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2025版高考英语一轮复习题练专题一阅读理解考点七理解文章结构类型课件
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这是一份2025版高考英语一轮复习题练专题一阅读理解考点七理解文章结构类型课件，共19页。
过考点 考点突破分类强化Passage 1话题:燃烧卡路里的运动 主题语境:人与社会 词数:约225 难度:★★★☆☆ 健康生活[2023山东济南学情检测]If yu always sit indrs fr t lng, putting n weight may becme a truble. Tired f all that fat? If s, these sprts can help yu burn the mst calries.Running"Running is ne f the best calrie burners ut there," qualified persnal trainer Daniel Salts says. An average persn can burn anywhere frm 500 t 1,000 calries in ne hur f running. "Speed, pace, and endurance are all factrs that can impact this range. But running uses every muscle grup in the bdy, allwing yu t burn mre calries."Swimming"Swimming is a wrkut that prduces the lwest impact n bdy while it still can burn 200 t 300 calries in just 30 minutes," Salts says. Swimming als imprves heart health and increases strength—all great reasns fr playing in the water.BxingNt nly is bxing a great way t release energy, but it als helps imprve balance, builds up endurance and strengthens the upper bdy and cre. "Bxing helps yu burn calries well, t, with the average persn burning up 500 t 800 calries in an hur sessin," Salts says.
RwingThe pushing and pulling mtin f rwing machines targets multiple muscle grups including the arms, cre, and back, helping yu t burn mre calries. "An hur f rwing will burn 400 t 600 calries n average," Salts says.1Which sprt can burn the mst calries per hur?A.Bxing. is the advantage f swimming accrding t the text?A.It enhances balance.B.It imprves prduces lw impact.D.It builds muscle grups.3Wh is the text intended fr?A.Great athletes.B.Fitness reprters.D.Overweight persns.
【解析】 本文介绍了最能燃烧卡路里的四项运动。1.B 理解具体信息 根据Running中的"An average f running"可知,一个普通人在一小时的跑步中可以消耗500到1 000卡路里的热量。根据Swimming中的"Swimming is 30 minutes"可知,游泳在短短30分钟内仍然可以燃烧200到300卡路里。根据Bxing中的"Bxing helps hur sessin"可知,拳击一小时能燃烧500到800卡路里。根据Rwing中的"An hur n average"可知,一小时的划船平均可以燃烧400到600卡路里。由此可知,跑步每小时燃烧的卡路里最多。2.C 理解具体信息 根据Swimming中的"Swimming is a wrkut that prduces the lwest impact n bdy"可知,游泳对身体的影响小。3.D 理解文章结构、类型(读者对象) 通读全文,尤其是第一段的内容可知,本文旨在介绍四项帮助减肥的运动。由此可推知,本篇文章是写给肥胖者的。
【技巧点拨】 读者对象三步推断法1.确定文章主题和内容。从文章内容入手,明确文章主题,可根据包含文章主旨的段落推断读者群体。2.分析措辞和语言特征。把握文章的特点,分析作者的措辞和语言特征,再结合选项,判断文章适合哪一类读者群体,最终得出答案。3.明确代词的指代对象。明确信息句中代词的指代对象是正确推断读者对象的关键。
【二次精读】 核心单词:qualified adj. 具备……的学历(或资历)的;符合资格 endurance n. 耐力 sessin n.一段时间,一场核心短语:(be) tired f厌倦…… build up加强 n average平均
Passage 2话题:在线汉语夏令营 主题语境:人与自我 词数:约235 难度:★★★☆☆ 中国元素[2023江苏南京、盐城二模] IntrOur Online Chinese Summer Camp prgram is a wnderful, immersive nline Chinese learning experience specifically designed fr learning Chinese remtely.Suitable AgeKids aged 10 t 17Camp CntentInteractive Chinese lessns, cultural activities and virtual tripsScheduleMnday t FridayThe class time is scheduled accrding t different time znesCamp LevelsOnline Chinese Camp fr the summer seasn is divided int 2 levels—Nn-Native Chinese Camp fr beginner t intermediate levels and Chinese Camp fr intermediate t advanced levels.
