新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题03 高频语法之动词的时态、语态与语法填空（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）

这是一份新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题03 高频语法之动词的时态、语态与语法填空（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题03高频语法之动词的时态语态与语法填空原卷版doc、新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题03高频语法之动词的时态语态与语法填空解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共54页， 欢迎下载使用。

一、谓语动词
1. 思维导图
2. 高考真题再现
一、2022年高考真题
1.（2022新高考I卷）
The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that __________ (be)previusly unprtected,
2.（2022新高考I卷）
After a three-year pilt perid, the GPNP will be fficially set up next year. The GPNP __________ (design)t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)f natural ecsystems, preserving bilgical diversity, prtecting eclgical buffer znes, and leaving behind precius natural assets(资产)fr future generatins”.
3（2022年浙江卷1月）
But Cbb and thers ________ （be） nw questining that idea pushing cnferences t prvide mre chances t participate remtely, and ________（change） their persnal behavir t d their part in dealing with the climate change crisis.
二、2021年高考真题
1.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）
What cmes next is the endless series f steps. Yu can't help wndering hw hard it 6 (be) fr the peple then t put all thse rcks int place.
2.（2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空）
After Lincln was elected President f the US in 1861, they rented the huse and 10 (sell) mst f their furniture.
3.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）
It 1 (build) riginally t prtect the city in the Tang dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred（修复）.
4.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）
We 6 (hire) ur bikes frm the rental place at the Suth Gate.
5.（2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空）
It desn't impress like Gerge Washingtn's plantatin n the Phmac, but Lincln's hme in dwntwn Springfield, Illinis, 1 (prve) irresistible t visitrs since it pened t the publie.
6.（2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空）
Mary's niece wrte, pretty, "The little hme 5 (paint) white.
7.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空）
It is calculated by dividing a persn’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI f between 19 and 25 4 (cnsider) healthy.
8.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空）
In cities, hwever, the gain 6 (be) 1.3 in wmen and 1.6 in men.
三、2020年高考真题
1.（2020·新课标 = 1 \* ROMAN I卷语法填空）The unmanned Chang’e-4 prbe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese mn gddess 61． (tuch) dwn last week in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.
2.（2020·新课标 = 1 \* ROMAN I卷语法填空）＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brwn University, says, ＂because it 67． (mean) we have the chance t btain infrmatin abut hw the mn 68． (cnstruct) .＂
3．（2020·新课标 = 3 \* ROMAN III卷语法填空）The artist was sure he wuld 63．(chse), but when he presented his masterpiece t the emperr’s chief minister, the ld nan laughed.
4.（2020·山东卷语法填空）The parts f a museum pen t the public 40． (call) galleries r rms.
5．（2020·新课标 = 3 \* ROMAN III卷语法填空） 65（When/As） he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66． (pint) dwn the river.
6.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）And，as mre children were brn，mre fd 59．(need).
7.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）By abut 6000 BC，peple 61． (discver)the best crps t grw and animals t raise.
8.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）New methds 65． (mean)that fewer peple wrked in farming.
9.（2020·山东卷语法填空）The 80,000 bjects cllected by Sir Hans Slane, fr example, 38． (frm) the cre cllectin f the British Museum 39（which/that） pened in 1759.
四、2019年高考真题
1.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】I dn't see any reasn t give up wrk. I lve cming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) ver the years
2.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】Our hsts shared many f their experiences and___65___(recmmend)wnderful places t eat，shp，and visit. Fr breakfast，we were able t eat papaya(木瓜)and ther fruits frm their trees in the backyard.
3.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】On the last day f ur week-lng stay，we ___69___(invite)t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars
4.【2019·新课标I卷·语法填空】 Of the nineteen recgnized plar bear subppulatins, three are declining, six ___70___ (be) stable, ne is increasing, and nine lack enugh data.
5.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，prud Irene ___64___(declare) she had n plans __t retire__ (retire) frm her 36-year-ld business.
五、2018年高考真题
1.【2018·新课标卷I·语法填空】While running regularly can’t make yu live frever, the review says it 64 (be) mre effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling r swimming.
2.【2018·新课标卷II·语法填空】Diets have changed in China — and s t has its tp crp. Since 2011,the cuntry ___61___（grw）mre crn than rice.
3.【2018·新课标卷II·语法填空】The Chinese Ministry f Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the gvernment ___68___ (start) a sil-testing prgram that/which gives specific fertilizer recmmendatins t farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use drpped by 7.7 millin tns.
