新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题06 高频语法之状语从句、并列句、特殊句型与语法填空(2份打包,原卷版+解析版)
展开一、状语从句和并列句
1. 思维导图
2. 高考真题再现
一、2022年高考真题
1(2022新高考I卷)
After a three-year pilt perid, the GPNP will be fficially set up next year. The GPNP is designed t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)f natural ecsystems, preserving bilgical diversity, prtecting eclgical buffer znes, __________ leaving behind precius natural assets(资产)fr future generatins”.
答案:and
解析:考查连词。句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系,应用and。故填and。
2(2022全国乙卷)
The “First Internatinal Tea Day Tea Rad Cperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremny calls fr peple wrking in the tea industry t cme tgether t prmte internatinal cperatin ____________ cultural exchanges.
答案:and
解析:考查连词。句意:仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来,促进国际合作和文化交流。名词internatinal cperatin和cultural exchanges为并列成分,作动词prmte的宾语。故填and。
3.(2022年新高考2卷)
He hung n fr a few minutes ___41___ screamed fr his father, but his father didn't hear him.
答案:. and
解析:考查连词。句意:他坚持了几分钟,尖叫喊着他的父亲,但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写连词,连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意,此处表示并列关系。故填and。
二、2021-2019年高考真题
1.(2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空)
Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure 7 ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur aching legs.
【答案】 and
【解析】考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知,两个谓语动词highlights和ffers之间缺少连接词进行连接;同时,两个动作间为并列关系,所以应填并列连词。故填and。
2.(2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空)
My bike was ld and shaky 7 did the jb.
【答案】 but
【解析】考查连词。此处表示我的自行车又旧又晃,后面能用。所以是转折的关系,故填but。
3.(2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空)
It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept 4 the late 1980s.
【答案】until
【解析】考查时间介词。根据空前有nt可知,此处until与nt一起构成固定用法nt… until,意为 "直到……才……" 。句意:直到20世纪80年代后期,它才作为一种旅游概念被广泛接受。故填until。
4.(2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空)
In a study f 33 years f trends in Bdy Mass Index(体重指数)acrss 200 cuntries the scientists fund that peple wrldwide are getting heavier 1 that mst f the rise is due t gains in BMT in rural areas.
【答案】and
【解析】文章大意:介绍了一项关于体重指数的研究,描述了不同时期城乡体重指数的差异及其背后的原因。考查连词。句意:科学家人们发现人们越来越胖了,这个现象背后的原因是偏远地区人们体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知that peple wrldwide are getting heavier和that mst f the rise is due t gains in BMI in rural areas.都是fund引导的宾语从句,是并列关系,故答案为and。
5.(2020.7 新高考海南卷 语法填空 )
Each vlume in the set explres a wide range f material, explains the basic cncepts f majr applicatins f digital systems, 7 discusses the influences they have n everyday life.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意:系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料,解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念,并讨论了他们对日常生活的影响,前后句为并列关系,所以用连词and,故答案为:and。
6.(2020.1 浙江卷 语法填空 )
It's als that they are n average healthier 10 mre prductive fr lnger. Therefre, they can wrk fr lnger, cnsume mre and in general be a bst t the ecnmy.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。根据本空前后都为形容词的比较级,故这里应该填并列连词。又因为healthier和mre prductive不存在转折含义,为递进关系。故答案:为and。
7.(2020.7 全国三卷语法填空)
5 he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and pinted dwn the river.
【答案】When 或 As
【解析】考查连接词。句意:当他问河岸上的村民,他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时,他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句,表示"当……时候",且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词,不能用while引导,故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。
8.(2020.7 上海卷语法填空)
One f the earliest-knwn inventins is the bw and arrw, which is still used thrughut the wrld tday, 15, 000 years 1 it was first invented.
【答案】after
【解析】考查连词。句意:已知最早的发明之一是弓箭,在它被发明15000年后,至今仍在全世界使用。根据句意可知,本空应填连词after。故答案为:after。
9.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】I dn't see any reasn t give up wrk. I lve cming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made_(make) ver the years. I wrk nt because I have t, ___67___ because I want t.”
【答案】but
【解析】考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知,此处为转折关系,句意:我工作不是因为我不得不做,而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文nt 呼应,构成“不是……而是 ……”之意,故填but。
10.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】On ur way t the huse,it was raining ___61___ hard that we culdn't help wndering hw lng it wuld take t get (get)there. It was in the middle f Pearl City.
【答案】s
【解析】考查副词。句意:在我们去那座房子的路上,雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“s…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。故填s。
3. 考试技巧
【关键技法点拨】
语法填空解题策略
1. 完整的句子中, 如果两个单词或短语并列, 要填并列连词;
2. 若两个句子(两个主谓结构)之间没有句号或分号, 也没有连词, 空格处必定填连词;
3. 牢记特殊句式中连词的运用;
4. 全面掌握九大状语从句的连接词, 熟悉它们的用法;
5. 准确判断主从句的逻辑关系, 同时要注意区分易混词。
4. 知识点拓展
1:考点梳理
and和but的用法区别;
while表对比的用法。
时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、让步、条件、方式和比较状语从句等;
常用的引导状语从句的连词。
考点1 基本用法
1. 并列句的用法及常见连词
2. 状语从句的类型及常见连接词
考点2 时间状语从句
考点3 结果状语从句
考点4 让步状语从句
考点5 条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的常用连接词有if, nce, unless, in case, as/s lng as, n cnditin that, suppsing (that), given (that), prviding/prvided (that) 等。
1. if
(1)若主句为将来时,if从句多用一般现在时表将来。
If it snws tmrrw, we will g skiing.
(2) if pssible/necessary意为“如有可能,如有必要”。
If (it is) necessary, please bring yur cmputer here.
(3) nly if和 if nly
nly if意为“只有”, 置于句首时主句的主谓要用部分倒装。if nly 意为“但愿,要是……就好了”,引导的从句要用虚拟语气。
Only if yu wrk harder can yu catch up with thers.
If nly it culd be sunny tmrrw.
2. unless
unless引导条件状语从句,表示“除非,否则”,可替换成if... nt...。
Please dn’t speak, unless yu are invited.
=Please dn’t speak, if yu are nt invited.
考点6 比较状语从句
比较状语从句一般位于句尾,常用than, as... as..., nt as/s... as...等引导。
1. than前的形容词和副词用比较级形式。
It’s easier than I thught.
I sing better than he des. = He desn’t sing as well as I d.
2. as... as...表示“前者与后者一样……”,nt as/s... as...表示“前者不如后者……”,形容词和副词均用原级。常用于以下句型:
as+adj. /adv. +as
as+adj. +a/an+可数名词单数+as
as+many/few+可数名词复数+as
as+much/little+不可数名词+as
I have as gd a sister as yu have.
I’m nt as cnsiderate as s many peple seem t think.
They are having almst as much unemplyment as we are.
考点7 状语从句中的省略
1. 在时间、地点、条件、方式、让步或比较状语从句中,当从句和主句主语一致,且从句中又有be动词时,可将从句主语及be动词省略。
He pened the desk drawer, as if (he was) in search f smething imprtant.
2. 当从句主语为代词it,从句中又有be动词时,从句主语及be动词可省略。
Cme alng with yur teacher if (it is) pssible.
3. 当从句是there be结构时,there be可省略。
Yu can ask me questins if (there are) any.
4. 在as, than引导的状语从句中,可省略与主句中重复的任何成分及be动词。
She speaks English better than he (speaks English).
Yu shuld d it as (yu were) tld t (d it).
考点8 状语从句中的倒装
1. n sner... than...和hardly/scarcely... when...引导时间状语从句,n sner和hardly/scarcely位于句首时,需将n sner和hardly/scarcely所在的句子部分倒装,且常用过去完成时,其后的than和when连接的句子不倒装,常用一般过去时。
Hardly had he begun t speak when his wife stpped him.
2. nt until...位于句首时,主句要部分倒装,nt until从句不倒装。
Nt until he came back yesterday evening did we finish the wrk.
3. if虚拟条件状语从句谓语含were, shuld, had时可将if省略,把were, shuld, had移至主语前。
Shuld he be here (= If he shuld be here) next week, he wuld help us.