Ready t Sign Up?Cntact us () and we will be happy t answer yur questins and help yu chse the right camp. Dn’t frget t ask us abut early bird price!1What is the text?A.A curse review.B.A cmmercial academic article.D.An activity schedule.2What can kids d in Chinese Camp?A.Imprve integrated Chinese skills.B.Make up basic Chinese characters thrugh fun stries.D.Prepare fr advanced vcabulary tests.3What can we learn abut the prgram?A.It invlves skills fr camping trips.B.It ffers a discunt if yu bk has a fixed timetable regardless f time znes.D.It includes ff-line interactive activities in China.
【解析】 本文介绍了一个在线汉语夏令营项目的相关信息。1.B 理解文章结构、类型(文章类型) 根据Intr部分的内容以及Ready t Sign Up?部分的内容可知,本文是一则在线汉语夏令营的广告,介绍了针对人群、要求和内容等相关信息。故B项正确。2.A 理解具体信息 根据表格中的"Fun and interactive nline lessns t imprve 4 language skills—Listening, Speaking, Reading & Writing"可知,孩子们在汉语营可以提高综合汉语技能。故A项正确。3.B 推断 根据Ready t Sign Up?部分的"Dn’t frget t ask us abut early bird price!"可推知,你如果提前预订,就能享受折扣价。故B项正确。
【二次精读】 核心单词:immersive adj. 沉浸式虚拟现实的 specifically adv. 特意,专门地 virtual adj. 虚拟的,模拟的 intermediate adj. 中级的,适合中等程度者的 n.中级学生核心短语:be divided int 被分成……
Passage 3话题:测量最高峰 主题语境:人与社会 词数:约275 难度:★★★☆☆ Lcated amng the frests where eagles fly verhead, Jabal Sawda has lng been ne f Saudi Arabia’s best places fr muntaineers. At 2,999m, Jabal Sawda had been cnsidered the kingdm’s highest peak until twin muntaineers, Matthew and Eric Gilbertsn, climbed it in 2018, finding it t be abut three metres shy f Jabal Ferwa.Fr mre than a decade, the twins have traveled t ne cuntry after anther arund the wrld, rewriting the muntain recrd bks abut places acrss the Middle East and West Africa. S far they have reached the peaks f mre than 100 cuntries and newly identified the highest pints in Tg, Guinea-Bissau and Ivry Cast.Matthew, a research scientist at Lckheed Martin in Pal Alt, Califrnia, and Eric, an instructr in mechanical engineering at Seattle University, said their wrk was mtivated by a need fr accuracy and lve fr muntaineering. "If we’re ging t g thrugh all the effrt t visit a cuntry and visit the highest muntain, we want t be sure that we have indeed visited the highest muntain," Matthew said. "We cnsider it assistance t future muntaineers t have an accurate survey dne s that they can fcus their effrts n getting t whichever peak they want t get t."The twins’ lve f muntaineering began when they were children with family trips t the Great Smky Muntains in the sutheastern United States. When they were students at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT), they started climbing as many muntains as pssible. In 2012, after achieving their gal f
reaching the highest pint f each US state, they turned their attentin t the rest f the wrld.1What can we learn abut Jabal Sawda?A.It’s Saudi Arabia’s best place. B.It’s lwer than Jabal ’s Saudi Arabia’s highest peak. D.It’s better-knwn than Jabal Ferwa.2Why have the twins traveled t different cuntries in past years?A.T write bks abut muntains. B.T rename the peaks f measure their highest muntain. D.T admire gd views f the muntain.3What d Matthew’s wrds indicate abut their wrk in paragraph 3?A.It satisfies their need fr accuracy. B.It deepens their lve fr makes them fcus their effrts n life. D.It helps climbers chse their destinatin.4What might the fllwing paragraph talk abut?A.The twins’ ther gals in their life. B.The twins’ experiences in ther twins’ influence n ther muntaineers. D.The twins’ achievements in finding peaks.
