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河南省焦作市博爱县第一中学2023-2024学年高三下学期开学英语试题
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这是一份河南省焦作市博爱县第一中学2023-2024学年高三下学期开学英语试题，共18页。
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力部分 略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Self-Prtrait Challenge
Have yu ever dne a self-prtrait in an art lessn at schl? Tday, we’re challenging yu t write self-prtrait pems. It’s nt uncmmn t feel like the way peple see yu n the utside desn’t quite match up with hw yu feel n the inside. S creating a self-prtrait can be a gd pprtunity t address thse differences and present the realest, truest versin f yurself.
Yur challenge is t create a self-prtrait in lines, using wrds instead f paint. Read n fr sme mre inspiratin.
Writing Tips
● Have a g at writing a list f metaphrs explring yur physical appearance, starting frm yur head and wrking yur way dwn twards yur feet.
● Instead f representing yurself directly, take n anther character, such as a fictinal character, a histrical figure, r even a different versin f yurself.
● Play arund with persnificatin, by taking n the vice f a physical bject in yur pem. Think abut what a self-prtrait frm the pint f view f a mirrr, r a bwl f yur favurite fd wuld lk like?
Hw t enter
This challenge is fr writers aged up t 25 based anywhere in the wrld. The deadline is 23:59 GMT, 17 March 2024. Yu can send a pem, r pems, written dwn, r as vide r audi files. We are using Submittable t accept submissins t this challenge. Yu will need t make a free Submittable accunt t submit in this way. Using Submittable helps ur team t administrate and prcess entries mre quickly. Selected pets will be published n Yung Pets Netwrk.
1．What des the Self-prtrait Challenge encurage participants t d?
A．Explre true selves.B．Cnvey psitive emtins.
C．Illustrate persnal prfiles.D．Cmpare different persnalities.
2．What is suggested t better handle the challenge?
A．Using simple language.B．Presenting yurself directly.
C．Taking a different pint f view.D．Fcusing n physical appearance.
3．What is “Submittable” likely t be?
A．A writing tl.B．A search engine.
C．An email accunt.D．An nline platfrm.
B
Sme peple say glbal English is n lnger just cntrlled by British r American English, but is running free and develping uniquely lcal frms. Can yu figure ut the fllwing terms?
“I like yur smile, but unlike yu put yur shes n my face.” This is a way f saying “Keep ff the grass.” Or “peple muntain, peple sea”, which means “very crwded”.
These examples are what we call Chinglish. When it cmes t Chinglish, if all yu knw is “gd gd study, day day up”, yu will be cnsidered “ut man”.
Nwadays, mre Chinglish wrds have been created, fr example, a Chinese idim is translated as “smilence”, a cmbinatin by the English wrd “smile” and “silence”.
Chinglish usually ffers a humrus lk at misuses f the English language in Chinese street signs, prducts, and advertising. They are favred by sme English-speaking turists and visitrs. Dminic Swire has been living in Beijing fr a cuple f years. “I think many Chinese peple cmplain abut the Chinglish and badly translated English. But yu knw, smetimes fr us freigners, it’s actually quite charming t see them. I think if the translatins f English in China were all perfect, then smething wuld be lst frm Chinese culture.”
Hwever, Chinglish will prbably becme a “cultural relic” in the near future. Beijing has made a cmprehensive plan t imprve freign language services and crrect Chinglish within five years. “It is very ridiculus t see Chinglish n the signs in sme scenic spts. And they are a kind f barrier fr cmmunicatin between Chinese and peple frm ther cuntries,” a Beijinger said.
Sme Chinese university experts side with Chinglish. They argue that English has absrbed elements frm ther languages such as French and Spanish in its grwth, and nw it’s Chinese’s turn.
4．Which f the fllwing statements explains what Chinglish is?
A．English wrds which get new Chinese meanings.
B．The Chinese wrds which are difficult t translate.
C．The wrds cmbining English vcabulary and Chinese grammar.
D．The lcal wrds preventing freigners frm learning Chinese well.
5．Wh will be called “ut man” accrding t the passage?
A．A persn wh knws little abut Chinglish wrd.
B．A student wh hates learning freign languages.
C．A turist wh fails t understand lcal translatins.
D．An expert wh desn’t supprt Chinglish at all.
6．Which statement abut Chinglish will Swire prbably agree with?
A．It can shw the humur f Chinese. B．It helps him t learn Chinese well.
C．It will attract mre freign turists. D． It seems part f Chinese culture.
7．Why Chinglish is likely t becme a “cultural relic” in Beijing?
A．Because it has becme a unique bridge between Chinese and English.
B．Because Chinglish is a chance t enrich Chinese and English.
C．Because it imprves the understanding between Chinese and freigners.
D．Because Beijing is determined t get rid f Chinglish signs.
C
A new study by researchers at the University f British Clumbia (UBC) and the University f Victria has shwn that cmmn levels f traffic pllutin can damage human brain functin in nly a matter f hurs.
“Fr many decades, scientists thught the brain may be prtected frm the harmful effects f air pllutin,” said senir study authr Dr. Chris Carlsten. “This study, which is the first f its kind in the wrld, prvides fresh evidence supprting a cnnectin between air pllutin and cgnitin.”
Fr the study, the researchers briefly expsed 25 healthy adults t diesel exhaust (柴油废气) and filtered air at different times in a labratry setting. Brain activity was measured befre and after each expsure using functinal magnetic resnance imaging (fMRI).
The researchers analyzed changes in the brain’s default mde netwrk (DMN) , a set f inter-cnnected brain regins that play an imprtant rle in memry and internal thught. The fMRI revealed that participants had decreased functinal cnnectivity in widespread regins f the DMN after expsure t diesel exhaust, cmpared t filtered air.
“We knw that altered functinal cnnectivity in the DMN has been assciated with reduced cgnitive perfrmance and symptms f depressin, s it’s cncerning t see traffic pllutin interrupting these same netwrks,” said Dr. Jdie Gawryluk, a psychlgy prfessr at the University f Victria and the study’s first authr. “While mre research is needed t fully understand the functinal impacts f these changes, it’s pssible that they may impair (损害) peple’s thinking r ability t wrk.”
Ntably, the changes in the brain were temprary and participants’ cnnectivity returned t nrmal after the expsure. Dr. Carlsten assumed that the effects culd be lng lasting where expsure is cntinuus. He said that peple shuld be mindful f the air they’re breathing and take apprpriate steps t minimize their expsure t ptentially harmful air pllutants like car exhaust.
8．Hw des traffic pllutin affect peple accrding t the study?
A．Exhausting their bdy.B．Decreasing their incme.
C．Endangering their safety.D．Harming their brain functin.
9．What may the DMN be respnsible fr?
A．Grwth.B．Sprt.C．Memry.D．Behaviur.
10．What can peple d t reduce the impact accrding t Dr. Carlsten?
A．Avid being expsed t the plluted air cnstantly.
B．Be mindful f the air quality in a new city.
C．Measure the brain activity in labratries.
D．Stay inside a huse as ften as pssible.
11．What is the best title fr the text?
A．A Rle Of Brain Will Be Ruined
B．Traffic Pllutin May Impair Brain Functin
C．A Famus UK University Did A Vital Study
D．A Surce Of Pllutin Has Drawn Peple’s Attentin
D
Mark Twain has been called the inventr f the American nvel. And he surely deserves additinal praise: the man wh ppularized the clever literary attack n racism.
I say clever because anti-slavery fictin had been the imprtant part f the literature in the years befre the Civil War. H. B．Stwe’s Uncle Tm’s Cabin is nly the mst famus example. These early stries dealt directly with slavery. With minr exceptins, Twain planted his attacks n slavery and prejudice int tales that were n the surface abut smething else entirely. He drew his readers int the argument by drawing them int the stry.
Again and again, in the pstwar years, Twain seemed frced t deal with the challenge f race. Cnsider the mst cntrversial, at least tday, f Twain’s nvels, Adventures f Huckleberry Finn. Only a few bks have been kicked ff the shelves as ften as Huckleberry Finn, Twain’s mst widely read tale. Once upn a time, peple hated the bk because it struck them as rude. Twain himself wrte that thse wh banned the bk cnsidered the nvel “trash and suitable nly fr the slums (贫民窟).” Mre recently the bk has been attacked because f the character Jim, the escaped slave, and many ccurrences f the wrd nigger. (The term Nigger Jim, fr which the nvel is ften severely criticized, never appears in it. )
But the attacks were and are silly — and miss the pint. The nvel is strngly anti-slavery. Jim’s search thrugh the slave states fr the family frm whm he has been frcibly parted is heric. As J. Chadwick has pinted ut, the character f Jim was a first in American fictin — a recgnitin that the slave had tw persnalities, “the vice f survival within a white slave culture and the vice f the individual: Jim, the father and the man.”
There is much mre. Twain’s mystery nvel Pudd’nhead Wilsn std as a challenge t the racial beliefs f even many f the liberals f his day. Written at a time when the accepted wisdm held Negres t be inferir (低等的) t whites, especially in intelligence, Twain’s tale centered in part arund tw babies switched at birth. A slave gave birth t her master’s baby and, fr fear that the child shuld be sld Suth, switched him fr the master’s baby by his wife. The slave’s light-skinned child was taken t be white and grew up with bth the attitudes and the educatin f the slave-hlding class. The master’s wife’s baby was taken fr black and grew up with the attitudes and intnatins f the slave.
