还剩19页未读，
继续阅读
所属成套资源：新上外版英语必修第三册PPT课件+练习+单元测试
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
- 05 Unit 3 Healthy Lifestyle 省略-高中英语同步课件+练习（上外版2020必修第三册） 课件 0 次下载
- 06 Unit 3 Healthy Lifestyle 建议信写作（问题-分析原因-解决）-高中英语同步课件（上外版2020必修第三册） 课件 0 次下载
- 01 Unit 4 Life and Technology Part A 单词-高中英语同步课件+练习（上外版2020必修第三册） 课件 0 次下载
- 02 Unit 4 Life and Technology Part B 单词-高中英语同步课件+练习（上外版2020必修第三册） 课件 0 次下载
- 03 Unit 4 Life and Technology Reading A Life with a robot dog-高中英语同步课件（上外版2020必修第三册） 课件 0 次下载
上外版 (2020)必修 第三册Unit 3 Healthy Lifestyle优秀单元测试达标测试
展开
这是一份上外版 (2020)必修 第三册Unit 3 Healthy Lifestyle优秀单元测试达标测试，共22页。试卷主要包含了用单词的适当形式完成短文，选用适当的单词或短语补全短文，阅读理解，完形填空，六选四，概要写作，汉译英，建议信等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Sure, chclate is a delicius treat, and it’s a main part f sme f ur favurite desserts. But it’s nt exactly a health fd, s it shuld be enjyed in mderatin—right?
Well, it turns ut that ____1____ (eat) chclate might actually have a pretty significant health benefit. Accrding t a recent research ____2____ (cnduct) by five scientists in Italy, cmpunds fund in chclate, called flavanls (黄烷醇), can help imprve cgnitive (认知) perfrmance. Yes, chclate’s gd fr yur brain.
The scientists, studying at the Universities f Rme and L’Aquila, ____3____ (recrd) research frm 10 different studies. The studies assessed peple’s perfrmance n cgnitive tests befre and after eating cca r chclate. The results ____4____ (tell): in nine ut f the ten studies, there was a nticeable imprvement after the subjects had eaten the chclate. The scientists fund imprvements in “general cgnitin, attentin, prcessing speed, and wrking memry.” Sunds pretty gd t us!
And that’s nt all. In subjects, especially wmen, ____5____ perfrmed the tests while sleep-deprived, the flavanls helped fight the negative effects f lack f sleep. And there’s even better news. ____6____ (take) daily ver perids ranging frm five days t three mnths, chclate can prduce nticeable lng-term imprvements in cgnitin. Older adults, ____7____ memries were already declining, saw an especially great imprvement. In fact, the scientists themselves ____8____ (claim) that, after ding this research, they’ve started eating chclate every day!
Nw, we’re nt saying ____9____ yu shuld start eating chclate fr breakfast, lunch, and dinner—it’s still high in sugar and lw in nutrients. _____10_____ next time yu find yurself tired ut after a sleepless night, have sme chclate and let the flavanls wrk their magic. G ahead, and take advantage f chclate’s newfund brainpwer with these delicius recipes.
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Nise-canceling headphnes wrth the price?
A little bit f silence. Smetimes that’s all we want. Whether it is halfway thrugh a 10-hur flight with a crying baby r trying t sleep thrugh the snring frm the htel rm next dr, the ____11____ f nise-canceling headphnes is ne that every traveler prbably finds charming. Yet are they wrth it? These headphnes are ften expensive, and fr sme peple, they dn’t live up t the ads.
I’ve spent a ____12____ f the last five years traveling, taking dzens f flights and train jurneys, and as smene wh has reviewed nise-canceling headphnes fr even lnger, I can definitely say maybe.
HOW THEY WORK? Nise-canceling headphnes, als called active nise canceling headphnes, use electrnic prcessing t analyze nearby sund and attempt t ____13____ the ppsite sund. The result is less nise, ver all.
These headphnes dn’t create silence, nr are they able t ____14____ nise. The crests and trughs (波峰和波谷) d nt perfectly cancel ut. The abslute best nise-canceling headphnes ____15____ reduce nise and wrk best with lw-frequency drning sunds.
Tw headphne sets culd claim t reduce the same amunt f nise but ____16____ cmpletely differently. Only hands-n testing, ideally with bjective measurements, can tell the difference.
Nise-canceling headphnes require a battery t ____17____ their electrnics. Nise-islating headphnes, which d nt require electrnics and therefre can be far cheaper, wrk by creating a seal in yur ear canal t blck nise. They are ____18____like earplugs, but with earbuds. If yu can get a gd seal, these wrk reasnably well.
Getting a gd seal can be a challenge, hwever, since everyne’s ears are different, and nt all headphnes will ____19____ crrectly. And even if yu d get a gd seal, nise-islating headphnes will nt be able t blck lw-frequency sunds as well as the best nise-canceling headphnes. They will reduce a wide range f frequencies, which can help.
WHO REALLY NEEDS THEM? If yu are a frequent traveler, gd nise-canceling headphnes will make any jurney in a plane, train r autmbile far mre pleasant.
In-ear mdels are easier—thugh still slightly uncmfrtable—t sleep with and are my ____20____. Over-ear mdels reduce a little mre nise, as they are able t passively blck sme sund because f their design. But they are always bulky n yur head r in yur bag. After I stpped reviewing these headphnes fr Wirecutter, I bught a pair f Bse QuiteCmfrt 20s, a lng time Wirecutter pick, and I never fly withut them.
三、阅读理解
A
Three Exercises t Make Breathing Easier
If yu lack lung pwer and feel a little exhausted even after a shrt jgging, the fllwing exercises can be f great help.
Use Yur Diaphragm (横膈膜)
Yur diaphragm is the muscle that cntrls breathing, and because it is lcated right abve yur stmach, yu can strengthen them tgether. Lie n yur back with yur knees bent, keeping ne hand n yur stmach and the ther n yur chest. Breathe in deeply, slwly pulling the air int yur lungs. Breathe ut thrugh yur muth. Try t wait seven secnds befre taking in air again.
Imagine Yu Are Rwing a Bat
This exercise strengthens the upper back muscles and pens yur chest cavity (腔), allwing fr full lung ability. Sit n the flr with yur legs in frnt f yu and knees slightly bent. Put a resistance band arund the bttms f yur feet and hld it in frnt f yu in an X shape. Hlding an end in each hand, spread yur arms, then pull backward until yur hands meet yur chest. Repeat at least six times three days a week.
Walk fr 20 Minutes
Walking desn’t just get yur heart pumping r wrk yur leg muscles—it als builds up the area arund yur lungs t help them functin better. T get the mst ut f yur walk, stand straight, with yur head up and yur shulders back, and keep a heel-t-te pace, allwing yur lungs t fully expand. Cmbine walking with deep breathing t increase yur air intake. Wrk up t walking three r fur days a week.
N matter which exercise yu pick up, keep this in mind: Chances are that it will take yu several mnths t see the utcme. S keep it up!
21．What shuld yu bey if yu are strengthening yur diaphragm?
A．Yu shuld lie n yur stmach with yur knees bent.
B．Yu shuld hld yur breath befre breathing in again.
C．Yu shuld d it seven times a week t get a best result.
D．Yu shuld d it by breathing in merely with yur muth.
22．Hw can yu take in mre air?
A．By keeping n rwing a bat regularly.
B．By pening yur chest cavity mre ften.
C．By integrating walking with deep breathing.
D．By allwing yur lungs t expand t the fullest.
23．What d the three exercises have in cmmn?
A．They all need sme extra assistance.B．They all invlve using yur bth feet.
C．They all require yu t stand straight.D．They all call fr cnstantly practicing.
B
The bad health effects f sleep lss during the week can’t be repaid by lnger weekend sleep, accrding t a new study.
Researchers have lng knwn that sleep deprivatin (剥夺) can cause weight gain and increase ther health risks. But fr thse wh frce themselves ut f bed every weekday after t few hurs f shut eye, they hpe turning ff the alarm n Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remve any ill effects.
The research, published in Current Bilgy, crushes thse hpes. Despite cmplete freedm t sleep during a weekend recvery perid, peple in a sleep lab wh were limited t five hurs f sleep n weekdays gained nearly three punds ver tw weeks and experienced disrders that wuld increase their risk fr diabetes (糖尿病) ver the lng term. While weekend recvery sleep had sme benefits after a single week f sleep lss, thse gains were wiped ut when peple fell right back int their same sleep deprived schedule the next Mnday.
“If there are benefits f catch-up sleep, they’re gne when yu g back t yur daily schedule. It’s very shrt lived”, said Kenneth Wright, directr f the sleep and chrnbilgy lab at the University f Clrad at Bulder. “These health effects are lng term. It’s kind f like smking nce was-peple wuld smke and wuldn’t see an immediate effect n their health, but peple will say nw that smking is nt a healthy lifestyle chice. I think that sleep is in the early stage f where smking used t be.”
Wright said that the study suggests peple shuld put sleep in the first place cutting ut the “sleep stealers” such as watching televisin shws r spending time n their phnes. Even when peple dn’t have a chice abut lsing sleep because f child-care respnsibilities r jb schedules, they shuld think abut getting sleep in the same way they wuld get a healthy diet r exercise.
24．What des the underlined wrd “crushes” mean?
A．Deepens.B．Ensures.C．Ruins.D．Causes.
25．What will Kenneth Wright agree with?
A．Smking is mre harmful than sleep lss.
B．Weekend recvery sleep has many benefits.
C．Smking and sleep lss have the same bad effects.
D．It takes lng fr peple t see the effects f sleep lss.
26．What des Kenneth Wright advise peple t d?
A．Take regular exercise every day.
B．Reduce the screen time befre sleep.
C．Watch sme TV shws befre bedtime.
D．Sleep as lng as pssible during weekdays.
27．What is the main purpse f this passage?
A．T intrduce a new study.B．T shw sme unknwn facts.
C．T prmte a healthy lifestyle.D．T share sme unhappy experiences.
C
There are many ways t travel within a city. We can walk, cycle, r take a bus. But n matter which way we travel, we have t fllw the rute (线路) the city planners laid dwn fr us.
Parkur practitiners (跑酷爱好者), hwever, see the city in a cmpletely different way. T them, there are n designed rutes. There are n walls and n stairs — they jump, climb, rll and crawl t mve acrss, thrugh, ver and under anything that they find in their path. The city is their playgrund.
The Internatinal Gymnastics Federatin (FIG) has nticed that this activity is drawing mre and mre peple t it — there are 100, 000 peple taking part in parkur tday in the UK alne, accrding t The Guardian — and hw it is helpful fr peple t be much strnger: It trains crdinatin and balance. S the FIG is thinking abut recgnizing parkur as a new sprt and adding it t the Olympics by 2024.
But parkur practitiners themselves dn’t seem t be happy with the idea. They see parkur as “a lifestyle”, wrte the website NextSprtStar. “It’s a cmpetitin against the cnditins rather than just a sprt.”
Indeed, many d parkur just t “escape the daily rutine and experience the city in different ways”, wrte reprter Oli Muld n The Cnversatin. They see parkur as a way t express themselves thrugh relaxing mves and creative rutes while freeing themselves frm the pressure.
It’s great that the FIG wants t develp a new sprt and stay clse t a new cultural frm. But it wuld be greater if they knew that nt everything in life is a cmpetitin.
28．Hw d the parkur practitiners d parkur?
A．They plan the way themselves.
B．They mve n as they wish.
C．They run faster than thers.
D．They fllw certain rutes.
29．Why des the FIG want t add parkur t the Olympics?
A．It’s a special way f life.
B．It draws their attentin.
C．It helps balance peple’s life.
