梅河口市第五中学2023-2024学年高二下学期开学考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份梅河口市第五中学2023-2024学年高二下学期开学考试英语试卷(含答案)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Bristl Old Vic
When the Theatre Ryal (nw Bristl Old Vic) was built, electricity hadn’t been discvered. Fr ver 250 years the peple wh have wned, wrked inside and visited the theatre have kept recrds abut their activity. These are kept safe at the University f Bristl Theatre Cllectin, and yu’ll discver a range f dcuments which recrd the histry f the theatre, frm its fundatin in 1764 up until the present day. Here are sme f them.
BEGINNING
In 1764 businessmen Alexander Edgar and Thmas Symns suggested building a new theatre between Baldwin Street and the back f Cpers’ Hall in King Street. The estimated cst was f2, 000 t be split amng 40 subscribers, but the building wrk cst mre than expected. Owning shares allwed them t influence decisins abut the theatre.
SILVER TICKET
Each f the riginal Bristl Old Vic sharehlders was given a silver ticket that prmised sight f any perfrmance held at the theatre. As the hlders were clever businessmen, they insisted that the silver tickets culd be laned r traded. This enabled them t make sme extra mney but made it extremely difficult fr the theatre managers t keep track f wh was allwed t see shws fr free.
250TH BIRTHDAY
In May 2016, the theatre celebrated its 250th birthday! As the ldest cntinuusly-wrking theatre in the English-speaking wrld, it deserved a prper party, s Bristl-based Limbic Cinema was hired t create a film f the theatre’s histrical highlights which was prjected (放映) nt the theatre itself.
1．Where can yu find the three mentined dcuments?
A. At Baldwin Street.
B. At Cpers’ Hall in King Street.
C. At Bristl-based Limbic Cinema.
D. At the University f Bristl Theatre Cllectin.
2．Hw was the theatre’s 250th birthday celebrated?
A. By creating a film abut its histry.
B. By building Bristl-based Limbic Cinema.
C. By releasing silver ticket in memry f the birthday.
D. By making a film prjected in theatres acrss England.
3．What’s the purpse f the text?
A. T cmpare the theatre and thers.
B. T change peple’s view n Bristl Old Vic.
C. T intrduce sme infrmatin f Bristl Old Vic.
D. T recmmend a mvie related t the theatre.
Fr many runners, a marathn can ften be a challenge — but smetimes what gets a runner thrugh the tugh 26.2 miles is lking ut int the crwd and seeing his r her lved ne hlding up a sign and shuting wrds f encuragement. Fr ne mm, thugh, her lved ne was a bit mre hands-n.
While running the REVEL Big Cttnwd Marathn in Salt Lake City, Curtney Rich, a self-taught baker and mther f tw, was beginning t run ut f energy just yards frm the end when she was suddenly jined by her 10-year-ld daughter, Avery.
The tuching mment, caught n vide and psted n scial media, shws Avery running t her mther’s side t supprt her as she apprached the end f the race. Rich’s face lit up when Avery jined her and helped her crss the finish line.
Rich later said in the vide’s captin that being jined by her daughter t finish the race was “a mment I hpe neither f us ever frget”. Rich said that her daughter culd tell she was struggling after a phne call near the end f the race. “She knew I had struggled the last few miles,” Rich said. “She saw tears in my eyes when I called n mile 24.”
In the vide, Rich’s facial expressin changes frm tiredness t a smile after seeing her daughter emerge frm the crwd t jin her. Then, Rich and her daughter ran hand-in-hand t the finish line. “Nthing culd have prepared me fr the mment my 10-year-ld daughter wuld jump ut f the crwd and run with me t the finish line,” she said. When the race was dne, the tw hugged each ther at the finish line. The vide ends with a final captin, “And then she just held me. She held me.”
In the past, the REVEL Big Cttnwd Marathn has had ther memrable mments f mthers caring fr their children, but perhaps nt as hands-n as this ne.
4．What happened t Rich when she was cming t the finish line?
A. She fell dwn all f a sudden. B. She was far behind thers.
C. She felt herself struggling. D. She was interrupted by Avery.
5．Hw did Avery react t the accident?
A. She helped Rich run t the finish line.
B. She tried t call fr help at nce.
C. She ran the rest in place f Rich.
D. She shuted encuraging wrds t Rich.
6．Hw did Rich feel abut Avery’s respnse?
A. Dubtful. B. Cntent. C. Cncerned. D. Expected.
7．What can be the best title fr the text?
A. A Mther Wuld Never Give Up On Her Marathn Dream
B. A Mther Encuraged Her Daughter T Pursue Her Dream
C. A Daughter Gt Invlved In Her Mther’s Race By Mistake
D. A Daughter Cheered Fr Her Mther By Jining In Her Race
Within the beautiful scenery f Wiscnsin’s Lake Chippewa lies a natural wnder that is a unique challenge fr the lcal cmmunity. This hidden wnder is exactly a giant flating island. The island, made up f plants and trees, smetimes flats arund the lake, causing a majr incnvenience by blcking (阻塞) an imprtant bridge. Later, the lcal peple came up with a slutin t this prblem. Every year, lcal bat wners wrk tgether and push the island away frm the bridge.