The pint was difficult t miss: nurture (养育), nt nature, was the key t scial status. The features f the black man that prvided the stuff f prejudice — manner f speech, fr example — were, t Twain, indicative f nthing ther than the cnditining that slavery frced n its victims.
Twain’s racial tne was nt perfect. One is left uneasy, fr example, by the lengthy passage in his autbigraphy abut hw much he lved what were called “nigger shws” in his yuth — mstly with white men perfrming in black-face — and his delight in getting his mther t laugh at them. Yet there is n reasn t think Twain saw the shws as representing reality. His frequent attacks n slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did nt.
Was Twain a racist? Asking the questin in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same f Lincln. If we read the wrds and attitudes f the past thrugh the “wisdm” f the cnsidered mral judgments f the present, we will find nthing but errr. Lincln, wh believed the black man the inferir f the white, fught and wn a war t free him. And Twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a sldier, and inventr f Jim, may have dne mre t anger the natin ver racial injustice and awaken its cllective cnscience than any ther nvelist in the past century.
12．Hw d Twain’s nvels n slavery differ frm Stwe’s?
A．Twain was mre willing t deal with racism.
B．Twain was penly cncerned with racism.
C．Twain’s themes seemed t agree with the plts.
D．Twain’s attack n racism was much less pen.
13．What best prves Twain’s anti-slavery stand accrding t the authr?
A．Jim grew up int a man and a father in the white culture.
B．The slave’s vice was first heard in American nvels.
C．Twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.
D．Jim’s search fr his family was described in detail.
14．What des the underlined wrd “they” in Paragraph 7 refer t?
A．The attacks.B．The shws.C．White men.D．Slavery and prejudice.
15．What des the authr mainly argue fr?
A．Twain’s wrks had been banned n unreasnable grunds.
B．Twain’s wrks shuld be read frm a histrical pint f view.
C．Twain was an admirable figure cmparable t Abraham Lincln.
D．Twain had dne mre than his cntemprary writers t attack racism.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t build a habit in 4 steps
Having develped gd habits, little t n will pwer (意志) is required t chse wisely. Sunds great, right? The nly catch is that building gd habits takes effrt and insight. 16
17 The way yu define the gal yu hpe t turn int a habit des matter. Gals such as “meditate regularly” (定期冥想) are t abstract.Yu’ll benefit frm being mre specific abut what exactly yu aim t d and hw ften. Dn’t say “I’ll meditate regularly.” Say, “I’ll meditate fr 15 minutes each day.” Having a bite-size bjective makes it less daunting t get started and easier t see yur prgress.
Make it fun t repeat. Rresearch has shwn yu’ll persist lnger and ultimately achieve mre if yu fcus n finding ways t make gal pursuit fun. Because yu are far mre likely t stick with smething yu enjy. 18 .
Fster (培养) flexibility. A flexible habit means yu can still d what yu need t even when a wrench is thrwn in yur first best plans—say, a traffic jam n the way t drpping the kids ff at schl that gets in the way f yur mrning meditatin. 19 A cuple f emergency reserves each week give yu the flexibility t miss a day when a real emergency arises withut getting discuraged and abandning yur bjective entirely.
Find the right kind f scial supprt. 20 Want t start running regularly? Yu’re prbably better ff jining an established running club. Peple in the running club have already built the habits yu want. Yu can learn frm them abut what wrks and gain friends wh will make yu feel like a sluch when yu slack ff.
A．Set a specific gal.
B．Create a detailed, cue-based plan.
C．We’re strngly influenced by the behavirs f the peple arund us.
D．One way that’s prven useful is by giving yurself “emergency reserves”.
E．Making this kind f plan reduces the chances yu’ll frget t fllw thrugh.
F．And repetitin is key t habit frmatin, making the experience psitive is critical.
G．Here are a few steps that can set yu n the path t gd habits.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was halfway acrss Indiana headed hme t Kentucky when my car brke dwn. My phne was 21 , t. I managed t get t a gas statin, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was n 22 n duty. I was wrking my way thrugh university then and had little mney fr 23 the car.
I sat alngside my car fr several hurs trying t 24 the heat when an lder gentleman 25 t fuel his car. He asked abut my car, and I 26 my predicament (困境). T my 27 , the gentleman tld me that he had a daughter my age, and then he pened his trunk and 28 a tl set.
Right then and there, this ttal 29 examined my engine, explaining as he wrked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been charged fr s lng that they were 30 t functin. After abut an hur, he 31 that my car was safe t finish the trip.
32 came at the hands f a stranger. 33 his clthes, wrking n a ht September afternn, this man 34 a cllege student frm disaster, just because she culd have been his 35 .
21．A．busyB．ludC．deadD．secure
22．A．mechanicB．plicemanC．managerD．guide
23．A．washingB．parkingC．purchasingD．maintaining
24．A．feelB．beatC．absrbD．prduce
25．A．prmisedB．refusedC．stppedD．vlunteered
26．A．slvedB．nticedC．escapedD．explained
27．A．surpriseB．regretC．amusementD．disappintment
28．A．called upB．pulled utC．put dwnD．threw away
29．A．liarB．beginnerC．strangerD．lser
30．A．freeB．readyC．uncertainD．unable
31．A．prnuncedB．agreedC．discveredD．dubted
32．A．TirednessB．KindnessC．LnelinessD．Carefulness
33．A．FldingB．DryingC．SilingD．Mending
34．A．savedB．calledC．judgedD．banned
35．A．friendB．daughterC．cwrkerD．custmer
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whenever yu have t write a paper, a letter, r any ther dcument fr wrk r schl, yu prbably head tward the cmputer. Nw, mst peple reach fr 36 (keybard) faster than they pick up pens. In a Scttish primary schl, hwever, Mr. Nrman Lewis is taking a different apprach. He feels that neat handwriting 37 (be) still an imprtant skill, s he has his students write nt nly by hand but als 38 ld fashined funtain pens.
Funtain pens 39 (use) in schls lng ag and have been regaining ppularity lately because they are refillable. Tday, a writer 40 (simple) thrws an empty pen away and gets 41 new ne.
S far, Mr. Lewis is pleased with the results f his experiment. He reprts that his students are taking mre care with their wrk, and their self-cnfidence has imprved as well. He is happy with the 42 (imprve) he sees in his students’ writing 43 in his wn writing. He knws that cmputers are here 44 (stay) and that they will nt disappear. Hwever, he believes that the practice with funtain pens helps students t fcus, t write faster, and they can feel prud f 45 (they).
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46．假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter暑假要来中国旅游，他希望你推荐一家中国主题公园，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.主题公园的名字和位置;
2.你推荐的理由;
3.表示欢迎。
注意：1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a beautiful day utside. The sky was a pale blue and the cluds were big and fluffy which made me delighted. I decided t take a walk in the park and enjy the lvely weather. As I was walking, I saw a little girl sitting n a bench, lking sad and lnely. I apprached her and asked if she was kay. She lked up at me with big, rund eyes filled with tears and shk her head.
I sat dwn next t her and asked her what was wrng. She said that she had lst her dll and culdn’t find it anywhere. I ffered t help her lk fr it and we searched the park tgether. We lked in every nk and cranny, behind trees and bushes, but culdn’t find the dll. We all felt frustrated and depressed. Just when we were abut t give up, I saw a glimmer f pink behind a park bench. I picked up the dll and handed it t the little girl.
She was s grateful and gave me a big, warm hug. She tld me that her dll was very special t her because the gift was given by her best friend wh had gne abrad and she missed the best friend very much. She culdn’t thank me enugh fr helping her find it. As we walked back t her huse, the little girl tld me that she was new t the area and didn’t have any friends yet. She always felt lnely and sad and didn’t want t g t schl. I cmfrted her and prmised t cme back and visit her again, and we exchanged phne numbers.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150 左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: As prmised, I went t visit the little girl the fllwing week.
Paragraph 2: Years passed, and I received a wedding invitatin frm my childhd friend.