4. s... that...和such... that...引导的结果状语从句中,若将“s +adj./adv.”或“such +n.”置于句首,主句要部分倒装。
S mved was she that she culd nt say a wrd.
5. as/thugh引导让步状语从句的倒装结构为:名词/形容词/副词/分词+as/thugh+主语+谓语,动词+as/thugh+主语+助动词。若是可数名词单数,前置时要省略冠词a/an。
Child as/thugh he is, he can take care f himself.
Try as/thugh he might, he culd nt find a jb.
Much as/thugh I like it, I wn’t buy it.
6. hwever, whatever引导的让步状语从句。
Hwever/N matter hw hard he wrked, he culdn’t slve the prblem.
Whatever/N matter what reasns yu have, yu shuld carry ut yur prmise.
二、特殊句型
1. 思维导图
2. 高考真题再现
一、2022-2019年高考真题
1.(2022.6全国甲卷 改错)
The disagreement was t sharp that neither he nr I knew what t settle it.
【答案】将t改为s。
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:这分歧如此尖锐,以至于他和我都不知道如何解决它。固定句型“s…that…”译为“如此……以至于……”引导结果状语从句。故将t改为s。
2.(2022.6全国乙卷 语法填空)
___68___ (strengthen)the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media,
【答案】T strengthen
【解析】考查非谓语动词。考察t d sth在句子中目的状语。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知,此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”,需要用不定式作目的状语。故填T strengthen。
3.(2022年新高考2卷)
He saved my sn's life," said Mrs. Brwn. "I dn't knw ___45___ t thank him. ”
【答案】 hw
【解析】考查特殊疑问词。句意:我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构,设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+t d不定式结构作宾语。根据句意,hw意为“如何”,符合句意。故填hw。
4.(2021.6全国乙卷 改错)
That's ur view n husewrk. And hpes this can inspire mre thinking n the tpic!
【答案】把hpes改为hpe
【解析】考查省略句。分析题目可知,此处表示(I) hpe this can inspire…,故hpe应用动词原形形式。故把hpes改为hpe。
5.(2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空)
It is pssible 3 (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
【答案】 t walk
【解析】考查形式主语句,本句是典型的It is adj. + t d的形式。非谓语动词t d做真正主语,it做形式主语。故填 t walk 。
6.(2021.3 天津卷 单选)—Are yu dne with the bk I gave yu?
— . I'm still reading the last chapter.
Hard t say B. Nt quite C. Of curse D. It all depends
【答案】B
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:—我给你的书你看完了吗?—不完全是。我还在读最后一章。A.Hard t say很难说;B.Nt quite不完全是;C.Of curse当然;D.It all depends这要看情况了。根据语境可知,本空应填 "Nt quite" 。故选:B。
7.(2021.3 天津卷 单选)—Hw's the prject ging?
— . All we have t d is finish the last bit f wrk.
A. Easy cme easy g B. Far frm it C. By all means D. S far s gd
【答案】D
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:—这个项目进展的如何?—到目前为止,一直都还不错。我们要做的就是完成最后一项工作。A.Easy cme easy g 来得容易去得也快;B.Far frm it远非如此;C.By all means 绝不;D.S far s gd到目前为止,一直都还不错。根据下半句可知,目前进展还不错。故选D。
8.(2020·江苏卷) Building such a bridge ver the bay was ______ but the lcal gvernment made it within tw years.
A. a wet blanketB. a piece f cakeC. a dark hrseD. a hard nut t crack
【答案】D
【解析】考查习惯用语辨析。句意:在海湾上建造这样一座桥是一件困难的事情,但当地政府在两年内完成了。A. a wet blanket一件扫兴的事情;B. a piece f cake小菜一碟;C. a dark hrse出人意外的获胜者;D. a hard nut t crack很难解决的问题。根据空前such a bridge ver the bay及空后but the lcal gvernment made it within tw years可知,在海湾上建造这样一座桥是一件困难的事情。故选D。
9. (2020·江苏卷)—D yu knw anything abut Zhang Zhngjing?
—______ He has been hnred as a master dctr since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
A. Hw cme?B. S what?C. By all means.D. With pleasure.
【答案】C
【解析】考查日常交际用语。句意:-你知道关于张仲景的事情吗?-当然。 自东汉以来,他被尊为医学大师。A. Hw cme?怎么会?B. S what?那又怎样?C. By all means.当然;D. With pleasure.很愿效劳。根据空后He has been hnred as a master dctr since the Eastern Han Dynasty.可知,后者对张仲景非常了解。所以他“当然”知道关于张仲景的事情。C选项符合语境。故选C。
10.(2020·(天津卷)英语笔试(第一次))—Tim has difficulty in making decisins.
—__________. He's still hesitating abut whether t take the jb.
A.That’s itB.Give it a tryC.It's settledD.Yu're kidding me
【答案】A
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:—Tim做决定有困难。—就是。他还在犹豫是否接受那份工作。 A.That's it就是;B. Give it a try试一试:C. It's settled那就决定了;D.Yu're kidding me你在跟我开玩笑吧。此处是对上句情况的肯定,故选A。
11.(2020·(天津卷)英语笔试(第二次)
—Shall I rder a taxi fr Sarah t g t the airprt tnight?
—______. I’ll drive her there.
A.Have a tryB.Dn’t mentin itC.Dn’t btherD.G ahead
【答案】C
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:--今晚我为莎拉叫一辆出租车去机场好吗?--不用麻烦了。我开车送她去。A. Have a try试一试吧;B. Dn’t mentin it别客气,不用谢;C. Dn’t bther不用麻烦了;D. G ahead走吧,干吧。根据“I will drive her there”可知,第二个人会送莎拉去机场,因此他让第一个人“不用麻烦叫出租车”。故选C。
12.(2020·(天津卷)英语笔试(第二次))
—Next time yu visit Bb, remember t give him a call in advance.
—______. I will.
A.My pleasureB.N wnderC.Gd pintD.Never mind
【答案】C
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:--下次你去拜访Bb的时候,记得提前给他打个电话。--好主意。我会的。A. My pleasure 我很荣幸,别客气;B. N wnder难怪;C. Gd pint好主意;D. Never mind没有关系。根据”I will”可知,第二个人对第一个人的提议非常赞同。故C选项符合语境。故选C。
13.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】12.The prfessr warned tie students that n n accunt _____________ use mbile phnes in his class.
A. shuld theyB. they shuld
C. dare theyD. they dare
【答案】A
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意:这位教授警告学生们,在他的课堂上,决不应该使用手机。n n accunt决不,否定词放在句首,句子使用部分倒装,应该做shuld d,敢于做dare d,根据句意表示”应该“,故选A。
14. 【2019·新课标II卷·短文改错】I recnsidered my gal and decided t be a dctr. They were tw reasns fr the decisin.
【答案】They改为There
【解析】考查there be句型。句意:有两个原因可以解释这个决定。句中的they在前边句中找不到指代关系,且后边句子中的ne与the ther是对这两个原因的解释。故将They改为There。
二、2018-2017年高考真题
1.【2018·天津卷改编】14. It was nly when the car pulled up in frnt f ur huse ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
【答案】 that
【解析】考查强调句。句意:只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考查强调句,强调句型结构为:It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ wh(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。本题强调时间状语nly when the car pulled up in frnt f ur huse。
点睛:本题考查强调句,要求有学生掌握好强调句的常用句型以及相关知识的能力。分析句子时首先要看清楚结构,It is / was…开头而后面跟句子时就要看它是不是强调句了。强调句有一个特点:拿掉It was/is…that…后不影响整个句子的完整性,则是强调句。判断完是不是强调句后再根据强调的部分是人还是物来选择连接词that或者是wh。
2.【2018·北京卷改编】8. In any unsafe situatin, simply ________(press) the buttn and a highly-trained agent will get yu the help yu need.
【答案】press
【解析】考查祈使句。句意:在任何不安全的情况下,仅仅摁一下这个按钮,一个训练有素的特工就会使你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词,连接并列结构,and后面是一个句子,那么,前面也应是句子。
只有动词原形可以构成祈使句,其余的都是非谓语动词,无法构成句子。故A选项正确。
点睛:祈使句+and/r+陈述句是一种常见结构。当前后两部分间为承接关系时,用and;前后意思为相反关系时,用r。该句式中的陈述句部分常用一般将来时态。
3.【2018·新课标II卷·语法填空】China's apprach t prtecting its envirnment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens "ffers useful lessns fr agriculture and fd plicymakers wrldwide." says the bank's Juergen Vegele.
