黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市普高联谊校2024届高三上学期12月期末考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市普高联谊校2024届高三上学期12月期末考试英语试卷(含答案)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Experiencing culture
CHI’s Academic Year Prgram (AYP) is yur chance t study in America and spend either an academic year r a semester living with a vlunteer hst family.
The requirements fr studying in America
* High schl students wh are aged 15 t 18
* A scre f at least 212 n the ELTiS (English Language Test fr Internatinal Students) exam
Applicatin
Cntact a partner agency in yur cuntry r a nearby ne. We can als send yu a list f partners near yu. They will set yu up with an applicatin and let yu knw what yu need t submit in rder t be cnsidered.
Admissin and visa
Our Admissin Department reviews and accepts yur applicatin. We issue and send yur agency the Frm DS-2019, which is the fficial US Department f State dcument that allws yu t apply fr and receive yur J-1 visa. Once yu receive the DS-2019, yu can make yur visa appintment. When the visa is granted (授予), yu are set t travel t America.
Hmestay
Meanwhile, ur Field and Operatins staff wrk hard t find yu the perfect family and schl as sn as pssible! Once they find the right hst family fr yu, yu can start t get t knw yur hst family by email.
Depart t the US and meet yur family and friends
Yur agency will bk yur flight accrding t yur schl start date. When yu arrive, we will give yu a student rientatin (迎新会) and intrduce yu t ther exchange students and the surrunding cmmunity. When schl starts, yu will begin the prcess f cultural exchange.
Cntact us: 1-800-432-4643; 1-415-459-5397
Lcatin: 255 W End Avenue San Rafael, CA 94901
1．Wh can take part in this hmestay prject?
A. 15-year-ld high schl students with 210 n the ELTiS exam.
B. 17-year-ld high schl students with 213 n the ELTiS exam.
C. 20-year-ld cllege students with 220 n the ELTiS exam.
D. 18-year-ld cllege student with 218 n the ELTiS exam.
2．What shuld applicants d befre making a visa appintment?
A. Gain apprval frm their schl’s Admissin Department.
B. Get a letter f intrductin frm their teacher.
C. Cntact the hst family via email.
D. Fill and send the Frm DS-2019.
3．What awaits the students when they arrive in the US?
A. A student rientatin.
B. A party with their hst family.
C. A vlunteer activity in the cmmunity.
D. A meeting with the Field and Operatins staff.
In 2018, the twn f Carefree, in the. USA was seeking a pumpkin carver t help their newly-planned Enchanted Pumpkin Garden Festival becme an instant success. Luckily fr them, the sculptr Ray Villafane fell in lve with the fur-acre Carefree Desert Gardens and agreed t carve pumpkins fr the turists. Then, the festival became a hit in 2018. Nw the annual event, which began t take place frm Octber 19 t Octber 28, in 2011, includes many fun activities fr bth kids and adults. Hwever, it is the pumpkin carvings that remain the star attractin.
This year, Villafane and his team reached the garden in early Octber t carve the ppular “pickled (腌制的) pumpkins”. Placed inside tanks resembling sme kinds f plants t fit in with the envirnment, the 3D pumpkin artwrks were put in a special liquid that helped preserve them fr a lnger perid f time.
Thrughut the festival, Villafane and his team als held several live demnstratins (演示), adding t the impressive carved pumpkins n exhibitin. They als vlunteered t give many pumpkin-carving fans valuable tips.
Besides the wnderful carvings, guests had the chance t g int a pumpkin wrld, cmplete with tales. The tales featured pumpkin dead bdies running thrugh the grass, and a grup f helpless pumpkins attempting t free their peers imprisned (关押) by a scary-lking figure with nly bnes. Then, there were the hard-wrking rats wh were sewing a pumpkin.
The highlight f the festival came n Octber 27, when Villafane transfrmed a huge pumpkin int a dinsaur. The festival als featured activities including pie-eating matches, stry-telling, face painting, and pumpkin-carving matches.
Villafane’s skill first came t light in 1996 after he sculpted a pumpkin fr his students during Hallween. In 2007, while still teaching, he decided t use his skills t create actin figures fr Marvel Cmics. Over the next tw years, the artist created numerus ppular characters. In 2009, Villafane accepted a full-time psitin abut carving tys at DC Cmics. In 2013, he finally decided t g after his true lve—pumpkin carving. Since he first began carving, the expert has sculpted 2,576 pieces f utstanding wrks in 102 cities arund the wrld.
The expert using basic carving tls fr his mst cmplex creatins stands ut in the festival.
4．Hw did the festival held in Carefree becme very ppular and successful in 2018?
A. Thanks t the fantastic sngs and dances.
B. Owing t the pumpkins carved by Villafane.
C. Due t the fur-acre Carefree Desert Gardens.
D. On accunt f quite a few celebrities attending it.
5．What is the right descriptin f the tales?
A. Sme large muses eating a pumpkin.
B. Pumpkin dead bdies running thrugh the frest.
C. Pumpkins trying t fight against a figure with nly bnes.
D. A pumpkin dinsaur attempting t free helpless pumpkins.
6．When did Villafane start fcusing n carving bjects that children wuld like t play with?
