山东省聊城市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份山东省聊城市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试卷(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Experiencing culture
CHI’s Academic Year Prgram (AYP) is yur chance t study in America and spend either an academic year r a semester living with a vlunteer hst family.
The requirements fr studying in America
* High schl students wh are aged 15 t 18
* A scre f at least 212 n the ELTiS (English Language Test fr Internatinal Students) exam
Applicatin
Cntact a partner agency in yur cuntry r a nearby ne. We can als send yu a list f partners near yu. They will set yu up with an applicatin and let yu knw what yu need t submit in rder t be cnsidered.
Admissin and visa
Our Admissin Department reviews and accepts yur applicatin. We issue and send yur agency the Frm DS-2019, which is the fficial US Department f State dcument that allws yu t apply fr and receive yur J-1 visa. Once yu receive the DS-2019, yu can make yur visa appintment. When the visa is granted (授予), yu are set t travel t America.
Hmestay
Meanwhile, ur Field and Operatins staff wrk hard t find yu the perfect family and schl as sn as pssible! Once they find the right hst family fr yu, yu can start t get t knw yur hst family by email.
Depart t the US and meet yur family and friends
Yur agency will bk yur flight accrding t yur schl start date. When yu arrive, we will give yu a student rientatin (迎新会) and intrduce yu t ther exchange students and the surrunding cmmunity. When schl starts, yu will begin the prcess f cultural exchange.
Cntact us: 1-800-432-4643; 1-415-459-5397
Lcatin: 255 W End Avenue San Rafael, CA 94901
1．Wh can take part in this hmestay prject?
A. 15-year-ld high schl students with 210 n the ELTiS exam.
B. 17-year-ld high schl students with 213 n the ELTiS exam.
C. 20-year-ld cllege students with 220 n the ELTiS exam.
D. 18-year-ld cllege student with 218 n the ELTiS exam.
2．What shuld applicants d befre making a visa appintment?
A. Gain apprval frm their schl’s Admissin Department.
B. Get a letter f intrductin frm their teacher.
C. Cntact the hst family via email.
D. Fill and send the Frm DS-2019.
3．What awaits the students when they arrive in the US?
A. A student rientatin.
B. A party with their hst family.
C. A vlunteer activity in the cmmunity.
D. A meeting with the Field and Operatins staff.
Fr me, nthing is mre satisfying than discvering hidden gems (珍宝) in secndhand shps and estate sales. After all, ne persn’s trash is anther persn’s treasure.
Tw years ag, I came acrss a cllectin f lse, dusty phts. I thught: if these were mine, r my family’s, I’d want smene t return them t me. S I made it my gal t d s fr thers.
I’ve since visited estate sales and secndhand shps weekly, and have accumulated mre than 50,000 f these items. I rganize them in big bxes all ver my huse in New Yrk. Phtgraphs, hme mvies, undevelped films, pht albums --- yu name it, I’ve cllected it.
I’ve als set up a scial media accunt t help reunite items with their wners r ther family members. The quickest we’ve been able t find an wner is within tw minutes. Smene cmmented belw a pht I psted; "I think that’s my child’s preschl teacher." The lngest we’ve taken t find smene is fur mnths, but I’m prud that we still managed t d it. There are thusands f phts that have yet t be reunited. Withut scial media, this prject wuld nt be pssible.
Peple are ften quite emtinal when we get in tuch --- mst f these items are lst after a huse mve r a family death. Smetimes peple dnate a camera t a charity shp and frget t take the memry card ut.
I’d lve t create a building t hld all these memries. I want every pht and vide t be digitized s they can be preserved nline. I’m bringing tgether a team t return the phts t their wners. Peple get hked n the feel-gd stries that cme ut f this and I d, t.
4．What inspired the authr t start cllecting ld phts and vides?
A. His interest in secndhand bjects. B. Advice frm his family.
C. Sme phts he discvered. D. The business pprtunity he saw.
5．What d we knw abut the authr’s scial media accunt?
A. He sets it up t cllect mre items. B. He psts his wn phts and films.
C. It is fr peple t share their stries.D. It helps find the wners f the cllected items.
6．Hw d peple feel when the authr cntacts them?
A. Tuched.B. Relaxed.C. Hpeful. D. Calm.
7．What des the authr plan t d?
A. Wrk tgether with secndhand shps.B. Create a digital cpy f the phts.
C. Cllect mre stries behind the phts. D. Set up an fficial website fr his prject.
New research has fund caring fr grandchildren can make a difference t senirs. Publishing their findings in the jurnal Aging & Mental Health, a team f experts frm Germany and the U.K. reviewed data frm 28 studies which included 191, 652 adults frm 21 cuntries.