【答案】feeding
【解析】考查省略句。句意:中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作,while后面省略掉了China is,省略句的原则:在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句中,如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时,那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。故填feeding。
4.【2017·天津卷改编】11. It was when I gt back t my apartment ______ I first came acrss my new neighbrs.
【答案】that
【解析】试题分析:句意:当我回到我的公寓的时候,我首先遇见了我的新邻居。根据关键词It was开头,后面连词首选that,构成强调句型,但需要验证,本句中去掉It was 和that,句意完整,所以确定是强调句型。故选that。
考点:考查强调句型。
【名师点睛】判断一句话是否是强调句的一个方法是去掉强调结构,如果这句话还能够成立就是强调句,例如这道题,去掉强调结构是:when I gt back t my apartment ______ I first came acrss my new neighbrs..这句话是成立的,所以是强调句。除了强调句的陈述句,还需要掌握强调句的一般疑问句和特殊疑问词的结构,还有强调句做名词性从句的语序问题。
3. 考试技巧
【关键技法点拨】
语法填空解题策略
建议今后注意一下强调句型。 在未来考试中可能考查到。
其考查点有:(1)强调句型用于强调陈述句;(2)强调句型用于强调一般疑问句;(3)强调句型用于强调特殊疑问句;(4)强调句型用于强调特殊疑问句用在宾语从句的语序;(5)强调句型用于强调nt. . . until. . . 句型。
4. 知识点拓展
1:考点梳理
倒装的必备条件及具体应用;
省略的基本原则及用法;
强调句的基本结构、句式及其与相似主从复合句的区别。
考点1 倒装
1:完全倒装
2:部分倒装
考点2 省略
1. 不定式的省略
(1)在动词不定式结构中,为了避免重复,常常省略不定式结构中的动词,只保留t,常见的词或结构有expect, frget, hpe, intend, like, lve, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish, glad, happy, pleased, delighted, have, need, ught, used, be ging, be abut, be sure, be afraid, be certain, be likely, be ready, be suppsed等。
I asked him t see the film, but he didn’t want t.
I didn’t want t g there, but I had t.
— Will yu jin in the game?
— I’d be glad t.
(2)感官动词(see, feel, hear, ntice, watch, bserve, listen t等)和使役动词(let, make, have)后接不定式作宾语补足语时省略t,但在被动式中不能省略(let除外)。
He made me laugh.
Please have him cme here.
I was made t laugh by him.
(3)如果不定式是be动词或完成式,则须在t后加上be或have。
— Are yu a cllege student?
— N, but I want t be.
(4)介词but意为“除了”,后接不定式,但如果but前面有行为动词d, des, did时,but后的不定式去掉t。
I didn’t have any chice but t wait.
I culd d nthing but wait patiently.
(5)不定式作表语,主语部分中出现了行为动词d, des, did时,作表语的不定式可省略t。
What we must d is (t) prtect the envirnment.
(6)两个及以上不定式并列,后面的t可省略,第一个t不能省略。
My mther’s jb is t lk after the baby and clean the huse.
2. 虚拟语气中if的省略
在虚拟条件从句中,如果把助动词were, had, shuld提到句首,if要省略。
Were I yu, I wuld g with her.
3. 限制性定语从句中关系词的省略
(1)关系代词wh, whm, which和that在定语从句中作动词宾语或作句子末端介词的宾语时可省略。
Is there anything (that) yu want?
Wh is the man (that) yu were talking t?
(2)关系代词that在定语从句中作表语时可省略。
Wuhan tday is nt the city (that) it was.
(3)关系副词when, where, why通常不能省略,但有特殊情况,即用于day, year, time, place, smewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nwhere, the reasn等少数词后时可以省略(也可换成that),常用于口语。
That was the year (when/that) I first went abrad.
This is the place (where/that) they met yesterday.
That’s the reasn (why/fr which/that) he came.
4. 在对话中,常用s或nt来代替上文的一部分或整个从句。这种用法常见的词有hpe, think, be afraid, call, say, speak, believe, guess, expect, suppse, imagine, fear, hear等。
— She must lk like a pretty girl.
— Yes, I think s.
— Culd I take this bk ut?
— Srry, I’m afraid nt.
考点3 强调
考点4 反意疑问句
1:陈述部分含有宾语从句的反意疑问句
2:陈述部分含有否定词的反意疑问句
考点5 感叹句
三、模拟演练
1.(2022·四川·石室中学模拟预测)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last March my daughter Annie and I rescued a special tw-year-ld dg Teddy frm a shelter. Teddy had heartwrm disease (心丝虫病) and was ___41___ (luck) nursed back t health. It is such a lng ___42___ (pain) prcess fr dgs t recver ___43___ well wrth it!
Teddy was injected (注射) twice and had t remain in a cage and became inactive. It ___44___ (break) Annie's heart seeing that her lving friend, ___45___ brught such happiness and jy t ur family, had t suffer frm great pain.
Many dgs are nt ffered ___46___ (prtect) against heartwrm and these inncent animals are seriusly hurt by the disease.She thught it is incredible ___47___ (figure) this cnditin can be avided by giving yur pet ne pill each mnth.
In an effrt t develp heartwrm awareness, Annie created a nn-prfit rganizatin ___48___(call) Wags 4 Hpe. It is here where she cmbines her lve f animals with her enthusiasm ___49___ painting. All the mney she gets thrugh her paintings ____50____(give) t several dg shelters t help pay fr the dgs' medical needs until they find their frever hmes.
答案:
luckily
42.painful
43.but
44.brke
45.wh
46.prtectin
47.t figure
48.called
49.fr
50.is given
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和女儿为保护宠物狗,建立了一个名为“Wags 4 Hpe”的非盈利组织的故事。
41.考查副词。句意:泰迪患有心丝虫病病,幸运的是在护理下恢复了健康。根据句意及句子结构,此处应副词luckily,作状语,表示“幸运地”,故填luckily。
42.考查形容词。句意:对狗来说,康复是一个漫长而痛苦的过程,但这是值得的!根据句意及句子结构,此处用形容词painful,作定语修饰名词prcess,故填painful。
43.考查连词。句意:对狗来说,康复是一个漫长而痛苦的过程,但这是值得的!根据句意,前后句是转折关系,所以用连词but连接,故填but。
44.考查动词时态。句意:看到她那位给我们家带来如此幸福和欢乐的亲爱的朋友遭受如此巨大的痛苦,安妮的心都碎了。此句描述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时态,故填brke。
45.考查定语从句。句意:看到她那位给我们家带来如此幸福和欢乐的亲爱的朋友遭受如此巨大的痛苦,安妮的心都碎了。根据句子结构,此句是非限制性定语从句,先行词为friend,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词wh引导,故填wh。
46.考查名词。句意:许多狗没有得到保护,这些无辜的动物被这种疾病严重伤害。根据句意及句子结构,此处用名词prtectin,作ffered的宾语,表示抽象概念的“保护”,为不可数名词,故填prtectin。
47.考查非谓语动词。句意:她认为,通过每月给宠物服用一片药片,可以避免这种情况,这是不可信的。此句是it作形式主语,不定式作真正主语,故填t figure。
48.考查非谓语动词。句意:为了提高人们对心虫病的认识,安妮创建了一个名为“Wags 4 Hpe”的非盈利组织。根据句子结构,call和a nn-prfit rganizatin是动宾关系,所以用过去分词,作后置定语,故填called。
49.考查介词。句意:在这里,她将对动物的热爱与对绘画的热情结合在一起。根据句意,此处是固定短语enthusiasm fr表示“对……的热情”,故填fr。
50.考查动词语态。句意:她通过绘画获得的所有收入都捐给了几家狗狗收容所,以帮助它们支付医疗费用,直到它们找到它们永远的家。give和All the mney之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态。描述现状,所以用一般现在时态,主语All the mney为不可数名词,故填is given。
2.(2022·重庆市涪陵高级中学校模拟预测)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When Zhu Caiping, 73, was diagnsed with mild cgnitive impairment(认知损伤) three years ag, she fund that ____51____(anxius), depressin and even lking dwn n herself became nrmal in her life. It was nt until last year, after she became a restaurant server in Shanghai, ____52____ her situatin began t imprve dramatically.
