2023-2024学年重庆市梁平区高三（上）第一次调研英语试卷

这是一份2023-2024学年重庆市梁平区高三（上）第一次调研英语试卷，共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，0分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1．（1.5分） What will the man prbably give the wman next？
A.A new frk.
B.Extra steak sauce.
C.A different knife.
2．（1.5分） What is the man ging t d next week？
A.Repair his laptp.
B.Attend a business meeting.
C.G shpping in the city center.
3．（1.5分） When will the speakers meet？
A.At 11：00 a.m.
B.At 9：00 a.m.
C.At 1：00 p.m.
4．（1.5分） What can the speakers definitely agree n？
A.What they want t cat.
B.When they need t g t sleep.
C.Which mvie they will watch.
5．（1.5分） What is the man prbably playing？
A.Ftball.
B.Glf.
C.Tennis.
第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
6．（3分）（1）Hw will the wman give the lucky mney t William？
A.By WeChat Pay.
B.By bank transfer.
C.In cash.
（2）What will William prbably d during the hliday？
A.Attend classes.
B.Jin his family fr dinner.
C.Travel t his grandparents' huse.
7．（3分）（1）What's the prbable relatinship between the speakers？
A.Teacher and student.
B.Classmates.
C.C﹣wrkers.
（2）Which type f bk des the wman prbably mst prefer？
A.Classic American nvels.
B.Fantasy.
C.Sprt bks.
8．（4.5分）（1）When did the speakers last see each ther？
A.During middle schl.
B.During high schl.
C.During cllege.
（2）Wh did the man see at the grcery stre？
A.A current principal.
B.A frmer teacher.
C.An ld classmate.
（3）Hw did the wman feel abut their ld gym class？
A.Frightened.
B.Interested.
C.Amazed.
9．（6分）（1）Where are the speakers？
A.In the wds.
B.At their hme.
C.In the classrm.
（2）What is the wman lking fr？
A.Rubbish.
B.Mushrms.
C.Bamb grass.
（3）What des the wman want t d with what she finds？
A.Take pictures.
B.Ck a meal.
C.D a drawing.
（4）What is the main tpic f the cnversatin？
A.Several pictures.
B.A schl prject.
C.Sme plants.
10．（6分）（1）Which TV shw is Vila mstly knwn fr？
A.Central Falls.
B.Everybdy's Ruby.
C.Hw t Get Away with Murder.
（2）When did Vila receive her first majr award？
A.In 1993.
B.In 1999.
C.In 2001.
（3）Which film did Vila win an Academy Award fr？
A.Fences.
B.Dubt.
C.The Help.
（4）What have Vila and her husband dne recently？
A.They have run their wn firm.
B.They have acted tgether in a mvie.
C.They have shwed up in a ceremny.
阅读理解（共两节，满分50.0分）
11．（7.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
While attractins like the Shard and the Lndn Eye ffer excellent perspectives，they're always busy and ticket prices are steep.But with a little insider knwledge，yu can save yur punds and bag yur skyline phts withut the crwds thrugh accessing the fllwing viewpints.
Parliament Hill
Lndn is mstly flat，but if yu knw where t lk there are a few hills that prvide natural （and free） high pints ffering city views with a side rder f fresh air.
One f the mst central is Parliament Hill n Hampstead Heath ﹣ at 98 m，ne f Lndn's highest natural viewpints.Frm here，n a clear day，yu can sit n the park bench that featured in mvies like Run Fatby Run and Ntes n a Scandal.
Entry fee：free
The Garden Museum Twer
If yu exit left ut f Westminster statin，battle yur way ver the bridge and then turn right，past the view f Big Ben and walk alng the suth side f the Thames，yu'll cme t a medieval （中世纪的） church.
While yu might be interested in British garden design，it's the 14th﹣Century twer that's the main attractin fr phtgraphers.Climb the 131 steps f the narrw spiral staircase and yu'll emerge nt ne f the finest riverside viewpints in the city ﹣ with views acrss t the Palace f Westminster n the right.
Entry fee：Adult f16，r Twer nly 4
The IFS Clud Cable Car
If yu want t sar ver Lndn in a glass pd，the bvius place t g is the Lndn Eye.But a cheaper and crwd﹣free alternative is t ride the IFS Clud Cable Car.
The views are impressive at any time，but the Cable Car stays pen late，s yu can even enjy magnificent sunsets frm the west﹣facing side r admire the twinkling city lights after dark.
Entry fee：E6 ne﹣way
Seabird，Suthwark
Lndn has n shrtage f rftp venues （场所） ffering knckut cityscape views，s it can be hard t pick just ne r tw.But fr lcatin，angles and a great experience，it desn't get much better than Seabird，n the 14th flr f the Hxtn htel in Suthwark with nthing t blck views n three sides.
Entry fee：Buy a drink：draught beer csts￡6.50 r small glass f wine is￡9；a prtin f lives csts ￡5.