Peple aged 60 r abve wh cared fr their grandchildren fr an average f 12 hurs a week were 60% less likely t experience lneliness than nn-caregivers, ne f the reviewed studies fund, Five ther studies, ut f a ttal f seven, als prduced data shwing a negative cnnectin between lneliness and care-giving fr grandchildren. What’s mre, five ut f six reviewed studies fund senirs wh vlunteered in their cmmunities felt less lnely than thse wh didn’t.
"This is the first review f its kind t lk int the relatinship between care-giving, vlunteering, and lneliness in ld peple," c-authr Dr. Matthew Prina said. "Further research culd help find the best dse (剂量) f caring fr grandchildren. But valuing their unpaid activities will likely play an imprtant rle in their well-being. We als lked at studies that fcused n care-giving fr partners with serius health cnditins. In thse cases, senirs reprted having higher levels f lneliness. This kind f care-giving may bed a lnely experience when there is lack f supprt frm thers."
Experts further explained that when caring fr children, lder adults tend t be mre drawn int sciety, thrugh things like schl, play dates and ther scial events. Fr example, senirs can actively jin in different activities and cntinuusly learn things frm a yunger generatin.
While nt everyne has yung children in their life, vlunteering pprtunities als wrk. Nw ne grup called Eldera is bringing the tw cncepts tgether. It fcuses n cnnecting generatins by pairing experienced adults aged 60 r abve with children acrss the wrld. The wisdm f the elders, with years f experience, knwledge and cmmn sense, is the mst valuable resurce fr the yunger generatin. It can help them imagine a better future.
8．What did the new research find ut abut the elderly?
A. 60% senirs are less likely t suffer lneliness. B. Many f them are willing t be vlunteers.
C. Their mental health is related t their persnality. D. Caregiving and vlunteering can reduce lneliness.
9．What can we infer frm Dr. Matthew’s wrds in Paragraph 3?
A. The needs f the elderly are always placed secnd.
B. The elderly hardly get supprt frm their family members.
C. Respecting the ld’s cntributins is beneficial t their health.
D. It is a tugh jb fr the elderly t care fr their grandchildren.
10．What effect des caring fr grandchildren mainly have n the elderly?
A. It inspires them t understand the sciety. B. It helps them get mre scial pprtunities.
C. It enables them t imprve cmmn sense. D. It enhances their wrking ability.
11．What is the benefit f creating Eldera?
A. Prviding vlunteer pprtunities fr the yung.
B. Calling n peple t care mre abut the elderly.
C. Spreading the wisdm f the ld t the yung.
D. Teaching ld peple skills f caring fr children.
Spider webs are made frm silk. And silk is made frm smething scientists call "prteins". Prteins are special chemicals made by a living thing like an animal r a plant. Yu have lts f them in yur bdy. Yur hair and yur nails are made f prteins (they are bth made by a prtein called "keratin"). Insects and spiders make silk in a special part f their bdies called a gland (腺), and use their legs t pull it ut f their bdies. This is called spinning. Mst species f spider have mre than ne kind f silk gland. Each ne has different strength and stretchiness and is used fr a specific purpse such as web frame, r cvering eggs. The strength and stretchiness f silk depends n the way the spider’s bdy arranges the silk prteins.
We dn’t usually ntice just hw strng they can be because they are amazingly thin. But the strngest silk, such as silk frm a glden rb spider, is actually strnger than steel. Even mre amazing, it is abut 50 times as light. Actually, spider silk is a bit like a crss between steel and rubber. Even with the help f cmplicated machines and chemicals, humans still dn’t knw hw t make a material this strng, stretchy, and light. Spiders are still the champins at this.
In fact, silk-making animals include crickets, glw-wrms, ants, bees, etc. Sme f these make silk t prtect themselves. Crickets, fr example, use silk t sew leaves tgether t build a nest. Sme use silk fr hunting, such as spiders and even glw-wrms, which use sticky silk t capture flying animals they’d like t eat.
Studies abut spider webs culd pave the way fr creating new materials that culd be used in medicine and engineering. But synthetic (人工合成的) spider silk has been difficult t create. In the meantime, researchers hpe their wrk will help us unreel ne f the tughest materials f the natural wrld.
12．What can we learn frm paragraph 1?
A. Insects and spiders’ legs can make silk.
B. Spider webs are made f keratin.
C. All species f spiders have a variety f silk glands.
D. Arrangements f prteins determine silk features.
13．Why is steel mentined in paragraph 2?
A. T stress the strength f spider silk.B. T describe the advantages f spiders.
C. T cmpare the tw materials. D. T highlight spiders’ advantages ver peple.
14．Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd in paragraph 4?
A. Remve. B. Explre. C. Test. D. Replace.
15．What is the writing purpse f the passage?
A. T raise awareness f the research n insects. B. T explain the knwledge abut spider silk.
C. T encurage us t fcus mre n the spiders. D. T present the applicatin f spider silk.
二、七选五
16．The fear f making the wrng decisin, r decidphbia (选择恐惧症), can influence peple even when it cmes t the smallest chices, such as what t have fr lunch. ①________Belw are several tips t vercme it and help yu prgress in life.
