濮阳市第一高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期3月月考英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份濮阳市第一高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期3月月考英语试卷(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Tp 4 Ecturism Destinatins in the Wrld
Travelling ften cmes with an envirnmental cst —but by chsing t travel mre respnsibly and sustainably, yu can help t reduce the negative effects f turism. Here are fur destinatins that have already signed up t a mre sustainable way f life.
Csta Rica
S, yu want t escape? Imagine a cuntry that’s ne -quarter natinal park, a place where yu culd hike in a rainfrest in the mrning and surf trpical waves in the afternn. Imagine an adventure Eden where all kinds f unique animals run befre yur eyes.
That cuntry is Csta Rica. Cnservatin has been develped here since the 1970s, with measures t prtect areas, clse zs and reverse defrestatin.
Abut 80% f the Osa Peninsula is prtected; much f it is in Crcvad Natinal Park, where visitrs can fllw guided trips with lcal grups. Activity ptins range frm rainfrest hikes t whale-watching, diving at Isla del Can and surfing at Cab Matapal.
Finland
It’s a natin where 80 percent f the territry is cvered by frests Meanwhile, Finland’s air and water is claimed t be the clearest.
The Finish Turist Bard has launched the Sustainable Finland prgramme t help visitrs plan the mst ec-friendly travels and engage with nature and lcal culture, knwing every step f their trip has been lked at frm an ecnmical, eclgical, scial and cultural perspective.
Bhutan
Until 1974, the Kingdm f Bhutan remained clsed t turism. Then ne day, King Jigme Singye Wangchuck declared Bhutan pen t visitrs. Tday, nly thse wh have bked guided turs thrugh apprved travel agencies can enter Bhutan. Permits are charged at a peak-seasn nightly rate f S250 per persn, which includes a 37 percent tax that ges twards imprving infrastructure (基础设施) and strengthening the healthcare and the educatin systems. This strict plicy means turism is cntrlled, with lcal life largely untuched by its impact.
Btswana
As ne f the mst cnvenient lcatins t spt the “Big Five”, Btswana’s infrastructure has lng been under pressure t meet the demands f the wrld’s safari (游猎) market. Thankfully, the team at Great Plains Safari has been taking measures t minimize impact and invest in cmmunity-based pprtunities t help lcal villages develp. One such measure is a kids’ cnservatin camp, where children are invited t week-lng curses t learn abut their surrundings, the value f cnservatin and the rle f envirnmental turism.
1．What can turists d in Csta Rica?
A. Camp and swim.B. Hike and hunt.
C. Watch and catch whales.D. Dive and surf.
2．What challenge is Btswana faced with?
A. It is n lnger a lcatin t spt the “Big Five”.
B. Children dn’t care abut envirnmental turism.
C. The gvernment invests little in lcal develpment
D. Its infrastructure has been impacted by the safari market.
3．Of the fur ecturism destinatins, which has a strict turism plicy?
A. Csta RicaB. FinlandC. BhutanD. Btswana
The Maryland Center fr Histry and Culture (MCHC) is currently hsting “The Jim Hensn Exhibitin: Imaginatin Unlimited”. The exhibitin sptlights Hensn’s unique cntributins t children’s educatin, including his creatin f the Muppets (布偶) .
Brn in 1936 in Mississippi, Hensn grew up in Maryland. His creative talents were evident when he was a student at high schl. He lved cartning and creating sets fr schl theater prductins. While a freshman at university, Hensn made puppets fr a lcal TV statin. The statin’s prducers were s impressed that they asked him t prduce his wn puppet shw. Called Sam and Friends, the prgram started in 1955. Viewers lved Hensn’s playful characters, including an early versin f Kermit the Frg.
While at university, Hensn majred in hme ecnmics. At the time, it was the nly majr that ffered classes in sewing and textiles (纺织品) . Hensn nt nly hned his creative skills at university, but he was als gd at marketing and business. “He was an entrepreneur wh happened t get int puppetry,” said Debrah Wd, MCHC’s learning manager.
In 1959, Hensn married Jane Nebel, whm he had met at university. The cuple established Muppets Inc. which later became the Jim Hensn Cmpany. It was there that Fcus Bert, Ernie, Miss Piggy, and ther Muppets were created fr Sesame Street, a ppular children’s televisin prgram. Generatins f children arund the wrld have grwn up watching and learning frm the Muppets.
Hensn, wh died in 1990, created nt just the Muppets, but als films, TV cmmercials, variety shws, and mre. The exhibitin shws every aspect f his career. This includes sme lesser-knwn wrks, including The Cube, a shrt experimental film that was nminated (提名) fr an Academy Award.
Visitrs als get a chance t appreciate Hensn’s creative prcess and inventiveness thrugh hands-n displays. They can even make their wn Muppets. “Fr me, I think the really pwerful message f this exhibitin is the fact that it cvers Hensn’s whle life and his whle career,” said Chle Green, public prgrams manager at the MCHC.
