3 词法考点之时态、语态及非谓语动词 2024年中考英语二轮专项练习（江苏）

这是一份3 词法考点之时态、语态及非谓语动词 2024年中考英语二轮专项练习（江苏），文件包含3词法考点之时态语态及非谓语动词解析版docx、3词法考点之时态语态及非谓语动词原题版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共47页， 欢迎下载使用。
【题型解读】
在初中主要学习的是八种时态，他们分别是，一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时和过去将来时等八种时态。时态是中考一个非常重要的语法知识点。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以帮助同学们高效复习。对被动语态主要考查不同时态的被动语态和情态动词的被动语态。其中以一般过去时的被动语态、一般现在时的被动语态和一般将来时的被动语态为主，其次涉及到含有情态动词的被动语态和现在完成时的被动语态。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以帮助同学们高效复习。
非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语。非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。非谓语动词一直是英语学习的难点，也是中考的常考点
【命题规律】
1.动词和时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时），考查时态往往会涉及到谓语动词，再加上动词短语搭配和非谓语动词也是常考点，使得动词成为中考语法考查占比最大的词类。
2.常跟动名词作宾语的动词有：
enjy喜欢； mind 介意； finish 完成；keep持续； suggest 建议； practice 练习；cnsider考虑；
miss错过；imagine想象；avid避免； can’t help忍不住；g n 继续；be wrth值得； be busy忙于
give up放弃；succeed in成功，设法；lk frward t期待；be used t习惯于；end up以……结束
put ff推迟；pay attentin t注意；be interested in对……感兴趣
3.现在分词与过去分词的区别
1).在语态上,现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词表示被动意义。
the surprising news令人惊讶的消息
a surprised man一个感到惊讶的人
a mving film一部感人的电影
the mved peple被感动的人们
2）.在时间上,现在分词表示正在进行的动作,过去分词表示已经完成的动作。
the develping cuntry发展中国家
the develped cuntry发达国家
the rising sun正在升起的太阳
the risen sun升起来的太阳
4.易混句式have sb.d sth.,have sb.ding sth.和have sth. dne的区别
1）.have sb. d sth.意为“让某人做某事”,have可以用let,make代替。不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作,且强调动作已经完成或尚未发生。
The sldiers had the by stand with his back t his father.士兵们让这个男孩背对他的父亲站着。
2.have sb. ding sth.表示“使某人作出某种反应”或“劝说/命令某人做某事”;用于否定句时表示“允许/容忍某人做某事”。
Within minutes he had the whle audience laughing and clapping.短短几分钟内他就令全体观众欢笑、鼓掌。
3）.have sth.dne意为“让某事被别人做”,即ask sb.else t d sth.,过去分词(dne)所表示的动作由他人(非主语本身)来完成。
The driver had his car washed nce a week.这个司机一周让人洗一次车。
（一）时态
【考点诠释】
【典题举隅】
时态作业01
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单项选择
1．—I wnder if Jhn ________ next year’s talent shw.
—I have n idea. But I think if he ________ his class prject, he will.
A．jins; finishesB．jins in; will finish
C．takes part in; finishesD．will take part in; finishes
2．—I haven’t seen yur father fr a lng time.
—He ________ Shanghai n business, and he will be back in three weeks.
A．went tB．has gne tC．ges tD．has been t
3．—Are yu ging t watch the cming shw in Wanda Plaza?
—Sure. I will g there this Saturday unless the shw ________.
A．will be cancelledB．is cancelledC．will cancelD．cancels
4．Peple used t pay in cash(现金), but nw mst f them ________ that mainly thrugh WeChat and Alipay.
A．used t dingB．used t dC．gt used t dingD．are used t ding
5．— Hey, Kitty! Why ________ yu cme t the cinema with us yesterday?
— Srry. I ________ an interesting bk called Three Bdy Prblem at that time yesterday.
A．nt; was readingB．dn’t; was readingC．didn’t; was readingD．nt; read
6．—It’s said that scientists are nw ding research n sea rice.
—Great! If rice ______ in salty water, China’s fd supply will surely rise greatly.
A．will plantB．plantC．will be plantedD．is planted
7．—Shall we meet at the z gate at 8 a.m.?
—In fact we needn’t. It ________ until 9 a.m.
A．desn’t penB．pensC．didn’t penD．pened
8．—Tm has gne t Shanghai fr a trip.
