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2022-2023学年江苏省南京市六校联合体高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省南京市六校联合体高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，任务型读写，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年江苏省南京市六校联合体高一（下）期末英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Discover Jiangsu
Known as the land of water，China's coastal province of Jiangsu has all the geographical advantages to give it a starring role in the epic（史诗般的） tale of China's ancient Maritime（海上的） Silk Road.With busy port cities，historic sites and breathtaking natural beauty，Jiangsu is the perfect place to follow the story of this remarkable trade route.
Nanjing and the voyages of Zheng He
At the beginning of the Ming dynasty，the city of Nanjing in Jiangsu was declared capital of China.Besides building one of the longest city walls in history，the emperor ordered the construction of vast "treasure ships" in 1403.Under Zheng He's command，the ships finished seven epic ocean voyages，reaching as far as the east coast of Africa.
Nantong and overseas trade
In Jiangsu's port city of Nantong，goods have flowed in and out of the province by water for centuries.Beyond Lusi Port Town，a busy seascape of boats travel on the waters of Jiangsu's coast.It's a scene that shows how China's historic Maritime Silk Road remains successful until this day.Yancheng and unspoiled nature
Salt was one of the commodities （商品） that played a key role in the history of trade in Jiangsu，contributing to the wealth of the province.A major source was the tidal（潮汐的） salt flats of Yancheng，which literally means "salt city".This remarkable landscape also plays host to some rare bird species like cranes，egrets，and spoonbill sandpipers.
Yangzhou and the spread of Buddhism
In the Jiangsu city of Yangzhou，a Tang-dynasty monk by the name of Jianzhen set sail to Japan to spread the teachings of Buddhism.Daming Temple，where Jianzhen lived，can still be visited today.
1. What made Jiangsu an Ancient Gateway to the Maritime Silk Road？ ______
A. Its Buddhist art. B. Its remarkable seascape.
C. Its wealth and power. D. Its geographical advantages.
2. Which city has a historic temple as a big tourist attraction？ ______
A. Nanjing. B. Nantong. C. Yancheng. D. Yangzhou.
3. Where is this text probably taken from？ ______
A. A geography magazine. B. An academic report.
C. An economic s book. D. A travel blog.
B
As parents, we always hope to develop character traits in our children that will enhance their success in life. When our daughter Meegan, the eldest of five children, lost her front tooth at the age of six, we found the following note wrapped around the tiny tooth.
Der Tooth Fairy,
Please leave me your magic wand(杖). I want to be a tooth fairy, too.
Luv Meegan
Recognizing potential leadership skills, precious opportunity and the teachable moment, the "Tooth Fairy" left the following note for little Meegan:
Dear Meegan,
I have worked hard to be a good Tooth Fairy and I love my job. You are too young for the job just now, so I cannot give you my wand. But there are some things that you can start to do to prepare yourself for the job:
1) Always do your best in every job that you do.
2) Treat all people as you wish to be treated.
3) Be kind and helpful to others.
4) Always listen carefully whenever people speak to you. I will interview you one day when you are older and ready for the job.
Good Luck, Meegan!
The Tooth Fairy
Meegan was thrilled at the response from the Tooth Fairy. She took the message to heart and carefully followed the instructions, always working to improve as she grew. Her character, her strength and her leadership skills grew right along with her. After graduating magna cum laude(以优秀成绩) from college, Meegan accepted a challenging management position. She excelled, and by age 27, she was the top manager of the company.
One day Meegan and I were talking about her success. She told me that the company president had once asked her what influences had motivated her toward success.
"What did you tell him?" I asked.
She replied, "My parents, my teacher and my friends. And, of course, the Tooth Fairy!"
4. What does the underlined phrase "the teachable moment" refer to?
A. Meegan lost a tooth. B. Meegan wrapped a tooth.
C. Meegan wrote a note. D. Meegan received a note.
5. Who wrote the reply note to Meegan?
A. The Tooth Fairy. B. Her parents.
C. Her teacher. D. Her friends.
6. Why was the message so carefully followed by Meegan?
A. It helped Meegan see her goal reachable.
B. It promised Meegan a high-ranking position.
C. It demonstrated desirable character traits to Meegan.
D. It taught Meegan to build enjoyable interpersonal relationships.
7. How did Meegan become so successful?
A. She was gifted with supernatural power.
B. She was appreciated for outstanding talent.
C. She was motivated to develop fine qualities.
D. She was encouraged to work in a challenging position.
C
China's space industry has made great achievements，which makes us occupy a place in the world space field.After 11 years，China has finally completed its Tiangong space station with the docking（对接） its Mengtian lab module，establishing the Tiangong as the second operational space station apart from the US-led，multinational International Space Station.
On November 1，the Mengtian lab module，the third and final part of its Tiangong space station docked with the core Tianhe module 13 hours after being launched.Next，the Tianhe and Mengtian modules will dock with the Wentian lab module，completing Tiangong's T-shaped basic structure.The 17.88-meter-long，23-ton Mengtian module is the heaviest operational single-cabin （舱） active spacecraft in orbit.Mengtian consists of a work cabin，a goods air lock cabin，a payload cabin and resource cabin.In addition，it has eight scientific experiment rooms and 37 extravehicular （舱外的） installation （安装） options.
One of the more ambitious aims of China's space program is to position the country as a leading provider of space-based international public goods and services，such as planetary defense.Last month，Asia Times reported about China's plans to conduct its first asteroid （行星）direction-changing test in 2025 or 2026.China has also taken pioneering steps in Mar exploration.A good example is the completion of China's Tianwen-1 Mars mission.China has also stated that it is willing to share scientific data from its Tianwen-l mission at an appropriate time and that scientists are welcome to apply for research over the data.
Moreover，China has also announced plans to send men to the moon，helping its future settlement and economic use.And China and Russia plan to establish a permanent moon base by 2027.The base，the International Lunar Research Station，is seen as an experimental complex designed for multiple scientific activities.
Reflecting China's open-door space policy，the Tiangong is designed to be "inclusive"and adaptable for foreign astronauts.
8. Which statement is true about the Mengtian module according to the text？ ______
A. It has docked with the Wentian lab module.
B. It is an significant part of Tiangong space station.
C. It is made up of four scientific experiment cabins.
D. It is heavier than all the other single-cabin spaceships.
9. Why did the author mention "China's plan"in paragraph 4？ ______
A. To present a fact. B. To explain a rule.
C. To clarify a concept. D. To make a prediction.
10. How will China explore the moon？ ______
A. By sending men to the settlement of the moon.
B. By providing clear photos of the planet's surface.
C. By sharing scientific data from its Tianwen-1 mission.
D. By setting up a moon base for multiple scientific activities.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. International Space Station Suffers Wear and Tear.
B. Side by Side，China Works with UN Member States.
C. Step by Step，China Finds Its Footing in Outer Space.
D. Tiangong Space Station Is Established Little by Little.
D
There's no doubt that positive thinking impacts one's life.However，in recent years，I've come to understand that perhaps positive thinking can result in toxic （有毒的） positivity，which has negative consequences.What we should be aiming for instead is emotional validation （确认）.
Toxic positivity is the maintenance of positive thinking even in situations where it isn't appropriate. "It often comes at the risk of denying our own real feelings or the feelings of others，" says Nina Vasan，MD.While positive thinking in general is a great thing，toxic positivity isn't.It's the act of denying anything negative that's actually happening，and it can involve making people feel bad for having normal human emotions.Someone practicing toxic positivity might say things like "everything happens for a reason" or "just look on the bright side" when a friend shares something difficult in his/her life.
Vasan tells us that with toxic positivity，emotions like sorrow and anger are pushed aside.However，emotional validation allows you to have your feelings.To be exact，emotional validation is about allowing people to experience their feelings and acknowledging that having negative feelings is real and often important.That doesn't mean it promotes and encourages negative thinking endlessly，though.
Toxic positivity encourages us to focus only on the positive，which can stop us from dealing with the feelings we need to work through.Practicing emotional validation is a healthier option for you and the ones you love. "This can be as simple as saying 'I understand you're really sad'." explains Vasan.Offering your understanding shows our loved ones that we care about their feelings.Besides，instead of telling someone to look on the bright side，you should offer words and thoughts of support instead.
Toxic positivity has become prevalent，and you probably know a lot of people who dismiss your negative experiences with statements like "You're too sensitive".Now you can say：Whatever you're feeling is temporary and allowing yourself to feel it will help you get through it.
12. What is emotional validation？ ______
A. Permitting emotional ups and downs.
B. Denying people's negative feelings.
C. Maintaining positive in hard times.
D. Avoiding risks in terrible situations.
13. What may the author recommend you to say to a sad person？ ______
A. Perhaps something fortunate is still waiting for you.
B. I'm sure there's a good reason for what has happened.
C. I understand your sadness but being sensitive is no good.
D. You have every right to feel upset and I am here for you.
14. What does the underlined word "prevalent" in the last paragraph probably mean？ ______
A. Complicated. B. Widespread. C. Instructive. D. Essential.
15. What is the main idea of the text？ ______
A. Promoting positivity is worthwhile.
B. Admitting negativity is reasonable.
C. Sticking to positivity is significant.
D. Expressing negativity is inappropriate.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Everyone learns a little bit differently.Finding out your learning style will show you how to best improve your understanding of different topics.
