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2023-2024学年江苏省南京市六校联合体高一（下）期中英语试卷（含解析）
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这是一份2023-2024学年江苏省南京市六校联合体高一（下）期中英语试卷（含解析），共19页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Everyne has unique needs and preferences，and individual sleep requirements are n different.Hwever，the amunt f sleep yu need per night is mainly determined by yur age.
Official recmmendatins fr the length f a persn's sleep are brken dwn by age grup：
Older adults （65+）：7–8 hurs
Adults （18–64 years）：7–9 hurs
Teenagers （14–17 years）：8–10 hurs
Schl children （6–13 years）：9–11 hurs
Preschlers （3–5 years）：10–13 hurs （including naps）
Tddlers （1–2 years）：11–14 hurs （including naps）
Infants （4–12 mnths）：12–15 hurs （including naps）
Newbrns （0–3 mnths）：14–17 hurs
Hwever，sme peple might need mre r less sleep than is generally recmmended，depending n the fllwing factrs.
Genetic makeup
Yur genetics are an imprtant factr in hw many hurs f sleep yu need per night.
Fr example，thse with ne specific genetic mutatin（基因突变） need nly arund 6 hurs，whereas peple withut it require abut 8 hurs，n average.
Sleep quality
The quality f yur sleep can als affect hw much yu need.
If yur sleep quality is pr，yu may find that yu still feel tired after getting what shuld be cnsidered enugh.
Therefre，it's nt nly imprtant t fcus n sleeping lng enugh but als n sleeping well enugh.If yu ften feel like yu aren't sleeping well r are extremely tired and dn't knw why，it's a gd idea t check in with yur healthcare prvider.
1.What is the main reasn fr the amunt f sleep we need per night？ ______
A. Sleep quality.B. Genetics.
C. Our age.D. Our eating habits.
2.Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t the passage？ ______
A. All the schl children need t sleep fr 9 t 11 hurs.
B. If yu feel tired，please cnsult yur healthcare prvider.
C. Thse with genetic mutatin nly need t sleep arund 6 hurs.
D. Due t pr sleep quality，yu feel tired thugh yu've slept enugh.
3.Where des this passage mst prbably cme frm？ ______
A. A travel brchure.B. A health magazine.
C. A fashin website.D. A sprts newspaper.
B
When my sn Ryan was six years ld and in first grade，his teacher，Nancy，talked t his class abut develping cuntries and hw they culd help peple，particularly children，in ther parts f the wrld.She explained that besides nt having tys r enugh fd，sme f them didn't even have clean water.Fr these children sitting in their cmfrtable classrm in Kemptville，Ontari，the idea f children nt having any tys，r enugh fd r water，had a huge impact.
The principal had distributed a list that shwed the csts f buying supplies in develping cuntries.A penny wuld buy a pencil，a dllar a ht meal，tw dllars a blanket.Seventy dllars wuld buy a well.When Ryan heard peple died because they didn't have clean water，he was deeply affected.He came hme that day and insisted he needed seventy dllars fr class.
Mark and I discussed it，then explained t Ryan that seventy dllars was a lt f mney.If he was really interested in ding smething，hwever，he culd earn it.He happily agreed，s we put an ld ckie tin n tp f the refrigeratr and started giving him chres.He did chres fr the neighburs and his grandparents，t.After fur mnths，Ryan was nearing his gal.
In April 1998 we went fr ur meeting with WaterCan，a Canadian nnprfit rganizatin prviding clean water t peple in develping cuntries.And Ryan brught his ckie tin full f mney.Nicle，the directr，and Helen，her assistant，thanked him and tld him hw imprtant his dnatin was.Then they tld us it wuld cst a lt mre than ＄70 t build a well—in fact，it wuld cst ＄2，000.
Ryan wasn't cncerned and replied simply， "That's kay.I'll just d mre chres!" News abut what Ryan was ding gt ut，and sn we were getting calls frm the media.When the Ottawa Citizen did a stry n Ryan's well，we began t receive dnatins at least nce a week.Peple frm all ver were catching Ryan's dream and were inspired t give.
4.What inspired Ryan t help kids in develping cuntries？ ______
A. Parents' supprt.B. Ryan's warm heart.
C. The principal's list.D. Nancy's explanatin.
5.What did Ryan decide t d t help the kids？ ______
A. He planned t dnate ＄70 t a charity.
B. He intended t pay fr a well fr the kids.
C. He desired t purchase hts meals fr the kids.
D. He wanted t buy blankets and pencils fr the kids.
6.What happened after the Ottawa Citizen did a stry n Ryan's well？ ______
A. Dnatins were received nce a mnth.
B. Peple were inspired t give a helping hand.
C. Ryan did mre chres and dnated mre mney.
D. The media called Ryan and his family frequently.
7.What's the suitable title fr the passage？ ______
A. Ryan's Well f LifeB. A Jint Effrt
C. A Warm-hearted KidD. Kids in Need
C
Artificial intelligence （AI） is shwing prmise in earthquake predictin，challenging the lng-held belief that it is impssible.Researchers at the University f Texas，Austin，have develped an AI algrithm （算法） that crrectly predicted 70% f earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and prvided accurate strength calculatins fr the predicted earthquakes.
The research team believes their methd succeeded because they stuck with a relatively simple machine learning apprach.The AI was prvided with a set f statistical features based n the team's knwledge f earthquake physics，and then instructed t train itself using a five-year database f earthquake recrdings.Once trained，the AI prvided its predictin by listening fr signs f incming earthquakes within the backgrund rumblings （隆隆声） in the Earth.
This wrk is clearly a milestne in research fr AI-driven earthquake predictin."Yu dn't see earthquakes cming，" explains Alexandrs Savvaidis，a senir research scientist wh leads the Texas Seismlgical Netwrk Prgram （TexNet）."It's a matter f millisecnds，and the nly thing yu can cntrl is hw prepared yu are.Even with the 70% accuracy，that's a huge result and culd help minimize ecnmic and human lsses and has the ptential t remarkably imprve earthquake preparatin wrldwide."
While it is unknwn whether the same apprach will wrk at ther lcatins，the researchers are cnfident that their AI algrithm culd prduce mre accurate predictins if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking netwrks.The next step is t test artificial intelligence in Texas，since UT's Bureau TexNet has 300 earthquake statins and ver six years wrth f cntinuus recrds，making it an ideal lcatin fr these purpses.
Eventually，the authrs hpe t cmbine the system with physics-based mdels.This strategy culd prve especially imprtant where data is pr r lacking."That may be a lng way ff，but many advances such as this ne，taken tgether，are what mves science frward，" cncludes Sctt Tinker，the bureau's directr.
8.Hw des the AI predict earthquakes？ ______
A. By identifying data frm the satellites.
B. By analyzing backgrund sunds in the Earth.
C. By mdeling data based n earthquake recrdings.
D. By mnitring changes in the Earth's magnetic field.
9.What des Alexandrs Savvaidis intend t shw in paragraph3？ ______
A. The ways t reduce lsses in earthquakes.
B. The imprtance f preparing fr earthquakes.
C. The significance f develping the AI predictin.
D. The limitatin f AI algrithms in earthquake predictin.
10.What des the fllw-up research fcus n？ ______
A. Cnducting tests in different lcatins.
B. Applying the AI apprach t ther fields.
C. Building mre earthquake statins in Texas.
D. Enlarging the database t train the calculatin accuracy.
11.Which wrds can best describe the earthquake-predicting technlgy？ ______
A. Stable but utdated.B. Effective but cstly.
C. Ptential and ecnmical.D. Advanced and prmising.
D
A recent glbal study，which surveyed 10，000 yung peple frm 10 cuntries，shwed that nearly 60 percent f them were extremely wrried abut the future state f the planet.The reprt als shwed that nearly half f the respndents （受访者） said that such distress affected them daily，and three-quarters agreed with the statement that "the future is frightening." This，and many ther studies，shw clearly that climate change is nt just a threat t the envirnment.It als pses a very real threat t ur mental health.
Psychlgists have classified these feelings f sadness，distress，and wrry abut the current climate emergency as ec-anxiety.Accrding t the Climate Psychlgy Alliance，ec-anxiety is defined as the "intense physical and mental discmfrt in respnse t dangerus changes in the climate system."
Ec-anxiety desn't just affect yung peple.It als affects researchers wh wrk in climate and eclgical science，burdened by the reality discvered in their findings，and it affects the pr peple acrss the glbe，wh hpelessly bear the harmful impacts f climate breakdwn.
In recent years，we've seen wildfires tear thrugh Canada and Greece，and summer flds destry regins in Pakistan that are hme t nearly 33 millin peple.Studies have shwn that thse impacted by air pllutin and rising temperatures are mre likely t experience mental distress.