4．What’s paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. An interesting exhibitin abut Hensn.
B. Viewers’ attitude t Hensn’s wrks.
C. Hensn’s exceptinal talents in creatin.
D. Characters in Hensn’s famus wrks.
5．What des the underlined wrd “hned” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Changed.B. Imprved.C. Fund.D. Shared.
6．What can be learned abut Sesame Street?
A. It was first played in 1955. B. It was a ppular radi prgram.
C. It was targeted at children.D. It was an early versin f Kermit the Frg.
7．What’s the attitude f Chle Green t the exhibitin?
A. Favrable.B. Oppsed.C. Dubtful.D. Indifferent.
Scientists at the University f Massachusetts Amherst have invented a new way t make electricity. Their methd uses super-tiny hles t make electricity frm misture (湿气) in the air. The scientists hpe the methd will ne day lead t cheap, clean electricity anywhere at any time.
Misture in the air is what helps create electricity. Water drplets in the air carry an electric charge (电荷) . In cluds, these water drplets build up large charges, which we later see as lightning. One f the researchers, Jun Ya, described the new inventin as a “small-scale, man-made clud”. Since the new device generates electricity frm the air, the scientists call it “Air-gen”.
Currently, the device nly makes a small amunt f electricity-enugh t pwer a small sensr. But in lab tests, the Air gen, which is a little bigger than a fingernail, prduced electricity all day and all night fr a week, pwered by nthing but the air.
The scientists have tried t make electricity frm humidity befre, but thse methds didn’t wrk fr lng, r were expensive t make. But in 2020, Dr Ya and his team fund a way f getting electricity frm humidity using special “nanwires” made frm bacteria. That research led the scientists t the key discvery f the Air-gen: almst any material can create electricity in this way as lng as it has nanpres (纳米孔) f the right size. This is imprtant because it means in the future. the devices can be made very cheaply. The researchers hpe that the Air-gen will becme an imprtant green energy surce.
Many scientists are impressed with the ideas behind the Air-gen. But sme scientists have suggested that it might be hard fr the Air-gen t create enugh electricity t really make a difference especially cmpared t pwer surces like slar energy. But Dr Ya and his team are wrking n ways t make the Air-gen technlgy mre pwerful. Because the device is s thin, the scientists believe that many Air-gen layers culd be piled n tp f each ther t create mre electricity withut taking up mre space.
8．The Air-gen is invented ______.
A. t cllect water drplets in the air.
B. t generate electricity frm bacteria.
C. t create a small-scale artificial clud.
D. t prduce electricity frm misture.
9．Hw des the Air-gen device generate electricity?
A. By using large charges in lightening.
B. By changing sunlight int electricity.
C. By using the electric charge in water drplets.
D. By turning water int a usable energy surce.
10．What is ne ptential cncern raised by scientists abut the Air-gen?
A. It might nt prduce enugh electricity.
B. It has a negative impact n the envirnment.
C. It requires expensive materials t manufacture.
D. It is less reliable than traditinal pwer surces.
11．What’s the best title fr the text?
A. Inventing the Air-gen.B. Creating electricity frm the air.
C. Experimenting with man-made clud.D. Lking fr green energy surce.
Flash drughts develp fast, and when they hit at the wrng time, they can ruin a regin’s agriculture. They’re als becming increasingly cmmn as the planet warms. In a study published in the jurnal Cmmunicatins Earth& Envirnment, we fund that the risk f flash drughts, which can develp in just a few weeks, is n the rise in every majr agricultural regin arund the wrld in the cming decades.
In Nrth America and Eurpe, crpland that had a 32% annual chance f a flash drught a few years ag culd have a greater chance f a flash drught by the final decades f this century. That result wuld put fd prductin, energy, and water supplies under increasing pressure. The cst f change will als rise. A flash drught in the Daktas and Mntana 2017 caused $2. 6 billin in agricultural damage in America alne.
All drughts begin when rainfall stps. What’s interesting abut flash drughts is hw fast they strengthen themselves, with sme help frm the warming climate. When the weather is ht and dry, sil lses misture rapidly. Dry air extracts misture frm the land, and rising temperatures can increase this evaprative (蒸发的) demand. The lack f rain during a flash drught can further cntribute t the feedback prcesses. Under these cnditins, crps and vegetatin begin t die much mre quickly than they d during typical lng-term drughts.
In ur study, we used climate mdels and data frm the past 170 years t assess the drught risks ahead under three cnditins fr hw quickly the wrld takes actin t slw the pace f glbal warming. If greenhuse gas emissins frm vehicles, pwer plants, and ther human surces cntinue at a high rate, we fund that crpland in much f Nrth America and Eurpe wuld have a 53%annual chance f flash drughts, by the final decades f this century. Glbally, the largest increases in flash drughts wuld be in Eurpe and the Amazn. Slwing emissins can reduce the risk significantly, but we fund flash drughts wuld still increase by abut 6% wrldwide under lw emissin cnditins.