—Oh, I didn’t knw. When ________?
A．has he leftB．was he leavingC．did he leaveD．will he leave
9．—Hurry! Hurry! I’m afraid the film _______ fr a while.
—Watch yur step! Safety always cmes first.
A．was nB．has begunC．beganD．has been n
10．Our schl ________ a big ftball field near the library. Nw we can play happily there.
A．buildsB．will buildC．is buildingD．has built
11．Mum, hurry up! The TV play called Kuang Bia has ________ fr abut five minutes.
A．been nB．beganC．begunD．been lasted
12．Mnths ag Iran and KSA were in agreement that they ________ alng with each ther.
A．gtB．getC．were gettingD．wuld get
13．In the past few mnths, a lt f freign leaders ________ interviews with President Xi Jinping. It means that China is playing a mre and mre imprtant rle in the wrld.
A．hadB．are havingC．have hadD．will have
14．—What are yu saving mney fr?
—Father’s Day is arund the crner. I ________ a gift fr my father.
A．bughtB．have bughtC．was buyingD．am ging t buy
15．Tm will email his prject plan t yu as sn as it ________ tmrrw.
A．has finishedB．is finishedC．finishesD．will be finished
16．—Jack, why are yu s late? I ________ here fr ne hur.
—It can’t be wrse. When I was abut t g ut, I gt a call frm my bss.
A．waitedB．waitC．have waitedD．was waiting
17．—Has yur father cme back frm Shanghai?
—Yes. He ______ there fr abut ne mnth t take care f my grandfather in hspital.
A．has stayedB．staysC．will stayD．stayed
18．The weather is changeable these days. It rainy and cludy in the past few days. I hpe that tmrrw will be a sunny day.
A．will beB．isC．has beenD．was
19．—The Entrance Exams fr the high schl is cming, I’m s stressed!
—Dn’t wrry. Nthing will be difficult if mre time ________ n them.
A．will spendB．will be spentC．is spentD．spends
20．—Have yu visited the 2023 Garden EXPO in Lianyungang?
—Nt yet. I ________ the whle day yesterday.
A．wrkB．wrkedC．was wrkingD．has wrked
（二）被动语态
【考点诠释】
【典题举隅】
1．—Are yu ging t watch the cming shw in Wanda Plaza?
—Sure. I will g there this Saturday unless the shw ________.
A．will be cancelledB．is cancelledC．will cancelD．cancels
2．—It’s said that scientists are nw ding research n sea rice.
—Great! If rice ______ in salty water, China’s fd supply will surely rise greatly.
A．will plantB．plantC．will be plantedD．is planted
3．It’s said her name in the newly published article next mnth.
A．mentinsB．is mentinedC．will mentinD．will be mentined
4．The Mnkey King is a Chinese cartn her. Tday, he ________ by peple f all ages.
A．will lveB．was lvedC．is lvedD．will be lved
5．Accrding t the survey, abut 800, 000 new energy vehicles（车辆）made in China ________ t freign cuntries by the end f 2023.
A．will sellB．are sldC．will be sldD．sell
6．Tm will email his prject plan t yu as sn as it ________ tmrrw.
A．has finishedB．is finishedC．finishesD．will be finished
7．In Mr. Wang’s class, many chances ________ t students t learn frm each ther.
A．fferB．fferedC．are fferedD．are ffering
8．When Subway Line 5_______, peple in Xuzhu will feel mre cnvenient t travel arund.
A．cmpletesB．is cmpleted
C．will cmpleteD．will be cmpleted
9．There is a ray f hpe that peple missing at the sea after the strm last night ________ alive.
A．were fundB．are fundC．fundD．will be fund
10．—The Entrance Exams fr the high schl is cming, I’m s stressed!
—Dn’t wrry. Nthing will be difficult if mre time ________ n them.
A．will spendB．will be spentC．is spentD．spends
11．Jane spends half f her pcket mney n bks. The rest ________ fr future use.
A．savedB．are savedC．is savedD．was saved
12．Yu wn’t knw hw the beauty f this classical wrk ________ unless yu read it again and again.
A．expressB．expressedC．has expressedD．is expressed
13．In English class, mre chances ________ t students t learn frm each ther in grups.
A．fferB．will fferC．are fferingD．are ffered
14．Yu will knw hw the beauty f this classical wrk ________ if yu read it again and again.