参考答案
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．D
【解析】
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“S creating a self-prtrait can be a gd pprtunity t address thse differences and present the realest, truest versin f yurself.(因此，创作一幅自画像是一个很好的机会，可以解决这些差异，展示最真实、最真实的自己)”可知，自画像挑战鼓励参与者探索真实的自我。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Writing Tips部分中“Think abut what a self-prtrait frm the pint f view f a mirrr, r a bwl f yur favurite fd wuld lk like?(想象一下，从镜子的角度看一幅自画像，或者从一碗你最喜欢的食物的角度看是什么样子？)”可知，要更好地应对这一挑战应该采取不同的角度。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“We are using Submittable t accept submissins t this challenge. Yu will need t make a free Submittable accunt t submit in this way. Using Submittable helps ur team t administrate and prcess entries mre quickly. (我们正在使用Submittable来接受本次挑战的提交。您需要创建一个免费的Submittable账户以这种方式提交。使用Submittable可以帮助我们的团队更快地管理和处理条目)”可推知，Submittable可能是在线平台。故选D。
Ｂ
【答案】
4．C 5．A 6．D 7．D
【解析】
4．推理判断题。根据第二段内容““I like yur smile, but unlike yu put yur shes n my face.” This is a way f saying “Keep ff the grass.” Or “peple muntain, peple sea”, which means “very crwded”. (“我喜欢你的笑容，但不喜欢你踩在我脸上”这是在表达“不要践踏草坪”或者“人山人海”意思是很拥挤)”和第四段“Nwadays, mre Chinglish wrds have been created, fr example, a Chinese idim is translated as“smilence”, a cmbinatin by the English wrd smile and silence.(现在，更多的中式英语词汇被创造出来，例如，一个汉语成语被翻译成“smilence”，由英语单词微笑和沉默组合而成)可知，文中举的中式英语的例子都是把英语词汇按照汉语语法表达出来，与C选项“英语词汇和汉语语法相结合的词汇。”描述相符。故选C项。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段的“When it cmes t Chinglish, if all yu knw is “gd gd study, day day up”, yu will be cnsidered “ut man”.( 说到中式英语，如果你只知道“gd gd study, day day up”，你就会被认为是“ut man”)”可推断，如果关于中式英语，你只是知道“gd gd study, day day up”，你被认为是“ut man”，因此推断一个对中式英语知之甚少的人将被称为“ut man”。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第五段中Swire说话的内容“I think many Chinese peple cmplain abut the Chinglish and badly translated English. But yu knw, smetimes fr us freigners, it’s actually quite charming t see them. I think if the translatins f English in China were all perfect, then smething wuld be lst frm Chinese culture. (我想很多中国人抱怨中式英语和翻译不好的英语。但是你知道，有时候对我们外国人来说，看到它们真的很迷人。我认为如果中国的英语翻译都是完美的，那么中国文化就会失去一些东西)”可知，他认为中式英语是中国文化的一部分。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Beijing has made a cmprehensive plan t imprve freign language services and crrect Chinglish within five years. “It is very ridiculus t see Chinglish n the signs in sme scenic spts. And they are a kind f barrier fr cmmunicatin between Chinese and peple frm ther cuntries,” a Beijinger said. (北京已经制定了一项全面计划，在五年内提高外语服务和纠正中式英语。一个北京人说道：“在一些景点看到中式英语的标语是很可笑的。并且它们也是中国人与其他外国人交流的障碍。”)”可推知，中式英语会成为文化遗迹是因为在政府的政策下会逐渐消除中式英语，尤其是那些标语。故选D项。
Ｃ
【答案】
8．D 9．C 10．A 11．B
【解析】
8．细节理解题。由文章第一段“A new study by researchers at the University f British Clumbia (UBC) and the University f Victria has shwn that cmmn levels f traffic pllutin can damage human brain functin in nly a matter f hurs. (英属哥伦比亚大学(UBC)和维多利亚大学的研究人员进行的一项新研究表明，普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。)”可知，交通污染会损害人们的大脑功能。故选D。
9．细节理解题。由文章第四段“The researchers analyzed changes in the brain’s default mde netwrk (DMN) , a set f inter-cnnected brain regins that play an imprtant rle in memry and internal thught. The fMRI revealed that participants had decreased functinal cnnectivity in widespread regins f the DMN after expsure t diesel exhaust, cmpared t filtered air. (研究人员分析了大脑默认模式网络(DMN)的变化，这是一组相互连接的大脑区域，在记忆和内部思维中起着重要作用。功能磁共振成像显示，与过滤空气相比，接触柴油废气后，参与者DMN广泛区域的功能连通性下降。)”可知，DMN可能负责记忆。故选C。
10．细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“Dr. Carlsten assumed that the effects culd be lng lasting where expsure is cntinuus. He said that peple shuld be mindful f the air they’re breathing and take apprpriate steps t minimize their expsure t ptentially harmful air pllutants like car exhaust. ( Carlsten博士认为，如果持续接触，这种影响可能会持续很长时间。他说，人们应该注意自己呼吸的空气，并采取适当措施，尽量减少接触汽车尾气等潜在有害空气污染物。)”可知， Carlsten博士认为，人们可以避免经常暴露在被污染的空气中来减少影响。故选A。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“A new study by researchers at the University f British Clumbia (UBC) and the University f Victria has shwn that cmmn levels f traffic pllutin can damage human brain functin in nly a matter f hurs. (英属哥伦比亚大学(UBC)和维多利亚大学的研究人员进行的一项新研究表明，普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项新研究，该研究表明普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。故选B。
Ｄ
【答案】
12．D 13．A 14．B 15．D
【解析】
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“H. B. Stwe’s Uncle Tm’s Cabin is nly the mst famus example. These early stries dealt directly with slavery. With minr exceptins, Twain planted his attacks n slavery and prejudice int tales that were n the surface abut smething else entirely. He drew his readers int the argument by drawing them int the stry.(H. B.斯托的《汤姆叔叔的小屋》只是最著名的例子。这些早期故事直接与奴隶制有关。除了一些小的例外，吐温把他对奴隶制和偏见的攻击植入了一些表面上完全不同的故事中。他通过把读者引入故事来吸引他们加入辩论)”可知，吐温关于奴隶制的小说与斯托的不同之处在于吐温对种族主义的攻击就没那么公开。故选D。
13．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The nvel is strngly anti-slavery. Jim’s search thrugh the slave states fr the family frm whm he has been frcibly parted is heric. As J. Chadwick has pinted ut, the character f Jim was a first in American fictin — a recgnitin that the slave had tw persnalities, ‘the vice f survival within a white slave culture and the vice f the individual: Jim, the father and the man.’(这部小说强烈反对奴隶制。吉姆在蓄奴州寻找他被迫与之分离的家庭是英勇的。正如J.查德威克所指出的，吉姆这个角色是美国小说中的第一个角色——承认奴隶有两种性格，‘在白人奴隶文化中生存的声音和个人的声音：吉姆，父亲和男人。’)”可推出，吉姆在白人文化中成长为一个男人和一个父亲，作者认为这最好地证明了吐温反对奴隶制的立场。故选A。
14．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“Yet there is n reasn t think Twain saw the shws as representing reality. His frequent attacks n slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did nt.(然而，我们没有理由认为吐温认为这些表演代表了现实。他对奴隶制和偏见的频繁抨击表明，他敏锐地意识到它们并非如此)”可知，划线词they是指代上文中的表演。故选B。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Mark Twain has been called the inventr f the American nvel. And he surely deserves additinal praise: the man wh ppularized the clever literary attack n racism.(马克·吐温被称为美国小说的发明者。他当然应该得到额外的赞扬：他让对种族主义的巧妙的文学攻击得以普及)”和最后一段中“And Twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a sldier, and inventr f Jim, may have dne mre t anger the natin ver racial injustice and awaken its cllective cnscience than any ther nvelist in the past century.(吐温在一个蓄奴州长大，曾短暂当兵，还是吉姆的创作者，他可能比上个世纪的任何小说家都更能激起美国人对种族不平等的愤怒，更能唤醒美国人的集体良知)”可知，作者主要论证了在抨击种族主义方面，吐温比同时代的作家做得更多。故选D。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
【答案】
16．G 17．A 18．F 19．D 20．C
【解析】
16．上文“The nly catch is that building gd habits takes effrt and insight.”指出养成良好的习惯需要付出努力和洞察力。下面每段介绍了一个养成好习惯的方法，由此可知，空处应该是引起下文，指出有一些方法能帮助你养成好习惯，G项“以下几个步骤可以帮助您养成良好的习惯。”符合，故选G项。
17． 此处是本段小标题，下文“The way yu define the gal yu hpe t turn int a habit des matter. (你如何定义你希望变成习惯的目标是很重要的)”可知，设定目标很重要，由此推断出，本段主要介绍了和设定目标相关的内容，A项“设定特殊的目标”作为本段的小标题，结合其他小标题，用祈使句，符合题意。故选A。
18． 根据本段小标题“Make it fun t repeat.(让重复变得有趣)”及上文“Because yu are far mre likely t stick with smething yu enjy.(因为你更有可能坚持你喜欢的东西)”可知，本段主要讲的是让重复变得有趣是因为人只有找到你喜欢的东西才能坚持下去，F项“重复是养成习惯的关键，让体验变得积极至关重要”和上文构成内容上的承接关系。故选F项。
19．上文“A flexible habit means yu can still d what yu need t even when a wrench is thrwn in yur first best plans—say, a traffic jam n the way t drpping the kids ff at schl that gets in the way f yur mrning meditatin.”可知，灵活的习惯意味着你可以在遇到麻烦以后仍然可以做你需要做的事情。D项“一种被证明有用的方法是给自己 ‘应急储备’。”和上文构成内容上的承接，指出了应急储备可以帮助解决以上问题。故选D项。
20．根据小标题“Find the right kind f scial supprt. (寻找合适的社会支持。)”和下文“Yu can learn frm them abut what wrks and gain friends wh will make yu feel like a sluch when yu slack ff.(你可以向他们学习什么是有效的，并获得朋友，当你松懈时，他们会让你觉得自己懒散)”可知，这个事例说明了寻找社会支持和我们深受周围人行为的影响，是对C项“我们深受周围人行为的影响”这一观点的举例说明。故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
【答案】
21．C 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．D 31．A 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．B
