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人教版七年级下册英语Unit 4知识点梳理及语法讲义（教师版+学生版）
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这是一份人教版七年级下册英语Unit 4知识点梳理及语法讲义（教师版+学生版），文件包含人教版七年级下册英语Unit4知识点梳理及语法讲义教师版docx、人教版七年级下册英语Unit4知识点梳理及语法讲义学生版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共32页， 欢迎下载使用。
七年级下册英语Unit 4知识点与语法精讲精练词汇梳理 （一）完成单词梳理：名词：1. rule 规则；规章 2. hallway 走廊；过道 3. hall 大厅；礼堂 4. uniform 校服；制服 5. dish 碟；盘 6. kitchen 厨房7. luck 幸运；运气 8. hair 头发；毛发 动词：1. arrive 到达 2. listen 听；倾听 3. wear 穿；戴 4. bring 带来；取来 5. relax 放松；休息 6. read 读；阅读 7. feel 感受；觉得 8. remember 记住；记起 9. follow 遵循；跟随 10. keep 保持；保留 11. learn 学习；学会副词：1. out 外出 形容词：1. sorry 抱歉的；难过的；惋惜的 2. important 重要的 3. quiet 安静的 4. dirty 脏的5. noisy 吵闹的 6. terrible 非常讨厌的；可怕的7. strict 严格的；严厉的兼类词：1. fight （v/n）打架；战斗 2. outside （adv）在外面（adj）外面的 3. practice （v/n）练习 4. before （prep/conj）在……以前（adv）以前5. more （adj/pron）更多（的） （二）词汇变形小结：listen听；倾听(v.) → ___listener____ (n.)倾听者important 重要的(adj.) → __importance___ (n.)重要性→ __importantly__ (adv.重要地)quiet 安静的(adj.) → ___quietly____(adv.)安静地dish 碟；盘(n.) → ____dishes____(复数)more 更多的(adj/pron.) → ___many/much___ (adj.)许多noisy 吵闹的(adj.) → ___noise____ (n.) 噪音relax 放松；休息(v.) → ___relaxing____ (adj.)令人放松的 → ___relaxed____ (adj.)放松的read 读(v.) → ____reader____ (n.)阅读者terrible 可怕的(adj.) → ___terribly____ (adv.) 可恶地feel 感受；觉得(v.) → ___feeling_____ (n.) 感觉luck 幸运；运气(n.) → ____lucky_____ (adj.) 幸运的 → ___luckily____ (adv.) 幸运地keep 保持；保留(v.) → ____keeper____ (n.) 保管人；饲养员【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空We don’t like these ____rules_____ (rule). They are too strict. Ling Ling often helps her mother do the ____dishes____ (dish) after dinner. Look at the sign on the wall, “Be ____quiet_____ (quietly) in the library!” Mr. Green is very busy. He can’t ____relax_____ (relaxing) even on weekends.David has to do his homework ____first_____ (one) when he is at home.Please don’t be ____noisy_____ (noise). The baby is sleeping.Listening to music can make us feel ____relaxed____ (relax).It is __important___ (importance) for students to listen carefully in class.Tom always ___arrives____ (arrive) at school ahead of time（提前）. He is a good student.He is always ready to help others and he thinks ____more____ (much) of others than himself.（三）短语攻关： (be) on time 准时 in the dining hall 在餐厅里 listen to music 听音乐 in class 在课堂上 a lot of 许多；很多 bring ... to ... 把……带到…… have to 必须；不得不 school uniform 校服 keep/be quiet 保持安静 go out 外出（娱乐） do the dishes 清洗餐具 help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 learn to do sth. 学着去做某事 make rules 制定规章制度 make one’s bed 铺床 good luck 祝你好运 be strict (with sb.) （对某人）要求严格 follow the rules 遵守规则知识点梳理 1. Don’t arrive late for class. 上课不要迟到。【用法详解】arrive不及物动词，意为“到达”，其后不能直接跟宾语。arrive in+ 大 （大/小）地点；arrive at+ 小 （大/小）地点。Eg.I will arrive in Shanghai tomorrow. 我将于明天到达上海。 I usually arrive at school at 7:50 in the morning. 我通常在早上7:50到达学校。【易混辨析】重点：arrive与get【注意】当arrive/get后跟地点副词home/here/there等时，后面的介词要省略！Eg.How did you arrive/get there? 你是怎样到达那里的？【即学即用】1.We ___D____ school at 7:00 every day.A.get B.go C.arrive D.arrive at 2.Alice can arrive ___D____ here before 8:00. A. in B. at C. for D. /3.Tom never __arrives___ (arrive) home late after school. 4.我们必须在7点之前到达学校。（翻译句子）__We must arrive at school before 7:00___________________________.2. You must be on time. 你必须准时。【用法详解】知识点1： must情态动词，意为“必须”，不能单独作谓语，必须和动词 原形 一起构成谓语。其否定形式为 mustn’t ，意为“禁止；千万不要”。Eg.I must do my homework before dinner. 晚饭前我必须做作业。【拓展延伸】以must开头的一般疑问句的否定回答不用mustn’t，而用needn’t或者don’t/doesn’t have to，意为“不必”。Eg.—Must I do my homework now? 我必须现在做我的作业吗？ —Yes, you must./No, you needn’t/don’t have to. 是的，你必须。/不，你不必。知识点2： （be）on time固定短语，意为“ 准时；按时 ”。Eg.We must get to school on time. 我们必须按时到达学校。【拓展延伸】time的其他短语time in time 及时for the first time第一次at the same time同时at times 有时；偶尔from tome to time 有时all the time 一直；总是【即学即用】1.我们每天必须按时到校。（完成句子）We __have___ ___to___ get to school ___on___ ___time___ every day.2.没有及时赶上公交车，他因此不能准时到那里。（完成句子）She didn’t catch the bus ___in___ time, so she couldn’t __arrive__ there ___on___ time.3.Listen guys. Everyone ___D____ wear a mask（口罩）. Go and buy one if you don’t have one.A. can’t B. can C. mustn’t D. must4.You ___B____ smoke here! Look at the sign. It says “No smoking!”A.needn’t B. mustn’t C. may D. can3. Don’t listen to music in class. 不要在课堂上听音乐。【用法详解】知识点1： 重点：listen意为“听；倾听”，不及物动词，其后接宾语时，要加介词 to 。Eg.Listen! Mary is singing. 听！玛丽在唱歌。 Listen to me carefully, please. 请认真听我说。【易混辨析】listen, hear与soundEg.I listened carefully, but I heard nothing. 我认真地听了听，但什么都没听见。 Your story sounds interesting. 你的故事听起来很有趣。知识点2： in class意为“在课堂上；上课时”，in the class意为“在班里”。Eg.Listen to your teacher carefully in class. 在课堂上要认真听老师讲课。 There are 40 students in the class. 这个班有40名学生。