12．What is the feature f flash drughts?
A. Seldm happen and greatly beneficial.
B. Frequently happen and lw risky.
C. Suddenly happen and highly destructive.
D. Regularly happen and slightly harmful.
13．Which f the fllwing statements may the authr agree with?
A. Crps and vegetatin die mre quickly during lng term drughts.
B. Slwing emissins can cmpletely slve the prblem f flash drughts.
C. In Eurpe crpland will suffer frm mre flash drughts by the end f this century.
D. Flash drughts wn’t have any effect n fd prductin, energy, and water supplies.
14．What may be a factr that strengthens flash drughts?
A. Adequate rainfall.B. The warming climate.
C. The cld and wet weather.D. Lng-term drughts.
15．Hw can humans help reduce flash drughts?
A. By studying climate mdels.
B. By speeding up glbal warming.
C. By changing crpland int frests.
D. By decreasing greenhuse gas emissins.
二、七选五
16．Maybe yu plan t ring in 2024 with a new reslve t lse weight, exercise mre, nt sweat the small stuff. And maybe these reslutins sund familiar— maybe just like the nes yu made a year ag! S hw can yu ensure that yur determinatin t get healthier in 2024 sticks? ①
Dream big. Want t cmpete in a marathn r triathln? Lse 50 punds r just enugh t fit int clthes yu nce lved? With perseverance, encuragement, and supprt, yu can d it. ② Many will cheer yu n. Sme will be happy t help in practical ways, such as by training with yu r taking n tasks yu nrmally handle in rder t free up yur time.
③ Any time yu fail t make a change, cnsider it a step tward yur gal. Why? Because cach sincere attempt represents a lessn learned. When yu hit a snag (碰钉子) , take a mment t think abut what did and didn’t wrk. Maybe yu tk n t big a challenge? ④
Give thanks fr what yu d. Set yur sights n finishing that marathn, nt n running it. If yu cmpete t cmplete, yu’ll be a winner even if yu wind up walking as much as yu run. With exercise—and s many ther gals we set— yu’ll benefit even when ding less than yu’d like t d. ⑤ If yur gal fr Tuesday is a 30-minute wrkut at the gym, but yu nly squeeze (挤出) in 10 minutes, feel grateful fr that. It’s enugh. Maybe tmrrw will be better.
A. Learn frm the failures.
B. Avid repeating past failures.
C. Any activity is always better than nne.
D. An ambitius aim ften inspires thers t help yu.
E. Try the fllwing tips t help yu create lng-lasting change.
F. Having a slid system can help yu stay mtivated and accuntable.
G. If s, change int a less ambitius challenge, r break the big ne int tinier steps.
三、完形填空（15空）
My sn just turned 14 and des nt have a smartphne. When he graduated frm Grade 8, he was the nly kid in his class withut ne. He asks fr a phne 1 he’s ging t high schl. I say n, he asks why, I explain (yet again) , and he pushes back.
“Yu can chse t d things 2 when yu’re a parent,” I tld him. Smetimes, I wnder if I’m being t stubbrn r unfair. Hwever, the mre researches I d, the mre 3 I feel in my decisin. Many studies 4 the current mental health crisis amng adlescents t fundamental changes in the 5 frm in-persn t nline interactin.
But ther parents 6 my idea. “He must feel s left ut !” Then there are the parents wh tell me with 7 that they wish they had put ff their teenager’s phne wnership lnger than they did. They urge me t 8 .
If teenagers between the ages f 13 and 18 are truly spending an average f 8 hurs 39 minutes per day n their devices, then what are they nt ding? Kids 9 in their devices are missing ut n real life, and that strikes me as really sad. I want my sn t have a childhd he feels 10 with and prud f. I want it t be full f 11 , imaginative play and physical challenges which he must srt ut himself withut asking fr me at the push f a buttn. The easiest and simplest way t achieve these gals is t 12 giving him a smartphne.
Sme think my sn is missing ut r falling behind, but he is nt. He des well in schl, hangs ut with his friends in persn, and mves arund ur small twn 13 .
He swears he’ll give his wn 14-year ld a phne smeday, and I tell him that’s fine. But recently, he 14 that he missed the beautiful scenery n a drive t a nearby muntain because he had been s abandned t his friend’s iPad. If that is his versin f admitting I’m 15 I’ll take it.
