专题16 灾害与防范安全意识

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单词&短语
1. virus n._______________
2. visa n._______________
3.vivid adj._______________
4. vlcan n._______________
5.weep_______________—(过去式)_______________一(过去分词)v.
6.drught n_______________
7.whistle n._______________
8. winding adj._______________
9.wunded adj._______________
10. wden adj._______________
11. wl(1)en adj._______________
12.withdraw_______________(过去式)一_______________(过去分词)v.
13.wrap_______________(过去式)_______________-(过去分词)v.
14.wrestle v._______________
15. sandstrm n._______________
16.fld n._______________
17.yell v._______________
18.verexplitatin n._______________
19.desertificatin n._______________
20.yawn v._______________
21. ygurt n._______________
22.zebra n._______________
23.zip n._______________
24. zne n._______________
25._______________n.访问者；参观者；视察者；候鸟；游客
26._______________n.词汇；词表；词汇量
27._______________n.志愿者；志愿兵；义工
_______________adj.志愿的，自愿的
28_______________n.航行；航程；旅行记；航海
29._______________n.工资，薪金；报酬；代价，报应
30._______________---_______________(过去式)一_______________(过去分词)v.醒来；唤醒；唤起
31._______________n.皮夹，钱夹；钱包
32._______________v.漫游，漫步，闲逛；迷路；离题；游荡
33._______________n.温暖；热情；激动
34._______________n.衰弱；虚弱；弱点；软弱；劣势；缺点
35._______________adj.丰富的，富裕的；富有的；充分的
36._______________v.使……变宽
_______________adv.广泛地，非常地
_______________n.宽
37._______________---_______________(过去式)-_______________(过去分词)v.穿戴；蓄(发，须)
38._______________n.天气；气象；气候；处境
39._______________n.工作日；平日，普通日
40._______________n.智慧；明智；才智；学识；至理名言
41._______________adj.传播广的，普遍的；广泛的；分布广的
42._______________adj.世界性的；遍及全球的；全世界的
43._______________adj.无价值的，无用的；卑微的Phrases
44._______________至关重要
45.迫不及待做某事________________________________
46.watch ut fr________________________________
47.give way t________________________________
48.挡某人的道，妨碍某人________________________________
49.品种繁多的________________________________
50.有坚强的意志________________________________
51.乐意做某事________________________________
52.失信；食言________________________________
53.与……谈一谈________________________________
54.与……争论________________________________
55.换句话说________________________________
56.遵守诺言________________________________
57.算出；解决；制定出________________________________
58.破旧的；筋疲力尽的________________________________
59.值得做________________________________
60.一年到头________________________________
61.人口增长________________________________
62.wildlife cnservatin________________________________
63.endangered species________________________________
64.cmmercial fishing________________________________
65.destructive earthquake________________________________
66.自然灾害________________________________
词汇拓展
1.wear v.穿；戴；佩戴；蓄，留(发、须等);流露，面带，呈现(某种神态)n.(尤用于商店)……时穿的衣服，衣着；穿着；穿戴；佩戴；耐用性
On the first day he went t schl,the by___________his schl cap prudly.
上学的第一天，男孩骄傲地戴上了他的校帽。
___________a smile ften,and yu will feel yung always.笑口常开，青春常在。
The ship is___________its clurs. 那条船挂着船旗。
The ftsteps f thusands f visitrs had___________away the steps f Muntain Tai.
数以千计的游客的脚步磨损了泰山上的台阶。
Better t___________ut than rust ut.
[谚语]与其锈掉，不如用坏；与其闲死，不如忙死。
2.wrk ut想出，得到(解决方法);解(谜);计算出，解出(数学题答案);计算下来(为);(如期)发生；进展(顺利);圆满结束；完成；继续(服役)至期满
I believe that yu can___________this prblem by yurself.
我相信你自己能做出这道题的。
T___________a plan,ne has t start with investigatin.制定计划要从调查研究入手。
The plice___________a plan t catch the thief.警察制定出了策略来捉贼。
Peple invlved in it think it's a nightmare,but I'm sure it will___________itself___________.
参与者都觉得这是一场噩梦，但我相信其结局会是圆满的。
I___________regularly t keep fit.我经常做运动以保持健康。
The mine has been___________这个矿已经被开采完了。
活学活用
一、阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.I culdn't wait___________(step)inside because I knew smething wnderful was always waiting fr me,a special dish r a special treat.