Try the Decisin-Making Quadrant (象限)
A gd tl fr decisin-making is the Decisin-Making Quadrant. In relatin t the decisin t be made, list answers t these fur questins: What happens if X happens? What wn’t happen if X happens? What happens if X desn’t happen? What wn’t happen if X desn’t happen? ②________
Reduce the number f decisins
If making decisins is a weakness, it’s imprtant t admit that and reduce decisin-making in as many areas as pssible. Eat set meals. Wear standard utfits. ③________ D everything else yu can t reduce decisins. Then, cnsider practicing making decisins with smene wh is mre decisive.
Take it ne step at a time
Change can be hard. Nt everyne likes t be different frm rutine by making decisins, big r small. When making a decisin, lk at it as a learning experience. ④________Dn’t be afraid f the result. Lk frward t it.
See things frm a different perspective
When decisin paralysis (决策瘫痪) has taken ver and"what ifs"are hlding yu dwn, smetimes yu need t step utside f yurself fr a different perspective. ⑤________Ask yurself, "What wuld he r she d?" and let it be yur guide.
A. Think abut smene yu trust and respect.
B. Develp a mrning, wrk, and evening rutine.
C. Create an actin list with decisin deadlines and stick t it.
D. Yur decisin will almst always be fund in yur answers.
E. Every chice yu make teaches yu smething.
F. It can keep yu stuck in place when yu shuld be mving frward.
G. If decisin-making is difficult fr yu, first take a lk at ptential chices and results.
三、完形填空（15空）
Masak Wakamiya, a native f Kanagawa, Japan, saw a need in her cmmunity. There were n gd mbile apps fr peple f her 1 . S at 81, she lked arund and said 2 , "I’ll d it myself!" Her stry 3 us all that we’re never t ld t try smething 4 .
We ften think f cding (编码) as 5 -- at least I knw I d. But Masak had a different 6 -- she thught it culd be 7 . Cding can take a few mnths t multiple years t 8 , depending n hw cmplicated yur end gals are, the type f wrk yu want t d and hw lng yu 9 n it every week.
Masak never used a cmputer until she was 58 years ld. Having n 10 with technlgy, she riginally asked sme yunger app 11 t make smething fr her. But when they said that they didn’t knw what senirs 12 in an app, she tk matters int her wn hands.
That day, her app stry was brn. Masak made it her 13 t help senir citizens get engaged with technlgy s they can stay 14 and lead mre fulfilling lives, 15 the islatin that ften cmes with aging.
17．A. ageB. genderC. characterD. status
18．A. sadlyB. shylyC. angrilyD. firmly
19．A. warnsB. teachesC. guaranteesD. infrms
20．A. magicB. basicC. availableD. new
21．A. cmplexB. specialC. accurateD. autmatic
22．A. aspectB. aimC. viewD. way
23．A. painfulB. funC. bringD. perfect
24．A. arrangeB. cntrlC. analyzeD. learn
25．A. passB. wasteC. spendD. save
26．A. cmmunicatinB. cmbinatinC. experienceD. patience
27．A. develpersB. usersC. applicantsD. sellers
28．A. discveredB. dwnladedC. stredD. wanted
29．A. permissinB. missinC. freedmD. agreement
30．A. devtedB. cnsciusC. cnnectedD. independent
31．A. preventingB. causingC. sufferingD. leading
四、短文填空
32．Yangge is a type f flk dance ①________ riginated in the nrthern regins f China. It is very ppular especially amng the lder generatin, as they will ②________ (ready) jin a yangge dance even when the perfrmance is happening.
The dance is different frm ther Chinese dances in many ways. Fr instance, it prmtes a sense f ③________ (happy), because it is suppsed ④________ (celebrate) happy ccasins, as ppsed t classical Chinese dancing, which requires an air f serius, gradual mvements.
It is said that the rigins f this ⑤________ (wnder) dance are frm the Han Dynasty in nrthern China, ⑥________ it reached its peak during the Qing Dynasty. During this time, it was n lnger a dance ⑦________ (perfrm) during harvests, but it extended t all festival celebratins.
The dance has fur reginal varieties. Each variety ⑧________ (have) its unique characters and they are quite easy t tell apart. But they share the cmmn three parts: the dancers, the music band, and the leader. Yangge was always ⑨________essential part f daily Chinese life that adapted t the times it was in. Yangge has made it int a well-preserved aspect f the culture that still hlds strng t this day, even ⑩________ (becme) a part f required curses fr Chinese dance students t learn.