【即学即用】1.Don’t ___D____ music in the classroom. A. listen B. listens C. to listen D. listen to2.We all ___B____ the man carefully, but we can’t ________ what he says. A. listen to; listen to B. listen to; hear C. hear; listen to D. hear; hear3.玛丽,做作业的时候不要听音乐。（完成句子）Mary, ___don’t___ ___listen___ ___to____ music when you do your homework.4. This is very important. 这很重要。【用法详解】important形容词，意为“重要的”，可作表语，也可放在名词前作定语。常用句型：It is important for sb. to do sth.意为“对某人来说做某事很重要”。Eg.I have some important news to tell you. 我有一些重要消息要告诉你。 It is important for us to learn English well. 对我们来说学好英语很重要。【拓展延伸】important的名词形式为 importance ，意为“重要性”，the importance of ...意为“…的重要性”。Eg.We all know the importance of English. 我们都知道英语的重要性。【即学即用】1.It is important ___A____ us to make full use of time. A. for B. of C.with D. to5. Can we bring music players to school? 我们可以带音乐播放器到学校吗？【易混辨析】bring, take与get【即学即用】1.Kate, ___A____ your homework here tomorrow.A. bring B. brings C. take D. takes2.Can you ___B____ your baseball ________ school? A.take; in B.bring; to C.bring; in D.need; to6. practice the guitar 练习吉他【用法详解】practice此处用作动词，意为“练习”，其后可跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语，作名词时，意为“练习；实践”。重点：常用搭配： practice doing sth. 练习做某事Eg.Let’s practice speaking English together. 让我们一起练习说英语吧。 It needs a lot of practice to play the piano well. 弹好钢琴需要大量的练习。【即学即用】1.Don’t practice ___A____ basketball in your house at night.A.playing B. to play C. play D. plays2.I have to practice __speaking__(speak) English every day.3.他周末通常练习弹吉他。（完成句子）He usually __practices__ __playing____ ___the____ ___guitar___ on weekends.7. help his mom make breakfast 帮他妈妈做早餐【用法详解】help用作动词，意为“帮助；援助”，其常见用法如下：helphelp sb. with sth.帮助某人某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事help oneself to ...随便吃...Eg.Jane often helps me with my math. 简经常帮我学数学。【拓展延伸】help还可作不可数名词，意为“帮助；援助”。【即学即用】1.We often help the old man ___A____.A. to do some cleaning B. cleaned C. cleans D. cleaning2.Sun Hai was helping his mother ___C____ dinner when his father got home from work. A.making B.makes C.to make D.made8. There are too many rules！ 有太多的规章制度！【易混辨析】重点：too many, too much与much too【即学即用】1.There are ___A___ rules in my home.We have _______ homework to do today.A.too many; too much B.too much; many too C.too many; much too D.much too; many too2.I have ___B___ things to do today,so I’m _______ busy. A.too many; too many B.too many; much too C.too much; much too D.too much; too many3.We have ___B___ rules in the English club. A.too much B.too many C.much too D.many too9. I must read a book before I can watch TV. 在可以看电视之前，我必须先读一本书。【易混辨析】“四个看”：read, watch, look与seeEg.My father reads newspapers every morning. 我爸爸每天早上看报纸。 Tom likes watching football matches. 汤姆喜欢看足球比赛。 Look at this picture carefully. 认真看这种图片。 I see a bird in the tree. 我看到树上有一只鸟。10. Parents and schools are sometimes strict, but remember, they make rules to help us. 父母和学校有时（对我们）要求严格，但记住，他们制定规章制度是为了帮我们。【用法详解】strict形容词，意为“严格的；严厉的”。常考短语： be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格；be strict in sth.对某事严谨Eg.He is very strict with his students. 他对他的学生要求非常严格。 He is very strict in his work. 他工作很严谨。【易混辨析】重点：remember to do sth.与remember doing sth.【即学即用】1.John, remember ___C___ off the lights when you leave the room.A. turn B. turned C. to turn D. turning 2.一Please remember ___A___ soccer with us next week.一OK. No problem.A.to play B. playing C. play D. plays3.Miss Wang is strict ___C___ us _______ our work. A. with; with B. in; in C. with; in D. in; with4.Remember __to do___ (do) your homework first after school.5.请记得遵守学校里的规定。 Please __remember__ ____to____ ___follow___ the school rules. 11. ... I have to/must keep my hair short. ……我必须留短发。【用法详解】keep及物动词，意为“保持；保留”，常用于“keep+名词+宾语补足语”结构，其中，宾语补足语通常由形容词、副词、介词短语或动词-ing形式等充当，意为“保持……处于某种状态”。Eg.We must keep the classroom clean. 我们必须保持教室干净。 I’m sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起，让你久等了。【即学即用】1.Fruits and vegetables can be helpful to keep people __healthy___ (healthy).2.The boss (老板) always keeps these workers __working__ (work) over 10 hours a day. 课堂小测一、单项选择1.—Do you help your mother do ___A____ dishes at home? —Yes,and I make ________ bed every day. A.the; my B./; my C./; the D./; /2.Don’t listen ___D____ the music in the classroom ________ in the hallways.A. /; and B. /; or C. to; / D. to; or3.All the students are talking and laughing in the classroom and it’s ___A____.A.noisy B. lonely C. quiet D. strict4.—What’s your Chinese teacher like?—She is always strict ___D____ us ________ our study. A.in; in B.with; with C.in; with D.with; in5.