Lake Chippewa was brn in 1923 when a vast bg (沼泽) was changed thrugh flding. Sn after that, many f the dark bgs started rising t the surface and became perfect grwing places fr plants, with seeds carried by wind and wild birds t this flating place. Over the years, these bgs have grwn plants and trees and turned int full islands. As time ges by, plants take rt, and the ldest islands even have trees that act as sails (船帆) when the wind blws, mving the entire flating island arund the lake.
Althugh the years-ld flating island des nt relcate (重新迁移) s ften, when it des, it causes truble fr the cmmunity by blcking the imprtant bridge that serves as the nly passage between the lake’s East and West sides. The nly slutin is t gather a grup f bats, and nt just ne r tw, but dzens f bats wrking tgether t push the island away. “It takes a cmmunity’s effrt, and yu must have the winds at yur back t push them in,” said a resident. Mving the island als requires precisin (精确), as just relcating it a shrt distance may result in its return within days.
Sme peple have suggested destrying the flating islands t get rid f the prblem. Hwever, the big bg in Lake Chippewa has been arund fr many years, and during that time a variety f animal and plant species have made it their hme. Therefre, lcal gvernment advises they be dealt with in a way that wn’t d harm t wildlife, paying mre attentin t the fine-drawn balance between human cnvenience and envirnmental prtectin. The annual traditin f relcating Lake Chippewa’s flating island is evidence t the cexistence f man and nature, a heartwarming display f cmmunity unity, and a reminder f the imprtance f preserving the unique areas that enrich ur wrld.
8．What des the underlined wrd “slutin” in paragraph 1 refer t?
A. Building a new bridge.B. Mving the flating island away.
C. Transfrming the vast bg.D. Rebuilding the lcal cmmunity.
9．What can we knw frm paragraph 2?
A. The frmatin f the flating island.
B. The histry f flding in Lake Chippewa.
C. The varieties f species in Lake Chippewa.
D. The impact f the wind n the flating island.
10．Which f the fllwing statements is true abut the relcatin wrk frm paragraph 3?
A. It is usually finished within days.
B. It is a must in cperatin and precisin.
C. It can nly be carried ut during windless days.
D. It greatly disturbs the cmmunity residents’ lives.
11．Why has the lcal gvernment refused t destry the island?
A. T save csts fr lcal peple.
B. T ensure the safety f residents.
C. T imprve the bnd between cmmunities.
D. T prtect the wildlife species n the island.
Like s many ther gd things in life, sleep is best at a right length. A multi-year study f lder adults fund that bth shrt and lng sleepers experienced greater cgnitive (认知的) decline than peple wh slept a prper amunt, even when the effects f early Alzheimer's disease were taken int accunt.
“Our study suggests that there is a middle range, r ‘sweet spt’, fr ttal sleep time where cgnitive perfrmance is stable ver time. Shrt and lng sleep time is assciated with wrse cgnitive perfrmance,” said first authr Brendan Lucey, an assciate prfessr f the Washingtn University Sleep Medicine Center. “An unanswered questin is if we can intervene t imprve sleep, wuld that have a psitive effect n their cgnitive perfrmance s they n lnger decline? We need mre further data t answer this questin.”
Lucey and clleagues turned t vlunteers wh participate in Alzheimer's studies thrugh the university's Charles F. and Janne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center. Such vlunteers experienced annual clinical and cgnitive assessments, and prvided a bld sample t be tested. Fr this study, each participant slept with a tiny EEG mnitr attached t their heads fr fur t six nights t measure their brain activities during sleep.
The researchers fund a U-shaped relatinship between sleep and cgnitive decline. Overall, cgnitive scres declined fr the grups that slept less than 4.5 r mre than 6.5 hurs per night while scres stayed stable fr thse in the middle f the range.
The U-shaped relatinship held true fr measures f specific sleep phases, including rapid-eye mvement (REM), r dreaming sleep and nn-REM sleep. Mrever, the same is true even after adjusting fr factrs that can affect bth sleep and cgnitin, such as age, sex, levels f Alzheimer's prteins. “It was particularly interesting t see that nt nly thse with shrt amunts f sleep but als thse with lng amunts f sleep had mre cgnitive decline,” said Prfessr Beau M. Ances.
“Each persn's sleep needs are unique, and peple wh wake up feeling rested n shrt r lng sleep schedules shuld nt feel frced t change their habits,” said c-senir authr David Hltzman, MD. “But thse wh are nt sleeping well shuld be aware that sleep prblems ften can be treated.”
12．What's the passage mainly abut?
A. The effects f Alzheimer's disease.
B. The benefits f best sleep.
C. The influence f sleep time n cgnitin.
D. The gd things in life.
13．Accrding t the passage, which sleep time is suitable?
A. 4 hurs.B. 6 hurs. C. 7 hurs.D. 7. 5 hurs.
14．What can we knw abut U-shaped relatinship?
