15，2024年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考英语模拟练习卷

这是一份15，2024年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考英语模拟练习卷，共10页。

1.The picture n the right warns the drivers t pay attentin t their cars’ ________.
A. speed B. weight C. size D. height
2.Putin visited China ________ the 16th f May.
A. in B. n C. at D. f
3.--Hw lng have yu learned Chinese?
--________ abut 9 years.
A. In B. Frm C. After D. Fr
4.Mark mved t China with ________ family five years ag.
A. he B. his C. him D. himself
5.Three Shenzhu XVIII heres have been in the space ________ 25th f April, 2024.
A. n B. frm C. since D. at
6.The Cnfucius Temple is ________ place f interest in Nanjing.
A. the mst ppular B. mre ppular C. ppular D. less ppular
7.--Nanjing is a histric city with many histrical figures.
--S I think Nanjing is mre mnumental(具有纪念意义的) than ________ city in Jiangsu.
A. ther B. any ther C. any D. thers
8.Many yung peple like t learn abut Nanjing nline because the phnes r the cmputers are ________ t use.
A. difficult B. lively C. cnvenient D. special
9.The plane will ________ if he ________ the guiding lights.
A. take back; will turn n B. take ff; will turn n C. take ff; turns n D. take n; turns ff
10.Once a term, there ________ a parents’ meeting and a reading day in ur schl.
A. is B. are C. have D. were
11.English is my favrite subject ________ it’s very interesting.
A. if B. thught C. whether D. as
12.My best friend always ________ me writing hmewrk when ur teachers are speaking.
A. advises B. suggests C. cnsiders D. prevents
13.The temperature will quickly ________ zer when winter is cming.
A. drp belw B. drp dwn C. dwn t D. dwn after
14.Children ________ the age f 6 are nt allwed t get int the z.
A. after B. abve C. belw D. under
15.--Mr. Green, did I get the award f The Mst Hard-wrking Student last term?
--________. I’ll check the award’s list later if I have spare time.
A. Actually n. B. I’ve had smething cme up. C. With pleasure. D. My pleasure.
二、完形填空（共10分）
A
Sai Weng Shi Ma, Yan Zhi Fei Fu is a ppular Chinese idim that cmes frm Huai Nan Zi, Ren Jian Xun by 试卷源自 试卷上新，欢迎访问。Liu An (179-122 BC), which can be literally(直接地) 16 as “a blessing in disguise” in English.
In this blg, we want t 17 with yu bth the Chinese and the English retelling f the riginal stry behind Sai Weng Shi Ma, Yan Zhi Fei Fu, what it means, as 18 as hw t use it in a sentence.
Once upn a time, an ld stableman was living arund the Great Wall. One day, his hrse ran ff n its wn twards the Hu peple, a tribe inhabiting nrthern China. Everyne was cnsling(安慰) the ld stableman. He said: “Why are yu s sure this is nt ging t bring me 19 ?”
After a few mnths, his hrse returned frm the Hu peple with ne f their steeds, and everyne was 20 the ld stableman. He said again: “Why are yu s sure this is nt the 21 f a calamity(霉运)?”
He nw had a wealthy hme with a nble steed. His sn lved riding the hrse, but ne day he fell ff the hrse and brke his leg. Everyne was cmfrting the ld stableman, and he said again: “Why are yu s sure that this nt ging t bring me luck?”
A year passed, and a 22 trp f Hu peple invaded(入侵) the Great Wall area. These strngmen waved their bws and arrws enticing the ther side t start a war. 23 the peple frm the Great Wall area wh fught, nine ut f ten died, and the survivrs were left with severe injuries. But because f the stableman’s sn’s brken leg, he was 24 frm the fight, and the father and sn were safe.
This idim tells us that even 25 yu might run int hardship r misfrtune, there still might be a silver lining. It als means in sme cases, setbacks can becme a gd thing.