由于时间是2005年，故用过去时。故填started。
4.【2018·新课标卷II·语法填空】True t a grilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal ____69____(mean)me n real harm.
3. 考试技巧
语法填空解题策略
1. 看到空格处修饰的是名词, 要想到用形容词。
2. 看到空格处修饰的是动词、形容词、副词或整个句子, 要想到用副词。
3. 看到与than连用, 要想到用形容词或副词的比较级。
4. 看到and, r, but等并列连词前或后用的比较级, 要想到用比较级。
5. 看到语境中暗含比较含义, 要想到用比较级(二者之间)或最高级(三者及以上)。
4. 知识点拓展
1：考点梳理
常见的十种动词时态，尤其是对一般过去时和现在完成时的考查；
2. 被动语态。
考点1 基本用法
1. 常见的十种动词时态有：一般现在时、现在完成时、现在进行时、现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、过去将来时、一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时。
2. 动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能用于被动语态。
Peple speak English all ver the wrld. (主动语态)
English is spken all ver the wrld. (被动语态)
考点2 常考时态的用法
1. 一般现在时
(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
Tm ften ges t schl by bike.
(2)表示自然现象、客观事实或普遍真理。
Spring fllws winter.
(3)表示现有的性质、能力或状态。
The flwers lk beautiful.
(4)表示按计划安排好了将要发生的动作，这种情况仅限于少数有“开始”或“移动”意义的词，例如cme, g, leave, start, arrive, begin, meet, fall, clse, pen, end, stp, return, take ff等。
The party begins at 7 ’clck.
(5)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。
I’ll write yu a letter as sn as I get there.
If I have enugh time, I’ll travel arund the wrld.
Wherever yu g, yu will see the same thing.
2. 现在进行时
(1)表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
Are yu wrking hard this term?
The car is being repaired.
(2)cme, g, leave, d, send, take ff, sail, arrive, return等表示方位移动的短暂性动词常用进行时表将来。
We are ging hiking this Sunday.
(3)与always, ften, all the time, cnstantly, cntinuusly, frever等连用表示频繁反复发生的动作或状态，常含有批评、抱怨、不满或赞扬等感情色彩，但并非强调动作正在进行。
He is always getting angry with me.
3. 现在完成时
(1)表示过去的动作现已结束，但对现在产生影响，常带有already, just, ever, never等副词。
He has already btained a schlarship.
(2)表示动作或状态从过去开始，一直持续到现在。此时，通常用延续性动词，并常与表示一段时间的状语连用，例如fr ten minutes, since 1980, in recent years, s far。
The film has been n fr half an hur.
(3)表示到目前为止的一段时间内，第……次做某事。
It’s the third time that I’ve seen the film.
4. 现在完成进行时
(1)发生在过去的动作或状态，持续到现在或将继续下去，可以译成“一直”。现在完成时侧重持续或影响到现在，不强调将来的延续。
I have been cleaning the huse all the afternn.
(2)到目前为止，多次重复发生的动作或状态。
I have been telephning him several times this mrning.
5. 一般将来时
(1)表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
The ftball game will begin sn.
(2)表示事物固有的属性或必然趋势。
Fish will die withut water.
(3)表示临时的决定。
— We dn’t have any milk in ur fridge.
— I’ll g and buy sme.
(4)其他表示将来的结构
① be ging t d表示主观打算或有迹象将要发生某事。
I’m ging t have my hair cut after wrk.
Lk at the cluds in the sky. It is ging t rain.
② be＋t d表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作，还可表示命令或注定要发生的事。
There is t be an English exam next Mnday.
Father warned his sn，“Yu are t be back by ten.”
The wrst is still t cme.
③ be abut t d表示正要去做某事，但不与表将来的时间状语连用。
I am abut t g shpping.
注意：if条件句中一般不用将来时，如果使用will，其意义为“愿意”。
If yu will give her anther chance, she will surprise yu.
6. 过去将来时
表示对过去某一时刻而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
He said he wuld cme t ur schl.
7. 一般过去时
(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。
I bught a new bike last week.
(2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
He ften watched TV at night.
8. 过去进行时
(1)表示过去某段时间里或某一时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
I was playing cmputer games when my parents came hme.
He slipped ut f the classrm when the teacher was nt nticing him.
(2)表示过去频繁发生的动作或习惯，常与always等副词连用。
Mrs. Black was always having dinner with her ld parents.
9. 过去完成时
(1)表示过去某时间或某动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”。
I had read the reprt by last weekend.