五、书面表达
33．假如你是李华, 你校新开设了一门太极拳 (tai chi) 选修课, 你想邀请你班的交换生Jack和你一起报名参加, 请写封邮件向他推荐这门课程, 内容包括:
1. 推荐理由;
2. 课程简介;
3. 期待回复。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
After dinner, Mrs. Quimby tld the family that Grandma, wh lived n a farm, had sent in a lt f pumpkins fr jack-'-lanterns (空心南瓜灯) fr the neighbrhd children. There was ne in the basement waiting t be carved, she added. Ramna sprang t her feet and dashed dwn t bring it up, but it was t heavy fr a secnd-grader. Finally Mr. Quimby gave a hand.
"Let's make it smile like last year,” exclaimed Ramna.
“Hmm. Let's see."Mr. Quimby studied the pumpkin, turning it t find the best side fr the face. With a pencil he sketched (素描) a nse-shaped nse, nt a triangle. Then the muth turned up n bth sides. “smiling!” Ramna clapped her hands.
Mr. Quimby ndded with a smile, cut a circle arund the tp f the pumpkin and lifted it ff fr a lid. Withut being asked, Ramna fund a big spn fr scping ut the seeds. Picky-picky, the Quimbys' shabby ld cat, came int the kitchen t see if smething had been put in his dish. When he fund that it had nt, he paused, sniffed the pumpkin smell and angrily walked ut with his tail twitching.
Mr. Quimby began t whistle as he carved with skill and care, first a muthful f teeth, each ne neat and square, then eyes and eyebrws. He was wrking n tw ears shaped like questin marks when Mrs. Quimby annunced it was bedtime fr Ramna. Unwillingly Ramna ran, tk a shwer and quickly returned. Nw, Mr. Quimby had just carved a few C-shaped curls (卷发) arund the hle in the tp f the pumpkin. He reached inside and dug a candle hlder in the bttm.
“There,” he said, putting dwn his knife. “A wrk f art." Mrs. Quimby fund a candle stub (残根), inserted it in the pumpkin, lit it and set the lid in place. Ramna turned ff the light. The jack-'-lantern was smiling with a flickering flame. “Ww!” Ramna threw her arms arund her father befre ging t bed with great satisfactin.
注意:
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语;
3.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;
4.续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
In the middle f the night Ramna awke t a nise.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
On the table their jack-'-lantern n lnger had a whle face.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据“The requirements fr studying in America”部分的“High schl students wh are aged 15 t 18(15至18岁的高中生)”以及“A scre f at least 212 n the ELTiS (English Language Test fr Internatinal Students) exam(ELTiS（国际学生英语语言测试）考试成绩至少212分)”可知国际学生英语语言测试考试成绩在212分以上的15至18岁的高中生有资格参与项目，故选B项。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据“Admissin and visa”部分的“We issue and send yur agency the Frm DS-2019, which is the fficial US Department f State dcument that allws yu t apply fr and receive yur J-1 visa. Once yu receive the DS-2019, yu can make yur visa appintment(我们向您的代理机构发布并发送DS-2019表格，这是美国国务院的官方文件，允许您申请和接收J-1签证。一旦您收到DS-2019，您就可以预约签证)”可知，在申请预约签证之前，应填写并邮寄DS-2019表格，故选D项。
3．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据“Depart t the US and meet yur family and friends”部分的“When yu arrive, we will give yu a student rientatin(迎新会)and intrduce yu t ther exchange students and the surrunding cmmunity.(当你到达时，我们将为组织一场学生迎新会，并将你介绍给其他交换生和周围的社区)”可知，当学生到达美国的时候，等待他们的是一场学生迎新会，故选A项。