D．It’s gd fr peple t keep healthy.
30．What is the authr’s idea n parkur?
A．It is mre exciting than ther sprts.
B．It is wrth adding t the sprting event.
C．It is mre a lifestyle than a cmpetitin.
D．It encurages peple t challenge themselves.
31．What is the best title fr the passage?
A．Parkur practitiners
B．Making the city their wn
C．Training in a different way
D．A new sprts cmpetitin
四、完形填空
Being a parent is already a life-changing experience. Hwever, this 40-year-ld dad ______32______ an astnishing transfrmatin (变化) after a hike with his kids.
Befre Jeremiah Petersn lked like a supermdel, he weighed 290 punds. He was nly ______33______ t lse weight after he went n a ______34______ with his family in 2017 and became aware hw quickly he gt ______35______ frm the activity.
“Instead f remembering all the gd ______36______ we had made n this trip, all I can remember is this ne thing that kept playing in my head ver and ver again: I fund myself running ut f breath and having t take ______37______ way befre my 9-, 7- and 4-year-ld kids,” Petersn wrte n Instagram.
The dad frm Missula, Mntana then ______38______ himself t get int shape.
______39______, he started by giving up drinking and ______40______ a ketgenic diet (生酮食法). Every day fr five mnths straight, he wuld hike fr tw hurs and spend ne mre hur at the gym.
After 150 days f a strict diet and lts f _______41_______, Petersn lst 92 punds. Nt nly that, he can nw run _______42_______ up the hiking trail that nce made him extremely exhausted (疲惫的).
Petersn nw uses his stry and fitness knwledge t cach and _______43_______ almst 100,000 scial media fllwers — but he says that his kids are the real _______44_______ fr his success.
“Finding yur reasn that is _______45_______ if yu want t achieve success in life,” he wrte in an Instagram pst. “If yu dn’t have a strng reasn behind yur _______46_______, yu are less likely t get the results.”
32．A．discuragedB．experiencedC．preventedD．imprved
33．A．luckyB．hnredC．determinedD．careful
34．A．hikeB．dietC．prgramD．prject
35．A．upsetB．hurtC．rewardedD．exhausted
36．A．changesB．cntributinsC．memriesD．preparatins
37．A．turnsB．breaksC．phtsD．ntes
38．A．setB．attractedC．advisedD．wished
39．A．BesidesB．InsteadC．HweverD．Therefre
40．A．insisting nB．leading tC．referring tD．agreeing n
41．A．practiceB．cnsideratinC．exerciseD．attentin
42．A．suddenlyB．nn-stpC．immediatelyD．tgether
43．A．pleaseB．cmpareC．encurageD．frce
44．A．purpseB．reasnC．advantageD．directin
45．A．necessaryB．simpleC．persnalD．available
46．A．achievementsB．imaginatinsC．cnditinsD．actins
五、六选四
The benefits f exercise have been fully nted and yur reslutins have been made. Yes, yu want t be fit and live a lng and healthy life. _____47_____.
Accrding t standard advice issued by the Wrld Health Organizatin, adults shuld be getting at least 150 minutes f mderate physical wrkut r 75 minutes f vigrus activity per week t extend their lives, get fit, have strnger muscles and be a healthy weight. If that didn’t already sund a lt, the WHO says t duble that if yu want t get further benefits.
The gd news fr thse wh dislike sprts is that it’s pssible t stick t these guidelines withut entering a gym r breaking int a jg. _____48_____.
This idea is in line with evidence frm a study last year f mre than 130,000 peple in 17 cuntries, which fund that walking t wrk and husewrk such as vacuuming r mpping the flr are activities enugh t reduce the risk f early death by 28 per cent, as lng as yu d 150 minutes a week. If yu aren’t ne fr husewrk, yu will be pleased t hear that yur weekly amunt f exercise can be put int the weekend with n ill effects, says Gray Dnvan f Lughbirugh University, UK. _____49_____ But his team analyzed data frm mre than 63,000 adults in the UK cvering 18 years and fund that peple wh favred a “weekend fighter” plan had pretty much the same reduced risk f early death frm all causes as thse wh spread ut exercise. “One weekly exercise is usually sufficient t reduce mrtality and mrbidity (死亡率和发病率),” Dnvan says. Even weekend fighters wh did less than the recmmended amunt fr the week fared better than inactive peple.
_____50_____ “N level f exercise is t much,” says Dnvan. “There’s n increase in mrtality r mrbidity if yu keep increasing the amunt.” Just dn’t g t hard each time.
A．Hwever, take care nt t d t much exercise.
B．Mst gvernments urge peple t d a little every day, r at least spread their exercise ver the week.
C．Having a busy weekend with three r fur hurs spent taking exercise des mre gd than thught.
D．Culd yu ever get t much f a gd thing?
E．But what d yu actually have t d t get the desired results?
F．The WHO’s definitin f mderate exercise includes husewrk and gardening.
六、概要写作
51．Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Regular exercise can reduce a wman’s risk f cancer, but the benefits may slip away if she gets t little sleep, U.S. researchers said n Mnday. The study invlving 5,968 wmen in Maryland cnfirmed previus findings that peple wh d regular physical activity are less likely t develp cancer.
But when the researchers lked at the wmen ages 18 t 65 wh were in the upper half in terms f the amunt f physical exercise they gt per week, they fund that sleep appeared t play an imprtant rle in cancer risk.
Thse wh slept less than seven hurs nightly had a 47 percent higher risk f cancer than thse wh gt mre sleep amng the physically active wmen, the researchers reprted at a meeting f the American Assciatin fr Cancer Research.
“We think it’s quite interesting and intriguing. It’s kind f a first lk int this. It isn’t smething that has been widely studied,” James McClain f the Natinal Cancer Institute, part f the U.S. gvernment’s Natinal Institutes f Health, said in a telephne interview.
McClain, wh led the study, said it is unclear exactly hw getting t little sleep may make ne mre susceptible（易受感染的） t cancer. “Getting adequate sleep has been lng assciated with health,” McClain said.
The U.S. Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin calls sleep lss an under-recgnized public health prblem, saying Americans are getting less and less slumber. The CDCP said the percentage f adults reprting sleeping six hurs r less a night increased frm 1985 t 2006. Sleep experts say chrnic sleep lss is assciated with besity, diabetes, high bld pressure, strke, cardivascular disease, depressin, cigarette smking and excessive drinking.
In additin, research had shwn that peple wh get regular exercise have a reduced risk f breast, cln and ther types f cancer. Experts think the effects f exercise n the bdy’s hrmne levels, immune functin and bdy weight may play an imprtant rle.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
七、汉译英（整句）
52．普遍认为，平衡的饮食和足够的运动对健康有好处，即使你处于巨大的学业压力之下。(It)
___________________________________________________________________________
53．当面对困难和失败的时候，我们应该变得更加强大和自信。(过去分词短语做状语)
___________________________________________________________________________
54．出国学习可能会让这些学生面临大量的挑战。（likely）
___________________________________________________________________________
55．项目应为每个团队量身定制，这样才能激励队员们精诚团结，为达成目标不遗余力。(tailr)
___________________________________________________________________________
八、建议信
56．假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim跟你写信提到，他感觉自己现在的身体素质没有以前好了，希望你能给他一些建议，如何保持身体健康。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.表示安慰；
2.提出建议；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：1.词数应为80字左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
A．access B．basically C．eliminate D．fit E. generate F. majrity
G. merely H. perfrm I. pwer J. prmise K. preference
参考答案
1．eating 2．cnducted 3．recrded 4．were telling 5．wh 6．Taken 7．whse 8．have claimed 9．that 10．But
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究发现吃巧克力可以提高人们的认知表现，但它并非健康食品，所以应该适量使用。
1．考查非谓语。句意：事实证明，吃巧克力可能对健康有相当大的益处。分析句子结构，“____1____ (eat) chclate”在句中作主语，所以此处填动名词eating。故答案为eating。
2．考查非谓语。句意：根据意大利五位科学家最近进行的一项研究，巧克力中发现了一种叫做黄烷醇的化合物, 有助于提高认知能力。分析句子结构，该句子的谓语动词是 can help，所以此处填非谓语动词；逻辑主语 a recent research和cnduct之间是被动关系，所以填过去分词cnducted作后置定语。故答案为cnducted。
3．考查时态。句意：在罗马大学和拉奎拉大学学习的科学家们记录了10项不同研究的研究结果。分析句子结构，该空在句子作谓语动词；由后文可知，时态为一般过去时，所以填recrded。故答案为recrded。
4．考查系表结构。句意：结果很有说服力：在十项研究中，有九项研究中受试者吃了巧克力后有了明显的改善。由后文句意可知，该结果是“具有说服力”的，所以空处要填be telling，telling在此处是形容词，表示“强有力的、有说服力的”；根据后文的提示动词“was”可知时态为一般过去时，主语results是复数，谓语动词也要用复数。故答案为were telling。
5．考查定语从句。句意：在睡眠不足时进行测试的受试者中，尤其是女性，黄烷醇有助于对抗睡眠不足的负面影响。分析句子结构，此处考查非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词wmen，指人，在从句中作主语，所以要用关系代词wh来引导。故答案为wh。
6．考查非谓语。句意：从五天到三个月，每天吃巧克力可以显著改善认知能力。分析句子结构，“____6____ (take) daily ver perids ranging frm five days t three mnths”在句中作状语，所以空处要填非谓语动词，逻辑主语chclate 和taken之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词，即taken，作状语；空格置于句首，首字母要大写。故答案为Taken。
7．考查定语从句。句意：对于记忆力本来就在下降的老年人而言，他们的改善尤其明显。分析句子结构，此处考查非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Older adults，在从句中作定语，所以用whse来引导。故答案为whse。
8．考查时态。句意：事实上，科学家们自己声称，在做了这项研究后，他们已经开始每天吃巧克力了! 分析句子结构，该空作主句的谓语动词；由句意和提示词“they’ve started”，时态为现在完成时，表示已经完成的动作；主语the scientists是复数，谓语动词也要用复数。故答案为have claimed。
9．考查宾语从句。句意：现在，我们并不是说你应该开始在早餐、午餐和晚餐吃巧克力——它仍然是高糖低营养的。分析句子结构，此处考查宾语从句，从句部分“yu shuld start eating chclate fr breakfast, lunch, and dinner—it’s still high in sugar and lw in nutrients”不缺成分及不缺含义，所以用that来引导该宾语从句。故答案为that。