A. The sleep time has n cnnectin with cgnitive scres.
B. The lnger sleep time is, the higher cgnitive scres are.
C. Cgnitin is related t different sleep phases.
D. It is nt effective when age, sex, and s n are cnsidered.
15．What des David Hltzman's wrds imply?
A. Quality f sleep is the key.
B. Lng time sleepers d nt have cgnitive decline.
C. Shrt sleep schedules must change their habits.
D. Bth lng time and sht time sleepers have sleep prblems.
二、七选五
16．When gardeners grw varieties f plants in their beautiful gardens, they are happy t see beneficial insects like bees and butterflies surrunding the flwers. But as they take a clser lk, they may find sme plants are cvered in black dts and filled with harmful insects r pests. Sme gardeners may immediately reach fr chemicals. ① _________ Althugh it may stp the insect prblem, it will als threaten bees and butterflies which help the plants reprduce.
If yu are wise gardeners, yu shuld first take preventive measures t cntrl the harmful insects. ② _________ Only when there are t many harmful insects, shuld pest cntrl be cnsidered. The first defense shuld always be the safest methd available.
Preventin
As a rule, preventin is the best treatment. Inspect plants clsely, including their leaves, befre buying them frm the stre. ③ _________
When planting, space plants ut t permit them t grw t their full size. Plants t clse tgether can breed harmful rganisms, like bacteria.
④ _________ They invite pests if permitted t remain n the grund. When yu d see pests, wash them away. Use rubbing alchl t remve sme insects, r pick them ff the plants.
Pesticides
If yu decide a pesticide is necessary, chse it carefully and fllw the directins and warnings n the prduct. Avid using pesticides in extreme heat, n windy days, r when the plants are wet. ⑤ _________ At the time, beneficial insects are inactive. Yu can cnsider remving flwers frm the plants t lessen the risk that beneficial insects will cme in cntact with the pesticides.
A. But this is nt wise.
B. In mst cases, chemicals dn’t help.
C. Treat the plants early in the mrning r at night.
D. Als d remember the plants need nutritin and care.
E. Keep yur garden free f fallen leaves, fruits and ther wastes.
F. D nt bring any plants hme that shw signs f disease r pests.
G. The prcess starts with the idea that having sme pests is acceptable.
三、完形填空（15空）
Margaret Thmpsn and her husband, Kenneth, stretched their legs tgether n walking hlidays in Switzerland. In Interlaken, they wuld head up the muntain and watch the paragliders (滑翔伞运动员) 1 themselves int the sky. Back in twn, in a large park, they watched them return t the 2 . “Sme day I’d lve t d that,” Thmpsn tld Kenneth.
But there was always s much t d in Interlaken. 3 , Thmpsn didn’t knw if Kenneth wuld have 4 it. “He was nt s keen n heights as I was,” she said. S she 5 t watch the gliders take flight and land.
Kenneth died in 2005. Eleven years later, Thmpsn 6 tk t the skies herself, in a paraglider at the age f 80. Althugh sme peple get scared while flying, she said she just feels 7 . Thmpsn did her secnd paraglide when she turned 85.
Thmpsn asked the rganizers abut the age 8 fr paragliding. They said: “Any age, as lng as yu’re 9 .” Thmpsn, nw 86, plans her third flight fr when she is 90.
Thmpsn 10 living abve her parents’ shp in Belfast. At 18, she helped in the shp while 11 fr her music diplmas (文凭) in Stranmillis, suth Belfast. She started t 12 pian t lcal children, and at the height f her teaching she gave 70 13 a week. She still has 15 pupils n her bks.
Is she scared f getting lder? “Fear? N. Peple say: ‘Isn’t getting ld 14 ?’ I say: ‘N. Yu are free t d mre things that yu want t d,’” Thmpsn said.
“Peple might wrry abut falling, it being the end f them. But that desn’t 15 me at all. When it’s yur time, it’s yur time. N matter where yu are,” Thmpsn added.
17．A. launchB. mveC. pushD. pull
18．A. spaceB. ceanC. earthD. sky
19．A. TherefreB. BesidesC. HweverD. Instead
20．A. caredB. enjyedC. rememberedD. needed
21．A. pretendedB. determinedC. cntinuedD. tried
22．A. quietlyB. immediatelyC. patientlyD. finally
23．A. safeB. freeC. luckyD. ready
24．A. standardB. differenceC. grupD. limit
25．A. fitB. fullC. braveD. calm
26．A. settled dwnB. grew upC. went nD. turned up
27．A. writingB. actingC. studyingD. searching
28．A. teachB. fferC. sellD. shw
29．A. skillsB. tasksC. lessnsD. perfrmances
30．A. necessaryB. pssibleC. harmfulD. awful
31．A. threatenB. btherC. cntrlD. surprise
四、短文填空
32．An exhibitin titled Symbisis f the Chinese Zdiac (生肖) pened at the Tcumen Internatinal Airprt in Panama n Dec 19 and wuld run until Jan 20.
