2023北京牛栏山一中高二（上）期中英语试卷（教师版）

这是一份2023北京牛栏山一中高二（上）期中英语试卷（教师版），共11页。试卷主要包含了5 分，共 15 分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

本试卷共 10 页, 100 分。考试时长 90 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答 无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节，30 分)
第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选岀最佳选项，
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I culd feel the excitement rising in me as I held the beautifully wrapped present in my hands. Unable t cntain my 1 any lnger, I tre it pen. It was a brand-new laptp as my reward fr the As I gt in final examinatins.
I had always envied my friends wh were exchanging news abut varius apps. Finally, it was my 2 t find them ut. I was researching fr sme infrmatin fr my paper when I came acrss a scial netwrking site, which sn I became glued t.
As time passed, I came t 3 that I was hked n the Internet. During weekends, I culd easily spend hurs n my laptp. It came t such a pint where I chse t lck myself in my rm, 4 t enjy family time. Sn, my sleep was divided t nly scattered naps, and my grades at schl als began t 5 .
It was abut this time that my parents started vicing their disapprval. It became bvius that I was spending t much time n the Internet. I was asked t 6 my usage f it. Yet, hwever hard I tried, I was unable t pull myself away, unable t 7 my chat sessins, and unable t cncentrate n my lessns. I was 8 fr just anther click and anther lk at my message bard. Then ne day, my father tk away my laptp. I cmplained but t n avail（无济于事）.
Over time, I knew that dad and mm had always wanted the best fr me. That was when I decided t 9 my Internet addictin. Quitting was harder than I expected. But with dgged 10 , I knew that I wuld turn ver a new leaf.
1. A. curisity B. anxiety C. faith D. dubt
2. A. way B. turn C. duty D. hnr
3. A. state B. believe C. decide D. realize
4. A. expecting B. refusing C. pretending D. skipping
5. A. rise B. adapt C. slip D. shake
6. A. cut ff B. cut dwn C. cut up D. cut thrugh
7. A. strengthen B. have C. quit D. destry
8. A. desperate B. serius C. cnfident D. patient
9. A. change B. answer C. serve D. defeat
10. A. determinatin B. perfrmance C. explanatin D. preference
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Over the last 50 years, the U.S. and Canada have slwly but surely lst 29% f their bird ppulatins. Even cmmn birds such as sparrws and blackbirds 11 (face) declines in Nrth America since 1970. One majr cause is that humans have expanded their ftprint greatly, 12 (result) in habitat lss fr birds. Less habitat means less space 13 (find) fd, mates, nest, and raise yung. Since birds play an essential rle in the functining f the wrld’s ecsystems, we need spare n effrt t prtect them and take these beautiful creatures under ur wing.
B
Jhn Augustus Rebling was a pineer in bridge building in the 19th century. 14 (inspire) by an idea t build a great bridge cnnecting New Yrk with the Lng Island, the creative engineer wrked ut a blueprint fr his dream in 1883. Hwever, this wuld be n rdinary bridge, which wuld have t g ver the East River 15 (flw) in mre than ne directin and be tall enugh fr ships t pass under. Thugh having been tld the idea was nt practical and impssible, Jhn culdn’t ignre the visin he had in his mind. Despite all the hardships, Rebling finally drew up plans fr wrld’s 16 (lng) suspensin bridge at that time.
C
Earlier this year, mystery travel became trendy amng China’s yung peple and they 17 (buy) travel blind bxes t see new places. Just as the name implies, mystery travel is nt nly exciting and simple t plan, but als allws travelers t explre destinatins 18 they may never have cnsidered therwise. After yu’ve prvided the travel agency with sme necessary infrmatin like the travel dates, budgets, fd chices and 19 (activity) appealing t yu etc, all yu need t d is t sit back, relax, and wait fr yur plane tickets. 20 adds t its mystery is that the destinatin isn’t revealed until the day f departure.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，共38分)
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Grand Canyn Natinal Park
Lcated in nrthern Arizna, the park cvers 277 miles f the Clrad River and nearby uplands. One f the mst awesme examples f ersin（侵蚀） in the wrld, Grand Canyn is unmatched in the incmparable view it ffers t visitrs.