The cause f this mental distress is abslutely external.Accrding t Carline Hickman，a researcher n ec-anxiety frm the University f Bath，anyne experiencing these emtins is displaying entirely natural and ratinal reactins t the climate crisis.Her suggestin？Take ec-anxiety as a tl fr gd—as an emtin that can urge peple t act in prtectin f ur planet.
This is why，in 2024，we will als see mre peple arund the wrld jin the fight fr climate justice and apply fr jbs that seek sustainable develpment.Ec-anxiety is nt smething we will defeat with therapy—we will slve it by taking actin.
12.What des the underlined wrd "distress" in paragraph1 mean？ ______
A. Shck.B. Anxiety.C. Fear.D. Anger.
13.What is ec-anxiety accrding t the Climate Psychlgy Alliance？ ______
A. It is a strng reactin t the natural disasters.
B. It is a kind f mental disease fr the yung peple.
C. It is a physical and mental discmfrt when we meet difficulties.
D. It is a strng physical and mental discmfrt fr the dangerus climate changes.
14.What is mainly talked abut in paragraph3？ ______
A. The prcess f ec-anxiety.B. The impact f ec-anxiety.
C. The causes f ec-anxiety.D. The benefits f ec-anxiety.
15.What's the apprach t slving ec-anxiety accrding t Carline Hickman？ ______
A. Defeat it with a therapy.
B. Just wait fr a gd slutin.
C. Jin the fight fr climate justice.
D. Use it t urge peple t prtect ur earth.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
On an Arctic island，an enrmus vault（保险库）has been built deep undergrund.Like any bank vault，it hlds treasures.（1） ______ This vault hlds seeds frm fd crps arund the wrld.
The Svalbard Glbal Seed Vault is in Nrway.It is a seed bank，a place t stre and prtect seeds.Mre than 800 thusand different seed samples rest here.All are dried and kept in temperature- and misture-cntrlled cnditins.（2） ______
Many natins have their wn seed banks，t.One main purpse is t make sure that even if crps fail，there will still be seeds fr farmers t plant.
（ 3） ______ Lss f diversity can cause prblems.That was made clear in Ireland in the 1840s.Peple grew and ate just ne kind f ptat，which had n defense when a disease struck.The ptat crps failed，and ne millin peple died as a result.
Seeds hld infrmatin fr scientists.（4） ______ They might grw int plants that can resist pests and disease.They might grw where ther plants can't.Even the seeds f an invasive plant like kudzu are saved in seed banks.Perhaps scientists will find ut their use smeday.
A natin cmmnly has mre than ne seed bank.Still，a backup plan is a gd idea.Flds，fires，war，and ther disasters can destry strehuses f precius seeds.（5） ______ The seeds cme frm all ver the wrld，and they belng t everyne，nt just ne natin.
A.But yu wn't find precius jewels r metals here.
B.That's why the Svalbard Glbal Seed Vault was created.
C.Anther main purpse f seed banks is t prtect diversity.
D.The seeds f plants that are n lnger farmed may be useful.
E.They will still have seeds t plant，crps t grw，and fd t eat.
F.The Svalbard Glbal Seed Vault is nicknamed the Dmsday Vault.
G.This means the air in the vault stays dry and the temperature is always the same.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
As a child，I'd spent entire afternns （1） ______ new wrlds in my mind and giving life t （2） ______ in my stries I wished culd be my friends.I'd written myself int my favrite stries s I culd be part f them.Writing was a part f me；it was wh I was.
Hwever，in high schl I （3） ______ with writer's blck.By the time I was in cllege，I'd stpped writing entirely，（ 4） ______ the dream remained.I wanted t （5） ______ a nvel ne day.It was then that I read an interview with the Belgian writer Amélie Nthmb.She said she'd g crazy if she didn't write；she needed t d it t stay （6） ______ .Her wrds made me feel （7） ______ .She was telling me that I wasn't really a writer.
Or s I thught.I tried again，and it was like feeling the sun n my skin，r hearing snw lightly fall.I hadn't realized it，but I hadn't really been happy until I （8） ______ my pen again.Writing was in my bld after all.
Finally，half-hurs （9） ______ t writing stretched int hurs.Befre，I had been upset all the time because I didn't advance my writing prjects.Nw，every day was a step frward，and I was （10） ______ with it.
One day，I was reading a stry in a library.（11） ______ ，an idea hit me that I wanted t submit（提交） a few stries.I didn't d it in the hpes they wuld get published.
And then，smething （12） ______ happened.The first stry I submitted was chsen fr publicatin!When I gt the e-mail，I was wild with jy and （13） ______ arund my kitchen table.
That mment （14） ______ me that I must keep writing—nt because I'll g （15） ______ ，but because I want t keep being crazily happy like that.
21.A. creatingB. defendingC. shckingD. changing
22.A. speciesB. imagesC. residentsD. characters
23.A. arguedB. disagreedC. armedD. struggled
24.A. as ifB. even thughC. due tD. s that
25.A. readB. buyC. dnateD. publish
26.A. cnnectedB. quietC. awakeD. plite
27.A. scaredB. upsetC. curiusD. delighted
28.A. picked upB. picked utC. brke utD. brke dwn
29.A. cntributedB. devtedC. ledD. attached
30.A. satisfiedB. strictC. angryD. cncerned
31.A. FrequentlyB. TypicallyC. SuddenlyD. Hpefully
32.A. amazingB. rdinaryC. difficultD. bring
33.A. hungB. dancedC. turnedD. lked
34.A. instructedB. directedC. infrmedD. taught
35.A. crazyB. blankC. wrngD. bankrupt
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.The（1） ______ （ traditin） Chinese slar calendar divides the year int 24 slar terms.The 24 slar terms，（ 2） ______ （determine） by changes in the sun's psitin in the zdiac during the year，were first used in China and nw are fllwed in many ther parts f the wrld.In China，the 24 slar terms（3） ______ （create） thusands f years ag t guide agricultural prductin.
Rain Water this year starts（4） ______ Feb19 and ends n Mar4.Rain Water （5） ______ （signal） the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature.With its arrival，lively spring-like scenery starts blssming.
Rain Water is （6） ______ （cmmn） regarded as the best time f the year t eat fresh bamb shts.And accrding t the Bk f Sngs，the cking f bamb shts in China dates back t ver 2，000 years ag.
Accrding t （7） ______ ld Chinese saying，the rainfall in spring is as precius as il.In nrthern China，the spring（8） ______ （dry） is cmmn and the rainfall f this seasn is really lw，（ 9） ______ accunts fr nly 10 t 15 percent f annual average rainfall.Therefre，Rain Water is cnsidered as a key perid fr irrigatin（灌溉） when the day gets （10） ______ （warm） and rainfall increases.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.本学期学校每周放两天假，旨在让学生平衡好学习和休息，可是返校后部分同学存在抄作业、课堂困倦等不良现象。请你以校学生会主席身份向全校同学写一封英文倡议书，内容包括：
（1）说明问题并分析原因；
（2）提出至少两条建议并倡议营造浓厚学风。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellw students，
_________
The Students' Unin
38.Edisn，a five-year-ld by had a nice hliday n the Big Island，Hawaii with his parents.The sun shne n the glden beach，and the sparkling sea unflded in frnt f them.There were a large number f peple n vacatin，and the huses in the distance were neatly lined up.After Edisn played fr a while，he sat n the beach，enjying the beautiful trees in the distance and listening t the cries f the seagulls.
Hwever，having recently returned frm Hawaii，they were shcked by a TV news—a deadly wildfire n Maui steals Hawaiians' hmes and histry.Scres f birds lay dead n the grund.Huses were burned t ruins，and cars were destryed.
"Mum，d the kids have n tys r even a bed？" Edisn asked sadly."What shall I d t help them？"
"Will yu dnate yur pcket mney？" Mm asked.
"Sure，but that's nt enugh.What abut setting up a lemnade stand n the street？I think peple are willing t buy smething and give a helping hand."
"Sunds great!My by." Dad agreed."Besides pink and yellw lemnade，we can sell sandwiches，ice creams，candies and sparking water（气泡水）."
"Let's start t make these things.It wn't take lng." Edisn urged his parents.
The next few hurs saw this family making sandwiches and lemnade，putting all the stuff n a stand，with a bard saying " Fd and Lemnade fr Hawaii.One dllar per cup."