【解析】21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的手机也没电了。A. busy忙的；B. lud大声的；C. dead（因无电力）不工作的；D. secure可靠的。根据上文“I was halfway acrss Indiana headed hme t Kentucky when my car brke dwn.”以及句中的t可知，作者的车坏了，手机也因为没电而关机了。故选C。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我设法去了一个加油站，但那是初秋的周日，没有机修工值班。A. mechanic机修工；B. pliceman警察；C. manager经理；D. guide指导。根据上文“but it was Sunday in the early fall”可知，作者的车坏了，所以她应该去找修车的。但是因为是周日，所以加油站的机修工都没上班。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我正努力读完大学，几乎没有钱保养这辆车。A. washing清洗；B. parking停车；C. purchasing购买；D. maintaining保养。根据空前“I was wrking my way thrugh university then and had little mney”可知，作者当时正在在读大学，没有什么钱，所以几乎是不保养车的。故选D。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。A. feel感觉；B. beat击败；C. absrb吸收；D. prduce生产。根据下文“wrking n a ht September afternn”可知，事情发生在一个炎热的夏天，作者坐在车边试图保持凉爽。beat the heat“消暑，在炎热的天气中保持凉爽”。故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。A. prmised答应了；B. refused拒绝；C. stpped停止；D. vlunteered自愿的。根据上文“I managed t get t a gas statin”可知，作者是在加油站，所以有一辆车停下来加油。故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他问起我的车，我解释了我的困境。A. slved解决；B. nticed注意到；C. escaped逃脱。D. explained解释。根据上文“He asked abut my car”可知，这位绅士询问作者的车出了什么问题，然后作者向他解释了他的困境。故选D。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. surprise惊喜；B. regret遗憾；C. amusement可笑；D. disappintment失望。根据下文“the gentleman tld me that he had a daughter my age, and then he pened his trunk and a tl set”可知，这位年长的绅士听到作者的困难后，告诉作者他也有一个女儿，而且从车里拿出一套工具。这让作为陌生人的作者感到非常的惊讶。故选A。
28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. called up打电话给；B. pulled ut取出；C. put dwn放下；D. threw away扔掉了。根据空后“a tl set”以及下文“Right then and there, this ttal examined my engine, explaining as he wrked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed fr s lng that they were t functin.”可知，这位绅士从他的车里拿出一套工具，帮作者修起了车。故选B。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. liar骗子；B. beginner初学者；C. stranger陌生人；D. lser失败者。根据上文“I sat alngside my car fr several hurs trying t the heat when an lder gentleman t fuel his car”以及全文语境可知，这个绅士对于作者来说完全是个陌生人。故选C。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. free免费的；B. ready准备好的；C. uncertain不确定；D. unable不能的。根据上文“as he wrked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed fr s lng ”可知，由于车辆的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，所以导致它不能正常工作。故选D。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一个小时后，他宣布我的车可以安全地完成旅程。A. prnunced宣布；B. agreed同意；C. discvered发现；D. dubted怀疑。根据空后“that my car was safe t finish the trip”可知，经过一个小时的修理后，那个绅士宣布说车可以安全地完成旅程。故选A。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：善良来自一个陌生人。A. Tiredness疲劳；B. Kindness善良；C. Lneliness孤独；D. Carefulness细心。根据全文语境可知，一位陌生人帮助了他，所以此处指善意来自一个陌生人。故选B。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. Flding折叠；B. Drying干燥；C. Siling弄脏。D. Mending修补。根据上文“After abut an hur, he that my car was safe t finish the trip”可知，那位绅士给作者修了一个小时的车。此处指修车时弄脏了自己的衣服。故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. saved救了；B. called打电话；C. judged判断；D. banned禁止。根据上文“Right then and there, this ttal examined my engine, explaining as he wrked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed fr s lng that they were t functin.”可知，这个陌生人给作者修了车，所以作者觉得他就像是从灾难中是救了她。故选A。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能是他的女儿同龄。A. friend朋友。B. daughter女儿；C. cwrker同事；D. custmer顾客。根据上文“the gentleman tld me that he had a daughter my age”可知，作者觉那位绅士帮助作者是因为他有一个和她同龄的女儿。此处指作者就像那位男士的女儿。故选B。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
【答案】
36．keybards 37．is 38．with 39．were used 40．simply 41．a 42．imprvement 43．and 44．t stay 45．themselves
【解析】
36．考查名词的数。句意：现在，大多数人拿起键盘的速度比拿起笔的速度还快。根据空格前的介词fr可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，keybard为可数名词，前面没有冠词应用名词的复数形式。故填keybards。
37．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他觉得整洁的书写仍然是一项重要的技能，所以他不仅让学生手写，还让他们用老式的钢笔写字。空格处作谓语，本句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语handwriting为不可数名词，应用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填is。
38．考查介词。句意：他觉得整洁的书写仍然是一项重要的技能，所以他不仅让学生手写，还让他们用老式的钢笔写字。根据空格后的名词ld fashined funtain pens可知，空格处应填介词，表示“使用”应用介词with。故填with。
39．考查动词时态和语态。句意：钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了，最近又重新流行起来，因为它们可以重新填充。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语lng ag可知，应用一般过去时，主语Funtain pens和动词use之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
40．考查副词。句意：今天，一个作家只是把一支空笔扔掉，再买一支新的。空格处作状语，修饰动词thrws，应用副词形式。故填simply。
41．考查冠词。句意：今天，一个作家只是把一支空笔扔掉，再买一支新的。空格后的代词ne指代可数名词pen，此处表示泛指，且new是以辅音音标开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
42．考查名词。句意：他很高兴看到他的学生和他自己的书写都有了改善。根据空格前的冠词the可知，空格处应填名词作介词with的宾语，表示“改善”是imprvement，为不可数名词。故填imprvement。
43．考查连词。句意：他很高兴看到他的学生和他自己的书写都有了改善。空格前短语in his students’ writing和空格后的短语in his wn writing为并列关系，应用and表示这种关系。故填and。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：他知道电脑会一直存在，不会消失。根据空前的动词are可知，空格处应填不定式作表语，be t d为固定搭配，表示“必定会”，是对未来的一种推测。故填t stay。
45．考查代词。句意：然而，他认为，用钢笔练习可以帮助学生集中注意力，写得更快，他们可以为自己感到自豪。根据空格前的介词f可知，空格处应填代词作宾语，根据句意“他们自己”应用themselves。故填themselves。
第四部分 写作 (共两节， 满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
【答案】
Dear Peter,
I am s glad t hear frm yu. I’m writing t recmmend yu t g t Chinese Tea Culture Theme Park lcated in the suburban area f Beijing.
Walking alng the alley, yu can see lts f different “tea” characters written by famus schlars. The histry f tea grwing in China and the special ways f cking different tea, such as Lngjing tea, and Pu’er tea are als shwn n the cultural wall in the park. Besides, the park is full f unique tea huses, which allws visitrs t taste varius tea.
I sincerely invite yu t cme here and experience ur tea culture.
Yurs Sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国朋友Peter写一封邮件，为他推荐一家中国主题公园，内容包括：1.主题公园的名字和位置；2.你推荐的理由；3.表示欢迎。
【解析】1.词汇积累
位于：be lcated in →be situated in/lie in
出名的：famus →well-knwn
此外：besides →mrever/in additin
各种各样的：varius →varieties f//varied
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing t recmmend yu t g t Chinese Tea Culture Theme Park lcated in the suburban area f Beijing.
拓展句： Knwing yu’re interested in the natinal culture, I’m writing t recmmend yu t g t Chinese Tea Culture Theme Park lcated in the suburban area f Beijing.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Walking alng the alley, yu can see lts f different “tea” characters written by famus schlars. (运用了现在分词短语walking alng作状语)
[高分句型2] Besides, the park is full f unique tea huses, which allws visitrs t taste varius tea. (运用了关系代词which引导的非限定性定语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47．【答案】
Paragraph 1: As prmised, I went t visit the little girl the fllwing week. We spent the day tgether, playing games and having picnics in the park. Over time, we became clse friends. I wuld listen t her talk abut her dreams in life, and she wuld listen t me as I shared my experiences. As we grew lder, we went ur separate ways, but we never lst tuch. We wuld call and text each ther, send letters and make plans t visit each ther whenever we culd. Even thugh we were miles apart, we remained the best friends.
Paragraph 2: Years passed, and I received a wedding invitatin frm my childhd friend. She was getting married and wanted me t attend her wedding ceremny. I was verjyed and tuched. On her wedding day, as she walked dwn the aisle, wearing a white wedding dress, she lked abslutely beautiful as a fairy. I culdn’t help but feel grateful fr that ne day when I had met a sad little girl in the park. It was ur encunter that started a lng jurney f friendship and changed each ther’s lives.
【解析】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“按照约定，我在接下来的一周去看望了那个小女孩。” 可知，第一段可描写作者和小女孩的友谊逐渐深厚，成为最好的朋友。
②由第二段首句内容“多年过去了，我收到了儿时朋友的婚礼请柬。”可知，第二段可描写作者看到朋友结婚时的感受。
2. 续写线索：散步——看到小女孩——帮助找娃娃——介绍彼此——成为好朋友——友谊一直持续——看到朋友结婚——感悟。
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①失去联系：lst tuch/lst cntact/be ut f cntact
②参加：attend/be present at/shw up
③开始：start/begin/turn n
情绪类
①感动：tuched/mved
②感激的：grateful/appreciative
【点睛】[高分句型1]Even thugh we were miles apart, we remained the best friends.(Even thugh引导的让步状语从句)
[高分句型2]On her wedding day, as she walked dwn the aisle, wearing a white wedding dress, she lked abslutely beautiful as a fairy.(as引导的时间状语从句)
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力部分 略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Self-Prtrait Challenge
Have yu ever dne a self-prtrait in an art lessn at schl? Tday, we’re challenging yu t write self-prtrait pems. It’s nt uncmmn t feel like the way peple see yu n the utside desn’t quite match up with hw yu feel n the inside. S creating a self-prtrait can be a gd pprtunity t address thse differences and present the realest, truest versin f yurself.