4．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段Twyearsag,Ica meacrss a cllectinflse,dustyphts.Ithught:iftheseweremine,rmyfamily's,I'dwantsm enetreturnthemtme.S I madeitmygaltdsf rthers.（两年前，我偶然发现了一组松散、布满灰尘的照片。我想：如果这些是我的，或者是我家人的，我会希望有人把它们还给我。所以我把为别人做这件事作为我的目标。）可知作者发现的一些照片促使作者开始收集老照片和视频。故选C。
5．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段I'vealssetupascialmediaaccuntthelpreuniteitemswiththeirwners rtherfamilymembers.（我还建立了一个社交媒体账户，帮助物品与失主或其他家庭成员团聚。）Withutscialmedia,thisprjectwuldntbepssible.（没有社交媒体，这个项目是不可能的。）可知作者的社交账号有帮着找到被收集物品的主人。故选D。
6．答案：A
解析：观点态度题。根据倒数第二段Peplearefte nquiteemtinalwhenwegetintuch--mstfthesei temsarelstafter a husemver a familydeath.S metimespeplednate a camerat a charityshpa ndfrgetttakethememrycardut（当我们与他们取得联系时，他们通常都很感动-这些物品大多是在搬家或家人去世后丢失的。有时人们把相机捐给慈善商店，却忘了取出存储卡。）可知当作者联系这些人的时候人们非常感动。A.Tuched感动的； B.Relaxed放松的；C.Hpeful有希望的；D.Calm冷静的。故选A。
7．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段I'dlvetcreate a buildingthldallthesememries.Iwanteveryphtandvidetbedigitizedstheycanbepreservednline.I'mbringingtgetherateamtreturnthephtstth eirwners.Peplegethkednthefeel-gdstriest hatcmeutfthisand I d,t.（我想建造一座建筑来保存所有这些回忆。我希望每一张照片和视频都能数字化，这样就能保存在网上。我正在召集一个团队把照片还给它们的主人。人们被由此产生的感觉良好的故事所吸引，我也一样。）可知作者计划将这些照片进行数字化处理，创建一个数字副本以便保存在网上。故选B。
8．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二"Peple aged 60 r abve wh cared fr their grandchildren fr an average f 12 hurs a week were 60%less likely t experience lneliness than nn-caregivers,ne f the reviewed studies fund,Five ther studies,ut f a ttal f seven,als prduced data shwing a negative cnnectin between lneliness and care-giving fr grandchildren.What's mre, five ut f six reviewed studies fund senirs wh vlunteered in their cmmunities felt less lnely than thse wh didn't.（其中一项研究发现，60岁或以上的老人每周平均花12个小时照顾孙子孙女，比不照顾孙子孙女的人感到孤独的可能性要低60%。在总共7项研究中，还有5项研究也得出了数据，显示孤独和照顾孙子孙女之间存在负相关。更重要的是，六项研究中有五项发现，在社区做志愿者的老年人比那些没有做志愿者的老年人感到更少的孤独）可知，照顾孙辈以及做志愿者服务的老年人比不这样做的人更少感到孤独，即，对于老年人来说，照顾他人和做志愿者可以减少孤独感。故选D。
9．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三"Further research culd help find the best dse f caring fr grandchildren.But valuing their unpaid activities will likely play an imprtant rle in their well-.being.（进一步的研究可以帮助找到照顾孙辈的最佳剂量。但重视他们的无偿活动可能会在他们的幸福感中发挥重要作用）可知，尊重老人的无偿贡献有利于他们的健康。故选C。
10．答案：B
解析细节理解题。根据文章第四"Experts further explained that when caring fr children,lder adults tend t be mre drawn int sciety,thrugh things like schl, play dates and ther scial events.Fr example,senirs can actively jin in different activities and cntinuusly learn things frm a yunger generatin..（专家进一步解释说，在照顾孩子时，老年人往往更容易被社会所吸引，比如通过学校、游戏约会和其他社会活动。例如，老年人可以积极参加不同的活动，不断向年轻一代学习）可知，照顾孩子时，老年人可以积极参加不同的活动，即，可以拥有更多参与社会活动的机会。故选B。
11．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一"Nw ne grup called Eldera is bringing the tw cncepts tgether.It fcuses n cnnecting generatins by pairing experienced adults aged 60 r abve with children acrss the wrld.The wisdm f the elders,with years f experience,knwledge and cmmn sense,is the mst valuable resurce fr the yunger generatin.It can help them imagine a better future.（现在，一个名为Eldera的组织正在将这两个概念结合起来。它的重点是通过将60岁或以上的有经验的成年人与世界各地的孩子配对来连接几代人。长者的智慧，加上多年的经验、知识和常识，是年轻一代最宝贵的资源。它可以帮助他们想象一个更美好的未来）可知，这个叫Eldera的组织将60岁或以上的有经验的成年人与世界各地的孩子进行配对，而长者的智慧，加上多年的经验、知识和常识，是年轻一代最宝贵的资源。由此可知，该组织可以帮助把老人的智慧传授给年轻人。故选C。
12．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段The strength and stretchiness f silk depends n the way the spider s bdy arranges the silk prteins.蛛丝的强度和弹性取决于蜘蛛身体排列丝蛋白的方式。可知，蜘蛛身体内蛋白质的排列决定了蛛丝的强度和弹性。故正确答案为D。