Read about and experiment with different learning styles.There are many ways you can use to research a topic.Head to your local library and ask the reference librarian.（1） ______ Then，start experimenting with different learning styles.It can be useful to try a new method of learning to figure out which one is your style.
Take several self-assessments and identify which style is best for you.You can find a number of websites offering free，online quizzes （测试） to help analyze your preferred learning styles based on your responses.Search the web for a reliable site，and take several quizzes，as it's common to get different results.（2） ______
Reflect on your experiences.The results of your self-assessments can give you a good idea of which learning style applies to you.（3） ______ Combine what you know about yourself with the results of your quizzes.
（ 4） ______ It can be helpful to get some additional feedback to determine your learning style.Talk to your current or past teachers.Ask them for tips about how to improve your quality of learning.
Put your findings to the test.Once you've determined your learning style，you can adapt your educational experiences so that you can learn more quickly and easily.（5） ______ As you get to know yourself better，you'll figure out the best way for you to access and remember information.
A.Learn with others.
B.Talk to a professor.
C.You will be more likely to find out new information.
D.Or ask the guidance consultant at your school for some information.
E.This may show that you learn best with a combination of learning styles.
F.However，it is important to take some time to think about your personal preferences.
G.For example，if you find you're a visual learner，use images when approaching a new topic.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
It was the selection process for a Ph.D program.The 2-day interview got off to a（n）（1） ______ start when the professor I most wanted to work with was so（2） ______ by my competitor's presentation that he gave her a high-five.I reminded myself there was more than one spot to be filled，and headed to dinner.There，my future adviser found me. "It's（3） ______ of you to apply with such a track record，"he said. "Don' t（4） ______ visiting my lab tomorrow."I wasn't sure whether to feel（5） ______ or teased （取笑），but I knew I needed to impress him to have a chance.
The next day，in the room full of my（6） ______ ，the professor invited me to the microscope.Accidentally，my finger got caught between the two buttons of his shirt and made the shirt open.The others were frozen with （7） ______ ，but I kept calm and （8） ______ the situation.I apologized and then turned to the science.
Years later，I asked my adviser why he（9） ______ me，even if my track record was（10） ______ and I had made a fool of myself. "That's simple，"he replied."I was looking for a troubleshooter who won't（11） ______ at a time of crisis.And this is exactly what you（12） ______ ."At that moment，I（13） ______ that maybe the obvious troubles during the interview happened not to me but for me，because otherwise I would have had no（14） ______ to stand out.
Since then，when facing（15） ______ ，I've managed to stay positive.
21. A. quick B. fresh C. amazing D. discouraging
22. A. shocked B. relieved C. impressed D. confused
23. A. smart B. kind C. brave D. strange
24. A. miss B. consider C. appreciate D. fancy
25. A. amused B. praised C. judged D. abandoned
26. A. judges B. assistants C. classmates D. competitors
27. A. curiosity B. awkwardness C. fear D. excitement
28. A. recovered B. simplified C. controlled D. recognized
29. A. invited B. selected C. suggested D. detected
30. A. unique B. universal C. weak D. lost
31. A. break down B. slow down C. take on D. move on
32. A. believed B. understood C. explained D. displayed
33. A. expected B. realized C. decided D. announced
34. A. intention B. attempt C. choice D. chance
35. A. challenges B. injustice C. failures D. desperation
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Wandering sounds，irregular rhythms and a carrier of gentle emotions.This is the musical language of guqin，（1） ______ seven-string instrument created in ancient China.
The earliest piece of guqin in China（2） ______ （date） back to the Zhou Dynasty.（3） ______ （compose） of lacquered （喷漆的） wood and the strings of twisted silk，the body of a guqi n looks quite simple，（4） ______ unlike its seemingly simple appearance，（ 5） ______ （ make） a guqin is rather demanding.An outstanding piece can take anywhere from two to several decades to craft.It is a（6） ______ （ fantasy） achievement of art and time.
The tone of a guqin is quiet，spiritual and distant，with abundant empty notes in between，living up to listeners' （7） ______ （expect） of amazing music.As the listener fills in the their empty minds，a connection is formed between music and man.
The guqin was favored by learned people in ancient China.The most famous guqin musician was Yu Boya（8） ______ the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods.As he played his guqin in the mountains，a woodcutter named Zhong Ziqi heard the （9） ______ （ extraordinary）amazing music and understood what Yu wanted to express.This deep understanding made them become close friends.This is the famous guqin masterpiece，High Mountains and Flowing Water，（ 10） ______ story has been passed down through generations.
This graceful dialogue，travelling for thousands of years，is continuing to this day.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、任务型读写（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
37. 阅读下而材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As a single mother,I've never doubted my daughter Jane's dream to be a singer on the stage.At an early age,she was crazy about singing.Whenever she had a chance,she would sing to her heart's content.Her sweet and charming voice tended to get people around attracted to her songs.
Living in a small city,I took several odd jobs,determined to do everything in my power to support her.Soon after Jane attended school,her music teacher Mary noticed her talent by chance and volunteered to give her some guidance on how to sing.Jane practiced so hard that before long she made great progress in singing.
Unfortunately,one noon a year later,Jane was crossing the street when a careless driver knocked her down.She was rushed to hospital.When I hurried there,the doctor told me that my daughter would probably not stand on her own feet.I froze with shock,feeling as if I had been thrown into a dark world.Weak and dizzy,I was about to fall to the ground when someone took hold of me.
It was Mary,who got the news and raced here.She comforted me,saying firmly, "Grace,Jane needs you.You must stay calm and strong." I nodded.Having calmed down,I entered the ward with Mary.
That night,Jane recovered her consciousness （知觉） and opened her eyes.Holding her hand,I said, "My dear,everything would be fine." Mary comforted her gently, "I know you are a strong girl,Jane.Don't worry.We'll be standing by you." I was heartbroken to see tears streaming down Jane's cheeks.
After two months,we returned home from hospital.Her teachers and friends frequently visited her.Jane eventually accepted the fact that she would have to get around in a wheelchair.Never did she refer to the subject of singing again.I knew she was a nice and understanding girl,who was afraid that talking about her original dream would upset the two of us.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day,however,Mary came with good news._______________