When I came back, he had eaten all the sweets.
(2)在hardly/scarcely... when, n sner... than, It was the first/secnd... time (that)... 等句型中。
We had hardly/scarcely left the huse when it began t rain.
N sner had we left the huse than it began t rain.
It was the third time he had been ut f wrk that year.
(3)表希望、想法、打算、意图的动词用过去完成时，表示未曾实现的愿望，意为“本打算……，本希望……”。这类动词有mean, intend, expect, hpe, want, plan, think, suppse等。
They had wanted t help but culd nt get there in time.
考点3 几组时态的区别
考点4 固定结构中的时态
考点5 八种时态的标志词
考点6 主动语态表示被动意义
模拟演练
（2022·山西省长治市第二中学校模拟预测）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Our cat is dead. My daughter, ____21____ is just tw years ld, knws this. But she keeps asking where it’s gne and what has happened t it.
My parents ____22____(be) straightfrward m admitting they didn’t knw what happened after ur death when I asked them in my childhd. But I want t give my daughter a slightly ____23____(gd) answer t her questin abut the tpic than ____24____(they).
One day when she asked the same questin, I tld my daughter that the cat was ut in the field, I tld her that when animals, including peple, died, they were usually put int the grund and that their bdies became ____25____(variety) pretty flwers, grasses and trees. I passed my hand ver her blnde hair, gently tuched her rsy cheeks and checked her ____26____(react). She didn’t appear ____27____(truble). Instead, she seemed excited by the thught f ne day becming a flwer.
Then, I reached ____28____ my daughter’s hand and asked her ____29____(take) a walk in the field. Tgether, we saw new leaves grwing in the sun and pretty flwers waving in the gentle wind. Suddenly, I realized that althugh we were bund t becme plant fertilizer, we were nt the lnely humans aimlessly wandering in the wrld. We were a part f the earth. We were cnnected by the beautiful plants in _____30_____ field.
（2022·江西景德镇·模拟预测）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A unique exhibitin f paintings pened at the Shanghai Mental Health Center n Thursday — all the 49 paintings are created by three hspitalized artists with schizphrenia.
With the theme f “lud hailer”, the exhibitin ffers peple with the mental disrder a chance t express themselves artistically and allws their vice ____31____(hear) by the public, fficials frm the center said. This can aruse ____32____(aware) and prmte better understanding and supprt fr peple with mental diseases, they added.
“Lud hailer means tw-way cmmunicatin. These paintings are created by patients ____33____ have been hspitalized fr a lng time. They live in a ____34____(relative) clsed envirnment. S we want t use this exhibitin t achieve cmmunicatin ____35____ these hspitalized artists and the audience,” said Chen Mengyuan, the curatr.
Dr Xie Bin frm the Shanghai Mental Health Center said the exhibitin als aims t remve the stigma(污名) ____36____(attach) t peple with schizphrenia.
“We hpe mre peple with mental disease will becme ____37____(schlar), artists and even great scientists like Jhn Nash thrugh medical treatment and a gd ____38____(sciety) envirnment.”
Nash was an American mathematician wh ____39____(award) the 1994 Nbel Prize fr Ecnmics and whse life as _____40_____ schizphrenia patient was described in the mvie A Beautiful Mind, based n his bk f the same name.
（2022·重庆南开中学模拟预测）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。
The 9, 000-plus vlunteers at the Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games have played ___41___vital rle in ensuring that all aspects f life fr the sprtsmen, bth n and ff the field f play, have gne ___42___(smth).
T meet the diverse needs f the para ___43___(athlete) and all participants, the vlunteers ___44___(g) thrugh a strict training prgram, which included training fr basic medical and first-aid, hw t use wheelchairs, and the ___45___(guide) n when t prvide assistance and ___46___t cmmunicate best.
Liu An’ an is ne f the vlunteers t have als served at the Beijing 2008 Summer Games. Back then, Liu was a sphmre student at university. Nw, 14 years later, she is still at university but this time she acts ___47___a lecturer, leading a team f her wn students as vlunteers at Beijing 2022.
Liu has spent ver 150 days training and ___48___(participate) in these Games. She is ___49___(respnsibility) fr the traffic permits f all srts f transprtatin vehicles, and needs t crdinate with ver 100 different departments, including venues media, transprtatin and security.
“Becming a vlunteer ____50____has served bth at the Beijing 2008 Summer Games and the Beijing 2022 Winter Games is a great hnr fr me, and I feel a strng sense f pride and respnsibility,” said Liu.
