考点06-形容词和副词知识点总结+习题（含答案）

这是一份考点06-形容词和副词知识点总结+习题（含答案），共11页。
1.形容词词义辨析；
2.形容词短语搭配；
3.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级；
4.副词的基本用法；
5.副词的分类；
6.易混淆的副词用法辨析等
一、形容词
（一）形容词的分类
（二）形容词的句法功能
二、副词
（一）副词的基本用法
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句话的词类，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。
► We shuld listen t ur teachers carefully.我们应该认真听老师讲课。
► He is very happy tday.他今天非常高兴。
►＂What happened?＂I asked, rather angrily. ＂发生什么事情了？＂我相当生气地问。
► Luckily, he was saved finally. 幸运的是他最终获救了。
（二）副词的分类
1、时间副词：tday, early, sn, nw, then, recently, still
（1）表示发生时间的副词： ►It’s beginning t rain nw! 现在开始下雨了！
（2）表示频繁程度的副词，也称频度副词always, ften, usually, smetimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实义动词之前。
►She ften changes her mind. 她常改变主意。
（3）还有一些其他表示时间的副词：►He has just had an peratin. 他刚动过手术。
2、地点副词：here, there, ut, smewhere, abrad, hme
（1）直接表示地点的副词： ►She is studying abrad. 她在国外留学。
（2）还有一些部分与介词同形的副词。它们与介词同形，后跟宾语的是介词，否则是副词：
用作介词：Stand up! 起立！
用作副词： A cat climbed up the tree. 猫爬上了树。
（3）以where构成的副词也是地点副词： It’s the same everywhere. 到处都一样。
3、方式副词：well, fast, slwly, carefully, quickly
（1）方式副词说明行为方式：►Hw beautifully yur wife dances. 你夫人舞跳得真美。
（2）还有的副词表示某些情绪：►She smiled gratefully. 她感激的笑了笑。
（3）还有一些以-ly结尾的副词，表示动作发生的状况：
►He left the twn secretly. 他悄然离开了这座城市。
4、程度副词：very, much, enugh, almst, rather, quite
5、频度副词：always, ften, usually, smetimes, seldm, never
6、疑问副词：where, hw, why
7、否定副词：n, nt, neither, nr
8、其他副词：als, t, nly
【知识扩展】
1、有些词虽然是以ly结尾的，但却是形容词，e.g. lvely、lively、friendly、lnely、likely、ugly …
2、有些词既有形容词词性，又有副词词性，但不同词性的意思不一样；还有一些形容词加上ly变副词但词义也发生了变化。
3、几组常用的副词辨析
三、比较级和最高级
1、形容词和副词的比较级变化规则
2、句式变化
（1）比较级的特殊句式
当主语是人称代词时，其中A是主格，B是宾格 e.g. She is taller than me.
可以用一些单词或者短语来修饰比较级，表示程度：a bit，a little，much，a lt，far，rather，even，still，翻译成“得的多”
以下词只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级：very，quite，s，t
表示＂是几倍，大几岁，高几厘米＂时，可用“倍数/数量词+比较级+than”的结构表示。
e.g. Our rm is twice larger than theirs. 我们的房间是他们的两倍大。
“比较级+and+比较级”的句式
当前后两个比较级相同时，表示“越来越怎样”
e.g. The day is becming warmer and warmer. 天气变得越来越暖和。
当前后两个比较级不同时，表示“更…更…”
e.g. The mn gt fuller and bigger. 月亮变得更大更圆了。
“The+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越…越…” e.g. The mre infrmatin，the better
“as+形容词或副词的原级+as”，表示“和…相同”，叫做同级比较
e.g. She is as tall as me
其否定形式为 nt s/as…as，e.g. He desn’t study s/as hard as his brther.
（2）最高级的特殊句式
一般句式常和in/ f/ amng连用，说明比较的范围 e.g. Lingling is the tallest f the three
ne f the+最高级+名词复数，表示“最…的之一”
当形容词最高级修饰名词时，其前还可以加序数词
e.g. It is the fastest and the secnd cheapest 表示“第二便宜的”
当最高级前有物主代词或名词所有格时，定冠词the省略，
e.g. Mnday is my busiest day
如果两个最高级并列修饰同一个名词，第二个最高级前的the省略。
e.g. He is the yungest and tallest by in my class
最高级的意义还可以用比较级去表达
e.g. New Yrk is busier than any ther city in the US. 纽约比美国任何其他城市都繁华。
Nthing is mre enjyable than playing tennis. 没有什么比打网球更享受。
四、常见的形容词和介词搭配
一、单项选择
Tm's grwn up quickly. He is nearly as __________ as me.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest
--- The Chinese language is mre and mre ppular.
--- Exactly! It's becming a __________ language skill in the internatinal cmmunity.