When the host announced it was Jane's turn,she was wheeled onto the stage._______________
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
38. 假定你是李华，你校英语社团将举办名为"My Favourite Painter"的分享活动。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
（1）你最喜欢的画家；
（2）此画家作品特点。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为 80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear fellow students，
___________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Known as the land of water，China's coastal province of Jiangsu has all the geographical advantages to give it a starring role in the epic（史诗般的） tale of China's ancient Maritime（海上的） Silk Road.（被称为"水之乡"的中国沿海省份江苏拥有所有的地理优势，使其在中国古代海上丝绸之路的史诗故事中扮演主角。）可知，江苏的地理优势使之成为通往海上丝绸之路的古老大门。故选D。
（2）根据最后一段 In the Jiangsu city of Yangzhou，a Tang-dynasty monk by the name of Jianzhen set sail to Japan to spread the teachings of Buddhism.Daming Temple，where Jianzhen lived，can still be visited today.（在江苏省扬州市，一位名叫鉴真的唐朝僧人乘船前往日本传播佛教教义。鉴真居住的大明寺，至今仍可参观。）可知，扬州拥有一座历史悠久的寺庙，是一个很大的旅游景点。故选D。
（3）文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了江苏在中国古代海上丝绸之路上发挥着重要作用，我们可以在其港口城市、历史遗迹和自然美景中追寻这条贸易线路的故事。因此，文章关注的是中国古代海上丝绸之路背景下的江苏的人文地理和自然地理，应该出自地理杂志。故选A。
这篇文章主要介绍了中国沿海省份江苏作为中国古代海上丝绸之路的重要角色，拥有繁忙的港口城市、历史遗迹和令人惊叹的自然美景。文章提到了南京作为明朝时期的中国首都，郑和率领的宝船完成了七次史诗般的远洋航行，达到了非洲东海岸。南通作为江苏的港口城市，几个世纪以来一直是进出省份的货物的重要通道。盐是江苏贸易史上起着关键作用的商品之一，而盐城的潮滩是主要的盐源地。最后，文章提到了扬州，一个唐代的和尚前往日本传播佛教教义，大明寺至今仍可参观。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4~7.【答案】C、B、A、C
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个女孩Meegan在“牙仙子”的鼓励下，一直努力成长，改进自己的性格和领导能力，最终，她成为了一名成功的管理者。故事告诉我们，家长应该培养孩子的性格特质，让他们在成长过程中不断进步和成长。同时，也要教育孩子做好每一份工作，善待他人，帮助他人和认真倾听别人的话，这些都是成为一名优秀领导者的重要素质。
1. 根据第一段第二句When our daughter Meegan...we found the following note wrapped around the tiny tooth.（我们的女儿Meegan是五个孩子中最大的一个，她在六岁时掉了门牙，我们在那颗小牙齿周围发现了下面这张纸条。）和第一个纸条的内容Please leave me your magic wand(杖). I want to be a tooth fairy, too.（请把你的魔法棒给我。我也想成为牙仙子。）以及第三段Recognizing potential leadership skills, precious opportunity and the teachable moment, the "Tooth Fairy" left the following note for little Meegan：（认识到潜在的领导能力，宝贵的机会和教育的时刻，"牙仙子"给小Meegan留下了以下留言：）可知，划线的词the teachable moment指的是上文中Meegan写的一张纸条。结合选项A.（Meegan掉了一颗牙）；B.（Meegan包了一颗牙）；C.（Meegan写了一张纸条）；D.（Meegan收到了一张便条)。故选C。
2. 根据第一段内容（作为父母，我们总是希望培养孩子的性格特征，这将有助于他们在生活中取得成功。我们的女儿Meegan是五个孩子中最大的一个，她在六岁时掉了门牙，我们在那颗小牙齿周围发现了下面这张纸条。）和第三段Recognizing potential leadership skills, precious opportunity and the teachable moment, the "Tooth Fairy" left the following note for little Meegan：（认识到潜在的领导能力，宝贵的机会和教育的时刻，"牙仙子"给小Meegan留下了以下留言：）可知，Meegan的父母发现了这张纸条，并意识到这是一次极好的教育机会，于是扮成“牙仙子”给她写了回信。故选B。
3. 根据Dear Meegan部分“牙仙子”给Meegan的回信内容可知，信的内容明确告诉了Meegan在工作生活中该怎么做，让Meegan看到了她的目标是可以实现的，因此Meegan把这些话记在心里，仔细地按照指示去做。故选A。
4. 根据倒数第四段内容（Meegan对牙仙子的反应非常激动。她把这句话记在心里，仔细地按照指示去做，随着年龄的增长，她总是努力提高自己。她的性格、力量和领导才能也随着她的成长而成长。在以优异成绩从大学毕业后，Meegan接受了一个具有挑战性的管理职位。她表现出色，到27岁时，她已经是公司的高级经理了。）可知，Meegan在牙仙的鼓励下不断地学习与成长，最终获得成功。结合选项分析可知，C项符合文意。故选C。
8~11.【答案】B、A、D、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段中On November 1，the Mengtian lab module，the third and final part of its Tiangong space station docked with the core Tianhe module 13 hours after being launched.（11月1日，天宫空间站的第三个也是最后一个部分梦天实验舱在发射13个小时后与天和核心舱对接。）以及The 17.88-meter-long，23-ton Mengtian module is the heaviest operational single-cabin active spacecraft in orbit.（梦天实验舱长17.88米，重23吨，是目前在轨运行的最重的单舱现役航天器。）可知，梦天实验舱是天宫空间站的重要组成部分。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段中的And China and Russia plan to establish a permanent moon base by 2027.（中国和俄罗斯计划在2027年之前建立一个永久的月球基地。）可知，本段提及中国将要和俄罗斯一起建立一个永久的月球基地的计划是为了陈述事实。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段中的And China and Russia plan to establish a permanent moon base by 2027.The proposed permanent moon base，the International Lunar Research Station（ILRS），is seen as an experimental complex designed for multiple scientific activities.（中国和俄罗斯计划在2027年之前建立一个永久的月球基地。拟议中的永久月球基地国际月球研究站（ILRS）被视为一个用于多项科学活动的实验综合体。）可知，中国通过建立月球基地进行多项科学活动来探索月球。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。通读全文，结合第一段After 11 years，China has finally completed its Tiangong space station with the docking （对接） its Mengtian lab module，establishing the Tiangong as the second operational space station apart from the US-led，multinational International Space Station （ISS）.（经过11年的努力，中国终于完成了天宫空间站与梦天实验舱的对接，使天宫成为美国领导的多国国际空间站（ISS）之外的第二个运行空间站。）以及第三段中的One of the more ambitious aims of China's space program is to position the country as a leading provider of space-based international public goods and services，such as planetary defense.（中国太空计划的一个更雄心勃勃的目标是将中国定位为国际天基公共产品和服务的领先提供者，例如行星防御。）以及第四段中的Moreover，China has also announced plans to send men to the moon，paving the potential way for its future settlement and economic use.And China and Russia plan to establish a permanent moon base by 2027.（此外，中国还宣布了将人类送上月球的计划，为未来在月球定居和经济利用铺平了潜在道路。中国和俄罗斯计划在2027年之前建立一个永久的月球基地。）可知，本文从梦天实验舱成功与天宫空间站对接入手，介绍了中国的太空计划和成就。因此C项Step by Step，China Finds Its Footing in Outer Space"中国在太空领域一步一步站稳脚跟"适合作为文章标题。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。本文从梦天实验舱成功与天宫空间站对接入手，介绍了中国的太空计划和成就。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】A、D、B、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段However，emotional validation allows you to have your feelings.To be exact，emotional validation is about allowing people to experience their feelings and acknowledging that having negative feelings is real and often important.（然而，情感上的认可让你有自己的感受。确切地说，情感验证就是允许人们体验他们的感受，承认有负面感受是真实的，而且往往很重要。可知，情感认可是承认情感的起伏变动。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据最后一段中Now you can say：Whatever you're feeling is temporary and allowing yourself to feel it will help you get through it.（现在你可以说：无论你的感觉是暂时的，允许自己去感受它会帮助你度过它。）及倒数第二段中Besides，instead of telling someone to look on the bright side，you should offer words and thoughts of support instead.（此外，不要告诉别人往好的方面看，你应该用语言和思想来支持他。）可知，对于一个伤心的人，作者可能会建议我们说：你有权感到难过，而我会支持你。故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据画线词后的you probably know a lot of people who dismiss your negative experiences with statements like "You're too sensitive"（你可能认识很多人，他们用"你太敏感了"这样的话来驳斥你的负面经历。）可知，像这样否认他人负面感受的人很多，所以有害的积极应该是变得普遍了。A．Complicated复杂的；B．Widespread普遍的；C．Instructive有启发性的；D．Essential至关重要的。故选B。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段中What we should be aiming for instead is emotional validation （确认）.（相反，我们应该瞄准的是情感上的认可。）以及全文内容可知，作者认为积极的思维方式有可能会带来有害的积极，引发负面的结果，建议我们去追求情感认可，正视自己的、他人的负面情感。因此，B项"承认负面情感是合理的"符合文章大意。故选B。
本文是一篇议论文。作者认为积极的思维方式有可能会带来有害的积极，引发负面的结果。文章具体说明了有害的积极的内涵，它可能引发负面结果的原因，建议我们去追求情感认可，正视自己的、他人的负面情感。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】D、E、F、B、G
【解析】（1）联系上文题。上文There are many ways you can use to research a topic.Head to your local library and ask the reference librarian.（有很多方法可以用来研究一个主题。去当地的图书馆问问参考图书管理员。）可知，此处说明有很多方式去进行主题研究，接着列举了一个例子即去图书馆问参考图书管理员。空格处应该填写另外一个方式，而D项"或者向你学校的指导顾问咨询一些信息。"指出另外一个方式即向学校的指导顾问咨询一些信息，符合上下文，故选D。
（2）联系上文题。上文Search the web for a reliable site，and take several quizzes，as it's common to get different results.（在网上搜索一个可靠的网站，做几个测试，因为得到不同的结果是很常见的。）可知，可以通过搜索网站，做一些测试，得到不同的结果。E项"这可能表明，结合不同的学习方式，你学得最好。"中的this代表前面这种实验结果，形成呼应。故选E。
（3）联系上文题。根据上文Reflect on your experiences.The results of your self-assessments can give you a good idea of which learning style applies to you.（反思你的经历。自我评估的结果可以让你很好地了解哪种学习风格适合你。）可知，此处指出通过自我评估的结果反思一下自己的经历，空格处为转折关系，花点时间考虑个人喜好，与下文把对自己爱好的了解结合起来相照应。F选项"然而，花点时间考虑一下你的个人喜好是很重要的。"符合语境。故选F。
（4）联系下文题。根据下文Talk to your current or past teachers.Ask them for tips about how to improve your quality of learning.（和你现在或过去的老师谈谈。向他们请教如何提高你的学习质量。）可知，和现在或者过去的老师谈谈，向他们请教。所以空格处与老师有关。B选项"和教授谈谈。"概括本段内容。故选B。