"Will peple buy ur stuff？" Edisn wndered.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Sn，drivers and passers-by stpped and made generus purchases._____
The family decided t g t the disaster-stricken island and ffer their time and effrts._____
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段的Hwever，the amunt f sleep yu need per night is mainly determined by yur age（然而，你每晚需要的睡眠时间主要取决于你的年龄），可知我们每晚需要多少睡眠的主要原因是我们的年龄，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Sleep quality部分的第二段If yur sleep quality is pr，yu may find that yu still feel tired after getting what shuld be cnsidered enugh（如果你的睡眠质量很差，你可能会发现你在得到应该被认为足够的睡眠后仍然感到疲倦），可知由于睡眠质量差，你虽然睡得够了，但还是觉得很累，故选D。
（3）文章出处题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段的Everyne has unique needs and preferences，and individual sleep requirements are n different.Hwever，the amunt f sleep yu need per night is mainly determined by yur age（每个人都有独特的需求和偏好，个人的睡眠需求也没有什么不同。然而，你每晚需要的睡眠时间主要取决于你的年龄），可知本文主要介绍睡眠的问题，所以这篇文章最有可能来自健康杂志，故选B。
这是一篇应用文，介绍了与睡眠有关的几方面的问题。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】D、B、B、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段hen my sn Ryan was six years ld and in first grade，his teacher，Nancy，talked t his class abut develping cuntries and hw they culd help peple，particularly children，in ther parts f the wrld.She explained that besides nt having tys r enugh fd，sme f them didn't even have clean water.（当我的儿子瑞安六岁上一年级时，他的老师南希在班上讲发展中国家，以及它们如何帮助世界其他地区的人们，特别是儿童。她解释说，除了没有玩具和足够的食物，他们中的一些人甚至没有干净的水。）以及第二段When Ryan heard peple died because they didn't have clean water，he was deeply affected.He came hme that day and insisted he needed seventy dllars fr class.（当瑞恩听说有人因为没有干净的水而死亡时，他深受影响。那天他回到家，坚持说他需要70美元。）可知是Nancy的解释激励Ryan去帮助发展中国家的孩子。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Seventy dllars wuld buy a well.When Ryan heard peple died because they didn't have clean water，he was deeply affected.He came hme that day and insisted he needed seventy dllars fr class.（70美元可以买一口井。当瑞恩听说有人因为没有干净的水而死亡时，他深受影响。那天他回到家，坚持说他需要70美元的学费。）可知Ryan决定出钱给孩子们打一口井。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段When the Ottawa Citizen did a stry n Ryan's well，we began t receive dnatins at least nce a week.Peple frm all ver were catching Ryan's dream and were inspired t give（当《渥太华公民报》报道了瑞安的井后，我们开始每周至少收到一次捐款。来自世界各地的人们都在追随瑞安的梦想，并受到鼓舞去捐赠。）可知《渥太华公民报》报道了瑞安的井之后人们受到鼓舞而伸出援助之手。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。阅读全文可知本文主要讲述了当瑞恩听老师说有人因为没有干净的水而死亡时，他深受影响，他想帮助那些孩子们，给他们打一口井。《渥太华公民报》报道了瑞安的井之后人们受到鼓舞而伸出援助之手。所以"A.Ryan's Well f Life瑞安的《生命之井》"为最佳标题。故选A。
本文是一篇新闻报道，当瑞恩听老师说有人因为没有干净的水而死亡时，他深受影响，他想帮助那些孩子们，给他们打一口井。《渥太华公民报》报道了瑞安的井之后人们受到鼓舞而伸出援助之手。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】B、C、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Once trained，the AI prvided its predictin by listening fr signs f incming earthquakes within the backgrund rumblings （隆隆声） in the Earth.（经过训练后，人工智能通过在地球上隆隆作响的背景中倾听即将到来的地震的迹象来提供预测。）可知，人工智能通过分析地球上的背景声音来预测地震。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段This wrk is clearly a milestne in research fr AI-driven earthquake predictin.（这项工作显然是人工智能驱动地震预测研究的一个里程碑。）可知，Alexandrs Savvaidis打算在第3段中展示开发人工智能预测的重要性。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段The next step is t test artificial intelligence in Texas，since UT's Bureau TexNet has 300 earthquake statins and ver six years wrth f cntinuus recrds，making it an ideal lcatin fr these purpses.（下一步是在得克萨斯州测试人工智能，因为UT的TexNet局有300个地震站和超过六年的连续记录，使其成为实现这些目的的理想地点。）可知，后续研究的重点是在不同的地点进行测试。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段 Eventually，the authrs hpe t cmbine the system with physics-based mdels.This strategy culd prve especially imprtant where data is pr r lacking."That may be a lng way ff，but many advances such as this ne，taken tgether，are what mves science frward，" cncludes Sctt Tinker，the bureau's directr.（最终，作者希望将该系统与基于物理的模型相结合。在数据较差或缺乏的情况下，这一策略可能会被证明特别重要。该局局长Sctt Tinker总结道："这可能还有很长的路要走，但像这样的许多进步加在一起，才是推动科学进步的动力。"）可知，地震预报技术是先进的和有前途的。A.Stable but utdated稳定的但过时的；B.Effective but cstly有效的但代价高昂的；C.Ptential and ecnmical有潜力的和节约的；D.Advanced and prmising先进的和有前途的。故选D。
本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了一种利用人工智能预测地震的方法。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析。
12~15.【答案】B、D、B、D
【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据第一段A recent glbal study，which surveyed 10，000 yung peple frm 10 cuntries，shwed that nearly 60 percent f them were extremely wrried abut the future state f the planet.The reprt als shwed that nearly half f the respndents （受访者） said that such distress affected them daily，and three-quarters agreed with the statement that "the future is frightening." （最近的一项全球研究对来自10个国家的10000名年轻人进行了调查，结果显示，近60%的年轻人对地球的未来状况极为担忧。报告还显示，近一半的受访者表示，这种焦虑每天都在影响他们，四分之三的人同意"未来令人恐惧"的说法）可知，distress意为"焦虑"。A.Shck冲击；B.Anxiety焦虑；C.Fear恐惧；D.Anger愤怒。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Accrding t the Climate Psychlgy Alliance，ec-anxiety is defined as the "intense physical and mental discmfrt in respnse t dangerus changes in the climate system."（根据气候心理学联盟的说法，生态焦虑被定义为"对气候系统危险变化的强烈身心不适"）可知，根据气候心理学联盟的说法，生态焦虑是对于危险的气候变化来说，这是一种强烈的身心不适。故选D。
（3）段落大意题。根据第三段 Ec-anxiety desn't just affect yung peple.It als affects researchers wh wrk in climate and eclgical science，burdened by the reality discvered in their findings，and it affects the pr peple acrss the glbe，wh hpelessly bear the harmful impacts f climate breakdwn.（生态焦虑不仅影响年轻人。它也影响到从事气候和生态科学工作的研究人员，他们被研究结果中发现的现实所拖累，也影响到全球各地的穷人，他们无可救药地承受着气候崩溃的有害影响。）可知，第三段主要介绍了生态焦虑的影响。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Take ec-anxiety as a tl fr gd—as an emtin that can urge peple t act in prtectin f ur planet.（把生态焦虑作为一种有益的工具---一种可以促使人们采取行动保护我们星球的情绪。）可知，卡罗琳•希克曼认为，解决生态焦虑的方法是用它敦促人们保护我们的地球。故选D。
本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了现在很多人有生态焦虑，它的影响巨大，我们可以利用它敦促人们保护地球。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析。
16~20.【答案】A、G、C、D、B
【解析】（1）语境衔接题。根据上文On an Arctic island，an enrmus vault（保险库）has been built deep undergrund.Like any bank vault，it hlds treasures（在北极的一个岛屿上，一个巨大的保险库建在地下深处。就像任何银行金库一样，它储藏着珍宝）以及下文This vault hlds seeds frm fd crps arund the wrld（这个金库储藏着世界各地粮食作物的种子），可知表示"但是你在这里找不到贵重的珠宝或金属"的选项A可以承接上下文，介绍这个种子银行和普通银行存放的东西不同，故选A。
（2）联系上文题。根据上文All are dried and kept in temperature- and misture-cntrlled cnditins（所有的都被干燥并保存在温度和湿度控制的条件下），可知表示"这意味着地窖里的空气保持干燥，温度始终保持不变"的选项G可以承接上文，介绍这个地窖的条件，故选G。
（3）主题判断题。根据下文Lss f diversity can cause prblems（多样性的丧失会带来问题），可知表示"种子银行的另一个主要目的是保护多样性"的选项C可以作为本段的主题句，介绍种子银行保护多样性的目的，故选C。
（4）联系下文题。根据下文They might grw int plants that can resist pests and disease.They might grw where ther plants can't（它们可能会长成能够抵抗病虫害的植物。它们可以生长在其他植物不能生长的地方），可知表示"不再耕种的植物种子可能有用"的选项D符合语境，介绍不再耕种的植物种子的作用，故选D。
（5）联系上文题。根据上文Flds，fires，war，and ther disasters can destry strehuses f precius seeds（洪水、火灾、战争和其他灾难会摧毁储存珍贵种子的仓库），可知表示"这就是为什么要建立斯瓦尔巴群岛全球种子库"的选项B可以承接上文，构成因果关系，故选B。
这是一篇说明文，介绍了斯瓦尔巴群岛全球种子库的条件以及重要性。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】A、D、D、B、D、C、B、A、B、A、C、A、B、D、A