16. A. called B. translated C. described D. cnsidered
17. A. play B. ride C. learn D. share
18. A. easy B. well C. special D. different
19. A. luck B. mysteries C. accident D. stry
20. A. fighting B. hitting C. laughing D. cngratulating
21. A. reasn B. end C. start D. way
22. A. small B. big C. large D. better
23. A. Frm B. Amng C. At D. Between
24. A. died B. kept C. spared D. killed
25. A. in B. frm C. thugh D. after
三、阅读理解（共15分）
A
“Calming the Waves”
Su Shi (translated by Xu yuanchng)
Listen nt t the rain beating against the trees.
I had better walk slwly while chanting at ease.
Better than a saddle I like sandals and cane.
I’d fain,
In a straw clak, spend my life in mist and rain.
Drunken, I am sbered by the vernal wind shrill
And rather chill.
In frnt, I see the slanting sun atp the hill;
Turning my head, I see the dreary beaten track.
Let me g ▲ !
Impervius(不受影响的) t rain r shine, I’ll have my wn will.
26. Which wrd is the mst suitable fr ▲ ？
A. neck B. back C. attack D. fight
27. The pet made this pem in the weather f .
A. sunny B. windy C. rainy D. snwy
28. Which persnality is the mst suitable fr Su Shi?
A. upbeat B. dwnbeat C. helpful D. careful
B
Emperr Taizng f Tang (January 23, 599 – July 10, 649), persnal name Li Shimin, was the secnd emperr f the Tang Dynasty f China, ruling frm 626 t 649. As he encuraged his father, Li Yuan (later Emperr Gazu) t rise against Sui Dynasty rule at Taiyuan in 617 and subsequently defeated several f his mst imprtant rivals, he was ceremnially regarded as a cfunder f the dynasty alng with Emperr Gazu.
He is typically cnsidered ne f the greatest, if nt the greatest, emperr in all f Chinese histry. Thrughut the rest f Chinese histry, Emperr Taizng's reign was regarded as the exemplary mdel against which all ther emperrs were measured, and his "Reign f Zhen'guan" (贞观之治) was cnsidered a glden age f Chinese histry and required study fr future crwn princes. During his reign, Tang China flurished ecnmically and militarily. Fr mre than a century after his death, Tang China enjyed peace and prsperity.
In 630, Emperr Taizng sent his general Li Jing against Eastern Tujue -- t which Tang had nce submitted -- defeating and capturing its Jiali Khan Ashina Dubi and destrying Eastern Tujue pwer. This made Tang the dminant pwer in East and Central Asia, and Emperr Taizng subsequently tk the title f Tian Kehan ("Heavenly Khan").
Emperr Taizng was, in ppsitin t nbility f the time, a frank ratinalist, penly laughing f superstitins and heaven's claimed signs, and mdifying imprtant rites in rder t ease agricultural labur. The mdern Chinese histrian B Yang pined that Emperr Taizng achieved greatness by accepting criticism that thers wuld find difficult t accept and trying hard nt t abuse his abslute pwer (using Emperr Yang f Sui as a negative example), as well as emplying capable chancellrs Fang Xuanling, Du Ruhui, and Wei Zheng. Emperr Taizng's wife Empress Zhangsun served as a capable assistant t him as well.
29.What was the age f Li Shimin when he was dead?
A. 48 B. 50 C. 52 D. 23
30.What was the influence f "Reign f Zhen'guan"?
A. Tang dynasty gt prer. B. Many f literatus(士大夫) were killed.
C. Tang Dynasty was established(建立). D. Tang dynasty was peace and prsperity.
31.Which f the fllwing is true?
A. Li Shimin is Li Yuan’s Father. B. The Tujue defeated Li Jing in 630.
C. Wei Zheng helped Li Shimin a lt. D. Zhangsun was Li Shimin’s sister.
C
Why Visit Sun Yat-sen Mausleum (Zhngshan Ling)
Sun Yat-sen Mausleum is the mausleum fr ur “Father f Mdern China” and the “Frerunner f the Revlutin” - Sun Yat-sen. With a great and inspiring design, this mausleum was started in 1926 and cmpleted in 1929 with an area f 80, 000 sq. m. (abut 20 acres), lcated at the suth slpe f the Purple Muntain facing with fertile plain and leaning against a green muntain, clse t Xialing Mausleum t the west and Linggu Temple t the east. It is als Sun Yat-sen's wish t be buried near Purple Muntain.
