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山东省聊城市2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末教学质量抽测英语试卷(含答案)
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这是一份山东省聊城市2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末教学质量抽测英语试卷(含答案)，共19页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解
Abut Saln
What we d
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1．What can we knw abut Saln?
A. It has a histry f ver three decades.
B. It mainly fcuses n entertainment cntent.
C. It is an utstanding digital media channel.
D. It prvides members-nly newsletters fr regular visitrs.
2．What address will be used if a third party wants t share Saln's article?
A. press@saln.cm. B. ekeane@saln.cm.
C. readermail@saln.cm. D. syndicatin@saln.cm.
3．What is the purpse f the last part f the text?
A. T intrduce Saln's recent prgress.
B. T encurage mre user subscriptins.
C. T inf rm readers f Saln's peratin.
D. T prmte a new editrial team at Saln.
Katalin Kariku alng with her clleague Drew Weissman wn the Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine in 2023 fr the develpment f mRNA technlgy.
Kariku was brn in January 1955, in a small village in Hungary. She had an ambitin frm early n t becme a scientist. As a yung adult, she became interested in messenger RNA, which carries DNA instructins t the prtein-making engine f cells. She hped that mRNA culd play a key rle in the treatment f varius diseases. It became her missin t make her dream a reality t help cure patients. Hwever, Kariku faced a shrtage f funding fr her research in her cuntry, and she then faced the chice f stpping and ding smething nt cnnected t her missin r cntinuing her research at the price f having t leave her cuntry.
After searching fr psts and schlarships wrldwide, Kariku accepted an ffer frm Temple University in Philadelphia fr a pstdctral fellwship. Kariku and her husband gave up everything they had in their hmeland and bught a ne-way ticket t the U. S., where they knew n ne.
She was initially n track t becme a full prfessr but received repeated fund rejectins. Undeterred by the prblems and challenges, she chse t cntinue her research. By fcusing n what mattered t her every day, she “accidentally” met her wrk partner Dre w Weissman wh was als interested in mRNA. They teamed up t wrk n mRNA and published papers abut their grundbreaking discvery fr years. Then the pandemic hit the wrld. The changed mRNA technlgy Kariku and Weissman invented was then used in vaccines(疫苗) that prevented the infectin effectively.
Kariku’s life is a testament(证明) t finding ne’s passin and then pursuing it every single day. Many f us knw what we are fnd f, but we are nt gd self-mtivatrs n a daily basis.
4．What can we learn abut Kariku frm paragraph 2?
A. She had a tlerant mind. B. She lnged t be a dctr.
C. She was fnd f wrld turs. D. She had a clear sense f purpse.
5．What des the underlined part “Undeterred by” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Nt discuraged by. B. Being unaware f.
C. Nt mtivated by. D. Being ashamed f.
6．What is prbably the main cntributin f Kariku?
A. Simplifying the mRNA technlgy.
B. Making the structure f mRNA clear.
C. Develping a vaccine fr a serius disease.
D. Laying the grundwrk fr mRNA vaccines.
7．What lessn can we learn frm Kariku's success?
A. Nthing seek, nthing find.
B. Tw heads are better than ne.
C. Where there's a will, there's a way.
D. Necessity is the mther f inventin.
AI systems can nw learn and use human language, but they learn frm astrnmical amunts f language input — much mre than children receive when learning hw t understand and speak a language. The best AI systems are trained n text datasets cntaining trillins f wrds, whereas children receive just millins per year.
But a recent study suggests AI systems can acquire sme language with a small set f clues. Researchers tk advantage f an existing library f camera ftage that captured ne baby's experience. The baby named Sam wre a headcam(头戴式设备) fr 61 hurs between the ages f six mnths and 25 mnths. The headcam recrded vide and audi while Sam tk part in activities including playing, eating and reading. The researchers fed their AI mdel individual vide images and a written text f what peple were saying at that time. They wndered what the mdel wuld learn and whether it culd prvide insights int the language acquisitin prcess in children.
Acrss multiple tests, the AI mdel crrectly matched wrds with images 62 percent f the time. The AI was als able t match wrds it had learned with representative images that it had never seen befre, such as a cmmn image f an apple, abut 35percent f the time. Wrds including “car” and “sand” were frequently recgnized by the AI, but it struggled with bjects that might have mre variatins, such as “rm”.
“The findings demnstrate hw sme aspects f wrd meaning are learnable by assciatin. Hwever, the study didn’t prve hw children actually acquire wrds,” Jshua Tenenbaum, a scientist wh was nt invlved in the research, says. “The study als fcused just n the names f bjects — it didn’t shw that the AI culd learn abut verbs, structures and ther aspects f language thrugh the recrdings,” anther scientist adds. With future research, similar studies f learning culd pull back the curtain n the mysterius prcess f language acquisitin.
8．What phenmenn abut AI systems and children is mainly described in paragraph 1?
A. The data gap in language acquisitin.
B. Sharp distinctin s in language learning ability.
C. The difficulty f prcessing large numbers f wrds.
D. Inaccessibility f certain datasets n language learning.
9．Hw des the AI mdel learn language in the study?
A. By reading and playing with Sam fr 61 hurs.
B. By cmmunicating with Sam fr several mnths.
C. By analyzing a large number f wrds spken by Sam.
D. By engaging in Sam's daily experiences thrugh recrdings.
10．Which f the fllwing wrds might the AI mdel mst prbably struggle t match?
A. Bttle. B. Banana. C. Ty. D. Car.
11．What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut?
A. The limitatins f the study. B. Different aspects f language.
C. Imprvements f the Al mdel. D. The directins fr further study.
Just like any ther living thing, plants can get stressed. Usually, it's cnditins like heat and drught that lead t this stress, and when they're stressed, plants might nt grw as large r prduce as much. Many scientists have tried genetically changing plants. But plants changed fr higher crp utput tend t have a lwer stress tlerance because they put mre energy int grwth than int prtectin against stresses. Similarly, imprving the ability f plants t survive stress ften results in plants that prduce less because they put mre energy int prtectin than int grwth.
Our lab instead fcuses n hw plants and bacteria sense ethylene(乙烯) and hw it interacts with ther chemicals t regulate plant develpment. Fr this experiment, we expsed the seeds t ethylene gas fr several days in the dark t see what effect this might have. After gathering data n these seedlings (yung plants), we transferred them t a place with much light.
Several days later, sme lab members unexpectedly bserved that the plants briefly treated with ethylene had larger leaves as well as strnger rt systems than plants that had nt been expsed t ethylene. These plants cntinued grwing at a faster rate thrughut their whle lifetime.
But what made ur bservatin even mre pleasing is that the brief ethylene treatment als increased tlerance t varius stresses such as high temperature and lw xygen cnditins. Lng-term effects n grwth and stress tlerance frm brief expsure t a stimulus(刺激物) are ften called priming effects(启动效应).
S what's the underlying lgic? What we've fund is that ethylene increases phtsynthesis(a prcess by which plants gain chemical energy frm inrganic matters).Part f phtsynthesis includes what is called carbn fixatin, where plants pull carbn frm the atmsphere and use the CO₂ as building blcks t make sugars t fuel their activities.
Understanding this is mre imprtant than ever and culd help imprve crp prductin t feed the wrld's ppulatin.
12．What is the challenge faced by scientists behind genetically changed plants?
A. Guaranteeing a healthy envirnment fr the plants.
B. Balancing plants' prductivity and stress resistance.
C. Raising survival rates f genetically changed plants.
D. Identifying stress factrs affecting genetically changed plants.
13．What serves as a stimulus in the authr's experiment?
A. Ethylene. B. Bacteria. C. Darkness. D. Sunlight.
14．What is the rle f carbn fixatin in phtsynthesis?
A. It changes sugars int CO₂.
B. It makes plants absrb much sunlight.
C. It helps plants generate energy frm CO₂.
D. It enhances the prcess f ethylene priming.
15．Which f fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Why d Sme Plants Have a Higher Stress Level?
