.B. It is a set f cmplicated sensrs.
C. It is able t signal different emtins.D. It cmbines sensrs and artificial skin.
13. What des the underlined wrd “cnverted” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Delivered.B. Translated.C. Attached.D. Adapted.
14. What des Damasi cnsider as an interesting develpment?
A. Rbts can smile when talked t.
B. Rbts can talk t human beings.
C. Rbts can cmpute internal feelings
D. Rbts can detect pains and respnd accrdingly.
15. What can be the best title f the text?
A. Machines Becme EmtinalB. Rbts Inch t Feeling Pain
C. Human Feelings Can Be FeltD. New Devices Tuch Yur Heart
【答案】12. D13. B14. D15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人触摸传感技术的进步使能感受“疼痛”的有触觉机器人正在成为可能。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sensrs set in sft, artificial skin that can detect bth a gentle tuch and a painful strike have been hked up t a rbt that can then signal emtins, Asada reprted February 15 at the annual meeting f the American Assciatin fr the Advancement f Science. This artificial “pain nervus system,” as Asada calls it (Asada在2月15日举行的美国科学促进会年会上报告说，在柔软的人造皮肤上安装的传感器可以检测到温柔的触摸和痛苦的打击，并与机器人相连，然后发出情绪信号。Asada称其为人工“疼痛神经系统”，)”可知，“疼痛神经系统”结合了传感器和人造皮肤。故选D项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“In a rbt system named Affett, a realistic lking child’s head, these tuch and pain signals can be cnverted t emtinal facial expressins. (在一个名为Affett机器人系统中，这些触摸和疼痛信号可以______为情感的面部表情。)”由提到Affett的机器人系统关于这些触摸和疼痛信号和情感的面部表情的关系，可知，划线词cnverted意为“转化”。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“A rbt with sensrs that can detect tuch and pain is “alng the lines f having a rbt, fr example, that smiles when yu talk t it,” Damasi says. ‘It’s a device fr cmmunicatin f the machine t a human.” While that’s an interesting develpment, “it’s nt the same thing” as a rbt designed t cmpute sme srt f internal experience, he says. (Damasi说，一个装有传感器的机器人可以检测触摸和疼痛，“这就像一个机器人，当你和它说话时，它会微笑。它是机器和人类沟通的工具。”他说，虽然这是一个有趣的发展，但与设计用来计算某种内部体验的机器人“不是一回事”。)”可知，Damasi认为机器人可以检测疼痛并做出相应的反应是一个有趣的发展。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“A rbt with a sense f tuch may ne day feel “pain”, bth its wn physical pain and sympathy fr the pain f its human cmpanins. Such tuchy-feely rbts are still far ff, but advances in rbtic tuch-sensing are bringing that pssibility clser t reality. (有触觉的机器人有一天可能会感觉到“疼痛”，既能感觉到自己身体上的疼痛，也能对人类同伴的疼痛产生同情。这种情感机器人离我们还有很长的路要走，但机器人触摸传感技术的进步正使这种可能性更接近现实。)”以及下文的描述，可知，本文主要介绍了机器人触摸传感技术的进步使能感受“疼痛”的有触觉机器人正在成为可能，因此本文的最佳标题选项B“机器人慢慢地会感受疼痛”符合题意。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
第二节根据短文内容,从文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
Yu knw that eating healthy, staying active, and slving few brain games can help keep yur memry. But the fllwing lesser-knwn habits wrk wnders t.
___16___
When we sit with ur shulders bent frward, this defeated psitin actually causes us t feel anxius r depressed-which makes it harder t think clearly and remember things. On the cntrary, straight upright psture apparently imprves memry because it bsts bld and xygen flw t the brain.
Exercise
Having truble remembering faces？___17___ In a study, pictures f faces were shwn t lder flks after they pedal an indr bike at an intense pace r simply sit n a self-pedaling bike. On average, peple remembered the faces better after the intense exercise. What's mre, the memry gains after a single wrkut were similar t the gains after 3 mnths f regular exercise.
Limit TV
Every parent and grandparent has heard that t much screen time can hurt a child’s brain develpment. ___18___ Accrding t a study, peple（aged 50 r lder）wh watched mre than 3.5 hurs f TV a day fr 6 years experienced a greater drp in verbal memry test scres than thse wh watched less.