A．expressB．expressedC．is expressedD．has expressed
15．Last year, Mr Zhang ________ t a schl in the cuntryside t teach English.
A．was sentB．has sentC．will be sentD．is sent
16．Oxfam, an internatinal charity, ________ in the UK in 1942 t help peple in hunger.
A．set upB．was set upC．tk upD．was taken up
17．Nthing will change unless much attentin ________ t the situatin.
A．paysB．will be paidC．is paidD．paid
18．That was his first inventin. It was a machine ________ clthes.
A．that was used t washB．which was used t washing
C．which gt used t washingD．that used t wash
19．—Ww! All the bread in this stre ________.
—Yes. The bread there always ________.
A．sells ut; tastes wellB．sells ut; is tasted gd
C．is sld ut; is tasted wellD．is sld ut; tastes gd
20．Three mre new schls ________ in ur city next year.
A．will buildB．is builtC．buildD．will be built
（三）非谓语动词
【考点诠释】
【典题举隅】
1．I’m happy that Judy has becme the first ne ________ five bks during the Reading Week.
A．finishedB．t finishC．finishingD．finishes
2．Mr Wang ften encurages us ________ clse t nature and enjy its beauty.
A．getB．gettingC．t getD．gets
3．The willw catkins(柳絮) are ften seen ________ in Huaian in May.
A．swimB．t swimC．swimmingD．swam
4．There is n dubt ________ Harry Ptter is wrth ________.
A．whether; readingB．if; t readC．that; readingD．that; being read
5．Schls shuld encurage students ________ gd wrking habits thrugh labr (劳动) educatin.
A．t frmB．frmC．frmingD．frms
6．N dubt _______ Qinggu Lane is wrth _______ if yu visit Changzhu.
A．whether; t visitB．if; a visitC．that; visitingD．that; t visit
7．Yur new jb sunds ________ t be true—interesting wrk, high pay, shrt hurs. Are yu sure it’s nt a dream?
A．t gdB．gd enughC．t realD．real enugh
8．—Mr. Lee is an animal-lver. He spends as much time as he can ________ animals.
—He is a true friend f animals.
A．prtectB．prtectsC．t prtectD．prtecting
9．Jane was shy. She wuld nt invite her classmate ___________.
A．practiseB．practisesC．practisingD．t practise
10．I didn’t ntice Tm ________ the cat and leave. I was busy cking in the kitchen.
A．takeB．takesC．takingD．tk
11．—Hurry up, Jasn! We’re ging t the cinema, but the clthes still need ________.
—Dn’t wrry. I think thirty minutes is enugh.
A．washingB．t washC．washedD．wash
12．Many students have difficulty ________ with their parents, which causes truble in their life.
A．cmmunicateB．t cmmunicateC．cmmunicatingD．cmmunicated
13．________ my mther a surprise, I cked a bwl f ndles fr her n her birthday.
A．GiveB．GivingC．T giveD．T be given
14．China launched the Shenzhu XVI manned spaceship several days ag, ________ three astrnauts t its space statin cmbinatin fr a five-mnth missin.
A．t sendB．sentC．sendingD．have sent
15．________ the envirnment, we shuld plant mre trees.
A．PrtectB．PrtectedC．PrtectingD．T prtect
16．— I dn’t knw ________ t g this summer hliday?
— What abut Beijing? There are many places f interest.
A．whyB．whereC．hwD．when
17．—When will the new railway ________ the tw cities be in use?
—________ next February.
A．cnnect; UntilB．cnnecting; UntilC．cnnect; Nt untilD．cnnecting; Nt until
18．—What a fantastic time we had in Happy Valley Theme Park!
—Yes. I culdn’t stp ________ phts in the park.
A．takeB．tkC．takingD．t take
19．Betty will jin a summer camp that she’s lking frward t ________ different kinds f abilities.
A．develpB．t develpC．develpingD．develps
20．________ his arrival at the airprt in Japan, he began t regret ________ t g abrad fr further study withut careful preparatin.
A．On; t decideB．As sn as; deciding
C．As; t make a decisinD．Upn; making a decisin
1．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）—Su Hai, what will yu d fr the cming Father’s Day?
—I ________ a beautiful card fr my father.
A．designB．designedC．will designD．was designing
2．（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）We ________ n the cuntryside rad when a sudden strm hit, s we made ur way back.