10．考查连词。句意：但下次你发现自己在一个不眠之夜后感到疲惫时，吃一些巧克力，让黄烷醇发挥它们的魔力。由前后句意可知，该句子与前一句呈转折关系，所以该空填连词but；空格置于句首，首字母要大写。故答案为But。
11．J 12．F 13．E 14．C 15．G 16．H 17．I 18．B 19．D 20．K
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了降噪耳机的工作原理，以及是否值那么高的价格。
11．考查名词。句意：无论是带着哭泣的婴儿在10个小时的飞行途中，还是在隔壁酒店房间的鼾声中入睡，降噪耳机的承诺可能会让每个旅行者都觉得很迷人。根据后文“These headphnes are ften expensive, and fr sme peple, they dn’t live up t the ads.”可知，此处提到广告，所以是降噪耳机的承诺让人着迷，所以prmise意为“承诺”符合题意。故选J项。
12．考查名词。句意：过去五年的大部分时间里，我都在旅行，坐了几十次飞机和火车，作为一个对降噪耳机测评时间更久的人，我可以肯定地说，也许吧。根据后文“taking dzens f flights and train jurneys”可知，“我”大部分时间里都在旅行，a majrity f意为“大部分”符合题意。故选F项。
13．考查动词。句意：降噪耳机，也叫主动降噪耳机，使用电子处理来分析附近的声音，并试图产生相反的声音。根据后文“The crests and trughs d nt perfectly cancel ut.”可知，主动降噪耳机是产生一个声音来抵消噪音，所以generate意为“产生”符合题意。t后接动词原形。故选E项。
14．考查动词。句意：这些耳机既不能保持安静，也不能消除噪音。根据后文“The crests and trughs d nt perfectly cancel ut.”可知，降噪耳机不能消除噪音，所以eliminate意为“消除”符合题意。t后接动词原形。故选C项。
15．考查副词。句意：最好的降噪耳机只能减少噪音，对低频的嗡嗡声效果最好。根据前文可知降噪耳机不能完全消除噪音，所以只能减少噪音，merely意为“仅仅”符合题意。故选G项。
16．考查动词。句意：两种耳机可以声称减少相同数量的噪音，表现完全不同。根据后文“Only hands-n testing, ideally with bjective measurements, can tell the difference.”可知，表现不同，需要经过测试来确定，所以perfrm意为“表演”符合题意。故选H项。
17．考查动词。句意：降噪耳机需要电池来为电子设备供电。根据前文“require a battery t”可知，此处t为不定式标志，所以空处应填动词，pwer意为“驱动”符合题意。故选I项。
18．考查副词。句意：它们基本上像耳塞，但有入耳耳塞。根据前文“wrk by creating a seal in yur ear canal t blck nise.”可知，工作原理是在耳道中形成一个密封圈来阻挡噪音，所以样子基本上像一个耳塞，basically意为“基本上”符合题意。故选B项。
19．考查动词。句意：然而，要获得良好的密封性可能是一个挑战，因为每个人的耳朵都不一样，并不是所有的耳机都能正确贴合。空前是助动词will，所以空处应填动词原形，根据前文“since everyne’s ears are different”可知，每个人的耳朵不同，所以不是所有的耳机都能正确贴合，fit意为“匹配”符合题意。故选D项。
20．考查名词。句意：入耳式耳机更容易使用——尽管还是有点不舒服——是我的首选。空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词，根据后文“I never fly withut them”可知，是“我”的首选，preference意为“偏爱”符合题意。名词作表语。故选K项。
21．B 22．C 23．D
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了三种锻炼人们的肺活量，让人们在运动后呼吸更轻松的方式。同时，作者还提醒人们要坚持，不管选择哪种方式，都要持之以恒才能看到效果。
21．细节理解题。根据Use Yur Diaphragm部分最后一句“Try t wait seven secnds befre taking in air again. (在再次吸入空气之前，尝试等待七秒钟)”可知，在锻炼横膈膜的时候，需要在再次吸气之前屏住呼吸。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据Walk fr 20 Minutes部分中的倒数第二句“Cmbine walking with deep breathing t increase yur air intake. (步行与深呼吸相结合，以增加空气摄入量)”可知，人们通过结合步行和深呼吸的方式可以增加自己的空气吸入量。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段“N matter which exercise yu pick up, keep this in mind: Chances are that it will take yu several mnths t see the utcme. S keep it up! (无论你选择哪种运动，记住这一点：很可能你需要几个月才能看到结果。所以要坚持下去！)”可知，无论哪一种练习方式都需要长时间的不断练习才能看到效果。故选D。
24．C 25．D 26．B 27．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究，该研究认为一周睡眠缺失所带来的不良影响不能通过周末更长的睡眠来偿还。
24．词义猜测题。根据第二段的“they hpe turning ff the alarm n Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remve any ill effects.(他们希望在周六和周日关掉闹钟来偿还一周的睡眠债，消除任何不良影响)”和第三段“The research, published in Current Bilgy, crushes thse hpes. Despite cmplete freedm t sleep during a weekend recvery perid, peple in a sleep lab wh were limited t five hurs f sleep n weekdays gained nearly three punds ver tw weeks and experienced disrders that wuld increase their risk fr diabetes ver the lng term.(这项发表在《当代生物学》上的研究crushes这些希望。尽管在周末的恢复期可以完全自由睡觉，但在睡眠实验室里，那些在工作日只能睡5个小时的人在两周内体重增加了近3磅，并经历了长期的失调，这将增加他们患糖尿病的风险)”可知，他们想通过周末增加睡眠来消除平时睡眠不足的希望可能不会实现。由此推知，划线词crushes的意思是“摧毁”，与C. Ruins.(摧毁)意思接近。故选C项。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段的“These health effects are lng term. It’s kind f like smking nce was — peple wuld smke and wuldn’t see an immediate effect n their health, but peple will say nw that smking is nt a healthy lifestyle chice.(这些健康影响是长期的。这有点像吸烟曾经是人们会吸烟，不会对他们的健康产生直接影响，但现在人们会说吸烟不是一种健康的生活方式选择)”可知，Kenneth Wright 认为睡眠不足对人健康的影响要很长时间才能看到，就像吸烟对健康的影响一样。由此可知，D. It takes lng fr peple t see the effects f sleep lss.(对于人们来说要花很长时间才能看到睡眠不足的影响)符合Kenneth Wright的观点。故选D项。
26．细节理解题。根据倒数第一段的“Wright said that the study suggests peple shuld put sleep in the first place cutting ut the ‘sleep stealers’ such as watching televisin shws r spending time n their phnes.(Wright说这项研究建议人们应该把睡觉放在首位，杜绝看电视节目或玩手机等“偷睡眠的行为。”)”可知，Wright建议人们减少睡眠前看电视或手机的时间。故选B项。
27．推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段的“The bad health effects f sleep lss during the week can't be repaid by lnger weekend sleep, accrding t a new study.(根据一项新的研究，一周睡眠缺失所带来的不良影响不能通过更长的睡眠来偿还)”可知，本文的主要目的是介绍一项新的研究，该研究认为一周睡眠缺失所带来的不良影响不能通过周末更长的睡眠来偿还。故选A项。
28．B 29．D 30．C 31．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了跑酷这项体育运动，跑酷爱好者将城市作为自己的游乐场，按照自己的意愿在城市中移动。国际体操联合会考虑将跑酷加入奥运会，因为它有助于人们保持健康。然而作者却觉得它是一种生活方式而并非比赛。
28．推理判断题。根据第二段中“T them, there are n designed rutes. There are n walls and n stairs — they jump, climb, rll and crawl t mve acrss, thrugh, ver and under anything that they find in their path.(对他们来说，没有设计好的路线。这里没有墙，也没有楼梯——他们跳、爬、滚、爬，穿过、穿过、越过或从他们路上发现的任何东西下面移动)”可推知，跑酷爱好者会按照自己的意愿移动。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段“The Internatinal Gymnastics Federatin (FIG) has nticed that this activity is drawing mre and mre peple t it — there are 100, 000 peple taking part in parkur tday in the UK alne, accrding t The Guardian — and hw it is helpful fr peple t be much strnger: It trains crdinatin and balance. S the FIG is thinking abut recgnizing parkur as a new sprt and adding it t the Olympics by 2024.(国际体操联合会已经注意到这项运动正吸引着越来越多的人——据《卫报》报道，目前仅在英国就有10万人参加跑酷——以及跑酷如何有助于人们变得更强壮：它可以锻炼协调性和平衡性。因此，该组织正在考虑接受跑酷为一项新运动，并在2024年将其加入奥运会)”可知，国际体操联合会考虑将跑酷加入奥运会，因为它有助于人们保持健康。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“They see parkur as a way t express themselves thrugh relaxing mves and creative rutes while freeing themselves frm the pressure.(他们把跑酷视为一种表达自己的方式，通过放松的动作和创造性的路线，同时释放自己的压力)”和倒数第一段“But it wuld be greater if they knew that nt everything in life is a cmpetitin.(但是，如果他们知道生活中并非所有事都是比赛的话，就会更好了)”可推知，在作者看来，酷跑是一种人们放松、释放压力的一种生活方式，而并非一种比赛。故选C。
31．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Parkur practitiners (跑酷爱好者), hwever, see the city in a cmpletely different way. T them, there are n designed rutes. There are n walls and n stairs — they jump, climb, rll and crawl t mve acrss, thrugh, ver and under anything that they find in their path. The city is their playgrund.(跑酷练习者对城市的看法却完全不同。对他们来说，没有固定的路线。没有墙，也没有楼梯——因为他们通过跳跃、攀爬、翻滚和爬行来穿越、穿过、翻越和从任何他们发现的东西下面移动。城市就是他们的游乐场)”，结合文章主要介绍了跑酷这项体育运动，跑酷爱好者将城市作为自己的游乐场，按照自己的意愿在城市中移动。国际体操联合会考虑将跑酷加入奥运会，因为它有助于人们保持健康。作者认为跑酷帮助人们变得有创造力，还可以释放压力。由此可知，B选项“将城市归为他们自己所有”最符合文章标题。故选B。
32．B 33．C 34．A 35．D 36．C 37．B 38．A 39．D 40．A 41．C 42．B 43．C 44．B 45．A 46．D
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位父亲在家庭徒步旅行后，下定决心减肥，并最终成功的故事。他认为一件事的成功背后得有一个理由。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这位40岁的父亲在和孩子们一起远足后经历了惊人的变化。A. discuraged使沮丧；B. experienced经历；C. prevented阻止；D. imprved提高。根据下文“After 150 days f a strict diet and lts f ______10______, Petersn lst 92 punds.”可知，这位父亲减了92磅，所以他是经历了惊人的变化。故选B。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他下定决心减肥是在2017年和家人一起徒步旅行之后，他意识到自己很快就会筋疲力尽。A. lucky幸运的；B. hnred感到荣幸的；C. determined坚定的；D. careful仔细的。根据下文“The dad frm Missula, Mntana then ______7______ himself t get int shape.”可知，这位父亲是下定决心去减肥。故选C。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他下定决心减肥是在2017年和家人一起徒步旅行之后，他意识到自己很快就会疲倦。A. hike远足；B. diet节食；C. prgram程序；D. prject项目。空处为原词重现，根据文章第一段“Hwever, this 40-year-ld dad ______1______ an astnishing transfrmatin (变化) after a hike with his kids.”可知，这位父亲是和家人一起徒步旅行之后才下定决心减肥的。故选A。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他下定决心减肥是在2017年和家人一起徒步旅行之后，他意识到自己很快就会疲倦。A. upset心烦意乱的；B. hurt受伤的；C. rewarded有报酬的；D. exhausted疲惫不堪的。空处为原词重现，根据下文“Nt nly that, he can nw run ______11______ up the hiking trail that nce made him extremely exhausted (疲惫的).”可知，空处指的是疲倦的。故选D。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Petersn在Instagram上写道：“我没有记住我们在这次旅行中留下的所有美好回忆，我只记得一件事，它一直在我脑海中反复播放：我发现自己喘不过气来，不得不在我9岁、7岁和4岁的孩子之前休息一下。”A. changes改变；B. cntributins贡献；C. memries记忆；D. preparatins准备。根据下文“all I can remember is this ne thing that kept playing in my head ver and ver again: I fund myself running ut f breath and having t take ______6______ way befre my 9-, 7- and 4-year-ld kids”可知，下文指的是他能记得的事情，所以空处指的是美好的回忆。故选C。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我没有记住我们在这次旅行中留下的所有美好回忆，我只记得一件事，它一直在我脑海中反复播放：我发现自己喘不过气来，不得不在我9岁、7岁和4岁的孩子之前休息一下，”Petersn在Instagram上写道。A. turns轮流；B. breaks休息；C. phts照片；D. ntes便条、笔记。根据上文“He was nly ____2____ t lse weight after he went n a ____3____ with his family in 2017 and became aware hw quickly he gt ______4______ frm the activity.”可知，他很容易就会感到疲倦，所以他是要休息。故选B。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位来自蒙大拿州米苏拉的父亲开始健身。A. set设定；B. attracted吸引；C. advised建议；D. wished期望。考查短语：set neself t，意为“决心做某事”。根据上文可知，这位父亲下定决心开始减肥。故选A。
39．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，他从戒酒开始，坚持生酮食法。A. Besides除此之外；B. Instead相反地；C. Hwever然而；D. Therefre因此。根据上文“The dad frm Missula, Mntana then ______7______ himself t get int shape.”可知，这位父亲决定开始减肥，而下文介绍了他的减肥方法，之间存在因果关系。故选D。