（1）Where can yu g if yu want t phtgraph the 14th﹣Century twer？
A.The Lndn Eye.
B.The suth side f the Thames.
C.The rftp venues.
D.A place near St Paul's Cathedral.
（2）In which viewpint can yu just buy a drink and enjy free city views？
A.Parliament Hill.
B.The Garden Museum Twer.
C.The IFS Clud Cable Car.
D.Seabird，Suthwark.
（3）What d the 4 viewpints have in cmmn？
A.They are free.
B.They are well﹣knwn.
C.They are nt crwded.
D.They are nt cheap.
12．（10分） Smetimes，the kids in Stephanie Williams's kindergarten class need a little extra mtivatin.While sme students prefer material rewards fr gd behavir，all Kamern Eisenberg wanted was t be the first ne n the bus.That way，he'd be able t spend a little extra time with the schl bus driver Charles Friersn.In the few minutes they shared tgether each afternn，Mr.Charles wuld chat with Kamern，encurage him，and generally brighten his day
"I always ask the kids， 'What d yu want t wrk fr tday？' And Kamern said， 'I want t wrk t see the bus，'" Stephanie said. "Just being the first ne n the bus and talking t Mr.Charles des nt seem like a lt，but t him it's the wrld."
At the beginning f the schl year，Kamern was having sme difficulties in class.His behavir gt him sent t the administratr's ffice almst every day.Hwever，getting t hang ut with Mr.Charles turned ut t be a strng mtivatr fr the kindergartner t fllw directins.After checking in with his teacher，the bus driver wuld smetimes even talk t him abut any prblems he was having in schl.
Stephanie saw a huge change in Kamern's attitude nce the by started talking t Mr.Charles every day.S did Kamern's mm.Eventually，she decided t write a letter t the driver.As Charles read the nte n camera，he started t tear up
"I have always believed angels cme when yu least expect them." She wrte， "This hlds especially true in regards t Mr.Charles.I wuld like him t knw hw much we abslutely lve him fr wh he is and what he has dne fr my sn."
Accrding t Schl Transprtatins News.Charles and Kamern ften get ice cream tgether nw that schl is ut fr the summer.The bus driver als cheers him n at his weekend baseball games.
（1）What can be inferred frm the first tw paragraphs？
A.Kamern was tired f Stephanie's lessns.
B.Kamern liked t cmpete fr the first place.
C.Kamern made friends with Mr.Charles.
D.All kids in the kindergarten preferred material rewards.
（2）What happened t Kamern at the beginning f the schl year？
A.He behaved badly in schl.
B.He was t be dismissed frm schl.
C.He had a pr sense f directin.
D.He was affected mre by the administratr.
（3）Why did Kamern's mm write t Mr.Charles？
A.T shw her gratitude t him.
B.T change Kamern's attitude.
C.T express a mther's enthusiasm.
D.T get the schl bus driver mved.
（4）Which wrds can best describe Mr.Charles？
A.Patient and cautius.
B.Caring and psitive.
C.Hnest and determined.
D.Ambitius and sensitive.
13．（10分） Getting rid f ld tyres has lng been a prblem.Mst are thrwn int landfills r piled up in strage Energy recvery is anther cmmn methd.This invlves burning tyres t generate electricity r heat fr industries，but that prduces planet warming pllutin；r we use them t repair rads，but chemicals frm them might pllute the grund.
Sme firms，therefre，have begun explring an alternative.One such firm is Wastefrnt，which wns a big tyre﹣recycling plant in nrth﹣east England.In a cuple f years，it will be able t turn 8 millin ld tyres int new prducts，including a black liquid called TDO （轮胎衍生油）.
The prcess wrks by decnstructing a tyre int steel，rubber，and carbn black （炭黑）.After tearing dwn the steel，the remaining material is expsed t high temperatures in the absence f air t make the rubber change int a mix f hydrcarbn gases，and then they're remved.What is left behind is pure carbn black.Once the remved gases cl dwn，a part f them liquefies int TDO.The remaining gases are t be burned t fuel the prcess.This creates a clsed﹣cycle system that prevents emissins （排放）.
The carbn black can be reused t make new tyres.That is f interest t tyre﹣makers because it helps effrts t becme carbn neutral﹣achieving a balance between the amunts f carbn dixide prduced and the carbn dixide remved frm the atmsphere.Prducing new carbn black requires burning heavy il r cal，which lets ff plenty f greenhuse gases.
The recvered TDO is well﹣suited fr making diesel （柴油）.While nt cmpletely carbn﹣neutral， it des prduce an 80﹣90% reductin in emissins f carbn dixide，cmpared with the cnventinal fuel.The future market fr such cleaner fuels will remain large，even thugh electric vehicles are n the rise.Fssil﹣fuelled vehicles will exist fr decades，particularly the big burners f diesel﹣trucks，which are harder t electrify.The fuel is als needed by trains and ships.S，anything that helps clean up verall emissins is useful—especially if it als eases a muntainus waste prblem.