B. Emplying a Chemical Early n May Help Feed the Wrld
C. Hw d Priming Effects Increase Phtsynthesis in Plants?
D. Expsure t Ethylene is a Gd Way t Prtect Plants
二、七选五
16．Hw d yu respnd when smene else sets a bundary? Yu might hear the wrd “bundaries” and imagine walls that separate yu frm ther peple. In a sense, that's true. But bundaries aren’t necessarily a bad thing. In fact, they’re an imprtant ingredient in healthy and balanced relatinships. ①
Yu're nt the nly ne wh can set bundaries. ② Perhaps yu feel like yu're being sclded r “put in yur place”.
Yu may ntice sme negative emtins rushing t the surface as yu try t immediately defend yur actins. Keep in mind that yu are nt lsing anything but gaining knwledge f what makes the persn in yur life feel safe and happy.
③ If yu're feeling upset, deep, slw breathing can calm yur nervus system's “fight r flight” respnse. This makes it easier fr yu t receive infrmatin rather than prepare fr an argument.
Remember that yu bth have yur wn way f prcessing and feeling emtins. Try nt t assume what yur partner needs befre they say it ut lud. ④
Aplgize when necessary. Yu're nly human, and we all make mistakes. Maybe yu accidentally verstepped a bundary by making an ffensive jke r versharing when yu've been asked nt t. ⑤ Ask fr clarity if yu feel yu need it.
By learning t accept and acknwledge ther peple's bundaries, yu can start t think abut hw yu can imprve yur wn cnnectins with thers. Ultimately, effective bundaries can leave yu bth feeling empwered and result in a healthier, mre satisfying relatinship.
A. Take time t breathe and listen.
B. When smene vices a restrictin, yu might feel a sense f shame r frustratin.
C. Allw them space t vice their needs and wants.
D. When smene reaffirms the bundary, be humble enugh t aplgize fr yur mistake.
E. Yu’ll need t adjust it as circumstances change and relatinships grw.
F. They're als a crucial part f maintaining mental health and physical well-being.
G. Learning hw t set and maintain bundaries can change many aspects f yur life.
三、完形填空（15空）
The last thing Matthews remembered befre waking up in the hspital was riding alng a quiet street.
It was late last September and Matthews was 1 fr the Irnman Wrld Champinship, due t take place in Hawaii 10 days later. “In fact, this particular street was my favurite, but that sunds 2 nw,” the 31-year ld said.
Her teammates had t 3 her n what had happened. “Initially, yu just gt up straight away and started mving arund, 4 us that yu were fine t g n,” ne teammate recalled. “I dn’t 5 any f that,” Matthews smiled. “Yu’d actually 6 the car s perfectly that it brke the thickest bne abve yur neck,” the teammate cntinued.
Many peple wuld think twice abut their chice f 7 after a disastrus episde like that. But Matthews is clearly nt the 8 persn. After just a few days in hspital, she insisted n 9 and flew t Hawaii anyway. Matthews 10 her fellw athlete wh beat ther cmpetitrs and claimed the gld, and dreamt it might be her btaining the 11 sn.
Despite sme issues, Matthews is 12 awaiting the cming intensive winter training. She makes it sund as if she is recvering frm a(n) 13 wund. In fact, what she is attempting——her 14 is being made int a dcumentary by the Prfessinal Triathletes Organizatin — impresses a large audience.
Any bystander may think the 15 is enugh fr her t back ff fr a lng time! But Matthews smiles, “I’m just ging t keep ding what I’m ding.”
17．A. shpping B. travelling C. vlunteering D. training
18．A. reasnable B. tlerable C. laughable D. serius
19．A. cnsult B. cngratulate C. update D. evaluate
20．A. reminding B. cnvincing C. cautining D. recmmending
21．A. acknwledge B. believe C. mind D. remember
22．A. ruined B. hit C. driven D. maintained
23．A. careers B. teammates C. hspitals D. cmpetitrs
24．A. average B. exceptinal C. selfish D. disciplined
25．A. canceling ut B. pulling tgether C. checking ut D. getting acrss
26．A. cmfrted B. cheered C. replaced D. instructed
27．A. apprval B. supprt C. appintment D. title
28．A. initially B. gratefully C. eagerly D. frtunately
29．A. insignificant B. sensitive C. severe D. unidentifiable
30．A. breakdwn B. cmeback C. withdrawal D. injury
31．A. recvery B. news C. failure D. incident
四、短文填空
32．Blue-and-white prcelain is prbably a gd example f the glbal market in the ancient wrld. This Chinese ceramic(陶瓷的) variety ① (gain) a glbal reputatin during the Yuan Dynasty and ver the fllwing centuries, became ne f the cuntry's signature ② (prduct) n the flurishing Maritime Silk Rad.
As ne f the typical varieties frm China, blue-and-white prcelain is famus fr its delicate underglaze patterns. ③ (interesting), its rigin and evlutin we much t freign influences in materials and techniques.
The blue-and-white style flurished during the 13th t 14th centuries. In its early stages, it relied n ④ (imprt) cbalt(钴) paint knwn as “Samarra Blue” ⑤ “Sumatra Blue”, which cntained a higher percentage f irn dixide, ⑥ (result) in the distinct blue hue. Over time, Chinese artisans sught lcal mines and successfully frmulated native pigments (颜料). They experimented by blending lcal and imprted raw materials ⑦ (create) pigments that nt nly were in line ⑧ but als shaped aesthetic preferences at the time.
With ⑨ craftsmanship and techniques advanced, blue-and-white prcelain prduced during the Kangxi era (1662 ---1722) f the Qing Dynasty exhibited remarkable variatins in tne, ⑩ reminds peple f the five hues in traditinal Chinese paintings.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，上周六你们班一起去公园进行了汉服(Hanfu utfits)宣传活动。请你给英国朋友 Lucia写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
1.活动介绍；2.你的感想。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Lucia,
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．I was seated in a crner f the furth-grade classrm, feeling lst. My parents had transplanted me frm my ld village schl t this fancy barding schl in Bangalre. With everything strange arund me, I missed my hmetwn and my ld friends because there was nw n warm hme t rush back t after schl and n ne t share tales with. I culdn't help thinking f the happy mments I had spent befre mving here. I didn't even knw hw lng it wuld take t adapt myself t the cmpletely new envirnment. Or culd I?
Just then there was a lud cheer frm my classmates that pulled me back frm my memries. A tall, slim teacher in a shirt and a starched skirt came by, annuncing that the math teacher was absent and that we wuld have a free perid. She then suggested we d sme activities n ur wn withut making a lud nise. I sn learned that this was Miss Thmas, better knwn as the Sprts Miss.
All the girls agreed cheerfully and sn gathered in small grups. Sme chatted r giggled while thers read bks r were seen writing. As a newcmer, I believed it was t early fr me t jin them. With nthing better t d, I pulled ut a sheet f paper, n which I scrawled(潦草地涂鸦) rlling hills, swaying palms, the path that led t my ld schl, and my teacher with her lng hair. While ding this, I sensed a strng feeling f lss, tears welling up in my eyes.
I was s absrbed in drawing my ld friends ne by ne that I didn't even ntice Miss Thmas standing by my side. The mment I raised my head t wipe my tears, I saw her there. I nearly died f embarrassment and tried t hide the paper frm her. Hwever, she asked me if I'd like t share it with the class. After a few secnds' thught, I agreed.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Girls, lk at this picture,” she annunced. “We have a little artist amng us! ”
Many f my classmates then came frward, shk my hands and smiled at me.