40．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，他从戒酒开始，坚持生酮食法。A. insisting n坚持；B. leading t导致；C. referring t提及、参考；D. agreeing n就……达成一致。根据下文“After 150 days f a strict diet and lts f ______10______, Petersn lst 92 punds.”可知，他坚持一直如此做，才成功减肥。故选A。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过150天的严格节食和大量运动，Petersn减掉了92磅。A. practice练习；B. cnsideratin考虑；C. exercise运动；D. attentin注意力。根据上文“Every day fr five mnths straight, he wuld hike fr tw hurs and spend ne mre hur at the gym.”可知，他不仅控制饮食，还每天坚持运动，所以空处指的是运动。故选C。
42．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不仅如此，他现在还可以在曾经让他筋疲力尽的徒步路线上不停地奔跑。A. suddenly突然；B. nn-stp不停地；C. immediately立即；D. tgether共同。这里讲述的是他身上发生的变化，而根据下文“that nce made him extremely exhausted (疲惫的).”可知，远足曾经让他很快就疲惫。作为对比，现在应该是可以不停地跑动。故选B。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Petersn现在用他的故事和健身知识来指导和鼓励近10万名社交媒体粉丝，但他说他的孩子是他成功的真正原因。A. please取悦；B. cmpare比较；C. encurage鼓励；D. frce强迫。根据下文“100,000 scial media fllwers”可知，这些人都在追随他，崇拜他，所以他的故事应该是鼓励了别人。故选C。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Petersn现在用他的故事和健身知识来指导和鼓励近10万名社交媒体粉丝，但他说他的孩子是他成功的真正原因。A. purpse目的；B. reasn原因；C. advantage优点；D. directin方向。根据下文“Finding yur reasn that is ______14______ if yu want t achieve success in life”可知，他认为原因很重要，所以这里指的应该是他自己减肥成功背后的原因是孩子。故选B。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“如果你想在生活中取得成功，找到你的理由是必要的，”他在Instagram上写道。A. necessary必要的；B. simple简单的；C. persnal个人的；D. available可利用的、有空的。根据上文“but he says that his kids are the real ______13_____ fr his success.”可知，他认为自己成功的原因是孩子，也就是说他认为找到自己想要做某件事的原因很有必要。故选A。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你的行为背后没有一个强有力的理由，你就不太可能得到结果。A. achievements成就；B. imaginatins想象力；C. cnditins条件；D. actins行动。根据上文的“______8______, he started by giving up drinking and ______9______ a ketgenic diet (生酮食法). Every day fr five mnths straight, he wuld hike fr tw hurs and spend ne mre hur at the gym.”以及他所说的成功的背后肯定有强有力的原因可知，他认为一个人行动的背后得有原因才能成功。故选D。
47．E 48．F 49．B 50．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了锻炼对保持健康的重要性，但同时有研究表明，即便是平常的走路去工作、做家务甚至是一周一次的运动也会对一个的健康有意义。在不用力过猛的情况下，运动越多对人的健康越有益。
47．根据前句“Yes, yu want t be fit and live a lng and healthy life”（是的，你想要健康长寿，过一种健康的生活），这是人们追求的结果，且本段为总领段，E选项的“But what d yu actually have t d t get the desired results?”（但是你必须要做些什么来获得你渴望的结果呢？），与前句逻辑一致，故选E。
48．根据前段提到的世界卫生组织建议的“mderate physical wrkut”（中等强度的身体锻炼）以及下一段的“which fund that walking t wrk and husewrk such as vacuuming r mpping the flr are activities enugh t reduce the risk f early death by 28 per cent”（研究表明走路上班以及做家务等活动足够减少28%早死的风险率）可知，这些活动也在世界卫生组织所建议的中等强度锻炼之列，故选F。
49．根据空格后句的转折“But his team analyzed data frm mre than 63,000 adults in the UK cvering 18 years and fund that peple wh favred a “weekend fighter”.”（“但是他的团队研究了63000多个成年人的数据发现，人们更喜欢在周末运动）可知，这种做法与前空是相反的，那么只有B选项的“Mst gvernments urge peple t d a little every day, r at least spread their exercise ver the week.”（大部分政府敦促人们每天做点运动，或至少在工作日期间完成他们的运动），人们没有响应政府号召，更习惯周末运动，与后句存在转折关系，逻辑一致，故选B。
50．根据本段第二句“N level f exercise is t much,” says Dnvan.“Dnvan说，没有哪种水平的锻炼会太多”），对运动量做出回答，D选项的“Culd yu ever get t much f a gd thing?”（你会在一件好事上过量吗？），与后句内容的逻辑贴合，故选D。
【点睛】做六选四时，首先看清文本类型，通常为说明文，且多为总分结构，每个小分段的第一句通常为总结句，总领本段的内容，围绕第一句的内容写。把握这个思想，可以轻松的选出大部分答案；同时，做这类题时更应把握上下文的逻辑。
51．One pssible versin:
US researchers have fund that regular exercises may have an active effect n the bdy’s hrmne levels, immune functin and bdy weight which thus may reduce the risk f cancer. But the benefits may slip away if she gets t little sleep, especially less than seven hurs nightly which may cause such health prblems as besity, depressin and s n. Hwever, it is still unclear exactly hw sleeping little may make peple mre susceptible t cancer.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。 文章介绍美国研究人员发现，定期锻炼可能对身体激素水平、免疫功能和体重产生积极影响，从而降低患癌症的风险。但是，如果睡眠太少，尤其是每晚睡眠不足7小时，可能会导致肥胖、抑郁等健康问题，那么这些好处可能会溜走。然而，目前还不清楚睡眠不足究竟是如何使人们更容易患癌症的。
【详解】1 要点摘录①Regular exercise can reduce a wman’s risk f cancer, but the benefits may slip away if she gets t little sleep, U.S. researchers said n Mnday.
②Thse wh slept less than seven hurs nightly had a 47 percent higher risk f cancer than thse wh gt mre sleep amng the physically active wmen.
③it is unclear exactly hw getting t little sleep may make ne mre susceptible（易受感染的） t cancer.
④Sleep experts say chrnic sleep lss is assciated with besity, diabetes, high bld pressure, strke, cardivascular disease, depressin, cigarette smking and excessive drinking.
⑤Experts think the effects f exercise n the bdy’s hrmne levels, immune functin and bdy weight may play an imprtant rle.
2.缜密构思将第1、5两个要点进行重组，将第2、4两个要点进行整合。将第3个要点用自己的话进行简要表述。
3.遣词造句US researchers have fund that regular exercises may have an active effect n the bdy’s hrmne levels, immune functin and bdy weight which thus may reduce the risk f cancer.
But the benefits may slip away if she gets t little sleep, especially less than seven hurs nightly which may cause such health prblems as besity, depressin and s n.
Hwever, it is still unclear exactly hw sleeping little may make peple mre susceptible t cancer.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] US researchers have fund that regular exercises may have an active effect n the bdy’s hrmne levels, immune functin and bdy weight which thus may reduce the risk f cancer.运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第一段和最后一段进行了概括。其中that引导的宾语从句、短语have an effect n，which引导的定语从句等表达高级。
[高分句型2]：Hwever, it is still unclear exactly hw sleeping little may make peple mre susceptible t cancer. 用hw引导主语从句对第五段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
52．It is generally acknwledged that a balanced diet and enugh exercise are gd fr health, even if yu are under great academic pressure.
【详解】考查固定句型和状语从句。表示“普遍认为”句型为It is generally acknwledged that；表示“平衡的饮食和足够的运动”短语为a balanced diet and enugh exercise，作主语；表示“对健康有好处”应用be gd fr health；even if引导让步状语从句，表示“你处于巨大的学业压力之下”翻译为yu are under great academic pressure。句子用一般现在时。故翻译为It is generally acknwledged that a balanced diet and enugh exercise are gd fr health, even if yu are under great academic pressure.
53．When faced with the difficulties and failures, we shuld becme strnger and mre cnfident.
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。“当面对困难和失败的时候”可以翻译成when引导的状语从句的省略，“面对”翻译为be faced with，“困难和失败”翻译为the difficulties and failures，主从句主语一致，所以从句可以省略主语和be动词，所以“当面对困难和失败的时候”译为When faced with the difficulties and failures，“我们应该变得更加强大和自信”为主句，翻译为we shuld becme strnger and mre cnfident，故整句翻译为When faced with the difficulties and failures, we shuld becme strnger and mre cnfident。
54．Ging abrad t study is likely t let these students be faced with a large number f challenges.
【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词和固定短语。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“g abrad t study”表示“出国学习”，句中应用动名词短语作主语，句首单词首字母大写，“Ging abrad t study”作主语，表示“出国学习”，“be likely t d sth.”意为“可能做某事”，动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，“be”转换为“is”，“let sb. d sth.”意为“让某人做某事”，“these students”表示“这些学生”，“be faced with”意为“面临……”，“a large number f”意为“大量的”，“challenge”意为“挑战”，为可数名词，“a large number f”后接“challenge”的复数形式“challenges”，“let these students be faced with a large number f challenges”表示“让这些学生面临大量的挑战”。故翻译为Ging abrad t study is likely t let these students be faced with a large number f challenges.
55．The prject shuld be tailred t the needs f each team s that it can mtivate team members t unite tgether and spare n effrts t achieve their gal.
【详解】考查状语从句和固定短语。此处主语为prject；表示“应为每个团队量身定制”翻译为shuld be tailred t the needs f each team；s that引导目的状语从句，表示“激励队员们精诚团结”翻译为mtivate team members t unite tgether，can后跟动词原形；表示“为达成目标不遗余力”翻译为spare n effrts t achieve their gal。故翻译为The prject shuld be tailred t the needs f each team s that it can mtivate team members t unite tgether and spare n effrts t achieve their gal.
56．Dear Jim,
I am really srry t knw that yu have been suffering frm pr health these days. In respnse t yur request in the last letter, I am glad t ffer my advice.
First f all, a balanced diet is f prime imprtance, cnsidering hw bsessed yu are with sweet fd. It is urgent that yu eat mre fresh vegetables and fruit and avid fd high in fat and sugar. Besides, daily exercise is equally imprtant. Stick t it, and yu will definitely get in better shape. Furthermre, it is said that yu will have a healthier heart with at least 7 hurs f sleep every night. S, d get enugh sleep! One mre thing: stay psitive and smile mre.
I d hpe my advice will be f practical help t yu. I’m lking frward t yur recvery.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Jim回信，就如何保持身体健康给他一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提供：ffer→ prvide
主要的：prime → main
急迫的：urgent →pressing
建议： advice → suggestin
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, daily exercise is equally imprtant.
拓展句：Besides, it is equally imprtant that yu shuld d daily exercise.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am really srry t knw that yu have been suffering frm pr health these days.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] It is urgent that yu eat mre fresh vegetables and fruit and avid fd high in fat and sugar.(运用it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句)
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Sure, chclate is a delicius treat, and it’s a main part f sme f ur favurite desserts. But it’s nt exactly a health fd, s it shuld be enjyed in mderatin—right?