A．jggedB．were jggingC．have jggedD．will jg
3．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）The Yuth Ceremny was held successfully! Culd yu tell me ________?
A．wh will be the hst f itB．in which hall was it held
C．whse shw made yu the mst excitedD．that yu were encuraged by the speech
4．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）—Peter, what were yu ding at this time last night?
—I ________ chess with my grandfather.
A．playB．was playingC．am playingD．played
5．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）Tea was brn in China ver 4,000 years ag. Nw it ________ part f peple’s life arund the wrld.
A．becameB．has becmeC．was becmingD．becme
6．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）Hey, Aunt Jenny! It’s yu! I didn’t expect yu ________ ver. What a nice surprise!
A．had cmeB．have cmeC．wuld cmeD．will cme
7．（2023·江苏泰州·中考真题）—Can anyne give me an example f an event in the past?
—I can. ________
A．Shenzhu XVI will cme back.
B．Quan Hngchan wn the gld medal.
C．I am taking the English exam.
D．My classmate is ging t watch a film.
8．（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）While everyne ________ the cmics page, I picked up a cpy t see what was s funny.
A．is laughing atB．laughed atC．laughs atD．was laughing at
9．（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）I ________ China fr three mnths and this is the first time I’ve tried n hanfu.
A．have gne tB．have been tC．have arrived inD．have been in
10．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）There ________ many mdern high-speed railways in Jiangsu and they help peple travel easily.
A．isB．areC．wasD．were
11．（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）—Yu lk tired!
—My husband _______ ftball matches all night. That was t nisy!
A．watchesB．has watchedC．was watchingD．will watch
12．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）I saw Harry in February and I ________ him since then.
A．didn’t seeB．wn’t seeC．haven’t seenD．dn’t see
13．（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）— My father and I ________ a lt f phts at the same place in the past ten years.
— Thse phts must be yur valuable memries.
A．have takenB．will takeC．takeD．were taking
14．（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）The chief engineer annunced that they ________ a space lab n the space statin arund the end f 2022.
A．have builtB．had builtC．will buildD．wuld build
15．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）The Mnkey King is a traditinal Chinese character. It ________ by peple f all ages.
A．is lvedB．was lvedC．will lveD．is lving
16．（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）Sand turns t glass when it ________ by lightning.
A．hitsB．is hitC．is hittingD．will be hit
17．（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）T make the envirnment much better, mre trees ________ next year.
A．plantB．will plantC．are plantedD．will be planted
18．（2022·江苏盐城·中考真题）Spud Webb ________ at first because f his height, but he didn’t lse heart.
A．refusesB．refusedC．was refusedD．will be refused
19．（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）It’s a lng time! I can’t remember when this picture _______ in Jinshan Park.
A．was takenB．takesC．is takenD．tk
20．（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）I ________ by aliens n my way hme the ther day. D yu believe me?
A．have attackedB．was attackedC．was attackingD．am attacked
21．（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）UNICEF, part f the United Natins, ________ in Eurpe in 1946 after Wrld War II.
A．set upB．was set upC．tk upD．was taken up
22．（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）—I hear that yu tk part in a frest clean-up activity last Sunday.
—Yes, it ________ by ur schl green club t prtect frests.
A．rganizesB．rganizedC．was rganizedD．will be rganized
23．（2021·江苏徐州·中考真题）The 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhu in September 2022. I can’t wait!
A．were heldB．will be heldC．have heldD．are held
24．（2021·江苏泰州·中考真题）—Sir, I have truble ding the vluntary wrk fr the 20th Games f Jiangsu Prvince in Taizhu.
一Dn’t wrry. A lt f supprt ________ sn.
A．is fferedB．will be fferedC．was fferedD．were ffered
25．（2021·江苏南通·中考真题）—Gd news! The Undergrund Line 1 in Nantng ________ t cme int service sn.
—That’s great! Transprt will becme much easier fr us.
A．will be expectedB．is expectedC．expectsD．is expecting
26．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）________ healthy, we’ve gt used t washing hands befre meals and using public chpsticks.
A．KeepingB．KeepC．T keepD．T keeping
27．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）Travellers can’t wait ________ their new turs in the cming hliday.
A．t startB．startingC．startedD．start
28．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）I have decided t g t Beijing and ________ ne f my ld friends there.
A．visitingB．visitedC．visitsD．visit
29．（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Our schl will invite Mr. Wang ________ us a talk n envirnmental prtectin next week.