A. similar B. difficult C. necessary D. traditinal
Nthing is __________ if yu put yur heart int it.
A. impssible B. useful C. different D. necessary
The Greens like the quietness in the cuntryside. The city is t __________ fr them.
A. cmfrtable B. dangerus C. nisy D. interesting
--- l think it is a gd way t study English by watching English mv1es.
--- l agree. 1 find it __________ t imprve my listening.
A. harmful B. thankful C. careful D. helpful
--- Is everyne here tday?
--- N. Tw students are __________ because they have a cld.
A. angry B. absent C. active
The __________ news made him __________. He didn't fall asleep until midnight.
excited; excited B. exciting; exciting C. exciting; excited D. excited; exciting
His grandfather did his best t keep the tree __________, but it died in the end.
A. alive B. asleep C. absent D. awake
二、翻译句子
这个连衣裙太贵了所以我不想买。
________________________________________________________________________
吃太多的糖会使你发胖。
________________________________________________________________________
今年夏天我想去一个特殊而神奇的地方。
________________________________________________________________________
一、单项选择
El Capitan，abut 3,000 feet high，is ne f the wrld's __________ muntains t climb.
A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest
Thanks t better health care，mre peple are living __________ lives tday than befre.
A. lnger B. richer C. busier D. easier
The teacher is glad t see that Tny is __________ than befre.
A. careful B. mre careful C. mst careful D. the mst careful
The Adventures f Tm Sawyer is thught t be ne f __________ American stries.
A. great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest
Prtecting urselves is ne f __________ things we must d.
A. imprtant B. mre imprtant C. mst imprtant D. the mst imprtant
--- What's the wrld's __________ muntain?
--- Munt Qmlangma.
A. lwer B. lwest C. higher D. highest
---l dn't really like big cities.
--- Neither d I. I feel much __________ in the cuntryside.
A. free B. freer C. freest D. the freest
--- Excuse me, sir. The shes are small fr me.
---Dn't wrry. I will change them fr a __________ size.
A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest
二、翻译句子
我认为物理是最令人兴奋的学科之一。
________________________________________________________________________
我相信我的英语会越来越好。
________________________________________________________________________
你越努力,你进步就会越快。
________________________________________________________________________
长江比中国的任何一条河都长。
________________________________________________________________________
一、单项选择
Dad, yu __________ smile when I take phts f yu. Yu always lk s serius.
A. ften B. smetimes C. always D. never
Because peple can find infrmatin n the Internet, knwledge spreads __________.
A. quickly B. ludly C. hardly D. nearly
The dancing teacher gives us instructins __________ until we are perfect in every mve.
A. patiently B. quickly C. bravely D. suddenly
Lily __________ makes a speech in frnt f s many peple. She feels very nervus.
A. ften B. always C. never D. smetimes
Sue wrks __________, s she never seems t make mistakes.
A. late B. alne C. happily D. carefully
--- China has frmed a deep friendship with cuntries arund the wrld.
--- That's true. We are wrking ___________ tgether in many fields.
A. clsely B. nervusly C. terribly D. humrusly
A small twn in Nrway desn't get direct sunshine frm late September t mid-March — __________ six mnths ut f the year.
A. nly B. hardly C. clearly D. nearly
--- Tny, __________ is the match?
---It's next Saturday afternn. Are yu cming?
A. when B. where C. hw D. what
二、翻译句子
游客们喜欢来大连,尤其是在夏天。
________________________________________________________________________
看!孩子们玩得多高兴呀!
________________________________________________________________________
我几乎不相信我们正在市中心。
________________________________________________________________________
女孩跑得不如男孩快。
________________________________________________________________________
一、单项选择
It's unbelievable that muntains can grw. Accrding t a recent survey, Qmlangma has risen __________.
A. lw B. lwer C. high D. higher
Bill lives __________ t schl than Peter.
A. clse B. clsed C. clser D. the clsest
We need t drive mre __________ than usual when we pass a schl.
A. quickly B. happily C. slwly D. plitely
Tday，with the Internet，peple can cmmunicate_ than ever befre.
A. easily B. mre easily C. mst easily D. the mst easily
we're happy that ur cuntry has develped __________ these years than befre.
A. quickly B. less quickly C. mre quickly D. mst quickly
--- What's the best mvie theatre in twn?
--- Sun Cinema. Yu can sit the mst __________.
A. widely B. quietly C. cheaply D. cmfrtable
With the help f Baidu Map，we can find the way __________ than befre.
A. easily B. mre easily C. mst easily D. the mst easily
Mike lives __________ frm schl f all the students，s he always takes a bus t schl.
A. far C. further D. the farther B. farther
二、翻译句子
Tm是我们班里跑得最快的男生之一。
________________________________________________________________________
每天我的同学们到校都比我早。
________________________________________________________________________
你赚的钱越多,花得越多。
________________________________________________________________________
一、单项选择
--- Simn has been __________ schl fr 2 days. What's wrng with him?