Well, it turns ut that ____1____ (eat) chclate might actually have a pretty significant health benefit. Accrding t a recent research ____2____ (cnduct) by five scientists in Italy, cmpunds fund in chclate, called flavanls (黄烷醇), can help imprve cgnitive (认知) perfrmance. Yes, chclate’s gd fr yur brain.
The scientists, studying at the Universities f Rme and L’Aquila, ____3____ (recrd) research frm 10 different studies. The studies assessed peple’s perfrmance n cgnitive tests befre and after eating cca r chclate. The results ____4____ (tell): in nine ut f the ten studies, there was a nticeable imprvement after the subjects had eaten the chclate. The scientists fund imprvements in “general cgnitin, attentin, prcessing speed, and wrking memry.” Sunds pretty gd t us!
And that’s nt all. In subjects, especially wmen, ____5____ perfrmed the tests while sleep-deprived, the flavanls helped fight the negative effects f lack f sleep. And there’s even better news. ____6____ (take) daily ver perids ranging frm five days t three mnths, chclate can prduce nticeable lng-term imprvements in cgnitin. Older adults, ____7____ memries were already declining, saw an especially great imprvement. In fact, the scientists themselves ____8____ (claim) that, after ding this research, they’ve started eating chclate every day!
Nw, we’re nt saying ____9____ yu shuld start eating chclate fr breakfast, lunch, and dinner—it’s still high in sugar and lw in nutrients. _____10_____ next time yu find yurself tired ut after a sleepless night, have sme chclate and let the flavanls wrk their magic. G ahead, and take advantage f chclate’s newfund brainpwer with these delicius recipes.
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Nise-canceling headphnes wrth the price?
A little bit f silence. Smetimes that’s all we want. Whether it is halfway thrugh a 10-hur flight with a crying baby r trying t sleep thrugh the snring frm the htel rm next dr, the ____11____ f nise-canceling headphnes is ne that every traveler prbably finds charming. Yet are they wrth it? These headphnes are ften expensive, and fr sme peple, they dn’t live up t the ads.
I’ve spent a ____12____ f the last five years traveling, taking dzens f flights and train jurneys, and as smene wh has reviewed nise-canceling headphnes fr even lnger, I can definitely say maybe.
HOW THEY WORK? Nise-canceling headphnes, als called active nise canceling headphnes, use electrnic prcessing t analyze nearby sund and attempt t ____13____ the ppsite sund. The result is less nise, ver all.
These headphnes dn’t create silence, nr are they able t ____14____ nise. The crests and trughs (波峰和波谷) d nt perfectly cancel ut. The abslute best nise-canceling headphnes ____15____ reduce nise and wrk best with lw-frequency drning sunds.
Tw headphne sets culd claim t reduce the same amunt f nise but ____16____ cmpletely differently. Only hands-n testing, ideally with bjective measurements, can tell the difference.
Nise-canceling headphnes require a battery t ____17____ their electrnics. Nise-islating headphnes, which d nt require electrnics and therefre can be far cheaper, wrk by creating a seal in yur ear canal t blck nise. They are ____18____like earplugs, but with earbuds. If yu can get a gd seal, these wrk reasnably well.
Getting a gd seal can be a challenge, hwever, since everyne’s ears are different, and nt all headphnes will ____19____ crrectly. And even if yu d get a gd seal, nise-islating headphnes will nt be able t blck lw-frequency sunds as well as the best nise-canceling headphnes. They will reduce a wide range f frequencies, which can help.
WHO REALLY NEEDS THEM? If yu are a frequent traveler, gd nise-canceling headphnes will make any jurney in a plane, train r autmbile far mre pleasant.
In-ear mdels are easier—thugh still slightly uncmfrtable—t sleep with and are my ____20____. Over-ear mdels reduce a little mre nise, as they are able t passively blck sme sund because f their design. But they are always bulky n yur head r in yur bag. After I stpped reviewing these headphnes fr Wirecutter, I bught a pair f Bse QuiteCmfrt 20s, a lng time Wirecutter pick, and I never fly withut them.
三、阅读理解
A
Three Exercises t Make Breathing Easier
If yu lack lung pwer and feel a little exhausted even after a shrt jgging, the fllwing exercises can be f great help.
Use Yur Diaphragm (横膈膜)
Yur diaphragm is the muscle that cntrls breathing, and because it is lcated right abve yur stmach, yu can strengthen them tgether. Lie n yur back with yur knees bent, keeping ne hand n yur stmach and the ther n yur chest. Breathe in deeply, slwly pulling the air int yur lungs. Breathe ut thrugh yur muth. Try t wait seven secnds befre taking in air again.
Imagine Yu Are Rwing a Bat
This exercise strengthens the upper back muscles and pens yur chest cavity (腔), allwing fr full lung ability. Sit n the flr with yur legs in frnt f yu and knees slightly bent. Put a resistance band arund the bttms f yur feet and hld it in frnt f yu in an X shape. Hlding an end in each hand, spread yur arms, then pull backward until yur hands meet yur chest. Repeat at least six times three days a week.
Walk fr 20 Minutes
Walking desn’t just get yur heart pumping r wrk yur leg muscles—it als builds up the area arund yur lungs t help them functin better. T get the mst ut f yur walk, stand straight, with yur head up and yur shulders back, and keep a heel-t-te pace, allwing yur lungs t fully expand. Cmbine walking with deep breathing t increase yur air intake. Wrk up t walking three r fur days a week.
N matter which exercise yu pick up, keep this in mind: Chances are that it will take yu several mnths t see the utcme. S keep it up!
21．What shuld yu bey if yu are strengthening yur diaphragm?
A．Yu shuld lie n yur stmach with yur knees bent.
B．Yu shuld hld yur breath befre breathing in again.
C．Yu shuld d it seven times a week t get a best result.
D．Yu shuld d it by breathing in merely with yur muth.
22．Hw can yu take in mre air?
A．By keeping n rwing a bat regularly.
B．By pening yur chest cavity mre ften.
C．By integrating walking with deep breathing.
D．By allwing yur lungs t expand t the fullest.
23．What d the three exercises have in cmmn?
A．They all need sme extra assistance.B．They all invlve using yur bth feet.
C．They all require yu t stand straight.D．They all call fr cnstantly practicing.
B
The bad health effects f sleep lss during the week can’t be repaid by lnger weekend sleep, accrding t a new study.
Researchers have lng knwn that sleep deprivatin (剥夺) can cause weight gain and increase ther health risks. But fr thse wh frce themselves ut f bed every weekday after t few hurs f shut eye, they hpe turning ff the alarm n Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remve any ill effects.
The research, published in Current Bilgy, crushes thse hpes. Despite cmplete freedm t sleep during a weekend recvery perid, peple in a sleep lab wh were limited t five hurs f sleep n weekdays gained nearly three punds ver tw weeks and experienced disrders that wuld increase their risk fr diabetes (糖尿病) ver the lng term. While weekend recvery sleep had sme benefits after a single week f sleep lss, thse gains were wiped ut when peple fell right back int their same sleep deprived schedule the next Mnday.
“If there are benefits f catch-up sleep, they’re gne when yu g back t yur daily schedule. It’s very shrt lived”, said Kenneth Wright, directr f the sleep and chrnbilgy lab at the University f Clrad at Bulder. “These health effects are lng term. It’s kind f like smking nce was-peple wuld smke and wuldn’t see an immediate effect n their health, but peple will say nw that smking is nt a healthy lifestyle chice. I think that sleep is in the early stage f where smking used t be.”
Wright said that the study suggests peple shuld put sleep in the first place cutting ut the “sleep stealers” such as watching televisin shws r spending time n their phnes. Even when peple dn’t have a chice abut lsing sleep because f child-care respnsibilities r jb schedules, they shuld think abut getting sleep in the same way they wuld get a healthy diet r exercise.
24．What des the underlined wrd “crushes” mean?
A．Deepens.B．Ensures.C．Ruins.D．Causes.
25．What will Kenneth Wright agree with?
A．Smking is mre harmful than sleep lss.
B．Weekend recvery sleep has many benefits.
C．Smking and sleep lss have the same bad effects.
D．It takes lng fr peple t see the effects f sleep lss.
26．What des Kenneth Wright advise peple t d?
A．Take regular exercise every day.
B．Reduce the screen time befre sleep.
C．Watch sme TV shws befre bedtime.
D．Sleep as lng as pssible during weekdays.
27．What is the main purpse f this passage?
A．T intrduce a new study.B．T shw sme unknwn facts.
C．T prmte a healthy lifestyle.D．T share sme unhappy experiences.
C
There are many ways t travel within a city. We can walk, cycle, r take a bus. But n matter which way we travel, we have t fllw the rute (线路) the city planners laid dwn fr us.
Parkur practitiners (跑酷爱好者), hwever, see the city in a cmpletely different way. T them, there are n designed rutes. There are n walls and n stairs — they jump, climb, rll and crawl t mve acrss, thrugh, ver and under anything that they find in their path. The city is their playgrund.
The Internatinal Gymnastics Federatin (FIG) has nticed that this activity is drawing mre and mre peple t it — there are 100, 000 peple taking part in parkur tday in the UK alne, accrding t The Guardian — and hw it is helpful fr peple t be much strnger: It trains crdinatin and balance. S the FIG is thinking abut recgnizing parkur as a new sprt and adding it t the Olympics by 2024.
But parkur practitiners themselves dn’t seem t be happy with the idea. They see parkur as “a lifestyle”, wrte the website NextSprtStar. “It’s a cmpetitin against the cnditins rather than just a sprt.”
Indeed, many d parkur just t “escape the daily rutine and experience the city in different ways”, wrte reprter Oli Muld n The Cnversatin. They see parkur as a way t express themselves thrugh relaxing mves and creative rutes while freeing themselves frm the pressure.
It’s great that the FIG wants t develp a new sprt and stay clse t a new cultural frm. But it wuld be greater if they knew that nt everything in life is a cmpetitin.
28．Hw d the parkur practitiners d parkur?
A．They plan the way themselves.
B．They mve n as they wish.
C．They run faster than thers.
D．They fllw certain rutes.
29．Why des the FIG want t add parkur t the Olympics?
A．It’s a special way f life.
B．It draws their attentin.
C．It helps balance peple’s life.
D．It’s gd fr peple t keep healthy.
30．What is the authr’s idea n parkur?
A．It is mre exciting than ther sprts.
B．It is wrth adding t the sprting event.
C．It is mre a lifestyle than a cmpetitin.
D．It encurages peple t challenge themselves.
31．What is the best title fr the passage?
A．Parkur practitiners
B．Making the city their wn
C．Training in a different way
D．A new sprts cmpetitin
四、完形填空
Being a parent is already a life-changing experience. Hwever, this 40-year-ld dad ______32______ an astnishing transfrmatin (变化) after a hike with his kids.
Befre Jeremiah Petersn lked like a supermdel, he weighed 290 punds. He was nly ______33______ t lse weight after he went n a ______34______ with his family in 2017 and became aware hw quickly he gt ______35______ frm the activity.
“Instead f remembering all the gd ______36______ we had made n this trip, all I can remember is this ne thing that kept playing in my head ver and ver again: I fund myself running ut f breath and having t take ______37______ way befre my 9-, 7- and 4-year-ld kids,” Petersn wrte n Instagram.
The dad frm Missula, Mntana then ______38______ himself t get int shape.