Sally Huang, ① _________ Chinese Panamanian artist and a dctr f art frm Beijing Nrmal University, presented thirteen paintings, ② _________cmbined the freehand brushstrkes f traditinal Chinese paintings with the beautiful clrs f Latin America, and presented the zdiac animals. Als there were sme sculptures (雕刻品) f zdiac animals ③ _________ display, which were created by Chinese artist Zhang Yng, graduating frm the Central Academy f Fine Arts.
The exhibitin ④ _________ (include) in the prject Painting Our Canals (运河), which was spnsred by the Beijing Culture and Arts Fund this year. The Beijing Culture and Arts Fund is a nnprfit fund ⑤ _________ (fund) by the Beijing Bureau f Culture and Turism t prvide supprt in the three majr fields f stage art, cultural exchange ⑥ _________ the cultivatin (培养) f art talents.
The lead institutin applying fr the prject was Beijing Nrmal University, ⑦ _________ (feature) a series f events themed n the canal culture in bth China and Panama, als inviting artists frm bth cuntries ⑧ _________ (attend) the exhibitin as well as hsting academic frums.
The pening ceremny was jined by representatives frm bth cuntries, such as the Chinese ambassadr t Panama and the vice-minister f culture in Panama.
The ambassadr expressed sme ⑨ _________ (message) cngratulating the artists in his speech, while emphasizing that China and Panama shuld wrk tgether t prmte ⑩ _________ (glbe) peace and develpment.
五、书面表达
33．上个月你校举办了一年一度的读书月活动，现校报正在以“The Bk I Like Mst”为题进行征文比赛，请你就读过的一本书写一篇评论。要点如下：
1. 基本信息；
2. 主题思想；
3. 评价或感受。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The Bk I Like Mst
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day, a by transferred t my class. He walked t the frnt f the class and intrduced himself. “I am Brady, frm Califrnia. I like basketball and dance.” “Dance!” Steven yelled. “That’s fr girls.” The whle class laughed. Brady’s face turned bright red. At lunch, Brady walked t an empty seat at my table. He was abut t sit dwn when Steven put his ft n the chair. “This seat is taken,” he said. “Sit with the girls.” The thers laughed ludly. Brady lwered his head and walked away.
After schl, Brady sat alne n the schl bus. I felt srry fr him. I thught abut sitting with him, but I didn’t want t be made fun f. I remembered hw everyne laughed at me when I, a by, knitted a scarf fr my favurite teacher. I didn’t like being laughed at, s I gave up knitting.
But what wuld have happened if I’d std up fr myself? An verwhelming sense f regret and guilt was lingering in my mind all night. S, I was determined t stand by Brady.
The next day, we had gym class. The cach annunced that we wuld have a basketball game and Steven and I were the captains f the tw sides. When I picked teammates, I lked arund and nticed Brady. I had butterflies in my stmach. I didn’t want t get laughed at again. But sn I knew what I shuld d.
注意：1. 词数应为120个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“I chse Brady!” I said firmly.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Steven lwered his head and walked t Brady.
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参考答案
1．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“These are kept safe at the University f Bristl Theatre Cllectin, and yu’ll discver a range f dcuments which recrd the histry f the theatre, frm its fundatin in 1764 up until the present day. Here are sme f them. (这些都被安全地保存在布里斯托尔大学剧院收藏中，你会发现一系列记录剧院历史的文件，从1764年成立到现在。下面是其中的一些。)”可知，文章中提到的相关信息都珍藏在布里斯托尔大学剧院。故选D。
2．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“As the ldest cntinuusly-wrking theatre in the English-speaking wrld, it deserved a prper party, s Bristl-based Limbic Cinema was hired t create a film f the theatre’s histrical highlights which was prjected (放映) nt the theatre itself.(作为英语世界中最古老的仍在运营的剧院，它值得举办一场像样的派对，所以布里斯托尔的Limbic影业被雇来制作一部关于剧院历史亮点的电影，并将其投影到剧院本身。)”可知，为了庆祝剧院的250生日，布里斯托尔的Limbic影业被雇来制作一部关于剧院历史亮点的电影，故选A。