The cafe has eight elderly emplyees with cgnitive impairments, ____53____ take turns wrking with ther waiters t help custmers enjy their meals. In additin t prviding services, the elderly emplyees participate in welfare activities ____54____(rganize) by vlunteers, such as baking, dancing and learning English.” These activities reactivate my brain,” Zhu said.
Shanghai is als hme t ther cafes that prvide help and supprt fr disadvantaged grups. Last year, the cafe Hinchiju went viral after wrd spread that half its emplyees have disabilities, ____55____(especial) hearing impairment. In 2018, A-Cffee ____56____(establish) in the city, training peple with autism (自闭症) t becme prfessinal waiters and ____57____(prvide) them with pprtunities fr scial interactin.
“The ppularity f these special cafes ____58____(shw) that many peple in the city pay attentin t public welfare, which is the symbl f Shanghai’s sft pwer,” said Lyu Xiahui, ____59____ member f the standing cmmittee f the Xuhui District Cmmittee and directr f ______60______(it) publicity department.
答案:
anxiety
52.that
53.wh
54.rganized
55.especially
56.was established
57.prviding
58.shws
59.a
60.its
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了上海的一些为弱势群体提供帮助和支持的特色咖啡馆。
51.考查名词。句意:当73岁的朱彩萍三年前被诊断出患有轻度认知障碍时,她发现焦虑、抑郁甚至看不起自己在她的生活中变得正常了。分析句子结构可知,本句为宾语从句,从句中用名词作与depressin和动名词even lking dwn n herself并列的主语。故填anxiety。
52.考查强调句。句意:直到去年,在上海的一家餐馆当服务员后,她的情况才开始有了显著的改善。强调句的结构为It is/was…that+从句,本句强调时间状语nt until last year, after she became a restaurant server in Shanghai,。故填that。
53.考查定语从句。句意:这家咖啡馆有8名认知障碍的老年员工,他们轮流和其他服务员一起工作,帮助顾客享用他们的饭菜。句中先行词为impairments,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词wh引导非限制性定语从句。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填wh。
54.考查非谓语动词。句意:除了提供服务外,老年员工还会参加志愿者组织的福利活动,比如烘焙、跳舞和学习英语。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词,所以这里应用非谓语动词。名词welfare activities与rganize之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填rganized。
55.考查副词。句意:去年,Hinchiju咖啡馆有一半员工有残疾,尤其是听力障碍,这个消息传开后,这家咖啡馆迅速走红。句中用副词,在句中作状语。故填especially。
56.考查时态和语态。句意:2018年,A-Cffee在该市成立,培训自闭症患者成为专业服务员,并为他们提供社交机会。主语A-Cffee与动词establish是被动关系且根据句中时间状语In 2018可知,用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was established。
57.考查非谓语动词。句意:2018年,A-Cffee在该市成立,培训自闭症患者成为专业服务员,并为他们提供社交机会。根据连词and前的training是现在分词形式,所以同样用现在分词作状语。故填prviding。
58.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:徐汇区委员会常委、宣传部主任吕晓辉表示:“这些特色咖啡馆的流行表明,上海有很多人关注公益事业,这是上海软实力的象征。”根据句中时态可知,用一般现在时。主语The ppularity 是单数,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填shws。
59.考查冠词。句意:徐汇区委员会常委、宣传部主任吕晓辉表示:“这些特色咖啡馆的流行表明,上海有很多人关注公益事业,这是上海软实力的象征。”名词member 为可数名词,泛指,且member是以辅音音素开头的词,所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
60.考查代词。句意:徐汇区委员会常委、宣传部主任吕晓辉表示:“这些特色咖啡馆的流行表明,上海有很多人关注公益事业,这是上海软实力的象征。”名词publicity department前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
3.(2022·河南信阳·高二阶段练习)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yur mrning cffee culd be used t make a pair f sneakers, a Finnish cmpany reveals(透露). Rens makes new things frm cffee grunds(渣滓), ____61____(cut) back n waste and methane(甲烷) emissins.
5,000 backers dnated ver $500,000 t see the sneakers cme t life, each pair f ____62____ uses up 21 cups f cffee and 6 recycled plastic bttles.
Jesse Tran, the funder f Rens, wanted t d smething t help reduce peple’s carbn ftprint while ffering an everyday she that is ____63____(functin) and fashin-frward. “As envirnmental awareness increases, ____64____ des the knwledge f the circular ecnmy. Shes made frm recycled cffee grunds may seem nvel t sme, but we ____65____(whlehearted) believe that this is just the beginning ____66____ a revlutin in clthing technlgy,” said Tran.
Surprisingly, 250,000 water bttles and 750,000 cups f cffee ____67____(turn) int these shes s far. The cffee grunds are cmbined in a lw-heat envirnment with recycled plastic ____68____(create) a cffee yarn(纱线) t spin int the shes’ upper sectin, while recycled plastic accunts fr ther ____69____(cmpnent).
While the price f the shes is pretty steep at $119 n Amazn, ____70____ ffers free shipping everywhere, a ne-year guarantee n their waterprfing technlgy, and a 30-day mney back guarantee as well.
答案:
cutting
62.which
63.functinal
64.s
65.whleheartedly
66.f
67.have been turned
68.t create
69.cmpnents
70.it
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了芬兰一家公司通过用咖啡渣制作运动鞋,减少了废物和甲烷排放。
61.考查非谓语动词。句意:塞恩斯用咖啡渣制作新东西,减少了废物和甲烷排放。句中makes为谓语,设空处表示伴随,且与Rens之间是主动关系,故应该使用现在分词。故填cutting。
62.考查定语从句。句意:5000名支持者捐赠了超过50万美元来见证这双运动鞋的诞生,每一双都要用掉21杯咖啡和6个回收塑料瓶。分析句子,设空处与前文介词f构成介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。引导词指代前文的sneakers,故填which。
63.考查形容词。句意:Rens的创始人Jesse Tran想做点什么来帮助人们减少碳足迹,同时提供一款实用又时尚的日常鞋。分析句子,设空处应该填写functin的形容词作表语,与fashin-frward并列,故填functinal。
64.考查代词。句意:随着环境意识的增强,人们对循环经济的认识也在增强。分析句子,设空处表示对前文的肯定,意为“……也是如此”,s符合句意。故填s。
65.考查副词。句意:用回收咖啡渣制成的鞋子对一些人来说可能很新奇,但我们全心全意地相信,这只是服装技术革命的开始。句中应该使用whlehearted的副词修饰believe动词,作状语。故填whleheartedly。
66.考查固定搭配。句意:同上。句中the beginning f为固定短语,意为“……的开端”,故填f。
67.考查动词。句意:令人惊讶的是,到目前为止,已经有25万个水瓶和75万杯咖啡被制成了这些鞋。分析句子,设空处应该使用动词作谓语。句中s far意为“到目前为止”,是现在完成时的标志。同时cups和turn之间是被动关系,故使用现在完成时被动语态。故填have been turned。
68.考查非谓语动词。句意:咖啡渣在低温环境中与回收塑料结合,形成咖啡纱,纺成鞋子的上部,而回收塑料则用于其他部件。分析句子,句中are为谓语动词,设空处应该是用非谓语动词,此处表示目的作状语。故填t create。
69.考查名词。句意:同上。分析句子,设空处应该填写名词作宾语。cmpnent意为“元素,部件”,由ther修饰应用复数形式。故填cmpnents。
70.考查代词。句意:虽然这双鞋在亚马逊上的价格很贵,高达119美元,但它提供免费送货、一年的防水技术保修,以及30天的退款保证。分析句子,设空中缺少主语,指代前文的Amazn。故填it。
4.(2022·浙江杭州·高一期中)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Frm 8 a.m t 10 a.m each mrning, dzens f lw-incme families and cleaners in the Tangqia neighbrhd wuld line up in frnt f a fd bank _____71_____(cllect) free vegetables and fruits.
The fd bank, _____72_____ (create) by Shanghai Oasis Eclgical Cnservatin and Cmmunicatin Center in 2014, is the first f its kind in the cuntry. The fd bank cllects dnated prducts—____73____ (usual) fd items clse t their “best befre” dates frm supermarkets, prducers r restaurants. After cllecting enugh fd, the bank dnates it _____74_____ the needy. Accrding t the Oasis, the _____75_____ (establish) f such fd banks is aimed nt nly at saving fd that therwise wuld be wasted, _____76_____ at helping lw-incme peple and prtecting the envirnment.