（5）联系上文题。上文Once you've determined your learning style，you can adapt your educational experiences so that you can learn more quickly and easily.（一旦你确定了你的学习方式，你就可以调整你的教育经历，这样你就可以更快更容易地学习。）可知，此处强调一旦你确定了自己的学习方式，你就可以调整自己的学习方式，这样可以帮助你学得又快又轻松，空格处为举例子，对前文进行解释。G
选项"例如，如果你发现自己是一个视觉学习者，在接触新话题时使用图像。"承接前文，符合语境。故选G。
本文是说明文。文章介绍了每个人的学习方式都不一样。这里有很多方式可以去研究一个主题。做自我评估，反思经历，请教老师，更好的了解自己，并且付诸行动。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】D、C、C、A、B、D、B、C、B、C、A、D、B、D、A
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.quick快速的；B.fresh新鲜的；C.amazing惊人的；D.discouraging令人沮丧的。句意：为期两天的面试一开始就令人沮丧，我最想合作的教授对我竞争对手的演讲印象深刻，他和她击掌。根据后文"my competitor's presentation that he gave her a high-five"可知，作者想合作的教授和对手击掌了，所以是令人沮丧。故选D。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.shocked震惊的；B.relieved安慰的；C.impressed印象深刻的；D.confused困惑的。句意：为期两天的面试一开始就令人沮丧，我最想合作的教授对我竞争对手的演讲印象深刻，他和她击掌。根据后文"my competitor's presentation that he gave her a high-five"可知，对手的演讲印象深刻，让教授与之击掌了。故选C。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.smart聪明的；B.kind善良的；C.brave勇敢的；D.strange奇怪的。句意：他说："你有这样的履历来申请，真是太勇敢了。"根据后文"of you to apply with such a track record"以及下文"even if my track record was"提到作者的过往经历很差，可知，指作者来申请职位是勇敢的行为，故选C。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.miss错过；B.consider考虑；C.appreciate感激；D.fancy喜欢。句意："明天不要错过参观我的实验室。"根据后文"the professor invited me to the microscope"可知，教授让作者不要错过参观实验室。故选A。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.amused娱乐；B.praised赞美；C.judged判断；D.abandoned抛弃。句意：我不确定是该受到表扬还是被嘲笑，但我知道我需要给他留下深刻印象，才能得到机会。根据后文"or teased"可遏制，作者不知道对方是在表扬还是嘲笑自己，故选B。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.judges裁判；B.assistants助手；C.classmates同学；D.competitors竞争对手。句意：第二天，在满是竞争对手的房间里，教授邀请我去看显微镜。呼应上文"my competitor's presentation"指作者和竞争对手都在房间里。故选D。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.curiosity好奇；B.awkwardness尴尬；C.fear恐惧；D.excitement激动。句意：其他人都尴尬得僵住了，但我保持冷静，控制住了局面。根据上文"Accidentally，my finger got caught between the two buttons of his shirt and made the shirt open.（一不小心，我的手指夹在他衬衫的两个扣子之间，把衬衫拉开了）"可知，发生了很尴尬的场景，故选B。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.recovered恢复；B.simplified简化；C.controlled控制；D.recognized识别。句意：其他人都尴尬得僵住了，但我保持冷静，控制住了局面。根据上文"but I kept calm and"可知，作者保持冷静，控制住了局面。故选C。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.invited邀请；B.selected选择；C.suggested建议；D.detected检测。句意：多年以后，我问我的导师，为什么他选择了我，尽管我的过往记录很差，而且我也出丑了。根据上文"Years later，I asked my adviser why he"指作者询问导师选择自己的原因，故选B。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.unique独特的；B.universal普遍的；C.weak虚弱的，差的；D.lost迷路的。句意：多年以后，我问我的导师，为什么他选择了我，尽管我的过往记录很差，而且我也出丑了。根据后文"and I had made a fool of myself."可知是在列举作者的缺点，即过往记录很差，而且还出丑了。故选C。
（11）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.break down出故障，崩溃；B.slow down减速；C.take on承担；D.move on继续。句意：我在寻找一个在危机时刻不会崩溃的解决问题的人。根据上文"but I kept calm"可知，作者面对危机时刻没有崩溃，是导师需要的人选。故选A。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.believed相信；B.understood理解；C.explained解释；D.displayed展示。句意：这就是你展示的。呼应上文"but I kept calm and"指作者展示出了临危不惧的品质，故选D。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.expected期待；B.realized意识到；C.decided决定；D.announced宣布。句意：那一刻，我意识到，也许面试中明显的麻烦不是发生在我身上，而是为我而发生的，否则我就没有机会脱颖而出了。后文"that maybe the obvious troubles during the interview happened not to me but for me"主要是作者的感悟，即意识到"面试中明显的麻烦不是发生在我身上，而是为我而发生的，否则我就没有机会脱颖而出了"。故选B。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.intention意图；B.attempt尝试；C.choice选择；D.chance机会。句意：那一刻，我意识到，也许面试中明显的麻烦不是发生在我身上，而是为我而发生的，否则我就没有机会脱颖而出了。呼应上文"but I knew I needed to impress him to have a chance"指作者抓住机会脱颖而出。故选D。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.challenges挑战；B.injustice不公正；C.failures失败；D.desperation绝望。句意：从那时起，当面对挑战时，我设法保持积极的态度。呼应上文"at a time of crisis"指面对挑战或是危机，作者也设法保持积极。故选A。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参与博士项目的选拔过程中，遇到危机，临危不惧最终被导师选中的故事。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】a
【小题2】dates
【小题3】Composed
【小题4】but
【小题5】making
【小题6】fantastic
【小题7】expectations
【小题8】in/during
【小题9】extraordinarily
【小题10】whose
【解析】 （1）考查冠词。句意：这是中国古代创造的七弦乐器古琴的音乐语言。instrument为可数名词，此处为泛指且seven-string是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
（2）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：中国最早的古琴可以追溯到周朝。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为The earliest piece of guqin，谓语用三单形式。故填dates。
（3）考查过去分词。句意：古琴的琴身由漆木和丝弦组成，琴身看起来很简单，但与它看似简单的外表不同，制作古琴的要求相当高。短语be composed of表示"由……组成"，此处省略be，过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Composed。
（4）考查连词。句意：古琴的琴身由漆木和丝弦组成，琴身看起来很简单，但与它看似简单的外表不同，制作古琴的要求相当高。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
（5）考查动名词。句意：古琴的琴身由漆木和丝弦组成，琴身看起来很简单，但与它看似简单的外表不同，制作古琴的要求相当高。作句子的主语应用动名词形式。故填making。
（6）考查形容词。句意：这是艺术和时代的惊人成就。修饰后文名词achievement应用形容词fantastic，作定语。故填fantastic。
（7）考查可数名词的复数。句意：古琴的音色安静、灵动、悠远，其间穿插着丰富的空音符，不辜负听者对美妙音乐的期待。作宾语，应用名词expectation，expectation一词用作"期待"讲时，多用复数。结合上文listeners'可知应用复数形式。故填expectations。
（8）考查介词。句意：最著名的古琴演奏家是春秋战国时期的虞伯牙。表示"在……期间"应用介词in/during。故填in/during。
（9）考查副词。句意：当他在山上弹奏古琴时，一位名叫钟子期的樵夫听到了这非凡的美妙音乐，并理解了他想表达的意思。修饰后文形容词amazing应用副词extraordinarily，作状语。故填extraordinarily。
（10）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这就是著名的古琴名作《高山流水》，它的故事代代相传。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词masterpiece，关系词在从句中作定语，应用whose。故填whose。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古琴的历史、结构以及有关的故事。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】One day,however,Mary came with good news.She told Jane the school music festival was to be held the next month and that her classmates all expected her to sing on behalf of her class.Jane's eyes sparkled but responded doubtfully, "Can I...？" Mary and I immediately assured her that she could make it.In the following month,with the help of Mary,Jane kept on practicing singing.Beautiful songs echoed in our house again and smiles began to appear on her face.Finally the big day came when she could present herself.（玛丽告诉简希望她代表班级唱歌，简在玛丽的帮助下继续练习，终于可以展示自己了）
When the host announced it was Jane's turn,she was wheeled onto the stage.Jane was greeted with warm applause.As she began to sing,the audience got absorbed in her beautiful voice. 【高分句型一】Seconds after her performance,all the audience rose with thunderous cheers.When wheeled off stage,Jane received praise and bunches of flowers from her teachers and classmates.Jane was moved to tears.The kindness and encouragement from her teachers and classmates stimulated Jane's enthusiasm for life,making her regain confidence in pursuing her original dream,which I will support wholeheartedly.【高分句型二】（简的歌声得到了老师和同学们的赞扬，简重新找回了最初追求梦想的信心）
【解析】略
38.【答案】Dear fellow students，
It's a great honour for me to stand here and address my speech titled "My Favourite Painter".【高分句型一】（开篇点题）
My favorite painter is Zhang Daqian，who is highly respected in the field of art in our country.【高分句型二】（最喜欢的画家）He is a most legendary master of traditional Chinese painting，calligraphy，seal cutting，and poetry in the 20th century.He spent most of his life copying the style of Chinese painting，learning the characteristics and skills of Western painting，and then formed his own unique style，especially the successful landscape painting.（画家作品特点）
I expect you to come to China to appreciate his works personally.You will be struck by the paintings.（期盼）
【解析】高分句型一：It's a great honour for me to stand here and address my speech titled "My Favourite Painter".
翻译：我很荣幸能站在这里发表题为"我最喜欢的画家"的演讲。
分析：本句运用了过去分词短语titled "My Favourite Painter"作后置定语。
高分句型二：My favorite painter is Zhang Daqian，who is highly respected in the field of art in our country.