______39______, he started by giving up drinking and ______40______ a ketgenic diet (生酮食法). Every day fr five mnths straight, he wuld hike fr tw hurs and spend ne mre hur at the gym.
After 150 days f a strict diet and lts f _______41_______, Petersn lst 92 punds. Nt nly that, he can nw run _______42_______ up the hiking trail that nce made him extremely exhausted (疲惫的).
Petersn nw uses his stry and fitness knwledge t cach and _______43_______ almst 100,000 scial media fllwers — but he says that his kids are the real _______44_______ fr his success.
“Finding yur reasn that is _______45_______ if yu want t achieve success in life,” he wrte in an Instagram pst. “If yu dn’t have a strng reasn behind yur _______46_______, yu are less likely t get the results.”
32．A．discuragedB．experiencedC．preventedD．imprved
33．A．luckyB．hnredC．determinedD．careful
34．A．hikeB．dietC．prgramD．prject
35．A．upsetB．hurtC．rewardedD．exhausted
36．A．changesB．cntributinsC．memriesD．preparatins
37．A．turnsB．breaksC．phtsD．ntes
38．A．setB．attractedC．advisedD．wished
39．A．BesidesB．InsteadC．HweverD．Therefre
40．A．insisting nB．leading tC．referring tD．agreeing n
41．A．practiceB．cnsideratinC．exerciseD．attentin
42．A．suddenlyB．nn-stpC．immediatelyD．tgether
43．A．pleaseB．cmpareC．encurageD．frce
44．A．purpseB．reasnC．advantageD．directin
45．A．necessaryB．simpleC．persnalD．available
46．A．achievementsB．imaginatinsC．cnditinsD．actins
五、六选四
The benefits f exercise have been fully nted and yur reslutins have been made. Yes, yu want t be fit and live a lng and healthy life. _____47_____.
Accrding t standard advice issued by the Wrld Health Organizatin, adults shuld be getting at least 150 minutes f mderate physical wrkut r 75 minutes f vigrus activity per week t extend their lives, get fit, have strnger muscles and be a healthy weight. If that didn’t already sund a lt, the WHO says t duble that if yu want t get further benefits.
The gd news fr thse wh dislike sprts is that it’s pssible t stick t these guidelines withut entering a gym r breaking int a jg. _____48_____.
This idea is in line with evidence frm a study last year f mre than 130,000 peple in 17 cuntries, which fund that walking t wrk and husewrk such as vacuuming r mpping the flr are activities enugh t reduce the risk f early death by 28 per cent, as lng as yu d 150 minutes a week. If yu aren’t ne fr husewrk, yu will be pleased t hear that yur weekly amunt f exercise can be put int the weekend with n ill effects, says Gray Dnvan f Lughbirugh University, UK. _____49_____ But his team analyzed data frm mre than 63,000 adults in the UK cvering 18 years and fund that peple wh favred a “weekend fighter” plan had pretty much the same reduced risk f early death frm all causes as thse wh spread ut exercise. “One weekly exercise is usually sufficient t reduce mrtality and mrbidity (死亡率和发病率),” Dnvan says. Even weekend fighters wh did less than the recmmended amunt fr the week fared better than inactive peple.
_____50_____ “N level f exercise is t much,” says Dnvan. “There’s n increase in mrtality r mrbidity if yu keep increasing the amunt.” Just dn’t g t hard each time.
A．Hwever, take care nt t d t much exercise.
B．Mst gvernments urge peple t d a little every day, r at least spread their exercise ver the week.
C．Having a busy weekend with three r fur hurs spent taking exercise des mre gd than thught.
D．Culd yu ever get t much f a gd thing?
E．But what d yu actually have t d t get the desired results?
F．The WHO’s definitin f mderate exercise includes husewrk and gardening.
六、概要写作
51．Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Regular exercise can reduce a wman’s risk f cancer, but the benefits may slip away if she gets t little sleep, U.S. researchers said n Mnday. The study invlving 5,968 wmen in Maryland cnfirmed previus findings that peple wh d regular physical activity are less likely t develp cancer.
But when the researchers lked at the wmen ages 18 t 65 wh were in the upper half in terms f the amunt f physical exercise they gt per week, they fund that sleep appeared t play an imprtant rle in cancer risk.
Thse wh slept less than seven hurs nightly had a 47 percent higher risk f cancer than thse wh gt mre sleep amng the physically active wmen, the researchers reprted at a meeting f the American Assciatin fr Cancer Research.
“We think it’s quite interesting and intriguing. It’s kind f a first lk int this. It isn’t smething that has been widely studied,” James McClain f the Natinal Cancer Institute, part f the U.S. gvernment’s Natinal Institutes f Health, said in a telephne interview.
McClain, wh led the study, said it is unclear exactly hw getting t little sleep may make ne mre susceptible（易受感染的） t cancer. “Getting adequate sleep has been lng assciated with health,” McClain said.
The U.S. Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin calls sleep lss an under-recgnized public health prblem, saying Americans are getting less and less slumber. The CDCP said the percentage f adults reprting sleeping six hurs r less a night increased frm 1985 t 2006. Sleep experts say chrnic sleep lss is assciated with besity, diabetes, high bld pressure, strke, cardivascular disease, depressin, cigarette smking and excessive drinking.
In additin, research had shwn that peple wh get regular exercise have a reduced risk f breast, cln and ther types f cancer. Experts think the effects f exercise n the bdy’s hrmne levels, immune functin and bdy weight may play an imprtant rle.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
七、汉译英（整句）
52．普遍认为，平衡的饮食和足够的运动对健康有好处，即使你处于巨大的学业压力之下。(It)
___________________________________________________________________________
53．当面对困难和失败的时候，我们应该变得更加强大和自信。(过去分词短语做状语)
___________________________________________________________________________
54．出国学习可能会让这些学生面临大量的挑战。（likely）
___________________________________________________________________________
55．项目应为每个团队量身定制，这样才能激励队员们精诚团结，为达成目标不遗余力。(tailr)
___________________________________________________________________________
八、建议信
56．假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim跟你写信提到，他感觉自己现在的身体素质没有以前好了，希望你能给他一些建议，如何保持身体健康。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.表示安慰；
2.提出建议；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：1.词数应为80字左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
A．access B．basically C．eliminate D．fit E. generate F. majrity
G. merely H. perfrm I. pwer J. prmise K. preference
参考答案
1．eating 2．cnducted 3．recrded 4．were telling 5．wh 6．Taken 7．whse 8．have claimed 9．that 10．But
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究发现吃巧克力可以提高人们的认知表现，但它并非健康食品，所以应该适量使用。
1．考查非谓语。句意：事实证明，吃巧克力可能对健康有相当大的益处。分析句子结构，“____1____ (eat) chclate”在句中作主语，所以此处填动名词eating。故答案为eating。
2．考查非谓语。句意：根据意大利五位科学家最近进行的一项研究，巧克力中发现了一种叫做黄烷醇的化合物, 有助于提高认知能力。分析句子结构，该句子的谓语动词是 can help，所以此处填非谓语动词；逻辑主语 a recent research和cnduct之间是被动关系，所以填过去分词cnducted作后置定语。故答案为cnducted。
3．考查时态。句意：在罗马大学和拉奎拉大学学习的科学家们记录了10项不同研究的研究结果。分析句子结构，该空在句子作谓语动词；由后文可知，时态为一般过去时，所以填recrded。故答案为recrded。
4．考查系表结构。句意：结果很有说服力：在十项研究中，有九项研究中受试者吃了巧克力后有了明显的改善。由后文句意可知，该结果是“具有说服力”的，所以空处要填be telling，telling在此处是形容词，表示“强有力的、有说服力的”；根据后文的提示动词“was”可知时态为一般过去时，主语results是复数，谓语动词也要用复数。故答案为were telling。
5．考查定语从句。句意：在睡眠不足时进行测试的受试者中，尤其是女性，黄烷醇有助于对抗睡眠不足的负面影响。分析句子结构，此处考查非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词wmen，指人，在从句中作主语，所以要用关系代词wh来引导。故答案为wh。
6．考查非谓语。句意：从五天到三个月，每天吃巧克力可以显著改善认知能力。分析句子结构，“____6____ (take) daily ver perids ranging frm five days t three mnths”在句中作状语，所以空处要填非谓语动词，逻辑主语chclate 和taken之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词，即taken，作状语；空格置于句首，首字母要大写。故答案为Taken。
7．考查定语从句。句意：对于记忆力本来就在下降的老年人而言，他们的改善尤其明显。分析句子结构，此处考查非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Older adults，在从句中作定语，所以用whse来引导。故答案为whse。
8．考查时态。句意：事实上，科学家们自己声称，在做了这项研究后，他们已经开始每天吃巧克力了! 分析句子结构，该空作主句的谓语动词；由句意和提示词“they’ve started”，时态为现在完成时，表示已经完成的动作；主语the scientists是复数，谓语动词也要用复数。故答案为have claimed。
9．考查宾语从句。句意：现在，我们并不是说你应该开始在早餐、午餐和晚餐吃巧克力——它仍然是高糖低营养的。分析句子结构，此处考查宾语从句，从句部分“yu shuld start eating chclate fr breakfast, lunch, and dinner—it’s still high in sugar and lw in nutrients”不缺成分及不缺含义，所以用that来引导该宾语从句。故答案为that。
10．考查连词。句意：但下次你发现自己在一个不眠之夜后感到疲惫时，吃一些巧克力，让黄烷醇发挥它们的魔力。由前后句意可知，该句子与前一句呈转折关系，所以该空填连词but；空格置于句首，首字母要大写。故答案为But。
11．J 12．F 13．E 14．C 15．G 16．H 17．I 18．B 19．D 20．K
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了降噪耳机的工作原理，以及是否值那么高的价格。
11．考查名词。句意：无论是带着哭泣的婴儿在10个小时的飞行途中，还是在隔壁酒店房间的鼾声中入睡，降噪耳机的承诺可能会让每个旅行者都觉得很迷人。根据后文“These headphnes are ften expensive, and fr sme peple, they dn’t live up t the ads.”可知，此处提到广告，所以是降噪耳机的承诺让人着迷，所以prmise意为“承诺”符合题意。故选J项。
12．考查名词。句意：过去五年的大部分时间里，我都在旅行，坐了几十次飞机和火车，作为一个对降噪耳机测评时间更久的人，我可以肯定地说，也许吧。根据后文“taking dzens f flights and train jurneys”可知，“我”大部分时间里都在旅行，a majrity f意为“大部分”符合题意。故选F项。
13．考查动词。句意：降噪耳机，也叫主动降噪耳机，使用电子处理来分析附近的声音，并试图产生相反的声音。根据后文“The crests and trughs d nt perfectly cancel ut.”可知，主动降噪耳机是产生一个声音来抵消噪音，所以generate意为“产生”符合题意。t后接动词原形。故选E项。
14．考查动词。句意：这些耳机既不能保持安静，也不能消除噪音。根据后文“The crests and trughs d nt perfectly cancel ut.”可知，降噪耳机不能消除噪音，所以eliminate意为“消除”符合题意。t后接动词原形。故选C项。