A. In1996.B. In 2007.C. In 2009.D. In 2013.
7．In which clumn f a website can yu mst prbably find the text?
A. Sprts.B. Innvatin.C. Plitics.D. Culture.
Mst parents will remember their little nes grasping their leg r being unwilling t speak t smene new. But when des this stp being a natural part f a child’s grwing up and becme smething t wrry abut?
Here, Heidi Gazelle, a senir lecturer in develpmental psychlgy frm the University f Melburne, explains hw shyness is f mre cncern if it is persistent (持续的) rather than temprary.
Shyness with ther children is f mre cncern than shyness with adults. It is cmmn fr children t be n the alert fr adults, particularly men, but less cmmn fr children arund their wn age.
Children wh engage in very little scial interactin in cmparisn t children f their age are missing ut n these imprtant cumulative (积累的) learning experiences. As a result, their scial cgnitin (认知), scial skills and sense f self may be less mature than thse f ther children arund their age.
Being excluded and bullied is damaging children’s emtinal health and sense f self, especially when these cnditins persist ver time. Children need help frm adults t stp exclusin and being bullied by ther children. When parents becme aware that their child is being excluded r bullied by ther children at a childcare center r a schl, they shuld cntact the childcare center r. schl n their child’s behalf.
Shyness is f cncern if it interferes with yur child’s r family’s rutines r activities, r if yur child ften appears miserable r cmplains f being lnely. Fr instance, if shyness prevents yur child frm attending ther children’s birthday parties r schl, r prevents yur family frm visiting friends, then yu shuld cnsider seeking help frm a child psychlgist.
If a child is upset abut a prblem with a friend, parents can encurage the child t try t reslve the prblem in a way that preserves the friendship, instead f ending the friendship, as well as encurage the child t develp ther friendships.
8．What view des Heidi Gazelle hld with regards t shy children?
A. Persistent shyness is mre wrrying than temprary shyness.
B. Children’s shyness basically results frm a disharmnius family.
C. They tend t have less shyness when meeting with unknwn peple.
D. It is mre cmmn fr them t be alert when being with ther children than adults.
9．In which aspects will shy children be less mature than ther children f their age?
①Scial skills. ②Sense f self. ③Overall intelligence. ④Pwer f bservatin. ⑤Scial cgnitin.
A. ①③⑤B. ②④⑤C. ②③④D. ①②⑤
10．Hw shuld parents respnd when their child is excluded r bullied?
A. Cnsider transferring their child t anther schl r childcare center.
B. Get in tuch with the childcare center r schl.
C. Warn the children wh bully their child.
D. Try t find his r her wn faults.
11．When d parents need t care abut their child’s shyness?
A. Their child ften cmplains abut being lnely.
B. Their child is always ready t visit their relatives.
C. Their child wants t change the family’s riginal plan.
D. Their child is willing t attend ther children’s birthday parties.
TOKYO—Japan marked the 78th anniversary f the atmic bmbing in its western city f Hirshima (广岛) n August 6th amid grwing calls fr Tky t reflect n crimes the Japanese army cmmitted during Wrld War Ⅱ. At a memrial ceremny held at the Peace Memrial Park, Hirshima Mayr Kazumi Matsui delivered the Peace Declaratin, urging wrld leaders t stp believing in the thery that nuclear weapns can prevent war.
“They must immediately take cncrete steps t lead us frm the dangerus present tward ur ideal wrld,” said Matsui, wh als urged plicymakers t “mve tward a security system based n trust thrugh dialgue in pursuit f civil sciety ideals”. “Mistrust and divisin are n the rise”, warned United Natins Secretary-General Antni Guterres in his message read ut at the ceremny.
A mment f silence was bserved at 8:15 am lcal time, the exact mment when an atmic bmb drpped frm a US bmber and explded ver the city n Aug. 6, 1945, killing arund 140,000 peple by the end f that year.
At the event which abut 50,000 peple attended, Matsui placed in a mnument a list f the names f 339,227 victims, including 5,320 deaths cnfirmed last year. “Japan must immediately sign the Treaty (条约) n the Prhibitin f Nuclear Weapns,” Matsui nted in the Peace Declaratin, further urging the gvernment t heed the wishes f survivrs frm the bmbing and the peace-lving Japanese peple.
The number f survivrs f the tw atmic bmbings including Nagasaki with an average age f ver 85, has drpped by 5,346 frm a year earlier t 113,649 as f March, accrding t the Ministry f Health, Labr and Welfare.
Japanese Prime Minister Fumi Kishida spke at the ceremny, saying an atmic bmb made mre than 100,000 lse their lives withut mentining whether Japan wuld sign the treaty, let alne (更不用说) the histrical backgrund f the atmic bmbing f Hirshima.
The prime minister was criticized fr hsting the Grup f Seven leaders’ summit in Hirshima in May.
While Japan inwardly lks at the tragedies it experienced at the end f WWII, histrians and plitical minds f the internatinal cmmunity have encuraged Japan t cme t see itself nt nly as a victim f the atmic bmbings but als as the criminal (罪犯) wh was invlved in these tragic incidents in the first place.