参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Saln has driven the natinal cnversatin since 1995 thrugh fearless jurnalism distributed acrss Saln.cm, Saln TV. scial media, news platfrms, email newsletters and mbile apps.(自1995年以来，沙龙通过在Saln.cm、沙龙电视、社交媒体、新闻平台、电子邮件通讯和移动应用程序上发布无畏的新闻，推动了全国对话。可知，Saln是一个杰出的数字媒体渠道。故选C。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Sharing and Syndicatin部分中Newspapers, magazines, websites bk publishers and bradcast media shuld email us at syndicatin@saln.cm.(报纸、杂志、网站、图书出版商和广播媒体请发电子邮件至syndicatin@saln.cm)可知，如果第三方想要分享Saln的文章，将使用地址是syndicatin@saln.cm。故选D
3．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段We need yur supprt t stay independent -frm the impacts f algrithms(算法) and ad markets, and frm the handful f big media cmpanies and billinaires that nw wn mst U.S. media utlets. With mre members. we can pursue the reprting and analysis that yu need mst.(我们需要你们的支持来保持独立--不受算法和广告市场的影响，不受少数拥有美国大多数媒体的大型媒体公司和亿万富翁的影响。有了更多的会员，我们可以继续进行您最需要的报告和分析)可知，文章最后一部分的目的是鼓励更多的用户订阅。故选B
4．答案：D
解析：题意:从第2段中我们可以了解到什么?A.她有一个宽容的心态。B.她渴望成为一名医生。C.她喜欢世界旅游。D.她有明确的目标感。根据第二段第二句She had an ambitin frm early n t becme a scientist.(她从小就立志要成为一名科学家。)可知，Kariku有明确的目标感，故选D。
5．答案：A
解析：题意:第4段中划线部分Undeterred by可能是什么意思?A.不被打败。B.不知道。C.不被激励。 D.为…...感到羞愧。根据第四段第二句She was initially n track t becme a full prfessr but received repeated fund rejectins.(她最初有望成为一名正教授，但遭到多次拒绝。)以及she chse t cntinue her research.(她选择继续她的研究。)可知，她没有被困难打败，而是选择继续研究，故选A。
6．答案：D
解析：题意:Kariku的主要贡献可能是什么?A.简化mRNA技术。B.使mRNA的结构清晰。C研制出治疗严重疾病的疫苗。D.为mRNA疫苗奠定了基础。根据第五段第三句:Kariku和Weissman发明的改良的mRNA技术随后被用于研制疫苗，有效地预防了感染。可知，Kariku和Weissman发明的改良的mRNA技术为mRNA疫苗奠定了基础，故选D。
7．答案：C
解析：题意:我们可以从Kariku的成功中学到什么教训?A.没有追求就没有收获。B.三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。C.有志者事竟成。D.失败是成功之母。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Kariku和她的同事Drew Weissman因开发了MRNA技术而获得了2023年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。Kariku的成功告诉我们，有志者事竟成，只要坚持不懈，就能成功。故选C。
8．答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段：人工智能系统现在可以学习和使用人类语言，但它们从大量的语言输入中学习--远远超过儿童在学习如何理解和说一门语言时所接受的语言输入。最好的人工智能系统是在包含数万亿单词的文本数据集上进行训练的，而儿童每年只接受数百万个单词的训练。可知，人工智能系统和儿童学习语言时获得的输入量存在很大的悬殊，本段主要描述了两者在语言习得方面的数据差距。故选A项。
9．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中：这个名叫Sam的婴儿在6个月到25个月大的时候戴了61个小时的头戴式设备。当Sam参加包括玩耍、吃饭和阅读在内的活动时，头戴式设备录下了视频和音频。研究人员为他们的人工智能模型提供了个人视频图像和当时人们所说的话的书面文本。可知，在这项研究中，人工智能模型通过录像参与Sam的日常经历来学习语言。故选D项。
10．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中：人工智自还能够将它学过的单词与它以前从未见过的代表性图像进行匹配，比如一个常见的苹果图像，准确率约为35%。包括“汽车”和“沙”在内的单词经常被人工智能识别，但它很难识别可能有更多变化的对象如房间。可知，人工智能相对能够轻松识别具有代表性图像的单词，如苹果、汽车和沙，但在识别有更多变化的对象上有困难。结合选项可知，玩具会有不同的形态，有很多变化，不易被人工智能识别。故选C项。
11．答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段中两个科学家所说的话：研究结果表明，单词含义的某些方面是如何通过联想来学习的。然而，这项研究并没有证明儿童实际上是如何习得词汇。和：这项研究也只关注物体的名称，并没有表明人工智能可以通过录像学习动词、结构和语言的其他方面。可知，本段主要探讨了这项研究的局限性。故选A项。
12．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段：但是，为了提高作物产量而改变的植物往往具有较低的抗逆性，因为它们将更多的能量用于生长而不是用于抵御压力。同样，提高植物在逆境中的生存能力往往会导致植物产量减少，因为它们将更多的能量用于保护而不是生长。可知，转基因植物背后的科学家面临的挑战是平衡植物的生产力和抗逆性。故选B。
13．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段：但更让我们高兴的是，短暂的乙烯处理也增加了对各种应力的耐受性，如高温和低氧条件。短期暴露于刺激对生长和压力耐受性的长期影响通常被称为启动效应。可知，在作者的实验中，乙烯是刺激因素。故选A
14．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段：光合作用的一部分包括所谓的碳固定，植物从大气中吸收碳，并利用二氧化碳作为构建块来制造糖来为它们的活动提供燃料。可知，固碳在光合作用中的作用是帮助植物从二氧化碳中产生能量。故选C。
15．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段：了解这一点比以往任何时候都更加重要，可以帮助提高作物产量，养活世界人口。结合文章主要说明了转基因植物背后的科学家面临的挑战是平衡植物的生产力和抗逆性，于是作者的实验室通过实验发现短期接触刺激物可以让植物生长和压力耐受性增加，可以帮助提高作物产量，养活世界人口。可知，B选项尽早使用化学物质可能有助于养活世界，最符合文章标题。故选B。
16．答案：FBACD
解析：①根据上文Hw d yu respnd when smene else sets a bundary? Yu might hear the wrd bundaries and imagine walls that separate yu frm ther peple. In a sense, that's true. But bundaries aren't necessarily a bad thing. In fact, they're an imprtant ingredient in healthy and balanced relatinships.(当别人设定界限时，你如何回应?你可能会听到界限这个词，想象把你和其他人分开的墙。从某种意义上说，这是对的。但界限并不一定是坏事。事实上，它们是健康和平衡关系的重要组成部分)可知，本句为本段最后一句，故对上文进行补充说明，继续解释界限的重要意义。故F选项它们也是保持身心健康的重要组成部分符合语境，故选F。
②根据上文Yu're nt the nly ne wh can set bundaries.(你不是唯-一个可以设定界限的人)以及后文Perhaps yu feel like yu're being sclded r put in yur place.(也许你觉得自己被责骂了，或者被置于你的位置上)可知，后文提到觉得自己被责骂了，推测本句是在说明对于界限的负面感受。故B选项当有人提出限制时，你可能会感到羞耻或沮丧符合语境，故选B。
③根据后文If yu're feeling upset, deep, slw breathing can calm yur nervus system's fight r flight respnse. This makes it easier fr yu t receive infrmatin rather than prepare fr an argument.(如果你感到不安，深呼吸，缓慢的呼吸可以平息你的神经系统的战斗或逃跑反应。这让你更容易接受信息，而不是准备争论)可知，后文提到了深呼吸以及接受信息，A选项中breathe对应后文deep ,slw breathing。故A选项花点时间深呼吸和倾听符合语境，故选A。
④根据上文“Remember that yu bth have yur wn way f prcessing and feeling emtins. Try nt t assume what yur partner needs befre they say it ut lud.(记住你们都有自己处理和感受情绪的方式。在你的伴侣大声说出来之前，尽量不要去猜测他们需要什么)”可知，上文提到不要去猜测伴侣需要什么，说明建议让对方自我表达需求，故C选项“给他们表达需求的空间”符合语境，故选C。
⑤根据上文Aplgize when necessary. Yu're nly human, and we all make mistakes. Maybe yu accidentally verstepped a bundary by making an ffensive jke r versharing when yu've been asked nt t.(必要时道歉。你只是凡人，我们都会犯错也许你不小心越过了界限，开了一个无礼的玩笑或者在别人要求你不要的情况下过度分享)以及后文Ask fr clarity if yu feel yu need it.(如果你觉得有必要，就问清楚)可知，上文提到了不小心越界，推测本句是在说明越界时的应对方法。故D选项当有人重申界限时，要谦虚地为你的错误道歉符合语境，故选D。
17．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。句意:那是去年9月底，马修斯正在为10天后在夏威夷举行的世界铁人锦标赛进行训练。
18．答案：C
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。句意:这位31岁的人说:事实上，这条街是我最喜欢的，但现在听起来很可笑。
19．答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。句意:她的队友不得不把发生的事情告诉她。
20．答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。句意:一开始，你只是直接站起来，开始四处走动，让我们相信你可以继续下去，一名队友回忆说。
21．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。句意:我什么都不记得了，马修斯笑着说。
22．答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。句意:实际上，你的车撞得如此完美，以至于撞了你脖子上最厚的骨头，队友继续说道。
23．答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。句意:在经历了这样一场灾难性的事件后，许多人会重新考虑自己的职业选择。
24．答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。句意:但马修斯显然不是一般人。
25．答案：C
解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。句意:在医院住了几天后，她坚持要出院，还是飞到了夏威夷。
26．答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。句意:马修斯为她的同伴们击败其他竞争者夺得金牌而欢呼，并梦想着她可能很快就会获得冠军。
27．答案：D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。句意:马修斯为她的同伴们击败其他竞争者夺得金牌而欢呼，并梦想着她可能很快就会获得冠军。
28．答案：C
解析：考查副词及语境理解。句意:尽管有一些问题，马修斯还是热切地等待着即将到来的高强度冬训。
29．答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。句意:她说得好像她正在从一个无关紧要的伤口中恢复过来。
30．答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。句意:事实上，她正在尝试的--她的复出---被专业铁人三项运动员组织拍成了纪录片--给很多观众留下了深刻的印象。
31．答案：D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。句意:任何旁观者都可能认为这件事足以让她退缩很长一段时间!