Oasis has seen its fd bank netwrk extended (扩大……的范围) t at least 11 prvincial-level _____77_____ (regin), including Beijing, Sichuan Prvince, the Xinjiang Uygur Regin and Lianing Prvince. Oasis said that 580 tns f fd wrth mre than 31 millin _____78_____ (save) by the end f 2019. The fd, _____79_____ was prduced by 202 fd cmpanies, was distributed (分发) t 760,000 individuals.
It was nt until recently when the cuntry started a natinwide campaign (活动) t avid ______80______ (necessary) fd wastage that such banks have becme better knwn.
答案:
t cllect
72.created
73.usually
74.t
75.establishment
76.but
77.regins
78.had been saved
79.which
80.unnecessary
【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了上海绿洲生态保护与交流中心创建食物银行的目的、作用及其发展。
71.考查不定式。句意:每天早上8点到10点,塘桥社区的几十个低收入家庭和清洁工会在一家食品银行前排队领取免费蔬菜和水果。此处表目的,应该用不定式作目的状语,故填t cllect。
72.考查过去分词。句意:2014年,由上海绿洲生态保护与交流中心创建的食物银行是国内首家此类银行。此处使用非谓语动词作后置定语,The fd bank与create之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,用过去分词表被动,故填created。
73.考查副词。句意:食物银行从超市、生产商或餐馆收集捐赠的食品,通常是最接近保质期的食品。此处缺少频度副词作状语,故填usually。
74.考查介词。句意:在收集到足够的食物后,食物银行将其捐赠给穷人。dnate sth. t sb.将某物捐赠给某人,故填t。
75.考查名词。句意:根据上海绿洲生态保护与交流中心的说法,建立这样的食物银行不仅是为了节省本来会被浪费的粮食,也是为了帮助低收入人群和保护环境。此处缺少名词作主语,表抽象意义,不可数,故填establishment。
76.考查连词。句意:根据上海绿洲生态保护与交流中心的说法,建立这样的食物银行不仅是为了节省本来会被浪费的粮食,也是为了帮助低收入人群和保护环境。nt nly…but (als),不但……而且……,故填but。
77.考查名词的数。句意:上海绿洲生态保护与交流中心的食物银行网络已经扩展到至少11个省级地区,包括北京、四川、新疆维吾尔族自治区和辽宁省。数字11后接可数名词复数,故填regins。
78.考查时态语态。句意:上海绿洲生态保护与交流中心表示,截至2019年底,已节约580吨粮食,价值超过3100万美元。时间状语“by the end f 2019”表明用过去完成时,且580 tns f fd与save之间是被动关系,用过去完成时的被动语态,故填had been saved。
79.考查定语从句。句意:这些由202家食品企业生产的食物被分发给了76万人。此处为非限定性定语从句,关系词指代先行词fd并在从句中作主语,指物,用关系代词which,故填which。
80.考查形容词。句意:直到最近,当我国开始在全国范围内开展一项避免不必要的食物浪费的运动时,这些食物银行才变得更加出名。根据“fd wastage”可知此处表示“不必要的”,形容词unnecessary作定语,故填unnecessary。
5.(2022·广西·柳州一中模拟预测)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games pening ceremny kicked ff at the Natinal Stadium in Beijing n February 4th. Audiences frm arund the wrld reacted t the pening ceremny, ____11____ (share) n scial media their excitement and cheering n the unprecedented sights.
Li Min and Sng Chen, graphic editrs frm China Daily Times’ Palette Studi, ____12____ (take) part in the design f a recurring mtif (图形) f the pening ceremny—snwflakes.
The ____13____ (athlete) were led int the arena by placard (标语牌) carriers in tiger-head hats. Each placard was designed ____14____ (lk) like a glwing snwflake. The illuminated snwflake was a recurring symbl ____15____ (inspire) by a Li Bai pem.
Accrding t Li Min, the six pints f each smaller snwflake were shaped like Chinese knts, ____16____ (traditin) decrative artwrks, with a symbl f harmny and beauty. After the Parade f Natins, thse snwflakes were cnnected tgether int a larger flake ____17____ frmed the Olympic cauldrn. ____18____ larger sculpture featured live branches in a symbl f peace.
Frm shwcasing the glrius Chinese civilizatin in 2008 ____19____ snwflakes lighting up the wrld at the 2022 Winter Games pening ceremny, China has _____20_____ (clear) demnstrated the ideal f a shared future, and the Olympic spirit, which requires mutual understanding with a spirit f friendship, slidarity and fair play.
答案:
sharing
12.tk
13.athletes
14.t lk
15.inspired
16.traditinal
17.that ## which
18.The
19.t
20.clearly
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了2022北京冬奥会开幕式上“雪花”的设计及其内涵,展现出了中国的文化自信。
11.考查非谓语动词。句意:来自世界各地的观众对开幕式做出了反应,在社交媒体上分享了他们对这一前所未有的景象的兴奋和欢呼。分析句子结构可知,空处应填非谓语动词的形式,作状语,audiences与share之间是主动关系,应用现在分词形式表主动。故填sharing。
12.考查动词时态。句意:《中国日报》调色板工作室的平面编辑李敏和宋晨参与了开幕式上反复出现的主题——雪花的设计。根据句意及文章时态,李旻和宋晨参与了“雪花”的设计这一动作发生在过去,应用一般过去式。故填tk。
13.考查名词单复数。句意:运动员们由戴着虎头帽的布告员领进竞技场。athlete是可数名词,且根据后文were,应用复数形式athletes。故填athletes。
14.考查非谓语动词。句意:每张标语牌都设计得像一片发光的雪花。be designed t d sth,意为“被设计用于做”,固定搭配,此处表示每一个标语牌都被设计得像雪花的样式。故填t lk。
15.考查非谓语动词。句意:被照亮的雪花是一个反复出现的灵感来自于李白的一首诗的标志。分析句子结构可知,可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式,作后置定语,修饰名词,symbl和inspire之间是被动关系,应用过去分词表被动。故填inspired。
16.考查形容词。句意:据李敏介绍,每片较小的有六个点的雪花,形状像中国结,这是传统的装饰艺术品,象征着和谐与美丽。结合句意可知,空处修饰名词artwrks,应用形容词。故填traditinal。
17.考查定语从句。句意:在世界阅兵式之后,这些雪花连接在一起,形成了一个更大的形状是奥运会主火炬的雪花。此处为定语从句,修饰先行词flake,从句缺少主语,需用关系代词引导,先行词为物,应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
18.考查冠词。句意:更大的雕塑以象征和平的橄榄枝为特色。结合句意,此处特指上文提到的a larger flake,空处位于句首,首字母需大写。故填The。
19.考查介词。句意:从2008年展示灿烂的中华文明,到2022年冬奥会开幕式点亮世界的雪花,中国明确展示了人类命运共同体的理想,以及友谊、团结、公平竞争的相互理解的奥林匹克精神。结合句意,此处表示“从……到……”,应用短语。故填t。
20.考查副词。句意:从2008年展示灿烂的中华文明,到2022年冬奥会开幕式点亮世界的雪花,中国明确展示了人类命运共同体的理想,以及友谊、团结、公平竞争的相互理解的奥林匹克精神。结合句意,空处修饰动词demnstrated,应用副词。故填clearly。
6.(2022·山西阳泉·模拟预测)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sweet Art—Sugar Painting
In and arund China’s suthwestern Sichuan Prvince, ne can ften find flk artists prducing sugar paintings with liquid sugar alng the streets and in the parks.
Accrding t sme academic studies, sugar painting riginated frm the Ming Dynasty when sugar animals and figures ____21____ (make) in mulds (模具) as part f a sacrifice in religius ceremnies. In the Qing Dynasty, sugar painting gained mre ____22____ (ppular). The prductin techniques were upgraded and the patterns became mre varius, mst f ____23____ std fr gd luck such as the fish, dragn and mnkey. Afterward, the flk artists in Sichuan ____24____ (develp) this art by adding techniques f the Chinese shadw puppet and Chinese paper cutting. The mulds were als replaced ____25____ a small brnze spn. As time passed by, the cntemprary frm f sugar painting has ____26____ (gradual) evlved.