【解析】 一对双胞胎致力于测量各地的最高山峰,以便后来的登山者有准确的数据来确定目的地。1.B 理解具体信息 根据第一段最后一句中的"finding it t be abut three metres shy f Jabal Ferwa"可知,它比Jabal Ferwa低大约3米。故选B。2.C 推断 明题意:本题问的是"为什么这对双胞胎在过去的时间里去往不同的国家?"→寻线索:根据第二段中的"Fr mre than a decade, the twins have... rewriting the muntain recrd bks"可知,十多年来,这对双胞胎在不同的国家旅行,重写山峰的记录;再结合本段中的"S far they have reached the peaks f mre than 100 cuntries and newly identified the highest pints"和第三段中的"If we’re ging t... the highest muntain"可推知,他们这样做的目的是测量最高的山峰→定答案:A项"为了写关于山的书";B项"为了给山的顶峰重新命名";C项"为了测量最高的山峰";D项"为了欣赏好的山景"。故选C。3.D 理解具体信息 根据第三段中的"We cnsider it assistance t future muntaineers... s that they can fcus their effrts n getting t whichever peak they want t get t"可知,他们的工作提供了准确的数据,登山者可以根据这些数据选择攀登哪一座山峰。故选D。4.B 理解文章结构、类型(行文走向) 根据最后一段中的"In 2012, after achieving their gal... they turned their attentin t the rest f the wrld"可知,下一段可能会讲述这对双胞胎在其他国家的经历。
【二次精读】 核心单词:verhead adv.在头顶上方,在空中 muntaineer n.登山者,登山运动员 identify v.确定,发现;认出 mechanical adj.机械的 accuracy n.准确性,精确度 熟词生义:shy 常用义:adj.羞涩的 文章义:adj.不足,欠缺We are still tw players shy (f a full team).我们还缺两名队员(凑成一支队)。He was tw weeks shy f his 19th birthday when he jined the army.他参军时离19岁生日仅差两周。难句分析:At 2,999m, Jabal Sawda had been cnsidered the kingdm’s highest peak until twin muntaineers, 介词短语作状语 主句 时间状语从句() (Matthew and Eric Gilbertsn), climbed it in 2018, (finding it t be abut three metres shy f Jabal Ferwa).同位语 现在分词短语作状语译文:Jabal Sawda高2 999米,它曾被认为是该王国最高的山峰。直到2018年,双胞胎Matthew和Eric Gilbertsn攀登了这座山,发现这座山比Jabal Ferwa低了大约3米。
Passage 4话题:退休老人重返工作岗位 主题语境:人与社会 词数:约300 难度:★★★★☆ 国际视野Every Mnday mrning retired GP(全科医生) Dr.Dminique Hérault leaves his hme in nrthwestern France and drives 25 miles t wrk at an unusual health centre. The medical centre, set up t address a shrtage f lcal GPs, is entirely staffed by retired dctrs and medical students. All ver Eurpe, peple are reaching retirement age, taking a pensin(养老金), and then getting a jb. Accrding t the mst recent Labur Frce Survey, mre than 5 millin f the 200 millin Eurpeans wrking in 2019 were ver the age f 65, marking an increase f 82 per cent in 15 years. Reasns fr jining the ranks f the s-called "unretired" vary, thugh nly a fifth f wrkers ver 65 take jbs slely ut f financial necessity, accrding t Eurfund, the Eurpean Fundatin fr the Imprvement f Living and Wrking Cnditins. Mst d it because they lve their jbs: EU statistics shw that 93 per cent f earners aged 65 t 74 are happy in their emplyment. This return t the wrkfrce keeps ecnmists happy t. "Mre emplyment amng peple pst-retirement stimulates the ecnmy and is gd fr everyne as lng as they want t wrk," says Hans Dubis, research manager at Eurfund. While it’s pssible that lder and yunger generatins smetimes cmpete fr jbs, Dubis pints ut that part-time wrk and certain psitins—like nes that invlve mentring(指导)—may actually be better suited t lder emplyees. There are als clear mental and physical health benefits when pensiners pursue an ccupatin. Research based n the nging Survey f Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Eurpe(SHARE) shws the unretired have
better mbility, feel healthier, and reprt a better quality f life than their retired peers. In additin, they are less depressed and have a sharper memry. 1Why is the health centre unusual in the first paragraph? A.It serves special patients.B.Its expenses are quite emplyees are special. D.It is a nn-prfit rganizatin.2What des Labur Frce Survey reprt shw? A.The ageing sciety is becming mre and mre serius. B.The unemplyment amng yung peple is increasing in sciety. C.Peple ver 65 years ld becme the main bdy f the labur frce. D.The number f peple ver 65 years ld is increasing in the labur market.3Why d mst elderly peple chse re-emplyment? A.The ecnmic stress.B.The plicy enthusiasm fr wrk.D.The preventin f illness.4In which sectin f a newspaper may this text appear?A.Entertainment. D.Finance.