（1）What's the purpse f the first paragraph？
A.T analyze causes.
B.T present prblems.
C.T reach slutins.
D.T make cmparisns.
（2）What can be inferred abut the tyre﹣recycling prcess？
A.Air bsts the burning f the ld tyres.
B.The remaining gases are emitted int the air.
C.Pure carbn black is an unprcessed substance.
D.TDO cmes frm the remved hydrcarbn gases.
（3）What des the underlined wrd "it" in the last paragraph refer t？
A.Diesel made frm TDO.
B.Clean electric energy.
C.Carbn﹣neutral prcess.
D.Recvered TDO frm ld tyres.
（4）Which f the fllwing culd be the best title fr the passage？
A.The Prblems f Burning Old Tyres.
B.The Black Liquid Called TDO.
C.The System Preventing Emissins.
D.The Alternative t Tyre﹣recycling.
14．（10分） Since we are vulnerable （脆弱的） when we sleep，sleep must play a critical rle，r evlutin wuldn't have selected fr it.Early humans had t hunt，gather fd and prtect themselves.Thse activities cnsumed much time，s unless sleep served very imprtant purpses，thse wh slept less wuld have an advantage.Yet sleeping fr lng hurs f the night was kept fr years，but scientists had nly general ideas abut what happened during sleep.Recently，Dr.Chiara Chiarelli，a neurscientist，shared what sleep neurscience research has discvered.
Neural （神经的） netwrks in the brain are cnnected thrugh synapses （神经突触） which allw signals t flw thrughut the brain and nt cells.During waking hurs，new learning can strengthen the cnnectins.Yu can think f knwledge acquired ver a lng time as a grup f well﹣cnnected neural paths.When yu learn smething new，new paths are cnnected t the ld.During the waking hurs，yur brain prcesses massive amunts f new insignificant infrmatin，say remembering where yu parked yur car.But that memry has t be preserved at least until yu reach the car.It establishes a new cnnectin t yur memry f what yur car lks like，a well﹣established "ld" memry.The brain creates s many cnnectins daily that particular circuits can be heavily burdened.
Dr.Cirelli explained that during sleep，a great many synaptic cnnectins are weakened s that cnnectins are mre available fr new learning the next day.Cntinuing with the parked car example，the exact lcatin f the parked car is nt needed again，s the cnnectins are weakened.In fact，if it were nt，yu might memrize hundreds f places where yu have parked，leading t cnsiderable cnfusin!
Yu dn't have t be a scientist t understand that nt sleeping well affects next day functining — this is cmmn cultural 's research is an example f science shwing the "why" and "hw" mechanisms that underlie that wisdm.
（1）What des the example f early humans shw？
A.Sleep wasn't as imprtant as it is tday.
B.Our ancestrs had a hard time surviving.
C.Sleep is significant in the histry f humans.
D.Whever sleeps less enjys mre advantages.
（2）What message des the authr seem t cnvey in paragraph 2？
A.Our memry can be kept ver a lng perid f time.
B.Our brain can be verladed with synaptic cnnectins.
C.Our brain's neural netwrk is cnnected thrugh synapses.
D.Our new learning is based n well﹣established ld memries.
（3）What has Dr.Cirelli's research discvered？
A.Sleep relieves synaptic burden.
B.Sleep carries cultural wisdm.
C.Sleep bradens neural paths.
D.Sleep stimulates brain develpment.
（4）What's the authr's attitude t Dr.Cirelli's research？
A.Dubtful
B.Unclear
C.Dismissive （鄙视的）
D.Apprving
15．（12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Dispse f Yur Credit Card Withut Burying It
Dispsing f unwanted items in ur lives ften means simply thrwing them int the garbage r recycling bin — r，if they're still useful，giving them away.It's different with ld credit cards，which shuld be destryed s nbdy can use them fraudulently （欺诈地）. （1） Here's hw t get rid f an ld card.
First，cntact the issuer
If clsing the accunt is yur gal，yu'll have t call the number n the back f yur card and ask t d s.If yur card is a rewards card，remember t first redeem pints r cash back.Change any autmatic payments t a different card，and be sure t pay the final card bill.
Cut up plastic cards
Sharp scissrs and smart trimming will d the jb here. "We recmmend that cnsumers cut thrugh the EMV chip，then further cut the card a few times alng the shrt side，and dispse f the sectins in mre than ne trash bag，" says Sarah Gran，a spkeswman fr the American Bankers Assciatin. （2）
Send back metal cards
（3） Cntact yur issuer.Typically，yu can mail it back fr dispsal. "Fr example，when American Express sends a replacement card，it als sends an addressed return envelpe t mail back an ld metal card fr destructin，" says Heather Nrtn，spkeswman fr American Express.
Check back n yur accunt
Dn't bsess abut identity theft f an ld credit card.Yu generally wn't be respnsible fr fraudulent charges anyway. （4） It's a gd idea t check yur accunt statement t make sure there's been n fraud.