Draw aimlessly
A research shws thse wh drew the wrds remembered the mst when recalling wrds. That' s because while sme parts f brain abut getting memry back becme wrse as peple grw lder, the picture prcessing regins usually dn't. ___19___
Walk Backward
___20___ Walk back！ Backward mtin-whether real, imagined, r watched-helps peple remember the infrmatin better than sitting still and, in mst cases, better than frward mtin. It may be that mving backward in space mentally helps us mve back in time t the mment we learned smething.
A. Stand still.
B. Sit Straight.
C. Avid wrkuts.
D. Sweat fr physical training.
E. Thus drawing can help adults keep their memry sharp.
F. But what abut thse at the ther end f their life span？
G. Next time yu're trying t recall smething, dn't just think back.
【答案】16. B17. D18. F19. E20. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了保持大脑记忆功能的一些方法。
【16题详解】
文章第二段“When we sit with ur shulders bent frward, this defeated psitin actually causes us t feel anxius r depressed-which makes it harder t think clearly and remember things. On the cntrary, straight upright psture apparently imprves memry because it bsts bld and xygen flw t the brain.（当我们向前弯曲坐着时，这种姿势实际上会使我们感到焦虑或沮丧，这使得清晰思考和记住事情变得更加困难。相反，直立的姿势能明显提高记忆力，因为它能促进血液和氧气流向大脑。）” 可知，B项“坐直”能够概括本段内容，符合文意。并且该选项中的“sit”一词与下文一致，该段中的“straight upright”指的是坐姿要“端正”。故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Having truble remembering faces?（难以记住面孔吗？）”以及下文“In a study, pictures f faces were shwn t lder flks after they pedal a statinary bike at an intense pace r simply sit n a self-pedaling bike. On average, peple remembered the faces better after the intense exercise. What’s mre, the memry gains after a single wrkut were similar t the gains after 3 mnths f regular exercise.（在一项研究中，研究人员向老年人展示了他们在室内以高速度骑自行车或仅仅是坐在自动自行车上后的面部照片。平均而言，人们在剧烈运动后对面孔的记忆更好。更重要的是，一次锻炼后的记忆力增长与3个月的常规锻炼后相似。）”可知，D项“在进行体育锻炼时要出汗。”承上启下，符合文意。该选项是对前面问题的回答，通过锻炼可以使保持记忆力，空格后是在讲一个具体的锻炼方法及它所带来的好处。故选D项。
【18题详解】
通过上文“Every parent and grandparent has heard that t much screen time can hurt a child’s cgnitive develpment.（每个家长和祖父母都听说过对着荧幕时间过久会伤害孩子的认知发展。）”以及下文“Accrding t a study, peple (aged 50 r lder) wh watched mre than 3.5 hurs f TV a day fr 6 years experienced a greater drp in verbal memry test scres than thse wh watched less.（根据一项研究，年龄在50岁以上的人每天观看电视超过3.5个小时，如持续6年，其语言记忆力测试成绩的下降幅度要比收看较少的人更高。）”可知，F项“那年龄较大的人呢？”能够承上启下，并且该选项中的“thse at the ther end f their life span”指代的是下文的“peple (aged 50 r lder)”。故选F项。
【19题详解】
上文“A research shws thse wh drew the wrds remembered the mst when recalling wrds. That’s because while sme parts f the brain abut getting memry back becme wrse as peple grw lder, the picture prcessing regins usually dn’t.（一项研究表明，那些画字词的人对单词的记忆最深。那是因为随着人们年纪变大，大脑的某些部位的记忆功能变得更糟，而负责图片处理的大脑区域通常不会。）”说明画字词可以帮助人保持清晰的记忆，E项“因此，画字词可以帮助成年人保持清晰的记忆。”能够承接上文。并且该选项中的“sketching”与本段的标题中的“Draw”是同义词，意为描绘。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据设空处下文“Walk back! Backward mtin helps peple remember the infrmatin better than sitting still and, in mst cases, better than frward mtin.（向后走！向后运动比起静止不动并且在大多数情况下比向前运动更能帮助人们记住信息。）”可知，G项“下次您想回忆某件事时，不要只是通过大脑来回忆。”承接下文。而下文是对上文的具体解释。并且G项中的“back”与下文一致。故选G项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B，C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Cambridge University Library in Britain received a “gift” in early March. 2022. Smene ___21___ a pink gift bag near the building with a nte wishing the librarian a Happy Easter. Inside the bag was the “gift”: tw small ntebks frm the famus British naturalist Charles Darwin, wh is ___22___ fr his thery f evlutin. One f the ___23___ has a famus drawing in it called the “Tree f Life”. Darwin made the drawing in 1837.
