仁爱科普版九年级上册Topic 1 Pollution has causes too many problems.精品同步训练题

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【学习目标】
By the end f the lessn, students shuld be able t:
掌握本课的重点词汇和短语，正确运用现在完成时进行问答。
Wrds and phrases: pain, prduce, awful, bear, breathe/breath, get a pain in…, what’s wrse, t much nise, t many prblems, be harmful t.
Sentences: It’s difficult fr me t breathe.
I’ve gt a pain in my thrat.
It’s really awful.
A: Hw lng have yu been like this? A: Have yu seen a dctr?
B: I’ve been like this since last week. B: Nt yet.
【预习导学】
必备单词、短语和句子
1________________v.呼吸
2________________n.疼，痛，痛苦
3________________n.生产,制造
4________________n.胸部,胸膛
5________________adj.很坏的，极讨厌的
6________________v.承受，忍受 n. 熊
7________________n.主编，编辑
8________________n.土壤，土地
9________________adj.有害的
10.cut it / them dwn____________________________
11.be harmful t / d harm t sb / sth_______________________
12.high bld pressure_____________________
13.lk weak_______________________
14.be gne / disappeared_____________________
15.be in a gd / bad md____________________
16.care fr_______________________
17.thrw it / them arund_______________________
18.I’ve gt a pain in my thrat._______________________
19.Hw lng have yu been like this? I’ve been like this since last week.
______________________________________________________________________
Litter makes a mess f ur envirnment, s peple shuldn’t thrw it arund.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：
1.breathe v.呼吸
2.painn.疼，痛，痛苦
3.prduce n.生产,制造
4.chest n.胸部,胸膛
5.awful adj.很坏的，极讨厌的
6.bear v.承受，忍受 n. 熊
7.editr n.主编，编辑
8.sil n.土壤，土地
9.harmful adj.有害的
10.cut it / them dwn砍倒
11.be harmful t / d harm t sb / sth对…有害
12.high bld pressure高血压
13.lk weak看起来虚弱
14.be gne / disappeared消失
15.be in a gd / bad md心情好/不好
16.care fr关注, 关心
17.thrw it / them arund把…乱扔
18.I’ve gt a pain in my thrat.我喉咙疼。
19.Hw lng have yu been like this? I’ve been like this since last week.你像这样有多久了 ？从上个星期以来就一直这样。
20.Litter makes a mess f ur envirnment, s peple shuldn’t thrw it arund.垃圾使我们的环境一团糟，所以我们不应该乱扔垃圾。
【探究提升】
1. It’s difficult fr me t breathe.
breathe v. 呼吸
breathe ut 呼出； breathe in 吸入
注意：breath n.
take a deep breath 深深地吸一口气； hld ne’s breath 屏住呼吸 be ut f breath停止呼吸
2. I’ve gt a pain in my thrat.
pain n. 疼痛；痛苦。
have a pain in+身体某部位：表示身体某部位疼痛。
拓展：N pain, n gains.没有痛苦就没有收获。
painful 痛苦的 painless 没有痛苦的；无痛的
3. The chemical factry prduces terrible gas.
prduce v. 出产，生产，制造
n. prduct 产品[c]
【辨析】make和prduce
make 做，建造，生产 （普通用语，主语多为人，有时也可为生产某个物品的某个地点）
prduce 产生，生产，制造 （正式用语，主语可为人，也可为物）
4. What’s wrse, the factry makes t much nise and I can’t sleep well at night.
What’s wrse 更糟糕得是，用于描述形势得恶化。
What’s mre 而且，并且，更为重要得是
5. ... I can’t bear the envirnment here.
bear v. 容忍
can’t bear sb. / sth.
bear ding /t d sth.
拓展：stand 也有容忍，忍受的意思。
6. Anyway, I hpe the gvernment will slve this prblem sn.
anyway adv. “ 无论如何” 通常用于转换话题，结束谈话回到原话题。
hpe t d sth.
hpe that+从句
wish t d sth.
wish that+从句
wish sb. t d sth
wish sb. sth.
注意: hpe n. 希望； wish n. 祝愿，祝福
7. Light pllutin is harmful t birds.
harmful adj. 对有害的
be harmful t 对有害
harm n. 损害；伤害，危害
d harm t 对造成伤害
【强化训练】
一、单项选择
1．—Drpping litter is really ________ t ur envirnment.
—I think s. We shuld put it in the prper bins.