翻译：我最喜欢的画家是张大千，他在我国美术界很受尊敬。
分析：本句运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。
2022-2023学年江苏省南京市六校联合体高一（下）期末英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Discover Jiangsu
Known as the land of water，China's coastal province of Jiangsu has all the geographical advantages to give it a starring role in the epic（史诗般的） tale of China's ancient Maritime（海上的） Silk Road.With busy port cities，historic sites and breathtaking natural beauty，Jiangsu is the perfect place to follow the story of this remarkable trade route.
Nanjing and the voyages of Zheng He
At the beginning of the Ming dynasty，the city of Nanjing in Jiangsu was declared capital of China.Besides building one of the longest city walls in history，the emperor ordered the construction of vast "treasure ships" in 1403.Under Zheng He's command，the ships finished seven epic ocean voyages，reaching as far as the east coast of Africa.
Nantong and overseas trade
In Jiangsu's port city of Nantong，goods have flowed in and out of the province by water for centuries.Beyond Lusi Port Town，a busy seascape of boats travel on the waters of Jiangsu's coast.It's a scene that shows how China's historic Maritime Silk Road remains successful until this day.Yancheng and unspoiled nature
Salt was one of the commodities （商品） that played a key role in the history of trade in Jiangsu，contributing to the wealth of the province.A major source was the tidal（潮汐的） salt flats of Yancheng，which literally means "salt city".This remarkable landscape also plays host to some rare bird species like cranes，egrets，and spoonbill sandpipers.
Yangzhou and the spread of Buddhism
In the Jiangsu city of Yangzhou，a Tang-dynasty monk by the name of Jianzhen set sail to Japan to spread the teachings of Buddhism.Daming Temple，where Jianzhen lived，can still be visited today.
1. What made Jiangsu an Ancient Gateway to the Maritime Silk Road？ ______
A. Its Buddhist art. B. Its remarkable seascape.
C. Its wealth and power. D. Its geographical advantages.
2. Which city has a historic temple as a big tourist attraction？ ______
A. Nanjing. B. Nantong. C. Yancheng. D. Yangzhou.
3. Where is this text probably taken from？ ______
A. A geography magazine. B. An academic report.
C. An economic s book. D. A travel blog.
B
As parents, we always hope to develop character traits in our children that will enhance their success in life. When our daughter Meegan, the eldest of five children, lost her front tooth at the age of six, we found the following note wrapped around the tiny tooth.
Der Tooth Fairy,
Please leave me your magic wand(杖). I want to be a tooth fairy, too.
Luv Meegan
Recognizing potential leadership skills, precious opportunity and the teachable moment, the "Tooth Fairy" left the following note for little Meegan:
Dear Meegan,
I have worked hard to be a good Tooth Fairy and I love my job. You are too young for the job just now, so I cannot give you my wand. But there are some things that you can start to do to prepare yourself for the job:
1) Always do your best in every job that you do.
2) Treat all people as you wish to be treated.
3) Be kind and helpful to others.
4) Always listen carefully whenever people speak to you. I will interview you one day when you are older and ready for the job.
Good Luck, Meegan!
The Tooth Fairy
Meegan was thrilled at the response from the Tooth Fairy. She took the message to heart and carefully followed the instructions, always working to improve as she grew. Her character, her strength and her leadership skills grew right along with her. After graduating magna cum laude(以优秀成绩) from college, Meegan accepted a challenging management position. She excelled, and by age 27, she was the top manager of the company.
One day Meegan and I were talking about her success. She told me that the company president had once asked her what influences had motivated her toward success.
"What did you tell him?" I asked.
She replied, "My parents, my teacher and my friends. And, of course, the Tooth Fairy!"
4. What does the underlined phrase "the teachable moment" refer to?
A. Meegan lost a tooth. B. Meegan wrapped a tooth.
C. Meegan wrote a note. D. Meegan received a note.
5. Who wrote the reply note to Meegan?
A. The Tooth Fairy. B. Her parents.
C. Her teacher. D. Her friends.
6. Why was the message so carefully followed by Meegan?
A. It helped Meegan see her goal reachable.
B. It promised Meegan a high-ranking position.
C. It demonstrated desirable character traits to Meegan.
D. It taught Meegan to build enjoyable interpersonal relationships.
7. How did Meegan become so successful?
A. She was gifted with supernatural power.
B. She was appreciated for outstanding talent.
C. She was motivated to develop fine qualities.
D. She was encouraged to work in a challenging position.
C
China's space industry has made great achievements，which makes us occupy a place in the world space field.After 11 years，China has finally completed its Tiangong space station with the docking（对接） its Mengtian lab module，establishing the Tiangong as the second operational space station apart from the US-led，multinational International Space Station.
On November 1，the Mengtian lab module，the third and final part of its Tiangong space station docked with the core Tianhe module 13 hours after being launched.Next，the Tianhe and Mengtian modules will dock with the Wentian lab module，completing Tiangong's T-shaped basic structure.The 17.88-meter-long，23-ton Mengtian module is the heaviest operational single-cabin （舱） active spacecraft in orbit.Mengtian consists of a work cabin，a goods air lock cabin，a payload cabin and resource cabin.In addition，it has eight scientific experiment rooms and 37 extravehicular （舱外的） installation （安装） options.
One of the more ambitious aims of China's space program is to position the country as a leading provider of space-based international public goods and services，such as planetary defense.Last month，Asia Times reported about China's plans to conduct its first asteroid （行星）direction-changing test in 2025 or 2026.China has also taken pioneering steps in Mar exploration.A good example is the completion of China's Tianwen-1 Mars mission.China has also stated that it is willing to share scientific data from its Tianwen-l mission at an appropriate time and that scientists are welcome to apply for research over the data.
Moreover，China has also announced plans to send men to the moon，helping its future settlement and economic use.And China and Russia plan to establish a permanent moon base by 2027.The base，the International Lunar Research Station，is seen as an experimental complex designed for multiple scientific activities.
Reflecting China's open-door space policy，the Tiangong is designed to be "inclusive"and adaptable for foreign astronauts.
8. Which statement is true about the Mengtian module according to the text？ ______
A. It has docked with the Wentian lab module.
B. It is an significant part of Tiangong space station.
C. It is made up of four scientific experiment cabins.
D. It is heavier than all the other single-cabin spaceships.
9. Why did the author mention "China's plan"in paragraph 4？ ______
A. To present a fact. B. To explain a rule.
C. To clarify a concept. D. To make a prediction.
10. How will China explore the moon？ ______
A. By sending men to the settlement of the moon.
B. By providing clear photos of the planet's surface.
C. By sharing scientific data from its Tianwen-1 mission.
D. By setting up a moon base for multiple scientific activities.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. International Space Station Suffers Wear and Tear.
B. Side by Side，China Works with UN Member States.
C. Step by Step，China Finds Its Footing in Outer Space.
D. Tiangong Space Station Is Established Little by Little.
D
There's no doubt that positive thinking impacts one's life.However，in recent years，I've come to understand that perhaps positive thinking can result in toxic （有毒的） positivity，which has negative consequences.What we should be aiming for instead is emotional validation （确认）.
Toxic positivity is the maintenance of positive thinking even in situations where it isn't appropriate. "It often comes at the risk of denying our own real feelings or the feelings of others，" says Nina Vasan，MD.While positive thinking in general is a great thing，toxic positivity isn't.It's the act of denying anything negative that's actually happening，and it can involve making people feel bad for having normal human emotions.Someone practicing toxic positivity might say things like "everything happens for a reason" or "just look on the bright side" when a friend shares something difficult in his/her life.
Vasan tells us that with toxic positivity，emotions like sorrow and anger are pushed aside.However，emotional validation allows you to have your feelings.To be exact，emotional validation is about allowing people to experience their feelings and acknowledging that having negative feelings is real and often important.That doesn't mean it promotes and encourages negative thinking endlessly，though.
Toxic positivity encourages us to focus only on the positive，which can stop us from dealing with the feelings we need to work through.Practicing emotional validation is a healthier option for you and the ones you love. "This can be as simple as saying 'I understand you're really sad'." explains Vasan.Offering your understanding shows our loved ones that we care about their feelings.Besides，instead of telling someone to look on the bright side，you should offer words and thoughts of support instead.
Toxic positivity has become prevalent，and you probably know a lot of people who dismiss your negative experiences with statements like "You're too sensitive".Now you can say：Whatever you're feeling is temporary and allowing yourself to feel it will help you get through it.
12. What is emotional validation？ ______
A. Permitting emotional ups and downs.
B. Denying people's negative feelings.
C. Maintaining positive in hard times.
D. Avoiding risks in terrible situations.
13. What may the author recommend you to say to a sad person？ ______
A. Perhaps something fortunate is still waiting for you.
B. I'm sure there's a good reason for what has happened.
C. I understand your sadness but being sensitive is no good.
D. You have every right to feel upset and I am here for you.
14. What does the underlined word "prevalent" in the last paragraph probably mean？ ______
A. Complicated. B. Widespread. C. Instructive. D. Essential.
15. What is the main idea of the text？ ______
A. Promoting positivity is worthwhile.
B. Admitting negativity is reasonable.
C. Sticking to positivity is significant.
D. Expressing negativity is inappropriate.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Everyone learns a little bit differently.Finding out your learning style will show you how to best improve your understanding of different topics.