Park Openings and Clsings
The Village and Desert View n the Suth Rim are pen all year and park entrances remain pen 24 hurs a day. Nrth Rim facilities pen mid-May and clse mid-Octber. Park entrances remain pen 24 hurs a day during this time. Hurs fr visitr centers and businesses vary thrughut the year.
Park Infrmatin
The park prduces a Pcket Map with a Nrth Rim and Suth Rim editin that cntains a map
and infrmatin abut services, facilities, and park ranger prgrams. It is available in French, German, Italian, Spanish, and Chinese. A hiking brchure is available fr thse planning t hike ne f the park’s main trails dwn int Grand Canyn. Obtain publicatins at entrance statins, visitr centers, r at
Accessibility
The terrain（地形）is rugged with narrw, rcky trails and steep cliffs. Visitrs using wheelchairs r having visual disabilities may need assistance. Fr mre infrmatin abut accessibility in Grand Canyn Natinal Park, see
Park Entrance Fees
Admissin t the park is $35 per private vehicle; $30 per mtrcycle; and $20 per persn entering the park thrugh Grand Canyn Railway, park shuttle bus, walking, r riding a bicycle. The pass can be used fr seven days and includes bth rims. Pay fees at park entrance statins r at sme businesses utside the park. Every year the Natinal Park Service ffers entrance fee free days. Fr cmplete fee infrmatin, please visit
Sustainability
Grand Canyn Natinal Park invlves sustainability in all aspects f its peratins. Use yur refillable water bttle t fill up n free Grand Canyn spring water at visitr centers and grcery stres. Recycling cntainers are cnveniently lcated and as cmmn as trash bins. Discver what else yu can d t prtect the envirnment while traveling here and beynd at
21. Peple with physical disabilities can find detailed infrmatin n park facilities designed fr
them by visiting .
A. B． B. D．
22. What is the admissin fee if yu and yur parents plan t g n a six-day vacatin t Grand Canyn Natinal Park by driving a car?
A．$95. B．$60. C．$35. D.$70．
23. Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t the passage?
A. Visitrs have year-rund access t every crner f the natinal park.
B. Hikers wh can nly speak Chinese cannt explre the Nrth Rim withut a guide.
C. Visitrs are frbidden t leave any trash in the Natinal Park t maintain sustainability.
D. The Grand Canyn features is ne f the wrld’s mst visually breathtaking landscapes.
B
I was brn missing my left arm. In 1986, at 18 mnths, I was fitted with a prsthetic (义肢) device, a decisin made by my parents and dctrs s that I wuld develp “nrmally”.
I spent my entire childhd and adlescence trying t fit in. I did just abut anything t ease the pains f the stares and pinting fingers frm my classmates. By the time I was 8, I had n self-cnfidence, and the hand I was wearing was making it harder fr me t fit in. S I decided I was better ff withut ne. I didn’t need anyne t fix me.
T prve that I wasn’t limited by my disability, I develped a lve fr all sprts, in particular swimming. I was selected t my first Australian wmen’s swimming team at age 13 and successfully represented my cuntry fr eight years. I realized I’d made a name fr myself because f my disability.
I taught myself hw t be cmfrtable in a sciety filled with insecurities. S when I was first cntacted in 2021 by Cvvi, a cmpany trying t create the wrld’s mst advanced binic (仿生的) hand, I was a bit surprised. They asked me t trial the hand and, if pssible, t becme a patient advcate. Initially, I said n. Then, curisity gt the better f me.
While I was busy advcating fr disability rights, a new generatin f leaders, like Amy Purdy and Nick Vujicic, used the pwer f technlgy and scial media t display wheelchairs r artificial limbs withut explanatin. Peple feared disability less. Sciety was beginning t see a persn first, and their disability secnd.
Viewing disability thrugh a scial lens als meant acknwledging that a persn is mre disabled by their envirnment and the discriminatin f thers than by their actual disability. As thse cnversatins shifted, I realized that there was an pprtunity t use technlgy t steer and regulate the narrative fr future generatins. In July 2022, I decided t trial the hand.