32．答案：①gained②prducts③Interestingly④imprted⑤r⑥resulting⑦t create⑧with⑨the⑩which
解析：①考查动词时态。句意:这种中国陶瓷品种在元代获得了全球声誉，并在接下来的几个世纪中成为蓬勃发展的海上丝绸之路上的国家标志性产品之一。空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语during the Yuan Dynasty可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填gained。
②考查名词复数。句意:这种中国陶瓷品种在元代获得了全球声誉，并在接下来的几个世纪中成为蓬勃发展的海上丝绸之路上的国家标志性产品之一。固定结构ne f the+可数名词复数，意为...的其中一个，prduct应用复数形式。故填prducts.
③考查副词。句意:有趣的是，它的起源和演变在很大程度上受到了外国材料和技术的影响。空处修饰整个句子，interesting的副词形式interestingly符合题意，意为有趣的是，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Interestingly。
④考查非谓语动词。句意:在早期阶段，它依赖于进口的钴涂料，即萨马拉蓝或苏门答腊蓝，这种涂料含有较高比例的二氧化铁，从而产生了独特的蓝色色调。空处是修饰cbalt paint的前置定语，imprt和cbalt paint逻辑上是被动关系，应用imprt的过去分词形式。故填imprted.
⑤考查连词。句意:在早期阶段，它依赖于进口的钴涂料，即萨马拉蓝或苏门答腊蓝，这种涂料含有较高比例的二氧化铁，从而产生了独特的蓝色色调。空处连接前后两个专有名词Samarra Blue和Sumatra Blue，两者之间是选择关系，应用表示“或，或者”的并列连词r。故填r。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意:在早期阶段，它依赖于进口的钴涂料，即萨马拉蓝或苏门答腊蓝，这种涂料含有较高比例的二氧化铁，从而产了独特的蓝色色调。句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用result的现在分词形式。故填resulting。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意:他们尝试将当地和进口的原材料混合在一起，创造出不仅符合而塑造了当时审美偏好的颜料。句子主干成分完整空处作句子的目的状语，表示为了…，应用create的不定式形式。故填t create。
⑧考查介词。句意:他们尝试将当地和进口的原材料混合在一起，创造出不仅符合而且塑造了当时审美偏好的颜料。根据in line和aesthetic preferences可知，此处应用固定短语in line with表示符合，与…….一致。故填with
⑨考查冠词。句意:随着工艺和技术的进步，清朝康熙年间(1662-1722)生产的青花瓷呈现出惊人的色调变化，这让人想起中国传统绘画中的五色。空处表示特指，指上文提到的工艺和技术，应用定冠词the。故填the。
⑩考查定语从句。句意:随着工艺和技术的进步，清朝康熙年间(1662-1722)生产的青花瓷呈现出惊人的色调变化，这让人想起中国传统绘画中的五色。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子作补充说明，应用关系代词which作引导词。在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故真which
33．答案：
Dear Lucia.
T prmte Chinese Hanfu culture, ur class held an activity in the city park last Saturday. I knw yu are interested in Hanfu s I am writing t share with yu the activity.
We all wre Hanfu utfits and tk ur schl bus t the city park in the mrning. In the park we demnstrated the etiquette f Hanfu, perfrmed dances f Tang Dynasty, and tk phts with passersby. Besides, we shwed Hanfu styles f different dynasties as well as the rich culture behind them.
With ur wrk, many peple gt t knw mre abut Hanfu. All f us felt excited and fulfilled at the end f the day. What a pity yu were nt with us!
Attached are sme activity phts. I really hpe yu’ll like them.
Yurs,
Li Hua
解析：1.词汇积累
举行:hld→hst
展示:shw→exhibit
比タ:besides-in additin
激动:excited→thrilled
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原:I knw yu are interested in Hanfu s I am writing t share with yu the activity.
拓展句:Since yu are interested in Hanfu, I am writing t share with yu the activity.
点晴:
【高分句型1】T prmte Chinese Hanfu culture, ur class held an activity in the city park last Saturday.(运用了不定式作目的状语)
【高分句型2】I knw yu are interested in Hanfu s I am writing t share with yu the activity.(运用了省路that的宾语从句)
34．答案：
Girls, lk at this picture, she annunced. We have a little artist amng us !She asked me t intrduce my drawing. Nervusly, I held up my drawing and began describing it, my vice filed with hesitatin. T my astnishment, as I finished speaking, the entire class erupted int warm applause. Miss Thmas, with a warm smile, wrapped her arms arund me in a tight hug and said t my classmates, “Let's all cngratulate ur little artist!, Tears welled up in my eyes nce again, but this time it was the utpuring f jy frm my deep heart.
Many f my classmates then came frward, shk my hands and smiled at me. Sme even hugged me tightly, making me quickly integrate int this warm family. At that time, I fund the wrld was far mre beautiful than I had imagined. Actually, my art was nthing extrardinary, but Miss Thmas brke the ice and planted unwavering cnfidence within me. I cntinued in the same schl right up t the 10th grade always with ur Sprts Miss as a guide, finishing ff as the best student in my class
解析：1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容：姑娘们，看看这张画，她宣布，可知，第一段可描写作者介绍自己的画以及得到祝贺。
②由第二段首句内容：然后我的许多同学走上前来和我握手，对我微笑。可知，第二段可描写作者得到了同学的认可，改善了人际关系。
2.续写线索:绘画被发现-鼓励同学来看--介绍绘画--得到认可--关系改善作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①完成:finish/accmplish
②)爆发:erupt int /burst int
③继续:cntinue t/g n
情绪类
①快乐:jy/happiness
②美丽:beautiful/grgeus
【高分句型1】T my astnishment, as I finished speaking, the entire class erupted int warm applause(运用了as引导时间状语从句)
【高分包型2】I cntinued in the same schl right up t the 10th grade, always with ur Sprts Miss as a guide, finishing ff as the best student in my class.(运用了现在分词作状语)
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D. T prmte a new editrial team at Saln.