【解析】 这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了造成退休老人又重返工作岗位这种现象的原因以及其给社会、老年人自身带来的好处。1.C 理解具体信息 根据第一段中的"The medical centre, set up t address a shrtage f lcal GPs, is entirely staffed by retired dctrs and medical students"可知,该医疗中心是为了解决当地全科医生短缺而建立的,工作人员全部都是退休医生和医学生,故选C。2.D 理解具体信息 根据第二段中的"mre than 5 millin f the 200 millin Eurpeans wrking in 2019 were ver the age f 65, marking an increase f 82 per cent in 15 years"可知,15年内65岁以上的从业人员增长了82%,故选D。3.C 理解具体信息 根据第三段中的"thugh nly a fifth f wrkers ver 65 take jbs slely ut f financial necessity"和"Mst d it because they lve their jbs"可知,65岁以上的工作人员中,只有五分之一的人仅仅是出于经济需要而工作,大多数还是因为热爱自己的工作,故选C。4.C 理解文章结构、类型(文章出处) 本文主要探讨了退休老人又重新工作这一社会现象、产生这种现象背后的原因以及其给个人和社会带来的好处,因此可推断出这样的文章应该出自报纸上的"社会"这一栏目,故选C项。
【技巧点拨】 锁定细节判出处判断文章的出处和类型,可从文章内容、语言特点、标志性信息等方面来切入。1.首段交代新闻事件的时间、地点、人物、事件或通讯社名称+语言具有很强的时效性→a news reprt新闻报道2.产品/服务介绍(突出优点)+鼓励购买的语言+价格→an advertisement广告3.文章中有click等用语→a website网站4.旅游胜地方面的介绍→a travel guide/a guidebk旅行指南5.时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍→a magazine/an entertainment sectin杂志/娱乐部分6.科普知识或研究→a science reprt科学报告7.文化教育性的文章→an educatin sectin教育部分8.营养、美食→a recipe bk食谱;a health magazine健康杂志9.生平事迹→a bigraphy传记10.书或电影名称+内容介绍+评价→a bk/film review 书评/影评11.其他常见出处:a chemistry paper化学论文;a medical reprt 医学报告;a nvel 小说
【考点突破】 理解文章结构、类型题的三大考法考法1 判断文章出处和类型几乎所有的文章都可能涉及对文章出处和类型的考查。该类题目要求考生在具备一定常识的基础上,根据文章的体裁、题材、语言特征和标志性信息来推断文章的出处或类型。考生要对报纸、杂志、小说、广告、旅游指南等有基本的了解,这样才能根据文章的特点对号入座,选出最佳选项。该类题目常见的设问形式:※What is the text?※What kind f text is it?※Where can the text be fund?※Where is this text prbably taken frm?※In which sectin f a newspaper may this text appear?考法2 确定作者的身份或读者对象推断作者身份或读者对象其实就是解决"谁写的"或"写给谁看的"问题。考生可以根据文中出现的人称、语言特征等来判断作者身份;根据文中出现的交际对象的指示代词、叙述语气以及细节关键词等对读者身份进行推断。
过考点 考点突破分类强化Passage 1话题:燃烧卡路里的运动 主题语境:人与社会 词数:约225 难度:★★★☆☆ 健康生活[2023山东济南学情检测]If yu always sit indrs fr t lng, putting n weight may becme a truble. Tired f all that fat? If s, these sprts can help yu burn the mst calries.Running"Running is ne f the best calrie burners ut there," qualified persnal trainer Daniel Salts says. An average persn can burn anywhere frm 500 t 1,000 calries in ne hur f running. "Speed, pace, and endurance are all factrs that can impact this range. But running uses every muscle grup in the bdy, allwing yu t burn mre calries."Swimming"Swimming