Althugh the number f sugar painters has decreased, due t its unique charm, a certain number f artists are making effrts ____27____ (preserve) it by ffering classes, hlding relevant ____28____ (activity) such as sugar painting cntests and applying fr the Natinal Nnmaterial Cultural Heritage.
Nwadays, this art is getting supprt again frm the general public ____29____ it has already been listed as Prvincial NnMaterial Culture Heritage by the Sichuan Prvincial Gvernment. Mrever, the sugar painting artists have gained____30____ (increase) recgnitin.
答案:
were made
22.ppularity
23.which
24.develped
25.with##by
26.gradually
27.t preserve
28.activities
29.and
30.increasing
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国优秀传统文化——糖画。糖画起源于明朝,经过历代手艺人的努力,糖画现已被列为四川省非物质文化遗产。更重要的是,糖画艺术家得到了更多的认可。
21.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:根据一些学术研究,糖画起源于明代,当时糖动物和人物被制成模具,作为宗教仪式祭祀的一部分。分析句子结构可知,when引导定语从句,关系副词when指代先行词the Ming Dynasty,在从句中作时间状语,从句应用一般过去时,且主语sugar animals and figures和动词make之间为被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态;主语animals and figures为复数,所以be动词用were。故填were made。
22.考查名词。句意:在清朝,糖画更受欢迎。分析句子结构可知,该空作gained的宾语,应用名词ppularity,不可数名词。故填ppularity。
23.考查定语从句。句意:制作工艺不断升级,图案也更加丰富多彩,多代表吉祥,如鱼、龙、猴等。分析句子结构可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为表示物的名词patterns,关系词在从句中作mst f的宾语,应用关系代词which。故填which。
24.考查时态。句意:后来,四川的民间艺人通过添加中国皮影和中国剪纸的技术发展了这门艺术。分析句子结构可知,develp在句中作谓语动词。结合Afterward可知,讲述过去发生的事,句子应用一般过去时;主语和谓语动词之间是主动关系。故填develped。
25.考查介词。句意:模具也被一个小青铜勺子取代。固定搭配be replaced with/by sth.“被某物替代”。故填with/by。
26.考查副词。句意:随着时间的推移,糖画的当代形式逐渐演变。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰谓语evlved,应用副词形式作状语。故填gradually。
27.考查动词不定式。句意:虽然由于其独特的魅力,糖画画家的数量有所减少,但也有不少画家通过开设课程、举办糖画大赛、申请国家非物质文化遗产等活动,努力保护糖画。固定搭配make effrts t d sth.“努力做某事”。故填t preserve。
28.考查名词复数。句意:虽然由于其独特的魅力,糖画画家的数量有所减少,但也有不少画家通过开设课程、举办糖画大赛、申请国家非物质文化遗产等活动,努力保护糖画。activity活动,是可数名词,根据空后列举的活动可知,活动不止一个,应用名词复数形式。故填activities。
29.考查连词。句意:如今,这门艺术又得到了公众的支持,它已经被四川省人民政府列为省级非物质文化遗产。分析句子结构可知,前后句之间是并列关系。故填and。
30.考查形容词。句意:此外,糖画艺术家也得到了越来越多的认可。分析句子结构可知,此处修饰后面的名词recgnitin,需要用到形容词作定语,形容词increasing越来越多的。故填increasing。
7.阅读下面材料,
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Easy Ways t Build Vcabulary
It's nt all that hard t build an advanced and large vcabulary. Like many things in life, it's 1. nging prcess, and the best part f the prcess is that there's enugh rm fr imprvement, 2. means yu'll just keep getting better and better. Of curse yu have t wrk at it. Yu wuldn't think that a few 3. (mnth) f exercise in yur teens wuld be enugh 4. the rest f yur life, and that's als true fr building yur vcabulary--yu have t keep at it daily, and pretty sn yu will find that yu have an excellent vcabulary.
One f the 5. (effect) ways t build vcabulary is t read gd bks. Yu need t 6. (real) read at least ne gd bk a week, preferably a classic. This isn't as hard as it 7. (sund), and it is far better than any ther methd because yu imprve yur vcabulary while 8. (read) an interesting piece f literature. Anther nice thing is that yu learn bth new wrds and 9. (they) use uncnsciusly, meaning that yu will tend t use the wrds 10. (learn) this way in cnversatins almst autmatically.
【答案】
1. an
2. which
3. mnths
4. fr
5. mst effective
6. really
7. sunds
8. reading
9. their
10. learned
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。讲述了轻松积累词汇的几种方法。
1. 考查冠词。句意:和生活中许多事情一样,积累词汇也是一个不断发展的过程。由语境可知填“一个”,欧宁以元音音素开头, “一个”用不定冠词an表示泛指。故填an。
2. 考查定语从句关系词。句意:通过分析句子结构可知,_______means yu'll just keep getting better and better.是定语从句,空白处所填的词指代逗号前的there’s enugh rm fr imprvement,which在句中为关系代词,引导非限定性定语从句,并在句中作主语。故填which。
3. 考查名词单复数。句意:你认为青少年时期几个月的记忆锻炼不够。mnth为可数名词,且由a few可知mnth应用复数形式。故填mnths。
4. 考查介词。句意:几个月的记忆锻炼对于余生是不够的。be enugh fr sth 对······已足够。故填介词fr。
5. 考查形容词最高级。句意:读好书是扩大词汇量最有效的方法之一。此处要表达的是“最有效的方法之一”,因此填mst effective。
6. 考查词性转换。句意:你需要一周至少真正读一本书。此处应用副词修饰动词 read,因此填really。
7. 考查谓语动词。句意:这件事并不像听起来那么难。描述的是一般事实,而且主语为it,因此用sund的一般现在时第三人称单数形式。故填sunds.
8. 考查非谓语动词。句意:你在阅读一篇有趣的文学故事时增长词汇量。逻辑主语yu与动词read为主动关系,故用现在分词reading ... 作状语;也可视为状语从句while yu are reading... 的省略形式。故填reading。
9. 考查代词。句意:另一个好处是你不知不觉中学习到了新词和它们的用法。use在此处是名词,故用形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。
10. 考查非谓语动词。句意:你自然会在对话中使用这些词汇。learned / learnt作后置定语修饰wrds,表示“已学过的词”, wrds与learn是被动的关系,因此用过去分词。故填learned/learnt。
8.阅读下面材料,
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The 12th China Arts Festival will bring a series f art11. (activity) t the Chinese ecnmic and art center, Shanghai. Frm May 20 t June 2, mre than 50 shws12. (select) natinwide will be perfrmed in nineteen majr theaters in Shanghai, and a fine selectin f creative cultural prducts will13. (shw) at the Shanghai Exhibitin Center. The festival will include 14. (vary) art frms, such as pera dancing, painting-and phtgraphy.
The 2019 editin is c-rganized by the ministry f Culture and Turism and the Shanghai municipal gvernment (市改府). Since15. (it) beginning in 1987, the festival16. (change) hst cities in each editin, travelling t areas including Beijing, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Hubei ver the past three decades.
Sales f tickets have pened nline, with tickets priced frm n cst 17. 380 yuan, accrding t the rganizers. T allw a much 18. (large) number f audience t access the prgrams, the festival will als be bradcast live nline. “We will use new media t bring the shws t mre rdinary peple, 19. will let them knw mre abut the mdern develpment f Chinese arts.” said Zhu Di, head f the ministry's arts department.
This year's festival is als aimed at 20. (prmte) turism in Shanghai with arts. The lcal gvernment has released a ttal f 40 culture-themed travel rutes t guide visitrs thrugh Shanghai's well-knwn landmarks.