Clsing an accunt can hurt yu
Clsing a credit card accunt can lwer yur credit rating.That's because credit scres cnsider yur "credit utilizatin rati'"，r hw much f yur available credit yu're using.And when yu clse an accunt，yu have less available credit. （5） Clsing an ld card decreases the average age f yur accunts.
语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
16．（15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Life skills r scial skills are seldm priritized （优先考虑） in mst schls.Hwever，a （1） schl teacher in Canada，Jennifer Thiessen，thinks （2） and ensures her students are well﹣equipped fr life.Accrding t her， （3） these skills was as imprtant as students knwing hw t multiply and divide.
Thiessen discussed her （4） with a fellw teacher，Kyla Stradling，and they came up with a plan.They gave their students a prject （5） t spreading gdwill.They called it the "Kindness Prject".
Thiessen tld her third﹣grade students in 2018， "If we culd be that spark f kindness，we culd （6） thers t d acts f kindness." And the students did （7） .They made cupcakes at hme and sld them fr ＄1.They made abut ＄400 and then used it t buy small （8） like flwers and dg treats.They then gave it ut t （9） near the schl.
After this experience，Thiessen made it an annual activity fr third﹣graders at the schl. "This prject isn't abut wh can （10） well academically，" she said. "This is an everybdy prject.It desn't have any （11） when it cmes t ability."
The schl has carried ut the Kindness Prject fr the last five years.Due t the prject's success，the schl （12） five classes，three third﹣graders and secnd furth﹣graders.This year，the 100 students were divided int many grups and （13） different tasks.On March 15，sme were at cffee shps helping peple buy beverages，while thers waited at a lcal park t （14） dg treats and flwers.
Besides beginning a chain f kindness，the teacher wants t shw students what they're （15） f.
17．（15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On August 24，Japan started releasing wastewater frm its Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Pwer Plant （福岛第一核电站） int the Pacific Ocean.This has caused anger and fear acrss the wrld.
In March 2011，Japan experienced the strngest earthquake in its （1） （recrd） histry.The earthquake caused a tsunami （海啸）， （2） greatly damaged the Fukushima nuclear plant.Ever since then，the plant has been prducing a large amunt f radiactive wastewater.S far，it （3） （cllect） mre than 1.3 millin tns f it.The first rund f release will last 17 days.The whle prcess will take abut 30 years.
The plant was perated by TEPCO （东京电力公司）.Accrding t the cmpany，the wastewater is diluted （稀释） befre （4） （it） release.Hwever，there's still a prblem.Sme f the mst dangerus substances are very likely （5） （remain） in it.
"They'll pllute the cean，the animals within it，and （6） （final），the earth，" said Tack Fujimura，an fficial at Japan's Zen﹣Nh （日本农业合作社联合会）.
On the same day，China annunced （7） immediate ban n all seafd prducts frm Japan.This （8） （decide） was made t "prtect the lives and health f the peple." In a statement，the cuntry's Freign Ministry （外交部） called Japan's mve "（9） （self） and irrespnsible."
China was the biggest buyer f Japanese seafd.Mre than 255，000 users tk a pll （民意调查） n Weib.Up t 97% f them said that they wuld n lnger eat seafd frm Japan. "We're n the same planet，" said ne f them. "Nbdy can be free frm harm.It's just a matter （10） time."
写作（共两节，满分40分）
18．（15分）假设Williams教授写信邀请你给留学生做一个关于中国文化的演讲。请你写信回复，信件内容包括：
①接受邀请；
②介绍演讲主题和要点。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Prfessr Williams，
I am hnred t give a presentatin abut Chinese culture t internatinal students at yur invitatin.
_______
Sincerely yurs，
Li Hua
19．（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Everyne has a her — smene he admires，wh has had an impact n his life.My brther，Jhn，is my her.He is the mst sympathetic，sweet and funny persn I have ever met.Jhn is als mentally handicapped （智障的） and has a develpmental disability knwn as autism （自闭症）.
I used t be ashamed f Jhn when I was little.When he first started talking，he had a hard time with prnunciatin and understanding the meaning f wrds.He called me May﹣Me fr mst f my childhd because he culd nt prnunce Amy.As Jhn grew lder，his language ability gradually increased.I went frm May﹣Me t Amy，and hammer burgers became hamburgers.
When I was yunger，I was embarrassed by Jhn.He used t run arund in stres talking t himself，flicking his ears and putting his hands in his muth.He had a hard time swallwing and wuld have drl （流口水） running dwn his face.Jhn was very lud，and it seemed t me that he wuld always find the quietest mments t talk.
All I ever wanted was a nrmal brther.I wuld lk at ther brthers and sisters，see their relatinships and turn green with envy.Why did my brther have t be s different？I was very self﹣cnscius f what peple thught.I felt as if the entire wrld was laughing at me because f the way Jhn was acting.I was utterly ffended at times that I culd nt have a nrmal brther.