15．考查副词。句意：最好的降噪耳机只能减少噪音，对低频的嗡嗡声效果最好。根据前文可知降噪耳机不能完全消除噪音，所以只能减少噪音，merely意为“仅仅”符合题意。故选G项。
16．考查动词。句意：两种耳机可以声称减少相同数量的噪音，表现完全不同。根据后文“Only hands-n testing, ideally with bjective measurements, can tell the difference.”可知，表现不同，需要经过测试来确定，所以perfrm意为“表演”符合题意。故选H项。
17．考查动词。句意：降噪耳机需要电池来为电子设备供电。根据前文“require a battery t”可知，此处t为不定式标志，所以空处应填动词，pwer意为“驱动”符合题意。故选I项。
18．考查副词。句意：它们基本上像耳塞，但有入耳耳塞。根据前文“wrk by creating a seal in yur ear canal t blck nise.”可知，工作原理是在耳道中形成一个密封圈来阻挡噪音，所以样子基本上像一个耳塞，basically意为“基本上”符合题意。故选B项。
19．考查动词。句意：然而，要获得良好的密封性可能是一个挑战，因为每个人的耳朵都不一样，并不是所有的耳机都能正确贴合。空前是助动词will，所以空处应填动词原形，根据前文“since everyne’s ears are different”可知，每个人的耳朵不同，所以不是所有的耳机都能正确贴合，fit意为“匹配”符合题意。故选D项。
20．考查名词。句意：入耳式耳机更容易使用——尽管还是有点不舒服——是我的首选。空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词，根据后文“I never fly withut them”可知，是“我”的首选，preference意为“偏爱”符合题意。名词作表语。故选K项。
21．B 22．C 23．D
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了三种锻炼人们的肺活量，让人们在运动后呼吸更轻松的方式。同时，作者还提醒人们要坚持，不管选择哪种方式，都要持之以恒才能看到效果。
21．细节理解题。根据Use Yur Diaphragm部分最后一句“Try t wait seven secnds befre taking in air again. (在再次吸入空气之前，尝试等待七秒钟)”可知，在锻炼横膈膜的时候，需要在再次吸气之前屏住呼吸。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据Walk fr 20 Minutes部分中的倒数第二句“Cmbine walking with deep breathing t increase yur air intake. (步行与深呼吸相结合，以增加空气摄入量)”可知，人们通过结合步行和深呼吸的方式可以增加自己的空气吸入量。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段“N matter which exercise yu pick up, keep this in mind: Chances are that it will take yu several mnths t see the utcme. S keep it up! (无论你选择哪种运动，记住这一点：很可能你需要几个月才能看到结果。所以要坚持下去！)”可知，无论哪一种练习方式都需要长时间的不断练习才能看到效果。故选D。
24．C 25．D 26．B 27．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究，该研究认为一周睡眠缺失所带来的不良影响不能通过周末更长的睡眠来偿还。
24．词义猜测题。根据第二段的“they hpe turning ff the alarm n Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remve any ill effects.(他们希望在周六和周日关掉闹钟来偿还一周的睡眠债，消除任何不良影响)”和第三段“The research, published in Current Bilgy, crushes thse hpes. Despite cmplete freedm t sleep during a weekend recvery perid, peple in a sleep lab wh were limited t five hurs f sleep n weekdays gained nearly three punds ver tw weeks and experienced disrders that wuld increase their risk fr diabetes ver the lng term.(这项发表在《当代生物学》上的研究crushes这些希望。尽管在周末的恢复期可以完全自由睡觉，但在睡眠实验室里，那些在工作日只能睡5个小时的人在两周内体重增加了近3磅，并经历了长期的失调，这将增加他们患糖尿病的风险)”可知，他们想通过周末增加睡眠来消除平时睡眠不足的希望可能不会实现。由此推知，划线词crushes的意思是“摧毁”，与C. Ruins.(摧毁)意思接近。故选C项。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段的“These health effects are lng term. It’s kind f like smking nce was — peple wuld smke and wuldn’t see an immediate effect n their health, but peple will say nw that smking is nt a healthy lifestyle chice.(这些健康影响是长期的。这有点像吸烟曾经是人们会吸烟，不会对他们的健康产生直接影响，但现在人们会说吸烟不是一种健康的生活方式选择)”可知，Kenneth Wright 认为睡眠不足对人健康的影响要很长时间才能看到，就像吸烟对健康的影响一样。由此可知，D. It takes lng fr peple t see the effects f sleep lss.(对于人们来说要花很长时间才能看到睡眠不足的影响)符合Kenneth Wright的观点。故选D项。
26．细节理解题。根据倒数第一段的“Wright said that the study suggests peple shuld put sleep in the first place cutting ut the ‘sleep stealers’ such as watching televisin shws r spending time n their phnes.(Wright说这项研究建议人们应该把睡觉放在首位，杜绝看电视节目或玩手机等“偷睡眠的行为。”)”可知，Wright建议人们减少睡眠前看电视或手机的时间。故选B项。
27．推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段的“The bad health effects f sleep lss during the week can't be repaid by lnger weekend sleep, accrding t a new study.(根据一项新的研究，一周睡眠缺失所带来的不良影响不能通过更长的睡眠来偿还)”可知，本文的主要目的是介绍一项新的研究，该研究认为一周睡眠缺失所带来的不良影响不能通过周末更长的睡眠来偿还。故选A项。
28．B 29．D 30．C 31．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了跑酷这项体育运动，跑酷爱好者将城市作为自己的游乐场，按照自己的意愿在城市中移动。国际体操联合会考虑将跑酷加入奥运会，因为它有助于人们保持健康。然而作者却觉得它是一种生活方式而并非比赛。
28．推理判断题。根据第二段中“T them, there are n designed rutes. There are n walls and n stairs — they jump, climb, rll and crawl t mve acrss, thrugh, ver and under anything that they find in their path.(对他们来说，没有设计好的路线。这里没有墙，也没有楼梯——他们跳、爬、滚、爬，穿过、穿过、越过或从他们路上发现的任何东西下面移动)”可推知，跑酷爱好者会按照自己的意愿移动。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段“The Internatinal Gymnastics Federatin (FIG) has nticed that this activity is drawing mre and mre peple t it — there are 100, 000 peple taking part in parkur tday in the UK alne, accrding t The Guardian — and hw it is helpful fr peple t be much strnger: It trains crdinatin and balance. S the FIG is thinking abut recgnizing parkur as a new sprt and adding it t the Olympics by 2024.(国际体操联合会已经注意到这项运动正吸引着越来越多的人——据《卫报》报道，目前仅在英国就有10万人参加跑酷——以及跑酷如何有助于人们变得更强壮：它可以锻炼协调性和平衡性。因此，该组织正在考虑接受跑酷为一项新运动，并在2024年将其加入奥运会)”可知，国际体操联合会考虑将跑酷加入奥运会，因为它有助于人们保持健康。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“They see parkur as a way t express themselves thrugh relaxing mves and creative rutes while freeing themselves frm the pressure.(他们把跑酷视为一种表达自己的方式，通过放松的动作和创造性的路线，同时释放自己的压力)”和倒数第一段“But it wuld be greater if they knew that nt everything in life is a cmpetitin.(但是，如果他们知道生活中并非所有事都是比赛的话，就会更好了)”可推知，在作者看来，酷跑是一种人们放松、释放压力的一种生活方式，而并非一种比赛。故选C。
31．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Parkur practitiners (跑酷爱好者), hwever, see the city in a cmpletely different way. T them, there are n designed rutes. There are n walls and n stairs — they jump, climb, rll and crawl t mve acrss, thrugh, ver and under anything that they find in their path. The city is their playgrund.(跑酷练习者对城市的看法却完全不同。对他们来说，没有固定的路线。没有墙，也没有楼梯——因为他们通过跳跃、攀爬、翻滚和爬行来穿越、穿过、翻越和从任何他们发现的东西下面移动。城市就是他们的游乐场)”，结合文章主要介绍了跑酷这项体育运动，跑酷爱好者将城市作为自己的游乐场，按照自己的意愿在城市中移动。国际体操联合会考虑将跑酷加入奥运会，因为它有助于人们保持健康。作者认为跑酷帮助人们变得有创造力，还可以释放压力。由此可知，B选项“将城市归为他们自己所有”最符合文章标题。故选B。
32．B 33．C 34．A 35．D 36．C 37．B 38．A 39．D 40．A 41．C 42．B 43．C 44．B 45．A 46．D
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位父亲在家庭徒步旅行后，下定决心减肥，并最终成功的故事。他认为一件事的成功背后得有一个理由。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这位40岁的父亲在和孩子们一起远足后经历了惊人的变化。A. discuraged使沮丧；B. experienced经历；C. prevented阻止；D. imprved提高。根据下文“After 150 days f a strict diet and lts f ______10______, Petersn lst 92 punds.”可知，这位父亲减了92磅，所以他是经历了惊人的变化。故选B。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他下定决心减肥是在2017年和家人一起徒步旅行之后，他意识到自己很快就会筋疲力尽。A. lucky幸运的；B. hnred感到荣幸的；C. determined坚定的；D. careful仔细的。根据下文“The dad frm Missula, Mntana then ______7______ himself t get int shape.”可知，这位父亲是下定决心去减肥。故选C。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他下定决心减肥是在2017年和家人一起徒步旅行之后，他意识到自己很快就会疲倦。A. hike远足；B. diet节食；C. prgram程序；D. prject项目。空处为原词重现，根据文章第一段“Hwever, this 40-year-ld dad ______1______ an astnishing transfrmatin (变化) after a hike with his kids.”可知，这位父亲是和家人一起徒步旅行之后才下定决心减肥的。故选A。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他下定决心减肥是在2017年和家人一起徒步旅行之后，他意识到自己很快就会疲倦。A. upset心烦意乱的；B. hurt受伤的；C. rewarded有报酬的；D. exhausted疲惫不堪的。空处为原词重现，根据下文“Nt nly that, he can nw run ______11______ up the hiking trail that nce made him extremely exhausted (疲惫的).”可知，空处指的是疲倦的。故选D。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Petersn在Instagram上写道：“我没有记住我们在这次旅行中留下的所有美好回忆，我只记得一件事，它一直在我脑海中反复播放：我发现自己喘不过气来，不得不在我9岁、7岁和4岁的孩子之前休息一下。”A. changes改变；B. cntributins贡献；C. memries记忆；D. preparatins准备。根据下文“all I can remember is this ne thing that kept playing in my head ver and ver again: I fund myself running ut f breath and having t take ______6______ way befre my 9-, 7- and 4-year-ld kids”可知，下文指的是他能记得的事情，所以空处指的是美好的回忆。故选C。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我没有记住我们在这次旅行中留下的所有美好回忆，我只记得一件事，它一直在我脑海中反复播放：我发现自己喘不过气来，不得不在我9岁、7岁和4岁的孩子之前休息一下，”Petersn在Instagram上写道。A. turns轮流；B. breaks休息；C. phts照片；D. ntes便条、笔记。根据上文“He was nly ____2____ t lse weight after he went n a ____3____ with his family in 2017 and became aware hw quickly he gt ______4______ frm the activity.”可知，他很容易就会感到疲倦，所以他是要休息。故选B。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位来自蒙大拿州米苏拉的父亲开始健身。A. set设定；B. attracted吸引；C. advised建议；D. wished期望。考查短语：set neself t，意为“决心做某事”。根据上文可知，这位父亲下定决心开始减肥。故选A。
39．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，他从戒酒开始，坚持生酮食法。A. Besides除此之外；B. Instead相反地；C. Hwever然而；D. Therefre因此。根据上文“The dad frm Missula, Mntana then ______7______ himself t get int shape.”可知，这位父亲决定开始减肥，而下文介绍了他的减肥方法，之间存在因果关系。故选D。
40．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，他从戒酒开始，坚持生酮食法。A. insisting n坚持；B. leading t导致；C. referring t提及、参考；D. agreeing n就……达成一致。根据下文“After 150 days f a strict diet and lts f ______10______, Petersn lst 92 punds.”可知，他坚持一直如此做，才成功减肥。故选A。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过150天的严格节食和大量运动，Petersn减掉了92磅。A. practice练习；B. cnsideratin考虑；C. exercise运动；D. attentin注意力。根据上文“Every day fr five mnths straight, he wuld hike fr tw hurs and spend ne mre hur at the gym.”可知，他不仅控制饮食，还每天坚持运动，所以空处指的是运动。故选C。