Yur challenge is t create a self-prtrait in lines, using wrds instead f paint. Read n fr sme mre inspiratin.
Writing Tips
● Have a g at writing a list f metaphrs explring yur physical appearance, starting frm yur head and wrking yur way dwn twards yur feet.
● Instead f representing yurself directly, take n anther character, such as a fictinal character, a histrical figure, r even a different versin f yurself.
● Play arund with persnificatin, by taking n the vice f a physical bject in yur pem. Think abut what a self-prtrait frm the pint f view f a mirrr, r a bwl f yur favurite fd wuld lk like?
Hw t enter
This challenge is fr writers aged up t 25 based anywhere in the wrld. The deadline is 23:59 GMT, 17 March 2024. Yu can send a pem, r pems, written dwn, r as vide r audi files. We are using Submittable t accept submissins t this challenge. Yu will need t make a free Submittable accunt t submit in this way. Using Submittable helps ur team t administrate and prcess entries mre quickly. Selected pets will be published n Yung Pets Netwrk.
1．What des the Self-prtrait Challenge encurage participants t d?
A．Explre true selves.B．Cnvey psitive emtins.
C．Illustrate persnal prfiles.D．Cmpare different persnalities.
2．What is suggested t better handle the challenge?
A．Using simple language.B．Presenting yurself directly.
C．Taking a different pint f view.D．Fcusing n physical appearance.
3．What is “Submittable” likely t be?
A．A writing tl.B．A search engine.
C．An email accunt.D．An nline platfrm.
B
Sme peple say glbal English is n lnger just cntrlled by British r American English, but is running free and develping uniquely lcal frms. Can yu figure ut the fllwing terms?
“I like yur smile, but unlike yu put yur shes n my face.” This is a way f saying “Keep ff the grass.” Or “peple muntain, peple sea”, which means “very crwded”.
These examples are what we call Chinglish. When it cmes t Chinglish, if all yu knw is “gd gd study, day day up”, yu will be cnsidered “ut man”.
Nwadays, mre Chinglish wrds have been created, fr example, a Chinese idim is translated as “smilence”, a cmbinatin by the English wrd “smile” and “silence”.
Chinglish usually ffers a humrus lk at misuses f the English language in Chinese street signs, prducts, and advertising. They are favred by sme English-speaking turists and visitrs. Dminic Swire has been living in Beijing fr a cuple f years. “I think many Chinese peple cmplain abut the Chinglish and badly translated English. But yu knw, smetimes fr us freigners, it’s actually quite charming t see them. I think if the translatins f English in China were all perfect, then smething wuld be lst frm Chinese culture.”
Hwever, Chinglish will prbably becme a “cultural relic” in the near future. Beijing has made a cmprehensive plan t imprve freign language services and crrect Chinglish within five years. “It is very ridiculus t see Chinglish n the signs in sme scenic spts. And they are a kind f barrier fr cmmunicatin between Chinese and peple frm ther cuntries,” a Beijinger said.
Sme Chinese university experts side with Chinglish. They argue that English has absrbed elements frm ther languages such as French and Spanish in its grwth, and nw it’s Chinese’s turn.
4．Which f the fllwing statements explains what Chinglish is?
A．English wrds which get new Chinese meanings.
B．The Chinese wrds which are difficult t translate.
C．The wrds cmbining English vcabulary and Chinese grammar.
D．The lcal wrds preventing freigners frm learning Chinese well.
5．Wh will be called “ut man” accrding t the passage?
A．A persn wh knws little abut Chinglish wrd.
B．A student wh hates learning freign languages.
C．A turist wh fails t understand lcal translatins.
D．An expert wh desn’t supprt Chinglish at all.
6．Which statement abut Chinglish will Swire prbably agree with?
A．It can shw the humur f Chinese. B．It helps him t learn Chinese well.
C．It will attract mre freign turists. D． It seems part f Chinese culture.
7．Why Chinglish is likely t becme a “cultural relic” in Beijing?
A．Because it has becme a unique bridge between Chinese and English.
B．Because Chinglish is a chance t enrich Chinese and English.
C．Because it imprves the understanding between Chinese and freigners.
D．Because Beijing is determined t get rid f Chinglish signs.
C
A new study by researchers at the University f British Clumbia (UBC) and the University f Victria has shwn that cmmn levels f traffic pllutin can damage human brain functin in nly a matter f hurs.
“Fr many decades, scientists thught the brain may be prtected frm the harmful effects f air pllutin,” said senir study authr Dr. Chris Carlsten. “This study, which is the first f its kind in the wrld, prvides fresh evidence supprting a cnnectin between air pllutin and cgnitin.”
Fr the study, the researchers briefly expsed 25 healthy adults t diesel exhaust (柴油废气) and filtered air at different times in a labratry setting. Brain activity was measured befre and after each expsure using functinal magnetic resnance imaging (fMRI).
The researchers analyzed changes in the brain’s default mde netwrk (DMN) , a set f inter-cnnected brain regins that play an imprtant rle in memry and internal thught. The fMRI revealed that participants had decreased functinal cnnectivity in widespread regins f the DMN after expsure t diesel exhaust, cmpared t filtered air.
“We knw that altered functinal cnnectivity in the DMN has been assciated with reduced cgnitive perfrmance and symptms f depressin, s it’s cncerning t see traffic pllutin interrupting these same netwrks,” said Dr. Jdie Gawryluk, a psychlgy prfessr at the University f Victria and the study’s first authr. “While mre research is needed t fully understand the functinal impacts f these changes, it’s pssible that they may impair (损害) peple’s thinking r ability t wrk.”
Ntably, the changes in the brain were temprary and participants’ cnnectivity returned t nrmal after the expsure. Dr. Carlsten assumed that the effects culd be lng lasting where expsure is cntinuus. He said that peple shuld be mindful f the air they’re breathing and take apprpriate steps t minimize their expsure t ptentially harmful air pllutants like car exhaust.
8．Hw des traffic pllutin affect peple accrding t the study?
A．Exhausting their bdy.B．Decreasing their incme.
C．Endangering their safety.D．Harming their brain functin.
9．What may the DMN be respnsible fr?
A．Grwth.B．Sprt.C．Memry.D．Behaviur.
10．What can peple d t reduce the impact accrding t Dr. Carlsten?
A．Avid being expsed t the plluted air cnstantly.
B．Be mindful f the air quality in a new city.
C．Measure the brain activity in labratries.
D．Stay inside a huse as ften as pssible.
11．What is the best title fr the text?
A．A Rle Of Brain Will Be Ruined
B．Traffic Pllutin May Impair Brain Functin
C．A Famus UK University Did A Vital Study
D．A Surce Of Pllutin Has Drawn Peple’s Attentin
D
Mark Twain has been called the inventr f the American nvel. And he surely deserves additinal praise: the man wh ppularized the clever literary attack n racism.
I say clever because anti-slavery fictin had been the imprtant part f the literature in the years befre the Civil War. H. B．Stwe’s Uncle Tm’s Cabin is nly the mst famus example. These early stries dealt directly with slavery. With minr exceptins, Twain planted his attacks n slavery and prejudice int tales that were n the surface abut smething else entirely. He drew his readers int the argument by drawing them int the stry.
Again and again, in the pstwar years, Twain seemed frced t deal with the challenge f race. Cnsider the mst cntrversial, at least tday, f Twain’s nvels, Adventures f Huckleberry Finn. Only a few bks have been kicked ff the shelves as ften as Huckleberry Finn, Twain’s mst widely read tale. Once upn a time, peple hated the bk because it struck them as rude. Twain himself wrte that thse wh banned the bk cnsidered the nvel “trash and suitable nly fr the slums (贫民窟).” Mre recently the bk has been attacked because f the character Jim, the escaped slave, and many ccurrences f the wrd nigger. (The term Nigger Jim, fr which the nvel is ften severely criticized, never appears in it. )
But the attacks were and are silly — and miss the pint. The nvel is strngly anti-slavery. Jim’s search thrugh the slave states fr the family frm whm he has been frcibly parted is heric. As J. Chadwick has pinted ut, the character f Jim was a first in American fictin — a recgnitin that the slave had tw persnalities, “the vice f survival within a white slave culture and the vice f the individual: Jim, the father and the man.”
There is much mre. Twain’s mystery nvel Pudd’nhead Wilsn std as a challenge t the racial beliefs f even many f the liberals f his day. Written at a time when the accepted wisdm held Negres t be inferir (低等的) t whites, especially in intelligence, Twain’s tale centered in part arund tw babies switched at birth. A slave gave birth t her master’s baby and, fr fear that the child shuld be sld Suth, switched him fr the master’s baby by his wife. The slave’s light-skinned child was taken t be white and grew up with bth the attitudes and the educatin f the slave-hlding class. The master’s wife’s baby was taken fr black and grew up with the attitudes and intnatins f the slave.