13．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段But the strngest silk,such as silk frm a glden rb spider,is actualy strnger than steel..但是最坚硬的蛛丝，比如金球蜘蛛的蛛丝，实际上比钢还要坚硬。可知，第二段提到钢的目的是强调蜘蛛丝的强度。故正确答案为A。
14．答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据划线单词前Studies abut spider webs culd pave the way fr creating new materials that culd be used in medicine and engineering.对蜘蛛网的研究可以为创造可用于医学和工程的新材料铺平道路。但是合成蜘蛛丝很难制造。和researchers hpe their wrk will help us研究人员希望他们的工作能帮助我们。以及划线单词后的ne f the tughest materials f the natural wrld自然界中最坚硬的材料之一。可知，对蜘蛛网的研究很有益处，因此研究人员希望自己的工作能够探秘自然界最坚硬的材料。unreel意为“探索、探秘”，与B选项意思相近。故正确答案为B。
15．答案：B
解析：写作意图题。根据文章第一段Mst species f spider have mre than ne kind f silkgland.Each ne has different strength and stretchiness and is used fr a specific purpse such as webframe,r cvering eggs.The strength and stretchiness f silk depends n the way the spider's bdy arranges the silk prteins.大多数种类的蜘蛛都有不止一种丝腺。每一种都有不同的强度和弹性，用于特定的蜘蛛身体排列丝蛋白的方式。和第二段we dn't usually ntice just hw strng they can be because they are amazingly thin.But the strngest silk,such as silk frm a glden rb spider,is actually strnger than steel.Even mre amazing,it is abut 50 times as light.我们通常不会注意到它们有多强壮，因为它们非常薄。但是最坚硬的蛛丝，比如金球蜘蛛的蛛丝，实际上比钢还要坚硬。更神奇的是，它的亮度是地球的50倍。l以及最后一段Studies abut spider webs culd pave the way fr creating new materials that culd be used in medicine and engineering.But synthetic（人工合成的）spider silk has been difficult t create.对蜘蛛网的研究可以为创造可用于医学和工程的新材料铺平道路。但是合成蜘蛛丝一直很难制造出来。可知，文章主要解释了些关于蜘蛛丝的知识，蛛丝的性质以及用处等等。由此可知，作者写作本文的目的是介绍蜘蛛丝的相关知识。故正确答案为B。
16．答案：①-⑤FDBEA
解析：
①根据The fear f making the wrng decisin,r decidphbia（选择恐惧症），can influence peple even when it cmes t the smallest chices,such as what t have fr lunch.对做出错误决定的恐惧，或“选择恐惧症”，甚至会影响到人们在最小的选择上，比如午餐吃什么。可知，上文主要介绍了选择恐惧症的危害。选项F“It can keep yu stuck in place when yu shuld be mving frward.当你应该前进的时候，它会让你停滞不前。”延续上文内容，指的都是选择恐惧症的危害。故正确答案为F。
②根据In relatin t the decisin t be made,list a nswers t these fur questins:What happens if X happens？What wn't happen if X happens？What happens if X desn't happen？What wn't happen if X desn't happen？关于要做的决定，列出以下四个问题的答案：如果X发生了会发生什么？如果X发生，什么不会发生？如果X不发生会怎样？如果X不发生，什么不会发生？可知，在做出决定前我们可以问问自己这四个问题。选项D"Yur decisin will almst always be fund in yur answers.你的决定几乎总是在你的答案中找到。”指的是当你回答了四个问题之后，你就可以做出正确的决定。故正确答案为D。
③If making decisins is a weakness,it's imprtant t admit that and reduce decisin-making in as many areas as pssible.Eat set meals.Wear standard utfits.如果做决定是一个弱点，那么承认这一点并在尽可能多的领域减少决策是很重要的。吃固定餐。穿标准的服装。可知，上文建议减少需要做出决定的可能性。选项B“Develp a mrning, wrk,and evening rutine.养成早上、上班和晚上的固定做法。”与上文内容一致，指的都是形成惯例，减少做出决定。故正确答案为B。
④根据When making a decisin,lk at it as a learning experience.做决定的时候，把它看作是一次学习的经历。可知，作者认为每一次做决定都是一次学习的经历。选项E“Every chice yu make teaches yu smething.你所做的每一个选择都会教会你一些东西。”是上文内容的延续，与上文内容一致，指的都是每做一次决定都可以从中学习一些东西。故正确答案为E。
⑤根据Ask yurself，，"What wuld he r she d？"and let it be yur guide.问自己：“他或她会怎么做？”让它成为你的向导。可知，作者建议当自己难以做出决定的时候，可以问问自己，“他或她”会怎样做，并让内心的答案成为自己的向导。所以这个所谓的“他或他”应该是自己所崇拜的人。选项A“Think abut smene yu trust and respect..想想你信任和尊重的人。"中的“smene”与下文的“he r she”一致。故正确答案为A。
17．答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.age年龄；B.gender性别；C.character'性格；D.status地位。句意：对于她这个年龄的人来说，没有好的移动应用程序。根据下文"But when they said that they didn't knw what senirs （12）in an app,she tk matters in t her wn hands."可知，她的意思是没有适合她这个年龄的人所需要的应用程序。故选A。