A．meaninglessB．harmfulC．friendlyD．daily
2．What has the charity rganizatin _________ fr children in pr areas?
A．prtectedB．prvidedC．prducedD．prevented
3．The delicius fd and ________ waiters made us happy with the restaurant.
A．slwB．tiredC．awfulD．plite
4．—Sme kids have t bear the ________ f getting separated frm parents after the Spring Festival.
—Yes. We shuld care mre abut these left-behind children.
A．painB．jkeC．frceD．date
5．—Mike, welcme t Sichuan, Jiuzhaigu ________ its clrful lakes.
—Great! I can’t wait t see it.
A．is angry withB．is harmful tC．is different frmD．is knwn fr
6．The factry ________ much harmful gas and it made many peple sick.
A．prducedB．wastedC．cntrlledD．slved
7．It’s knwn that drinking t much is harmful ________ ur health, but sme peple dn’t care.
A．withB．nC．tD．fr
8．Yu’d better ________ t late. It is bad fr yur health.
A．nt stay upB．stay upC．nt t stay upD．t stay up
9．There are ________ bks in the shp. I dn’t knw which ne t chse.
A．t manyB．t muchC．much tD．t
10．— _________ have yu been like this?
—Fr 3 days.
A．Hw farB．Hw lngC．Hw manyD．Hw ften
二、完形填空
When the air in Beijing gt “crazy bad”, as an American reprter described(描述), ne culd hardly even see thers acrss the street. During the 11 , yu can still make ut (辨认出) the sun thrugh the sky, but even at nn, the sun is just 12 a small white ball. Yur clthes can get 13 after a day’s walking. Clthes 14 like in an airprt smking waiting-rm.
But it’s nt just Beijing. On Mnday, in Zhejiang Prvince, suth f Shanghai, 800 miles away, a factry was 15 fire, but the air pllutin was 16 bad that fr three hurs n ne nticed the smke cming ut f the factry. T ur surprise, Beijing r a twn in Zhejiang Prvince culdn’t even 17 in China’s tp 10 cities f the wrst air pllutin. It’s clear that air pllutin has becme ne f China’s biggest prblems. 18 can hurt everyne. Smething 19 be dne t d with the bad air. The Chinese gvernment has taken the first, step t admit(承认) that it is a 20 . Beijing is able t make its air fresher, s peple there can breathe a little easier sn.
11．A．dayB．eveningC．hlidayD．week
12．A．nB．likeC．frD．ver
13．A．cleanB．wetC．dryD．dirty
14．A．tuchB．feelC．smellD．sund
15．A．nB．inC．atD．fr
16．A．suchB．tC．veryD．s
17．A．arriveB．reachC．beD．get t
18．A．OneB．ItC．OnesD．They
19．A．mayB．willC．wuldD．must
20．A．questinB．beginningC．prblemD．key
三、阅读理解
A
One pleasant evening, I was hlding Grandpa’s hand and taking a walk in the park. “Where are the peanuts? Give me nw!” He suddenly said. Hw I wished I had sme with me! “William, the mnkeys are taking lng t cme ut tday. Wait till they smell the peanuts.” I knew he was lst in ne f his memries again. I remembered the stries he tld me f hw he fed the mnkeys when he was a kid. Then, he saw the gldfish! He acted as if he was seeing them fr the first time.
Pr Grandpa! He fell ill with Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔茨海默症) last year. The dctr said it was a prgressive brain disrder which culd destry ( 破 坏 ) a persn’s memry. The patient might als nt be able t make reasnable judgments (判断). The saddening part was that it was a lifelng disease. But when my parents invited him t stay with us, he refused and said he liked living alne. One day, he frgt t turn ff the fire after cking prridge. Luckily, ne f the neighbrs came t help him befre the fire culd spread.
It was then that my parents brught Grandpa t live with us. Often, he wuld frget my name and ask me wh I was and what I was ding in his huse. Each time I wuld answer sftly, “It’s me, Ray, Grandpa!” Even if he had frgtten wh I was, he wuld always be my belved grandfather.
21．What did Grandpa want t d in the park?
A．Eat peanuts.B．Smell flwers.C．Feed mnkeys.D．Tell stries.
22．What wuld happen t Grandpa accrding t the dctr?
A．His brain wuldn’t need examinatins.B．His memry culd get better.
C．He might nt judge things crrectly.D．He had t live by himself.
23．After getting t Grandpa’s, the neighbr .