12．Why was the mment f silence was bserved at 8:15 am lcal time?
A. It was the time when the atmic bmbing happened in Hirshima.
B. It was the time when the atmic bmbing happened in Nagasaki.
C. It was the time when the US bmber reached Japan.
D. It was the time when the US bmber tk ff.
13．What is the pssible meaning f the underlined wrd “heed” in paragraph 4?
A. Make fun f.B. Put up with.C. Take delight in.D. Pay attentin t.
14．What did Japanese Prime Minister mentin in his speech?
A. Japan’s signing the treaty.
B. The result f the atmic bmbing.
C. America shuld make up fr the lss.
D. The backgrund f the atmic bmbing.
15．What can be the best title fr the news reprt?
A. Number f survivrs f tw atmic bmbings drps in Japan
B. Japan-a victim f atmic bmbings that kill s many peple
C. Japan marks 78th anniversary f atmic bmbing f Hirshima
D. Hirshima Mayr expresses nuclear weapns can’t prevent war
二、七选五
16．Hw t Help Kids Save Our Oceans and Be Envirnmental Heres
The wrld’s ceans benefit us in many different ways. ①_________ We need clean and healthy ceans t prtect ur wn health and t supprt future generatins. Here are sme simple ways t encurage children t prtect ur ceans.
●D a lcal clean-up
Beach, lake r river clean-ups are a great way t get children invlved in keeping ur envirnment free frm rubbish. Even a lcal park will benefit frm a clean-up. Less trash in the envirnment in general is less trash that culd get washed away in ur bdies f water. Gather the family t pick up rubbish tgether. ②_________.
●Reuse dispsed (废弃的) items
A great way t get kids invlved in recycling is t encurage them t find ther uses fr ld items. Instead f thrwing smething away, help them turn it int art!
③_________ The children tk a trip t the lcal beach and were encuraged t pick up different types f rubbish that culd be turned int artwrk. “Trash isn’t just trash, because yu can create lads f things with it. It ends up nt being trash anymre, but a beautiful piece f art,” ne f the children said.
●④_________
Mre than 70 percent f the plastic we use des nt get recycled, and a lt f this plastic waste is swept int ur ceans. Cutting dwn n plastic use is imprtant if we are t prtect ur ceans.
Often, pre-packaged fruits and vegetables at supermarkets are a big surce f single-use plastic. Getting kids interested in grwing their wn fd is a fun and educatinal way t cut dwn n plastic use and shrten supply chains f fds. Besides, educate kids t use as little plastic as pssible.
●Eat sustainably surced fish
⑤_________. Unsustainable fishing practices threaten the fd security f these cmmunities, bth by taking away these marine (海洋的) resurces but als by harming their life. Yu can help by eating fish that are rich in the sea.
A. Reduce plastic use
B. Yet, ur ceans are being heavily plluted
C. Plastic is a material prduced frm il by a chemical prcess
D. The kids will really see the difference it makes t an area that they play in
E. Fish is an essential part f a balanced diet fr many peple acrss the glbe
F. Peple can have an pprtunity t appreciate rare fish in an aquarium (水族馆)
G. Lcal schl children in Rme, Italy recently participated in a “Creating art frm waste” wrkshp
三、完形填空（15空）
Fr 35 years, Flyd Martin has delivered the mail t residents in Marietta, Gergia. On the day f his 1 , the entire cmmunity 2 t hnr this 3 mailman.
Martin became a pstal wrker with the United States Pstal Service shrtly after he graduated frm high schl and made many friends ver the years. A little girl named Mae 4 the stry f hw she dressed like Martin fr Career Day at schl. “I was s hnred,” the mailman said. “It 5 my heart.” Mae is ne f the many kids in the 6 that lve t see the mailman. That’s because Martin ften gives kids candies. And it’s nt just the children wh get 7 . He als gives snacks t cats and dgs he cmes acrss, t.
8 the packages he delivers and the treats he gives, Martin prvides the neighbrhd with smething mre 9 : kindness. Sme neighbrs 10 their mailbxes with flwers, ballns and signs, and the celebratin cntinued when his final day f wrk ended.
Mre than 300 neighbrs attended the neighbrhd party hnring Martin. Several std up and said kind wrds t hnr him. Then, Martin rse t thank the neighbrhd. “Thank yu fr 11 me. We’ve gne thrugh gd times and bad times tgether.” He said 12 he had lst his parents and many f his friends, he knws he still has friends in the Marietta neighbrhd. “Yu are all here,” he said. “Yu were there when I 13 yu, althugh yu didn’t knw it.”
Martin desn’t have any children f his wn. 14 , he knws that even in retirement, he can return t this neighbrhd and see the hundreds f kids and friends wh lve him. “I lve yu guys. I say that. I mean it,” he said. “And that’s what the wrld needs mre f nw—lve, caring and 15 and taking care f ne anther.”