17．A. nly ifB. nw thatC. as ifD. even thugh
18．A. slightlyB. similarlyC. identicallyD. differently
19．A. cnfidentB. embarrassedC. cmmittedD. incredible
20．A. cmpareB. linkC. addD. prefer
21．A. barrierB. bundaryC. shiftD. statistic
22．A. challengeB. favrC. supprtD. apprve
23．A. regretB. angerC. happinessD. excitement
24．A. start utB. give utC. wrk utD. hld ut
25．A. addictedB. giftedC. absrbedD. invlved
26．A. cnnectedB. ccupiedC. tiredD. satisfied
27．A. cnflictsB. adventuresC. argumentsD. bligatins
28．A. permitB. cnsiderC. delayD. prhibit
29．A. graduallyB. entirelyC. desperatelyD. independently
30．A. admittedB. cmplainedC. suspectedD. insisted
31．A. wrngB. rightC. unfairD. stubbrn
四、短文填空
32．The Beijing Ecnmic-Technlgical Develpment Area reprted a sharp decline in water ① (cnsume) and a great imprvement in natural and living envirnment.
Water use per unit f GDP fr the area, als knwn ② Beijing E-Twn, was nly ne-third f Beijing’s average. The efficiency f water use in the area is amng the highest ③ (glbal) , said an fficial at the administrative cmmittee f Bejing E-Twn.
In the past decade, Beijing E-Twn has further imprved ④ (it) natural and living envirnment, struggling t becme an ideal place t live and wrk and ⑤ urban area free f “urban diseases”, which refer t prblems facing big cities such as traffic jams and envirnmental pllutin.
Nw, it has becme an ideal habitat fr animals. Every year, a large grup f birds ⑥ (spt) in the Bejing E-Twn sectin f the Liangshui River, ⑦ was nce full f pllutin and had an unpleasant smell. After mre than 10 years f pllutin cntrl and management, it passed the evaluatin by the Ministry f Water Resurces in 2020, ⑧ (recgnize) as ne f the first exemplary (典范) rivers in China.
“Bejing E-Twn will prceed ⑨ (adpt) a peple centered apprach t develpment and prmte the cmbinatin f ⑩ (industry) grwth and urban develpment,” said an fficial f Beijing E-Twn.
五、书面表达
33．假设你是李华，你校上周在黄山进行了一次主题为“anec-friendly study trip”的研学旅行。你的朋友Bb对此很感兴趣，写信询问你相关情况，请你给他回信告诉他：
1. 研学旅行的目的，时间，地点及参与者；
2. 你对此活动的感受。
注意：字数在80词左右。
Dear Bb,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At nn that day, I drve back hme early. Just as I entered the living rm, I heard a slight sund cming frm the bedrm upstairs. It was the sund f my favrite vilin. But I was the nly persn wh lived in this huse.
It must be a thief! I rushed upstairs. Just as what I had thught abut, a by f abut 12 years ld was petting my vilin. At first sight, I fund a new pair f shes at the bed missing. It seemed he was surely a thief.
Then, I saw his eyes full f fear and helplessness. My anger was immediately replaced by a smile. I asked, “Are yu Mr Brian’s nephew Rubens? I’m his husekeeper. Tw days ag, Mr Brian said that he has a nephew wh lives in the cuntryside wuld visit him. It must be yu. Yu are really like him!”
The by was surprised, but then quickly replied, “Has my uncle gne ut? I think I’d better first g ut fr a walk and visit him in a while.”
I ndded and asked the by wh was preparing t put dwn the vilin, “D yu want t play the vilin?”
“Yes. I am fnd f playing the vilin and I’m lking frward t having my wn vilin, but I’m s pr that I can’t affrd ne,” the by replied.
“Then, I’ll give this vilin t yu because yur uncle, Mr Brian, is s kind a man.”The by lked at me dubtfully, but he picked up the vilin. Ging ut f the living rm, he suddenly saw my huge clr pht n the wall. He shk fr a mment and ran ut withut lking back.