Sun Yat-sen Mausleum was listed as “Natinal AAAAA Turist Attractin” in 2006 and “Architectural Heritage in the 20th Century in China” in 2016.
Sun Yat-sen Mausleum is a must-see in Nanjing n matter yu want t pay respect t this great peple r appreciate the beautiful surrundings.
Belw are sme recmmended Nanjing tur packages:
☛ 2 Days Ancient Nanjing Tur
☛ 3 Days Best f Nanjing Highlights Tur
Abut Dr. Sun Yat-sen
T have a better visit t Sun Yat-sen Mausleum, yu shuld have a further understanding f this great persn in China - Sun Yat-sen.
Sun ( ~ ) was a Chinese revlutinary, physician, first president and funding father f the Republic f China (ROC). He is cnsidered t be the “Father f Mdern China” (中华民国国父) and the “Frerunner f Demcratic Revlutin” in the Peple’s Republic f China. He played a crucial rle in the verthrw f the Qing Dynasty (1644~1912) and ver 2000 years’ Mnarchy during the years leading up t the Xinhai Revlutin. Sun was appinted t serve as Prvisinal President f the Republic f China when it was funded in 1912 and he later c-funded Kumingtang(国民党) and served as its first leader. His plitical life was with cnstant struggle and frequent exile. He was exiled t Japan, Eurpe, the United States, and Canada, but he always supprted the revlutinary party and uprising in China. Sun’s chief legacy resides in his develpment f the plitical philsphy knwn as “Three Principles f the Peple” - Natinalism (民族), Peple’s Rights (民权) and Peple’s Livelihd (民生).
32.Hw many years was Sun Yat-sen lives fr?
A.50 B.59 C.63 D.69
33.Where is the Zhngshan Ling frm the passage?
A. At the suth slpe f the Purple Muntain facing. B. Far away frm the Xialing Mausleum.
C. Near the Nanjing museum. D. In the center f Nanjing.
34.What’s the “Three Principles f the Peple” mean?
A. Peple are the mst imprtant thing fr a cuntry.
B. A great leader can make the cuntry strnger.
C. The wrld must be united by Kumingtang.
D. Other natins are the enemies t China.
35.Where may be the passage frm?
A. A magazine. B. A stry bk. C. The film. D. The website.
D
Lng ag, China was divided int kingdms(战国). The kingdms were ften at war, s gd military leaders were imprtant. One such leader was Tian Ji, a general in the State f Qi.
Tian Ji’s best friend was Sun Bin. Sun Bin had been a military fficial in the State f Wei. After he was unfairly fired frm his jb, he mved t the State f Qi. Sun Bin taught Tian Ji a lt abut military strategy.
At that time, hrse racing was the mst ppular entertainment fr the rich. Peple bet mney n the races. Tian Ji was a fan f hrse racing, but he wasn’t very gd at betting.
One day, Tian Ji again lst mney at the races. He went hme feeling srry fr himself. When Sun Bin saw hw sad Tian Ji was, he said, “Take me with yu next time. Maybe I can help yu win!”
A week later, Tian Ji did just that. Sun Bin learned hw the races wrked very quickly. He saw that the hrses were divided int three types accrding t speed. First-class hrses were the fastest, and third-class hrses were the slwest. Each type had their wn race and peple bet n each race. In rder t win the verall bet, a persn nly needed t win tw f the three races. Sun Bin als nticed that each type had a different saddle clr. This was t tell the different hrses apart. Sn, Sun Bin develped a strategy t help Tian Ji.
“Trust me,” he tld Tian Ji. “I knw exactly hw yu can win!”
Tian Ji gt s excited he challenged the king t a race.