--- It's said that he has a cld.
A. nervus abut B. thirsty fr C. absent frm D. wrried abut
Mre and mre peple have realised that clear water and green muntains are as __________ as muntains f gld and silver.
A. central B. special C. valuable D. clear
--- Elder brther: Which is much braver，the sun r the mn, Tm?
--- Yunger brther: Of curse the mn. Because it isn't __________ the dark.
A. harmful t B. afraid f C. sure abut D. hungry fr
It's nt __________ t talk with yur muth full.
A. bring B. plite C. terrible D. sleepy
Open the windw and have sme __________ air in. There is t much smke in the rm.
A. thin B. ht C. dirty D. fresh
If yu are late fr the meeting，please enter the rm __________.
A. slwly B. easily C. ludly D. quietly
Remember t get t the pint. The mre yu talk, __________ attentin he will pay t yu.
A. the bigger B. the fewer C. the mre D. the wrse
Mrs Smith always waits __________ fr students t ask questins after class.
A. patiently B. quickly C. luckily D. deeply
Emma lves animals and she lks after her pet dg__ than her friends.
A. carefully B. mre carefully C. mst carefully D. the mst carefully
Harry Ptter is __________ film I've ever seen.
A. gd B. better C. best D. the best
二、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空
Hundreds f peple are crwding arund the cinema. I guess the film must be ____________. (excite)
It rained ____________ last night and the river rse. (heavy)
They ____________ published findings f a study n this tpic. (recent)
China has develped ____________ in the past 40 years. (quick)
l hpe it'll be ____________ tmrrw. Because we'll have a picnic. (sun)
When yu eat in a Western restaurant, yu'd better use a knife and frk ____________. (prper)
It is ____________ fr teenagers t learn English well. (use)
Yu shuld drink mre water. I think water is ____________ than cffee. (healthy)
Liu Chuanjian, a natinal her, ____________ landed the plane, saving ver 100 peple. (successful).
Hw ____________ yu are! Yu have left yur bk at hme again. (care)
考点一 1~4 ACAC 5~8 DBCA
1. This dress is t expensive，s I dn't want t buy it.
2. Eating t much sugar can make yu fat.
3. I want t g t a special and magical place this summer.
考点二 1~4 CABD 5~8 DDBB
1. I think physics is ne f the mst exciting subjects.
2. I believe my English will get better and better.
3. The harder yu wrk，the greater prgress yu will make.
4. The Changjiang River is lnger than any ther river in China.
考点三 1~4 DAAC 5~8 DADA
1. Turists like cming t Dalian，especially in summer.
2. Lk! Hw happily the children are playing
3. I can hardly believe (that) we are in the city centre.
4. Girls dn't run as quickly as bys.
考点四 1~4 DCCB 5~8 CDBD
1. Tm is ne f the bys wh run fastest in ur class.
2. My classmates get t schl earlier than me every day.
3. The mre mney yu make, the mre yu spend.
综合练习 1~5 CCBBD 6~10 DCABD
1. exciting 2. heavily 3. recently 4. quickly 5. sunny
6. prperly 7. useful 8. healthier 9. successfully 10. careless考点 6
形容词和副词
分类
说明
性质形容词
用于表示人或物所具有的性质。英语中大量形容词属于这一类，多数有比较级和最高级，有程度大小的区别，可以使用程度副词修饰。
e.g. funny滑稽的，lvely可爱的，healthy健康的
类别形容词
用于阐明人或事物所属的特定类别。往往没有程度大小区别、没有比较级和最高级，而且不使用程度副词修饰。
e.g. financial经济的，mental脑力的，cultural文化的
颜色形容词
表示事物颜色。没有比较级和最高级。e.g. blue蓝色的，green绿色的
叙述形容词
这类形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰，大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。
e.g. afraid害怕的，alne单独的，asleep睡着的，wrth值得的，ill病的
分词形容词
有些表情感态度的动词，如excite，wrry，其过去分词和现在分词可形容词化，即相当于形容词。e.g. exciting令人兴奋的，excited感到兴奋的
复合形容词
指的是由几个词共同构成并起形容词作用的词。e.g.
three-year-ld三岁的，rdinary-lking相貌普通的，middle-aged中年的
成分
说明
例句
作定语
一般放在所修饰词的前面（也能后置）
It’s a cld and windy day tday.
今天是个寒冷有风的天气。
作表语
放在系动词的后面
He lks happy tday. 他今天看上去很开心。
做补足语
作主语或宾语补足语，说明主语或宾语的性质、状态或特征，常和make，keep，have搭配使用
I think it impssible fr him t finish the wrk befre dark. 我认为他不可能在天黑之前完成这一工作。
We keep ur classrm clean.