—Do you often arrive late ___A____ school in the morning? —No.I go to school ________ time every day. A.for; on B.with; on C.for; in D.with; in6.There are ___A____ people in the hall and there are ________ noise in it. A. too many; too much B. too many; much too C. too much; too many D. too much; much too 7.Please remember ___A____ the door when you leave. A. to close B. close C. closing D. closed8. -Your hat is very ___D____.You must keep it clean. -OK. I will clean it.A.noisy B.quiet C.good D.dirty9.—Your English is really excellent. How do you study English?—I join the English club and practice ___A____ English every day.A. speaking B. to speak C. speak D. speaks 10.—I’ll have an English test this Tuesday.—___A____. A. Good luck B. You are welcome C. Sounds good D. That’s OK 11.Little Mary says good night to her parents ___C____ she goes to bed every day. A. if B. until C. before D. unless12.—Do you like swimming in winter? —Of course. The water ___A____ a bit cold at first, but then I am warm and full of energy. A.feels B.tastes C.smells D.looks13.My mother always wants me ___D____ the violin. But I don’t like it at all.A. learn to play B. learn play C. to learn play D. to learn to play14.—Tom, you shouldn’t ___B____ your cat to school —Sorry, Mr.Green. I won’t do that again.A. take B. bring C. give D. get15.It’s ___B____ for us to follow the traffic（交通）rules. A. relaxing B. important C. terrible D. funny二、用所给词的适当形式填空1. After school, Tina usually learns ___to play____ (play) the violin in the music club. 2. You can ____relax____ (relaxing) yourself on weekends.3. Remember ___to wear____ (wear) your school uniform when you come to school.4. The classroom is too ____noisy____ (noise), so we can’t read books at all.5. We usually have fun ___learning___ (learn) English in Miss Liu’s class.6. Too many ____rules____ (rule) make Molly feel terrible.7. It's weekend now. I feel really ___relaxed____ (relax) at home.8. I think we are very ____lucky____ (luck) to go to school. 9. The school and the parents makes a lot of rules ___to help____ (help) children. 10. They have to practice ___playing___ (play) the piano every night. 完形填空Dear Jill,I got your story from my pen pal. I know you have many 1 rules in your house. It's really 2 . In my house I don't have many rules. I can go out 3 school nights, but I need to go home 4 ten o'clock. I like 5 the drums. It's really noisy when I play them, but Mom doesn't mind(介意) it. She thinks it's OK. I like playing computer games, and I often play them when I finish my 6 . “Homework comes first,” Mom always 7 to me. I can sleep 8 on weekends and I enjoy 9 books in bed on weekend mornings. On Saturday afternoon, I usually clean my bedroom. Mom cleans the other rooms, but I often 10 her. Yours,Liu Wei( C ) 1. A. school B. game C. family D. rule( B ) 2. A. exciting B. boring C. happy D. relaxing( B ) 3. A. for B. on C. in D. at( A ) 4. A. before B. from C. after D. as( C ) 5. A. doing B. making C. playing D. walking( A ) 6. A. homework B. dinner C. exercise D. violin( C ) 7. A. tells B. reads C. says D. asks( A ) 8. A. late B. hard C. good D. important( A ) 9. A. reading B. watching C. looking D. seeing( C ) 10. A. feel B. stop C. help D. bring 四、阅读理解( B ) 1.If Leo goes to the library, he can ________. A.eat apples in the reading room B.borrow three books at one time C.take his bag into the reading room D.answer the phone in the reading room( B ) 2.If Jack borrows some books from the library, he can keep them for ________. A.a week B.a month C.five days D.two months( D ) 3.The underlined words “pay for” mean“________”in Chinese. A.归还 B.出示 C.出售 D.赔偿( C ) 4.Amy tell us ________ rules in her school. A.three B.four C.five D.six( C ) 5.Which of the following is TRUE? A.Amy can run in the hallways at school. B.Amy can’t talk with her classmates in class. C.Amy wears the school uniform five days a week. D.Molly is a student and follows the rules of the library.五、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词，注意使用适当形式。1.妈妈每天早上都帮汤姆铺床。Mom helps Tom ____make_____ _____his_____ ____bed_____ every morning.2.我们每天必须按时到校。We ____have_____ _____to_____ get to school ____on______ ____time_____ every day.3.我父母对我的妹妹要求很严格。 My parents ____are______ ___strict_____ ____with_____ my sister.4.他每天练习游泳两个小时。He ___practices___ ___swimming____ for two hours ___every_____ ____day_____.5.在上学的晚上我不能出去。I ____can’t_____ ____go______ ____out_____ ____on______ school nights.语法精讲 祈使句一、语法概述 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫作祈使句。祈使句最常用于表达命令，因其主语是第二人称you且往往被省略，因此祈使句一般以动词原形开头。Eg.Go and wash your hands. 去洗洗你的手。（命令） Be quiet, please. 请安静。（请求） Practice the guitar every day. 每天练习吉他。（建议）【注意】为了表达委婉的语气，可在句首或句尾加上please。please在句尾时要用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。Eg.Don’t talk in the library, please. 请不要在图书馆说话。二、祈使句的基本结构【拓展延伸】表示禁止，常用于标语、警示语的否定祈使句结构为：“No +动词-ing形式”或“No +可数名词复数形式/不可数名词”。Eg.No smoking. 禁止吸烟。 No photos. 禁止拍照。