18．答案：D
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.sadly悲伤地；B.shyly害羞地；C.angrily愤怒地；D.firmly坚定地。句意：81岁时，她环顾四周，坚定地说："我自己来！"根据下文.ll d it myself！'"以及下文她自己开发软件可知，她是很坚定地说出这句话。故选D。
19．答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.warns警告；B.teac hes教授；C.guarantees保证；D.infrms通知。句意：她的故事告诉我们，我们永远不会老到不能尝试新事物。根据空后"we're never t ld t try s mething（4）。"可知，这是她的故事给我们的启迪所以是她的故事教给我们的。故选B。
20．答案：D
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.magic有魔力的； B.basic基本的；C.available可利用的；D.new新的。句意：她的故事告诉我们，我们永远不会老到不能尝试新事物。根据下文"Having n（10）withte chnlgy,she riginally asked sme yunger app（11）t make smething fr her.."可知，她是勇于尝试新事物。故选D。
21．答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.cmplex复杂的； B.special特别额；C.accurate准确的；D.autmatic自动的。句意：我们经常认为编码是复杂的一一至少我知道我是这样认为的。根据常理可知，编程是复杂的。故选A。
22．答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.aspect.方面；B.aim目的；C.view观点；D.way方式。句意：但雅子有不同的看法一一她认为这可能很有趣。根据下文"he thught it culd be（7）。"可知，这是她的想法。故选C。
23．答案：B
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.painful痛苦的；B fun有趣的；C.bring无聊的；D.perfect完美的。句意：但雅子有不同的看法一一她认为这可能很有趣。根据句首的"but"可知，雅子有不同的看法。由此推断，她应该认为编程有意思。故选B。
24．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.arrange安排；B.cntrl控制；C.analyze分析；D.learn学习。句意：编码可能需要几个月到几年的时间来学习，这取决于你的最终目标有多复杂，你想做的工作类型以及你每周花在这上面的时间。根据下文"she tk matters int her wn hands."可知，她决定自己动手开发程序，由此可知，这里指的是编程的学习。故选D
25．答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.pass通过；B.waste浪费；C.spend花费；D.save挽救。句意：编码可能需要几个月到几年的时间来学习，这取决于你的
最终目标有多复杂，你想做的工作类型以及你每周花在这上面的时间。考查短语：spend.n sth，意为"花费。做某事"。故选C。
26．答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.cmmunicatin交流；B.cmbinatin：结合；C.experience经历，经验；D.patiencei耐心。句意：由于没有技术经验，她最初让一些年轻的应用程序开发人员为她做一些东西。根据下"she riginally asked sme yunger app（11）t make smething fr her.."可知，雅子最初对此毫无经验，只能让程序开发员替自己做些东西。故选C。
27．答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.develpers开发者B.users1使用者；C.applicants申请者；D.sellers销售者。句意：由于没有技术经验，她最初让一些年轻的应用程序开发人员为她做一些东西。根据空后的"t make smething fr her.."可知，空处指的是程序开发人员。故选A。
28．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.discvered.发现； B.dwnladed下载；C.stred存储；D.wanted想要。句意：但当他们说不知道老年人想要什么样的应用程序时，她自己动手解决了这个问题。根据上X"Masak Wakamiya,a native f Kanagawa,Japan,saw a need in her cmmunity.There were n gd mbile apps fr peple f her（（1）"可知，空处指的是老年人想要的应用程序。故选D。
29．答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.permissin允许； B.missin任务，使命；C.freedm自由；D.agreement协议。句意：雅子把帮助老年人接触科技作为自己的使命，这样他们就可以保持联系，过上更充实的生活，防止老年人经常感到孤独。根据全文内容以及"she tk matters int her wn hands."可知，雅子把为老年人开发应用程序视作自己的使命。
故选B。
30．答案：C
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.devted全心全意的；B.cnscius有意识的；C.cnnected相关的，保持联系的；D.independent？独立的。句意：雅子把帮助老年人接触科技作为自己的使命，这样他们就可以保持联系，过上更充实的生活，防止老年人经常感到孤独。根据常理可知，科技让我们连接在一起。故选C。
31．答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.preventing防止； B.causing导致；C.suffering遭罪；D.leading引导。句意：雅子把帮助老年人接触科技作为自己的使命，这样他们就可以保持联系，过上更充实的生活防止老年人经常感到孤独。根据上文可知，科技让老年人保持联系，那么自然就会防止老年人感到孤独。故选A。
32．答案：that/which；readily；t celebrate； happiness；wnderful；and；perfrmed/perfrmance；has；an；becming
解析：
①本题主要考查定语从句。句意：秧歌是一种民间舞蹈，起源于中国北方地区。此处为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“a type f flk dance”，在定语从句中担当主语，应用which或that。故正确答案为that/which。
②本题主要考查副词。句意：它非常受欢迎，特别是在老一辈中，因为他们会很乐意加入一个秧歌，即使在表演进行中。此处应用副词修饰动词jin。
故正确答案为readily.。
③本题主要考查名词。句意：例如，它促进了一种幸福感，因为它应该庆祝快乐的时刻，而中国古典舞则需要一种严肃、缓慢的动作。a sense f happiness意为“幸福感”。故正确答案为happiness。.