Tian Ji did everything that Sun Bin tld him t d. Fr the first race, he put the first-class saddle n his third-class hrse. The king’s first-class hrse easily beat Tian Ji’s third-class hrse.
Fr the secnd race, Sun Bin tld Tian Ji t put the secnd-class saddle n his first-class hrse. And sure enugh, Tian Ji wn the secnd race. His first-class hrse was better than the king’s secnd-class hrse.
Finally, fr the third race, Tian Ji used his secnd-class hrse. Once again, he wn. This time it was against the king’s third-class hrse. The king was shcked. Tian Ji was the verall winner.
The king cngratulated Tian Ji, but he was curius.
“Tian Ji, where did yu get such gd hrses?” he asked.
“Yur Majesty,” Tian Ji replied,” I did nt win because I fund great hrses. I wn because f the strategy I used. It was Sun Bin’s strategy, and it wrked!”
“Really?” said the king. “What exactly was this strategy?”
Tian Ji tld the king all abut hw he switched hrses. He explained hw Sun Bin knew that even when tw ppnents were unevenly matched, a strategy culd be used t minimize lsses. In this case, lsing nly nce meant that Tian Ji was still the verall winner.
Hearing this, the king immediately made Sun Bin the military adviser fr the whle army. Sun Bin’s strategies and Tian Ji’s leadership led the State f Qi t many military victries.
36.What’s “kingdm” mean?
A. Peple are fighting in the war. B. Rulers are killing peple.
C. Cultures are becming different frm thers D. Several cuntries are divided and cnfrnted(对峙).
37.Which f the fllwing is true?
A. Sun Bin was Tian Ji’s friend.
B. Tian Ji was fighting with the King.
C. Tian Ji wn the hrses’ race.
D. The King hated Tian Ji because f the failure f the race.
38.If the first-class hrse was ①, the secnd was ②, the third was ③, which ne was Tian Ji’s rder?
A. ③①② B. ②③① C. ①③② D. ③②①
39.Tian Ji was ▲ . Which wrd is the best fr ▲?
A. Silly B. Careful C. Selfish D. Frgetful
40.What is the stry tells us?
A. We shuld be careful t every detail s that we can succeed.
B. We shuld be glib that the enemy may be cnfused.
C. We shuld be deterrent that makes the enemy afraid.
D. We shuld invite thers t help us s that we can have a rest.
三、单词填空（共10分）
41. Mark is __________(clever) students in ur class. Nbdy is smarter than him.
42. He made the mistake s __________(careful)!
43. The Internet build a bridge fr me t __________(cnnectin) my life with the whle wrld.
44. The class is s __________(alive) because ur English teacher is humrus.
45. It was she that stle the bx. Lk, she was __________(lie) t everyne!
46. __________(科技) has change ur lives a lt.
47. Because f the new internatinal situatins, we shuld __________(保卫,防范) against any pssible danger.
48. Mr. White was stpped t __________(清理,清洁) his ffice.
49. The plice __________(证实) that he was the suspect.
50. Many musicians dream music withut __________(国界).
四、选词组填空（共5分）
Isaac Newtn (1643 (Gregrian calendar) Jan 4 - March 31, 1727) Sir, president f the Ryal Sciety,
the 51 British physicist, encyclpedia-style "all-runder", the the "Mathematical Principles f Natural Philsphy", "ptics." In 1687, he 52 the essay "Natural Law", the gravitatin and the three laws f mtin are described. These descriptins lay the scientific pint f view the three centuries since then the physical wrld, and became the basis fr mdern engineering. He Kepler laws f planetary mtin by demnstrating the cnsistency between his thery f gravity, shwing the mvement f grund bjects and ther heavenly bdies have fllwed the same laws f nature; fr the helicentric thery 53 a strng supprt, and t prmte the Scientific Revlutin. In mechanics, Newtn clarifies the principle f cnservatin f mmentum and angular mmentum, Newtn's laws f mtin put frward. In ptics, he invented the reflecting telescpe, and will 54 a prism f white light int the visible spectrum divergence bserved, develped a thery f clr. He als systematically 55 the law f cling and studied the speed f sund. In mathematics, Newtn and Gttfried Wilhelm Leibniz develped calculus t share the schl's hnr. He als demnstrated the generalized binmial therem, prpsed the "Newtn's Law" t functin clser t zer, and fr the study f pwer series t make a cntributin. In ecnmics, Newtn made the gld standard.