The rle f patient advcate is an enrmus privilege. Thrugh sharing my jurney, I’m able t reach thusands f ther peple wh wuld benefit frm its extrardinary capabilities. That’s why I wear a binic hand—nt because I’m brken, but because I have an pprtunity t enhance the human capabilities that already exist.
24. The authr develped a lve fr all sprts because ____________.
A. she was lnging fr fame
B. sprts gave her self-cnfidence
C. she wanted t defeat her disability
D. her prsthetic device empwered her
25. Frm Purdy and Vujicic, the authr learned _________ .
A. mre peple acknwledged their limits
B. the disabled needed a friendlier envirnment
C. scial media allwed the disabled pprtunities
D. technlgy shifted peple’s attitudes t disability
26. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe the authr?
A. Intelligent and brave.
B. Warm-hearted and patient.
C. Independent and innvative.
D. Respnsible and strng-willed.
27. Frm the passage, we learn that ne shuld _________ .
A. make the mst f ne’s abilities by embracing reality
B. build ne’s scial circle with an ptimistic attitude
C. take it easy when facing difficult situatins
D. stick t ne’s gal t achieve success
C
A butterfly’s wings can have many jbs besides keeping the insect high up in the air. They may be used t attract mates, r t warn ptential attackers t stay away. All f these rles, thugh, depend n their unchanging cluratin. This plays int the idea that butterfly wings are dead tissue, like a bird’s feathers. In fact, that’s nt true. Fr example, in sme species males’ wings have special cells releasing sme chemicals which attract females.
Nanfang Yu, a physicist at Clumbia University, in New Yrk, has been lking int the matter. Tgether with Nami Pierce, a butterfly specialist at Harvard University, he has nw shwn, in a paper published in Nature Cmmunicatins in February, 2020, that butterfly wings are, indeed, very much alive.
In their experiments, the tw researchers used a laser light t heat up spts n the wings f dzens f butterfly species. When the temperature f the area under the laser reached 40°C r s, the insects respnded within secnds by ding things that stpped their wings heating up further. These actins included a butterfly turning arund t minimize the area t the laser, mving its wings up and dwn r simply walking away.
Butterflies engaged in all f these heat-minimising activities even when the researchers blindflded them. That suggested the relevant sensrs were n the wings themselves. Dr. Yu and Dr. Pierce therefre searched thse wings fr likely lking sensry cells. They fund sme, in the frm f neurns (神经元) that were similar t heat detectrs knwn frm ther insects. They als uncvered disc-shaped cells that appeared t be similar t pressure-sensitive neurns. They guess that these are there t detect defrmatin f the wing —infrmatin an insect culd use t cntrl its flight pattern.
The third discvery they made t g against the “dead wing” idea was that sme butterfly wings have a heartbeat. A butterfly’s wings have veins (静脉) . These carry a bldlike liquid which, researchers have nw fund in males, shws a pulse (脉搏) f several dzen beats per minute. The surce f this pulse appears t be the scent (气味) pad, a dark spt n the wings that prduces the female-attracting chemicals. Apparently, this “wing heart” acts as a pump that helps bldlike liquid thrugh the scent pad.
In all their experiments simulating different envirnmental cnditins, Dr. Yu and Dr. Pierce cnsistently fund that, different parts f the wing are cvered by different srts f scales. In particular, tubes pass thrugh scales ver the scent pads. This imprves their ability t spread heat away and helps keep the living parts f a butterfly’s wings alive.
28. What can we learn frm Dr. Yu and Dr. Pierce’s experiments?
A. Butterfly wings have little reactin t external heat.
B. Butterfly wings are cmplicated living rgans.
C. The scent pads n sme male butterfly wings are their hearts.
D. Heat-minimising activities help detect defrmatin f the wings.
29. What is the functin f scales ver the scent pads?
A. Attracting mates.
B. Increasing bld flw.
C. Cvering pwerful tubes.
D. Prducing the cling effect.
30. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Seeing Is Believing
B. Nthing Seek, Nthing Find
C. Mre Than Meets The Eye
D. Fine Feathers Make Fine Birds
D
Castal cities wrldwide are squeezed by tw ppsing frces: urban sprawl ( 扩张) and the rising sea. This struggle is intensely visible in the flatlands where expanding neighbrhds rutinely fld and saltwater flding damages the river muths that prtect cmmunities frm the wrst f ur climate crisis.