Katalin Kariku alng with her clleague Drew Weissman wn the Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine in 2023 fr the develpment f mRNA technlgy.
Kariku was brn in January 1955, in a small village in Hungary. She had an ambitin frm early n t becme a scientist. As a yung adult, she became interested in messenger RNA, which carries DNA instructins t the prtein-making engine f cells. She hped that mRNA culd play a key rle in the treatment f varius diseases. It became her missin t make her dream a reality t help cure patients. Hwever, Kariku faced a shrtage f funding fr her research in her cuntry, and she then faced the chice f stpping and ding smething nt cnnected t her missin r cntinuing her research at the price f having t leave her cuntry.
After searching fr psts and schlarships wrldwide, Kariku accepted an ffer frm Temple University in Philadelphia fr a pstdctral fellwship. Kariku and her husband gave up everything they had in their hmeland and bught a ne-way ticket t the U. S., where they knew n ne.
She was initially n track t becme a full prfessr but received repeated fund rejectins. Undeterred by the prblems and challenges, she chse t cntinue her research. By fcusing n what mattered t her every day, she “accidentally” met her wrk partner Dre w Weissman wh was als interested in mRNA. They teamed up t wrk n mRNA and published papers abut their grundbreaking discvery fr years. Then the pandemic hit the wrld. The changed mRNA technlgy Kariku and Weissman invented was then used in vaccines(疫苗) that prevented the infectin effectively.
Kariku’s life is a testament(证明) t finding ne’s passin and then pursuing it every single day. Many f us knw what we are fnd f, but we are nt gd self-mtivatrs n a daily basis.
4．What can we learn abut Kariku frm paragraph 2?
A. She had a tlerant mind. B. She lnged t be a dctr.
C. She was fnd f wrld turs. D. She had a clear sense f purpse.
5．What des the underlined part “Undeterred by” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Nt discuraged by. B. Being unaware f.
C. Nt mtivated by. D. Being ashamed f.
6．What is prbably the main cntributin f Kariku?
A. Simplifying the mRNA technlgy.
B. Making the structure f mRNA clear.
C. Develping a vaccine fr a serius disease.
D. Laying the grundwrk fr mRNA vaccines.
7．What lessn can we learn frm Kariku's success?
A. Nthing seek, nthing find.
B. Tw heads are better than ne.
C. Where there's a will, there's a way.
D. Necessity is the mther f inventin.
AI systems can nw learn and use human language, but they learn frm astrnmical amunts f language input — much mre than children receive when learning hw t understand and speak a language. The best AI systems are trained n text datasets cntaining trillins f wrds, whereas children receive just millins per year.
But a recent study suggests AI systems can acquire sme language with a small set f clues. Researchers tk advantage f an existing library f camera ftage that captured ne baby's experience. The baby named Sam wre a headcam(头戴式设备) fr 61 hurs between the ages f six mnths and 25 mnths. The headcam recrded vide and audi while Sam tk part in activities including playing, eating and reading. The researchers fed their AI mdel individual vide images and a written text f what peple were saying at that time. They wndered what the mdel wuld learn and whether it culd prvide insights int the language acquisitin prcess in children.
Acrss multiple tests, the AI mdel crrectly matched wrds with images 62 percent f the time. The AI was als able t match wrds it had learned with representative images that it had never seen befre, such as a cmmn image f an apple, abut 35percent f the time. Wrds including “car” and “sand” were frequently recgnized by the AI, but it struggled with bjects that might have mre variatins, such as “rm”.
“The findings demnstrate hw sme aspects f wrd meaning are learnable by assciatin. Hwever, the study didn’t prve hw children actually acquire wrds,” Jshua Tenenbaum, a scientist wh was nt invlved in the research, says. “The study als fcused just n the names f bjects — it didn’t shw that the AI culd learn abut verbs, structures and ther aspects f language thrugh the recrdings,” anther scientist adds. With future research, similar studies f learning culd pull back the curtain n the mysterius prcess f language acquisitin.
8．What phenmenn abut AI systems and children is mainly described in paragraph 1?
A. The data gap in language acquisitin.
B. Sharp distinctin s in language learning ability.
C. The difficulty f prcessing large numbers f wrds.
D. Inaccessibility f certain datasets n language learning.
9．Hw des the AI mdel learn language in the study?
A. By reading and playing with Sam fr 61 hurs.
B. By cmmunicating with Sam fr several mnths.
C. By analyzing a large number f wrds spken by Sam.
D. By engaging in Sam's daily experiences thrugh recrdings.
10．Which f the fllwing wrds might the AI mdel mst prbably struggle t match?
A. Bttle. B. Banana. C. Ty. D. Car.
11．What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut?
A. The limitatins f the study. B. Different aspects f language.
C. Imprvements f the Al mdel. D. The directins fr further study.
Just like any ther living thing, plants can get stressed. Usually, it's cnditins like heat and drught that lead t this stress, and when they're stressed, plants might nt grw as large r prduce as much. Many scientists have tried genetically changing plants. But plants changed fr higher crp utput tend t have a lwer stress tlerance because they put mre energy int grwth than int prtectin against stresses. Similarly, imprving the ability f plants t survive stress ften results in plants that prduce less because they put mre energy int prtectin than int grwth.
Our lab instead fcuses n hw plants and bacteria sense ethylene(乙烯) and hw it interacts with ther chemicals t regulate plant develpment. Fr this experiment, we expsed the seeds t ethylene gas fr several days in the dark t see what effect this might have. After gathering data n these seedlings (yung plants), we transferred them t a place with much light.
Several days later, sme lab members unexpectedly bserved that the plants briefly treated with ethylene had larger leaves as well as strnger rt systems than plants that had nt been expsed t ethylene. These plants cntinued grwing at a faster rate thrughut their whle lifetime.
But what made ur bservatin even mre pleasing is that the brief ethylene treatment als increased tlerance t varius stresses such as high temperature and lw xygen cnditins. Lng-term effects n grwth and stress tlerance frm brief expsure t a stimulus(刺激物) are ften called priming effects(启动效应).
S what's the underlying lgic? What we've fund is that ethylene increases phtsynthesis(a prcess by which plants gain chemical energy frm inrganic matters).Part f phtsynthesis includes what is called carbn fixatin, where plants pull carbn frm the atmsphere and use the CO₂ as building blcks t make sugars t fuel their activities.
Understanding this is mre imprtant than ever and culd help imprve crp prductin t feed the wrld's ppulatin.
12．What is the challenge faced by scientists behind genetically changed plants?
A. Guaranteeing a healthy envirnment fr the plants.
B. Balancing plants' prductivity and stress resistance.
C. Raising survival rates f genetically changed plants.
D. Identifying stress factrs affecting genetically changed plants.
13．What serves as a stimulus in the authr's experiment?
A. Ethylene. B. Bacteria. C. Darkness. D. Sunlight.
14．What is the rle f carbn fixatin in phtsynthesis?
A. It changes sugars int CO₂.
B. It makes plants absrb much sunlight.
C. It helps plants generate energy frm CO₂.
D. It enhances the prcess f ethylene priming.
15．Which f fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Why d Sme Plants Have a Higher Stress Level?