is a wrkut that prduces the lwest impact n bdy while it still can burn 200 t 300 calries in just 30 minutes," Salts says. Swimming als imprves heart health and increases strength—all great reasns fr playing in the water.BxingNt nly is bxing a great way t release energy, but it als helps imprve balance, builds up endurance and strengthens the upper bdy and cre. "Bxing helps yu burn calries well, t, with the average persn burning up 500 t 800 calries in an hur sessin," Salts says.
RwingThe pushing and pulling mtin f rwing machines targets multiple muscle grups including the arms, cre, and back, helping yu t burn mre calries. "An hur f rwing will burn 400 t 600 calries n average," Salts says.1Which sprt can burn the mst calries per hur?A.Bxing. is the advantage f swimming accrding t the text?A.It enhances balance.B.It imprves prduces lw impact.D.It builds muscle grups.3Wh is the text intended fr?A.Great athletes.B.Fitness reprters.D.Overweight persns.
【解析】 本文介绍了最能燃烧卡路里的四项运动。1.B 理解具体信息 根据Running中的"An average f running"可知,一个普通人在一小时的跑步中可以消耗500到1 000卡路里的热量。根据Swimming中的"Swimming is 30 minutes"可知,游泳在短短30分钟内仍然可以燃烧200到300卡路里。根据Bxing中的"Bxing helps hur sessin"可知,拳击一小时能燃烧500到800卡路里。根据Rwing中的"An hur n average"可知,一小时的划船平均可以燃烧400到600卡路里。由此可知,跑步每小时燃烧的卡路里最多。2.C 理解具体信息 根据Swimming中的"Swimming is a wrkut that prduces the lwest impact n bdy"可知,游泳对身体的影响小。3.D 理解文章结构、类型(读者对象) 通读全文,尤其是第一段的内容可知,本文旨在介绍四项帮助减肥的运动。由此可推知,本篇文章是写给肥胖者的。
【技巧点拨】 读者对象三步推断法1.确定文章主题和内容。从文章内容入手,明确文章主题,可根据包含文章主旨的段落推断读者群体。2.分析措辞和语言特征。把握文章的特点,分析作者的措辞和语言特征,再结合选项,判断文章适合哪一类读者群体,最终得出答案。3.明确代词的指代对象。明确信息句中代词的指代对象是正确推断读者对象的关键。
【二次精读】 核心单词:qualified adj. 具备……的学历(或资历)的;符合资格 endurance n. 耐力 sessin n.一段时间,一场核心短语:(be) tired f厌倦…… build up加强 n average平均
Passage 2话题:在线汉语夏令营 主题语境:人与自我 词数:约235 难度:★★★☆☆ 中国元素[2023江苏南京、盐城二模] IntrOur Online Chinese Summer Camp prgram is a wnderful, immersive nline Chinese learning experience specifically designed fr learning Chinese remtely.Suitable AgeKids aged 10 t 17Camp CntentInteractive Chinese lessns, cultural activities and virtual tripsScheduleMnday t FridayThe class time is scheduled accrding t different time znesCamp LevelsOnline Chinese Camp fr the summer seasn is divided int 2 levels—Nn-Native Chinese Camp fr beginner t intermediate levels and Chinese Camp fr intermediate t advanced levels.