Massive resurces are being put int envirnmental restratin prjects, and develpment is subject t many layers f apprvals. Yet in 2022 the gvernrs f a castal city vted t expand a legal bundary that cntains sprawl t allw a 400-acre warehuse prject. They are failing t see the value f this land in the greater ecsystem.
Wetlands, castal plains and frests d cheaply (r even fr free) what seawalls and pumps d at a cst f billins f dllars. They are vital infrastructure (基础设施) that makes us mre resilient against climate change, and the cst f destrying them r weakening their ability t functin must be factred int the decisins we make t build and grw.
T d s, the ecnmic rewards t develp any natural landscape shuld be weighed against the prtective ecnmic value that land already prvides. Ecnmists call this an “avided damage” valuatin. Lcal planning bards might cnsider the value f a sand hill r swamp in fld prtectin versus the expense f replacing it with a seawall and water pump system. Maintaining and restring natural infrastructure t supprt healthy functining saves mney, time and lives.
The cncept f “natural capital”, r the idea that ecsystem services shuld be valued in a similar manner as any frm f wealth, dates back t the 1970s. Markets have always valued wd as a cmmdity (商品), fr example, but nt the services that came alng with prducing it, such as sil maintenance, carbn strage, and nutrient cycling. We didn’t need a market fr resurces that industrialists saw as rich and endlessly renewable. This explitative (开发资源的) assumptin turned ut t be very wrng. Failing t measure the benefits f ecsystem services in plicy and management decisins is a majr reasn many f thse ecsystems disappeared.
It als seems crass t place a dllar amunt n ecsystems that we’d rather view as priceless, existing fr their wn sake and valuable t humans in ways that are beynd capitalism. This preciusness is ethically sund. But develpers have lng cnfused pricelessness with wrthlessness, allwing them t prfit withut paying fr the cnsequences f destrying the envirnment.
Ecnmic value is never the nly reasn nature is wrth preserving; it is simply a pwerful, underused tl t help us make decisins abut hw t live mre sustainably in a climate-changed wrld. If plicy makers cnsidered natural infrastructure in the language f ecnmics, they might recgnize just hw deeply we rely n it.
31. What are the first tw paragraphs mainly abut?
A. The cnsequences f the saltwater flding.
B. The cause f the urban sprawl and the rising sea.
C. An apprval t an envirnmental restratin prject.
D. The prblem caused by the expansin f castal cities
32. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. The richness f resurces is nt the reasn fr devaluing them.
B. The ecnmic grwth bsts the prtectin f natural landscape.
C. The idea f natural capital can enhance the prfit f cmmdity.
D. The explitatin f nature reflects the “avided damage” valuatin.
33. What des the underlined wrd “crass” in Paragraph 6 prbably mean?
A．Beneficial. B．Unwise.
C．Related. D．Unlimited.
34. What is the purpse f the passage?
A. T appeal fr stricter cntrl ver city scale.
B. T stress the imprtance f ecsystem services.
C. T prpse the use f nature as infrastructure.
D. T prmte public awareness f nature prtectin.
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have yu ever met smene that never gets sidetracked by the difficulties? N matter what chas the wrld thrws at them in their career r persnal life they adapt accrdingly and build a slutin with the pieces they’re left. __35__
Being resurceful means finding smart and creative ways t slve a prblem, using whatever resurces in frnt f yu at the time and ptimizing what yu have. __ 36 __They can als be anything else that’s useful, such as infrmatin, advice r yur wn experience. It als means trusting yur instincts, the ability yu’re brn with, rather than thrugh training and being cnfident abut yur ability t face challenges. A resurceful persn is nt the ne getting crss r panicking when smething ges wrng. They’re thinking abut hw t slve the prblem.
__37__ When we learn t slve prblems fr urselves rather than immediately ging t thers fr help, it can help t build ur cnfidence, help us feel mre independent, and feel better abut making decisins. Being resurceful may nt help yu avid prblems, but thinking creatively abut hw yu can deal with them will make yu feel less stressed and mre prepared next time. 38 This can bst self-esteem, that is, hw yu feel abut yurself.