The university talked abut the ___24___ n Tuesday. Cambridge believed the ntebks were ___25___ 20 years ag. They were first thught t be ___26___ inside the building after they were taken t be phtgraphed. But, after searching thrugh 10 millin bks, maps and dcuments, the university reprted the ntebks ___27___ t plice in 2020.
British investigatrs ntified plice arund the wrld, and a ___28___ began. The ntebks are valued at millins f dllars. They were ___29___ , hwever, in gd cnditin. Darwin’s ntebks cntained writings abut his famus trip arund the wrld n the ship H. M. S. Beagle. The research ___30___ his bk n evlutin called On the Origin f species.
Cambridge University Librarian Jessica Gardner said she was ___31___ t see the ntebks. But she said her true feelings were prfund and almst impssible t adequately express. Gardner said the ntebks wuld g back int the Darwin Archive. The library is als ___32___ t the wrks by scientists Stephen Hawking and Isaac Newtn.
The ntebks will be n ___33___ later this year in a Darwin shw at the library. Lcal plice said they are cntinuing t ___34___ wh may have taken the ntebks and asked fr help frm anyne wh has ___35___ abut the case.
21. A. presentedB. leftC. prvidedD. abandned
22. A. satisfiedB. interestedC. renwnedD. devted
23. A. giftsB. bagsC. wrksD. ntebks
24. A. incidentB. amusementC. librarianD. cnflict
25. A. cveredB. takenC. phtgraphedD. cpied
26. A. destryedB. survivingC. buriedD. missing
27. A. hiddenB. remvedC. stlenD. purchased
28. A. searchB. researchC. cnservatinD. trial
29. A. changedB. claimedC. returnedD. ffered
30. A. belnged tB. led tC. appealed tD. resulted t
31. A. cncernedB. embarrassedC. anxiusD. relieved
32. A. equalB. hmeC. reducedD. limited
33. A. balanceB. publicC. displayD. disgrace
34. A. lk intB. respnd tC. happen tD. prepare fr
35. A. cntentsB. newsC. imagesD. infrmatin
【答案】21. B22. C23. D24. A25. B26. D27. C28. A29. C30. B31. D32. B33. C34. A35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇报道。达尔文笔记本在失窃20年后回归剑桥大学。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人在大楼附近留下了一个粉色的礼物袋，上面有一张纸条祝图书管理员复活节快乐。A. presented呈现；B. left留下，离开；C. prvided提供；D. abandned抛弃。根据前文“The Cambridge University Library in Britain received a “gift” in early March. 2022.”可知，有人在大楼附近留下了一个礼物袋。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：包里是“礼物”：两个小笔记本，来自著名的英国博物学家查尔斯·达尔文，他以《进化论》而闻名。A. satisfied满意的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. renwned著名的；D. devted投入的。根据后文“fr his thery f evlutin”及常识，可知达尔文因他的《进化论》而出名。be renwned fr表示“因……而出名”。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一个笔记本上有一幅著名的画，叫做“生命之树”。A. gifts礼物；B. bags包；C. wrks作品；D. ntebks笔记本。根据上文“tw small ntebks”可知，礼物袋里面是笔记本，其中一个笔记本上有一幅著名的画。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该大学在周二谈到了这起事件。A.incident事件；B. amusement开心，娱乐；C. librarian图书管理员；D. cnflict冲突。此处指剑桥大学谈到了上文提到的“The Cambridge University Library in Britain received a “gift” in early March. ”这件事。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：剑桥大学认为这些笔记本是20年前被拿走的。A. cvered覆盖，包括；B. taken拿；C. phtgraphed拍照，摄影；D. cpied复制。根据后文“ they were taken t be phtgraphed”可知，上次拍照时这写笔记本被拿走了。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他们被拍照后，人们起初认为他们在大楼内失踪了。