我们保持教室整洁。
作状语
主要表示原因、伴随或方式
Hungry and tired, I had t stp t have a rest.
又累又饿，我只好停下来休息一天。
【知识扩展】
形容词修饰smething, anything, nthing, everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。e.g. There is nthing imprtant in the paper. 报上没什么重要的事情。
表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。
e.g. The bridge is abut tw hundred metres lng. 这座桥长约两百米。
多个形容词作定语时的顺序排列：限定词（冠词、数词、代词等）→描绘性形容词→大、小(长、短、高、低)形容词→形状形容词→年龄(新、旧)形容词→颜色形容词、国籍形容词、材料形容词、用途(类别)形容词、名词。
“口诀”：美小圆旧黄，法国木书房，e.g.
一座古老的中国小石桥：A small ld Chinese stne bridge 。
adj.
adv.
+ly
① hard
努力的，辛苦的，艰难的，坚硬的
努力地，辛苦地，艰难地
hardly
几乎不
② pretty
漂亮的
非常，很
③ late
晚的，迟的
晚地，迟地
lately 近来，最近
④ early
早的
早地
/
⑤ fast
快的
快地
/
⑥ alne
独自一人的
独自一人地
/
⑦ alive
活着的
/
/
①
already
在现在完成时当中只用于肯定句
yet
在现在完成时当中用语否定句和疑问句
②
s
副词词性，在结果状语从句中后接形容词和副词
such
形容词词性，在结果状语从句中后接名词
③
smetimes
频度副词，表示“有时”
smetime
副词词性，表示“某个时候”
sme times
“几次，几倍”
sme time
一段时间
④
t much
“太多”，后接不可数名词
t many
“太多”后接可数名词
much t
“太”，相当于very和quite
⑤
everyday
“每天的”是形容词
every day
“每天”相当于副词做时间状语
构成方式
例词
规则变化
单音节和部分双音节
一般在词尾加-er，-est
high→higher→highest
以不发音的字母e结尾的词，加-r，-st
arge→larger→largest
nice→nicer→nicest
以两个辅元辅结尾的重读闭音节词，双写词尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est
big→bigger→biggest
thin→thinner→thinnest
以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i，再加-er，-est
ugly→uglier→ugliest
busy→busier→busiest
少数以er或w结尾的双音节词，词尾加-er，-est
narrw→narrwer→narrwest
clever→cleverer→cleverest
多音节
其他双音节词和多音节词及分词形容词，在词前加mre，mst
imprtant→mre imprtant→mst imprtant
不规则变化
gd/ well→better→best
bad/ ill, badly→wrse→wrst
many/ much→mre→mst
little→less→least
far→farther/ further→farthest/ furthest
ld→lder/elder→ldest /eldest
【知识扩展】
1、farther/farthest和further/furthest的区别：二者表示距离时，往往可互换，但是用于引申义，表示程度时，只能使用后者。
He can thrw much farther/further than yu. 他可以比你扔得远得多。
His suggestin is that Kate shuld be sent abrad fr further educatin. 他的建议是凯特被派往国外进修。
2、lder/ldest和elder/eldest的区别：前者用于人或者物，可作定语和表语，可与than连用，而后者主要用于家人之间，表明长幼关系，往往用于人，不用于物，而且只作定语不作表语，也不与than连用。
I’m tw years lder than him. 我比他大两岁。
His elder brther wrks in a clthing factry. 他哥哥在一家服装厂工作。
【abut】
be excited abut 对…感到激动
be happy abut 对…感到开心
be mad abut 为…感到入迷
be wrried abut 为…担心
【at】
be gd at 擅长…
be mad at 对……生气
be surprised at对……感到惊讶
【fr】
be famus fr 因…而著名
be gd fr 对…有益
be bad fr 对…有害
be late fr 迟到
【frm】
be away frm 远离…
be different frm 和…不同
【in】
be interested in 对……感兴趣
be strict in sth.对某事严格
【f】
be afraid f 害怕…
be careful f（abut） 当心，注意
be full f 充满了…
be prud f对……感到自豪
【t】
be familiar t 为…所熟系，
be famus t 为…所著名
be friendly/kind t对……友好
be plite/implite t对…有（不）礼貌
be harmful t 对…有害
be similar t 和…相似
【with】
be angry with 对……生气
be bred with 对…厌烦
be busy with 忙于…
be careful with 小心…、仔细…
be familiar with 熟系…
be pleased with对…感到高兴
be ppular with受……欢迎；
be satisfied with对…感到满意/高兴
be strict with sb.对某人严格
▶▶▶ 形容词和副词练习题 ◀◀◀
考点一
形容词（原级）
考点二
形容词的比较级和最高级
考点三
副词（原级）
考点四
副词的比较级和最高级
综合练习
考点 6
形容词和副词参考答案