五、短文阅读填空（共20分）
A
The British Industrial Revlutin (1760-1840) brught innvative mechanisatin and deep scial change. The prcess saw the inventin f steam-pwered machines, which were used in factries in ever-grwing urban centres. Agriculture remained imprtant, but cttn textiles became Britain's tp exprt, capital replaced land as an indicatr f wealth, and the labur frce diversified t include many mre wmen and children.
--The Steam Engine
Water, wind, and muscle pwer had lng been harnessed fr heavy machinery such as windmills and waterwheels. These early machines allwed business wners t replace the ld cttage industry mdel, where, fr example, skilled weavers wrked in their wn hmes, with a factry system where a number f unskilled wrkers lived n the premises and perated the machines. The catalyst fr even greater change was the inventin f the steam engine. Steam pwer was first develped s that pumps culd drain mine shafts and allw deeper mining. The steam pump was patented in 1698 by Thmas Savery (c. 1650-1715). In 1710, Thmas Newcmen (1664-1729) adjusted Savery's design and made the machine mre efficient. Newcmen's machine culd suck 5,000 gallns (22.7 K litres) every hur ut f a 153-ft (46.6 metres) deep mine shaft. The prblem was the amunt f fuel needed fr the machine. In 1769, the Watt steam engine, designed by James Watt (1736-1819) with develpments added by Matthew Bultn (1728-1809), answered the market's demand fr a pwerful engine that culd be used anywhere. By 1800, Britain basted ver 2,500 steam engines, mst f them used in mines, cttn mills, and factries. This cmpares t 200 engines in France and fewer than 10 in the USA. Other inventrs came alng and added t the pwer capabilities f the steam engine s that, by the 1830s, they culd be used t drive trains and steamships.
--Transprtatin
The steam-pwered railways revlutinised travel and Britain itself. On 27 September 1825, the Lcmtin 1 train invented by Gerge Stephensn (1781-1848) transprted the first railway passengers frm Stcktn t Darlingtn in the nrtheast f England. In 1829, Gerge Stephensn's sn, Rbert Stephensn (1803-1859), created the Rcket, and he entered it in the Rainhill Trials. The Trials were cmpetitins designed t find the best lcmtive fr use n the railway line cnnecting Manchester t Liverpl, which pened in 1830. In 1838, Birmingham was cnnected t Lndn; in 1841, passengers culd take the Great Western Railway line frm the capital t Bristl. By 1845, there was a line frm Manchester t Lndn, which tk eight hurs f travel (the ld stagecaches wuld have taken 80 hurs). The railways were bming. By the 1870s, there were ver 15,000 miles (24,000 km) f rail lines, with trains carrying ver 300 millin passengers and ver 150 millin tnnes f gds each year.
B
Vltaire (1694-1778) was a French authr, histrian, and philspher whse thughts n religius tleratin and mderatin f authritarian pwer were influential d 66 the Enlightenment(启蒙运动时期). His mst famus wrk tday is the satirical Candide, which
p 67 Vltaire's critical thughts n ther philsphers, the Cathlic Church, and the French state in rder t highlight the need fr real slutins t everyday prblems.
--E 68 Life
Françis-Marie Aruet, better knwn by his chsen pseudnym Vltaire, was brn in Paris n 21 Nvember 1694. Françise-Marie's father was a ntary wh sent him t the highly esteemed Luis-le-Grand cllege, then run by Jesuits. Ging n t study law, Françise-Marie's real interest was literature, and he was sn writing his wn pems and plays. These early fferings were the b 69 f what wuld turn ut t be a mmentus catalgue f wrks f all kinds by the end f Vltaire's lng career.