语法小测一、单项选择1.Molly, ____D____ afraid of speaking in front of people. You are the best one. A. don’t B. not C. not be D. don’t be 2.“No____B____!”says the sign.A.smoke B.smoking C.smokes D.to smoke3.---It’s late, Teresa. ____A____ earlier next time and you’ll have enough time to have breakfast. ---OK, Mom. I’ll remember. A.Get up B.Getting up C.To get up D.Gets up 4.____B____ this rock music, please. I’m afraid some people can’t stand the noise! A.Stopping B.Stop C.Stops D.Stopped5.____C____ call me Wangwang! It’s my dog’s name. A. Not B. No C. Don’t D. Doesn’t6.—Jim, ___A____ read books while you are walking in the street. It’s very dangerous.—OK, thank you.A.don’t B.doesn’t C.won’t D.can’t 7.— Can we listen to music here?— ___C____. Listening to music is not allowed (被允许) in the library.A.Yes, we can B. Yes, we can’t C. No, you can’t D. No, you can8.—Attention (注意), please! ___B____ inside (里面) because of the heavy rain.—We will, Mr. Li.A.To stay B. Stay C. Staying D.Stays9.Please ____C____ look outside. Listen to the teacher carefully.A.not B.aren’t C.don’t D.can’t10.---Mike, ___C_____ run in the hallways.---_________, Ms.White.A. don’t; No B. doesn’t; Excuse me C. don’t; Sorry D. doesn’t; thank you11.Let’s ___A_____ dinner first, shall we?A.make B. making C. makes D. made二、语法填空There are many rules in our school library. 1._Don’t_ talk in the library. You must 2.__read__ (read) the books quietly. You 3.__can’t__ eat anything in the library. You can eat in the 4.__dinning_ (dinner) hall. When you’re in the library, you can’t 5.__listen_ (listen) to music. You mustn’t 6._make_ (make) a noise in it. You have to 7.__read__ (read) books in the library. You mustn’t take the books out of the library. Finally, 8. __can___ you take photos in the library? No, you can’t.Anybody mustn’t take their cameras (照相机) to the library. We hope these 9.__rules__ (rule) can help you. Have 10.___a___ good time in the library!三、句型转换，每空一词。1.We can wear our own clothes. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)—___Can___ you ___wear___ your own clothes?—____No___ , ___we____ ___can’t___.2.You can’t talk in the classroom. (改为祈使句)__Don’t___ ___talk____ in the classroom!3.Do your homework after school! (改为否定句)___Don’t___ ___do____ your homework after school!4.We have to wear a uniform.(改为否定句)We ___don’t___ ___have___ ____to____ ___wear___ a uniform.四、书面表达国有国法，家有家规，当然学校也不例外。请你以“Our School Rules”为题，写出你在学校必须遵守的规则以及你对这些规则的看法。词数：60-80。 Our School Rules_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】Our School RulesWe have some rules at school. We have to go to school at seven o’clock. We must do our homework well and we have to put up our hands before asking questions. We can’t eat or talk loudly in our classroom. We have to be quiet and we can’t run in the hallways. We have to be friendly both to the teachers and to our classmates. We should help others in trouble. I don’t think it’s good to have too many rules but it is necessary to have some school rules. arrive不及物动词，arrive in +大地点（国家、城市等）；arrive at +小地点（车站、学校等）What time does the train arrive? 火车什么时候到？get不及物动词，get to +地点名词Tina gets to the zoo by bike. 蒂娜骑自行车到动物园。单词用法固定搭配listen不及物动词，意为“听；倾听”，侧重听的动作，接宾语时须加to__listen to music____听音乐hear及物动词，意为“听见；听到”，侧重听的结果hear sb do sth. / hear sb doing sth.sound系动词，意为“听起来”，后面接 形容 词作表语That sounds good. 单词含义及用法图解助记bring“带来”，强调将某人或某物从别的地方带到说话者所在的地方来，常用搭配：bring sth./sb.to...把某物/某人带到……take“带走；拿走”，强调说话者所在的地方将某人或某物带到别的地方去get“去拿；去取”，离开说话者所在的地方去取某物后再回来，强调动作的往返too many意为“太多”，后面接 可数 （可数/不可数）名词We have too many things to do today.too much意为“太多”，后面接 不可数 （可数/不可数）名词，也可作状语修饰动词You shouldn’t eat too much meat.much too意为“太……”，后面接 形容 词/ 副 词This cap is much too big for me. 单词用法图解助记read“阅读”，如看报、看书、看杂志等，后接newspaper, letter等词watch“（聚精会神地）看；注视”，如看电视、看比赛等look强调“看”的动作，是不及物动词，后面不能直接跟宾语，需要与介词at连用再接宾语see强调“看”的结果，意为“看见”，如see a boy“看到一个男孩”remember to do sth.“记着要去做某事”，说明事情还没有做Remember to call me up when you get here.remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”，说明事情已经做过了I remember seeing her in this city. My name is Molly.I work in a library.Here are the rules of the library.▲Don’t bring any bags into the reading room.▲Don’t eat in the reading room.▲Keep quiet in the library.Don’t answer the phone in the reading room.▲You can borrow three books at one time and you can keep them for one month.▲You should keep the books clean.If you lose the books, you must pay for them. My name is Amy. I am a student. Here are the rules in my school.▲Don’t be late for class.▲Don’t eat in class.▲Don’t fight.▲Don’t run in the hallways.▲Wear the school uniform on school days.类型句型结构示例Do型肯定：动词原形（+其他成分）.Stand up. 起立。否定： Don’t +动词原形（+其他成分）.Don’t play with fire. 不要玩火。Be型肯定：Be +表语（+其他成分）.Be calm. 冷静。否定： Don’t + be +表语（+其他成分）.Don’t be stupid. 别犯傻。Let型肯定：Let +宾语+动词原形（+其他成分）.Let’s go swimming. 咱们去游泳吧。否定：①Don’t let +宾语+动词原形（+其他成分）. ②Let +宾语+ not +动词原形（+其他成分）.Don’t let him go. 别让他走。=Let him not go.