Read about and experiment with different learning styles.There are many ways you can use to research a topic.Head to your local library and ask the reference librarian.（1） ______ Then，start experimenting with different learning styles.It can be useful to try a new method of learning to figure out which one is your style.
Take several self-assessments and identify which style is best for you.You can find a number of websites offering free，online quizzes （测试） to help analyze your preferred learning styles based on your responses.Search the web for a reliable site，and take several quizzes，as it's common to get different results.（2） ______
Reflect on your experiences.The results of your self-assessments can give you a good idea of which learning style applies to you.（3） ______ Combine what you know about yourself with the results of your quizzes.
（ 4） ______ It can be helpful to get some additional feedback to determine your learning style.Talk to your current or past teachers.Ask them for tips about how to improve your quality of learning.
Put your findings to the test.Once you've determined your learning style，you can adapt your educational experiences so that you can learn more quickly and easily.（5） ______ As you get to know yourself better，you'll figure out the best way for you to access and remember information.
A.Learn with others.
B.Talk to a professor.
C.You will be more likely to find out new information.
D.Or ask the guidance consultant at your school for some information.
E.This may show that you learn best with a combination of learning styles.
F.However，it is important to take some time to think about your personal preferences.
G.For example，if you find you're a visual learner，use images when approaching a new topic.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
It was the selection process for a Ph.D program.The 2-day interview got off to a（n）（1） ______ start when the professor I most wanted to work with was so（2） ______ by my competitor's presentation that he gave her a high-five.I reminded myself there was more than one spot to be filled，and headed to dinner.There，my future adviser found me. "It's（3） ______ of you to apply with such a track record，"he said. "Don' t（4） ______ visiting my lab tomorrow."I wasn't sure whether to feel（5） ______ or teased （取笑），but I knew I needed to impress him to have a chance.
The next day，in the room full of my（6） ______ ，the professor invited me to the microscope.Accidentally，my finger got caught between the two buttons of his shirt and made the shirt open.The others were frozen with （7） ______ ，but I kept calm and （8） ______ the situation.I apologized and then turned to the science.
Years later，I asked my adviser why he（9） ______ me，even if my track record was（10） ______ and I had made a fool of myself. "That's simple，"he replied."I was looking for a troubleshooter who won't（11） ______ at a time of crisis.And this is exactly what you（12） ______ ."At that moment，I（13） ______ that maybe the obvious troubles during the interview happened not to me but for me，because otherwise I would have had no（14） ______ to stand out.
Since then，when facing（15） ______ ，I've managed to stay positive.
21. A. quick B. fresh C. amazing D. discouraging
22. A. shocked B. relieved C. impressed D. confused
23. A. smart B. kind C. brave D. strange
24. A. miss B. consider C. appreciate D. fancy
25. A. amused B. praised C. judged D. abandoned
26. A. judges B. assistants C. classmates D. competitors
27. A. curiosity B. awkwardness C. fear D. excitement
28. A. recovered B. simplified C. controlled D. recognized
29. A. invited B. selected C. suggested D. detected
30. A. unique B. universal C. weak D. lost
31. A. break down B. slow down C. take on D. move on
32. A. believed B. understood C. explained D. displayed
33. A. expected B. realized C. decided D. announced
34. A. intention B. attempt C. choice D. chance
35. A. challenges B. injustice C. failures D. desperation
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Wandering sounds，irregular rhythms and a carrier of gentle emotions.This is the musical language of guqin，（1） ______ seven-string instrument created in ancient China.
The earliest piece of guqin in China（2） ______ （date） back to the Zhou Dynasty.（3） ______ （compose） of lacquered （喷漆的） wood and the strings of twisted silk，the body of a guqi n looks quite simple，（4） ______ unlike its seemingly simple appearance，（ 5） ______ （ make） a guqin is rather demanding.An outstanding piece can take anywhere from two to several decades to craft.It is a（6） ______ （ fantasy） achievement of art and time.
The tone of a guqin is quiet，spiritual and distant，with abundant empty notes in between，living up to listeners' （7） ______ （expect） of amazing music.As the listener fills in the their empty minds，a connection is formed between music and man.
The guqin was favored by learned people in ancient China.The most famous guqin musician was Yu Boya（8） ______ the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods.As he played his guqin in the mountains，a woodcutter named Zhong Ziqi heard the （9） ______ （ extraordinary）amazing music and understood what Yu wanted to express.This deep understanding made them become close friends.This is the famous guqin masterpiece，High Mountains and Flowing Water，（ 10） ______ story has been passed down through generations.
This graceful dialogue，travelling for thousands of years，is continuing to this day.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、任务型读写（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
37. 阅读下而材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As a single mother,I've never doubted my daughter Jane's dream to be a singer on the stage.At an early age,she was crazy about singing.Whenever she had a chance,she would sing to her heart's content.Her sweet and charming voice tended to get people around attracted to her songs.
Living in a small city,I took several odd jobs,determined to do everything in my power to support her.Soon after Jane attended school,her music teacher Mary noticed her talent by chance and volunteered to give her some guidance on how to sing.Jane practiced so hard that before long she made great progress in singing.
Unfortunately,one noon a year later,Jane was crossing the street when a careless driver knocked her down.She was rushed to hospital.When I hurried there,the doctor told me that my daughter would probably not stand on her own feet.I froze with shock,feeling as if I had been thrown into a dark world.Weak and dizzy,I was about to fall to the ground when someone took hold of me.
It was Mary,who got the news and raced here.She comforted me,saying firmly, "Grace,Jane needs you.You must stay calm and strong." I nodded.Having calmed down,I entered the ward with Mary.
That night,Jane recovered her consciousness （知觉） and opened her eyes.Holding her hand,I said, "My dear,everything would be fine." Mary comforted her gently, "I know you are a strong girl,Jane.Don't worry.We'll be standing by you." I was heartbroken to see tears streaming down Jane's cheeks.
After two months,we returned home from hospital.Her teachers and friends frequently visited her.Jane eventually accepted the fact that she would have to get around in a wheelchair.Never did she refer to the subject of singing again.I knew she was a nice and understanding girl,who was afraid that talking about her original dream would upset the two of us.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day,however,Mary came with good news._______________