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.creating创造；B.defending防御；C.shcking使震惊；D.changing改变。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我花了整个下午的时间在我的脑海中创造新的世界，给我的故事中的人物赋予生命，我希望他们能成为我的朋友。根据上文"As a child"以及"new wrlds in my mind"可知，作者花了整个下午的时间在自己的脑海中创造新的世界。故选A项。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.species物种；B.images印象；C.residents居民；D.characters人物。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我花了整个下午的时间在我的脑海中创造新的世界，给我的故事中的人物赋予生命，我希望他们能成为我的朋友。根据下文"in my stries"可知，作者给故事中的人物赋予生命。故选D项。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.argued争论；B.disagreed不同意；C.armed武装；D.struggled挣扎。句意：然而，在高中的时候，我遇到了写作瓶颈。根据上文"Hwever，"可知，作者在写作上遇到了瓶颈。故选D项。
（4）考查连接词及语境理解。A.as if好像；B.even thugh即使；C.due t由于；D.s that以致于。句意：到我上大学的时候，我完全停止了写作，尽管我的梦想还在。根据句意可知，前后句为转折关系。故选B项。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.read读；B.buy买；C.dnate捐赠；D.publish出版。句意：我想有一天出版一本小说。根据下文"get published"可知，作者想出版一本小说。故选D项。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.cnnected连接的；B.quiet安静的；C.awake醒着的；D.plite礼貌的。句意：她需要这么做来保持清醒。根据上文"She said she'd g crazy if she didn't write"可知，写作能让她保持清醒，不写作让她疯狂。故选C项。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.scared害怕的；B.upset心烦意乱的；C.curius好奇的；D.delighted高兴的。句意：她的话使我心烦意乱。根据下文"She was telling me that I wasn't really a writer."可知，作者心烦意乱。故选B项。
（8）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.picked up捡起；B.picked ut挑选出；C.brke ut爆发；D.brke dwn崩溃。句意：我没有意识到这一点，但直到我再次拿起笔，我才真正感到快乐。根据上文"happy"可知，再次拿起笔让作者快乐。故选A项。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.cntributed促成；B.devted投入（时间、精力等）；C.led引领；D.attached系上，贴上。句意：最后，花在写作上的半小时变成了几个小时。根据下文"stretched int hurs"可知，花在写作上的半小时变成了几个小时。故选B项。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.satisfied满意的；B.strict严格的；C.angry愤怒的；D.cncerned相关的。句意：现在，每一天都是向前迈进一步，我很满意。根据上文"every day was a step frward"可知，每一天都是向前迈进一步，作者很满意。故选A项。
（11）考查副词及语境理解。A.Frequently频繁地；B.Typically典型地；C.Suddenly突然地；D.Hpefully有希望地。句意：突然，我有了一个想法，我想提交一些故事。根据上文"One day，I was reading a stry in a library"以及"wanted t submit （提交）a few stries"可知，突然，作者有了一个想法。故选C项。
（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.amazing神奇的；B.rdinary普通的；C.difficult困难的；D.bring令人厌烦的。句意：然后，神奇的事情发生了。根据下文"The first stry I submitted was chsen fr publicatin!"可知，一个突然的想法导致了自己的作品出版了，所以神奇的事情发生了。故选A项。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.hung悬挂；B.danced跳舞；C.turned转向；D.lked看。句意：当我收到这封电子邮件时，我欣喜若狂，围着厨房的桌子跳舞。根据上文"I was wild with jy"可知，作者围着厨房的桌子跳舞。故选B项。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.instructed指示；B.directed给……指路；C.infrmed告知；D.taught教授。句意：那一刻教会了我，我必须继续写作——不是因为我会发疯，而是因为我想保持那种疯狂的快乐。根据语境可知，作者的作品出版了，所以那一刻教会了作者必须继续写作。故选D项。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.crazy疯狂的；B.blank空白的；C.wrng错误的；D.bankrupt破产的。句意：那一刻教会了我，我必须继续写作——不是因为我会发疯，而是因为我想保持那种疯狂的快乐。根据下文"being crazily"可知，不是因为作者会发疯，而是因为作者想保持那种疯狂的快乐。故选A项。
这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者写作的过程。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】traditinal
【小题2】determined
【小题3】were created
【小题4】n
【小题5】signals
【小题6】cmmnly
【小题7】an
【小题8】drught
【小题9】which
【小题10】warmer
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：中国传统的阳历把一年分为24个节气。分析句子空处用形容词作定语修饰名词slar calendar。故填traditinal。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：这24个节气是由太阳在黄道带中的位置在一年中的变化决定的，最初在中国使用，现在世界上许多其他地方都在使用。分析句子可知本句已有谓语动词were used，所以空处的动词作非谓语，逻辑主语The 24 slar terms与determine之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填determined。
（3）考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在中国，二十四节气产生于数千年前，用于指导农业生产。分析句子可知空处作句子谓语，根据时间状语thusands f years ag可知本句用一般过去时，主语是the 24 slar terms，是复数，与create之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were created。
（4）考查介词。句意：今年的雨水从2月19日开始，到3月4日结束。具体到某一天用介词n。故填n。
（5）考查可数名词复数。句意：今年的雨水从2月19日开始，到3月4日结束。分析句子可知空处作句子谓语，根据上下文可知本句用一般现在时，主语Rain Water是单数，所以空处用第三人称单数。故填signals。
（6）考查副词。句意：雨水通常被认为是一年中吃新鲜竹笋的最佳时间。分析句子可知，空处用副词作状语修饰谓语动词。故填cmmnly。
（7）考查不定冠词。句意：根据中国的一句古话，春天的雨水像油一样珍贵。分析句子可知空处表示泛指"一则谚语"，所以用不定冠词，ld的发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
（8）考查可数名词单数。句意：在中国北方，春旱很常见，而且这个季节的降雨量很低，只占年平均降雨量的10%到15%。此处表示春旱，是单数，名词作主语。故填drught。
（9）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在中国北方，春旱很常见，而且这个季节的降雨量很低，只占年平均降雨量的10%到15%。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the rainfall f this seasn，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用which引导该从句。故填which。
（10）考查形容词比较级。句意：因此，当天气变暖，降雨量增加时，雨水被认为是灌溉的关键时期。此处表示"天气转暖"，所以用形容词比较级。故填warmer。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了24节气中的雨水。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear fellw students，
As we all knw，we have tw days ff every week this semester t ensure that we can keep a balance between study and rest.【高分句型一】Hwever，sme f the students are s addicted t cmputer games that they are reduced t cpying hmewrk and being sleepy in class，which may nt nly hinder the prgress but als lead t an unpleasant learning atmsphere.（说明问题并分析原因）
I prpse we better manage ur time ff，finish ur hmewrk n time and get enugh rest t make gd preparatins fr the class.Of equal imprtance is t actively engage urselves in class，which will help us stay fcused and bring abut mre effective learning utcmes.【高分句型二】（提出建议并倡议营造浓厚学风）
Let's take actin immediately t create a better learning atmsphere!（呼吁）
The Students' Unin
【解析】高分句型一：As we all knw，we have tw days ff every week this semester t ensure that we can keep a balance between study and rest.
翻译：众所周知，这学期我们每周休息两天，以确保我们能在学习和休息之间保持平衡。
分析：本句使用了that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：Of equal imprtance is t actively engage urselves in class，which will help us stay fcused and bring abut mre effective learning utcmes.
翻译：同样重要的是积极参与课堂，这将帮助我们保持专注，并带来更有效的学习成果。
分析：本句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】Sn，drivers and passers-by stpped and made generus purchases." It is really cnsiderate f yu t d this.Please dnate the change!" Tuched by the behavir f Edisn，peple generusly dnated."Thank yu!" Edisn expressed his gratitude t everyne wh lent a helping hand.【高分句型一】With the cllected funds，the family purchased essential supplies，such as fd，water，blankets and tys.Thugh they were physically exhausted，they felt happy inside.（许多人慷慨解囊，一天下来尽管他们身体疲惫，但内心却很快乐。）
The family decided t g t the disaster-stricken island and ffer their time and effrts.At the sight f the ruined huses and frests，they were stunned.Hlding back their tears，they encuraged the victims and distributed the supplies t the families in need.Edisn's parents wrked alngside the ther vlunteers t rebuild the damaged huses.Edisn felt a sense f pride knwing that they played a part in helping Hawaiians recver frm the wildfire.It was the pwer f cming tgether in times f need that made a difference.【高分句型二】（Edisn一家人去到了灾区帮助灾民，Edisn感到很自豪）
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了小Edisn通过卖气泡水来帮助灾区孩子的故事。
高分句型一：Edisn expressed his gratitude t everyne wh lent a helping hand.
翻译：爱迪生对所有伸出援手的人表示感谢。
分析：本句使用了wh引导的限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：It was the pwer f cming tgether in times f need that made a difference.