42．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不仅如此，他现在还可以在曾经让他筋疲力尽的徒步路线上不停地奔跑。A. suddenly突然；B. nn-stp不停地；C. immediately立即；D. tgether共同。这里讲述的是他身上发生的变化，而根据下文“that nce made him extremely exhausted (疲惫的).”可知，远足曾经让他很快就疲惫。作为对比，现在应该是可以不停地跑动。故选B。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Petersn现在用他的故事和健身知识来指导和鼓励近10万名社交媒体粉丝，但他说他的孩子是他成功的真正原因。A. please取悦；B. cmpare比较；C. encurage鼓励；D. frce强迫。根据下文“100,000 scial media fllwers”可知，这些人都在追随他，崇拜他，所以他的故事应该是鼓励了别人。故选C。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Petersn现在用他的故事和健身知识来指导和鼓励近10万名社交媒体粉丝，但他说他的孩子是他成功的真正原因。A. purpse目的；B. reasn原因；C. advantage优点；D. directin方向。根据下文“Finding yur reasn that is ______14______ if yu want t achieve success in life”可知，他认为原因很重要，所以这里指的应该是他自己减肥成功背后的原因是孩子。故选B。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“如果你想在生活中取得成功，找到你的理由是必要的，”他在Instagram上写道。A. necessary必要的；B. simple简单的；C. persnal个人的；D. available可利用的、有空的。根据上文“but he says that his kids are the real ______13_____ fr his success.”可知，他认为自己成功的原因是孩子，也就是说他认为找到自己想要做某件事的原因很有必要。故选A。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你的行为背后没有一个强有力的理由，你就不太可能得到结果。A. achievements成就；B. imaginatins想象力；C. cnditins条件；D. actins行动。根据上文的“______8______, he started by giving up drinking and ______9______ a ketgenic diet (生酮食法). Every day fr five mnths straight, he wuld hike fr tw hurs and spend ne mre hur at the gym.”以及他所说的成功的背后肯定有强有力的原因可知，他认为一个人行动的背后得有原因才能成功。故选D。
47．E 48．F 49．B 50．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了锻炼对保持健康的重要性，但同时有研究表明，即便是平常的走路去工作、做家务甚至是一周一次的运动也会对一个的健康有意义。在不用力过猛的情况下，运动越多对人的健康越有益。
47．根据前句“Yes, yu want t be fit and live a lng and healthy life”（是的，你想要健康长寿，过一种健康的生活），这是人们追求的结果，且本段为总领段，E选项的“But what d yu actually have t d t get the desired results?”（但是你必须要做些什么来获得你渴望的结果呢？），与前句逻辑一致，故选E。
48．根据前段提到的世界卫生组织建议的“mderate physical wrkut”（中等强度的身体锻炼）以及下一段的“which fund that walking t wrk and husewrk such as vacuuming r mpping the flr are activities enugh t reduce the risk f early death by 28 per cent”（研究表明走路上班以及做家务等活动足够减少28%早死的风险率）可知，这些活动也在世界卫生组织所建议的中等强度锻炼之列，故选F。
49．根据空格后句的转折“But his team analyzed data frm mre than 63,000 adults in the UK cvering 18 years and fund that peple wh favred a “weekend fighter”.”（“但是他的团队研究了63000多个成年人的数据发现，人们更喜欢在周末运动）可知，这种做法与前空是相反的，那么只有B选项的“Mst gvernments urge peple t d a little every day, r at least spread their exercise ver the week.”（大部分政府敦促人们每天做点运动，或至少在工作日期间完成他们的运动），人们没有响应政府号召，更习惯周末运动，与后句存在转折关系，逻辑一致，故选B。
50．根据本段第二句“N level f exercise is t much,” says Dnvan.“Dnvan说，没有哪种水平的锻炼会太多”），对运动量做出回答，D选项的“Culd yu ever get t much f a gd thing?”（你会在一件好事上过量吗？），与后句内容的逻辑贴合，故选D。
【点睛】做六选四时，首先看清文本类型，通常为说明文，且多为总分结构，每个小分段的第一句通常为总结句，总领本段的内容，围绕第一句的内容写。把握这个思想，可以轻松的选出大部分答案；同时，做这类题时更应把握上下文的逻辑。
51．One pssible versin:
US researchers have fund that regular exercises may have an active effect n the bdy’s hrmne levels, immune functin and bdy weight which thus may reduce the risk f cancer. But the benefits may slip away if she gets t little sleep, especially less than seven hurs nightly which may cause such health prblems as besity, depressin and s n. Hwever, it is still unclear exactly hw sleeping little may make peple mre susceptible t cancer.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。 文章介绍美国研究人员发现，定期锻炼可能对身体激素水平、免疫功能和体重产生积极影响，从而降低患癌症的风险。但是，如果睡眠太少，尤其是每晚睡眠不足7小时，可能会导致肥胖、抑郁等健康问题，那么这些好处可能会溜走。然而，目前还不清楚睡眠不足究竟是如何使人们更容易患癌症的。
【详解】1 要点摘录①Regular exercise can reduce a wman’s risk f cancer, but the benefits may slip away if she gets t little sleep, U.S. researchers said n Mnday.
②Thse wh slept less than seven hurs nightly had a 47 percent higher risk f cancer than thse wh gt mre sleep amng the physically active wmen.
③it is unclear exactly hw getting t little sleep may make ne mre susceptible（易受感染的） t cancer.
④Sleep experts say chrnic sleep lss is assciated with besity, diabetes, high bld pressure, strke, cardivascular disease, depressin, cigarette smking and excessive drinking.
⑤Experts think the effects f exercise n the bdy’s hrmne levels, immune functin and bdy weight may play an imprtant rle.
2.缜密构思将第1、5两个要点进行重组，将第2、4两个要点进行整合。将第3个要点用自己的话进行简要表述。
3.遣词造句US researchers have fund that regular exercises may have an active effect n the bdy’s hrmne levels, immune functin and bdy weight which thus may reduce the risk f cancer.
But the benefits may slip away if she gets t little sleep, especially less than seven hurs nightly which may cause such health prblems as besity, depressin and s n.
Hwever, it is still unclear exactly hw sleeping little may make peple mre susceptible t cancer.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] US researchers have fund that regular exercises may have an active effect n the bdy’s hrmne levels, immune functin and bdy weight which thus may reduce the risk f cancer.运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第一段和最后一段进行了概括。其中that引导的宾语从句、短语have an effect n，which引导的定语从句等表达高级。
[高分句型2]：Hwever, it is still unclear exactly hw sleeping little may make peple mre susceptible t cancer. 用hw引导主语从句对第五段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
52．It is generally acknwledged that a balanced diet and enugh exercise are gd fr health, even if yu are under great academic pressure.
【详解】考查固定句型和状语从句。表示“普遍认为”句型为It is generally acknwledged that；表示“平衡的饮食和足够的运动”短语为a balanced diet and enugh exercise，作主语；表示“对健康有好处”应用be gd fr health；even if引导让步状语从句，表示“你处于巨大的学业压力之下”翻译为yu are under great academic pressure。句子用一般现在时。故翻译为It is generally acknwledged that a balanced diet and enugh exercise are gd fr health, even if yu are under great academic pressure.
53．When faced with the difficulties and failures, we shuld becme strnger and mre cnfident.
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。“当面对困难和失败的时候”可以翻译成when引导的状语从句的省略，“面对”翻译为be faced with，“困难和失败”翻译为the difficulties and failures，主从句主语一致，所以从句可以省略主语和be动词，所以“当面对困难和失败的时候”译为When faced with the difficulties and failures，“我们应该变得更加强大和自信”为主句，翻译为we shuld becme strnger and mre cnfident，故整句翻译为When faced with the difficulties and failures, we shuld becme strnger and mre cnfident。
54．Ging abrad t study is likely t let these students be faced with a large number f challenges.
【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词和固定短语。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“g abrad t study”表示“出国学习”，句中应用动名词短语作主语，句首单词首字母大写，“Ging abrad t study”作主语，表示“出国学习”，“be likely t d sth.”意为“可能做某事”，动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，“be”转换为“is”，“let sb. d sth.”意为“让某人做某事”，“these students”表示“这些学生”，“be faced with”意为“面临……”，“a large number f”意为“大量的”，“challenge”意为“挑战”，为可数名词，“a large number f”后接“challenge”的复数形式“challenges”，“let these students be faced with a large number f challenges”表示“让这些学生面临大量的挑战”。故翻译为Ging abrad t study is likely t let these students be faced with a large number f challenges.
55．The prject shuld be tailred t the needs f each team s that it can mtivate team members t unite tgether and spare n effrts t achieve their gal.
【详解】考查状语从句和固定短语。此处主语为prject；表示“应为每个团队量身定制”翻译为shuld be tailred t the needs f each team；s that引导目的状语从句，表示“激励队员们精诚团结”翻译为mtivate team members t unite tgether，can后跟动词原形；表示“为达成目标不遗余力”翻译为spare n effrts t achieve their gal。故翻译为The prject shuld be tailred t the needs f each team s that it can mtivate team members t unite tgether and spare n effrts t achieve their gal.
56．Dear Jim,
I am really srry t knw that yu have been suffering frm pr health these days. In respnse t yur request in the last letter, I am glad t ffer my advice.
First f all, a balanced diet is f prime imprtance, cnsidering hw bsessed yu are with sweet fd. It is urgent that yu eat mre fresh vegetables and fruit and avid fd high in fat and sugar. Besides, daily exercise is equally imprtant. Stick t it, and yu will definitely get in better shape. Furthermre, it is said that yu will have a healthier heart with at least 7 hurs f sleep every night. S, d get enugh sleep! One mre thing: stay psitive and smile mre.
I d hpe my advice will be f practical help t yu. I’m lking frward t yur recvery.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Jim回信，就如何保持身体健康给他一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提供：ffer→ prvide
主要的：prime → main
急迫的：urgent →pressing
建议： advice → suggestin
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, daily exercise is equally imprtant.
拓展句：Besides, it is equally imprtant that yu shuld d daily exercise.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am really srry t knw that yu have been suffering frm pr health these days.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] It is urgent that yu eat mre fresh vegetables and fruit and avid fd high in fat and sugar.(运用it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句)
相关试卷
上外版 (2020)必修 第三册Unit 2 Art and Artists精品单元测试达标测试： 这是一份上外版 (2020)必修 第三册<a href="/yy/tb_c4055284_t7/?tag_id=28" target="_blank">Unit 2 Art and Artists精品单元测试达标测试</a>，共25页。试卷主要包含了用单词的适当形式完成短文，选用适当的单词或短语补全短文，完形填空，阅读理解，六选四，概要写作，汉译英，开放性作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
上外版 (2020)必修 第三册Unit 1 Road to Success优秀单元测试随堂练习题： 这是一份上外版 (2020)必修 第三册<a href="/yy/tb_c4055283_t7/?tag_id=28" target="_blank">Unit 1 Road to Success优秀单元测试随堂练习题</a>，共20页。试卷主要包含了用单词的适当形式完成短文，选用适当的单词或短语补全短文，完形填空，阅读理解，六选四，概要写作，汉译英，图画作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
上外版 (2020)必修 第一册Unit 3 Travel优秀课时作业： 这是一份上外版 (2020)必修 第一册<a href="/yy/tb_c4009261_t7/?tag_id=28" target="_blank">Unit 3 Travel优秀课时作业</a>，共2页。