While many peple lk at their resurceful c-wrkers and friends in awe f their prblem-slving skills, it’s an ability that can be enhanced with practice. When yu’re facing a challenge, train yurself t fcus n the actual prblem rather than hw yu feel abut it. Think abut where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many slutins t the prblem as yu can. 39 Finally, review what has and hasn’t wrked, s yu’re equipped t deal with a situatin next time.
And remember, n ne is expected t slve all prblems by themselves. If yu have a tricky prblem that yu’re unable t slve, then ask a trusted adult fr help.
A. Yu als learn what yu’re gd at.
B. Here is hw yu can be mre resurceful.
C. Resurcefulness is a skill that’s gd fr yu in lts f ways.
D. They may be famus mttes that always inspire us t mve n.
E. Weigh up what’s gd and bad abut each ne and chse the best.
F. This ability is called resurcefulness, and it’s helpful in many aspects f life.
G. Instead, be hnest abut yur skills and wrk twards imprving yur resurcefulness.
第三部分：基础知识和写作（共四节，32 分）
第一节 单词拼写（共5 小题；每小题 1 分，共 5 分）
根据提示及句意，写出相应单词的正确形式，并将单词完整形式写在答题卡上。
40. Thugh he has failed many times, he is still _______（乐观的）in his wrk.
41. A_______（先进的）technlgy is usually a duble-edged swrd, which can bring peple bth benefits and harms.
42. Mther is a persn wh is ready t s_______（牺牲）everything fr her kids, even her life.
43. The MillinTrees Prject was initiated in 2007 t prtect, preserve and r_______（恢复）the natural envirnment f ur natin.
44. As an athlete, I was pushing the l_______（极限）and extremes beynd what mst thught were healthy.
第二节 词组填空（共 4 小题；每小题 1 分，共 4 分）
根据句意选择词组，并用其正确形式填空。选项中有两个多余词组。
45. With that ambitin and determinatin, yung Smith is meant t in this wrld.
46. Yu shuld figure ut the things that frm ther peple and strengthen them.
47. We are nw entering the Earth’s sixth mass extinctin. This time, human activity will .
48. Everyne t play in making ur cuntry mre beautiful.
第三节 翻译句子（共 4 小题；每小题 2 分，共 8 分）
49. Jasn Harley 决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只拥有少量金钱使他获得了自由。
50. 尽管面临种种困难，任正非仍致力于关键技术的创新。
51. 通过克服一系列的失败，我们能更好地应对那些以后在成人世界会碰到的大挑战。
52. 我们需要采取措施拯救濒临灭绝的物种，包括建立专门的动植物保护区。
第四节 书面表达（15 分）
假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校英语广播站拟制作“时代楷模”系列节目进行播出，现邀请全校师生推荐自己心目中的英雄人物。请你给学校英语广播站负责人写一封邮件，内容 包括：
1．你推荐的英雄人物；
2．你推荐的理由；
提示词：时代楷模 Rle Mdel f the Times
注意：
1．词数不少于 80 字，不多于 120 字；
2．开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir r Madam, _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Yurs Sincerely
Li Hua
参考答案
完型
ABDBC BCADA
语填：
11. have faced 12. resulting 13. t find 14. Inspired 15. flwing
16. lngest 17. bught 18. that/which 19. activities 20. What
阅读
21-23: ACD
24-27：CDDA
28-30: BDC
31-34:DABC
FDCAE
单词
ptimistic Advanced sacrifice restre limits
词组
get n set yu apart be t blame has a rle
翻译句子：
49. Jasn Harley decided t drp ut f this kind f lifestyle, and he discvered that having nly a little mney made him free.
50. Despite all the hardships he faced, he was cmmitted t innvatin in key technlgies.
51. By wrking thrugh a series f failures, we’re better prepared fr the bigger challenges we’ll face in the adult wrld.
52. We need t take steps t save endangered species, including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be prtected.bil dwn t; get n; be t blame; set sb. apart; have a rle; stay in