七年级下册英语Unit 4知识点与语法精讲精练词汇梳理 （一）完成单词梳理：名词：1. rule 规则；规章 2. hallway 走廊；过道 3. hall 大厅；礼堂 4. uniform 校服；制服 5. dish 碟；盘 6. kitchen 厨房7. luck 幸运；运气 8. hair 头发；毛发 动词：1. arrive 到达 2. listen 听；倾听 3. wear 穿；戴 4. bring 带来；取来 5. relax 放松；休息 6. read 读；阅读 7. feel 感受；觉得 8. remember 记住；记起 9. follow 遵循；跟随 10. keep 保持；保留 11. learn 学习；学会副词：1. out 外出 形容词：1. sorry 抱歉的；难过的；惋惜的 2. important 重要的 3. quiet 安静的 4. dirty 脏的5. noisy 吵闹的 6. terrible 非常讨厌的；可怕的7. strict 严格的；严厉的兼类词：1. fight （v/n）打架；战斗 2. outside （adv）在外面（adj）外面的 3. practice （v/n）练习 4. before （prep/conj）在……以前（adv）以前5. more （adj/pron）更多（的） （二）词汇变形小结：listen听；倾听(v.) → ___listener____ (n.)倾听者important 重要的(adj.) → __importance___ (n.)重要性→ __importantly__ (adv.重要地)quiet 安静的(adj.) → ___quietly____(adv.)安静地dish 碟；盘(n.) → ____dishes____(复数)more 更多的(adj/pron.) → ___many/much___ (adj.)许多noisy 吵闹的(adj.) → ___noise____ (n.) 噪音relax 放松；休息(v.) → ___relaxing____ (adj.)令人放松的 → ___relaxed____ (adj.)放松的read 读(v.) → ____reader____ (n.)阅读者terrible 可怕的(adj.) → ___terribly____ (adv.) 可恶地feel 感受；觉得(v.) → ___feeling_____ (n.) 感觉luck 幸运；运气(n.) → ____lucky_____ (adj.) 幸运的 → ___luckily____ (adv.) 幸运地keep 保持；保留(v.) → ____keeper____ (n.) 保管人；饲养员【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空We don’t like these ____rules_____ (rule). They are too strict. Ling Ling often helps her mother do the ____dishes____ (dish) after dinner. Look at the sign on the wall, “Be ____quiet_____ (quietly) in the library!” Mr. Green is very busy. He can’t ____relax_____ (relaxing) even on weekends.David has to do his homework ____first_____ (one) when he is at home.Please don’t be ____noisy_____ (noise). The baby is sleeping.Listening to music can make us feel ____relaxed____ (relax).It is __important___ (importance) for students to listen carefully in class.Tom always ___arrives____ (arrive) at school ahead of time（提前）. He is a good student.He is always ready to help others and he thinks ____more____ (much) of others than himself.（三）短语攻关： (be) on time 准时 in the dining hall 在餐厅里 listen to music 听音乐 in class 在课堂上 a lot of 许多；很多 bring ... to ... 把……带到…… have to 必须；不得不 school uniform 校服 keep/be quiet 保持安静 go out 外出（娱乐） do the dishes 清洗餐具 help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 learn to do sth. 学着去做某事 make rules 制定规章制度 make one’s bed 铺床 good luck 祝你好运 be strict (with sb.) （对某人）要求严格 follow the rules 遵守规则知识点梳理 1. Don’t arrive late for class. 上课不要迟到。【用法详解】arrive不及物动词，意为“到达”，其后不能直接跟宾语。arrive in+ 大 （大/小）地点；arrive at+ 小 （大/小）地点。Eg.I will arrive in Shanghai tomorrow. 我将于明天到达上海。 I usually arrive at school at 7:50 in the morning. 我通常在早上7:50到达学校。【易混辨析】重点：arrive与get【注意】当arrive/get后跟地点副词home/here/there等时，后面的介词要省略！Eg.How did you arrive/get there? 你是怎样到达那里的？【即学即用】1.We ___D____ school at 7:00 every day.A.get B.go C.arrive D.arrive at 2.Alice can arrive ___D____ here before 8:00. A. in B. at C. for D. /3.Tom never __arrives___ (arrive) home late after school. 4.我们必须在7点之前到达学校。（翻译句子）__We must arrive at school before 7:00___________________________.2. You must be on time. 你必须准时。【用法详解】知识点1： must情态动词，意为“必须”，不能单独作谓语，必须和动词 原形 一起构成谓语。其否定形式为 mustn’t ，意为“禁止；千万不要”。Eg.I must do my homework before dinner. 晚饭前我必须做作业。【拓展延伸】以must开头的一般疑问句的否定回答不用mustn’t，而用needn’t或者don’t/doesn’t have to，意为“不必”。Eg.—Must I do my homework now? 我必须现在做我的作业吗？ —Yes, you must./No, you needn’t/don’t have to. 是的，你必须。/不，你不必。知识点2： （be）on time固定短语，意为“ 准时；按时 ”。Eg.We must get to school on time. 我们必须按时到达学校。【拓展延伸】time的其他短语time in time 及时for the first time第一次at the same time同时at times 有时；偶尔from tome to time 有时all the time 一直；总是【即学即用】1.我们每天必须按时到校。（完成句子）We __have___ ___to___ get to school ___on___ ___time___ every day.2.没有及时赶上公交车，他因此不能准时到那里。（完成句子）She didn’t catch the bus ___in___ time, so she couldn’t __arrive__ there ___on___ time.3.Listen guys. Everyone ___D____ wear a mask（口罩）. Go and buy one if you don’t have one.A. can’t B. can C. mustn’t D. must4.You ___B____ smoke here! Look at the sign. It says “No smoking!”A.needn’t B. mustn’t C. may D. can3. Don’t listen to music in class. 不要在课堂上听音乐。【用法详解】知识点1： 重点：listen意为“听；倾听”，不及物动词，其后接宾语时，要加介词 to 。Eg.Listen! Mary is singing. 听！玛丽在唱歌。 Listen to me carefully, please. 请认真听我说。【易混辨析】listen, hear与soundEg.I listened carefully, but I heard nothing. 我认真地听了听，但什么都没听见。 Your story sounds interesting. 你的故事听起来很有趣。知识点2： in class意为“在课堂上；上课时”，in the class意为“在班里”。Eg.Listen to your teacher carefully in class. 在课堂上要认真听老师讲课。 There are 40 students in the class. 这个班有40名学生。【即学即用】1.Don’t ___D____ music in the classroom. A. listen B. listens C. to listen D. listen to2.We all ___B____ the man carefully, but we can’t ________ what he says. A. listen to; listen to B. listen to; hear C. hear; listen to D. hear; hear3.