I was sure that the by must understand what had happened after seeing the pht n the wall.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I thught the stry wuld end frever if I didn’t happen t meet him a few years later.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the award ceremny, he ran t me hlding a vilin bx.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Csta Rica部分中“Activity ptins range frm rainfrest hikes t whale-watching. diving at Isla del Can and surfing at Cab Matapal. (活动选择范围从雨林远足到观鲸，在卡诺岛潜水和在马塔帕洛角冲浪) ”可知，在Csta Rica游客可以潜水和冲浪。故选D。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Btswana部分中“As ne f the mst cnvenient lcatins t spt the “Big Five”, Btswana’s infrastructure has lng been under pressure t meet the demands f the wrld’s safari (游猎) market. (作为发现“五大”最方便的地点之一，博茨瓦纳的基础设施长期以来一直面临着满足世界狩猎市场需求的压力) ”可知，Btswana面临的挑战是基础设施长期以来受到世界游猎市场的压力。故选D。
3．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Bhutan部分中“Tday, nly thse wh have bked guided turs thrugh apprvedtravel agencies can enter Bhutan. (今天，只有那些通过批准的旅行社预订导游的人才能进入不丹) ”以及“This strict plicy means turism is cntrlled, with lcal life largely untuched by its impact. (这旅游政策。故选C。
4．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段“His creative talents were evident when he was a student at high schl. He lved cartning and creating sets fr schl theater prductins. While a freshman at university, Hensn made puppets fr a lcal TV statin. The statin’s prducers were s impressed that they asked him t prduce his wn puppet shw. (他的创造才能在高中时就显露出来了。他喜欢画漫画，喜欢为学校的戏剧制作创造背景。在大学一年级时，Hensn为当地一家电视台制作木偶。电视台的制片人对他印象深刻，请他制作自己的木偶剧。) ”可知，这段主要描写了Jim Hensn的创作天赋，在高中时已经崭露头角，读大一时为当地电视台制作的木偶让制片人印象深刻并邀请他制作自己的木偶节目。故选C。
5．答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段“Hensn nt nly hned his creative skills at university, but he was als gd at marketing and business. (Hensn不仅在大学hned了自己的创意技能，而且还擅长市场营销和商业。) ”可知上下文是并列关系，所以在大学里他不仅提升了创作技能，而且也很擅长市场营销和商业。故猜测hned和Imprved同义，故选B。
6．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“It was there that Fcus Bert, Ernie, Miss Piggy, and ther Muppets were created fr Sesame Street, a ppular children’s televisin prgram. Generatins f children arund the wrld have grwn up watching and learning frm the Muppets. (正是在那里，福克斯伯特、厄尼、猪猪小姐和其他布偶被创作出来，用于一档受欢迎的儿童电视节目《芝麻街》。世界各地的一代又一代的孩子都是看着布偶长大的。) ”可知，Sesame Street是一档儿童节目。故选C。
7．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段““Fr me, I think the really pwerful message f this exhibitin is the fact that it cvers Hensn’s whle life and his whle career,” said Chle Green, public prgrams manager at the MCHC. (“对我来说，我认为这次展览真正有力的信息是，它涵盖了Hensn的整个生活和他的重工职业工程，MCHC的公共项目经理兄沿伊·格林说。) ”可知，Chie Green对这次展览十分称赞。故选A。
8．答案：D
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“Their methd uses super-tiny hles t make electricity frm. misture (湿气) in the air. (他们的方法是利用超微小的孔从空气中的湿气中发电) ”可知，Air-gen主要是利用空气中的湿气发电。故选D。
9．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Misture in the air is what helps create electricity. Water drplets in the air carry an electric charge (电荷) 。 (空气中的水分有助于发电。空气中的水滴带有电荷) ”可知，Air-gen用空气中的水滴所携带的电荷发电，故选C。
10．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“But sme scientists have suggested that it might be hard fr the Air-gen t create enugh electricity t really make a difference especially cmpared t pwer surces like slar energy. (但一些科学家认为，Air-gen可能很难产生足够的电力来真正发挥作用，尤其是与太阳能等能源相比) ”可知，科学家一个潜在的担忧是Air-gen很难生产足够多的电。故选A。
11．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientists at the University f Massachusetts Amherst have invented a new way t make electricity. Their methd uses super-tiny hles t make electricity frm misture (湿气) in the air. The scientists hpe the methd will ne day lead t cheap, clean electricity anywhere at any time. (马萨诸塞大学阿姆赫斯特分校的科学家们发明了一种新的发电方法。他们的方法是利用超微小的孔从空气中的水分中发电。科学家们希望这种方法有一天能带来随时随地廉价、清洁的电力) 结合文章主要介绍科学家发明了一种新的方法，利用空气中的湿气发电。B选项“从空气中产生电力”最符合文章标题。故选B。