Ready t Sign Up?Cntact us () and we will be happy t answer yur questins and help yu chse the right camp. Dn’t frget t ask us abut early bird price!1What is the text?A.A curse review.B.A cmmercial academic article.D.An activity schedule.2What can kids d in Chinese Camp?A.Imprve integrated Chinese skills.B.Make up basic Chinese characters thrugh fun stries.D.Prepare fr advanced vcabulary tests.3What can we learn abut the prgram?A.It invlves skills fr camping trips.B.It ffers a discunt if yu bk has a fixed timetable regardless f time znes.D.It includes ff-line interactive activities in China.
【解析】 本文介绍了一个在线汉语夏令营项目的相关信息。1.B 理解文章结构、类型(文章类型) 根据Intr部分的内容以及Ready t Sign Up?部分的内容可知,本文是一则在线汉语夏令营的广告,介绍了针对人群、要求和内容等相关信息。故B项正确。2.A 理解具体信息 根据表格中的"Fun and interactive nline lessns t imprve 4 language skills—Listening, Speaking, Reading & Writing"可知,孩子们在汉语营可以提高综合汉语技能。故A项正确。3.B 推断 根据Ready t Sign Up?部分的"Dn’t frget t ask us abut early bird price!"可推知,你如果提前预订,就能享受折扣价。故B项正确。
【二次精读】 核心单词:immersive adj. 沉浸式虚拟现实的 specifically adv. 特意,专门地 virtual adj. 虚拟的,模拟的 intermediate adj. 中级的,适合中等程度者的 n.中级学生核心短语:be divided int 被分成……
Passage 3话题:测量最高峰 主题语境:人与社会 词数:约275 难度:★★★☆☆ Lcated amng the frests where eagles fly verhead, Jabal Sawda has lng been ne f Saudi Arabia’s best places fr muntaineers. At 2,999m, Jabal Sawda had been cnsidered the kingdm’s highest peak until twin muntaineers, Matthew and Eric Gilbertsn, climbed it in 2018, finding it t be abut three metres shy f Jabal Ferwa.Fr mre than a decade, the twins have traveled t ne cuntry after anther arund the wrld, rewriting the muntain recrd bks abut places acrss the Middle East and West Africa. S far they have reached the peaks f mre than 100 cuntries and newly identified the highest pints in Tg, Guinea-Bissau and Ivry Cast.Matthew, a research scientist at Lckheed Martin in Pal Alt, Califrnia, and Eric, an instructr in mechanical engineering at Seattle University, said their wrk was mtivated by a need fr accuracy and lve fr muntaineering. "If we’re ging t g thrugh all the effrt t visit a cuntry and visit the highest muntain, we want t be sure that we have indeed visited the highest muntain," Matthew said. "We cnsider it assistance t future muntaineers t have an accurate survey dne s that they can fcus their effrts n getting t whichever peak they want t get t."The twins’ lve f muntaineering began when they were children with family trips t the Great Smky Muntains in the sutheastern United States. When they were students at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT), they started climbing as many muntains as pssible. In 2012, after achieving their gal f
reaching the highest pint f each US state, they turned their attentin t the rest f the wrld.1What can we learn abut Jabal Sawda?A.It’s Saudi Arabia’s best place. B.It’s lwer than Jabal ’s Saudi Arabia’s highest peak. D.It’s better-knwn than Jabal Ferwa.2Why have the twins traveled t different cuntries in past years?A.T write bks abut muntains. B.T rename the peaks f measure their highest muntain. D.T admire gd views f the muntain.3What d Matthew’s wrds indicate abut their wrk in paragraph 3?A.It satisfies their need fr accuracy. B.It deepens their lve fr makes them fcus their effrts n life. D.It helps climbers chse their destinatin.4What might the fllwing paragraph talk abut?A.The twins’ ther gals in their life. B.The twins’ experiences in ther twins’ influence n ther muntaineers. D.The twins’ achievements in finding peaks.