17．A. retirementB. presentatinC. electinD. prmtin
18．A. brke dwnB. shwed upC. drpped utD. cut in
19．A. skilledB. ambitiusC. strictD. belved
20．A. madeB. adaptedC. sharedD. shrtened
21．A. tuchedB. fllwedC. disturbedD. attacked
22．A. fficeB. parkC. supermarketD. neighbrhd
23．A. tasksB. allwancesC. treatsD. suggestins
24．A. Regardless fB. Aside frmC. Far frmD. In case f
25．A. invisibleB. abstractC. cmplexD. meaningful
26．A. decratedB. paintedC. designedD. cvered
27．A. putting up with.B. calling frC. caring abutD. living up t
28．A. even thughB. unlessC. untilD. suppsing that
29．A. suspectedB. describedC. criticizedD. needed
30．A. OtherwiseB. FurthermreC. HweverD. Besides
31．A. hatredB. sympathyC. cmplaintD. annyance
四、短文填空
32．“Chinese language and culture have gained ppularity in member states f the Gulf Cperatin Cuncil (GCC), especially in Saudi Arabia ver the past year,” educatin fficials and experts said at the Secnd China-GCC Language and Culture Frum held in Beijing n Thursday. “Since all Saudi Arabia’s public and private secndary schls started t teach Chinese twice a week in August, Chinese language and culture have been well received by students,” said Salim Alanazy, ①_________ psitin is assistant deputy minister f the Educatin Ministry f Saudi Arabia. “②_________ (definite), Chinese language is nw imprtant in many cuntries. GCC member states, especially Saudi Arabia, value this language and are glad t develp friendships with China,” he said at the frum held during the nging Wrld Chinese Language Cnference.
In Octber, educatin authrities frm Saudi Arabia and China signed an agreement n increasing cperatin in Chinese language educatin between the tw cuntries. “Nt nly will sme teachers frm China prvide Chinese lessns ③_________ students in ur cuntry ④_________ als we will send Saudi teachers t study Chinese in China,” Alanazy said.
Duan Peng, president f Beijing Language and Culture University (BLCU), said, “⑤_________ (take) int accunt the main supprter fr Chinese language educatin in Saudi Arabia, BLCU is wrking n cmpiling curriculum, training Chinese teachers and cultivating teaching resurces fr Saudi Arabia.”
“BLCU graduates play a bridging rle in internatinal cmmunicatin as they are ⑥_________majrity f deans and prfessrs f the Chinese language and literature departments at universities arund the wrld,” he added.
“Chinese language educatin has a prmising future as mre cuntries are willing t have the language ⑦_________ (include) int the educatin curriculum f middle schls and clleges,” Duan said.
Liu Xinlu, dean f the Schl f Arabic Studies at Beijing Freign Studies University, said, “Prgress ⑧_________ (make) since the GCC-China Library fr cultural ⑨_________ (engage) in bth Arabic and Chinese was initiated in December last year.” Liu said an ⑩_________ (additin) 50 wrkers have t be supplemented (补充) t the library and serve readers in Gulf and Arabic cuntries. He said, “Arabic cuntries cperate with China at a higher level beynd plitics, trade and Chinese language educatin.”
五、书面表达
33．假定你是某高中学生李华，你校英文报正在进行征文活动，主题是“有意义的一天”，请你给编辑发一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 事情发生的时间、地点和过程；
2. 该事情为何有意义。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear editr,
I’d like t tell yu a meaningful day in my life. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On a cld winter evening, I, tgether with my 6-year-ld sn Bb, was n ur way hme, heading twards a bridge, when I heard sme strange nise ahead.
As we apprached the bridge, dusk was starting t fall and I culd see a figure lying n the bridge flr, uncmfrtably clse t the railing (栏杆) f the bridge. It was a yung man, clearly in great pain, crying and shuting, and his whle bdy was shaking. I was shcked, and suddenly realized the serius situatin. The bridge ran ver a high-speed train track and was a well-knwn. death trap. A lcal family had lst their teenager in that exact place a few weeks earlier.
I quickly lked arund but there was n ne else nearby. I knew I wuldn’t be able t live with myself if his death was reprted the next day and I’d dne nthing abut that.
Withut any hesitatin, I inched twards the figure, and little Bb fllwed quietly n my side. I asked the yung man if I culd sit dwn, and then lwered myself nt the bridge flr ppsite him. I tried a few gentle questins, asking, “What’s yur name? Hw ld are yu? What d yu d?” His answers were rather simple, which were “Tm. 21. Cmputers.”