12．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Flash drughts develp fast, and when they hit at the wrng time, they can ruin a regin’s agriculture. (突发性干旱发展迅速, 当它们在错误的时间发生时,可能会破坏一个地区的农业) ”可知，突发性干旱的特征是突然发生且极具破坏性。故选C。
13．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“In Nrth America and Eurpe, crpland that had a 32% annual chance f a flash drught a few years ag culd have a greater chance f a flash drught by the final decades f this century. (在北美和欧洲，几年前每年发生突发性干旱的几率为32%的农田，到本世纪最后几十年发生突发性干旱的几率可能会更大) ”可推知，作者认为到本世纪末，欧洲的农田将遭受更多的突发性干旱。故选C。
14．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“What’s interesting abut flash drughts is hw fast they strengthen themselves, with sme help frm the warming climate. When the weather is ht and dry, sil lses misture rapidly. Dry air extracts misture frm the land, and rising temperatures can increase this evaprative (蒸发的) demand. The lack f rain during a flash drught can further cntribute t the feedback prcesses. (突发性干旱的有趣之处在于，在气候变暖的帮助下，它们会以多么快的速度自我加强。当天气炎热干燥时，土壤迅速失去水分。干燥的空气会从土地上吸收水分，而不断上升的气温会增加这种蒸发需求。突发性干旱期间缺少雨水可以进一步促进反馈过程) ”可知，气候变暖加剧了突发性干旱。故选B。
15．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Slwing emissins can reduce the risk significantly, but we fund flash drughts wuld still increase by abut 6% wrldwide under lw emissin cnditins. (减缓排放可以显著降低风险，但我们发现，在低排放条件下，全球突发性干旱仍将增加约6%) ”可知，减少温室气体排放可以帮助减少突发性干早。故选D。
16．答案：EDAGC
解析：①根据上文“S hw can yu ensure that yur determinatin t get healthier in 2024 sticks? (那么，如何确保你在2024年变得更健康的决心能坚持下去呢?) ”可知，文章旨在介绍几种在2024年想要变得健康并决心坚持下去的方法。由此可知，E. Try the fllwing tips t help yu create lng-lasting change. (试试下面的建议，帮助你创造持久的改变) 位于第一段末起到了承上启下的作用。故选E项。
②根据此空前一句“With perseverance, encuragement, and supprt, yu can d it. (只要有毅力、鼓励和支持, 你就能做到) ”及下文“Many will cheer yu n. Sme will be happy t help in practical ways, such as by training with yu r taking n tasks yu nrmally handle in rder t free up yur time. (许多人会为你加油。有些人会很乐意以实际的方式提供帮助，比如和你一起培训，或者为了腾出你的时间而承担你通常处理的任务) 可知，作者在此建议要有大的目标，这样会有很多人会为你加油打气。由此可知，D. An ambitius aim ften inspires thers arund yu. (一个雄心勃勃的目标通常会激励你周围的人) 符合语境，“An ambitius aim”呼应小标题“Dream big”；“thers”呼应下文“Many will cheer yu n”。故选D项。
③此空位于本段小标题的位置,根据本段的下文内容“Any time yu fail t make a change, cnsider it a step tward yur gal. Why? Because each sincere attempt represents a lessn learned. When yu hit a snag (碰钉子) , take a mment t think abut what did and didn’t wrk. (任何时候你没能做出改变，就把它看作是向你的目标迈进了一步。为什么？因为每一次真诚的尝试都代表着一个教训。当你遇到困难时，花点时间想想什么有用，什么没用) ”可知，本段主要介绍了过去的尝试虽然失败了，但是可以作为一种经验教训，帮助你了解自己制定的决心是否合适。由此可知A. Learn frm failures. (从失败中学习) 符合语境。故选A项。
④根据空前一句“Maybe yu tk n t big a challenge? (也许你接受的挑战太大了？) ”可知，失败时，反思是否这个挑战太大了，该段落主要讲失败了要从失败中学习并进行调整。由此可知，G. If s，change int a less ambitius challenge, r break the big ne int tinier steps. (如果是这样的话，那就换个不那么有野心的挑战，或者把大的挑战分解成小的步骤) 就是针对上一句做出的调整，与前文承接。故选G项。
⑤根据本段的小标题“Give thanks fr what yu d. (感谢你所做的一切) ”和空前一句“With exercise-and s many ther gals we set-yu’ll benefit even when ding less than yu’d like t d. (通过锻炼—以及我们设定的许多其他目标—即使做得比你想做的要少，你也会从中受益) ”及下一句“If yur gal fr Tuesday is a 30-minute wrkut at the gym, but yu nly squeeze (挤出) in 10minutes, feel grateful fr that. (如果你周二的目标是在健身房锻炼30分钟，但你只挤出了10分钟，心存感激吧) ”可知，决心运动时，即使没有达到目标，也是很好的。做运动比不做好，C. Any activity is always better than nne. (任何活动总比什么都没有做好) 符合语境。故选C项。
17．答案：B
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：他要一部电话，因为他要上高中了。A. nly if 只有；B. nw that 因为，既然；C. as if好像；D. even thugh 即使。后文“he’s ging t high schl”是儿子要电话的原因，他要一部电话，因为他要上高中了。nw that引导原因状语从句。故选B。
18．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：“当你为人父母时，你可以选择用不同的方式做事，”我告诉他。A. slightly 稍微；B. similarly 相似地；C. identically 同一地；D. differently不同地。根据上文“I say n. he asks why, I explain (yet again) , and he pushes back. (我说没有，他问为什么，我解释 (又一次) ，他抵抗。) ”可知作者拒绝给儿子电话，所以和儿子说的话是他为人父母时可以不这样做，故选D。