—That’s wnderful!
A．giveB．t giveC．givingD．gave
30．（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）Science is my favurite subject, s I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club.
A．jinB．jiningC．t jinD．t jining
31．（2011·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Yu lk tired. Yu’d better ________ a gd rest.
A．stp t haveB．stp having
C．t stp t haveD．t stp having
32．（2022·江苏盐城·中考真题）Gd news cmes that China has sent Shenzhu XIV t space ________ the unknwn wrld.
A．explreB．explredC．explringD．t explre
33．（2022·江苏南通·中考真题）We shuld have a healthy diet, prper exercise and enugh sleep ________ fit.
A．keepingB．t keepC．keepD．kept
34．（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）The high schl invited a famus scientist _______ a talk n Wrld Earth Day.
A．givingB．t giveC．giveD．given
35．（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Miss Li, can yu tell me hw t imprve my writing skills?
—Certainly. I advise yu ________ a diary in English every day.
A．t keepB．keepingC．keptD．keeps
考点
考向
考法/命题角度
一般现在时
一般过去时
考察最多的主要集中在
一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时。
1、动词 cme, g, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, stp 等用一般现在时表将来。这主要表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。
例如：The mvie starts at six ’clck and ends at 8 ’clck.
2、在时间或条件句中，一般现在时可以表示将来。
3、注意动词过去式的不规则变化
现在进行时
过去进行时
下列动词的现在进行时可以表示将来。如 g, cme, fly, leave, start, begin, arrive 等。
例如：My father is arriving at Beijing airprt at 3 p.m. tmrrw.
现在完成时
过去完成时
1、注意现在完成时一些标志词，如：already, just, ever, never, befre, yet；since 和 fr
2、注意区分瞬间动词与延续动词
一般将来时
过去将来时
1、掌握常见时间状语：the next day
2、在宾语从句中，主句过去时，从句的动作发生某个将来的时间。
被动语态结构：
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
带情态动词
The article is written (by her).
The article was written (by her).
The article will be written (by her).
Our teacher said the article wuld be written (by her).
The article is being written (by her).
The article was being written (by her).
The article has been written (by her).
The teacher said the article had been written (by her).
The article might be written by her.
还原t
使役动词make /let /have及感官动词hear ,see ,find ,watch, feel, etc的特殊用法
1. Mther ften makes me d sme husewrk.
→I am ften made t d sme husewrk by mther.
2. We saw him run int the classrm.
→He was seen t run int the classrm by us.
主动表被动：
1. 不及物动词write, sell, wash, pen, lck, read, clean, cut, burn, drive，prve, grw（长得），而且主语为物
2. 大多数系动词：be ,feel (摸起来)，sund(听起来)，lk(看起来)，smell(闻起来) ，taste（尝起来）, becme, fall (asleep), get, keep, remain, seem, stay, turn, grw (变得), appear (呈现) 等
3. 在need/ want/ require ding或be wrth ding句型中
1. This kind f shes sells well.这种鞋子很好卖。
2. This skirt washes easily. 这件裙子很容易洗。
3. The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写。
4. Ｔhe skirt feels very sft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。
5. The mncakes taste delicius.(这些月饼尝起来很好吃。)
6. My watch needs mending.
= My watch needs t be mended.
need/want/require ding
= need/want/require t be dne
7. The bk is wrth reading. (这本书值得一读。)
没有被动语态的词:
1. vi.: happen (= take place), break ut(爆发)，break dwn(坏了), result frm(缘于)，belng t, cnsist f, cme true, cme ut，die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, etc.
2.vt.: cst, fit, have, suit等
3.vt.: 带同源宾语，宾语为反身代词，相互代词
4. vt.: 宾语为不定式或ding
1.The film lasted fr 3 hurs.