【解析】 一对双胞胎致力于测量各地的最高山峰,以便后来的登山者有准确的数据来确定目的地。1.B 理解具体信息 根据第一段最后一句中的"finding it t be abut three metres shy f Jabal Ferwa"可知,它比Jabal Ferwa低大约3米。故选B。2.C 推断 明题意:本题问的是"为什么这对双胞胎在过去的时间里去往不同的国家?"→寻线索:根据第二段中的"Fr mre than a decade, the twins have... rewriting the muntain recrd bks"可知,十多年来,这对双胞胎在不同的国家旅行,重写山峰的记录;再结合本段中的"S far they have reached the peaks f mre than 100 cuntries and newly identified the highest pints"和第三段中的"If we’re ging t... the highest muntain"可推知,他们这样做的目的是测量最高的山峰→定答案:A项"为了写关于山的书";B项"为了给山的顶峰重新命名";C项"为了测量最高的山峰";D项"为了欣赏好的山景"。故选C。3.D 理解具体信息 根据第三段中的"We cnsider it assistance t future muntaineers... s that they can fcus their effrts n getting t whichever peak they want t get t"可知,他们的工作提供了准确的数据,登山者可以根据这些数据选择攀登哪一座山峰。故选D。4.B 理解文章结构、类型(行文走向) 根据最后一段中的"In 2012, after achieving their gal... they turned their attentin t the rest f the wrld"可知,下一段可能会讲述这对双胞胎在其他国家的经历。
【二次精读】 核心单词:verhead adv.在头顶上方,在空中 muntaineer n.登山者,登山运动员 identify v.确定,发现;认出 mechanical adj.机械的 accuracy n.准确性,精确度 熟词生义:shy 常用义:adj.羞涩的 文章义:adj.不足,欠缺We are still tw players shy (f a full team).我们还缺两名队员(凑成一支队)。He was tw weeks shy f his 19th birthday when he jined the army.他参军时离19岁生日仅差两周。难句分析:At 2,999m, Jabal Sawda had been cnsidered the kingdm’s highest peak until twin muntaineers, 介词短语作状语 主句 时间状语从句() (Matthew and Eric Gilbertsn), climbed it in 2018, (finding it t be abut three metres shy f Jabal Ferwa).同位语 现在分词短语作状语译文:Jabal Sawda高2 999米,它曾被认为是该王国最高的山峰。直到2018年,双胞胎Matthew和Eric Gilbertsn攀登了这座山,发现这座山比Jabal Ferwa低了大约3米。
Passage 4话题:退休老人重返工作岗位 主题语境:人与社会 词数:约300 难度:★★★★☆ 国际视野Every Mnday mrning retired GP(全科医生) Dr.Dminique Hérault leaves his hme in nrthwestern France and drives 25 miles t wrk at an unusual health centre. The medical centre, set up t address a shrtage f lcal GPs, is entirely staffed by retired dctrs and medical students. All ver Eurpe, peple are reaching retirement age, taking a pensin(养老金), and then getting a jb. Accrding t the mst recent Labur Frce Survey, mre than 5 millin f the 200 millin Eurpeans wrking in 2019 were ver the age f 65, marking an increase f 82 per cent in 15 years. Reasns fr jining the ranks f the s-called "unretired" vary, thugh nly a fifth f wrkers ver 65 take jbs slely ut f financial necessity, accrding t Eurfund, the Eurpean Fundatin fr the Imprvement f Living and Wrking Cnditins. Mst d it because they lve their jbs: EU statistics shw that 93 per cent f earners aged 65 t 74 are happy in their emplyment. This return t the wrkfrce keeps ecnmists happy t. "Mre emplyment amng peple pst-retirement stimulates the ecnmy and is gd fr everyne as lng as they want t wrk," says Hans Dubis, research manager at Eurfund. While it’s pssible that lder and yunger generatins smetimes cmpete fr jbs, Dubis pints ut that part-time wrk and certain psitins—like nes that invlve mentring(指导)—may actually be better suited t lder emplyees. There are als clear mental and physical health benefits when pensiners pursue an ccupatin. Research based n the nging Survey f Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Eurpe(SHARE) shws the unretired have
better mbility, feel healthier, and reprt a better quality f life than their retired peers. In additin, they are less depressed and have a sharper memry. 1Why is the health centre unusual in the first paragraph? A.It serves special patients.B.Its expenses are quite emplyees are special. D.It is a nn-prfit rganizatin.2What des Labur Frce Survey reprt shw? A.The ageing sciety is becming mre and mre serius. B.The unemplyment amng yung peple is increasing in sciety. C.Peple ver 65 years ld becme the main bdy f the labur frce. D.The number f peple ver 65 years ld is increasing in the labur market.3Why d mst elderly peple chse re-emplyment? A.The ecnmic stress.B.The plicy enthusiasm fr wrk.D.The preventin f illness.4In which sectin f a newspaper may this text appear?A.Entertainment. D.Finance.