翻译：正是在需要的时候团结在一起的力量产生了影响。
分析：本句使用了强调句式。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Everyne has unique needs and preferences，and individual sleep requirements are n different.Hwever，the amunt f sleep yu need per night is mainly determined by yur age.
Official recmmendatins fr the length f a persn's sleep are brken dwn by age grup：
Older adults （65+）：7–8 hurs
Adults （18–64 years）：7–9 hurs
Teenagers （14–17 years）：8–10 hurs
Schl children （6–13 years）：9–11 hurs
Preschlers （3–5 years）：10–13 hurs （including naps）
Tddlers （1–2 years）：11–14 hurs （including naps）
Infants （4–12 mnths）：12–15 hurs （including naps）
Newbrns （0–3 mnths）：14–17 hurs
Hwever，sme peple might need mre r less sleep than is generally recmmended，depending n the fllwing factrs.
Genetic makeup
Yur genetics are an imprtant factr in hw many hurs f sleep yu need per night.
Fr example，thse with ne specific genetic mutatin（基因突变） need nly arund 6 hurs，whereas peple withut it require abut 8 hurs，n average.
Sleep quality
The quality f yur sleep can als affect hw much yu need.
If yur sleep quality is pr，yu may find that yu still feel tired after getting what shuld be cnsidered enugh.
Therefre，it's nt nly imprtant t fcus n sleeping lng enugh but als n sleeping well enugh.If yu ften feel like yu aren't sleeping well r are extremely tired and dn't knw why，it's a gd idea t check in with yur healthcare prvider.
1.What is the main reasn fr the amunt f sleep we need per night？ ______
A. Sleep quality.B. Genetics.
C. Our age.D. Our eating habits.
2.Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t the passage？ ______
A. All the schl children need t sleep fr 9 t 11 hurs.
B. If yu feel tired，please cnsult yur healthcare prvider.
C. Thse with genetic mutatin nly need t sleep arund 6 hurs.
D. Due t pr sleep quality，yu feel tired thugh yu've slept enugh.
3.Where des this passage mst prbably cme frm？ ______
A. A travel brchure.B. A health magazine.
C. A fashin website.D. A sprts newspaper.
B
When my sn Ryan was six years ld and in first grade，his teacher，Nancy，talked t his class abut develping cuntries and hw they culd help peple，particularly children，in ther parts f the wrld.She explained that besides nt having tys r enugh fd，sme f them didn't even have clean water.Fr these children sitting in their cmfrtable classrm in Kemptville，Ontari，the idea f children nt having any tys，r enugh fd r water，had a huge impact.
The principal had distributed a list that shwed the csts f buying supplies in develping cuntries.A penny wuld buy a pencil，a dllar a ht meal，tw dllars a blanket.Seventy dllars wuld buy a well.When Ryan heard peple died because they didn't have clean water，he was deeply affected.He came hme that day and insisted he needed seventy dllars fr class.
Mark and I discussed it，then explained t Ryan that seventy dllars was a lt f mney.If he was really interested in ding smething，hwever，he culd earn it.He happily agreed，s we put an ld ckie tin n tp f the refrigeratr and started giving him chres.He did chres fr the neighburs and his grandparents，t.After fur mnths，Ryan was nearing his gal.
In April 1998 we went fr ur meeting with WaterCan，a Canadian nnprfit rganizatin prviding clean water t peple in develping cuntries.And Ryan brught his ckie tin full f mney.Nicle，the directr，and Helen，her assistant，thanked him and tld him hw imprtant his dnatin was.Then they tld us it wuld cst a lt mre than ＄70 t build a well—in fact，it wuld cst ＄2，000.
Ryan wasn't cncerned and replied simply， "That's kay.I'll just d mre chres!" News abut what Ryan was ding gt ut，and sn we were getting calls frm the media.When the Ottawa Citizen did a stry n Ryan's well，we began t receive dnatins at least nce a week.Peple frm all ver were catching Ryan's dream and were inspired t give.
4.What inspired Ryan t help kids in develping cuntries？ ______
A. Parents' supprt.B. Ryan's warm heart.
C. The principal's list.D. Nancy's explanatin.
5.What did Ryan decide t d t help the kids？ ______
A. He planned t dnate ＄70 t a charity.
B. He intended t pay fr a well fr the kids.
C. He desired t purchase hts meals fr the kids.
D. He wanted t buy blankets and pencils fr the kids.
6.What happened after the Ottawa Citizen did a stry n Ryan's well？ ______
A. Dnatins were received nce a mnth.
B. Peple were inspired t give a helping hand.
C. Ryan did mre chres and dnated mre mney.
D. The media called Ryan and his family frequently.
7.What's the suitable title fr the passage？ ______
A. Ryan's Well f LifeB. A Jint Effrt
C. A Warm-hearted KidD. Kids in Need
C
Artificial intelligence （AI） is shwing prmise in earthquake predictin，challenging the lng-held belief that it is impssible.Researchers at the University f Texas，Austin，have develped an AI algrithm （算法） that crrectly predicted 70% f earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and prvided accurate strength calculatins fr the predicted earthquakes.
The research team believes their methd succeeded because they stuck with a relatively simple machine learning apprach.The AI was prvided with a set f statistical features based n the team's knwledge f earthquake physics，and then instructed t train itself using a five-year database f earthquake recrdings.Once trained，the AI prvided its predictin by listening fr signs f incming earthquakes within the backgrund rumblings （隆隆声） in the Earth.
This wrk is clearly a milestne in research fr AI-driven earthquake predictin."Yu dn't see earthquakes cming，" explains Alexandrs Savvaidis，a senir research scientist wh leads the Texas Seismlgical Netwrk Prgram （TexNet）."It's a matter f millisecnds，and the nly thing yu can cntrl is hw prepared yu are.Even with the 70% accuracy，that's a huge result and culd help minimize ecnmic and human lsses and has the ptential t remarkably imprve earthquake preparatin wrldwide."
While it is unknwn whether the same apprach will wrk at ther lcatins，the researchers are cnfident that their AI algrithm culd prduce mre accurate predictins if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking netwrks.The next step is t test artificial intelligence in Texas，since UT's Bureau TexNet has 300 earthquake statins and ver six years wrth f cntinuus recrds，making it an ideal lcatin fr these purpses.
Eventually，the authrs hpe t cmbine the system with physics-based mdels.This strategy culd prve especially imprtant where data is pr r lacking."That may be a lng way ff，but many advances such as this ne，taken tgether，are what mves science frward，" cncludes Sctt Tinker，the bureau's directr.
8.Hw des the AI predict earthquakes？ ______
A. By identifying data frm the satellites.
B. By analyzing backgrund sunds in the Earth.
C. By mdeling data based n earthquake recrdings.
D. By mnitring changes in the Earth's magnetic field.
9.What des Alexandrs Savvaidis intend t shw in paragraph3？ ______
A. The ways t reduce lsses in earthquakes.
B. The imprtance f preparing fr earthquakes.
C. The significance f develping the AI predictin.
D. The limitatin f AI algrithms in earthquake predictin.
10.What des the fllw-up research fcus n？ ______
A. Cnducting tests in different lcatins.
B. Applying the AI apprach t ther fields.
C. Building mre earthquake statins in Texas.
D. Enlarging the database t train the calculatin accuracy.
11.Which wrds can best describe the earthquake-predicting technlgy？ ______
A. Stable but utdated.B. Effective but cstly.
C. Ptential and ecnmical.D. Advanced and prmising.
D
A recent glbal study，which surveyed 10，000 yung peple frm 10 cuntries，shwed that nearly 60 percent f them were extremely wrried abut the future state f the planet.The reprt als shwed that nearly half f the respndents （受访者） said that such distress affected them daily，and three-quarters agreed with the statement that "the future is frightening." This，and many ther studies，shw clearly that climate change is nt just a threat t the envirnment.It als pses a very real threat t ur mental health.
Psychlgists have classified these feelings f sadness，distress，and wrry abut the current climate emergency as ec-anxiety.Accrding t the Climate Psychlgy Alliance，ec-anxiety is defined as the "intense physical and mental discmfrt in respnse t dangerus changes in the climate system."
Ec-anxiety desn't just affect yung peple.It als affects researchers wh wrk in climate and eclgical science，burdened by the reality discvered in their findings，and it affects the pr peple acrss the glbe，wh hpelessly bear the harmful impacts f climate breakdwn.
In recent years，we've seen wildfires tear thrugh Canada and Greece，and summer flds destry regins in Pakistan that are hme t nearly 33 millin peple.Studies have shwn that thse impacted by air pllutin and rising temperatures are mre likely t experience mental distress.
The cause f this mental distress is abslutely external.Accrding t Carline Hickman，a researcher n ec-anxiety frm the University f Bath，anyne experiencing these emtins is displaying entirely natural and ratinal reactins t the climate crisis.Her suggestin？Take ec-anxiety as a tl fr gd—as an emtin that can urge peple t act in prtectin f ur planet.