（2022·福建省龙岩第一中学一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Researchers have discvered that peple eat mre vegetables if the veggies have fancy labels. A research team frm Stanfrd University fund that sales f vegetables increased after they were given ther names -- even thugh ____51____was n difference in the way the vegetables ____52____(prepare). The researchers cnducted their research n 600 diners fr several ____53____(mnth) at the university canteen. They labelled all vegetable dishes in fur ____54____(differ) ways each day: basic, healthy restrictive, healthy psitive and indulgent放纵/任性的. The basic label just listed the vegetable name like crn. The healthy restrictive categry used wrds such ____55____reduced-sdium (钠) crn. Vitamin-rich crn was used fr the healthy psitive. And a ____56____(describe) like rich buttery rasted sweet crn was reserved fr the indulgent.
Researchers gave diners a wide chice f vegetables t see hw effective the ____57____(delicius) descriptive labels were. They fund that making the labels indulgent increased the number f peple wh chse ____58____(put) the vegetables n their plate, as well as the amunt f vegetables ____59____(cnsume). Diners chse the indulgent labeling 25 percent mre than the basic labeling, 35 percent mre than the healthy psitive labeling and 41 percent mre than the healthy restrictive ptin. A researcher said: “Labels really can influence ur sensry experience, affecting _____60_____tasty we think fd will be.”
5.（2022·上海·曹杨二中高二期中）
Directins: After reading the passages belw, fill in the blanks t make the passages cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank
The Vaccine Hunter
Marty Verel a 59-year-ld kidney transplant recipient in Ohi, shuld have been near the tp f the list t receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Yet ____81____ millins f thers, he wasn’t having any luck scheduling an appintment. Marty and his wife, Nancy Verel, wuld sit with cmputers n their laps trying fr hurs ____82____(bk) an appintment n different sites, all f____83____ were slw and cnvluted (复杂的). “I feel hpeless,” Nancy says.
Then Nancy heard abut Marla Zwinggi, a 40-year-ld mm f three frm a Cleveland suburb ____84____ was spending up t ten hurs a day nline trying t secure appintments fr vulnerable individuals. S Nancy messaged Zwinggi n Facebk: Can yu help? Twenty-five minutes later, Zwinggi respnded by asking fr Marty’s legal name, date f birth, and ther infrmatin. Nine minutes after that Zwinggi reprted back — Marty had an appintment t get the vaccine.
Zwinggi’s vaccine hunting started n February 1 when she learned that her parents were unable t get appintments ____85____. She hated that they had t wait. ____86____(click) arund n vaccine registratin sites, Zwinggi, wh has helped her husband develp websites, discvered just ____87____ difficult it was t bk an appintment. “It was like trying t get a Wrld Series ticket, ” she says.
She applied strategies that web insiders are familiar with (keeping multiple brwsers pen refreshing sites every 20 secnds, erasing ckies) and added a few f her special skills. “I’m tenacius (坚决的). I drink a lt f cffee, and I’m a fast typer,”she says. Sn enugh, Zwinggi had secured appintments fr bth f her parents. “I felt like a rck star,” she says.
Zwinggi decided that helping thers wuld be her way f giving back. “I feel bliged t will us ut f this pandemic.” she says. On February 10. she lgged n t Facebk t let peple knw that she ____88____(assist) with bkings. By March 2, she ____89____ (secure) appintments fr 400 peple —____90____ lving act that made Nancy cnclude, “Marla is sme srt f COVID angel. ”
6.（2022·江苏省如皋中学高三阶段练习）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The charity rganizatin in Ningb, East China’s Zhejiang prvince, received an envelpe____91____Mnday with a stack f mney rders wrth ver 1 millin yuan ($156,600). It is the 23rd year in a rw the____92____(mystery) dnr has sent mney rders t the federatin. After ver tw decades, the identity f a persn has remained ____93____(knw).
Accrding t Chen Yunjin, directr f the federatin, the dnr ____94____(send) a sum f mney t the federatin first in 1999 with a nte attached____95____ (read), shun qi zi ran, which means “let things take their wn curse.” Since then, the annymus dnr____96____(refer) “Shun qi zi ran” by federatin staff.
Each mney rder is wrth n mre than 10,000 yuan — ____97____ therwise has t be signed with the dnr’s real name accrding t bank rules. S far, the dnr has dnated a ttal f 13.63 millin yuan t the federatin, ____98____has all been used t help students in need r fr educatinal purpses, Chen said.