3．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When the Theatre Ryal (nw Bristl Old Vic) was built, electricity hadn’t been discvered. Fr ver 250 years the peple wh have wned, wrked inside and visited the theatre have kept recrds abut their activity. These are kept safe at the University f Bristl Theatre Cllectin, and yu’ll discver a range f dcuments which recrd the histry f the theatre, frm its fundatin in 1764 up until the present day. Here are sme f them.(当皇家剧院(现在的布里斯托尔老维克)建成时，电还没有被发现。250多年来，拥有剧院、在剧院工作和参观过剧院的人们一直记录着他们的活动。这些都被安全地保存在布里斯托尔大学剧院收藏中，你会发现一系列记录剧院历史的文件，从1764年成立到现在。下面是其中的一些。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了布里斯托尔老维克剧院的相关信息。故选C。
4．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“Rich said that her daughter culd tell she was struggling after a phne call near the end f the race. “She knew I had struggled the last few miles,” Rich said. (Rich说，她的女儿在比赛快结束时接到一个电话后，就能感觉到她在挣扎。“她知道我在最后几英里里很挣扎，”Rich说)”可知，Rich在快要靠近终点线的时候感到自己在挣扎。故选C项。
5．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“The tuching mment, caught n vide and psted n scial media, shws Avery running t her mther’s side t supprt her as she apprached the end f the race. Rich’s face lit up when Avery jined her and helped her crss the finish line. (这一感人的时刻被拍了下来，并发布在社交媒体上。在视频中，Avery在她母亲接近终点时跑到她身边支持她。当Avery加入她并帮助她越过终点线时，Rich的脸上露出了笑容)”可知，面对妈妈Rich的情况，Avery帮助她跑到终点线。故选A项。
6．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中“In the vide, Rich’s facial expressin changes frm tiredness t a smile after seeing her daughter emerge frm the crwd t jin her. (在视频中，看到女儿从人群中走出来和她在一起后，Rich的表情从疲惫变成了微笑)”可知，Rich在看到女儿加入自己跑马拉松后，不再疲惫，而是露出微笑。由此推知，她对女儿的反应感到很满足。故选B项。
7．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章报道了母亲Rich和女儿Avery之间的故事，作为一名母亲的Rich参加了马拉松比赛，在快接近终点线时体力不支，她的女儿Avery察觉到了她的感受，从人群中走出来加入她，陪她一同越过终点线，两人最后拥抱在一起，这样感人的时刻被视频记录下来，成为这场马拉松比赛中令人难忘的记忆。因此，D项“一个女儿为她的母亲加油，加入她的比赛”概括了故事的核心内容，最适合作为标题。故选D项。
8．答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句上文“The island, made up f plants and trees, smetimes flats arund the lake, causing a majr incnvenience by blcking (阻塞) an imprtant bridge.(这个由植物和树木组成的岛屿有时会漂浮在湖面上，堵塞了一座重要的桥梁，给人们带来了很大的不便)”可知，漂浮岛造成的问题是“堵塞了一座重要的桥梁”。结合划线词所在句下文“Every year, lcal bat wners wrk tgether and push the island away frm the bridge.(每年，当地的船主都会齐心协力，把小岛从桥上推开)”可知，当地人们想到的办法(slutin)是把漂浮岛推走。故选B项。
9．答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Lake Chippewa was brn in 1923 when a vast bg (沼泽) was changed thrugh flding. Sn after that, many f the dark bgs started rising t the surface and became perfect grwing places fr plants, with seeds carried by wind and wild birds t this flating place. Over the years, these bgs have grwn plants and trees and turned int full islands. As time ges by, plants take rt, and the ldest islands even have trees that act as sails (船帆) when the wind blws, mving the entire flating island arund the lake.(奇佩瓦湖诞生于1923年，当时一个巨大的沼泽被洪水改变了。不久之后，许多黑暗的沼泽开始浮出水面，成为植物生长的理想场所，种子被风和野鸟带到这个漂浮的地方。多年来，这些沼泽长出了植物和树木，变成了完整的岛屿。随着时间的流逝，植物生根发芽，最古老的岛屿上甚至有树木，当风吹起时，它们就像船帆一样，将整个漂浮的岛屿移动到湖中)”可知，从第二段我们可以知道漂浮岛是如何形成的。故选A项。
10．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中““It takes a cmmunity’s effrt, and yu must have the winds at yur back t push them in,” said a resident. Mving the island als requires precisin (精确), as just relcating it a shrt distance may result in its return within days.(一位居民说：“这需要整个社区的努力，而且你必须有顺风才能把它们推进来。”移动岛屿也需要精确，因为仅仅将它移动一小段距离就可能导致它在几天内返回。)”可知，推出漂浮岛需要社区的合作和精确。故选B项。