“Are yu OK?” I asked. “N, I’m nt!” He shuted back. He said smething abut a betrayal (背叛), and nt knwing what t d. His emtins were changing wildly. I tried t make a cnnectin, s I tld him my name, where I lived, and hw I was a mther f tw children. After asking him where he went t cllege, I pretended t be amazed that my niece (侄女) had studied there, t. I tld him that his life was very valuable and the betrayal was just ne tiny part f it. I even fund myself telling the stry f Neil Layburn, wh had persuaded a man t be dwn frm Waterl Bridge in Lndn. “They’re great friends nw and have even run a marathn tgether fr charity,” I said. “Wh knws? That culd be us.” I kept talking gently and eagerly.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I thught a train culd cme at any time. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then I brke the silence. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据“The requirements fr studying in America”部分的“High schl students wh are aged 15 t 18(15至18岁的高中生)”以及“A scre f at least 212 n the ELTiS (English Language Test fr Internatinal Students) exam(ELTiS（国际学生英语语言测试）考试成绩至少212分)”可知国际学生英语语言测试考试成绩在212分以上的15至18岁的高中生有资格参与项目，故选B项。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据“Admissin and visa”部分的“We issue and send yur agency the Frm DS-2019, which is the fficial US Department f State dcument that allws yu t apply fr and receive yur J-1 visa. Once yu receive the DS-2019, yu can make yur visa appintment(我们向您的代理机构发布并发送DS-2019表格，这是美国国务院的官方文件，允许您申请和接收J-1签证。一旦您收到DS-2019，您就可以预约签证)”可知，在申请预约签证之前，应填写并邮寄DS-2019表格，故选D项。
3．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据“Depart t the US and meet yur family and friends”部分的“When yu arrive, we will give yu a student rientatin(迎新会)and intrduce yu t ther exchange students and the surrunding cmmunity.(当你到达时，我们将为组织一场学生迎新会，并将你介绍给其他交换生和周围的社区)”可知，当学生到达美国的时候，等待他们的是一场学生迎新会，故选A项。
4．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二三句“Luckily fr them, the sculptr Ray Villafane fell in lve with the fur-acre Carefree Desert Gardens and agreed t carve pumpkins fr the turists. Then, the festival became a hit in 2018.”（幸运的是，雕塑家雷·维拉法恩爱上了这个占地4英亩的“Carefree Desert Gardens”，并同意为游客雕刻南瓜。然后，该节日在2018年成为热门。）可知，该节日在2018年非常成功是因为雕塑家雷·维拉法恩雕刻的南瓜。故选B项。
5．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“The tales featured pumpkin dead bdies running thrugh the grass, and a grup f helpless pumpkins attempting t free their peers imprisned by a scary-lking figure with nly bnes.”（故事中南瓜的尸体在草丛中奔跑，一群无助的南瓜试图释放被一个只有骨头的可怕人物囚禁的同伴。）可知，故事中把南瓜拟人化了，南瓜们想与骷髅对抗，拯救被囚禁的同伴。故选C项。
6．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第四句“In 2009, Villafane accepted a full-time psitin abut carving tys at DC Cmics.”（2009年，维拉法恩接受了DC漫画公司一份雕刻玩具的全职工作。）可知，在2009年他开始在孩子们喜欢玩的玩具上雕刻。故选C项。
7．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“In 2018, the twn f Carefree, in the USA was seeking a pumpkin carver t help their newly-planned Enchanted Pumpkin Garden Festival becme an instant success.”（2018年， Carefree小镇正在寻找一名南瓜雕刻师，以帮助他们新计划的魔法南瓜花园节能取得迅速成功。）及最后一段“The expert using basic carving tls fr his mst cmplex creatins stands ut in the festival.”（这位使用基本雕刻工具制作最复杂作品的专家在节日中脱颖而出。）并结合文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了万圣节期间的魔法南瓜园及雕刻师雷·维拉法恩的雕刻经历，应属于文化范畴。故选D项。
8．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Here, Heidi Gazelle, a senir lecturer in develpmental psychlgy frm the University f Melburne, explains hw shyness is f mre cncern if it is persistent rather than temprary.”（墨尔本大学发展心理学高级讲师海蒂·加泽尔解释说，如果害羞是持续的，而不是暂时的，那么害羞就更值得关注。）可知，海蒂·加泽尔认为持续的害羞比暂时的害羞更令人担忧。故选A项。
9．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“As a result, their scial cgnitin, scial skills and sense f self may be less mature than thse f ther children arund their age.”（因此，他们的社会认知、社会技能和自我意识可能不如同龄的其他孩子成熟。）可知，在社会认知、社会技能和自我意识方面，害羞的孩子不如同龄的孩子成熟。故选D项。