【答案】
11. activities
12. selected
13. be shwn
14. varius
15. its
16. has changed
17. t
18. larger
19. which
20. prmting
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在上海举办的第12届中国艺术节,包括它的举办时间、有哪些节目以及它的票价和它希望达成的目标等,同时介绍了它是有哪些部门组织的。通过文章,我们也了解到中国艺术节从1987年开始举办,过去的30年每一期都会更换一个主办城市。
11. 考查名词的数。句意:第十二届中国艺术节将在上海中国经济艺术中心举办一系列艺术活动。activity意为活动,是可数名词,由a series f修饰,故此处用其复数形式activities,故填activities。
12. 考查非谓语动词。句意:从5月20日到6月2日,全国范围内的50多场演出将在上海的19家主要剧院上演。shw此处意为节目,select意为挑选、选择,节目是被选择,shws后、will前的部分作的是定语成分,用过去分词表示被动,故填selected。
13. 考查动词时态语态。句意:上海展览中心将展出一系列优秀的文化创意产品。shw此处意为展示,是动词,prduct意为产品,文化产品是被展示,故此处用被动语态,结构为be dne,will是一般将来时中的助动词,后加动词原形,故填be shwn。
14. 考查形容词。句意:艺术节将包括各种艺术形式,如歌剧舞蹈、绘画和摄影。vary意为变化,是动词;art frms意为艺术形式,是名词,用形容词修饰名词,vary的形容词形式是varius,意为各种各样的,故填varius。
15. 考查物主代词。句意:自1987年举办以来,每一届艺术节的主办城市都发生了变化,在过去的30年里,活动足迹遍及北京、四川、江苏、浙江和湖北等地。beginning意为开始,是名词,用形容词或形容词性物主代词修饰名词,it意为它,作主语或宾语,修饰名词用形容词性物主代词形式its,故填its。
16. 考查动词时态。根据上文Since its beginning in 1987可知应用现在完成时,故填has changed。
17. 考查介词。句意:票价从免费到380元。“从到”是,故答案为t。
18. 考查形容词比较级。句意:为了让更多的观众收看节目,电影节还将在网上直播。根据句意以及上文much可知应填形容词比较级larger。
19. 考查定语从句连接词。句意:我们将利用新媒体把节目带给更多的普通人,让他们更多地了解中国艺术的现代发展。此句是非限制性定语从句,关系代词作定语从句中的主语,代指前面提到的用新媒体把展出的节目带给更多普通人,非限制性定语从句中作主语代指前面提到的事用关系代词which,故填which。
20. 考查非谓语动词。句意:今年的艺术节也旨在通过艺术促进上海旅游业的发展。prmte意为提高、促进,是动词,aim at ding...意为“目标是做某事”,at是介词,后加动词v-ing形式,故填prmting。
9.阅读下面材料,
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have yu ever seen a painting destry 21. (it)? This strange event happened during a recent auctin (拍卖) in Lndn.
Girl With Balln is ne f the mst well-knwn wrks f British artist Banksy. It 22. (sell) fr £1.04 millin (abut 9.49 millin yuan) at the Stheby auctin huse n Oct 5. Hwever, shrtly 23. the hammer (锤子) went dwn, the painting began t slide dwn its frame (画框) and half f the painting was cut int 24. (piece)!
In fact, there 25. (be) a shredder (碎纸机) in the frame. Mre surprisingly, the artist might have set the shredder in the frame himself years ag, Yah News reprted.
Banksy is knwn 26. being mysterius and unpredictable. N ne knws his real name, 27. his paintings are everywhere acrss the UK. He always plays haxes (恶作剧) n the art wrld.
Peple believe this is just anther example f Banksy 28. (play) a trick. They think he is against the cmmercializatin (商品化) f art.
Hwever, the 29. (fun) part is that this hax might have made the painting mre valuable. “(The price is) pssibly as high as being wrth £2 millin (abut 18.2 millin yuan) plus,” Jey Syer, 30. (fund) f art website MyArtBrker.cm, tld the Guardian.
【答案】
21. itself
22. was sld
23. after
24. pieces
25. was
26. fr
27. but
28. playing
29. funny
30. funder
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。通过英国艺术家Banksy的画自毁的例子说明了他以神秘莫测而闻名,正是因为如此他的画有很高的价值。
21. 考查代词。句意:你见过一幅画自我毁灭吗?分析句子结构可知,destry后缺少宾语,故此处应该填代词,再结合语境可知,此处指“画毁掉自己”,又因destry的逻辑主语是a painting,故此处应用反身代词,故填itself。
22. 考查被动语态。句意:10月5日,这幅画在苏富比拍卖行以104万英镑(约合949万元人民币)的价格售出。分析句子结构可知,空处填谓语动词,根据句中n Oct5可知时态应用一般过去时,又因it和sell之间是被动关系,故此处要用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was sld。
23. 考查时间状语从句连词。句意:然而,锤子落下后不久之后,这幅画开始从画框上滑下来,一半的画被切成了碎片!分析句子结构可知,空处填从属连词,再根据句意可知,shrtly after意为“不久以后”,故填after。
24. 考查名词复数。根据句意可知,cut int pieces是固定搭配,意为“切成碎片”,符合句意,故填pieces。
25. 考查主谓一致。句意:事实上,画框里有一个碎纸机。分析句子结构可知,此句是there be句型,be动词的数取决于be动词后的名词的数,a shredder是单数可数名词,故be动词是单数形式,再结合语境可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填was。
26. 考查固定搭配。句意:Banksy以神秘莫测而闻名。根据句意可知,be knwn fr是固定搭配,意为“因……而著名”,符合句意,故填fr。
27. 考查并列连词。句意:没有人知道他的真名,但他的画在英国各地都有。分析句子结构可知,空处填连词,再根据句意可知,两个分句是转折关系,故填but。
28. 考查非谓语动词。句意:人们认为这只是Banksy耍花招的又一个例子。分析句子结构可知,空处填非谓语动词,又因play和逻辑主语之间是主动关系,且此处填动词-ing形式,故填playing。
29. 考查形容词。句意:然而,有趣的是,这个骗局可能使这幅画更有价值。分析句子结构可知,空处填形容词。再根据句意可知,funny意为“有趣的”,符合题意,故填funny。
30. 考查名词。句意:艺术网站MyArtBrker.cm的创始人乔伊·西尔在接受《卫报》采访时表示。分析句子结构可知,空处填名词,与空后的内容作Jey Syer的同位语,再结合句意可知,funder意为“创始人”,符合句意,故填funder。
10.阅读下面材料,
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The walls f failure surrunded me. My teacher’s eyes stared at my every mve. My mm’s blank expressin shwed31. (disappint). “He is nt giving his full ptential,” I heard my teacher say. I gazed dwn, afraid, ashamed, and32. (determine). My determinatin was nt t put my best effrt t imprve but t give up.
My native language is Spanish.33. hard I tried, English wuld nt take rt in my brain. I tried hurs n end 34. (imprve) my grammar, prnunciatin,and vcabulary. After the parent-teacher cnference, my mther35. (tell) that I was ttally lacking interest. I spent that whle afternn listening t my mther tell me36. I shuld try. “Yu can never achieve what yu d nt try, she tld me. The simple statement stuck deeply37. my nine-year-ld mind.
The next day, I fund myself learning English wrds I never knew. A simple change in attitude made me successfully learn thse wrds. My teacher’s welcming smile, patience, and bright attitude, in additin t my desire t learn, were enugh t make38. difference. Within days, I fund 39. (I) having cmplete cnversatins in English and even40. (use) idims crrectly. My mther’s wrds helped me t learn that success in life requires desire.