B. Emplying a Chemical Early n May Help Feed the Wrld
C. Hw d Priming Effects Increase Phtsynthesis in Plants?
D. Expsure t Ethylene is a Gd Way t Prtect Plants
二、七选五
16．Hw d yu respnd when smene else sets a bundary? Yu might hear the wrd “bundaries” and imagine walls that separate yu frm ther peple. In a sense, that's true. But bundaries aren’t necessarily a bad thing. In fact, they’re an imprtant ingredient in healthy and balanced relatinships. ①
Yu're nt the nly ne wh can set bundaries. ② Perhaps yu feel like yu're being sclded r “put in yur place”.
Yu may ntice sme negative emtins rushing t the surface as yu try t immediately defend yur actins. Keep in mind that yu are nt lsing anything but gaining knwledge f what makes the persn in yur life feel safe and happy.
③ If yu're feeling upset, deep, slw breathing can calm yur nervus system's “fight r flight” respnse. This makes it easier fr yu t receive infrmatin rather than prepare fr an argument.
Remember that yu bth have yur wn way f prcessing and feeling emtins. Try nt t assume what yur partner needs befre they say it ut lud. ④
Aplgize when necessary. Yu're nly human, and we all make mistakes. Maybe yu accidentally verstepped a bundary by making an ffensive jke r versharing when yu've been asked nt t. ⑤ Ask fr clarity if yu feel yu need it.
By learning t accept and acknwledge ther peple's bundaries, yu can start t think abut hw yu can imprve yur wn cnnectins with thers. Ultimately, effective bundaries can leave yu bth feeling empwered and result in a healthier, mre satisfying relatinship.
A. Take time t breathe and listen.
B. When smene vices a restrictin, yu might feel a sense f shame r frustratin.
C. Allw them space t vice their needs and wants.
D. When smene reaffirms the bundary, be humble enugh t aplgize fr yur mistake.
E. Yu’ll need t adjust it as circumstances change and relatinships grw.
F. They're als a crucial part f maintaining mental health and physical well-being.
G. Learning hw t set and maintain bundaries can change many aspects f yur life.
三、完形填空（15空）
The last thing Matthews remembered befre waking up in the hspital was riding alng a quiet street.
It was late last September and Matthews was 1 fr the Irnman Wrld Champinship, due t take place in Hawaii 10 days later. “In fact, this particular street was my favurite, but that sunds 2 nw,” the 31-year ld said.
Her teammates had t 3 her n what had happened. “Initially, yu just gt up straight away and started mving arund, 4 us that yu were fine t g n,” ne teammate recalled. “I dn’t 5 any f that,” Matthews smiled. “Yu’d actually 6 the car s perfectly that it brke the thickest bne abve yur neck,” the teammate cntinued.
Many peple wuld think twice abut their chice f 7 after a disastrus episde like that. But Matthews is clearly nt the 8 persn. After just a few days in hspital, she insisted n 9 and flew t Hawaii anyway. Matthews 10 her fellw athlete wh beat ther cmpetitrs and claimed the gld, and dreamt it might be her btaining the 11 sn.
Despite sme issues, Matthews is 12 awaiting the cming intensive winter training. She makes it sund as if she is recvering frm a(n) 13 wund. In fact, what she is attempting——her 14 is being made int a dcumentary by the Prfessinal Triathletes Organizatin — impresses a large audience.
Any bystander may think the 15 is enugh fr her t back ff fr a lng time! But Matthews smiles, “I’m just ging t keep ding what I’m ding.”
17．A. shpping B. travelling C. vlunteering D. training
18．A. reasnable B. tlerable C. laughable D. serius
19．A. cnsult B. cngratulate C. update D. evaluate
20．A. reminding B. cnvincing C. cautining D. recmmending
21．A. acknwledge B. believe C. mind D. remember
22．A. ruined B. hit C. driven D. maintained
23．A. careers B. teammates C. hspitals D. cmpetitrs
24．A. average B. exceptinal C. selfish D. disciplined
25．A. canceling ut B. pulling tgether C. checking ut D. getting acrss
26．A. cmfrted B. cheered C. replaced D. instructed
27．A. apprval B. supprt C. appintment D. title
28．A. initially B. gratefully C. eagerly D. frtunately
29．A. insignificant B. sensitive C. severe D. unidentifiable
30．A. breakdwn B. cmeback C. withdrawal D. injury
31．A. recvery B. news C. failure D. incident
四、短文填空
32．Blue-and-white prcelain is prbably a gd example f the glbal market in the ancient wrld. This Chinese ceramic(陶瓷的) variety ① (gain) a glbal reputatin during the Yuan Dynasty and ver the fllwing centuries, became ne f the cuntry's signature ② (prduct) n the flurishing Maritime Silk Rad.
As ne f the typical varieties frm China, blue-and-white prcelain is famus fr its delicate underglaze patterns. ③ (interesting), its rigin and evlutin we much t freign influences in materials and techniques.
The blue-and-white style flurished during the 13th t 14th centuries. In its early stages, it relied n ④ (imprt) cbalt(钴) paint knwn as “Samarra Blue” ⑤ “Sumatra Blue”, which cntained a higher percentage f irn dixide, ⑥ (result) in the distinct blue hue. Over time, Chinese artisans sught lcal mines and successfully frmulated native pigments (颜料). They experimented by blending lcal and imprted raw materials ⑦ (create) pigments that nt nly were in line ⑧ but als shaped aesthetic preferences at the time.
With ⑨ craftsmanship and techniques advanced, blue-and-white prcelain prduced during the Kangxi era (1662 ---1722) f the Qing Dynasty exhibited remarkable variatins in tne, ⑩ reminds peple f the five hues in traditinal Chinese paintings.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，上周六你们班一起去公园进行了汉服(Hanfu utfits)宣传活动。请你给英国朋友 Lucia写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
1.活动介绍；2.你的感想。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Lucia,
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．I was seated in a crner f the furth-grade classrm, feeling lst. My parents had transplanted me frm my ld village schl t this fancy barding schl in Bangalre. With everything strange arund me, I missed my hmetwn and my ld friends because there was nw n warm hme t rush back t after schl and n ne t share tales with. I culdn't help thinking f the happy mments I had spent befre mving here. I didn't even knw hw lng it wuld take t adapt myself t the cmpletely new envirnment. Or culd I?
Just then there was a lud cheer frm my classmates that pulled me back frm my memries. A tall, slim teacher in a shirt and a starched skirt came by, annuncing that the math teacher was absent and that we wuld have a free perid. She then suggested we d sme activities n ur wn withut making a lud nise. I sn learned that this was Miss Thmas, better knwn as the Sprts Miss.
All the girls agreed cheerfully and sn gathered in small grups. Sme chatted r giggled while thers read bks r were seen writing. As a newcmer, I believed it was t early fr me t jin them. With nthing better t d, I pulled ut a sheet f paper, n which I scrawled(潦草地涂鸦) rlling hills, swaying palms, the path that led t my ld schl, and my teacher with her lng hair. While ding this, I sensed a strng feeling f lss, tears welling up in my eyes.
I was s absrbed in drawing my ld friends ne by ne that I didn't even ntice Miss Thmas standing by my side. The mment I raised my head t wipe my tears, I saw her there. I nearly died f embarrassment and tried t hide the paper frm her. Hwever, she asked me if I'd like t share it with the class. After a few secnds' thught, I agreed.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Girls, lk at this picture,” she annunced. “We have a little artist amng us! ”
Many f my classmates then came frward, shk my hands and smiled at me.