玛丽,做作业的时候不要听音乐。（完成句子）Mary, ___don’t___ ___listen___ ___to____ music when you do your homework.4. This is very important. 这很重要。【用法详解】important形容词，意为“重要的”，可作表语，也可放在名词前作定语。常用句型：It is important for sb. to do sth.意为“对某人来说做某事很重要”。Eg.I have some important news to tell you. 我有一些重要消息要告诉你。 It is important for us to learn English well. 对我们来说学好英语很重要。【拓展延伸】important的名词形式为 importance ，意为“重要性”，the importance of ...意为“…的重要性”。Eg.We all know the importance of English. 我们都知道英语的重要性。【即学即用】1.It is important ___A____ us to make full use of time. A. for B. of C.with D. to5. Can we bring music players to school? 我们可以带音乐播放器到学校吗？【易混辨析】bring, take与get【即学即用】1.Kate, ___A____ your homework here tomorrow.A. bring B. brings C. take D. takes2.Can you ___B____ your baseball ________ school? A.take; in B.bring; to C.bring; in D.need; to6. practice the guitar 练习吉他【用法详解】practice此处用作动词，意为“练习”，其后可跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语，作名词时，意为“练习；实践”。重点：常用搭配： practice doing sth. 练习做某事Eg.Let’s practice speaking English together. 让我们一起练习说英语吧。 It needs a lot of practice to play the piano well. 弹好钢琴需要大量的练习。【即学即用】1.Don’t practice ___A____ basketball in your house at night.A.playing B. to play C. play D. plays2.I have to practice __speaking__(speak) English every day.3.他周末通常练习弹吉他。（完成句子）He usually __practices__ __playing____ ___the____ ___guitar___ on weekends.7. help his mom make breakfast 帮他妈妈做早餐【用法详解】help用作动词，意为“帮助；援助”，其常见用法如下：helphelp sb. with sth.帮助某人某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事help oneself to ...随便吃...Eg.Jane often helps me with my math. 简经常帮我学数学。【拓展延伸】help还可作不可数名词，意为“帮助；援助”。【即学即用】1.We often help the old man ___A____.A. to do some cleaning B. cleaned C. cleans D. cleaning2.Sun Hai was helping his mother ___C____ dinner when his father got home from work. A.making B.makes C.to make D.made8. There are too many rules！ 有太多的规章制度！【易混辨析】重点：too many, too much与much too【即学即用】1.There are ___A___ rules in my home.We have _______ homework to do today.A.too many; too much B.too much; many too C.too many; much too D.much too; many too2.I have ___B___ things to do today,so I’m _______ busy. A.too many; too many B.too many; much too C.too much; much too D.too much; too many3.We have ___B___ rules in the English club. A.too much B.too many C.much too D.many too9. I must read a book before I can watch TV. 在可以看电视之前，我必须先读一本书。【易混辨析】“四个看”：read, watch, look与seeEg.My father reads newspapers every morning. 我爸爸每天早上看报纸。 Tom likes watching football matches. 汤姆喜欢看足球比赛。 Look at this picture carefully. 认真看这种图片。 I see a bird in the tree. 我看到树上有一只鸟。10. Parents and schools are sometimes strict, but remember, they make rules to help us. 父母和学校有时（对我们）要求严格，但记住，他们制定规章制度是为了帮我们。【用法详解】strict形容词，意为“严格的；严厉的”。常考短语： be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格；be strict in sth.对某事严谨Eg.He is very strict with his students. 他对他的学生要求非常严格。 He is very strict in his work. 他工作很严谨。【易混辨析】重点：remember to do sth.与remember doing sth.【即学即用】1.John, remember ___C___ off the lights when you leave the room.A. turn B. turned C. to turn D. turning 2.一Please remember ___A___ soccer with us next week.一OK. No problem.A.to play B. playing C. play D. plays3.Miss Wang is strict ___C___ us _______ our work. A. with; with B. in; in C. with; in D. in; with4.Remember __to do___ (do) your homework first after school.5.请记得遵守学校里的规定。 Please __remember__ ____to____ ___follow___ the school rules. 11. ... I have to/must keep my hair short. ……我必须留短发。【用法详解】keep及物动词，意为“保持；保留”，常用于“keep+名词+宾语补足语”结构，其中，宾语补足语通常由形容词、副词、介词短语或动词-ing形式等充当，意为“保持……处于某种状态”。Eg.We must keep the classroom clean. 我们必须保持教室干净。 I’m sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起，让你久等了。【即学即用】1.Fruits and vegetables can be helpful to keep people __healthy___ (healthy).2.The boss (老板) always keeps these workers __working__ (work) over 10 hours a day. 课堂小测一、单项选择1.—Do you help your mother do ___A____ dishes at home? —Yes,and I make ________ bed every day. A.the; my B./; my C./; the D./; /2.Don’t listen ___D____ the music in the classroom ________ in the hallways.A. /; and B. /; or C. to; / D. to; or3.All the students are talking and laughing in the classroom and it’s ___A____.A.noisy B. lonely C. quiet D. strict4.—What’s your Chinese teacher like?—She is always strict ___D____ us ________ our study. A.in; in B.with; with C.in; with D.with; in5.—Do you often arrive late ___A____ school in the morning? —No.I go to school ________ time every day. A.for; on B.with; on C.for; in D.with; in6.There are ___A____ people in the hall and there are ________ noise in it. A. too many; too much B. too many; much too C. too much; too many D. too much; much too 7.Please remember ___A____ the door when you leave. A. to close B. close C. closing D. closed8. -Your hat is very ___D____.You must keep it clean. -OK. I will clean it.A.noisy B.quiet C.good D.dirty9.