2. Electricity prvides us with___________(warm)and light and all ur mdern hme cmfrt.
3.It is withut dubt that the develpment f science and technlgy is ___________vital imprtance t human advancement.
4.I can be very patient,and then I can burst if my nerves are ___________(wear)ut.
5.Studying abrad can help___________(wide)ur hrizn. It's imprtant t ur career develpment in the future.
二、翻译句子
1.The mbile library services have been rerganised—in ther wrds,they visit fewer places.
________________________________________________________________
2.我们可以找到解决这个问题的方法。(wrkut)
________________________________________________________________
3.这台钟简直不值得修理。(be wrth)
________________________________________________________________
4.他们总是愿意认真倾听并尽量提出建议。(be willing t)
________________________________________________________________
第二部分 话题阅读训练
（A）阅读理解
Fire Preventin Infrmatin
The University f Adelaide emplys a full­time staff f fire preventin prfessinals.They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置)systems，fire alarms，and fire extinguishers (灭火器)．They als prvide educatinal prgrams n fire safety in the residence halls.Whenever yu mve t a new area, yu shuld lcate the fire alarm pull statins and the tw exits nearest yur rm.
Fire Alarms
The flrs f all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的)fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull statins and pipes.Mst are als equipped with autmatic fire alarm systems cnsisting f heat detectrs, smke detectrs and sprinklers.Fr yur safety, never tamper with(胡乱摆弄)these systems.False fire alarms are illegal and may lead t imprisnment.
Fire Drills
A fire drill will be cnducted in yur residence hall every semester.During a fire drill, please d the fllwing：
·Take yur rm key and ID, clse and lck the dr t yur rm.
·Exit immediately frm the nearest emergency exit；d nt use a lift.
·Meet utside f yur residence hall and wait fr further instructins.
Fire Extinguishers
Fire extinguishers are lcated n each flr and in each apartment.Use a fire extinguisher nly if yu have been trained t d s.Irrespnsible use f a fire extinguisher can create a dangerus situatin fr ther residents and culd result in damage t persnal prperty.Misuse f a fire extinguisher will result in fines.
Smke Detectrs
A smke detectr is n the ceiling in yur rm.Sme buildings als have heat detectrs n the ceilings.D the fllwing t ensure the safe peratin f yur smke detectr：
·If yur smke detectr is wrking prperly, the red light shuld be n.If the red light is nt blinking(闪动)，cntact residence hall staff immediately.
·D nt cver r blck yur smke detectr in any way.
·If a smke detectr sets ff an alarm and there is n fire r smke, infrm yur hall staff.
1．What is the main duty f the fire preventin prfessinals?
A．T prvide part­time jbs fr students.
B．T lead the students t the nearest exits.
C．T check and maintain fire preventin equipment.
D．T train teachers t be fire preventin prfessinals.
2．What d the autmatic fire alarm systems include?
A．Pipes and smke detectrs.
B．Smke detectrs and sprinklers.
C．Fire alarm pull statins and pipes.
D．Sprinklers and fire alarm pull statins.
3．In a fire drill, the students shuld ________．
A．rush quickly t a lift
B．gather at the nearest exit
C．shut the dr and leave at nce
D．wait fr instructins in the hall
4．What d we knw abut the use f fire extinguishers?
A．Using them wrngly results in punishment.
B．Irrespnsible use f them can damage them.
C．Imprper use f them can destry the apartment.
D．Using them withut a trainer present is frbidden.
5．T ensure the safe peratin f the smke detectr, ne shuld ________．
A．cntact the hall staff regularly
B．cver the things that burn easily
C．start the smke detectr in a fire
D．make certain the red light is wrking
（B）完形填空
（2022·四川·绵阳中学模拟预测）On a cld Nvember night, Laytn was n his way hme when he gt an urgent call frm his mther. “The muntain’s n fire.” she ___1___, “and many rental guests were up there.”
Laytn’s family ___2___ a dzen rental cttages n Shields Muntain. At the thught f this, Laytn ___3___ the gas n the dirt back rad.
He ___4___ first t Laytn’s rental cttages t make sure whether his guests were ___5___. Frtunately, all his guests were. At that pint, he made up his mind t ___6___ his cttages t rescue turists ___7___ ther cttages nearby.
