Unit 3 Conservation Section Ⅳ Grammar同步练习-2024-2025学年高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修一

这是一份Unit 3 Conservation Section Ⅳ Grammar同步练习-2024-2025学年高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修一，共5页。

Section Ⅳ　Grammar一、用适当的引导词或介词填空1.Light is the fastest thing in the world,the speed 　　　　　which is about 300,000 kilometres per second. 2.We wrote a letter to our father,telling him all the things 　　　　　 we wanted. 3.He came out of the spaceship,smiling and waving to the crowds 　　　　　　were waiting for him. 4.The two brothers were satisfied with this decision,　　　　　　　  was agreed beforehand. 5.When deeply absorbed in work,　　　　　 he often was,he would forget all about eating and sleeping. 二、把下列句子改写成含非限制性定语从句的复合句1.My father works in the post office.He likes listening to classical music.                                                                                                                                                     2.About 2,000 people worked on the project.Many of them were Europeans.                                                                                                                                                     3.In his office there are nine clerks.The youngest of them is Mr Wang.                                                                                                                                                     4.I wish to thank Professor Smith.Without his help I would never pass the exam.                                                                                                                                                     三、阅读理解 ABy the end of the century,if not sooner,the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate,according to a new study.At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton.Because of the way light reflects off the organisms,these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface.Ocean colour varies from green to blue,depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas,while reducing it in other spots,leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface,where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)into the ocean while giving off oxygen.When these organisms die,they bury carbon in the deep ocean,an important process that helps to regulate the global climate.But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend.Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth,since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.Stephanie Dutkiewicz,a scientist in MIT’s Centre for Global Change Science,built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century.In a world that warms up by 3℃,it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer.But in some waters,such as those of the Arctic,warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton,and these areas will turn greener.“Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing,”she said,“but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”And why does that matter?Phytoplankton are the base of the food web.If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean,Dutkiewicz said,“it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.”Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable,but they could mean significant changes.“It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,”Dutkiewicz said,“but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”1.What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?A.The various patterns at the ocean surface.B.The cause of the changes in ocean colour.C.The way light reflects off marine organisms.D.The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.2.What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Sensitive.　　　B.Beneficial.C.Significant. D.Unnoticeable.3.What can we learn from the passage?A.Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.B.Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes.C.Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.D.Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.4.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.B.To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.C.To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.D.To introduce a new method of studying phytoplankton.BAs energy costs rise across Europe,some people are taking an opportunity to head off to warmer climates in order to cut down on bills.Greece is one of a number of countries trying to draw visitors in for the winter—with a $20 million advertising campaign.Famous for its sun,golden beaches and medieval city,the island of Rhodes in the south Aegean Sea is a magnet(有吸引力的地方) for northern Europeans.More than three million flock to the island every summer,but some also come in the winter.In order to capitalise on the energy crisis,the Greek government launched a series of winter tourism campaigns aimed at attracting European visitors seeking an alternative to the bitter cold and high energy bills.Places like Santorini,Crete and Rhodes were high on the list,as temperatures there remain in the high teens.However,the campaign to advertise Greece abroad hasn’t attracted as many visitors as expected.“The campaign from the ministry is in the right direction—I think they’re doing things right,”says Dionissis Tsiligiris,tourism marketing director for the Rodos Palace hotel and convention centre in Rhodes.“But when it comes to winter tourism,Spain will always be the first choice,”Tsiligiris continues.Hotels and tour operators there just have more exposure.So competing for winter tourism is very difficult,as it’s a smaller market.While it’s true that fewer people travel abroad than in the summer,entering the winter market could seem quite easy when you have the two key ingredients—almost guaranteed sun and well-established tourist facilities.But what’s making it difficult,according to Ashley Quint,senior holiday designer at a UK travel agency,is the message the government is sending.“Tourist boards and local governments can over-complicate things sometimes and the message doesn’t necessarily come across.In this case,there needs to be a simple and clear message.In addition,broadening it out a little bit may be better,because we see very little here.”It seems that making Greece a winter destination for travellers to enjoy and save might need more than just the attraction of warmer weather.5.Why do some Europeans go to warmer countries for winter?A.To avoid energy expense.B.To decrease the heating fee.C.To enjoy sunshine and beaches.D.To explore winter travel options.6.What mainly results in the disappointing result of Greece’s campaign?A.Ministry’s poor marketing.B.Operator’s limited exposure.C.Tourists’ common preference.D.Government’s inappropriate policies.7.What should Greece’s campaign focus on according to Ashley Quint?A.Sending the message globally.B.Getting ideas easily understood.C.Beating the potential competitors.D.Advertising key tourist resources.8.What might be the best title for the passage?A.Greece Ready to Take Winter Tourist MarketB.Greece Confident to Win the Tourism CampaignC.Greece Eager to Draw Winter Tourists to the SunD.Greece Determined to Be a Winter Tourist Destination答案：一、1.of　2.that　3.who/that　4.which　5.as 二、1.My father,who likes listening to classical music,works in the post office.2.About 2,000 people,many of whom were Europeans,worked on the project.3.In his office there are nine clerks,the youngest of whom is Mr Wang.4.I wish to thank Professor Smith,without whose help I would never pass the exam.三、1.B　主旨大意题。根据文章前两段的内容可知,这两段主要介绍了海洋颜色发生变化的原因。故选B项。2.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth”可知,浮游生物容易受到气候变暖的影响,所以vulnerable的含义与sensitive最为接近。故选A项。3.D　细节理解题。根据第四段的“But in some waters...,warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener.”可知,在某些海域,气候变暖给浮游生物提供了更成熟的条件,而这些水域将会变得更绿。故选D项。4.C　写作意图题。通读文章的第一段以及最后一段的内容可知,作者写这篇文章的主要目的是解释气候变化对海洋的影响。故选C项。5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中“As energy costs rise across Europe,some people are taking an opportunity to head off to warmer climates in order to cut down on bills.”可知,一些欧洲人去温暖的国家过冬是为了减少取暖费。故选B项。6.C　推理判断题。根据第四段中“However,the campaign to advertise Greece abroad hasn’t attracted as many visitors as expected...‘But when it comes to winter tourism,Spain will always be the first choice,’Tsiligiris continues.”可推知,游客的共同偏好是导致希腊宣传活动令人失望的主要原因,故选C项。7.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But what’s making it difficult,according to Ashley Quint,senior holiday designer at a UK travel agency,is the message the government is sending.‘Tourist boards and local governments can over-complicate things sometimes and the message doesn’t necessarily come across.In this case,there needs to be a simple and clear message.’”可知,Ashley Quint认为希腊宣传活动的重点应该是使信息简单明了,即容易被人理解,故选B项。8.C　标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其是第一段可知,文章主要介绍了随着整个欧洲的能源成本上升,一些人正在利用这个机会前往气候变暖的地区,以减少开支。希腊政府发起了一系列冬季旅游活动,旨在吸引更多欧洲游客。由此可知,C项“希腊渴望吸引冬季游客来享受阳光”适合作为文章标题,故选C项。