19．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我做的研究越多，我对自己的决定越有信心。A. cnfident自信的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. cmmitted忠诚的；D. incredible 难以置信的。根据后文“Many studies ______ the current mental health crisis amng adlescents t fundamental changes in the ______ frm in-persn t nline interactin.”可知研究的越多，知道上网和青少年精神健康危机有联系，所以作者对自己的决定越有信心，故选A。
20．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多研究将当前青少年的心理健康危机与从面对面互动到在线互动的根本变化联系起来。A. cmpare 比较；B. link 连接；C. add增加；D. prefer偏爱。根据下文“changes in the ______ frm in-persn t nline interactin”可知青少年心理健康和社交方式变化有联系，故选B。
21．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多研究将当前青少年的心理健康危机与从面对面互动到在线互动的根本变化联系起来。A. barrier障碍；B. bundary 边界；C. shift转换；D. statistic 统计数字。根据后文“frm in-persn t nline interactin”指与从面对面互动到在线互动的根本变化，故选C。
22．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但其他家长对我的想法提出了质疑。A. challenge 质疑，挑战；B. favr帮助；C. supprt支持；D. apprve 赞成。根据下文“He must feel s left ut!”可知有的家长不同意作者不给儿子电话的做法，所以应该是质疑作者的观点，故选A。
23．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有一些父母后悔地告诉我，他们希望自己当初能比现在更晚才给孩子买手机。A. regret后悔; B. anger愤怒；C. happiness快乐；D. excitement 激动。根据后文“they wish they had put ff their teenager’s phne wnership lnger than they did”可知有些父母后悔没有更晚让自己孩子拥有手机，故选A。
24．答案：D
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们敦促我坚持下去。A. start ut开始；B. give ut分发；C. wrk ut解决；D. hld ut伸出，坚持。上文“Then there are the parents wh tell me with regret that they wish they had put ff their teenager’s phne wnership lnger than they did. (还有一些父母后悔地告诉我，他们希望自己当初能比现在更晚才给孩子买手机。) ”可知，这些后悔的父母让作者坚持自己的做法。故选D。
25．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们沉迷于他们的电子设备而错过了真实的生活，这让我很难过。A. addicted沉迷的；B. gifted有天赋的；C. absrbed沉迷的，全神贯注的；D. invlved涉及。根据后文“in their devices are missing ut n real life”可知，孩子错过真实的世界是因为沉迷于电子设备。故选C。
26．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望我的儿子有一个他感到满意和自豪的童年。A. cnnected 连接的；B. ccupied 忙碌的；C. tired疲惫的；D. satisfied 满意的。根据后文“with and prud f”以及后文提到作者希望儿子的童年充满了冒险、富有想象力的游戏和身体上的挑战，可知想让儿子拥有一个他感到满意和自豪的童年。故选D。
27．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望它充满了冒险、富有想象力的游戏和身体上的挑战，他必须自己解决这些问题,而不是让我按下按钮。A. cnflicts冲突；B. adventures冒险；C. arguments争论；D. bligatins义务。根据后文“imaginative play and physical challenges”指作者希望儿子的童年充满了冒险、富有想象力的游戏和身体上的挑战，故选B。
28．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：实现这些目标最简单的方法就是推迟给他智能手机。A. permit 允许；B. cnsider考虑；C. delay 推迟；D. prhibit禁止。根据后文“Sme think my sn is missing ut r falling behind; but he is nt. (有些人认为我的儿子错过了或落后了，但他不是。) ”可知，作者推迟了给儿子智能手机，但是儿子并没有被落下。故选C。
29．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：他在学校表现很好，和朋友们一起出去玩，并且在我们的小镇里独立活动。A. gradually 逐渐地；B. entirely 完全地；C. desperately 绝望地；D. independently 独立地。根据上文“hangs ut with his friends in persn, and mves arund ur small twn”指儿子和朋友们一起出去玩，并且在小镇里独立活动。故选D。
30．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是最近，他承认他错过了开车去附近山上的美景，因为他太沉迷于朋友的iPad了。A. admitted 承认；B. cmplained 抱怨；C. suspected 怀疑；D. insisted 坚持。根据下文“because he had been s absrbed in his iPad”可知儿子承认因为太专注于iPad，所以错过了美丽的风景，故选A。
31．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果这是他承认我是对的方式，我接受了。A. wrng 错误的；B. right正确的；C. unfair不公平的；D. stubbrn固执的。上文“he missed the beautiful scenery n a drive t a nearby muntain because he had been s abandned t his friend’s iPad.”提到儿子承认他错过了开车去附近山上的美景，因为他太沉迷于朋友的iPad了，即证明作者的做法是正确的。故选B。
32．答案：cnsumptin ； as ；glbally ；its；an；are sptted；which；recgnized；t adpt ；industrial
解析：①考查名词。句意：据报道，北京经济技术开发区的用水量大幅下降，自然和生活环境有了很大改善。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词：cnsume的名词形式为cnsumptin，表示“消耗”，此处指耗水量。故填cnsumptin。
②考查固定搭配。句意：该地区也被称为北京经开区，单位GDP用水量仅为北京平均水平的三分之一。knwn as为固定搭配，表示“被称为……”。故填as。
③考查副词。句意：北京经开区管理委员会的一位官员表示，该地区的用水效率是全球最高的。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰前面的形容词 highest，应用副词；glbal的副词形式为glbally，表示“全球地、世界上”。故填glbally。
④考查代词。句意：在过去的十年里，北京经开区进一步改善了自然环境和生活环境，努力成为一个理想的生活和工作场所，成为一个没有“城市病”的城区。分析句子可知，设空处在句中限定后面的natural and living envirnment，表示“它的自然环境和生活环境”，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