The pint was difficult t miss: nurture (养育), nt nature, was the key t scial status. The features f the black man that prvided the stuff f prejudice — manner f speech, fr example — were, t Twain, indicative f nthing ther than the cnditining that slavery frced n its victims.
Twain’s racial tne was nt perfect. One is left uneasy, fr example, by the lengthy passage in his autbigraphy abut hw much he lved what were called “nigger shws” in his yuth — mstly with white men perfrming in black-face — and his delight in getting his mther t laugh at them. Yet there is n reasn t think Twain saw the shws as representing reality. His frequent attacks n slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did nt.
Was Twain a racist? Asking the questin in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same f Lincln. If we read the wrds and attitudes f the past thrugh the “wisdm” f the cnsidered mral judgments f the present, we will find nthing but errr. Lincln, wh believed the black man the inferir f the white, fught and wn a war t free him. And Twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a sldier, and inventr f Jim, may have dne mre t anger the natin ver racial injustice and awaken its cllective cnscience than any ther nvelist in the past century.
12．Hw d Twain’s nvels n slavery differ frm Stwe’s?
A．Twain was mre willing t deal with racism.
B．Twain was penly cncerned with racism.
C．Twain’s themes seemed t agree with the plts.
D．Twain’s attack n racism was much less pen.
13．What best prves Twain’s anti-slavery stand accrding t the authr?
A．Jim grew up int a man and a father in the white culture.
B．The slave’s vice was first heard in American nvels.
C．Twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.
D．Jim’s search fr his family was described in detail.
14．What des the underlined wrd “they” in Paragraph 7 refer t?
A．The attacks.B．The shws.C．White men.D．Slavery and prejudice.
15．What des the authr mainly argue fr?
A．Twain’s wrks had been banned n unreasnable grunds.
B．Twain’s wrks shuld be read frm a histrical pint f view.
C．Twain was an admirable figure cmparable t Abraham Lincln.
D．Twain had dne mre than his cntemprary writers t attack racism.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t build a habit in 4 steps
Having develped gd habits, little t n will pwer (意志) is required t chse wisely. Sunds great, right? The nly catch is that building gd habits takes effrt and insight. 16
17 The way yu define the gal yu hpe t turn int a habit des matter. Gals such as “meditate regularly” (定期冥想) are t abstract.Yu’ll benefit frm being mre specific abut what exactly yu aim t d and hw ften. Dn’t say “I’ll meditate regularly.” Say, “I’ll meditate fr 15 minutes each day.” Having a bite-size bjective makes it less daunting t get started and easier t see yur prgress.
Make it fun t repeat. Rresearch has shwn yu’ll persist lnger and ultimately achieve mre if yu fcus n finding ways t make gal pursuit fun. Because yu are far mre likely t stick with smething yu enjy. 18 .
Fster (培养) flexibility. A flexible habit means yu can still d what yu need t even when a wrench is thrwn in yur first best plans—say, a traffic jam n the way t drpping the kids ff at schl that gets in the way f yur mrning meditatin. 19 A cuple f emergency reserves each week give yu the flexibility t miss a day when a real emergency arises withut getting discuraged and abandning yur bjective entirely.
Find the right kind f scial supprt. 20 Want t start running regularly? Yu’re prbably better ff jining an established running club. Peple in the running club have already built the habits yu want. Yu can learn frm them abut what wrks and gain friends wh will make yu feel like a sluch when yu slack ff.
A．Set a specific gal.
B．Create a detailed, cue-based plan.
C．We’re strngly influenced by the behavirs f the peple arund us.
D．One way that’s prven useful is by giving yurself “emergency reserves”.
E．Making this kind f plan reduces the chances yu’ll frget t fllw thrugh.
F．And repetitin is key t habit frmatin, making the experience psitive is critical.
G．Here are a few steps that can set yu n the path t gd habits.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was halfway acrss Indiana headed hme t Kentucky when my car brke dwn. My phne was 21 , t. I managed t get t a gas statin, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was n 22 n duty. I was wrking my way thrugh university then and had little mney fr 23 the car.
I sat alngside my car fr several hurs trying t 24 the heat when an lder gentleman 25 t fuel his car. He asked abut my car, and I 26 my predicament (困境). T my 27 , the gentleman tld me that he had a daughter my age, and then he pened his trunk and 28 a tl set.
Right then and there, this ttal 29 examined my engine, explaining as he wrked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been charged fr s lng that they were 30 t functin. After abut an hur, he 31 that my car was safe t finish the trip.
32 came at the hands f a stranger. 33 his clthes, wrking n a ht September afternn, this man 34 a cllege student frm disaster, just because she culd have been his 35 .
21．A．busyB．ludC．deadD．secure
22．A．mechanicB．plicemanC．managerD．guide
23．A．washingB．parkingC．purchasingD．maintaining
24．A．feelB．beatC．absrbD．prduce
25．A．prmisedB．refusedC．stppedD．vlunteered
26．A．slvedB．nticedC．escapedD．explained
27．A．surpriseB．regretC．amusementD．disappintment
28．A．called upB．pulled utC．put dwnD．threw away
29．A．liarB．beginnerC．strangerD．lser
30．A．freeB．readyC．uncertainD．unable
31．A．prnuncedB．agreedC．discveredD．dubted
32．A．TirednessB．KindnessC．LnelinessD．Carefulness
33．A．FldingB．DryingC．SilingD．Mending
34．A．savedB．calledC．judgedD．banned
35．A．friendB．daughterC．cwrkerD．custmer
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whenever yu have t write a paper, a letter, r any ther dcument fr wrk r schl, yu prbably head tward the cmputer. Nw, mst peple reach fr 36 (keybard) faster than they pick up pens. In a Scttish primary schl, hwever, Mr. Nrman Lewis is taking a different apprach. He feels that neat handwriting 37 (be) still an imprtant skill, s he has his students write nt nly by hand but als 38 ld fashined funtain pens.
Funtain pens 39 (use) in schls lng ag and have been regaining ppularity lately because they are refillable. Tday, a writer 40 (simple) thrws an empty pen away and gets 41 new ne.
S far, Mr. Lewis is pleased with the results f his experiment. He reprts that his students are taking mre care with their wrk, and their self-cnfidence has imprved as well. He is happy with the 42 (imprve) he sees in his students’ writing 43 in his wn writing. He knws that cmputers are here 44 (stay) and that they will nt disappear. Hwever, he believes that the practice with funtain pens helps students t fcus, t write faster, and they can feel prud f 45 (they).
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46．假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter暑假要来中国旅游，他希望你推荐一家中国主题公园，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.主题公园的名字和位置;
2.你推荐的理由;
3.表示欢迎。
注意：1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a beautiful day utside. The sky was a pale blue and the cluds were big and fluffy which made me delighted. I decided t take a walk in the park and enjy the lvely weather. As I was walking, I saw a little girl sitting n a bench, lking sad and lnely. I apprached her and asked if she was kay. She lked up at me with big, rund eyes filled with tears and shk her head.
I sat dwn next t her and asked her what was wrng. She said that she had lst her dll and culdn’t find it anywhere. I ffered t help her lk fr it and we searched the park tgether. We lked in every nk and cranny, behind trees and bushes, but culdn’t find the dll. We all felt frustrated and depressed. Just when we were abut t give up, I saw a glimmer f pink behind a park bench. I picked up the dll and handed it t the little girl.
She was s grateful and gave me a big, warm hug. She tld me that her dll was very special t her because the gift was given by her best friend wh had gne abrad and she missed the best friend very much. She culdn’t thank me enugh fr helping her find it. As we walked back t her huse, the little girl tld me that she was new t the area and didn’t have any friends yet. She always felt lnely and sad and didn’t want t g t schl. I cmfrted her and prmised t cme back and visit her again, and we exchanged phne numbers.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150 左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: As prmised, I went t visit the little girl the fllwing week.
Paragraph 2: Years passed, and I received a wedding invitatin frm my childhd friend.