This is why，in 2024，we will als see mre peple arund the wrld jin the fight fr climate justice and apply fr jbs that seek sustainable develpment.Ec-anxiety is nt smething we will defeat with therapy—we will slve it by taking actin.
12.What des the underlined wrd "distress" in paragraph1 mean？ ______
A. Shck.B. Anxiety.C. Fear.D. Anger.
13.What is ec-anxiety accrding t the Climate Psychlgy Alliance？ ______
A. It is a strng reactin t the natural disasters.
B. It is a kind f mental disease fr the yung peple.
C. It is a physical and mental discmfrt when we meet difficulties.
D. It is a strng physical and mental discmfrt fr the dangerus climate changes.
14.What is mainly talked abut in paragraph3？ ______
A. The prcess f ec-anxiety.B. The impact f ec-anxiety.
C. The causes f ec-anxiety.D. The benefits f ec-anxiety.
15.What's the apprach t slving ec-anxiety accrding t Carline Hickman？ ______
A. Defeat it with a therapy.
B. Just wait fr a gd slutin.
C. Jin the fight fr climate justice.
D. Use it t urge peple t prtect ur earth.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
On an Arctic island，an enrmus vault（保险库）has been built deep undergrund.Like any bank vault，it hlds treasures.（1） ______ This vault hlds seeds frm fd crps arund the wrld.
The Svalbard Glbal Seed Vault is in Nrway.It is a seed bank，a place t stre and prtect seeds.Mre than 800 thusand different seed samples rest here.All are dried and kept in temperature- and misture-cntrlled cnditins.（2） ______
Many natins have their wn seed banks，t.One main purpse is t make sure that even if crps fail，there will still be seeds fr farmers t plant.
（ 3） ______ Lss f diversity can cause prblems.That was made clear in Ireland in the 1840s.Peple grew and ate just ne kind f ptat，which had n defense when a disease struck.The ptat crps failed，and ne millin peple died as a result.
Seeds hld infrmatin fr scientists.（4） ______ They might grw int plants that can resist pests and disease.They might grw where ther plants can't.Even the seeds f an invasive plant like kudzu are saved in seed banks.Perhaps scientists will find ut their use smeday.
A natin cmmnly has mre than ne seed bank.Still，a backup plan is a gd idea.Flds，fires，war，and ther disasters can destry strehuses f precius seeds.（5） ______ The seeds cme frm all ver the wrld，and they belng t everyne，nt just ne natin.
A.But yu wn't find precius jewels r metals here.
B.That's why the Svalbard Glbal Seed Vault was created.
C.Anther main purpse f seed banks is t prtect diversity.
D.The seeds f plants that are n lnger farmed may be useful.
E.They will still have seeds t plant，crps t grw，and fd t eat.
F.The Svalbard Glbal Seed Vault is nicknamed the Dmsday Vault.
G.This means the air in the vault stays dry and the temperature is always the same.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
As a child，I'd spent entire afternns （1） ______ new wrlds in my mind and giving life t （2） ______ in my stries I wished culd be my friends.I'd written myself int my favrite stries s I culd be part f them.Writing was a part f me；it was wh I was.
Hwever，in high schl I （3） ______ with writer's blck.By the time I was in cllege，I'd stpped writing entirely，（ 4） ______ the dream remained.I wanted t （5） ______ a nvel ne day.It was then that I read an interview with the Belgian writer Amélie Nthmb.She said she'd g crazy if she didn't write；she needed t d it t stay （6） ______ .Her wrds made me feel （7） ______ .She was telling me that I wasn't really a writer.
Or s I thught.I tried again，and it was like feeling the sun n my skin，r hearing snw lightly fall.I hadn't realized it，but I hadn't really been happy until I （8） ______ my pen again.Writing was in my bld after all.
Finally，half-hurs （9） ______ t writing stretched int hurs.Befre，I had been upset all the time because I didn't advance my writing prjects.Nw，every day was a step frward，and I was （10） ______ with it.
One day，I was reading a stry in a library.（11） ______ ，an idea hit me that I wanted t submit（提交） a few stries.I didn't d it in the hpes they wuld get published.
And then，smething （12） ______ happened.The first stry I submitted was chsen fr publicatin!When I gt the e-mail，I was wild with jy and （13） ______ arund my kitchen table.
That mment （14） ______ me that I must keep writing—nt because I'll g （15） ______ ，but because I want t keep being crazily happy like that.
21.A. creatingB. defendingC. shckingD. changing
22.A. speciesB. imagesC. residentsD. characters
23.A. arguedB. disagreedC. armedD. struggled
24.A. as ifB. even thughC. due tD. s that
25.A. readB. buyC. dnateD. publish
26.A. cnnectedB. quietC. awakeD. plite
27.A. scaredB. upsetC. curiusD. delighted
28.A. picked upB. picked utC. brke utD. brke dwn
29.A. cntributedB. devtedC. ledD. attached
30.A. satisfiedB. strictC. angryD. cncerned
31.A. FrequentlyB. TypicallyC. SuddenlyD. Hpefully
32.A. amazingB. rdinaryC. difficultD. bring
33.A. hungB. dancedC. turnedD. lked
34.A. instructedB. directedC. infrmedD. taught
35.A. crazyB. blankC. wrngD. bankrupt
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.The（1） ______ （ traditin） Chinese slar calendar divides the year int 24 slar terms.The 24 slar terms，（ 2） ______ （determine） by changes in the sun's psitin in the zdiac during the year，were first used in China and nw are fllwed in many ther parts f the wrld.In China，the 24 slar terms（3） ______ （create） thusands f years ag t guide agricultural prductin.
Rain Water this year starts（4） ______ Feb19 and ends n Mar4.Rain Water （5） ______ （signal） the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature.With its arrival，lively spring-like scenery starts blssming.
Rain Water is （6） ______ （cmmn） regarded as the best time f the year t eat fresh bamb shts.And accrding t the Bk f Sngs，the cking f bamb shts in China dates back t ver 2，000 years ag.
Accrding t （7） ______ ld Chinese saying，the rainfall in spring is as precius as il.In nrthern China，the spring（8） ______ （dry） is cmmn and the rainfall f this seasn is really lw，（ 9） ______ accunts fr nly 10 t 15 percent f annual average rainfall.Therefre，Rain Water is cnsidered as a key perid fr irrigatin（灌溉） when the day gets （10） ______ （warm） and rainfall increases.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.本学期学校每周放两天假，旨在让学生平衡好学习和休息，可是返校后部分同学存在抄作业、课堂困倦等不良现象。请你以校学生会主席身份向全校同学写一封英文倡议书，内容包括：
（1）说明问题并分析原因；
（2）提出至少两条建议并倡议营造浓厚学风。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellw students，
_________
The Students' Unin
38.Edisn，a five-year-ld by had a nice hliday n the Big Island，Hawaii with his parents.The sun shne n the glden beach，and the sparkling sea unflded in frnt f them.There were a large number f peple n vacatin，and the huses in the distance were neatly lined up.After Edisn played fr a while，he sat n the beach，enjying the beautiful trees in the distance and listening t the cries f the seagulls.
Hwever，having recently returned frm Hawaii，they were shcked by a TV news—a deadly wildfire n Maui steals Hawaiians' hmes and histry.Scres f birds lay dead n the grund.Huses were burned t ruins，and cars were destryed.
"Mum，d the kids have n tys r even a bed？" Edisn asked sadly."What shall I d t help them？"
"Will yu dnate yur pcket mney？" Mm asked.
"Sure，but that's nt enugh.What abut setting up a lemnade stand n the street？I think peple are willing t buy smething and give a helping hand."
"Sunds great!My by." Dad agreed."Besides pink and yellw lemnade，we can sell sandwiches，ice creams，candies and sparking water（气泡水）."
"Let's start t make these things.It wn't take lng." Edisn urged his parents.
The next few hurs saw this family making sandwiches and lemnade，putting all the stuff n a stand，with a bard saying " Fd and Lemnade fr Hawaii.One dllar per cup."