In 1718, Vltaire's first play, Oedipus, was s 70 staged, and he had his first pem, La Henriade, published t great acclaim in 1723. Vltaire might have had literary aspiratins, but his fledgling career tk a nsedive in 1726 when, after an argument with the Chevalier de Rhan, he was cnfined in the infamus Bastille prisn. When he gt ut, Vltaire decided t braden his hrizns, and he visited first the Netherlands and then England, where he lived until 1729.
--Philsphical(哲学的) Ideas
Vltaire's three years in England saw him embark n a mre philsphical apprach t literature. He wrte his Letters n England (aka Philsphical Letters) b 70 n his experiences in that cuntry. The Letters was published in 1734 and favurably cmpared the relative penness and liberalism present in England cmpared t France. Vltaire argues that d 71 denminatins f Christianity shuld be tlerated in the same sciety. This is based n his belief that tleratin springs frm n s 72 grup being able t claim abslute truth. He prpses that the best frm f gvernment is a mnarchy l 73 in its pwer by a parliament and cnstitutin. Vltaire believes that because humans are ratinal and act with reasnable self-interest, they shuld be given mre liberty than current authritarian gvernment systems allw. He als gives bigraphies f fur l 74 thinkers wh influenced the later Enlightenment: Francis Bacn (1561-1626), Jhn Lcke (1632-1704), Isaac Newtn (1642-1727), and René Descartes (1596-1650). In summary, Vltaire argues that the greater freedm and tleratin he has witnessed in England c 75 t France is als the reasn why that cuntry is mre prsperus and its citizens happier. The French Parlement did nt take kindly t this assessment, and Letters n England was cndemned.
六、书面表达（共15分）
Just as the saying ges, “Bks are the ladder(阶梯) f human prgress”. Reading is imprtant fr students.
Yur friend Mark is wrry abut the bks because he can’t chse a favrite bk fr himself in many gd bks.
S he wants t ask yu t give sme suggestins t him in rder t help him enjy reading bks instead f being stpped reading by chsing a bk. Als, he wants yu t intrduce a bk yu have already read fr him s that he can understand the gist(主旨) mre easily.
Dear Mark,
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Yur friend
2024.6.1 famus be based n published expresses prvides
The British Industrial Revlutin
Intrductin
·Great changes have 56 place since The British Industrial Revlutin started.
·Many new machines and factries made a 57 .
·Agriculture was 58 imprtant, but cttn textiles became Britain's tp exprt, capital replaced land as an indicatr f wealth, and the labur frce diversified t include many mre wmen and children.
The Steam Engine
·These early machines allwed business wners t be in 58 f the ld cttage industry mdel, where, fr example, skilled weavers wrked in their wn hmes, with a factry system where a number f unskilled wrkers lived n the premises and perated the machines.
·In 1769, the Watt steam engine was made. James Watt (1736-1819) came up with the
59 with develpments added by Matthew Bultn (1728-1809), answered the market's demand fr a pwerful engine that culd be used anywhere.
·By 1800, Britain basted ver 2,500 steam engines, mst f them used in mines, cttn mills, and factries. This 60 t 200 engines in France and fewer than 10 in the USA. Other inventrs came alng and added t the pwer capabilities f the steam engine s that, by the 1830s, they culd be used t drive trains and steamships
Transprtatin
·The Trials were cmpetitins designed t find the best lcmtive fr use n the railway line cnnecting Manchester t Liverpl, which was nt pen 61 1830.
·By 1845, there was a line frm Manchester t Lndn. The passengers needed t
62 8 hurs fr it(the ld stagecaches wuld have taken 80 hurs).
·The number f the railways was 63 . By the 1870s, there were ver 15,000 miles (24,000 km) f rail lines, with trains carrying ver 300 millin passengers and ver 150 millin tnnes f gds each year.
64
·The British Industrial Revlutin greatly strengthened the ties between the wrlds and 65 the face f the wrld.