参考答案
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．D
【解析】
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“S creating a self-prtrait can be a gd pprtunity t address thse differences and present the realest, truest versin f yurself.(因此，创作一幅自画像是一个很好的机会，可以解决这些差异，展示最真实、最真实的自己)”可知，自画像挑战鼓励参与者探索真实的自我。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Writing Tips部分中“Think abut what a self-prtrait frm the pint f view f a mirrr, r a bwl f yur favurite fd wuld lk like?(想象一下，从镜子的角度看一幅自画像，或者从一碗你最喜欢的食物的角度看是什么样子？)”可知，要更好地应对这一挑战应该采取不同的角度。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“We are using Submittable t accept submissins t this challenge. Yu will need t make a free Submittable accunt t submit in this way. Using Submittable helps ur team t administrate and prcess entries mre quickly. (我们正在使用Submittable来接受本次挑战的提交。您需要创建一个免费的Submittable账户以这种方式提交。使用Submittable可以帮助我们的团队更快地管理和处理条目)”可推知，Submittable可能是在线平台。故选D。
Ｂ
【答案】
4．C 5．A 6．D 7．D
【解析】
4．推理判断题。根据第二段内容““I like yur smile, but unlike yu put yur shes n my face.” This is a way f saying “Keep ff the grass.” Or “peple muntain, peple sea”, which means “very crwded”. (“我喜欢你的笑容，但不喜欢你踩在我脸上”这是在表达“不要践踏草坪”或者“人山人海”意思是很拥挤)”和第四段“Nwadays, mre Chinglish wrds have been created, fr example, a Chinese idim is translated as“smilence”, a cmbinatin by the English wrd smile and silence.(现在，更多的中式英语词汇被创造出来，例如，一个汉语成语被翻译成“smilence”，由英语单词微笑和沉默组合而成)可知，文中举的中式英语的例子都是把英语词汇按照汉语语法表达出来，与C选项“英语词汇和汉语语法相结合的词汇。”描述相符。故选C项。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段的“When it cmes t Chinglish, if all yu knw is “gd gd study, day day up”, yu will be cnsidered “ut man”.( 说到中式英语，如果你只知道“gd gd study, day day up”，你就会被认为是“ut man”)”可推断，如果关于中式英语，你只是知道“gd gd study, day day up”，你被认为是“ut man”，因此推断一个对中式英语知之甚少的人将被称为“ut man”。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第五段中Swire说话的内容“I think many Chinese peple cmplain abut the Chinglish and badly translated English. But yu knw, smetimes fr us freigners, it’s actually quite charming t see them. I think if the translatins f English in China were all perfect, then smething wuld be lst frm Chinese culture. (我想很多中国人抱怨中式英语和翻译不好的英语。但是你知道，有时候对我们外国人来说，看到它们真的很迷人。我认为如果中国的英语翻译都是完美的，那么中国文化就会失去一些东西)”可知，他认为中式英语是中国文化的一部分。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Beijing has made a cmprehensive plan t imprve freign language services and crrect Chinglish within five years. “It is very ridiculus t see Chinglish n the signs in sme scenic spts. And they are a kind f barrier fr cmmunicatin between Chinese and peple frm ther cuntries,” a Beijinger said. (北京已经制定了一项全面计划，在五年内提高外语服务和纠正中式英语。一个北京人说道：“在一些景点看到中式英语的标语是很可笑的。并且它们也是中国人与其他外国人交流的障碍。”)”可推知，中式英语会成为文化遗迹是因为在政府的政策下会逐渐消除中式英语，尤其是那些标语。故选D项。
Ｃ
【答案】
8．D 9．C 10．A 11．B
【解析】
8．细节理解题。由文章第一段“A new study by researchers at the University f British Clumbia (UBC) and the University f Victria has shwn that cmmn levels f traffic pllutin can damage human brain functin in nly a matter f hurs. (英属哥伦比亚大学(UBC)和维多利亚大学的研究人员进行的一项新研究表明，普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。)”可知，交通污染会损害人们的大脑功能。故选D。
9．细节理解题。由文章第四段“The researchers analyzed changes in the brain’s default mde netwrk (DMN) , a set f inter-cnnected brain regins that play an imprtant rle in memry and internal thught. The fMRI revealed that participants had decreased functinal cnnectivity in widespread regins f the DMN after expsure t diesel exhaust, cmpared t filtered air. (研究人员分析了大脑默认模式网络(DMN)的变化，这是一组相互连接的大脑区域，在记忆和内部思维中起着重要作用。功能磁共振成像显示，与过滤空气相比，接触柴油废气后，参与者DMN广泛区域的功能连通性下降。)”可知，DMN可能负责记忆。故选C。
10．细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“Dr. Carlsten assumed that the effects culd be lng lasting where expsure is cntinuus. He said that peple shuld be mindful f the air they’re breathing and take apprpriate steps t minimize their expsure t ptentially harmful air pllutants like car exhaust. ( Carlsten博士认为，如果持续接触，这种影响可能会持续很长时间。他说，人们应该注意自己呼吸的空气，并采取适当措施，尽量减少接触汽车尾气等潜在有害空气污染物。)”可知， Carlsten博士认为，人们可以避免经常暴露在被污染的空气中来减少影响。故选A。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“A new study by researchers at the University f British Clumbia (UBC) and the University f Victria has shwn that cmmn levels f traffic pllutin can damage human brain functin in nly a matter f hurs. (英属哥伦比亚大学(UBC)和维多利亚大学的研究人员进行的一项新研究表明，普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项新研究，该研究表明普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。故选B。
Ｄ
【答案】
12．D 13．A 14．B 15．D
【解析】
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“H. B. Stwe’s Uncle Tm’s Cabin is nly the mst famus example. These early stries dealt directly with slavery. With minr exceptins, Twain planted his attacks n slavery and prejudice int tales that were n the surface abut smething else entirely. He drew his readers int the argument by drawing them int the stry.(H. B.斯托的《汤姆叔叔的小屋》只是最著名的例子。这些早期故事直接与奴隶制有关。除了一些小的例外，吐温把他对奴隶制和偏见的攻击植入了一些表面上完全不同的故事中。他通过把读者引入故事来吸引他们加入辩论)”可知，吐温关于奴隶制的小说与斯托的不同之处在于吐温对种族主义的攻击就没那么公开。故选D。
13．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The nvel is strngly anti-slavery. Jim’s search thrugh the slave states fr the family frm whm he has been frcibly parted is heric. As J. Chadwick has pinted ut, the character f Jim was a first in American fictin — a recgnitin that the slave had tw persnalities, ‘the vice f survival within a white slave culture and the vice f the individual: Jim, the father and the man.’(这部小说强烈反对奴隶制。吉姆在蓄奴州寻找他被迫与之分离的家庭是英勇的。正如J.查德威克所指出的，吉姆这个角色是美国小说中的第一个角色——承认奴隶有两种性格，‘在白人奴隶文化中生存的声音和个人的声音：吉姆，父亲和男人。’)”可推出，吉姆在白人文化中成长为一个男人和一个父亲，作者认为这最好地证明了吐温反对奴隶制的立场。故选A。
14．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“Yet there is n reasn t think Twain saw the shws as representing reality. His frequent attacks n slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did nt.(然而，我们没有理由认为吐温认为这些表演代表了现实。他对奴隶制和偏见的频繁抨击表明，他敏锐地意识到它们并非如此)”可知，划线词they是指代上文中的表演。故选B。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Mark Twain has been called the inventr f the American nvel. And he surely deserves additinal praise: the man wh ppularized the clever literary attack n racism.(马克·吐温被称为美国小说的发明者。他当然应该得到额外的赞扬：他让对种族主义的巧妙的文学攻击得以普及)”和最后一段中“And Twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a sldier, and inventr f Jim, may have dne mre t anger the natin ver racial injustice and awaken its cllective cnscience than any ther nvelist in the past century.(吐温在一个蓄奴州长大，曾短暂当兵，还是吉姆的创作者，他可能比上个世纪的任何小说家都更能激起美国人对种族不平等的愤怒，更能唤醒美国人的集体良知)”可知，作者主要论证了在抨击种族主义方面，吐温比同时代的作家做得更多。故选D。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
【答案】
16．G 17．A 18．F 19．D 20．C
【解析】
16．上文“The nly catch is that building gd habits takes effrt and insight.”指出养成良好的习惯需要付出努力和洞察力。下面每段介绍了一个养成好习惯的方法，由此可知，空处应该是引起下文，指出有一些方法能帮助你养成好习惯，G项“以下几个步骤可以帮助您养成良好的习惯。”符合，故选G项。
17． 此处是本段小标题，下文“The way yu define the gal yu hpe t turn int a habit des matter. (你如何定义你希望变成习惯的目标是很重要的)”可知，设定目标很重要，由此推断出，本段主要介绍了和设定目标相关的内容，A项“设定特殊的目标”作为本段的小标题，结合其他小标题，用祈使句，符合题意。故选A。
18． 根据本段小标题“Make it fun t repeat.(让重复变得有趣)”及上文“Because yu are far mre likely t stick with smething yu enjy.(因为你更有可能坚持你喜欢的东西)”可知，本段主要讲的是让重复变得有趣是因为人只有找到你喜欢的东西才能坚持下去，F项“重复是养成习惯的关键，让体验变得积极至关重要”和上文构成内容上的承接关系。故选F项。
19．上文“A flexible habit means yu can still d what yu need t even when a wrench is thrwn in yur first best plans—say, a traffic jam n the way t drpping the kids ff at schl that gets in the way f yur mrning meditatin.”可知，灵活的习惯意味着你可以在遇到麻烦以后仍然可以做你需要做的事情。D项“一种被证明有用的方法是给自己 ‘应急储备’。”和上文构成内容上的承接，指出了应急储备可以帮助解决以上问题。故选D项。
20．根据小标题“Find the right kind f scial supprt. (寻找合适的社会支持。)”和下文“Yu can learn frm them abut what wrks and gain friends wh will make yu feel like a sluch when yu slack ff.(你可以向他们学习什么是有效的，并获得朋友，当你松懈时，他们会让你觉得自己懒散)”可知，这个事例说明了寻找社会支持和我们深受周围人行为的影响，是对C项“我们深受周围人行为的影响”这一观点的举例说明。故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
【答案】
21．C 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．D 31．A 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．B