11．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Sme peple have suggested destrying the flating islands t get rid f the prblem. Hwever, the big bg in Lake Chippewa has been arund fr many years, and during that time a variety f animal and plant species have made it their hme. Therefre, lcal gvernment advises they be dealt with in a way that wn’t d harm t wildlife, paying mre attentin t the fine-drawn balance between human cnvenience and envirnmental prtectin.(有些人建议摧毁浮岛来解决这个问题。然而，奇佩瓦湖的大沼泽已经存在了很多年，在此期间，各种各样的动物和植物物种都在这里安家。因此，当地政府建议以不伤害野生动物的方式处理它们，更加注重人类便利与环境保护之间的微妙平衡)”可知，当地政府拒绝摧毁这座岛是为了保护岛上的野生动物。故选D项。
12．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“A multi-year study f lder adults fund that bth shrt and lng sleepers experienced greater cgnitive (认知的) decline than peple wh slept a prper amunt, even when the effects f early Alzheimer's disease were taken int accunt. ”（一项针对老年人的多年研究发现，短时间睡眠者和长时间睡眠者的认知能力都比睡眠适量的人衰退得更严重，即使考虑到早期阿尔茨海默病的影响）结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要介绍了睡眠时间对认知的影响。故选C。
13．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Overall, cgnitive scres declined fr the grups that slept less than 4.5 r mre than 6.5 hurs per night while scres stayed stable fr thse in the middle f the range.”（总体而言，每晚睡眠时间少于4.5小时或超过6.5小时的那组人的认知能力得分有所下降，而睡眠时间在中间的那组人的认知能力得分则保持稳定）可知根据文章，睡眠时间6小时是合适的。故选B。
14．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Overall, cgnitive scres declined fr the grups that slept less than 4.5 r mre than 6.5 hurs per night while scres stayed stable fr thse in the middle f the range.”（总体而言，每晚睡眠时间少于4.5小时或超过6.5小时的那组人的认知能力得分有所下降，而睡眠时间在中间的那组人的认知能力得分则保持稳定）和倒数第二段“The U-shaped relatinship held true fr measures f specific sleep phases, including rapid-eye mvement (REM), r dreaming sleep and nn-REM sleep. Mrever, the same is true even after adjusting fr factrs that can affect bth sleep and cgnitin, such as age, sex, levels f Alzheimer's prteins. “It was particularly interesting t see that nt nly thse with shrt amunts f sleep but als thse with lng amunts f sleep had mre cgnitive decline,” said Prfessr Beau M. Ances.”（u型关系适用于测量特定的睡眠阶段，包括快速眼动(REM)，或做梦睡眠和非快速眼动睡眠。 此外，即使在调整了年龄、性别、阿尔茨海默病蛋白质水平等可能影响睡眠和认知的因素后，情况也是如此。 Beau M. Ances教授说：“特别有趣的是，不仅睡眠时间短的人认知能力下降的情况更严重，睡眠时间长的人也一样。” ）可知睡眠时间与认知得分有关，排除A；睡眠时间越长，认知得分并不高，排除B；当考虑到年龄、性别等因素时，它依然有效，排除D。故选C。
15．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段““Each persn's sleep needs are unique, and peple wh wake up feeling rested n shrt r lng sleep schedules shuld nt feel frced t change their habits,” said c-senir authr David Hltzman, MD. “But thse wh are nt sleeping well shuld be aware that sleep prblems ften can be treated.””（“每个人的睡眠需求都是独特的，那些在短时间或长时间睡眠中醒来感觉休息好的人不应该被迫改变他们的习惯，”联合资深作者大卫·霍尔茨曼医学博士说，“但那些睡眠不好的人应该意识到，睡眠问题通常是可以治疗的。” ）可推知大卫·霍尔茨曼的话意味着睡眠质量是关键。故选A。
16．答案：①-⑤AGFEC
解析：①根据上文提示“Sme gardeners may immediately reach fr chemicals.（一些园丁可能会立即使用化学药品。）”，再根据下文提示“Althugh it may stp the insect prblem, it will als threaten bees and butterflies which help the plants reprduce.（虽然它可以解决昆虫问题，但它也会威胁到帮助植物繁殖的蜜蜂和蝴蝶。）”可知，设空处与上文构成转折关系。所以A项But this is nt wise.（但这是不明智的。）切题。故选A。
②根据下文提示“Only when there are t many harmful insects, shuld pest cntrl be cnsidered.（只有当有害昆虫太多的时候，才应该考虑害虫防治。）”可知，要接受有害虫。所以G项The prcess starts with the idea that having sme pests is acceptable.（这个过程始于有一些害虫是可以接受的想法。）切题。故选G。
③根据上文提示“As a rule, preventin is the best treatment. Inspect plants clsely, including their leaves, befre buying them frm the stre.（一般来说，预防是最好的治疗。在从商店购买之前，仔细检查植物，包括它们的叶子。）”可知，有病虫害的植物不能带回家。所以F项D nt bring any plants hme that shw signs f disease r pests.（不要带任何有病虫害迹象的植物回家。）切题，其中选项中的als顺承了上文。故选F。
④根据下文提示“They invite pests if permitted t remain n the grund. When yu d see pests, wash them away. Use rubbing alchl t remve sme insects, r pick them ff the plants.（如果允许害虫留在地面上，它们会招来害虫。当你看到害虫时，把它们洗掉。用外用酒精去除一些昆虫，或者把它们从植物上摘下来。）”可知，要保持花园远离落叶和其他废物。所以E项Keep yur garden free f fallen leaves, fruits and ther wastes.（让你的花园远离落叶、水果和其他废物。）切题。故选E。