④本题主要考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，它促进了一种幸福感，因为它应该庆祝快乐的时刻，而中国古典舞则需要一种严肃、缓慢的动作。be suppsed t d sth.意为“应该做某事”，此处应用动词不定式。故正确答案为t celebrate.。
⑤本题主要考查形容词。句意：据说，这种美妙的舞蹈起源于中国北方的汉代，并在清代达到了顶峰。此处应用形容词修饰名词dance,wnderful意为“美妙的”。故正确答案为wnderful。.
⑥本题主要考查连词。句意：据说，这种美妙的舞蹈起源于中国北方的汉代，并在清代达到了顶峰。根据句意可知，空格前后之间为并列关系，应用and。故正确答案为and。
⑦本题主要考查非谓语动词或名词。句意：在此期间，它不再是在收获时表演的舞蹈，而是扩展到所有节日庆祝活动中。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，和被修饰词dance之间存在被动关系，应用过去分词；本句也可用名词短语a dance perfrmance，意为“舞蹈表演”。故正确答案为perfrmed/perfrmance。
⑧本题主要考查动词。句意：每个种类都有其独特的特点，很容易区分。此处是本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为each variety，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故正确答案为has。
⑨本题主要考查冠词。句意：秧歌一直是中国人日常生活的重要组成部分，它与所处的时代相适应。此处修饰可数名词单数，part表示泛指，应用不定冠词；essential是以元音音素开头的单词，应用a n。故正确答案为an。
⑩本题主要考查非谓语动词。句意：秧歌已经成为中国文化中保存完好的一个方面，直到今天仍然很强大，甚至成为中国舞蹈学生必修课的一部分。
此处应用非谓语动词作状语，和主句主语Yangge之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故正确答案为becming.
33．答案：
One pssible versin:
Dear Jack,
I hpe this email finds yu well. I’m writing t recmmend a new elective curse that ur schl has recently intrduced --- tai chi.
Tai chi is a traditinal Chinese martial art that has been practiced fr centuries. It is nt nly a frm f self-defense but als a gentle exercise that can help imprve ne’s balance, flexibility, and verall well-being. Mrever, tai chi can help reduce stress and anxiety.
The tai chi curse at ur schl is designed fr beginners, s yu dn’t need t have any prir experience. In the class, yu will learn the basic mvements and principles f tai chi. The curse als includes sme gentle warm-up exercises t help yu relax and fcus.
If yu’re interested in this curse, please let me knw. I can send yu mre details. Lking frward t hearing frm yu sn.
Yurs,
Li Hua
34．答案：
In the middle f the night, Ramna awke t a nise. Ramna turned n the light and jumped ut f bed angrily. It turned ut that the cat accidentally bumped the jack-’-lantern t the flr while catching mice. It was brken. Lking at her belved jack--lantern lying n the flr, the candle in it went ut, Ramna began t cry. Mr. Quimby was als wken up, gt up t cmfrt Ramna and helped her take the jack-’-lantern t the table.
On the table their jack-’-lantern n lnger had a whle face. Ramna cntinued t cry, and dad decided t carve the pumpkin again. He picked up the knife and carved alng the in cmplete face f the pumpkin. The incmplete face became funnier, and the lantern laughed mre brightly. Dad said, “Ramna, dn't cry. Lk at yur pumpkin lantern. It’s alive again.” Ramna dried her tears and smiled with greater satisfactin.
解析：
本文以南瓜灯为线索展开,讲述了住在农场的奶奶送来南瓜可以做南瓜灯,爸爸Mr. Quimby帮助女儿,精心雕刻南瓜灯,女儿Ramna非常满意。结果晚上半夜南瓜灯被猫撞到地板上,Ramna非常伤心。爸爸重塑南瓜灯,让女儿重新欢乐起来的故事。【详解】1.段落续写:①由第一段首句内容“半夜里,Ramna被一声吵醒了。”可知,第一段可描写猫把南瓜灯撞到地上,南瓜灯坏了,Ramna很伤心。②由第二段首句内容“在桌子上,他们的南瓜灯不再是一张完整的脸了。”可知,第二段可描写爸爸重塑南瓜灯,Ramna重新欢乐起来。2.续写线索:摔坏——伤心——重塑——欢乐3.词汇激活行为类①摔坏: bump sth t the flr brken/ fall/drp t the grund and becme damaged②重塑:remdel /carve again情绪类①伤心:sad /upset/heart-brken②欢乐:be happy/feel pleased/ with greater satisfactin【点睛】[高分句型1]. It turned ut that the cat accidentally bumped the jack-’-lantern t the flr while catching mice. (that引导的名词性从句、while引导的时间状语从句的省略)[高分句型2]. Lking at her belved jack--lantern lying n the flr, the candle in it went ut, Ramna began t cry. (现在分词作状语)