"Will peple buy ur stuff？" Edisn wndered.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Sn，drivers and passers-by stpped and made generus purchases._____
The family decided t g t the disaster-stricken island and ffer their time and effrts._____
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段的Hwever，the amunt f sleep yu need per night is mainly determined by yur age（然而，你每晚需要的睡眠时间主要取决于你的年龄），可知我们每晚需要多少睡眠的主要原因是我们的年龄，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Sleep quality部分的第二段If yur sleep quality is pr，yu may find that yu still feel tired after getting what shuld be cnsidered enugh（如果你的睡眠质量很差，你可能会发现你在得到应该被认为足够的睡眠后仍然感到疲倦），可知由于睡眠质量差，你虽然睡得够了，但还是觉得很累，故选D。
（3）文章出处题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段的Everyne has unique needs and preferences，and individual sleep requirements are n different.Hwever，the amunt f sleep yu need per night is mainly determined by yur age（每个人都有独特的需求和偏好，个人的睡眠需求也没有什么不同。然而，你每晚需要的睡眠时间主要取决于你的年龄），可知本文主要介绍睡眠的问题，所以这篇文章最有可能来自健康杂志，故选B。
这是一篇应用文，介绍了与睡眠有关的几方面的问题。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】D、B、B、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段hen my sn Ryan was six years ld and in first grade，his teacher，Nancy，talked t his class abut develping cuntries and hw they culd help peple，particularly children，in ther parts f the wrld.She explained that besides nt having tys r enugh fd，sme f them didn't even have clean water.（当我的儿子瑞安六岁上一年级时，他的老师南希在班上讲发展中国家，以及它们如何帮助世界其他地区的人们，特别是儿童。她解释说，除了没有玩具和足够的食物，他们中的一些人甚至没有干净的水。）以及第二段When Ryan heard peple died because they didn't have clean water，he was deeply affected.He came hme that day and insisted he needed seventy dllars fr class.（当瑞恩听说有人因为没有干净的水而死亡时，他深受影响。那天他回到家，坚持说他需要70美元。）可知是Nancy的解释激励Ryan去帮助发展中国家的孩子。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Seventy dllars wuld buy a well.When Ryan heard peple died because they didn't have clean water，he was deeply affected.He came hme that day and insisted he needed seventy dllars fr class.（70美元可以买一口井。当瑞恩听说有人因为没有干净的水而死亡时，他深受影响。那天他回到家，坚持说他需要70美元的学费。）可知Ryan决定出钱给孩子们打一口井。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段When the Ottawa Citizen did a stry n Ryan's well，we began t receive dnatins at least nce a week.Peple frm all ver were catching Ryan's dream and were inspired t give（当《渥太华公民报》报道了瑞安的井后，我们开始每周至少收到一次捐款。来自世界各地的人们都在追随瑞安的梦想，并受到鼓舞去捐赠。）可知《渥太华公民报》报道了瑞安的井之后人们受到鼓舞而伸出援助之手。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。阅读全文可知本文主要讲述了当瑞恩听老师说有人因为没有干净的水而死亡时，他深受影响，他想帮助那些孩子们，给他们打一口井。《渥太华公民报》报道了瑞安的井之后人们受到鼓舞而伸出援助之手。所以"A.Ryan's Well f Life瑞安的《生命之井》"为最佳标题。故选A。
本文是一篇新闻报道，当瑞恩听老师说有人因为没有干净的水而死亡时，他深受影响，他想帮助那些孩子们，给他们打一口井。《渥太华公民报》报道了瑞安的井之后人们受到鼓舞而伸出援助之手。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】B、C、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Once trained，the AI prvided its predictin by listening fr signs f incming earthquakes within the backgrund rumblings （隆隆声） in the Earth.（经过训练后，人工智能通过在地球上隆隆作响的背景中倾听即将到来的地震的迹象来提供预测。）可知，人工智能通过分析地球上的背景声音来预测地震。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段This wrk is clearly a milestne in research fr AI-driven earthquake predictin.（这项工作显然是人工智能驱动地震预测研究的一个里程碑。）可知，Alexandrs Savvaidis打算在第3段中展示开发人工智能预测的重要性。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段The next step is t test artificial intelligence in Texas，since UT's Bureau TexNet has 300 earthquake statins and ver six years wrth f cntinuus recrds，making it an ideal lcatin fr these purpses.（下一步是在得克萨斯州测试人工智能，因为UT的TexNet局有300个地震站和超过六年的连续记录，使其成为实现这些目的的理想地点。）可知，后续研究的重点是在不同的地点进行测试。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段 Eventually，the authrs hpe t cmbine the system with physics-based mdels.This strategy culd prve especially imprtant where data is pr r lacking."That may be a lng way ff，but many advances such as this ne，taken tgether，are what mves science frward，" cncludes Sctt Tinker，the bureau's directr.（最终，作者希望将该系统与基于物理的模型相结合。在数据较差或缺乏的情况下，这一策略可能会被证明特别重要。该局局长Sctt Tinker总结道："这可能还有很长的路要走，但像这样的许多进步加在一起，才是推动科学进步的动力。"）可知，地震预报技术是先进的和有前途的。A.Stable but utdated稳定的但过时的；B.Effective but cstly有效的但代价高昂的；C.Ptential and ecnmical有潜力的和节约的；D.Advanced and prmising先进的和有前途的。故选D。
本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了一种利用人工智能预测地震的方法。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析。
12~15.【答案】B、D、B、D
【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据第一段A recent glbal study，which surveyed 10，000 yung peple frm 10 cuntries，shwed that nearly 60 percent f them were extremely wrried abut the future state f the planet.The reprt als shwed that nearly half f the respndents （受访者） said that such distress affected them daily，and three-quarters agreed with the statement that "the future is frightening." （最近的一项全球研究对来自10个国家的10000名年轻人进行了调查，结果显示，近60%的年轻人对地球的未来状况极为担忧。报告还显示，近一半的受访者表示，这种焦虑每天都在影响他们，四分之三的人同意"未来令人恐惧"的说法）可知，distress意为"焦虑"。A.Shck冲击；B.Anxiety焦虑；C.Fear恐惧；D.Anger愤怒。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Accrding t the Climate Psychlgy Alliance，ec-anxiety is defined as the "intense physical and mental discmfrt in respnse t dangerus changes in the climate system."（根据气候心理学联盟的说法，生态焦虑被定义为"对气候系统危险变化的强烈身心不适"）可知，根据气候心理学联盟的说法，生态焦虑是对于危险的气候变化来说，这是一种强烈的身心不适。故选D。
（3）段落大意题。根据第三段 Ec-anxiety desn't just affect yung peple.It als affects researchers wh wrk in climate and eclgical science，burdened by the reality discvered in their findings，and it affects the pr peple acrss the glbe，wh hpelessly bear the harmful impacts f climate breakdwn.（生态焦虑不仅影响年轻人。它也影响到从事气候和生态科学工作的研究人员，他们被研究结果中发现的现实所拖累，也影响到全球各地的穷人，他们无可救药地承受着气候崩溃的有害影响。）可知，第三段主要介绍了生态焦虑的影响。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Take ec-anxiety as a tl fr gd—as an emtin that can urge peple t act in prtectin f ur planet.（把生态焦虑作为一种有益的工具---一种可以促使人们采取行动保护我们星球的情绪。）可知，卡罗琳•希克曼认为，解决生态焦虑的方法是用它敦促人们保护我们的地球。故选D。
本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了现在很多人有生态焦虑，它的影响巨大，我们可以利用它敦促人们保护地球。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析。
16~20.【答案】A、G、C、D、B
【解析】（1）语境衔接题。根据上文On an Arctic island，an enrmus vault（保险库）has been built deep undergrund.Like any bank vault，it hlds treasures（在北极的一个岛屿上，一个巨大的保险库建在地下深处。就像任何银行金库一样，它储藏着珍宝）以及下文This vault hlds seeds frm fd crps arund the wrld（这个金库储藏着世界各地粮食作物的种子），可知表示"但是你在这里找不到贵重的珠宝或金属"的选项A可以承接上下文，介绍这个种子银行和普通银行存放的东西不同，故选A。
（2）联系上文题。根据上文All are dried and kept in temperature- and misture-cntrlled cnditins（所有的都被干燥并保存在温度和湿度控制的条件下），可知表示"这意味着地窖里的空气保持干燥，温度始终保持不变"的选项G可以承接上文，介绍这个地窖的条件，故选G。
（3）主题判断题。根据下文Lss f diversity can cause prblems（多样性的丧失会带来问题），可知表示"种子银行的另一个主要目的是保护多样性"的选项C可以作为本段的主题句，介绍种子银行保护多样性的目的，故选C。
（4）联系下文题。根据下文They might grw int plants that can resist pests and disease.They might grw where ther plants can't（它们可能会长成能够抵抗病虫害的植物。它们可以生长在其他植物不能生长的地方），可知表示"不再耕种的植物种子可能有用"的选项D符合语境，介绍不再耕种的植物种子的作用，故选D。
（5）联系上文题。根据上文Flds，fires，war，and ther disasters can destry strehuses f precius seeds（洪水、火灾、战争和其他灾难会摧毁储存珍贵种子的仓库），可知表示"这就是为什么要建立斯瓦尔巴群岛全球种子库"的选项B可以承接上文，构成因果关系，故选B。
这是一篇说明文，介绍了斯瓦尔巴群岛全球种子库的条件以及重要性。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】A、D、D、B、D、C、B、A、B、A、C、A、B、D、A