When the host announced it was Jane's turn,she was wheeled onto the stage._______________
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
38. 假定你是李华，你校英语社团将举办名为"My Favourite Painter"的分享活动。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
（1）你最喜欢的画家；
（2）此画家作品特点。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为 80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear fellow students，
___________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Known as the land of water，China's coastal province of Jiangsu has all the geographical advantages to give it a starring role in the epic（史诗般的） tale of China's ancient Maritime（海上的） Silk Road.（被称为"水之乡"的中国沿海省份江苏拥有所有的地理优势，使其在中国古代海上丝绸之路的史诗故事中扮演主角。）可知，江苏的地理优势使之成为通往海上丝绸之路的古老大门。故选D。
（2）根据最后一段 In the Jiangsu city of Yangzhou，a Tang-dynasty monk by the name of Jianzhen set sail to Japan to spread the teachings of Buddhism.Daming Temple，where Jianzhen lived，can still be visited today.（在江苏省扬州市，一位名叫鉴真的唐朝僧人乘船前往日本传播佛教教义。鉴真居住的大明寺，至今仍可参观。）可知，扬州拥有一座历史悠久的寺庙，是一个很大的旅游景点。故选D。
（3）文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了江苏在中国古代海上丝绸之路上发挥着重要作用，我们可以在其港口城市、历史遗迹和自然美景中追寻这条贸易线路的故事。因此，文章关注的是中国古代海上丝绸之路背景下的江苏的人文地理和自然地理，应该出自地理杂志。故选A。
这篇文章主要介绍了中国沿海省份江苏作为中国古代海上丝绸之路的重要角色，拥有繁忙的港口城市、历史遗迹和令人惊叹的自然美景。文章提到了南京作为明朝时期的中国首都，郑和率领的宝船完成了七次史诗般的远洋航行，达到了非洲东海岸。南通作为江苏的港口城市，几个世纪以来一直是进出省份的货物的重要通道。盐是江苏贸易史上起着关键作用的商品之一，而盐城的潮滩是主要的盐源地。最后，文章提到了扬州，一个唐代的和尚前往日本传播佛教教义，大明寺至今仍可参观。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4~7.【答案】C、B、A、C
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个女孩Meegan在“牙仙子”的鼓励下，一直努力成长，改进自己的性格和领导能力，最终，她成为了一名成功的管理者。故事告诉我们，家长应该培养孩子的性格特质，让他们在成长过程中不断进步和成长。同时，也要教育孩子做好每一份工作，善待他人，帮助他人和认真倾听别人的话，这些都是成为一名优秀领导者的重要素质。
1. 根据第一段第二句When our daughter Meegan...we found the following note wrapped around the tiny tooth.（我们的女儿Meegan是五个孩子中最大的一个，她在六岁时掉了门牙，我们在那颗小牙齿周围发现了下面这张纸条。）和第一个纸条的内容Please leave me your magic wand(杖). I want to be a tooth fairy, too.（请把你的魔法棒给我。我也想成为牙仙子。）以及第三段Recognizing potential leadership skills, precious opportunity and the teachable moment, the "Tooth Fairy" left the following note for little Meegan：（认识到潜在的领导能力，宝贵的机会和教育的时刻，"牙仙子"给小Meegan留下了以下留言：）可知，划线的词the teachable moment指的是上文中Meegan写的一张纸条。结合选项A.（Meegan掉了一颗牙）；B.（Meegan包了一颗牙）；C.（Meegan写了一张纸条）；D.（Meegan收到了一张便条)。故选C。
2. 根据第一段内容（作为父母，我们总是希望培养孩子的性格特征，这将有助于他们在生活中取得成功。我们的女儿Meegan是五个孩子中最大的一个，她在六岁时掉了门牙，我们在那颗小牙齿周围发现了下面这张纸条。）和第三段Recognizing potential leadership skills, precious opportunity and the teachable moment, the "Tooth Fairy" left the following note for little Meegan：（认识到潜在的领导能力，宝贵的机会和教育的时刻，"牙仙子"给小Meegan留下了以下留言：）可知，Meegan的父母发现了这张纸条，并意识到这是一次极好的教育机会，于是扮成“牙仙子”给她写了回信。故选B。
3. 根据Dear Meegan部分“牙仙子”给Meegan的回信内容可知，信的内容明确告诉了Meegan在工作生活中该怎么做，让Meegan看到了她的目标是可以实现的，因此Meegan把这些话记在心里，仔细地按照指示去做。故选A。
4. 根据倒数第四段内容（Meegan对牙仙子的反应非常激动。她把这句话记在心里，仔细地按照指示去做，随着年龄的增长，她总是努力提高自己。她的性格、力量和领导才能也随着她的成长而成长。在以优异成绩从大学毕业后，Meegan接受了一个具有挑战性的管理职位。她表现出色，到27岁时，她已经是公司的高级经理了。）可知，Meegan在牙仙的鼓励下不断地学习与成长，最终获得成功。结合选项分析可知，C项符合文意。故选C。
8~11.【答案】B、A、D、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段中On November 1，the Mengtian lab module，the third and final part of its Tiangong space station docked with the core Tianhe module 13 hours after being launched.（11月1日，天宫空间站的第三个也是最后一个部分梦天实验舱在发射13个小时后与天和核心舱对接。）以及The 17.88-meter-long，23-ton Mengtian module is the heaviest operational single-cabin active spacecraft in orbit.（梦天实验舱长17.88米，重23吨，是目前在轨运行的最重的单舱现役航天器。）可知，梦天实验舱是天宫空间站的重要组成部分。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段中的And China and Russia plan to establish a permanent moon base by 2027.（中国和俄罗斯计划在2027年之前建立一个永久的月球基地。）可知，本段提及中国将要和俄罗斯一起建立一个永久的月球基地的计划是为了陈述事实。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段中的And China and Russia plan to establish a permanent moon base by 2027.The proposed permanent moon base，the International Lunar Research Station（ILRS），is seen as an experimental complex designed for multiple scientific activities.（中国和俄罗斯计划在2027年之前建立一个永久的月球基地。拟议中的永久月球基地国际月球研究站（ILRS）被视为一个用于多项科学活动的实验综合体。）可知，中国通过建立月球基地进行多项科学活动来探索月球。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。通读全文，结合第一段After 11 years，China has finally completed its Tiangong space station with the docking （对接） its Mengtian lab module，establishing the Tiangong as the second operational space station apart from the US-led，multinational International Space Station （ISS）.（经过11年的努力，中国终于完成了天宫空间站与梦天实验舱的对接，使天宫成为美国领导的多国国际空间站（ISS）之外的第二个运行空间站。）以及第三段中的One of the more ambitious aims of China's space program is to position the country as a leading provider of space-based international public goods and services，such as planetary defense.（中国太空计划的一个更雄心勃勃的目标是将中国定位为国际天基公共产品和服务的领先提供者，例如行星防御。）以及第四段中的Moreover，China has also announced plans to send men to the moon，paving the potential way for its future settlement and economic use.And China and Russia plan to establish a permanent moon base by 2027.（此外，中国还宣布了将人类送上月球的计划，为未来在月球定居和经济利用铺平了潜在道路。中国和俄罗斯计划在2027年之前建立一个永久的月球基地。）可知，本文从梦天实验舱成功与天宫空间站对接入手，介绍了中国的太空计划和成就。因此C项Step by Step，China Finds Its Footing in Outer Space"中国在太空领域一步一步站稳脚跟"适合作为文章标题。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。本文从梦天实验舱成功与天宫空间站对接入手，介绍了中国的太空计划和成就。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】A、D、B、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段However，emotional validation allows you to have your feelings.To be exact，emotional validation is about allowing people to experience their feelings and acknowledging that having negative feelings is real and often important.（然而，情感上的认可让你有自己的感受。确切地说，情感验证就是允许人们体验他们的感受，承认有负面感受是真实的，而且往往很重要。可知，情感认可是承认情感的起伏变动。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据最后一段中Now you can say：Whatever you're feeling is temporary and allowing yourself to feel it will help you get through it.（现在你可以说：无论你的感觉是暂时的，允许自己去感受它会帮助你度过它。）及倒数第二段中Besides，instead of telling someone to look on the bright side，you should offer words and thoughts of support instead.（此外，不要告诉别人往好的方面看，你应该用语言和思想来支持他。）可知，对于一个伤心的人，作者可能会建议我们说：你有权感到难过，而我会支持你。故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据画线词后的you probably know a lot of people who dismiss your negative experiences with statements like "You're too sensitive"（你可能认识很多人，他们用"你太敏感了"这样的话来驳斥你的负面经历。）可知，像这样否认他人负面感受的人很多，所以有害的积极应该是变得普遍了。A．Complicated复杂的；B．Widespread普遍的；C．Instructive有启发性的；D．Essential至关重要的。故选B。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段中What we should be aiming for instead is emotional validation （确认）.（相反，我们应该瞄准的是情感上的认可。）以及全文内容可知，作者认为积极的思维方式有可能会带来有害的积极，引发负面的结果，建议我们去追求情感认可，正视自己的、他人的负面情感。因此，B项"承认负面情感是合理的"符合文章大意。故选B。
本文是一篇议论文。作者认为积极的思维方式有可能会带来有害的积极，引发负面的结果。文章具体说明了有害的积极的内涵，它可能引发负面结果的原因，建议我们去追求情感认可，正视自己的、他人的负面情感。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】D、E、F、B、G
【解析】（1）联系上文题。上文There are many ways you can use to research a topic.Head to your local library and ask the reference librarian.（有很多方法可以用来研究一个主题。去当地的图书馆问问参考图书管理员。）可知，此处说明有很多方式去进行主题研究，接着列举了一个例子即去图书馆问参考图书管理员。空格处应该填写另外一个方式，而D项"或者向你学校的指导顾问咨询一些信息。"指出另外一个方式即向学校的指导顾问咨询一些信息，符合上下文，故选D。
（2）联系上文题。上文Search the web for a reliable site，and take several quizzes，as it's common to get different results.（在网上搜索一个可靠的网站，做几个测试，因为得到不同的结果是很常见的。）可知，可以通过搜索网站，做一些测试，得到不同的结果。E项"这可能表明，结合不同的学习方式，你学得最好。"中的this代表前面这种实验结果，形成呼应。故选E。
（3）联系上文题。根据上文Reflect on your experiences.The results of your self-assessments can give you a good idea of which learning style applies to you.（反思你的经历。自我评估的结果可以让你很好地了解哪种学习风格适合你。）可知，此处指出通过自我评估的结果反思一下自己的经历，空格处为转折关系，花点时间考虑个人喜好，与下文把对自己爱好的了解结合起来相照应。F选项"然而，花点时间考虑一下你的个人喜好是很重要的。"符合语境。故选F。
（4）联系下文题。根据下文Talk to your current or past teachers.Ask them for tips about how to improve your quality of learning.（和你现在或过去的老师谈谈。向他们请教如何提高你的学习质量。）可知，和现在或者过去的老师谈谈，向他们请教。所以空格处与老师有关。B选项"和教授谈谈。"概括本段内容。故选B。