In recent years, there has been a grwing ____99____(recgnize) f the dnatin and mre and mre peple in Ningb have fllwed the steps f “Shun qi zi ran”, and____100____have altgether given mre than 50 millin yuan t the federatin.
7.阅读下面短文，
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One night, 41. winter, a bear came int the city in Vancuver Canada. It walked thrugh the city streets past huses, shps and ffices. Then it 42. (find) sme fd in bins utside a restaurant and started eating. In the mrning, smene saw the bear and called the plice. The plice came with a vet (兽医) frm the city z. They put the bear in a lrry and tk it t the muntains utside the city. 43. (lucky), the bear was safe. But 44. happens in ther cuntries when big animals cme int cities? In Vancuver it is unusual 45. (see) a bear, but in sme cities yu can see big animals n the city streets every day.
Big animals usually cme int cities t find fd. In Cape Twn in Suth Africa babns (狒狒) cme int the city when they are 46. (hunger). Human fd is very bad fr the babns 47. (tth) because it has a lt f sugar. Nw, there are Babn Mnitrs wrking in Cape Twn. 48. (they) jb is t find babns in the city and return them t the cuntryside.
In Berlin in Germany, pigs smetimes cme int the city fr fd. They eat flwers and plants in parks and gardens. Smetimes they eat vegetables frm gardens 49. they walk in the street, causing accidents. Sme peple like the pigs and they give them fd and water t drink. Other peple d nt like the pigs and they want the gvernment and the plice t stp them 50. (enter) the city.
8.阅读下面短文，
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The first blckbuster (大片) f China set in space, “The Wandering Earth,” pens Tuesday during grand expectatins 51. it will represent the dawning f a new era in Chinese filmmaking.
“The Wandering Earth,” 52. (shw) in 3-D, takes place in a distant future in which the sun is abut t expand int a red giant and devur (吞噬) the Earth. It 53. (adapt) frm wrks by Liu Cixin, the writer 54. has led a renaissance in science fictin here, 55. (becme) the first Chinese winner f the Hug Award in 2015. His nvels are splendid and 56. (deep) researched. That makes 57. (they) reasnable fantasies abut humanity’s meeting with a dangerus universe. The penings als cme as China reached a milestne in space: the landing f a prbe n 58. far side f the mn in January. Althugh decades behind Russia and the United States, China has nw put astrnauts 59. rbit and has ambitius plans t jin—r even lead—a new age f space explratin.
“I think there is a very clse 60. (cnnect) between Chinese cinema and the natin’s frtunes,” said Sha Dan, a curatr at the China Film Archive.
9.阅读下面短文，
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Be cautius f Friday the 13th！Many peple think the day is unlucky.61. （frtune）, there's nly ne Friday the 13th this year. As the legend ges，yu shuld try nt 62. （break）any mirrrs，walk under a ladder，r even spill any salt. Why？Researchers say63. is tugh t find ut hw the traditin came int being. Many believe it has 64. （religin）rigins. In the Christian faith，there were 13 guests at table fr the Last Supper，which was held the day befre the Friday65. Jesus died. Nw，Friday the 13h has becme a cultural wnder. Many Americans avid the number 13 all tgether，66. （include）htel rms and airplane seat assignments. It even csts cuples less t get married n the day. There are many ther67. （explain）behind the luckless day. Simn Brnner，a prfessr f American studies at Pennsylvania State. University，68. （believe）Friday the 13h is a way fr peple t pin their bad luck t a certain cause:. The fact shuld be69. there's nthing special abut the number itself. After all，the number 13 70. （cnsider）t be lucky in sme cuntries，like Italy
阅读下面短文，
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The 7th Internatinal Military Sprts Cuncil（CISM）Military Wrld Games（世界军运会）will take place frm Oct. 18 71. Oct. 27，2019 in Wuhan，capital city f 72. （center）China's Hubei Prvince.
The games，the tp sprts gala fr military persnnel（军人），include 329 cmpetitin events f 27 kinds and are expected 73. （attract）arund 8000 players frm mre than 100 74. （cuntry）and regins.
The games will be an internatinal event with great imprtance and far-reaching influence and it will als be 75. pprtunity fr freign military persnnel t learn mre abut China and 76. （it）military.
The event's emblem（会徽）is made up f a dve，a star，ribbns and ther elements and the masct is called Bing Bing，the design f 77. is based n the Chinese sturgen（鲟），a 78. （serius）endangered fish knwn as the "panda in water". The slgan is“Military glry，wrld peace”.