—Your English is really excellent. How do you study English?—I join the English club and practice ___A____ English every day.A. speaking B. to speak C. speak D. speaks 10.—I’ll have an English test this Tuesday.—___A____. A. Good luck B. You are welcome C. Sounds good D. That’s OK 11.Little Mary says good night to her parents ___C____ she goes to bed every day. A. if B. until C. before D. unless12.—Do you like swimming in winter? —Of course. The water ___A____ a bit cold at first, but then I am warm and full of energy. A.feels B.tastes C.smells D.looks13.My mother always wants me ___D____ the violin. But I don’t like it at all.A. learn to play B. learn play C. to learn play D. to learn to play14.—Tom, you shouldn’t ___B____ your cat to school —Sorry, Mr.Green. I won’t do that again.A. take B. bring C. give D. get15.It’s ___B____ for us to follow the traffic（交通）rules. A. relaxing B. important C. terrible D. funny二、用所给词的适当形式填空1. After school, Tina usually learns ___to play____ (play) the violin in the music club. 2. You can ____relax____ (relaxing) yourself on weekends.3. Remember ___to wear____ (wear) your school uniform when you come to school.4. The classroom is too ____noisy____ (noise), so we can’t read books at all.5. We usually have fun ___learning___ (learn) English in Miss Liu’s class.6. Too many ____rules____ (rule) make Molly feel terrible.7. It's weekend now. I feel really ___relaxed____ (relax) at home.8. I think we are very ____lucky____ (luck) to go to school. 9. The school and the parents makes a lot of rules ___to help____ (help) children. 10. They have to practice ___playing___ (play) the piano every night. 完形填空Dear Jill,I got your story from my pen pal. I know you have many 1 rules in your house. It's really 2 . In my house I don't have many rules. I can go out 3 school nights, but I need to go home 4 ten o'clock. I like 5 the drums. It's really noisy when I play them, but Mom doesn't mind(介意) it. She thinks it's OK. I like playing computer games, and I often play them when I finish my 6 . “Homework comes first,” Mom always 7 to me. I can sleep 8 on weekends and I enjoy 9 books in bed on weekend mornings. On Saturday afternoon, I usually clean my bedroom. Mom cleans the other rooms, but I often 10 her. Yours,Liu Wei( C ) 1. A. school B. game C. family D. rule( B ) 2. A. exciting B. boring C. happy D. relaxing( B ) 3. A. for B. on C. in D. at( A ) 4. A. before B. from C. after D. as( C ) 5. A. doing B. making C. playing D. walking( A ) 6. A. homework B. dinner C. exercise D. violin( C ) 7. A. tells B. reads C. says D. asks( A ) 8. A. late B. hard C. good D. important( A ) 9. A. reading B. watching C. looking D. seeing( C ) 10. A. feel B. stop C. help D. bring 四、阅读理解( B ) 1.If Leo goes to the library, he can ________. A.eat apples in the reading room B.borrow three books at one time C.take his bag into the reading room D.answer the phone in the reading room( B ) 2.If Jack borrows some books from the library, he can keep them for ________. A.a week B.a month C.five days D.two months( D ) 3.The underlined words “pay for” mean“________”in Chinese. A.归还 B.出示 C.出售 D.赔偿( C ) 4.Amy tell us ________ rules in her school. A.three B.four C.five D.six( C ) 5.Which of the following is TRUE? A.Amy can run in the hallways at school. B.Amy can’t talk with her classmates in class. C.Amy wears the school uniform five days a week. D.Molly is a student and follows the rules of the library.五、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词，注意使用适当形式。1.妈妈每天早上都帮汤姆铺床。Mom helps Tom ____make_____ _____his_____ ____bed_____ every morning.2.我们每天必须按时到校。We ____have_____ _____to_____ get to school ____on______ ____time_____ every day.3.我父母对我的妹妹要求很严格。 My parents ____are______ ___strict_____ ____with_____ my sister.4.他每天练习游泳两个小时。He ___practices___ ___swimming____ for two hours ___every_____ ____day_____.5.在上学的晚上我不能出去。I ____can’t_____ ____go______ ____out_____ ____on______ school nights.语法精讲 祈使句一、语法概述 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫作祈使句。祈使句最常用于表达命令，因其主语是第二人称you且往往被省略，因此祈使句一般以动词原形开头。Eg.Go and wash your hands. 去洗洗你的手。（命令） Be quiet, please. 请安静。（请求） Practice the guitar every day. 每天练习吉他。（建议）【注意】为了表达委婉的语气，可在句首或句尾加上please。please在句尾时要用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。Eg.Don’t talk in the library, please. 请不要在图书馆说话。二、祈使句的基本结构【拓展延伸】表示禁止，常用于标语、警示语的否定祈使句结构为：“No +动词-ing形式”或“No +可数名词复数形式/不可数名词”。Eg.No smoking. 禁止吸烟。 No photos. 禁止拍照。语法小测一、单项选择1.Molly, ____D____ afraid of speaking in front of people. You are the best one. A. don’t B. not C. not be D. don’t be 2.“No____B____!”says the sign.A.smoke B.smoking C.smokes D.to smoke3.