（5）联系上文题。上文Once you've determined your learning style，you can adapt your educational experiences so that you can learn more quickly and easily.（一旦你确定了你的学习方式，你就可以调整你的教育经历，这样你就可以更快更容易地学习。）可知，此处强调一旦你确定了自己的学习方式，你就可以调整自己的学习方式，这样可以帮助你学得又快又轻松，空格处为举例子，对前文进行解释。G
选项"例如，如果你发现自己是一个视觉学习者，在接触新话题时使用图像。"承接前文，符合语境。故选G。
本文是说明文。文章介绍了每个人的学习方式都不一样。这里有很多方式可以去研究一个主题。做自我评估，反思经历，请教老师，更好的了解自己，并且付诸行动。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】D、C、C、A、B、D、B、C、B、C、A、D、B、D、A
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.quick快速的；B.fresh新鲜的；C.amazing惊人的；D.discouraging令人沮丧的。句意：为期两天的面试一开始就令人沮丧，我最想合作的教授对我竞争对手的演讲印象深刻，他和她击掌。根据后文"my competitor's presentation that he gave her a high-five"可知，作者想合作的教授和对手击掌了，所以是令人沮丧。故选D。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.shocked震惊的；B.relieved安慰的；C.impressed印象深刻的；D.confused困惑的。句意：为期两天的面试一开始就令人沮丧，我最想合作的教授对我竞争对手的演讲印象深刻，他和她击掌。根据后文"my competitor's presentation that he gave her a high-five"可知，对手的演讲印象深刻，让教授与之击掌了。故选C。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.smart聪明的；B.kind善良的；C.brave勇敢的；D.strange奇怪的。句意：他说："你有这样的履历来申请，真是太勇敢了。"根据后文"of you to apply with such a track record"以及下文"even if my track record was"提到作者的过往经历很差，可知，指作者来申请职位是勇敢的行为，故选C。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.miss错过；B.consider考虑；C.appreciate感激；D.fancy喜欢。句意："明天不要错过参观我的实验室。"根据后文"the professor invited me to the microscope"可知，教授让作者不要错过参观实验室。故选A。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.amused娱乐；B.praised赞美；C.judged判断；D.abandoned抛弃。句意：我不确定是该受到表扬还是被嘲笑，但我知道我需要给他留下深刻印象，才能得到机会。根据后文"or teased"可遏制，作者不知道对方是在表扬还是嘲笑自己，故选B。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.judges裁判；B.assistants助手；C.classmates同学；D.competitors竞争对手。句意：第二天，在满是竞争对手的房间里，教授邀请我去看显微镜。呼应上文"my competitor's presentation"指作者和竞争对手都在房间里。故选D。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.curiosity好奇；B.awkwardness尴尬；C.fear恐惧；D.excitement激动。句意：其他人都尴尬得僵住了，但我保持冷静，控制住了局面。根据上文"Accidentally，my finger got caught between the two buttons of his shirt and made the shirt open.（一不小心，我的手指夹在他衬衫的两个扣子之间，把衬衫拉开了）"可知，发生了很尴尬的场景，故选B。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.recovered恢复；B.simplified简化；C.controlled控制；D.recognized识别。句意：其他人都尴尬得僵住了，但我保持冷静，控制住了局面。根据上文"but I kept calm and"可知，作者保持冷静，控制住了局面。故选C。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.invited邀请；B.selected选择；C.suggested建议；D.detected检测。句意：多年以后，我问我的导师，为什么他选择了我，尽管我的过往记录很差，而且我也出丑了。根据上文"Years later，I asked my adviser why he"指作者询问导师选择自己的原因，故选B。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.unique独特的；B.universal普遍的；C.weak虚弱的，差的；D.lost迷路的。句意：多年以后，我问我的导师，为什么他选择了我，尽管我的过往记录很差，而且我也出丑了。根据后文"and I had made a fool of myself."可知是在列举作者的缺点，即过往记录很差，而且还出丑了。故选C。
（11）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.break down出故障，崩溃；B.slow down减速；C.take on承担；D.move on继续。句意：我在寻找一个在危机时刻不会崩溃的解决问题的人。根据上文"but I kept calm"可知，作者面对危机时刻没有崩溃，是导师需要的人选。故选A。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.believed相信；B.understood理解；C.explained解释；D.displayed展示。句意：这就是你展示的。呼应上文"but I kept calm and"指作者展示出了临危不惧的品质，故选D。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.expected期待；B.realized意识到；C.decided决定；D.announced宣布。句意：那一刻，我意识到，也许面试中明显的麻烦不是发生在我身上，而是为我而发生的，否则我就没有机会脱颖而出了。后文"that maybe the obvious troubles during the interview happened not to me but for me"主要是作者的感悟，即意识到"面试中明显的麻烦不是发生在我身上，而是为我而发生的，否则我就没有机会脱颖而出了"。故选B。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.intention意图；B.attempt尝试；C.choice选择；D.chance机会。句意：那一刻，我意识到，也许面试中明显的麻烦不是发生在我身上，而是为我而发生的，否则我就没有机会脱颖而出了。呼应上文"but I knew I needed to impress him to have a chance"指作者抓住机会脱颖而出。故选D。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.challenges挑战；B.injustice不公正；C.failures失败；D.desperation绝望。句意：从那时起，当面对挑战时，我设法保持积极的态度。呼应上文"at a time of crisis"指面对挑战或是危机，作者也设法保持积极。故选A。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参与博士项目的选拔过程中，遇到危机，临危不惧最终被导师选中的故事。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】a
【小题2】dates
【小题3】Composed
【小题4】but
【小题5】making
【小题6】fantastic
【小题7】expectations
【小题8】in/during
【小题9】extraordinarily
【小题10】whose
【解析】 （1）考查冠词。句意：这是中国古代创造的七弦乐器古琴的音乐语言。instrument为可数名词，此处为泛指且seven-string是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
（2）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：中国最早的古琴可以追溯到周朝。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为The earliest piece of guqin，谓语用三单形式。故填dates。
（3）考查过去分词。句意：古琴的琴身由漆木和丝弦组成，琴身看起来很简单，但与它看似简单的外表不同，制作古琴的要求相当高。短语be composed of表示"由……组成"，此处省略be，过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Composed。
（4）考查连词。句意：古琴的琴身由漆木和丝弦组成，琴身看起来很简单，但与它看似简单的外表不同，制作古琴的要求相当高。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
（5）考查动名词。句意：古琴的琴身由漆木和丝弦组成，琴身看起来很简单，但与它看似简单的外表不同，制作古琴的要求相当高。作句子的主语应用动名词形式。故填making。
（6）考查形容词。句意：这是艺术和时代的惊人成就。修饰后文名词achievement应用形容词fantastic，作定语。故填fantastic。
（7）考查可数名词的复数。句意：古琴的音色安静、灵动、悠远，其间穿插着丰富的空音符，不辜负听者对美妙音乐的期待。作宾语，应用名词expectation，expectation一词用作"期待"讲时，多用复数。结合上文listeners'可知应用复数形式。故填expectations。
（8）考查介词。句意：最著名的古琴演奏家是春秋战国时期的虞伯牙。表示"在……期间"应用介词in/during。故填in/during。
（9）考查副词。句意：当他在山上弹奏古琴时，一位名叫钟子期的樵夫听到了这非凡的美妙音乐，并理解了他想表达的意思。修饰后文形容词amazing应用副词extraordinarily，作状语。故填extraordinarily。
（10）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这就是著名的古琴名作《高山流水》，它的故事代代相传。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词masterpiece，关系词在从句中作定语，应用whose。故填whose。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古琴的历史、结构以及有关的故事。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】One day,however,Mary came with good news.She told Jane the school music festival was to be held the next month and that her classmates all expected her to sing on behalf of her class.Jane's eyes sparkled but responded doubtfully, "Can I...？" Mary and I immediately assured her that she could make it.In the following month,with the help of Mary,Jane kept on practicing singing.Beautiful songs echoed in our house again and smiles began to appear on her face.Finally the big day came when she could present herself.（玛丽告诉简希望她代表班级唱歌，简在玛丽的帮助下继续练习，终于可以展示自己了）
When the host announced it was Jane's turn,she was wheeled onto the stage.Jane was greeted with warm applause.As she began to sing,the audience got absorbed in her beautiful voice. 【高分句型一】Seconds after her performance,all the audience rose with thunderous cheers.When wheeled off stage,Jane received praise and bunches of flowers from her teachers and classmates.Jane was moved to tears.The kindness and encouragement from her teachers and classmates stimulated Jane's enthusiasm for life,making her regain confidence in pursuing her original dream,which I will support wholeheartedly.【高分句型二】（简的歌声得到了老师和同学们的赞扬，简重新找回了最初追求梦想的信心）
【解析】略
38.【答案】Dear fellow students，
It's a great honour for me to stand here and address my speech titled "My Favourite Painter".【高分句型一】（开篇点题）
My favorite painter is Zhang Daqian，who is highly respected in the field of art in our country.【高分句型二】（最喜欢的画家）He is a most legendary master of traditional Chinese painting，calligraphy，seal cutting，and poetry in the 20th century.He spent most of his life copying the style of Chinese painting，learning the characteristics and skills of Western painting，and then formed his own unique style，especially the successful landscape painting.（画家作品特点）
I expect you to come to China to appreciate his works personally.You will be struck by the paintings.（期盼）
【解析】高分句型一：It's a great honour for me to stand here and address my speech titled "My Favourite Painter".
翻译：我很荣幸能站在这里发表题为"我最喜欢的画家"的演讲。
分析：本句运用了过去分词短语titled "My Favourite Painter"作后置定语。
高分句型二：My favorite painter is Zhang Daqian，who is highly respected in the field of art in our country.
翻译：我最喜欢的画家是张大千，他在我国美术界很受尊敬。
分析：本句运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。
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