【解析】 这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了造成退休老人又重返工作岗位这种现象的原因以及其给社会、老年人自身带来的好处。1.C 理解具体信息 根据第一段中的"The medical centre, set up t address a shrtage f lcal GPs, is entirely staffed by retired dctrs and medical students"可知,该医疗中心是为了解决当地全科医生短缺而建立的,工作人员全部都是退休医生和医学生,故选C。2.D 理解具体信息 根据第二段中的"mre than 5 millin f the 200 millin Eurpeans wrking in 2019 were ver the age f 65, marking an increase f 82 per cent in 15 years"可知,15年内65岁以上的从业人员增长了82%,故选D。3.C 理解具体信息 根据第三段中的"thugh nly a fifth f wrkers ver 65 take jbs slely ut f financial necessity"和"Mst d it because they lve their jbs"可知,65岁以上的工作人员中,只有五分之一的人仅仅是出于经济需要而工作,大多数还是因为热爱自己的工作,故选C。4.C 理解文章结构、类型(文章出处) 本文主要探讨了退休老人又重新工作这一社会现象、产生这种现象背后的原因以及其给个人和社会带来的好处,因此可推断出这样的文章应该出自报纸上的"社会"这一栏目,故选C项。
【技巧点拨】 锁定细节判出处判断文章的出处和类型,可从文章内容、语言特点、标志性信息等方面来切入。1.首段交代新闻事件的时间、地点、人物、事件或通讯社名称+语言具有很强的时效性→a news reprt新闻报道2.产品/服务介绍(突出优点)+鼓励购买的语言+价格→an advertisement广告3.文章中有click等用语→a website网站4.旅游胜地方面的介绍→a travel guide/a guidebk旅行指南5.时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍→a magazine/an entertainment sectin杂志/娱乐部分6.科普知识或研究→a science reprt科学报告7.文化教育性的文章→an educatin sectin教育部分8.营养、美食→a recipe bk食谱;a health magazine健康杂志9.生平事迹→a bigraphy传记10.书或电影名称+内容介绍+评价→a bk/film review 书评/影评11.其他常见出处:a chemistry paper化学论文;a medical reprt 医学报告;a nvel 小说
【考点突破】 理解文章结构、类型题的三大考法考法1 判断文章出处和类型几乎所有的文章都可能涉及对文章出处和类型的考查。该类题目要求考生在具备一定常识的基础上,根据文章的体裁、题材、语言特征和标志性信息来推断文章的出处或类型。考生要对报纸、杂志、小说、广告、旅游指南等有基本的了解,这样才能根据文章的特点对号入座,选出最佳选项。该类题目常见的设问形式:※What is the text?※What kind f text is it?※Where can the text be fund?※Where is this text prbably taken frm?※In which sectin f a newspaper may this text appear?考法2 确定作者的身份或读者对象推断作者身份或读者对象其实就是解决"谁写的"或"写给谁看的"问题。考生可以根据文中出现的人称、语言特征等来判断作者身份;根据文中出现的交际对象的指示代词、叙述语气以及细节关键词等对读者身份进行推断。
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