10．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“When parents becme aware that their child is being excluded r bullied by ther children at a childcare center r a schl, they shuld cntact the childcare center r schl n their child’s behalf.”（当父母发现自己的孩子在幼儿园或学校被其他孩子排斥或欺负时，他们应该代表孩子与幼儿园或学校联系。）可知，当孩子被排挤或欺凌时，父母应及时与幼儿园或学校联系。故选B项。
11．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“Shyness is f cncern if it interferes with yur child’s r family’s rutines r activities, r if yur child ften appears miserable r cmplains f being lnely.”（如果害羞干扰了你孩子或家庭的日常生活或活动，或者你的孩子经常表现得很痛苦或抱怨孤独，那么害羞就需要引起注意。）可知，当孩子抱怨孤独时，说明害羞的情况已经比较严重了，需要引起父母的重视。故选A项。
12．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“A mment f silence was bserved at 8: 15 am lcal time, the exact mment when an atmic bmb drpped frm a US bmber and explded ver the city n Aug.6, 1945, killing arund 140, 000 peple by the end f that year.(当地时间上午8时15分默哀一分钟,这个时间正是1945年8月6日，从美国投下的原子弹掉落并在这个城市上空引爆的时刻,截止到那年年底约有14万人死亡)”可知，选择这个时间默哀是因为这是炸弹在广岛爆炸的时刻。故选A。
13．答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据第四段画线部分所在的句子““Japan must immediately sign the Treaty(条约) n the Prhibitin f Nuclear Weapns,” Matsui nted in the Peace Declaratin, further urging the gvernment t heed the wishes f survivrs frm the bmbing and the peace-lving Japanese peple.(“日本必须立即签署禁止核武器条约，”松井在《和平宣言》中指出，进一步敦促日本政府听取轰炸幸存者和爱好和平的日本人民的愿望)”可知，heed在句中的意思是关注的意思，A. Make fun f取笑；B. Put up with容忍；C. Take delight in以……为乐；D. Pay attentin t关注。故选D。
14．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第六段“Japanese Prime Minister Fumi Kishida spke at the ceremny, saying an atmic bmb made mre than 100, 000 lse their lives withut mentining whether Japan wuld sign the treaty, let alne(更不用说) the histrical backgrund f the atmic bmbing f Hirshima.(日本首相基田信夫在仪式上,说原子弹爆炸造成超过10万人丧生，没有提到日本是否会签署该条约,更不用说广岛原子弹爆炸的历史背景了)”可知，日本首相基田信夫在演讲中提到了原子弹爆炸的后果。故选B。
15．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“TOKYO-Japan marked the 78th anniversary f the atmic bmbing in its western city f Hirshima(广岛) n August 6th amid grwing calls fr Tky t reflect n crimes the Japanese army cmmitted during Wrld War II.(东京——随着要求日本政府反省二战期间日军犯下的罪行的呼声越来越高，日本于8月6日在其西部城市广岛举行了原子弹爆炸78周年纪念活动)”可知，本文主要讲述日本8月6日在其西部城市广岛举行了原子弹爆炸78周年纪念活动。故选C。
16．答案：①-⑤BDGAE
解析：
①根据后文“We need clean and healthy ceans t prtect ur wn health and t supprt future generatins. Here are sme simple ways t encurage children t prtect ur ceans.(我们需要清洁和健康的海洋来保护我们自己的健康并支持子孙后代。这里有一些简单的方法来鼓励孩子们保护我们的海洋)”可知，后文提到需要清洁的海洋，说明海洋被污染了。故B选项“然而，我们的海洋正在被严重污染”符合语境，故选B。
②根据上文“Beach, lake r river clean-ups are a great way t get children invlved in keeping ur envirnment free frm rubbish. Even a lcal park will benefit frm a clean-up. Less trash in the envirnment in general is less trash that culd get washed away in ur bdies f water. Gather the family t pick up rubbish tgether.(清理海滩、湖泊或河流是让孩子们参与保护我们的环境远离垃圾的好方法。即使是当地的公园也会从清理中受益。一般来说，环境中的垃圾越少，被我们的水体冲走的垃圾就越少。集合全家一起捡垃圾)”可知，上文建议全家一起捡垃圾，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明这一举动带来的影响：孩子们会真正看到它给他们玩耍的地方带来的不同。故D选项“孩子们会真正看到它给他们玩耍的地方带来的不同”符合语境，故选D。
③根据后文“The children tk a trip t the lcal beach and were encuraged t pick up different types f rubbish that culd be turned int artwrk. “Trash isn’t just trash, because yu can create lads f things with it. It ends up nt being trash anymre, but a beautiful piece f art,” ne f the children said.(孩子们去了当地的海滩，并被鼓励捡起不同类型的垃圾，这些垃圾可以变成艺术品。“垃圾不仅仅是垃圾，因为你可以用它创造出很多东西。它最终不再是垃圾，而是一件美丽的艺术品，”其中一个孩子说)”可知，后文主要介绍了孩子们去海滩捡垃圾制作艺术品的活动，可知本句是在介绍这一活动。故G选项“意大利罗马当地学校的孩子们最近参加了一个“从废物中创造艺术”的工作坊”符合语境，故选G。
④根据后文“Cutting dwn n plastic use is imprtant if we are t prtect ur ceans.(如果我们要保护海洋，减少塑料的使用是很重要的)”可知，本段的主旨是减少塑料的使用。故A选项“减少塑料的使用”符合语境，故选A。
⑤根据后文“Unsustainable fishing practices threaten the fd security f these cmmunities, bth by taking away these marine (海洋的) resurces but als by harming their life. Yu can help by eating fish that are rich in the sea.(不可持续的捕鱼行为不仅夺走了这些海洋资源，还损害了他们的生活，从而威胁到这些社区的粮食安全。你可以吃海里数量丰富的鱼)”可知，后文提到了捕鱼行为威胁到了粮食安全，说明一些人以鱼为主要饮食。故E选项“对全球许多人来说，鱼是均衡饮食的重要组成部分”符合语境，故选E。
17．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他退休的那天，整个社区的人都来纪念这位心爱的邮递员。A. retirement退休；B. presentatin展示会；C. electin选择；D. prmtin晋升。根据后文“he knws that even in retirement”指邮递员退休了。故选A。