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.creating创造；B.defending防御；C.shcking使震惊；D.changing改变。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我花了整个下午的时间在我的脑海中创造新的世界，给我的故事中的人物赋予生命，我希望他们能成为我的朋友。根据上文"As a child"以及"new wrlds in my mind"可知，作者花了整个下午的时间在自己的脑海中创造新的世界。故选A项。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.species物种；B.images印象；C.residents居民；D.characters人物。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我花了整个下午的时间在我的脑海中创造新的世界，给我的故事中的人物赋予生命，我希望他们能成为我的朋友。根据下文"in my stries"可知，作者给故事中的人物赋予生命。故选D项。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.argued争论；B.disagreed不同意；C.armed武装；D.struggled挣扎。句意：然而，在高中的时候，我遇到了写作瓶颈。根据上文"Hwever，"可知，作者在写作上遇到了瓶颈。故选D项。
（4）考查连接词及语境理解。A.as if好像；B.even thugh即使；C.due t由于；D.s that以致于。句意：到我上大学的时候，我完全停止了写作，尽管我的梦想还在。根据句意可知，前后句为转折关系。故选B项。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.read读；B.buy买；C.dnate捐赠；D.publish出版。句意：我想有一天出版一本小说。根据下文"get published"可知，作者想出版一本小说。故选D项。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.cnnected连接的；B.quiet安静的；C.awake醒着的；D.plite礼貌的。句意：她需要这么做来保持清醒。根据上文"She said she'd g crazy if she didn't write"可知，写作能让她保持清醒，不写作让她疯狂。故选C项。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.scared害怕的；B.upset心烦意乱的；C.curius好奇的；D.delighted高兴的。句意：她的话使我心烦意乱。根据下文"She was telling me that I wasn't really a writer."可知，作者心烦意乱。故选B项。
（8）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.picked up捡起；B.picked ut挑选出；C.brke ut爆发；D.brke dwn崩溃。句意：我没有意识到这一点，但直到我再次拿起笔，我才真正感到快乐。根据上文"happy"可知，再次拿起笔让作者快乐。故选A项。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.cntributed促成；B.devted投入（时间、精力等）；C.led引领；D.attached系上，贴上。句意：最后，花在写作上的半小时变成了几个小时。根据下文"stretched int hurs"可知，花在写作上的半小时变成了几个小时。故选B项。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.satisfied满意的；B.strict严格的；C.angry愤怒的；D.cncerned相关的。句意：现在，每一天都是向前迈进一步，我很满意。根据上文"every day was a step frward"可知，每一天都是向前迈进一步，作者很满意。故选A项。
（11）考查副词及语境理解。A.Frequently频繁地；B.Typically典型地；C.Suddenly突然地；D.Hpefully有希望地。句意：突然，我有了一个想法，我想提交一些故事。根据上文"One day，I was reading a stry in a library"以及"wanted t submit （提交）a few stries"可知，突然，作者有了一个想法。故选C项。
（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.amazing神奇的；B.rdinary普通的；C.difficult困难的；D.bring令人厌烦的。句意：然后，神奇的事情发生了。根据下文"The first stry I submitted was chsen fr publicatin!"可知，一个突然的想法导致了自己的作品出版了，所以神奇的事情发生了。故选A项。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.hung悬挂；B.danced跳舞；C.turned转向；D.lked看。句意：当我收到这封电子邮件时，我欣喜若狂，围着厨房的桌子跳舞。根据上文"I was wild with jy"可知，作者围着厨房的桌子跳舞。故选B项。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.instructed指示；B.directed给……指路；C.infrmed告知；D.taught教授。句意：那一刻教会了我，我必须继续写作——不是因为我会发疯，而是因为我想保持那种疯狂的快乐。根据语境可知，作者的作品出版了，所以那一刻教会了作者必须继续写作。故选D项。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.crazy疯狂的；B.blank空白的；C.wrng错误的；D.bankrupt破产的。句意：那一刻教会了我，我必须继续写作——不是因为我会发疯，而是因为我想保持那种疯狂的快乐。根据下文"being crazily"可知，不是因为作者会发疯，而是因为作者想保持那种疯狂的快乐。故选A项。
这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者写作的过程。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】traditinal
【小题2】determined
【小题3】were created
【小题4】n
【小题5】signals
【小题6】cmmnly
【小题7】an
【小题8】drught
【小题9】which
【小题10】warmer
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：中国传统的阳历把一年分为24个节气。分析句子空处用形容词作定语修饰名词slar calendar。故填traditinal。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：这24个节气是由太阳在黄道带中的位置在一年中的变化决定的，最初在中国使用，现在世界上许多其他地方都在使用。分析句子可知本句已有谓语动词were used，所以空处的动词作非谓语，逻辑主语The 24 slar terms与determine之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填determined。
（3）考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在中国，二十四节气产生于数千年前，用于指导农业生产。分析句子可知空处作句子谓语，根据时间状语thusands f years ag可知本句用一般过去时，主语是the 24 slar terms，是复数，与create之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were created。
（4）考查介词。句意：今年的雨水从2月19日开始，到3月4日结束。具体到某一天用介词n。故填n。
（5）考查可数名词复数。句意：今年的雨水从2月19日开始，到3月4日结束。分析句子可知空处作句子谓语，根据上下文可知本句用一般现在时，主语Rain Water是单数，所以空处用第三人称单数。故填signals。
（6）考查副词。句意：雨水通常被认为是一年中吃新鲜竹笋的最佳时间。分析句子可知，空处用副词作状语修饰谓语动词。故填cmmnly。
（7）考查不定冠词。句意：根据中国的一句古话，春天的雨水像油一样珍贵。分析句子可知空处表示泛指"一则谚语"，所以用不定冠词，ld的发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
（8）考查可数名词单数。句意：在中国北方，春旱很常见，而且这个季节的降雨量很低，只占年平均降雨量的10%到15%。此处表示春旱，是单数，名词作主语。故填drught。
（9）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在中国北方，春旱很常见，而且这个季节的降雨量很低，只占年平均降雨量的10%到15%。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the rainfall f this seasn，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用which引导该从句。故填which。
（10）考查形容词比较级。句意：因此，当天气变暖，降雨量增加时，雨水被认为是灌溉的关键时期。此处表示"天气转暖"，所以用形容词比较级。故填warmer。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了24节气中的雨水。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear fellw students，
As we all knw，we have tw days ff every week this semester t ensure that we can keep a balance between study and rest.【高分句型一】Hwever，sme f the students are s addicted t cmputer games that they are reduced t cpying hmewrk and being sleepy in class，which may nt nly hinder the prgress but als lead t an unpleasant learning atmsphere.（说明问题并分析原因）
I prpse we better manage ur time ff，finish ur hmewrk n time and get enugh rest t make gd preparatins fr the class.Of equal imprtance is t actively engage urselves in class，which will help us stay fcused and bring abut mre effective learning utcmes.【高分句型二】（提出建议并倡议营造浓厚学风）
Let's take actin immediately t create a better learning atmsphere!（呼吁）
The Students' Unin
【解析】高分句型一：As we all knw，we have tw days ff every week this semester t ensure that we can keep a balance between study and rest.
翻译：众所周知，这学期我们每周休息两天，以确保我们能在学习和休息之间保持平衡。
分析：本句使用了that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：Of equal imprtance is t actively engage urselves in class，which will help us stay fcused and bring abut mre effective learning utcmes.
翻译：同样重要的是积极参与课堂，这将帮助我们保持专注，并带来更有效的学习成果。
分析：本句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】Sn，drivers and passers-by stpped and made generus purchases." It is really cnsiderate f yu t d this.Please dnate the change!" Tuched by the behavir f Edisn，peple generusly dnated."Thank yu!" Edisn expressed his gratitude t everyne wh lent a helping hand.【高分句型一】With the cllected funds，the family purchased essential supplies，such as fd，water，blankets and tys.Thugh they were physically exhausted，they felt happy inside.（许多人慷慨解囊，一天下来尽管他们身体疲惫，但内心却很快乐。）
The family decided t g t the disaster-stricken island and ffer their time and effrts.At the sight f the ruined huses and frests，they were stunned.Hlding back their tears，they encuraged the victims and distributed the supplies t the families in need.Edisn's parents wrked alngside the ther vlunteers t rebuild the damaged huses.Edisn felt a sense f pride knwing that they played a part in helping Hawaiians recver frm the wildfire.It was the pwer f cming tgether in times f need that made a difference.【高分句型二】（Edisn一家人去到了灾区帮助灾民，Edisn感到很自豪）
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了小Edisn通过卖气泡水来帮助灾区孩子的故事。
高分句型一：Edisn expressed his gratitude t everyne wh lent a helping hand.
翻译：爱迪生对所有伸出援手的人表示感谢。
分析：本句使用了wh引导的限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：It was the pwer f cming tgether in times f need that made a difference.
翻译：正是在需要的时候团结在一起的力量产生了影响。
分析：本句使用了强调句式。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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