2. Many changes have happened in ur hmetwn.
3. His dream has cme true.
4. My phts will cme ut tmrrw.
5. This car csts 100,000 dllars.
6. We will have a meeting. (但hld a meeting 可以改被动)。
7. She dreamed a bad dream last night.
8. The man intrduced himself t everyne.
9. They help each ther study English.
10. She likes t swim.
11. She enjys watching TV.
辨认是否为被动语态
“be+过去分词”有时不能表示被动语态,而只能是系表结构。被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者，而系表结构则表示主语的特点或所处的状态。
1. He is pleased / wrried / tired /…(系表结构)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳……)
2. The dr was clsed last night. (系表结构，强调状态)
3. The dr was clsed by Tm last night. （被动语态，强调动作）
考点
考向
考法/命题角度
不定式
非谓语动词基本用法，及非谓语一般形式；主要考点为动词不定式和动名词，分词少有涉及。
需使用不定式做宾语的动词；省去t 的不定式作宾补的动词；不定式做表语。
动名词
一些常接动名词做宾语的动词及句型
分词
现在分词与过去分词做表语区别
动词不定式
1.作表语；2.信号词：wish, hpe, dream, wrk, task, duty, ambitin,etc. etc.
1. My wish is t becme a teacher.
2. The first thing I want t d is t visit my grandfather.
作定语 (后置)
I have nthing ___________ (send) yu.
We must never miss the chance _______( shw) lve fr ur parents.
1. I have nthing t say abut that thing.
2. Srry, I can’t g with yu; I have a lt f clthes t wash.
3. China is the third cuntry t send its astrnauts int the space.
作宾语及宾补
want/prmise/manage/plan/expect decide/chse/refuse/pretend t d sth.
make/ let/ have sb. d sth. (注：被动带t)
ask/ tell/ rder /enable/allw/encurage sb. t d sth.
warn sb. nt t d sth.
wuld like t d
5. had better (nt)d
1. Alice wanted t get anther cup f cffee.
2. He tld me t be here n time.
3. Our parents ften tell us nt t swim alne in the river in summer.
4. Paul desn't have t be made t learn_. He always wrks hard.
5. Yu’d better _________(try) this medicine.
作状语
不定式常在句子里作目的、原因和结果状语
如：in rder t; s as t
He ran s fast as t catch the first bus. （目的状语）
He searched the rm nly t find nthing. （结果状语）
I'm glad t see yu. （原因状语）
动词不定式与疑问词连用
(1) He desn’t knw hw t use the machine. (不定式作宾语)
(2) Hw t use the machine is a questin. (不定式作主语)
(3) The questin is when t g there. (不定式作表语)
(4). The menu has s many gd things! I can’t decide which t eat.
不定式的特殊句型：
1.句型：t…t…：太…而不能…
2.句型：be + adj + enugh + t d sth.足以做 …
3.句型：It's + adj. + fr sb t d sth
4.句型：Why nt +动词原形"表达向某人提出建议，翻译为："为什么不……?"
5. 句型：s as (nt) t d: 表示目的
6.不定式的否定形式，如:warn sb nt t d/never t/in rder nt t/s as nt t等
7..比较：used t d/be used t ding
8..比较：It takes…t d/sb spends…ding
He is t excited t speak.
The child is ld enugh t g t schll.
Why nt take a hliday?
G in quietly s as nt t wake the baby.
1. The bx is t heavy fr me ____ it.
A. carrying B. carries C. carry D. t carry
2.We are ften tld _____at peple in truble.
A. nt t smile B. t smile C. nt t laugh D. t laugh
3.Yesterday mrning I gt up early________ be late fr the exam.
in rder t B. in rder t nt
C. s as nt t D. s as t
动名词
动名词做宾语
1.信号词：enjy, keep, mind, finish, practice/ practise; deny; imagine; risk; cnsider; admit; frgive, avid; escape;
2. 词组：give up/ be gd at/d well in/ can't help/ keep n/feel like/ be used t/refer t/pay attentin t/ devte neself t/get used t/lk frward t/ succeed in/ be wrth
3.hw abut/what abut +ding
4.prefer ding….t ding
/prefer t than d
5.介词后面+ding
6.固定搭配：g shpping/g dancing/g swimming
1. Mary and I enjy playing badmintn.
2.It's a bit cld. Wuld yu mind my clsing all the windws?
3.The new term is cming. They are busy cleaning the classrms
4.—Mum, I’m hungry.
—What abut _____(g) t McDnald’s eating fried chicken?
5. Knives are used fr _________(cut) things.
动名词做主语及表语
Walking is gd exercise. 走路是很好的运动
My favrite sprt is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳
现在分词
感官动词+sb.+ding
see, hear, find, smell, watch, find, listen t, lk at, ntice, bserve
I heard smene kncking at the dr.
I saw him dancing in the hall yesterday.
There we fund him watching TV.