参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Saln has driven the natinal cnversatin since 1995 thrugh fearless jurnalism distributed acrss Saln.cm, Saln TV. scial media, news platfrms, email newsletters and mbile apps.(自1995年以来，沙龙通过在Saln.cm、沙龙电视、社交媒体、新闻平台、电子邮件通讯和移动应用程序上发布无畏的新闻，推动了全国对话。可知，Saln是一个杰出的数字媒体渠道。故选C。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Sharing and Syndicatin部分中Newspapers, magazines, websites bk publishers and bradcast media shuld email us at syndicatin@saln.cm.(报纸、杂志、网站、图书出版商和广播媒体请发电子邮件至syndicatin@saln.cm)可知，如果第三方想要分享Saln的文章，将使用地址是syndicatin@saln.cm。故选D
3．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段We need yur supprt t stay independent -frm the impacts f algrithms(算法) and ad markets, and frm the handful f big media cmpanies and billinaires that nw wn mst U.S. media utlets. With mre members. we can pursue the reprting and analysis that yu need mst.(我们需要你们的支持来保持独立--不受算法和广告市场的影响，不受少数拥有美国大多数媒体的大型媒体公司和亿万富翁的影响。有了更多的会员，我们可以继续进行您最需要的报告和分析)可知，文章最后一部分的目的是鼓励更多的用户订阅。故选B
4．答案：D
解析：题意:从第2段中我们可以了解到什么?A.她有一个宽容的心态。B.她渴望成为一名医生。C.她喜欢世界旅游。D.她有明确的目标感。根据第二段第二句She had an ambitin frm early n t becme a scientist.(她从小就立志要成为一名科学家。)可知，Kariku有明确的目标感，故选D。
5．答案：A
解析：题意:第4段中划线部分Undeterred by可能是什么意思?A.不被打败。B.不知道。C.不被激励。 D.为…...感到羞愧。根据第四段第二句She was initially n track t becme a full prfessr but received repeated fund rejectins.(她最初有望成为一名正教授，但遭到多次拒绝。)以及she chse t cntinue her research.(她选择继续她的研究。)可知，她没有被困难打败，而是选择继续研究，故选A。
6．答案：D
解析：题意:Kariku的主要贡献可能是什么?A.简化mRNA技术。B.使mRNA的结构清晰。C研制出治疗严重疾病的疫苗。D.为mRNA疫苗奠定了基础。根据第五段第三句:Kariku和Weissman发明的改良的mRNA技术随后被用于研制疫苗，有效地预防了感染。可知，Kariku和Weissman发明的改良的mRNA技术为mRNA疫苗奠定了基础，故选D。
7．答案：C
解析：题意:我们可以从Kariku的成功中学到什么教训?A.没有追求就没有收获。B.三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。C.有志者事竟成。D.失败是成功之母。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Kariku和她的同事Drew Weissman因开发了MRNA技术而获得了2023年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。Kariku的成功告诉我们，有志者事竟成，只要坚持不懈，就能成功。故选C。
8．答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段：人工智能系统现在可以学习和使用人类语言，但它们从大量的语言输入中学习--远远超过儿童在学习如何理解和说一门语言时所接受的语言输入。最好的人工智能系统是在包含数万亿单词的文本数据集上进行训练的，而儿童每年只接受数百万个单词的训练。可知，人工智能系统和儿童学习语言时获得的输入量存在很大的悬殊，本段主要描述了两者在语言习得方面的数据差距。故选A项。
9．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中：这个名叫Sam的婴儿在6个月到25个月大的时候戴了61个小时的头戴式设备。当Sam参加包括玩耍、吃饭和阅读在内的活动时，头戴式设备录下了视频和音频。研究人员为他们的人工智能模型提供了个人视频图像和当时人们所说的话的书面文本。可知，在这项研究中，人工智能模型通过录像参与Sam的日常经历来学习语言。故选D项。
10．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中：人工智自还能够将它学过的单词与它以前从未见过的代表性图像进行匹配，比如一个常见的苹果图像，准确率约为35%。包括“汽车”和“沙”在内的单词经常被人工智能识别，但它很难识别可能有更多变化的对象如房间。可知，人工智能相对能够轻松识别具有代表性图像的单词，如苹果、汽车和沙，但在识别有更多变化的对象上有困难。结合选项可知，玩具会有不同的形态，有很多变化，不易被人工智能识别。故选C项。
11．答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段中两个科学家所说的话：研究结果表明，单词含义的某些方面是如何通过联想来学习的。然而，这项研究并没有证明儿童实际上是如何习得词汇。和：这项研究也只关注物体的名称，并没有表明人工智能可以通过录像学习动词、结构和语言的其他方面。可知，本段主要探讨了这项研究的局限性。故选A项。
12．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段：但是，为了提高作物产量而改变的植物往往具有较低的抗逆性，因为它们将更多的能量用于生长而不是用于抵御压力。同样，提高植物在逆境中的生存能力往往会导致植物产量减少，因为它们将更多的能量用于保护而不是生长。可知，转基因植物背后的科学家面临的挑战是平衡植物的生产力和抗逆性。故选B。
13．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段：但更让我们高兴的是，短暂的乙烯处理也增加了对各种应力的耐受性，如高温和低氧条件。短期暴露于刺激对生长和压力耐受性的长期影响通常被称为启动效应。可知，在作者的实验中，乙烯是刺激因素。故选A
14．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段：光合作用的一部分包括所谓的碳固定，植物从大气中吸收碳，并利用二氧化碳作为构建块来制造糖来为它们的活动提供燃料。可知，固碳在光合作用中的作用是帮助植物从二氧化碳中产生能量。故选C。
15．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段：了解这一点比以往任何时候都更加重要，可以帮助提高作物产量，养活世界人口。结合文章主要说明了转基因植物背后的科学家面临的挑战是平衡植物的生产力和抗逆性，于是作者的实验室通过实验发现短期接触刺激物可以让植物生长和压力耐受性增加，可以帮助提高作物产量，养活世界人口。可知，B选项尽早使用化学物质可能有助于养活世界，最符合文章标题。故选B。
16．答案：FBACD
解析：①根据上文Hw d yu respnd when smene else sets a bundary? Yu might hear the wrd bundaries and imagine walls that separate yu frm ther peple. In a sense, that's true. But bundaries aren't necessarily a bad thing. In fact, they're an imprtant ingredient in healthy and balanced relatinships.(当别人设定界限时，你如何回应?你可能会听到界限这个词，想象把你和其他人分开的墙。从某种意义上说，这是对的。但界限并不一定是坏事。事实上，它们是健康和平衡关系的重要组成部分)可知，本句为本段最后一句，故对上文进行补充说明，继续解释界限的重要意义。故F选项它们也是保持身心健康的重要组成部分符合语境，故选F。
②根据上文Yu're nt the nly ne wh can set bundaries.(你不是唯-一个可以设定界限的人)以及后文Perhaps yu feel like yu're being sclded r put in yur place.(也许你觉得自己被责骂了，或者被置于你的位置上)可知，后文提到觉得自己被责骂了，推测本句是在说明对于界限的负面感受。故B选项当有人提出限制时，你可能会感到羞耻或沮丧符合语境，故选B。
③根据后文If yu're feeling upset, deep, slw breathing can calm yur nervus system's fight r flight respnse. This makes it easier fr yu t receive infrmatin rather than prepare fr an argument.(如果你感到不安，深呼吸，缓慢的呼吸可以平息你的神经系统的战斗或逃跑反应。这让你更容易接受信息，而不是准备争论)可知，后文提到了深呼吸以及接受信息，A选项中breathe对应后文deep ,slw breathing。故A选项花点时间深呼吸和倾听符合语境，故选A。
④根据上文“Remember that yu bth have yur wn way f prcessing and feeling emtins. Try nt t assume what yur partner needs befre they say it ut lud.(记住你们都有自己处理和感受情绪的方式。在你的伴侣大声说出来之前，尽量不要去猜测他们需要什么)”可知，上文提到不要去猜测伴侣需要什么，说明建议让对方自我表达需求，故C选项“给他们表达需求的空间”符合语境，故选C。
⑤根据上文Aplgize when necessary. Yu're nly human, and we all make mistakes. Maybe yu accidentally verstepped a bundary by making an ffensive jke r versharing when yu've been asked nt t.(必要时道歉。你只是凡人，我们都会犯错也许你不小心越过了界限，开了一个无礼的玩笑或者在别人要求你不要的情况下过度分享)以及后文Ask fr clarity if yu feel yu need it.(如果你觉得有必要，就问清楚)可知，上文提到了不小心越界，推测本句是在说明越界时的应对方法。故D选项当有人重申界限时，要谦虚地为你的错误道歉符合语境，故选D。
17．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。句意:那是去年9月底，马修斯正在为10天后在夏威夷举行的世界铁人锦标赛进行训练。
18．答案：C
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。句意:这位31岁的人说:事实上，这条街是我最喜欢的，但现在听起来很可笑。
19．答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。句意:她的队友不得不把发生的事情告诉她。
20．答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。句意:一开始，你只是直接站起来，开始四处走动，让我们相信你可以继续下去，一名队友回忆说。
21．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。句意:我什么都不记得了，马修斯笑着说。
22．答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。句意:实际上，你的车撞得如此完美，以至于撞了你脖子上最厚的骨头，队友继续说道。
23．答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。句意:在经历了这样一场灾难性的事件后，许多人会重新考虑自己的职业选择。
24．答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。句意:但马修斯显然不是一般人。
25．答案：C
解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。句意:在医院住了几天后，她坚持要出院，还是飞到了夏威夷。
26．答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。句意:马修斯为她的同伴们击败其他竞争者夺得金牌而欢呼，并梦想着她可能很快就会获得冠军。
27．答案：D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。句意:马修斯为她的同伴们击败其他竞争者夺得金牌而欢呼，并梦想着她可能很快就会获得冠军。
28．答案：C
解析：考查副词及语境理解。句意:尽管有一些问题，马修斯还是热切地等待着即将到来的高强度冬训。
29．答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。句意:她说得好像她正在从一个无关紧要的伤口中恢复过来。
30．答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。句意:事实上，她正在尝试的--她的复出---被专业铁人三项运动员组织拍成了纪录片--给很多观众留下了深刻的印象。
31．答案：D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。句意:任何旁观者都可能认为这件事足以让她退缩很长一段时间!