A.destryed被破坏的；B. surviving继续存在的，未死的；C. buried埋藏的；D. missing找不到的，丢失的。根据后文“after searching thrugh 10 millin bks, maps and dcuments”可知，人们认为这些笔记本丢了，所以进行了大量的寻找。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，在搜索了1000万册书籍、地图和文件后，该大学于2020年向警方报告了笔记本被盗。A. hidden隐藏；B. remved移开；C. stlen偷；D. purchased购买。根据前文“after searching thrugh 10 millin bks, maps and dcuments”可知，大学在找不到笔记后，向警察报告说这些笔记本被偷了。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：英国调查人员通知了世界各地的警方，并开始搜查。A.search搜索；B. research研究；C. cnservatin保护；D. trial审判，试验。根据前文“British investigatrs ntified plice arund the wrld”可知，警察被通知后，一场搜索开始了。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，它们被归还时情况良好。A. changed改变；B. claimed声称；C. returned归还；D. ffered提供。根据后文“hwever, in gd cnditin. ”可知，这些笔记本被完好的归还了。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这项研究促成了他关于进化论的著作《物种起源》。A. belnged t属于；B. led t导致，通向；C. appealed t吸引；D. resulted t导致。根据前文“Darwin’s ntebks cntained writings abut his famus trip arund the wrld n the ship H. M. S. Beagle”和后文“his bk n evlutin called On the Origin f species.”可知，研究促成（导致）了他的《物种起源》。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：剑桥大学图书管理员杰西卡·加德纳说，看到这些笔记本，她松了一口气。A. cncerned关心的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. anxius焦虑的；D. relieved放心的，宽慰的。根据语境和“But she said her true feelings were prfund and almst impssible t adequately express. ”可知，收到丢失了20年的达尔文的笔记本后，该大学的图书管理员非常欣慰。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该图书馆也是科学家斯蒂芬·霍金和艾萨克·牛顿作品的所在地。A. equal平等的；B. hme在主场进行的，国内的；C. reduced减少的；D. limited有限的。根据前文“als”和后文“ the wrks by scientists Stephen Hawking and Isaac Newtn”可知，这个图书馆——Darwin Archive（达尔文档案馆）还专门存放科学家斯蒂芬·霍金和艾萨克·牛顿的作品。be hme t意为“为……的所在地”。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些笔记本将于今年晚些时候在图书馆的达尔文展上展出。A.balance平衡；B. public公众；C. display展览；D. disgrace耻辱。根据后文“in a Darwin shw at the library”可知这些笔记本将会被展出。n display意为“展览”。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当地警方表示，他们正在继续调查谁可能拿走了这些笔记本，并向任何了解此案信息的人寻求帮助。A.lk int调查；B. respnd t对……做出回应；C. happen t碰巧；D. prepare fr为……做准备。根据后文“ wh may have taken the ntebks”可知，由于这些笔记是谁送来的仍然未知，所以警察们将继续调查。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地警方表示，他们正在继续调查谁可能拿走了这些笔记本，并向任何了解此案信息的人寻求帮助。A. cntents内容；B. news新闻，消息；C. images图像，形象；信息。D. infrmatin。根据前文“ asked fr help frm anyne”和后文“ abut the case”可知，警察将向任何了解此案信息的人寻求帮助。故选D项。
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Crying marriage? ____36____ (surprise), isn’t it? Factually, the custm f crying marriage existed a lng time ag in many areas f Suthwest China’s Sichuan Prvince, and ____37____ (remain) in fashin ____38____ the end f the Qing Dynasty. Thugh nt s ppular as befre, the custm is still bserved by peple in many places, especially Tujia peple, wh view it as a ____39____ (necessary) t marriage prcedure. It is very much ____40____ same in different places f the prvince. Accrding t elderly peple, every bride had t cry at the wedding. ____41____, the bride’s neighbrs wuld lk dwn upn ____42____ as a prly cultivated girl and she wuld becme the laughing stck f the village. In fact, there were cases ____43____ the bride was beaten by her mther fr nt crying at the wedding ceremny.