---It’s late, Teresa. ____A____ earlier next time and you’ll have enough time to have breakfast. ---OK, Mom. I’ll remember. A.Get up B.Getting up C.To get up D.Gets up 4.____B____ this rock music, please. I’m afraid some people can’t stand the noise! A.Stopping B.Stop C.Stops D.Stopped5.____C____ call me Wangwang! It’s my dog’s name. A. Not B. No C. Don’t D. Doesn’t6.—Jim, ___A____ read books while you are walking in the street. It’s very dangerous.—OK, thank you.A.don’t B.doesn’t C.won’t D.can’t 7.— Can we listen to music here?— ___C____. Listening to music is not allowed (被允许) in the library.A.Yes, we can B. Yes, we can’t C. No, you can’t D. No, you can8.—Attention (注意), please! ___B____ inside (里面) because of the heavy rain.—We will, Mr. Li.A.To stay B. Stay C. Staying D.Stays9.Please ____C____ look outside. Listen to the teacher carefully.A.not B.aren’t C.don’t D.can’t10.---Mike, ___C_____ run in the hallways.---_________, Ms.White.A. don’t; No B. doesn’t; Excuse me C. don’t; Sorry D. doesn’t; thank you11.Let’s ___A_____ dinner first, shall we?A.make B. making C. makes D. made二、语法填空There are many rules in our school library. 1._Don’t_ talk in the library. You must 2.__read__ (read) the books quietly. You 3.__can’t__ eat anything in the library. You can eat in the 4.__dinning_ (dinner) hall. When you’re in the library, you can’t 5.__listen_ (listen) to music. You mustn’t 6._make_ (make) a noise in it. You have to 7.__read__ (read) books in the library. You mustn’t take the books out of the library. Finally, 8. __can___ you take photos in the library? No, you can’t.Anybody mustn’t take their cameras (照相机) to the library. We hope these 9.__rules__ (rule) can help you. Have 10.___a___ good time in the library!三、句型转换，每空一词。1.We can wear our own clothes. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)—___Can___ you ___wear___ your own clothes?—____No___ , ___we____ ___can’t___.2.You can’t talk in the classroom. (改为祈使句)__Don’t___ ___talk____ in the classroom!3.Do your homework after school! (改为否定句)___Don’t___ ___do____ your homework after school!4.We have to wear a uniform.(改为否定句)We ___don’t___ ___have___ ____to____ ___wear___ a uniform.四、书面表达国有国法，家有家规，当然学校也不例外。请你以“Our School Rules”为题，写出你在学校必须遵守的规则以及你对这些规则的看法。词数：60-80。 Our School Rules_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】Our School RulesWe have some rules at school. We have to go to school at seven o’clock. We must do our homework well and we have to put up our hands before asking questions. We can’t eat or talk loudly in our classroom. We have to be quiet and we can’t run in the hallways. We have to be friendly both to the teachers and to our classmates. We should help others in trouble. I don’t think it’s good to have too many rules but it is necessary to have some school rules. arrive不及物动词，arrive in +大地点（国家、城市等）；arrive at +小地点（车站、学校等）What time does the train arrive? 火车什么时候到？get不及物动词，get to +地点名词Tina gets to the zoo by bike. 蒂娜骑自行车到动物园。单词用法固定搭配listen不及物动词，意为“听；倾听”，侧重听的动作，接宾语时须加to__listen to music____听音乐hear及物动词，意为“听见；听到”，侧重听的结果hear sb do sth. / hear sb doing sth.sound系动词，意为“听起来”，后面接 形容 词作表语That sounds good. 单词含义及用法图解助记bring“带来”，强调将某人或某物从别的地方带到说话者所在的地方来，常用搭配：bring sth./sb.to...把某物/某人带到……take“带走；拿走”，强调说话者所在的地方将某人或某物带到别的地方去get“去拿；去取”，离开说话者所在的地方去取某物后再回来，强调动作的往返too many意为“太多”，后面接 可数 （可数/不可数）名词We have too many things to do today.too much意为“太多”，后面接 不可数 （可数/不可数）名词，也可作状语修饰动词You shouldn’t eat too much meat.much too意为“太……”，后面接 形容 词/ 副 词This cap is much too big for me. 单词用法图解助记read“阅读”，如看报、看书、看杂志等，后接newspaper, letter等词watch“（聚精会神地）看；注视”，如看电视、看比赛等look强调“看”的动作，是不及物动词，后面不能直接跟宾语，需要与介词at连用再接宾语see强调“看”的结果，意为“看见”，如see a boy“看到一个男孩”remember to do sth.“记着要去做某事”，说明事情还没有做Remember to call me up when you get here.remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”，说明事情已经做过了I remember seeing her in this city. My name is Molly.I work in a library.Here are the rules of the library.▲Don’t bring any bags into the reading room.▲Don’t eat in the reading room.▲Keep quiet in the library.Don’t answer the phone in the reading room.▲You can borrow three books at one time and you can keep them for one month.▲You should keep the books clean.If you lose the books, you must pay for them. My name is Amy. I am a student. Here are the rules in my school.▲Don’t be late for class.▲Don’t eat in class.▲Don’t fight.▲Don’t run in the hallways.▲Wear the school uniform on school days.类型句型结构示例Do型肯定：动词原形（+其他成分）.Stand up. 起立。否定： Don’t +动词原形（+其他成分）.Don’t play with fire. 不要玩火。Be型肯定：Be +表语（+其他成分）.Be calm. 冷静。否定： Don’t + be +表语（+其他成分）.Don’t be stupid. 别犯傻。Let型肯定：Let +宾语+动词原形（+其他成分）.Let’s go swimming. 咱们去游泳吧。否定：①Don’t let +宾语+动词原形（+其他成分）. ②Let +宾语+ not +动词原形（+其他成分）.Don’t let him go. 别让他走。=Let him not go.
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