【解析】21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的手机也没电了。A. busy忙的；B. lud大声的；C. dead（因无电力）不工作的；D. secure可靠的。根据上文“I was halfway acrss Indiana headed hme t Kentucky when my car brke dwn.”以及句中的t可知，作者的车坏了，手机也因为没电而关机了。故选C。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我设法去了一个加油站，但那是初秋的周日，没有机修工值班。A. mechanic机修工；B. pliceman警察；C. manager经理；D. guide指导。根据上文“but it was Sunday in the early fall”可知，作者的车坏了，所以她应该去找修车的。但是因为是周日，所以加油站的机修工都没上班。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我正努力读完大学，几乎没有钱保养这辆车。A. washing清洗；B. parking停车；C. purchasing购买；D. maintaining保养。根据空前“I was wrking my way thrugh university then and had little mney”可知，作者当时正在在读大学，没有什么钱，所以几乎是不保养车的。故选D。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。A. feel感觉；B. beat击败；C. absrb吸收；D. prduce生产。根据下文“wrking n a ht September afternn”可知，事情发生在一个炎热的夏天，作者坐在车边试图保持凉爽。beat the heat“消暑，在炎热的天气中保持凉爽”。故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。A. prmised答应了；B. refused拒绝；C. stpped停止；D. vlunteered自愿的。根据上文“I managed t get t a gas statin”可知，作者是在加油站，所以有一辆车停下来加油。故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他问起我的车，我解释了我的困境。A. slved解决；B. nticed注意到；C. escaped逃脱。D. explained解释。根据上文“He asked abut my car”可知，这位绅士询问作者的车出了什么问题，然后作者向他解释了他的困境。故选D。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. surprise惊喜；B. regret遗憾；C. amusement可笑；D. disappintment失望。根据下文“the gentleman tld me that he had a daughter my age, and then he pened his trunk and a tl set”可知，这位年长的绅士听到作者的困难后，告诉作者他也有一个女儿，而且从车里拿出一套工具。这让作为陌生人的作者感到非常的惊讶。故选A。
28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. called up打电话给；B. pulled ut取出；C. put dwn放下；D. threw away扔掉了。根据空后“a tl set”以及下文“Right then and there, this ttal examined my engine, explaining as he wrked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed fr s lng that they were t functin.”可知，这位绅士从他的车里拿出一套工具，帮作者修起了车。故选B。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. liar骗子；B. beginner初学者；C. stranger陌生人；D. lser失败者。根据上文“I sat alngside my car fr several hurs trying t the heat when an lder gentleman t fuel his car”以及全文语境可知，这个绅士对于作者来说完全是个陌生人。故选C。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. free免费的；B. ready准备好的；C. uncertain不确定；D. unable不能的。根据上文“as he wrked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed fr s lng ”可知，由于车辆的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，所以导致它不能正常工作。故选D。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一个小时后，他宣布我的车可以安全地完成旅程。A. prnunced宣布；B. agreed同意；C. discvered发现；D. dubted怀疑。根据空后“that my car was safe t finish the trip”可知，经过一个小时的修理后，那个绅士宣布说车可以安全地完成旅程。故选A。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：善良来自一个陌生人。A. Tiredness疲劳；B. Kindness善良；C. Lneliness孤独；D. Carefulness细心。根据全文语境可知，一位陌生人帮助了他，所以此处指善意来自一个陌生人。故选B。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. Flding折叠；B. Drying干燥；C. Siling弄脏。D. Mending修补。根据上文“After abut an hur, he that my car was safe t finish the trip”可知，那位绅士给作者修了一个小时的车。此处指修车时弄脏了自己的衣服。故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. saved救了；B. called打电话；C. judged判断；D. banned禁止。根据上文“Right then and there, this ttal examined my engine, explaining as he wrked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed fr s lng that they were t functin.”可知，这个陌生人给作者修了车，所以作者觉得他就像是从灾难中是救了她。故选A。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能是他的女儿同龄。A. friend朋友。B. daughter女儿；C. cwrker同事；D. custmer顾客。根据上文“the gentleman tld me that he had a daughter my age”可知，作者觉那位绅士帮助作者是因为他有一个和她同龄的女儿。此处指作者就像那位男士的女儿。故选B。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
【答案】
36．keybards 37．is 38．with 39．were used 40．simply 41．a 42．imprvement 43．and 44．t stay 45．themselves
【解析】
36．考查名词的数。句意：现在，大多数人拿起键盘的速度比拿起笔的速度还快。根据空格前的介词fr可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，keybard为可数名词，前面没有冠词应用名词的复数形式。故填keybards。
37．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他觉得整洁的书写仍然是一项重要的技能，所以他不仅让学生手写，还让他们用老式的钢笔写字。空格处作谓语，本句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语handwriting为不可数名词，应用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填is。
38．考查介词。句意：他觉得整洁的书写仍然是一项重要的技能，所以他不仅让学生手写，还让他们用老式的钢笔写字。根据空格后的名词ld fashined funtain pens可知，空格处应填介词，表示“使用”应用介词with。故填with。
39．考查动词时态和语态。句意：钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了，最近又重新流行起来，因为它们可以重新填充。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语lng ag可知，应用一般过去时，主语Funtain pens和动词use之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
40．考查副词。句意：今天，一个作家只是把一支空笔扔掉，再买一支新的。空格处作状语，修饰动词thrws，应用副词形式。故填simply。
41．考查冠词。句意：今天，一个作家只是把一支空笔扔掉，再买一支新的。空格后的代词ne指代可数名词pen，此处表示泛指，且new是以辅音音标开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
42．考查名词。句意：他很高兴看到他的学生和他自己的书写都有了改善。根据空格前的冠词the可知，空格处应填名词作介词with的宾语，表示“改善”是imprvement，为不可数名词。故填imprvement。
43．考查连词。句意：他很高兴看到他的学生和他自己的书写都有了改善。空格前短语in his students’ writing和空格后的短语in his wn writing为并列关系，应用and表示这种关系。故填and。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：他知道电脑会一直存在，不会消失。根据空前的动词are可知，空格处应填不定式作表语，be t d为固定搭配，表示“必定会”，是对未来的一种推测。故填t stay。
45．考查代词。句意：然而，他认为，用钢笔练习可以帮助学生集中注意力，写得更快，他们可以为自己感到自豪。根据空格前的介词f可知，空格处应填代词作宾语，根据句意“他们自己”应用themselves。故填themselves。
第四部分 写作 (共两节， 满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
【答案】
Dear Peter,
I am s glad t hear frm yu. I’m writing t recmmend yu t g t Chinese Tea Culture Theme Park lcated in the suburban area f Beijing.
Walking alng the alley, yu can see lts f different “tea” characters written by famus schlars. The histry f tea grwing in China and the special ways f cking different tea, such as Lngjing tea, and Pu’er tea are als shwn n the cultural wall in the park. Besides, the park is full f unique tea huses, which allws visitrs t taste varius tea.
I sincerely invite yu t cme here and experience ur tea culture.
Yurs Sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国朋友Peter写一封邮件，为他推荐一家中国主题公园，内容包括：1.主题公园的名字和位置；2.你推荐的理由；3.表示欢迎。
【解析】1.词汇积累
位于：be lcated in →be situated in/lie in
出名的：famus →well-knwn
此外：besides →mrever/in additin
各种各样的：varius →varieties f//varied
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing t recmmend yu t g t Chinese Tea Culture Theme Park lcated in the suburban area f Beijing.
拓展句： Knwing yu’re interested in the natinal culture, I’m writing t recmmend yu t g t Chinese Tea Culture Theme Park lcated in the suburban area f Beijing.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Walking alng the alley, yu can see lts f different “tea” characters written by famus schlars. (运用了现在分词短语walking alng作状语)
[高分句型2] Besides, the park is full f unique tea huses, which allws visitrs t taste varius tea. (运用了关系代词which引导的非限定性定语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47．【答案】
Paragraph 1: As prmised, I went t visit the little girl the fllwing week. We spent the day tgether, playing games and having picnics in the park. Over time, we became clse friends. I wuld listen t her talk abut her dreams in life, and she wuld listen t me as I shared my experiences. As we grew lder, we went ur separate ways, but we never lst tuch. We wuld call and text each ther, send letters and make plans t visit each ther whenever we culd. Even thugh we were miles apart, we remained the best friends.
Paragraph 2: Years passed, and I received a wedding invitatin frm my childhd friend. She was getting married and wanted me t attend her wedding ceremny. I was verjyed and tuched. On her wedding day, as she walked dwn the aisle, wearing a white wedding dress, she lked abslutely beautiful as a fairy. I culdn’t help but feel grateful fr that ne day when I had met a sad little girl in the park. It was ur encunter that started a lng jurney f friendship and changed each ther’s lives.
【解析】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“按照约定，我在接下来的一周去看望了那个小女孩。” 可知，第一段可描写作者和小女孩的友谊逐渐深厚，成为最好的朋友。
②由第二段首句内容“多年过去了，我收到了儿时朋友的婚礼请柬。”可知，第二段可描写作者看到朋友结婚时的感受。
2. 续写线索：散步——看到小女孩——帮助找娃娃——介绍彼此——成为好朋友——友谊一直持续——看到朋友结婚——感悟。
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①失去联系：lst tuch/lst cntact/be ut f cntact
②参加：attend/be present at/shw up
③开始：start/begin/turn n
情绪类
①感动：tuched/mved
②感激的：grateful/appreciative
【点睛】[高分句型1]Even thugh we were miles apart, we remained the best friends.(Even thugh引导的让步状语从句)
[高分句型2]On her wedding day, as she walked dwn the aisle, wearing a white wedding dress, she lked abslutely beautiful as a fairy.(as引导的时间状语从句)
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