18．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：在他退休的那天，整个社区的人都来纪念这位心爱的邮递员。A. brke dwn出故障；B. shwed up出现；C. drpped ut辍学；D. cut in插嘴。根据后文“Mre than 300 neighbrs attended the neighbrhd party hnring Martin .(300多名邻居参加了纪念马丁的社区聚会)”可知，整个社区的人都来纪念这位心爱的邮递员。故选B。
19．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他退休的那天，整个社区的人都来纪念这位心爱的邮递员。A. skilled熟练的；B. ambitius有抱负的；C. strict严格的；D. belved钟爱的。根据后文“he can return t this neighbrhd and see the hundreds f kids and friends wh lve him (他可以回到这个社区，看到数百个爱他的孩子和朋友)”可知，马丁深受社区人们的喜爱。故选D。
20．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个名叫梅的小女孩分享了她在学校职业日穿得像马丁的故事。A. made制作；B. adapted使适应；C. shared分享；D. shrtened缩短。根据后文“the stry f hw she dressed like Martin fr Career Day at schl”指女孩分享了她在学校职业日穿得像马丁的故事。故选C。
21．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“它触动了我的心。”A. tuched触动；B. fllwed跟随；C. disturbed打扰；D. attacked攻击。根据上文“I was s hnred”马丁感到荣幸，女孩的行为触动了他。故选A。
22．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：梅是附近许多喜欢看邮递员的孩子之一。A. ffice办公室；B. park公园；C. supermarket超市；D. neighbrhd邻居。呼应上文“the entire cmmunity”可是梅是附近社区的孩子。故选D。
23．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不仅仅是孩子们得到了糖果。A. tasks任务；B. allwances津贴；C. treats甜食，款待；D. suggestins建议。根据上文“That’s because Martin ften gives kids candies.(那是因为马丁经常给孩子们糖果)”指马丁会给孩子们甜食吃，故选C。
24．答案：B
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了他送的包裹和他给的食物，马丁给邻居们提供了更有意义的东西：善良。A. Regardless f不管；B. Aside frm除了……之外；C. Far frm远离；D. In case f如果。根据后文“the packages he delivers and the treats he gives, Martin prvides the neighbrhd with smething mre”可知，除了他送的包裹和他给的食物，马丁给邻居们提供了更有意义的东西。故选B。
25．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了他送的包裹和他给的食物，马丁给邻居们提供了更有意义的东西：善良。A. invisible看不见的；B. abstract抽象的；C. cmplex复杂的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据后文“kindness”善良是比他送的包裹和食物更有意义的东西。故选D。
26．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些邻居用鲜花、气球和标语装饰他们的邮箱，在他最后一天的工作结束后，庆祝活动仍在继续。A. decrated装饰；B. painted油漆；C. designed设计；D. cvered覆盖。根据后文“their mailbxes with flwers, ballns and signs”指用鲜花、气球和标语装饰他们的邮箱，故选A。
27．答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：谢谢你们关心我。A. putting up with忍受；B. calling fr要求；C. caring abut关心；D. living up t不辜负。根据上文可知马丁退休的这天，邻居都来庆祝，体现了邻居对马丁的关心。故选C。
28．答案：A
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：他说，尽管他失去了父母和许多朋友，但他知道他在玛丽埃特社区仍然有朋友。A. even thugh即使，尽管；B. unless除非；C. until直到；D. suppsing that假设。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”应用even thugh。故选A。
29．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当我需要你们的时候，你们就在那里，尽管你们不知道。”A. suspected怀疑；B. described描述；C. criticized批评；D. needed需要。根据上文“he knws he still has friends in the Mariett a neighbrhd.”可知，马丁需要朋友的时候，玛丽埃特社区的人就一直在。故选D。
30．答案：C
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他知道，即使退休了，他也可以回到这个社区，看到数百个爱他的孩子和朋友。A. Otherwise否则；B. Furthermre此外；C. Hwever然而；D. Besides此外。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用hwever。故选C。
31．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这就是世界现在更需要的爱、关心、同情和相互照顾。”A. hatred憎恨；B. sympathy同情；C. cmplaint投诉；D. annyance烦恼。根据上文“lve, caring and”以及后文“taking care f ne anther”指世界需要的爱、关心、同情和相互照顾，选项sympathy与前后文单词情感色彩一致。故选B。
32．答案：①whse②Definitely③fr④but⑤Taking/Having taken⑥the⑦included⑧has been made⑨engagement⑩additinal
解析：
①考查定语从句。句意：沙特阿拉伯教育部助理副部长Salim Alanazy表示：“自从8月份沙特所有公立和私立中学开始每周教授两次汉语以来，中国的语言和文化受到了学生们的欢迎。”分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺定语，修饰名词“psitin”，先行词是“Salim Alanazy”，故用whse引导。故填whse。
②考查副词。句意：当然，现在汉语在许多国家都很重要。分析句子结构可知，空处需填副词作状语，修饰整个句子。故填Definitely。
③考查介词。句意：中国的一些老师不仅会给我们国家的学生上汉语课，我们还将派沙特的老师到中国学习汉语。固定搭配：prvide sth fr sb表示“为某人提供某物”。故填fr。
④考查连词。句意：中国的一些老师不仅会给我们国家的学生上汉语课，我们还将派沙特的老师到中国学习汉语。固定搭配：Nt nly…but als表示“不但……而且”，符合句意。故填but。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意：将沙特阿拉伯汉语教育的主要支持者考虑在内，北京语言大学正在为沙特阿拉伯编写课程，培训汉语教师和培养教学资源。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“is wrking”，故空处需填非谓语动词，“take int accunt”和“BLCU”之间是主动关系，若“take int accunt”的动作与“is wrking”同时发生，则可以用现在分词作状语，若表示“take int accunt”的动作先于“is wrking”发生，则用现在分词的完成式作状语，根据句意，二者皆可。故填Taking或Having taken。