【答案】
31. disappintment
32. determined
33. Hwever
34. t imprve
35. was tld
36. why
37. in
38. a
39. myself
40. using
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者英语水平很差,不愿再努力,但妈妈告诉作者“不去尝试永远做不到”,这让作者态度开始转变,经过努力,英语终于取得了很大的进步。
31. 考查形容词。句意:我妈妈茫然的表情很失望。此处形容母亲的心情,应该用disappinted形容人。故填disappinted。
32. 考查形容词。句意:我向下凝视,害怕,羞愧,坚定。结合前面afraid, ashamed的形式可知,此处应该用形容词determined修饰我的心情。故填determined。
33. 考查副词。句意:不管我怎么努力,英语都不会在我脑子里扎根。此处用hwever修饰hard,表示“无论多么努力”放于句首,首字母大写。故填Hwever。
34. 考查非谓语动词。句意:我试过几个小时来提高我的语法,发音和词汇。此处是目的状语,应该用不定式,故填t imprve。
35. 考查动词时态。句意:在家长会之后,我妈妈被告知我完全没有兴趣。结合语境可知,my mther与tell之间是被动关系,结合时态,应该用一般过去时态。故填was tld。
36. 考查副词。句意:我花了整个下午听妈妈告诉我为什么我应该试试。分析句子可知,此处用why引导宾语从句,表示为什么我应该尝试。故填why。
37. 考查介词。句意:这个简单的说法深深地刺入了我的记忆。stick in刺入,是固定短语。故填in。
38. 考查固定搭配。句意:老师的热情的微笑,耐心,开朗的态度,还有我对学习的渴望,都足够起作用。make a difference起作用,有影响,是固定搭配。故填a。
39. 考查代词。句意:几天后,我发现自己能用英语进行了完整的对话,甚至正确地使用了成语。主语和宾语一致时,宾语应该用相应的反身代词,故填myself。
40. 考查非谓语动词。句意:几天后,我发现自己用英语进行了完整的对话,甚至正确地使用了成语。and连接having和using,前后形式一致。故填using。
用法
连词
表并列、递进或顺承关系
and,bth... and...,neither... nr...,nt nly... but als... ,as well as
表转折关系
but(不可与althugh/thugh连用), yet
表选择关系
either... r... ,nt... but...,r,r else,rather than
表因果关系
fr(表“由于”,一般不放在句首),s
and与r用
于并列句
祈使句+and+陈述句,and表顺承
祈使句+r+陈述句,r表转折
while表对比
强调对比关系,意为“然而;而”
状语从句类型
常见连接词
时间状语从句
when, while, as, befre, after, since, till, until, immediately, as sn as, every time
地点状语从句
where, wherever
让步状语从句
thugh/althugh, even if/even thugh, while, “疑问词-ever”, “n matter+疑问词”
条件状语从句
if, nce, unless, in case, as/s lng as, n cnditin that
原因状语从句
because, as, since, nw that, seeing that, in that, cnsidering that, fr the reasn that
结果状语从句
s that, s/such... that
目的状语从句
s that, in rder that, fr fear (that), in case
比较状语从句
than, as... as, nt s... as
方式状语从句
as, as if/as thugh
关联词或短语
意义
例句
when,while,as
当……的时候
He jumped up when the phne rang.
We listened while the teacher read.
The phne rang just as I was leaving.
(as强调主、从句动作同时或几乎同时发生;while从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词,不能是非延续性动词)
till,until
直到
Jane cmpleted her last nvel Persuasin in 1816,but it was nt published until after her death.(until要与延续性动词连用; 要与非延续性动词连用)
since
自从
It is tw years since he jined the army.他参军两年了。
It is tw years since he smked.他戒烟两年了。
(其后所用动词不同,该动词所表示动作持续时间的计算方法也不同)
the mment,the minute,the instant,the secnd;n ;;as sn as;directly,
immediately,nce
一……
就……
Tell him the news as sn as yu see him.
I recgnized her the mment (that) I saw her.
I want t see him the minute (that) he arrives.
I went hme directly I had finished wrk.
Once he arrives,we can start.
关联短语或结构
意义
例句
s that
结果
He didn’t plan his time well,s that he didn’t finish his wrk in time.
s+形容词/副词+that从句
如此……
以至于
……
Xia Ming is s clever that all his teachers like him.
s+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句
It is s beautiful a scenery that many peple lk lst in it.
s+ many/much/little/few+名词+that从句
There was s little water in the jar that it was nt enugh fr all f us.
such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句
We left in such a hurry that we frgt t lck the dr.
such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句
They are such interesting bks that I want t read them nce mre.
关联词或短语
意义
例句
thugh,althugh
虽然
Althugh/Thugh small,the cmpany has abut 1,000 buyers in ver 30 cuntries.(althugh和thugh用正常语序,可和yet连用,但不可和but连用)
as
虽然
Hard as/thugh he wrks,he makes little prgress.=Thugh he wrks hard,he makes little prgress.
(在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式,可被thugh替换)
even if,even thugh
即使
Even thugh/if yu say s,I d nt believe it.
n matter what,whatever,n matter wh,whever,n matter which,whichever,n matter hw,hwever,n matter when,whenever
无论……
Whever breaks laws will be punished.=N matter wh breaks laws,he/she will be punished.
(“疑问词+ever”=“n matter +疑问词”,“疑问词+ever”也可以引导名词性从句)
while
尽管,虽然
While he lves his students,he is very strict with them.
(一般位于句首,用于句中时,译为“然而”,表对照对比关系)
nt
无论(是否)
Whether yu believe it r nt,it is true.
种类
倒装条件
例句
完全
倒装
here,there,up,dwn,in,ut,ff,away等副词开头的句子表示强调
Out rushed the children.
表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首
Under the tree std tw tables and fur chairs.
强调表语,置于句首,或为保持句子平衡
Present at the meeting were 1,000 students.
种类
倒装条件
例句
部分
倒装
never,hardly,scarcely,seldm,little,nt until,nt等表示否定意义的副词放于句首
Hardly did I knw what had happened.
nly和修饰的状语放于句首
Only then did he realize the imprtance f English.
nt als...连接并列的句子,前倒后不倒
Nt nly des he knw French,but als he is expert at it.
连接并列的句子,前后都倒装
Neither d I knw it,nr d I care abut it.
,中的s或such及被修饰的成分放于句首时,主谓要倒装
S busy is he that he cannt g n a hliday.
as引导的让步状语
Child as he is,he has learned a lt.
s,neither或nr表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事
He can play the pian.S can I.
用于表示祝愿的祈使句中
May yu be in gd health!
省略if的虚拟条件
Were I yu,I wuld nt d it in this way.
强调句的基本构成为:It is/was+被强调部分+wh/that+其他成分。被强调部分指人时,可用wh或that;被强调部分指物时,用that
It was Jhn wh (that) wre his best suit t the dance last night.
It was his best suit that Jhn wre t the dance last night.
疑问句形式为 “Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/wh+其他成分”或“特殊疑问词+is/was it+that/wh+其他成分”
Was it in high schl that yu began playing basketball?
Where was it that yu put yur mbile phne after cming back?
结构中的状语成分在强调句型中被强调时,nt与until要放在一起
It was nt until he remved his sunglasses that I recgnized him.
当陈述部分带有宾语从句时,反意疑问部分的主语与谓语常和主句保持一致
He said that they wuld cme t my birthday party,didn’t he?
当陈述部分主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppse,guess,expect,imagine,且主句主语为第一人称时,反意疑问部分的主语和谓语与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致;当陈述部分主句的主语为第二、三人称时,反意疑问部分的主语和谓语与主句的主语和谓语保持一致
I expect ur English teacher will be back this weekend,wn’t he/she?
They dn’t believe he will succeed,d they?
陈述部分带有seldm,hardly,scarcely,never,few,little,nthing,nbdy等否定词时,反意疑问部分用肯定形式
He culd hardly speak English,culd he?
带有表示否定意义的前缀构成的词时,其反意疑问部分用否定形式
He dislikes playing the pian,desn’t he?
What a(n)+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语!
What an interesting stry it is!
What a happy day it is!
What+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语!
What beautiful butterflies they are!
Hw+形容词+a(n)+单数名词+主语+谓语!
Hw tall a by he is!
Hw+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!
Hw well she plays!
新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题05 高频语法之定语从句、名词性从句与语法填空(2份打包,原卷版+解析版): 这是一份新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题05 高频语法之定语从句、名词性从句与语法填空(2份打包,原卷版+解析版),文件包含新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题05高频语法之定语从句名词性从句与语法填空原卷版doc、新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题05高频语法之定语从句名词性从句与语法填空解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共53页, 欢迎下载使用。
新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题04 高频语法之非谓语动词与语法填空(2份打包,原卷版+解析版): 这是一份新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题04 高频语法之非谓语动词与语法填空(2份打包,原卷版+解析版),文件包含新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题04高频语法之非谓语动词与语法填空原卷版doc、新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题04高频语法之非谓语动词与语法填空解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共57页, 欢迎下载使用。
新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题03 高频语法之动词的时态、语态与语法填空(2份打包,原卷版+解析版): 这是一份新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题03 高频语法之动词的时态、语态与语法填空(2份打包,原卷版+解析版),文件包含新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题03高频语法之动词的时态语态与语法填空原卷版doc、新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题03高频语法之动词的时态语态与语法填空解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共54页, 欢迎下载使用。