Over the next tw hurs, he travelled thrugh the ___8___ muntain, kncking n drs and leading ___9___ peple t safety. Knwing the muntain s well, he drve ne after anther family dwn the muntain n rads ____10____ in smke in his pickup. When ne family was ____11____ frm the fire, Laytn wuld take the pickup ____12____ up the muntain in search f anther ____13____ persn. He helped ne elderly wman flee bareft ____14____ ht rad surface t reach his car and fund a man uncnscius in a burning cttage and ____15____ him t his car. Thankfully, he helped 14 peple ut f danger despite that he had ____16____ escaped the burns.
____17____ his brave and immediate actin, the fire didn’t ____18____ a single life n Shields Muntain. And thugh his business were destryed, Laytn remains ____19____ “I wasn’t wrried abut the prperty ____20____, nt when I saw thse families trapped n the muntain.” he says, “I knew I was gnna help them.”
1．A．explainedB．declaredC．criedD．screamed
2．A．sharedB．wnedC．rentedD．built
3．A．hitB．stampedC．steppedD．pressed
4．A．walkedB．flewC．headedD．ran
5．A．gneB．missingC．scaredD．awake
6．A．fixB．saveC．sellD．leave
7．A．turingB．rentingC．repairingD．deserting
8．A．smkyB．fggyC．cludyD．rainy
9．A．wrriedB．hesitantC．wundedD．panicked
10．A．highlightedB．ruinedC．cveredD．lst
11．A．happyB．safeC．farD．cntented
12．A．backB．hmeC．awayD．ut
13．A．disabledB．desperateC．waitingD．trapped
14．A．acrssB．alngC．thrughD．ver
15．A．ledB．pulledC．carriedD．pushed
16．A．nearlyB．narrwlyC．accidentallyD．ccasinally
17．A．Apart frmB．Due tC．Except frD．As fr
18．A．claimB．spareC．prtectD．drp
19．A．intelligentB．delightedC．philsphicalD．critical
20．A．incmeB．priceC．valueD．damage
（C）阅读理解
The prliferatin(激增)f fires in the Amazn rainfrest drew internatinal attentin in August 2019, especially when French President Emmanuel Macrn called fr urgent actin. Since then, the eyes f the wrld have shifted elsewhere as Huse Demcrats launched an impeachment(弹劾)inquiry against President Dnald Trump.
Meanwhile, the Amazn cntinued t burn. The number f fires decreased by 35% in September 2019, but experts say this is merely a slwdwn in a crisis with glbal repercussins(反响). There were still 19,925 fire utbreaks in September 2019 n the Brazilian part f the rainfrest, which accunts fr nearly 65% f the Amazn basin. Mrever, thrugh the first nine mnths f 2019, the number f fires sared by 41% cmpared t the same perid in 2018, Brazil’s Natinal Institute fr Space Research (INPE) reprted.
Higher rainfall ttals than usual since the beginning f September 2019 and measures taken under munting pressure by Brazilian President Jair Blsnar—wh deplyed the military t the Amazn and impsed a twmnth ban n clearing land thrugh fires—cntributed t the burning decline.
“The factrs that led t such widespread fires in the first place—decreased enfrcement f frestlaw, illegal defrestatin fr agriculture and invasin f native territries—remain in place,” said Nigel Sizer, Chief Prgram Officer fr the advcacy rganizatin Rainfrest Alliance. “It is gd news that there are fewer fires in the Amazn right nw, but this is a shrt-term pause frm the larger prblem.”
That prblem centers n defrestatin thrugh systematically chpping dwn trees, which are either lgged r burned, mstly t cnvert the land fr raising cattle and grwing crps. The practice has expanded frm a small scale t an industrial prductin, leading t abut 20% f the Brazilian Amazn having been cleared since 1970.
1．Wh raised internatinal attentin t the prliferatin f fires in the Amazn rainfrest?
A．Emmanuel Macrn.
B．Dnald Trump.
C．Nigel Sizer.
D．Jair Blsnar.
2．What’s the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A．There are mre fires in Amazn nw than ever befre.
B．There were mre fires in Amazn in August 2019 than in September 2019.
C．The prliferatin f fires cvers mst f the wide area in Amazn.
D．The fires in the Amazn rainfrest is still burning with internatinal attentin.
3．What’s the main cause f the widespread fires in the Amazn rainfrest?
A．Decreased enfrcement f frest law.
B．Invasin f native territries.
C．Serius defrestatin fr agriculture.
D．The shr-term pause f the prliferatin f fires.
4．Frm which is the text prbably taken?
A．A bilgy textbk.
B．A gardening magazine.
C．A newspaper.
D．A travel brchure.