The siblings f an autistic child can have many reactins t the amunt f attentin the autistic child receives.Sme feel as if they are nt receiving enugh attentin and may becme superachievers t get their share.I hate t admit it，but I definitely fall int this categry.I feel the need t excel （突出） in everything I d.I cannt help but think that this cmes frm having a disabled brther.
Jhn has changed significantly ver the past eighteen years.______
As I grw lder，I'm n lnger ashamed f my brther；instead，I am ashamed that I used t be.______
2023-2024学年重庆市梁平区高三（上）第一次调研英语试卷
参考答案与试题解析
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1．【解答】C
2．【解答】B
3．【解答】A
4．【解答】A
5．【解答】C
第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
6．【解答】BA
7．【解答】CB
8．【解答】CBB
9．【解答】ABCC
10．【解答】CBAA
阅读理解（共两节，满分50.0分）
11．【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据The Garden Museum Twer部分If yu exit left ut f Westminster statin，battle yur way ver the bridge and then turn right，past the view f Big Ben and walk alng the suth side f the Thames，yu'll cme t a medieval （中世纪的） church.（如果你从威斯敏斯特车站左边出口，艰难地穿过桥，然后向右拐，经过大本钟，沿着泰晤士河南岸走，你就会来到一座中世纪的教堂。）以及While yu might be interested in British garden design，it's the 14th﹣Century twer that's the main attractin fr phtgraphers.（虽然你可能对英国花园设计感兴趣，但对摄影师来说，这座14世纪的塔楼才是最吸引人的地方。）可知如果你想拍摄这座14世纪的塔楼，你可以去泰晤士河的南岸。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据Seabird，Suthwark部分（参赛费用：买饮料：生啤酒6.5英镑，小杯葡萄酒9英镑，一份橄榄5英镑。）可知在Seabird，Suthwark买杯饮料就可以免费欣赏城市风景。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第一段But with a little insider knwledge，yu can save yur punds and bag yur skyline phts withut the crwds thrugh accessing the fllwing viewpints.（但只要掌握一些内幕知识，你就可以在没有人群的情况下，通过以下观点来减肥和打包你的天际线照片。）可知这四种观点的共同点是它们不拥挤。故选C。
12．【解答】（1）细节理解题。文章第一段提到While sme students prefer material rewards fr gd behavir，all Kamern Eisenberg wanted was t be the first ne n the bus.That way，he'd be able t spend a little extra time with the schl bus driver Charles Friersn.In the few minutes they shared tgether each afternn，Mr.Charles wuld chat with Kamern，encurage him，and generally brighten his day. （虽然有些学生更喜欢对良好行为的物质奖励，但Kamern Eisenberg 只想成为第一个上车的人。这样，他就能多花点时间和校车司机Charles Friersn在一起了。在每天下午他们共处的那几分钟里，查尔斯会和卡梅伦聊天，鼓励他，通常会让他的一天变得愉快。）由此可知，Kamern和Mr.Charles已经成为朋友了。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。文章第三段提到 At the beginning f the schl year，Kamern was having sme difficulties in class.His behavir gt him sent t the administratr's ffice almst every day. （新学年开始时，Kamern在课堂上遇到了一些困难。他的行为使他几乎每天都被送到行政办公室。）由此可知，那段时间，他在学校表现得不好。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。文章倒数第二段提到 "I have always believed angels cme when yu least expect them." She wrte， "This hlds especially true in regards t Mr.Charles.I wuld like him t knw hw much we abslutely lve him fr wh he is and what he has dne fr my sn."（"我一直相信天使会在最不经意的时候出现。"她写道："这对Mr.Charles来说尤其如此。我想让他知道，我们是多么爱他，因为他是什么样的人，以及他为我儿子所做的一切。"）由此可知，Kamern的妈妈写这封信是为了向Mr.Charles表示感谢。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。文章第一段中提到In the few minutes they shared tgether each afternn，Mr.Charles wuld chat with Kamern，encurage him，and generally brighten his day. （在每天下午他们共处的那几分钟里，Mr.Charles和Kamern会一起聊天，鼓励他，这通常会让他的一天变得愉快。）文章的第三段提到After checking in with his teacher，the bus driver wuld smetimes even talk t him abut any prblems he was having in schl. （在和老师核对了之后，公交车司机有时甚至会和他谈谈他在学校遇到的任何问题。）由此可知，Mr.Charles非常关心他人，同时又有着积极的生活态度。故选B。