⑤根据上文提示“Avid using pesticides in extreme heat, n windy days, r when the plants are wet.（避免在极端高温、大风天或植物潮湿时使用农药。）”可知，设空处应该是在说使用农药的时间。所以C项Treat the plants early in the mrning r at night.（在清晨或晚上治疗植物。）切题。故选C。
17．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Interlaken，他们会爬到山上，看着滑翔伞运动员飞向天空。A. launch投出，用力扔出；B. mve移动；C. push推；D. pull拉。根据上文“the paragliders”和下文“themselves int the sky”可知，他们看着滑翔伞运动员飞向天空，空格处意为“投出，用力扔出”。故选A。
18．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：回到城里，在一个大公园里，他们看着他们回到了地球。A. space太空；B. cean海洋；C. earth地球；D. sky天空。根据上文“int the sky”和“Back in twn, in a large park”可知，在公园里，那些滑翔伞运动员回到了地球。故选C。
19．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，Thmpsn不知道Kenneth是否会喜欢。A. Therefre因此；B. Besides此外；C. Hwever然而；D. Instead相反。根据上文“there was always s much t d in Interlaken”和下文“He was nt s keen n heights as I was”可知，后文是对前文的补充说明，空格处意为“此外”。故选B。
20．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，Thmpsn不知道Kenneth是否会喜欢。A. cared关心；B. enjyed喜欢；C. remembered记得；D. needed需要。根据下文“He was nt s keen n heights as I was”可知，Thmpsn不知道Kenneth是否会喜欢滑翔伞运动。故选B。
21．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是她继续观看滑翔机飞行和降落。A. pretended假装；B. determined决定；C. cntinued继续；D. tried尝试。Thmpsn不知道Kenneth是否会喜欢，所以就只能继续观看滑翔机飞行和降落。故选C。
22．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：11年后，Thmpsn终于在80岁时驾驶滑翔伞登上了天空。A. quietly安静地；B. immediately立刻；C. patiently耐心地；D. finally终于。根据下文“tk t the skies herself, in a paraglider at the age f 80”可知，Thmpsn终于在80岁时驾驶滑翔伞登上了天空。故选D。
23．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然有些人在飞行时会感到害怕，但她说她只是觉得自由。A. safe安全的；B. free自由的；C. lucky幸运的；D. ready准备好的。根据上文“Althugh sme peple get scared while flying”和常理可知，虽然有的人在空中飞行时会害怕，Thmpsn却感到自由。故选B。
24．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Thmpsn向组织者询问了滑翔伞的年龄限制。A. standard标准；B. difference不同；C. grup集体，团体；D. limit限制。根据下文“Any age”可知，Thmpsn是去问组织者滑翔伞的年龄限制。故选D。
25．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：任何年龄，只要你身体健康。A. fit健康的；B. full满的；C. brave勇敢的；D. calm平静的。根据上文“Any age, as lng as”和常识可知，要玩滑翔伞，肯定需要有健康的身体。故选A。
26．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：Thmpsn在Belfast长大，住在父母商店的楼上。A. settled dwn安顿下来；B. grew up长大；C. went n继续进行；D. turned up出现。根据下文“living abve her parents’ shp in Belfast”可知，他是在Belfast长大的。故选B。
27．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：18岁时，她在Belfast南部的Stranmillis攻读音乐文凭时，在店里帮忙。A. writing写；B. acting行动；C. studying学习；D. searching搜索。根据下文“fr her music diplmas”可知，她为了获取音乐文凭而学习。故选C。
28．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始教当地的孩子弹钢琴，在她教学的高峰时期，她每周上70节课。A. teach教；B. ffer提供；C. sell卖；D. shw展示。根据下文“her teaching”可知，她教当地的孩子弹钢琴。故选A。
29．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开始教当地的孩子弹钢琴，在她教学的高峰期，她每周上70节课。A. skills技能；B. tasks任务；C. lessns课；D. perfrmances表演。根据上文“her teaching”可知，她在教学的高峰期每周上70节课。故选C。
30．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：变老不是很可怕吗？A. necessary必要的；B. pssible可能的；C. harmful有害的；D. awful可怕的。根据上文“Is she scared f getting lder”可知，这里是人们问的问题，即“变老不是很可怕吗”。故选D。
31．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这一点也不困扰我。A. threaten威胁；B. bther困扰；C. cntrl控制；D. surprise使惊讶。根据上文“Peple might wrry abut falling, it being the end f them”和表示转折的but可知，人们会担心掉下来，但是这种担心并没有困扰Thmpsn。故选B。
32．答案：①a②which③n④was included⑤funded⑥and⑦featuring⑧t attend⑨messages⑩glbal
解析：①考查不定冠词。句意：中国巴拿马艺术家、北京师范大学艺术博士Sally Huang献上十三幅画作，将中国传统绘画的写意笔触与拉丁美洲美丽的色彩相结合，呈现了十二生肖。 “artist”为可数名词，所填应是不定冠词作限定词，表泛指，“Chinese/tʃaɪˈniːz/”为辅音音素开头的单词，应是用“a”。故填a。
②考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：中国巴拿马艺术家、北京师范大学艺术博士Sally Huang献上十三幅画作，将中国传统绘画的写意笔触与拉丁美洲美丽的色彩相结合，呈现了十二生肖。先行词thirteen paintings指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中在主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
③考查介词和固定短语。句意：展出的还有毕业于中央美术学院的中国艺术家Zhang Yng的十二生肖雕塑。分析可知，“n display”，固定短语，意为“展览，正在展览中”。故填n。