In a wrd, crying at wedding is a means by custm t set ff the happiness f the wedding thrugh falsely srrwful wrds. Hwever, in the ____44____ (arrange) marriages f the ld days f China, there were indeed quite a lt f brides wh cried ver their _____45_____ (satisfy) marriage and even their miserable life.
【答案】36. Surprising
37. remained
38. until##till
39. necessity
40. the41. Otherwise
42. her43. where
44. arranged
45. unsatisfying##unsatisfactry
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在中国四川省土家族的一项婚礼习俗——哭嫁。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：令人惊讶，不是吗？本处是省略句，省略了主语Crying marriage和系动词is，用修饰物的-ing形容词surprising (令人惊讶的)作表语，首字母大写。故填Surprising。
37题详解】
考查时态。句意：事实上，哭嫁的习俗在中国西南四川省的许多地区早就存在了，并一直流行到清末。结合谓语existed可知，事情已发生，并列谓语动词remain用一般过去时。故填remained。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：事实上，哭嫁的习俗在中国西南四川省的许多地区早就存在了，并一直流行到清末。结合句意，介词until/till (直到)符合。故填until/till。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：虽然不像以前那么流行，但许多地方的人们仍然遵守这一习俗，尤其是土家人，他们认为这是结婚程序的必要条件。结合不定冠词a，用名词单数necessity (必需的事物)作宾语。故填necessity。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：这个省的不同地方的情况基本相同。固定短语the same (一样、相同)。故填the。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：否则，新娘的邻居会看不起她，认为她是一个没有教养的女孩，她会成为村里的笑柄。结合上文“Accrding t elderly peple, every bride had t cry at the wedding. (据老年人说，每个新娘在婚礼上都要哭)”，此处假设相反的情况，用副词therwise (否则、不然)，相当于r或if nt，首字母大写。故填Otherwise。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：否则，新娘的邻居会看不起她，认为她是一个没有教养的女孩，她会成为村里的笑柄。用宾格代词her指代前面的the bride。故填her。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：事实上，也有新娘因为在婚礼上不哭而被母亲殴打的案例。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是cases，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，在中国古代的包办婚姻中，确实有相当多的新娘为自己不满意的婚姻甚至悲惨的生活而哭泣。形容词arranged (安排的)作定语，修饰名词marriages，arranged marriage (包办婚姻)。故填arranged。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，在中国古代的包办婚姻中，确实有相当多的新娘为自己不满意的婚姻甚至悲惨的生活而哭泣。该空作定语，修饰名词marriage，用修饰物的-ing形容词unsatisfying (不令人满意的)或形容词unsatisfactry (不能令人满意的)。故填unsatisfying/unsatisfactry。
第四部分写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是学生会主席李华，为积极响应落实“厉行节约，反对浪费”的精神，学生会将举办一次以“光盘行动”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1.浪费食物的危害；
2.“光盘行动”的措施；
3.呼吁大家共同行动。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：光盘行动Clear Yur Plate Campaign
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【答案】Gd afternn, everyne! It is my hnr t deliver a speech n “Clear Yur Plate” campaign.
There is n dubt that excessive fd waste will pse a ptential threat t fd security. And it csts energy t deal with wasted fd, ultimately increasing greenhuse gases. S when we dine ut, it is ur respnsibility t rder a prper amunt f fd and take leftvers hme. In additin, schls shuld cnduct sme activities t demnstrate the significance f reducing fd waste.
Fr a greener envirnment and a mre prsperus future, let’s all clear ur plates! Thank yu!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就“为积极响应落实‘厉行节约，反对浪费’的精神，学生会将举办一次以‘光盘行动’为主题的英语演讲比赛”一事，写一篇演讲稿，讲述浪费食物的危害，“光盘行动”的措施并呼吁大家共同行动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
发表演说：deliver a speech → deliver an address
处理：deal with → cpe with
此外：in additin→ what’s mre
减少：reduce → lessen
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：And it csts energy t deal with wasted fd, ultimately increasing greenhuse gases.
拓展句：And it csts energy t deal with wasted fd, which will ultimately increase greenhuse gases.