⑥考查冠词。句意：北京语言大学的毕业生在国际交流中发挥着桥梁作用，他们占了世界各地大学中文系的系主任和教授中的大多数。The majrity f表示“大多数，大部分”。故填the。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意：随着越来越多的国家愿意将汉语纳入中学和大学的教育课程，汉语教育的前景一片光明。Have sth dne 表示“使某事被做”，用过去分词作宾补。故填included。
⑧考查时态语态。句意：自去年12月海合会——中国阿拉伯语和汉语文化交流图书馆启动以来，已经取得了进展。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，根据“since”可知，用现在完成时，主语“Prgress”和“make”之间是被动关系，且主语是不可数名词，故用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been made。
⑨考查名词。句意：自去年12月海合会——中国阿拉伯语和汉语文化交流图书馆启动以来，已经取得了进展。根据介词“fr”和“cultural”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，engagement作名词，表示“密切关系，接触”，表示抽象含义时是不可数名词。故填engagement。
⑩考查形容词。句意：刘说，图书馆还需要增加10名工作人员，为海湾和阿拉伯国家的读者提供服务。根据“50 wrkers”可知，空处需填形容词作定语，additinal作形容词，表示“另外的，额外的”，符合句意。故填additinal。
33．答案：
Dear editr,
I’d like t tell yu a meaningful day in my life. Last week, we paid a visit t a nursing hme. It was Saturday and the sun was shining all day. With the intentin f caring fr the ld, my classmates and I decided t visit the nursing hme nr far frm ur schl. The mment we gt there, we began t clean the rms and washed clthes fr the ld. Then we started t sweep the grund f the yard. Just tw hurs later, the whle yard was sptless.
As far as I am cncerned, this experience is significant. Fr ne thing, we helped with smething the ld culdn’t d n their wn. Fr anther, a tidy and cmfrtable envirnment was als prvided fr them, making them full f delight. It was thrugh this labr that I fully realized that the awareness f respecting and helping the ld shuld be raised.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
解析：
1.词汇积累
一……就：the mment→as sn as
非常洁净的：sptless→very clean
重要的：significant→imprtant
提供：prvide=supply
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Then we started t sweep the grund f the yard. Just tw hurs later, the whle yard was sptless.
拓展句：Then we started t sweep the grund f the yard, and just tw hurs later, the whle yard was sptless.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The mment we gt there, we began t clean the rms and washed clthes fr the ld. (运用了the mment引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Fr ne thing, we helped with smething the ld culdn’t d n their wn. (运用了省略关系代词的定语从句)
34．答案：
I thught a train culd cme at any time. I knew the challenge time was cming. I kept talking gently and eagerly t take his mind ff the betrayal. But his emtins were getting mre and mre wildly. The train was in. We had t run fr it. Quick as thught, I pulled him ff the bridge. I exerted my utmst strength. After that, we slumped n the side f the rad withut a wrd.
Then I brke the silence. I suggested he phne his parents at nce. He crrugated his brws in thught and he didn’t want his parents t knw abut it. "Life is shrt, nly virtue can put it t the distant future." I said, "This is a well-knwn saying frm Shakespeare’s, I hpe this saying will help yu and nw the nly thing yu have t d is frgetting thse things which are behind, and reaching t thse things which are befre." Suddenly he cried, he was mved by my sincerity. We embraced each ther and frmed a deep friendship.
解析：
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我想火车随时都可能来。”以及第二段首句内容“然后我打破了沉默。”可知，第一段可描写作者成功阻止了这位青年的自杀行为。
②由第二段首句内容“然后我打破了沉默。”可知，第二段可描写作者主动和青年聊天，沟通，终于使青年放下了心结。
2.续写线索：作者和孩子一起走在回家的路上，突然听到桥上有奇怪的声音——作者发现是一个青年站在桥上，非常痛苦地又哭又叫——作者意识到这位年轻人是想自杀——作者努力劝这位年轻人放弃这样愚蠢的想法——年轻人终于被作者打动了，放弃了自杀的想法
3.词汇激活
行为类
①运用：exert/use
②建议：suggest/advise/recmmend
③拥抱：embrace/hug
情绪类
①渴望地：eagerly/with eagerness/desperately
②被打动的：mved/tuched/struck
【点睛】【高分句型1】Quick as thught, I pulled him ff the bridge.（运用了as引导的让步状语从句）
【高分句型2】I hpe this saying will help yu and nw the nly thing yu have t d is frgetting thse things which are behind, and reaching t thse things which are befre.（运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句、省略关系代词that的定语从句和which引导的定语从句）