32．答案：①gained②prducts③Interestingly④imprted⑤r⑥resulting⑦t create⑧with⑨the⑩which
解析：①考查动词时态。句意:这种中国陶瓷品种在元代获得了全球声誉，并在接下来的几个世纪中成为蓬勃发展的海上丝绸之路上的国家标志性产品之一。空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语during the Yuan Dynasty可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填gained。
②考查名词复数。句意:这种中国陶瓷品种在元代获得了全球声誉，并在接下来的几个世纪中成为蓬勃发展的海上丝绸之路上的国家标志性产品之一。固定结构ne f the+可数名词复数，意为...的其中一个，prduct应用复数形式。故填prducts.
③考查副词。句意:有趣的是，它的起源和演变在很大程度上受到了外国材料和技术的影响。空处修饰整个句子，interesting的副词形式interestingly符合题意，意为有趣的是，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Interestingly。
④考查非谓语动词。句意:在早期阶段，它依赖于进口的钴涂料，即萨马拉蓝或苏门答腊蓝，这种涂料含有较高比例的二氧化铁，从而产生了独特的蓝色色调。空处是修饰cbalt paint的前置定语，imprt和cbalt paint逻辑上是被动关系，应用imprt的过去分词形式。故填imprted.
⑤考查连词。句意:在早期阶段，它依赖于进口的钴涂料，即萨马拉蓝或苏门答腊蓝，这种涂料含有较高比例的二氧化铁，从而产生了独特的蓝色色调。空处连接前后两个专有名词Samarra Blue和Sumatra Blue，两者之间是选择关系，应用表示“或，或者”的并列连词r。故填r。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意:在早期阶段，它依赖于进口的钴涂料，即萨马拉蓝或苏门答腊蓝，这种涂料含有较高比例的二氧化铁，从而产了独特的蓝色色调。句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用result的现在分词形式。故填resulting。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意:他们尝试将当地和进口的原材料混合在一起，创造出不仅符合而塑造了当时审美偏好的颜料。句子主干成分完整空处作句子的目的状语，表示为了…，应用create的不定式形式。故填t create。
⑧考查介词。句意:他们尝试将当地和进口的原材料混合在一起，创造出不仅符合而且塑造了当时审美偏好的颜料。根据in line和aesthetic preferences可知，此处应用固定短语in line with表示符合，与…….一致。故填with
⑨考查冠词。句意:随着工艺和技术的进步，清朝康熙年间(1662-1722)生产的青花瓷呈现出惊人的色调变化，这让人想起中国传统绘画中的五色。空处表示特指，指上文提到的工艺和技术，应用定冠词the。故填the。
⑩考查定语从句。句意:随着工艺和技术的进步，清朝康熙年间(1662-1722)生产的青花瓷呈现出惊人的色调变化，这让人想起中国传统绘画中的五色。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子作补充说明，应用关系代词which作引导词。在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故真which
33．答案：
Dear Lucia.
T prmte Chinese Hanfu culture, ur class held an activity in the city park last Saturday. I knw yu are interested in Hanfu s I am writing t share with yu the activity.
We all wre Hanfu utfits and tk ur schl bus t the city park in the mrning. In the park we demnstrated the etiquette f Hanfu, perfrmed dances f Tang Dynasty, and tk phts with passersby. Besides, we shwed Hanfu styles f different dynasties as well as the rich culture behind them.
With ur wrk, many peple gt t knw mre abut Hanfu. All f us felt excited and fulfilled at the end f the day. What a pity yu were nt with us!
Attached are sme activity phts. I really hpe yu’ll like them.
Yurs,
Li Hua
解析：1.词汇积累
举行:hld→hst
展示:shw→exhibit
比タ:besides-in additin
激动:excited→thrilled
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原:I knw yu are interested in Hanfu s I am writing t share with yu the activity.
拓展句:Since yu are interested in Hanfu, I am writing t share with yu the activity.
点晴:
【高分句型1】T prmte Chinese Hanfu culture, ur class held an activity in the city park last Saturday.(运用了不定式作目的状语)
【高分句型2】I knw yu are interested in Hanfu s I am writing t share with yu the activity.(运用了省路that的宾语从句)
34．答案：
Girls, lk at this picture, she annunced. We have a little artist amng us !She asked me t intrduce my drawing. Nervusly, I held up my drawing and began describing it, my vice filed with hesitatin. T my astnishment, as I finished speaking, the entire class erupted int warm applause. Miss Thmas, with a warm smile, wrapped her arms arund me in a tight hug and said t my classmates, “Let's all cngratulate ur little artist!, Tears welled up in my eyes nce again, but this time it was the utpuring f jy frm my deep heart.
Many f my classmates then came frward, shk my hands and smiled at me. Sme even hugged me tightly, making me quickly integrate int this warm family. At that time, I fund the wrld was far mre beautiful than I had imagined. Actually, my art was nthing extrardinary, but Miss Thmas brke the ice and planted unwavering cnfidence within me. I cntinued in the same schl right up t the 10th grade always with ur Sprts Miss as a guide, finishing ff as the best student in my class
解析：1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容：姑娘们，看看这张画，她宣布，可知，第一段可描写作者介绍自己的画以及得到祝贺。
②由第二段首句内容：然后我的许多同学走上前来和我握手，对我微笑。可知，第二段可描写作者得到了同学的认可，改善了人际关系。
2.续写线索:绘画被发现-鼓励同学来看--介绍绘画--得到认可--关系改善作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①完成:finish/accmplish
②)爆发:erupt int /burst int
③继续:cntinue t/g n
情绪类
①快乐:jy/happiness
②美丽:beautiful/grgeus
【高分句型1】T my astnishment, as I finished speaking, the entire class erupted int warm applause(运用了as引导时间状语从句)
【高分包型2】I cntinued in the same schl right up t the 10th grade, always with ur Sprts Miss as a guide, finishing ff as the best student in my class.(运用了现在分词作状语)
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