13．【解答】（1）目的意图题。根据第一段Getting rid f ld tyres has lng been a prblem.Mst are thrwn int landfills r piled up in strage Energy recvery is anther cmmn methd.This invlves burning tyres t generate electricity r heat fr industries，but that prduces planet warming pllutin；r we use them t repair rads，but chemicals frm them might pllute the grund（报废旧轮胎一直是个问题。大多数被扔进垃圾填埋场或堆放在仓库中能源回收是另一种常见的方法。这包括燃烧轮胎为工业发电或供热，但这会造成地球变暖污染或者我们用它们来修路，但它们产生的化学物质可能会污染地面），可知第一段的目的是提出报废旧轮胎的问题，故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段的After tearing dwn the steel，the remaining material is expsed t high temperatures in the absence f air t make the rubber change int a mix f hydrcarbn gases，and then they're remved.What is left behind is pure carbn black.Once the remved gases cl dwn，a part f them liquefies int TDO（拆下钢材后，剩余材料在没有空气的情况下暴露在高温下，使橡胶变成碳氢化合物气体的混合物，然后将其去除。剩下的是纯炭黑。一旦去除的气体冷却下来，其中一部分就会液化成TDO），我们可以推断出轮胎的回收过程中，TDO来自去除的碳氢化合物气体，故选D。
（3）代词指代题。根据最后一段的The recvered TDO is well﹣suited fr making diesel （柴油）.While nt cmpletely carbn﹣neutral， it des prduce an 80﹣90% reductin in emissins f carbn dixide，cmpared with the cnventinal fuel（回收的TDO非常适合制造柴油。虽然不完全是碳中和的，但与传统燃料相比，它确实减少了80﹣90%的二氧化碳排放），可知 it 代指diesel，即来自于TDO的柴油，故选A。
（4）标题判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段Sme firms，therefre，have begun explring an alternative.One such firm is Wastefrnt，which wns a big tyre﹣recycling plant in nrth﹣east England.In a cuple f years，it will be able t turn 8 millin ld tyres int new prducts，including a black liquid called TDO （因此，一些公司已经开始探索替代方案。Wastefrnt就是这样一家公司，它在英格兰东北部拥有一家大型轮胎回收厂。几年后，它将能够将800万个旧轮胎转化为新产品，包括一种名为TDO的黑色液体），可知本文主要介绍一种替代原来处理废旧轮胎的新方案，所以D.The Alternative t Tyre﹣recycling（轮胎回收的替代方案）可以作为最佳标题，故选D。
14．【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段的Early humans had t hunt，gather fd and prtect themselves.Thse activities cnsumed much time，s unless sleep served very imprtant purpses，thse wh slept less wuld have an advantage（早期的人类必须狩猎、采集食物和保护自己。这些活动消耗了很多时间，所以除非睡眠有非常重要的作用，否则睡眠较少的人会有优势），可知早期人类的例子表明睡眠在人类历史上具有重要意义，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段的The brain creates s many cnnectins daily that particular circuits can be heavily burdened（大脑每天都会产生如此多的连接，以至于特定的电路可能会承受沉重的负担），可知作者在第二段中表达了我们的大脑可能会因突触连接而超载的信息，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Dr.Cirelli explained that during sleep，a great many synaptic cnnectins are weakened s that cnnectins are mre available fr new learning the next day（Cirelli博士解释说，在睡眠期间，许多突触连接都会减弱，这样第二天就可以更好地进行新的学习），可知Chirelli博士的研究发现睡眠可以减轻突触负担，故选A。
（4）态度判断题。根据最后一段Yu dn't have t be a scientist t understand that nt sleeping well affects next day functining — this is cmmn cultural 's research is an example f science shwing the "why" and "hw" mechanisms that underlie that wisdm（你不必是一个科学家就能理解睡眠不好会影响第二天的功能﹣﹣﹣这是常见的文化智慧。Cirelli博士的研究是一个科学例子，展示了这种智慧背后的"为什么"和"如何"机制），可知作者对Cirelli博士的研究是赞同的，故选D。
15．【解答】（1）联系上下文题。根据上文It's different with ld credit cards，which shuld be destryed s nbdy can use them fraudulently（欺诈地）. （这与旧信用卡不同，旧信用卡应该被销毁，这样就没有人可以欺诈性地使用它们。）以及下文 Here's hw t get rid f an ld card.（以下是如何处理旧卡。）、Cut up plastic cards（切碎塑料卡）、Send back metal cards（寄回金属卡）可知，本句说明怎样处理旧卡，选项E.But hw t destry a payment card prperly is nt bvius，especially with new metal credit cards.（但如何正确销毁支付卡并不明确，尤其是使用新的金属信用卡。）符合语境，故选E。
（2）联系上文题。根据上文"We recmmend that cnsumers cut thrugh the EMV chip，then further cut the card a few times alng the shrt side，and dispse f the sectins in mre than ne trash bag，" says Sarah Gran，a spkeswman fr the American Bankers Assciatin.（美国银行家协会发言人Sarah Gran说："我们建议消费者切开EMV芯片，然后沿着卡片的短边再切几次，然后把这些部分放在多个垃圾袋里处理。"）可知，旧卡应该破碎后放在不同的地方，选项C.Or feed cards int a machine designed t handle them.（或者将卡片放入专门处理卡片的机器中。）符合语境，故选C。
（3）联系下文题。根据下文Cntact yur issuer.Typically，yu can mail it back fr dispsal.（请联系您的发卡行。通常，您可以将其寄回进行处理。）可知，旧金属卡需要做专门处理，否则易出事故，选项F.Destrying a metal card by yurself is harder and ptentially dangerus.（自己销毁一张金属卡片更难，而且有潜在的危险。）符合语境，故选F。