The games，which 79. （hld）in Rme in 1995 fr the first time，are a multi-sprt event 80. （rganize）every fur years by the CISM.
现在时
过去时
将来时
过去将来时
一般
ask/asks
asked
shall/will ask
shuld/wuld ask
进行
am/is/are asking
was/were asking
shall/will be asking
shuld/wuld be asking
完成
have/has asked
had asked
shall/will have asked
shuld/wuld have asked
完成
进行
have/has been asking
had been asking
shall/will have been asking
shuld/wuld have been asking
一般过去时
一般过去时只涉及一个纯过去的动作,凡有明确的过去时间的均用过去时,一般过去时强调的是动作发生在“过去”,和现在毫无关系
Were yu at schl yesterday?昨天你在学校吗?(问的是昨天的事情。但对今天没什么影响。)
现在完成时
现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果,动作到现在刚完成或还在继续
I have just finished my hmewrk.我刚刚写完作业。(看上去好像是过去才发生的事情,但是对我现在有了影响。因为写完了作业,就可以做自己想做的事情。)
过去完成时
过去完成时指的是相对于过去的某一特定时间更早发生的动作,发生在“过去的过去”,即过去完成时至少涉及两个过去的动作
When he came in,I had had my supper.他进来时,我就已经吃完晚餐了。(吃在进来之前,所以用过去完成时。)
,n “一……就……”
主句时态用过去完成时,从句时态用一般过去时
Hardly had I pened the dr when Tm came in.
This/That/It is/was the +that从句“是……次做某事”
若主句中为is,则从句时态用现在完成时;若为was,则从句时态用过去完成时
This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema tgether as a family.
It+
“要过……才”或“在……以后才”
若be动词用一般过去时,则befre 从句中常用一般过去时;若be动词用将来时,则befre 从句中常用一般现在时
I’m srry yu’ve been waiting s lng,but it’ll still be sme time befre Brian gets back.
was/were “正在做某事,这时(突然)”
在when引导的从句中,谓语动词用过去式
I was abut t leave when he came in.
I had just lcked the dr when I realised I had left my key n the kitchen table.
was/were abut t “正要做某事,这时(突然)”
had “刚做完某事,这时(突然)”
It is/has been+时间段+since
since从句用过去时。该句型表某个动作持续多久。但若since后跟延续性动词,要翻译成否定含义,即“没做某事已经多久了”
It has been three years since he wrked here.
他不在这工作已经三年了。
It has been three years since he smked.
他已经戒烟三年了。
It has been three years since he began t smke.
他吸烟有三年了。
一般现在时
ften,usually,always,smetimes,never,seldm,every week/day/year/mnth...,nce a week,n Sundays
一般过去时
ag,yesterday,the day befre yesterday,last week/year/night/mnth...,in 1989,just nw,at the age f five,ne day,ag,lng ag,nce upn a time,then(那时),n that day,the ther day(几天以前)
现在
进行时
nw,these days,at this mment/time
过去
进行时
at this time yesterday,at that time或“when+一般过去时从句”,at 1:00 last night
现在
完成时
recently,recent years,these days/years,lately,since,fr+时段(但还在延续),in the past few years,ever since,in the last/past five mnths,up t nw,since then,s far,ever,never,yet,lately,nce,twice,three/fur times...,already,befre,just
过去
完成时
befre,by the end f last year/term/mnth
一般
将来时
tmrrw,next day/week/mnth/year...,sn,in a few minutes,by...,the day after tmrrw,in the future
过去
将来时
the next day/mrning/year...,the fllwing mnth/week...
系动词+形容词
lk,sund,feel,smell,taste,prve,appear
The sup smells gd but tastes terrible.
不及物动词与状语连用,用以表示主语的品质和状态
cut,sell,read,write,fill,ck,lck,wash,drive,keep
This kind f material washes easily.
The pen writes smthly.
Meat wn’t keep lng in such ht weather.
表开始、结束、运动的动词
begin,finish,start,pen,clse,stp,end,run
The shp clses at 6 day.
有些表示“需要”的动词后加动词的-ing形式
need,require,want,be wrth
Yur hair wants cutting.
The flr requires washing.
The bk is wrth reading.
不定式在某些形容词之后,且与主语有动宾关系
hard,difficult,easy,heavy,fit,gd,cmfrtable,cnvenient,impssible
The questin is difficult t answer.
The bx is heavy t carry.
The prject is impssible t cmplete in a year.