④考查时态和语态。句意：该展览被列入今年由北京文化艺术基金主办的“画我们的运河”项目。分析可知，所填动词作句子的谓语动词，结合前后文语境以及从句谓语“was spnsred”可知，时态用一般过去时，且主语“The exhibitin”与谓语动词“include(包含，包括)”之间为被动关系，用一般过去时被动结构，根据主语为第三人称单数，应是“was dne”。故填was included。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意：北京文化艺术基金是由北京市文化和旅游局设立的非营利性基金，旨在为舞台艺术、文化交流和艺术人才培养三大领域提供支持。用非谓语形式表达，动词“fund(成立)”与a nnprfit fund之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填funded。
⑥考查并列连词。句意：北京文化艺术基金是由北京市文化和旅游局设立的非营利性基金，旨在为舞台艺术、文化交流和艺术人才培养三大领域提供支持。分析可知，空后名词短语“the cultivatin f art talents(艺术人才的培养)”与之前“stage art(舞台艺术)”，“cultural exchange(文化交流)”为并列关系，用并列连词and连接。故填and。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意：申请该项目的牵头机构是北京师范大学，举办了一系列以中国和巴拿马运河文化为主题的活动，并邀请两国艺术家参加展览和举办学术论坛。用非谓语形式表达。动词“feature”与主语“The lead institutin (牵头机构)”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填featuring。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意：申请该项目的牵头机构是北京师范大学，举办了一系列以中国和巴拿马运河文化为主题的活动，并邀请两国艺术家参加展览和举办学术论坛。分析可知，“invite sb. t d sth”，固定短语，意为“邀请某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填t attend。
⑨考查名词复数。句意：大使在讲话中向艺术家们表示了祝贺，同时强调中国和巴拿马应该共同努力，促进世界和平与发展。分析可知，message是可数名词，“sme”之后接可数名词复数形式。故填messages。
⑩考查形容词。句意：大使在讲话中向艺术家们表示了祝贺，同时强调中国和巴拿马应该共同努力，促进世界和平与发展。分析可知，这里应是形容词作定语，修饰名词短语“peace and develpment”，“glbe”动词，意为“地球”，其形容词形式为“glbal(全球的，全世界的)”。故填glbal。
33．答案： The Bk I Like Mst
Amng all f the bks I’ve read, I culdn’t get enugh f a bk, Tuesdays with Mrrie, written by Mitch. The stry centers n a successful jurnalist Mitch keeping visiting his prfessr, Mrrie, wh is weakened by his severe illness. The weekly cnversatins between them result in a series f lessns n the meaning f life.
Althugh this bk is abut dying, it is a pleasant surprise t find that this bk is filled with jy and hpe. Mrrie’s bravery twards the end f his life has made me value my wn life mre.
Mrrie’s wise cmments n death and life nt nly imprves ur ability t face the death, but enlighten us hw t be present. It is a bk that shuld be n everyne’s reading list.
解析：1.词汇积累
集中在：center n→cncentrate n
导致：result in→lead t
充满：be filled with→be full f
快乐：jy→delight
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Mrrie’s bravery twards the end f his life has made me value my wn life mre.
拓展句：It is Mrrie’s bravery twards the end f his life that has made me value my wn life mre.
【高分句型1】The stry centers n a successful jurnalist Mitch keeping visiting his prfessr, Mrrie, wh is weakened by his severe illness. (运用了wh引导非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Althugh this bk is abut dying, it is a pleasant surprise t find that this bk is filled with jy and hpe. (运用了althugh引导让步状语从句和that引导的宾语从句)
34．答案： “I chse Brady!” I said firmly. Everybdy was shcked. Brady, frzen n the spt, whispered t me, “are yu sure abut this?” I beamed, “Abslutely! I have been there. I knw basketball is in yur bld.” Hearing my wrds, his face cracked int a smile. In the game, Brady was a beast in grace. He made 10 baskets and even stle the ball frm Steven fur times. In the end, ur team, the underdg, wn! Everyne embraced Brady.
Steven lwered his head and walked t Brady. This time, he swallwed his pride and patted Brady n the shulder. “Nt bad! Br! Where did yu learn thse mves?” Steven asked. “Ballet class,” Brady replied with a smile. Frm then n, ur schl team had gt an MVP and Brady, n the ther hand, wn a ballet fan called Steven.
解析：1.段落续写
①由第一段首句““我选择Brady”，我坚定地说。”可知，第一段可以描写同学们的反应以及比赛的情况，最终作者和Brady取得了胜利。
②由第二段首句“Steven低下头，走到Brady面前。”可知，第二段可以描写Steven给Brady道歉，两人和好并成为朋友。
2.续写线索
吃惊——比赛——取得胜利——道歉——成为朋友
3.词汇激活
①行为类
获胜：win/ bear the palm
回复：reply/respnse
被称为：called/named
②情感类
震惊的：shcked/astnished/amazed
高兴：his face cracked int a smile/a smile lit up his face
【高分句型1】Brady, frzen n the spt, whispered t me, “are yu sure abut this?”（运用过去分词作状语）
【高分句型2】Hearing my wrds, his face cracked int a smile.（运用了现在分词作状语）