【点睛】【高分句型1】There is n dubt that excessive fd waste will pse a ptential threat t fd security. (运用了that引导的同位语从句)
【高分句型2】S when we dine ut, it is ur respnsibility t rder a prper amunt f fd and take leftvers hme. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jenny was the nly child in her hme. She had a quarrel (争吵) with her mther that afternn and she ran ut f the huse angrily .
She culdn’t help crying sadly when she thught f the sclding (指责) frm her mther. Having wandered aimlessly in the street fr hurs, she felt a little hungry and wished fr smething t eat, but it was nt pssible fr her, since she had nthing with her. She std beside a stand fr a while, watching the middle-aged seller busy ding his business . Hwever, with n mney in hand , she had t leave.
The seller behind the stand nticed the yung girl and asked, “Hey, girl, yu want t have the ndles?”
“Oh, yes..., but I dn’t have mney n me ...” she replied .
“That’s nthing. I’ll treat yu tday,” said the man, “cme in.” The seller brught her a bwl f ndles, whse smell was s attractive. As she was eating, Jenny cried silently.
“What is it?” asked the man kindly .
“Nthing, actually I was just tuched by yur kindness!” said Jenny as she dried her tears, “Even a stranger n the street will give me a bwl f ndles, while my mther, drve me ut f the huse. She shwed n care fr me. She is s cruel cmpared t a stranger!”
Hearing the wrds, the seller smiled, “Girl, d yu really think s? I nly gave yu a bwl f ndles and yu thanked me a lt. But it is yur mther wh has raised yu since yu were a baby . Can yu number the times she cked fr yu? Have yu expressed yur thanks t her?”
Jenny sat there, speechless; she remembered mther’s familiar face and weathered hands. “Why did I nt think f that? A bwl f ndles frm a stranger made me feel thankful, but I have never thanked my mum fr what she has dne fr me.”
On the way hme, Jenny made up her mind t make an aplgy t her mther fr her rudeness as sn as she arrived hme.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Appraching the drway, Jenny tk a deep breath .
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
A gentle tuch n her hair called her mind back.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Appraching the drway, Jenny tk a deep breath. When she kncked at the dr, she fund the dr was lcked and her mther was nt in. Tired and sad, she sat dwn in frnt f the huse. Where culd my mther be? She wndered. “Was she still angry with me?” Again, the scene f the quarrel appeared in her mind. She remembered her rudeness t her mther. Realizing that all the scldings frm her mther was due t the fact that her mther really cared a lt abut her, she felt rather ashamed, and tears began t rll dwn her cheeks.
Paragraph 2:
A gentle tuch n her hair called her mind back. She raised her head and saw the familiar face f her mther. “Here yu cme! I’ve been lking fr yu,” she said, tired and relieved. Jenny culdn’t help thrwing herself int her mther’s arms. “Mum, I’m s srry and thank yu fr all yu have dne fr me.” She expressed her sincere aplgy and great gratitude. Hearing this, her mther smiled, patting her back gently.
【解析】
【导语】本文以Jenny的感情变化为线索，记叙了Jenny和母亲争吵后，离家出走，在一个请她吃面的陌生人的启发下，想起了妈妈对自己的付出，最后决定回家向妈妈道歉的故事。
详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“走近门口，Jenny深吸了一口气”可知，第一段可描写Jenny坐在门口反思自己以及意识到自己的错误。
②由第二段首句内容“她的头发被轻轻地碰了一下，她的思绪又回来了”可知，第二段可描写母亲回来和Jenny向母亲道歉以及表达感激之情。
2.续写线索：发现门锁了——坐在门口——又累又伤心——想起对妈妈的不好——扑进妈妈怀里——向妈妈道歉
3.词汇激活
行为类
开始：begin t/start
出现：appear/emerge
想起：remember/recall
情绪类
生气：be angry with/be mad at
惭愧的：ashamed/embarrassed
感谢：thank/feel thankful/be grateful fr
【点睛】[高分句型1] Realizing that all the scldings frm her mther was due t the fact that her mther really cared a lt abut her, she felt rather ashamed, and tears began t rll dwn her cheeks. (运用了that引导宾语从句和that引导的同位语从句)
[高分句型2] When she kncked at the dr, she fund the dr was lcked and her mther was nt in. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
听力答案：1-5：CABCA 6-10：ABBCB 11-15：ACBCC 16-20：ABABA