（4）联系上文题。根据上文Dn't bsess abut identity theft f an ld credit card.Yu generally wn't be respnsible fr fraudulent charges anyway.（不要为旧信用卡的身份盗窃而烦恼。不论如何，你通常不愿对欺诈指控负责。）可知，处理旧卡时，需要警惕关联账户，以免造成财产损失，选项D.Take care with debit cards and ther plastic where fraud means yu might be missing mney.（小心使用借记卡和其他塑料卡，因为欺诈意味着你可能会失去钱财。）符合语境，故选D。
（5）联系上文题。根据上文And when yu clse an accunt，yu have less available credit.（当你关闭一个账户时，你的可用信贷就会减少。）可知，关闭信用卡会影响你的信用等级，选项B.Scres als cnsider the length f time yu've had the card pen.（信用评级还要考虑你持卡时间的长短。）符合语境，故选B。
语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
16．【解答】（1）考查名词/形容词及语境理解。A.cllege学院；B.junir初级的；C.primary小学的；D.senir高级的。句意：然而，加拿大的一位小学老师Jennifer Thiessen却有不同的想法，并确保她的学生为生活做好准备。根据下文three third﹣graders and secnd furth﹣graders可知是小学的老师。故选C。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.creatively创造性地；B.differently不同地；C.sharply急剧地；D.psitively积极地。句意：然而，加拿大的一位小学老师Jennifer Thiessen却有不同的想法，并确保她的学生为生活做好准备。故选B。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.applying申请；B.checking检查；C.cultivating培养；D.sharing共享。句意：据她说，培养这些技能和学生知道如何乘法和除法一样重要。根据下文was as imprtant as students knwing hw t multiply and divide可知是说培养这些能力。故选C。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.theries理论；B.schedules时间表；C.issues问题；D.cncerns担忧。句意：Thiessen与另一位老师Kyla Stradling讨论了她的担忧，他们想出了一个计划。根据下文and they came up with a plan可知是讨论。故选D。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.related相关的；B.expsed暴露的；C.addicted上瘾的；D.devted投入的。句意：他们给学生们做了一个与传播善意有关的项目。他们称之为"善良项目"。根据下文They called it the "Kindness Prject".可知是与传播善意相关的项目。故选A。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.remind提醒；B.frce强迫；C.inspire启发；D.invite邀请。句意：Thiessen在2018年告诉她的三年级学生，"如果我们能成为善良的火花，我们就能激励他人做出善举。"根据上文If we culd be that spark f kindness可知是启发。故选C。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.practices实践；B.wnders奇迹；C.assignments任务；D.prjects项目。句意：学生们创造了奇迹。故选B。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.tls工具；B.services服务；C.items项目；D.gifts礼物。句意：他们赚了大约400美元，然后用这些钱买了一些小礼物，比如鲜花和狗狗零食。根据下文like flwers and dg treats可知是小礼物。故选D。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.strangers陌生人；B.friends朋友；C.teachers教师；D.parents父母。句意：然后他们把它分发给学校附近的陌生人。故选A。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.estimate估计；B.perfrm表现，执行；C.adpt采用；D.apprve批准。句意："这个项目不是关于谁能在学业上表现出色，"她说。故选B。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.ambitins雄心；B.challenges挑战；C.regrets遗憾；D.requirements要求。句意："这是一个人人参与的项目。它对能力没有任何要求。"根据下文when it cmes t ability可知是没有能力要求。故选D。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.invlved参与；B.revealed透露；C.implied隐含；D.stimulated刺激。句意：由于该项目的成功，该校共有五个班参与。故选A。
（13）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.reflected n反思；B.based n基于；C.built n基于；D.fcused n专注于。句意：今年，100名学生被分成多个小组，专注于不同的任务。根据下文sme were at cffee shps helping peple buy beverages，while thers waited 可知是专注于不同的任务。故选D。
（14）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.pick up拾取；B.give ut发放；C.srt ut整理；D.cpe with应付。句意：3月15日，一些人在咖啡店帮助人们购买饮料，而另一些人则在当地公园等待分发狗粮和鲜花。根据上文They then gave it ut 可知是分发。故选B。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.prud自豪的；B.wrthy值得的；C.capable有能力的；D.aware有意识的。句意：除了开始一连串的善意，老师还想向学生展示他们的能力。故选C。
17．【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：2011年3月，日本经历了有记录以来最强烈的地震。分析句子，形容词修饰名词，设空处所给词为动词，应用其过去分词式的形容词recrded（有记录的）修饰histry。故填recrded。
（2）考查关系代词。句意：地震引发海啸，海啸严重损坏了福岛核电站。分析句子，a tsunami为先行词，设空处引导定语从句，指代先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用which。故填which。
（3）考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，它已经收集了130多万吨。分析句子，结合时间状语s far，句子时态为现在完成时，cllect和主语之间为主动关系，且主语为it，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故填has cllected。