⑤考查冠词。句意：在过去的十年里，北京经开区进一步改善了自然环境和生活环境，努力成为一个理想的生活和工作场所，成为一个没有“城市病”的城区。分析句子可知，设空处在句中限定后面的 urban area，area为可数名词单数，此处指“一个城区”，表泛指，应用不定冠词：设空处位于urban前，urban属于元音音素开头的词，此处应用an。故填an。
⑥考查动词时态和语态。句意：每年，在曾经污染严重、气味难闻的凉水河段，都会发现一大群鸟类。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词；其主语为a large grup f birds，与spt之间为被动关系，应用被动语态be dne结构；结合时间状语every year可知，此处表示经常发生的事，用一般现在时的被动语态：主语为复数形式，故谓语也用复数形式。故填are sptted。
⑦考查定语从句。句意：每年，在曾经污染严重、气味难闻的凉水河段，都会发现一大群鸟类。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，修饰前面的the Liangshui River，主从句之间有逗号隔开，且从句对the Liangshui River起补充说明的作用，这是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词表示物, 应用which引导。故填which。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意：经过十余年的污染治理，于2020年通过水利部评价，被认定为中国首批示范河流。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词passed，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式，其逻辑主语为it，二者之间为被动关系，应用过去分词recgnized。故填recgnized。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意：北京经开区将坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，促进产业发展和城市发展相结合。prceed t d sth为固定短语,表示“继续做某事”，此处整个t d不定式作宾语。故填t adpt。
⑩考查形容词。句意：北京经开区将坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，促进产业发展和城市发展相结合。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作定语，修饰后面的名词grwth，应用形容词；industry的形容词形式为industrial，表示“工业的、产业的”。故填industrial。
33．答案：
Dear Bb,
Hw is everything ging? In yur last letter, yu asked me abut ur ec-friendly study trip. I am pleased t share relevant details f the trip with yu.
The ec-friendly study trip, aimed at calling n students t enjy the scenery withut damaging the natural envirnment, was rganized by ur schl last Friday. All students and teachers set ut at 8 am and returned at 6 pm. We all enjyed this unfrgettable trip t Munt Huang, which is ne f the mst famus muntains in China. Befre we climbed the muntain, we were required t take paper bags t cllect litter alng the way. Thrugh this way, we culd knw the true meaning f ec-friendly study trip.
The shrt jurney enriched my life experience, relaxed myself and mst imprtantly, helped me knw the imprtance f living in harmny with nature.
Yurs,
Li Hua
34．答案：
I thught the stry wuld end frever if I didn’t happen t meet him a few years later. I was invited t judge a music cmpetitin. During the cmpetitin, a by vilin player drew my attentin. Frm time t time, he als had a lk in my directin with a strange smile n his face. I was sure I must have met him befre, but I failed t think f where and when we had met at the very mment. Finally, he wn first prize because f his excellent perfrmance!
After the award ceremny, he ran t me hlding a vilin bx. With his face red, he asked, “Mr Brian, d yu still remember me? Yu gave me yur vilin, which I have been treasuring until tday! Yu can’t imagine hw much what yu did that nn means t me! Tday, I can give it back t yu withut regret...” Believe it r nt, it turned ut that this by was “Mr Brian’s nephew Rubens”! Tears welled up in my eyes.
解析：本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述了作者是一位小提琴家，中午返回家中的时候，听到了楼上的声音，认为可能是小偷，当他看到一个小男孩正在拉小提琴的时候以及恐惧和绝望的表情的时候，作者并没有揭穿那个小男孩小偷的身份，而是撒了个谎并且把小提琴赠予小男孩，这样善意的谎言改变了小男孩，多年以后，再次相见的时候，小男孩已经成为一个优秀的小提琴表演者。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我以为如果几年后我没有碰巧遇见他，这个故事就永远结束了。”可知，第一段可描写作者和上文的小男孩再次相遇，而这时候的小男孩已经变得非常优秀。
②由第二段首句内容“颁奖典礼结束后，他拿着小提琴盒向我跑来。”可知，第二段可描写小男孩认出来了作者，并上前交谈。
2. 续写线索：被邀当评委—小提琴手引起注意—回想—小男孩得奖—作者与小男孩相认—感激
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①引起注意: draw ne’s attentin/attract ne’s attentin/catch ne’s eyes
②遇见: meet/encunter
情绪类
①微笑: smile/beam
②极好的: excellent /wnderful
［高分句型1］I was sure I must have met him befre, but I failed t think f where and when we had met at the very mment. (运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句，运用了where和when引导的宾语从句)
［高分句型2］Yu gave me yur vilin, which I have been treasuring until tday! (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)