（4）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：据该公司称，废水在其释放之前被稀释。分析句子，形容词性物主代词修饰名词，设空处应用its修饰release。故填its。
（5）考查不定式。句意：一些最危险的物质很可能会留在里面。分析句子，be likely t d sth.（有可能做某事），为固定短语，设空处应用不定式，故填t remain。
（6）考查副词。句意：它们会污染海洋，污染海洋中的动物，最后污染地球。分析句子，副词修饰动词pllute，设空处应用副词finally（最后）。故填finally。
（7）考查冠词。句意：同一天，中国宣布立即禁止所有来自日本的海鲜产品。分析句子，ban为可数名词，单数形式，设空处应用冠词，结合immediate修饰ban，以元音音素开头，冠词应用an，故填an。
（8）考查名词。句意：这一决定是为了"保护人民的生命和健康"。分析句子，设空处在句中作主语，结合this和was，设空处应用名词单数形式decisin（决定）作主语，故填decisin。
（9）考查形容词。句意：日本外务省在一份声明中称日本此举"自私且不负责任"。分析句子，and连接并列成分作宾语补足语，结合irrespnsible，设空处应用形容词，结合句意，表示"自私的"，用形容词selfish，故填selfish。
（10）考查介词。句意：这只是时间问题。分析句子，a matter f 为固定短语，译为"...的问题"，设空处应用介词f，故填f。
写作（共两节，满分40分）
18．【解答】Dear Prfessr Williams，
I am hnred t give a presentatin abut Chinese culture t internatinal students at yur invitatin.
I' am very delighted t take this pprtunity t cmmunicate with freign friends abut cultures.（接受邀请）
My presentatin will be abut Chinese martial arts，which is an imprtant part f Chinese culture.【高分句型一】First，I will briefly intrduce it and its develpment ver millennia.Then，I will fcus n sme cmmn styles f Chinese martial arts.Furthermre，I will shw sme phts f relevant histrical lcatins and figures.I believe that graphic visual depictin will be mre impressive than bring language.【高分句型二】（介绍演讲主题和要点）
Thank yu fr yur invitatin.I am lking frward t seeing yu.
Sincerely yurs，
Li Hua
19．【解答】Jhn has changed significantly ver the past eighteen years.As he grew lder，he began t see things fr what they really are.【高分句型一】Mst peple feel srry fr Jhn，and they feel as if they shuld be the ne helping him.Jhn，hwever，des nt even see that he has a prblem，nly that there are prblems ut there that peple need help with，and he wants t help.If my mentally handicapped brther can have s many prblems f his wn，vercme these prblems as if they are nthing and want t help thers，then surely I can vercme bstacles f my wn.（哥哥一直想要帮助其他人）
As I grw lder，I'm n lnger ashamed f my brther；instead，I am ashamed that I used t be.There is n ne I wuld rather walk thrugh a stre with，and n ne I wuld rather have a "quiet" cnversatin with in the midst f a quiet restaurant.I beam with pride when smene tells me they lve my brther，because I knw I am truly blessed t have Jhn in my life t keep me real and remind me f what is imprtant.【高分句型二】Jhn has taught me t live life，t lve life.S He is definitely a superher in my mind.（哥哥让作者保持自我，是作者心目中的英雄）A.It culd be wrth clsing the accunt anyway.
B.Scres als cnsider the length f time yu've had the card pen.
C.Or feed cards int a machine designed t handle them.
D.Take care with debit cards and ther plastic where fraud means yu might be missing mney.
E.But hw t destry a payment card prperly is nt bvius，especially with new metal credit cards.
F.Destrying a metal card by yurself is harder and ptentially dangerus.
G.Skip this step if yu're simply replacing an expired card r ne that has been cmprmised.
（1）A.cllege
B.junir
C.primary
D.senir
（2）A.creatively
B.differently
C.sharply
D.psitively
（3）A.applying
B.checking
C.cultivating
D.sharing
（4）A.theries
B.schedules
C.issues
D.cncerns
（5）A.related
B.expsed
C.addicted
D.devted
（6）A.remind
B.frce
C.inspire
D.invite
（7）A.practices
B.wnders
C.assignments
D.prjects
（8）A.tls
B.services
C.items
D.gifts
（9）A.strangers
B.friends
C.teachers
D.parents
（10）A.estimate
B.perfrm
C.adpt
D.apprve
（11）A.ambitins
B.challenges
C.regrets
D.requirements
（12）A.invlved
B.revealed
C.implied
D.stimulated
（13）A.reflected n
B.based n
C.built n
D.fcused n
（14）A.pick up
B.give ut
C.srt ut
D.cpe with
（15）A.prud
B.wrthy
C.capable
D.aware