A．turned ff the fireB．cked prridge
C．shared the mealD．spread sme news
24．Why did the writer’s parents bring Grandpa t live with them?
A．T make sure f his safety.B．T help him remember their names.
C．T answer his questins in time.D．T get his help with the husewrk.
25．Which f the fllwing best describes the writer?
A．Smart.B．Caring.C．Hnest.D．Brave.
B
Micrplastics(微塑料) have entered seemingly every part f the planet tday, including rain ver the Rcky Muntains. Recently German scientists have even fund them in Arctic(北极) snw. Micrplastics are pieces f plastic smaller than 5 millimeters(毫米). Sadly, the scientists fund 1,800 pieces f micrplastics per liter f snw.
Scientists have been puzzling ver hw this fld f pllutin makes its way t the Arctic. A new study frm Germany’s Alfred Wegener Institute finds that the micrplastics in the snw cme frm the air. They are mved by the wind, just like dust, and then mix with ice in the air and fall in the Arctic as snw.
Finding these plastics in Arctic snw means that we may breathe them in. Are they bad fr us? We d knw that ur bdies cannt take in “large” pieces f micrplastics. Hwever, if the plastics are small enugh, they can find ways int ur bdies and stay there fr a lng time, which can be bad fr ur health. What’s mre, earlier studies have shwn that micrplastics may cntribute(造成) t lung cancer risk.
Micrplastics have als been fund in rivers and ceans arund the wrld. The research has fund that they flw ver lng distances and int ur ceans, ding harm t ecsystems(生态系统) alng the way. They start in ur wastewater, when we wash clthes with plastic fibers(纤维). The wastewater then flws int rivers and ut t the sea, where micrplastics are eaten by sea animals. If peple then eat these animals, it means that we’re eating micrplastics as well.
26．What have German scientists discvered abut the Arctic?
A．It has been plluted by micrplastics.
B．It is the last clean place left n the earth.
C．Different kinds f trash have been fund there.
D．1,800 pieces f micrplastics were fund there.
27．What des Paragraph 2 tell us?
A．What the Arctic snw is like.
B．Hw dangerus micrplastics are.
C．Where the micrplastics in the Arctic cme frm.
D．Hw t cut dwn n micrplastics in the Arctic.
28．Which is the right rder f the fllwing activities?
a. We wash clthes with plastic fibers.
b. Sea animals eat sme micrplastics.
c. Micrplastics flw ver a lng way int ceans.
d. The wastewater with micrplastics flws int rivers.
e. Peple have micrplastics in their bdies after eating such sea animals.
A．d-e-a-c-bB．a-d-c-e-bC．d-e-b-a-cD．a-d-c-b-e
29．What d we learn frm the passage?
A．Micrplastics are a main cause f lung cancer.
B．Micrplastics are mainly fund in rivers and ceans.
C．Sea animals are in danger f extinctin because f plastic pllutin.
D．Micrplastics can be bad fr the envirnment and ur health.
30．What’s the best title fr the passage?
A．Arctic weather and the plar envirnment.
B．Tiny pieces f plastics fund in Arctic snw.
C．Rain with plastics ver the Rcky Muntains.
D．Scientists frm Germany’s Alfred Wegener Institute.
四、阅读还原
Seeing bld in a hrrr mvie might make yu cver yur eyes, but real bld isn’t scary at all.
31 That’s why bld dnrs are cnsidered lifesavers.
Bld dnrs are thse giving bld --- usually abut 200ml at a time --- t bld banks r bld dnatin ( 捐 赠 ) centers. 32 Fr example, smene may have lst bld in accidents, r have a serius illness that requires his bld t be replaced. Hspitals and bld banks stre the bld and try t keep enugh n hand.
33 Medical wrkers ask dnrs several questins t make sure the bld is safe t use. Then the dnrs relax, ften reading a magazine r talking as their bld is drawn. Afterward, the dnrs may receive sme juice r water and maybe fruit t give them energy. The prcess is simple, nt scary. 34 T give bld, a persn must be at least 18 years ld and must meet certain ther requirements.
Students f all ages, thugh, can learn mre abut the dnatin prcess by visiting a lcal bld dnatin center. 35 It is als an easy way t help a cmmunity.
A．Dnating bld is nt difficult.
B．Then the bld can be used fr peple in need.
C．In fact, bld is the gift f life and keeps us alive.
D．Dnating bld is nt nly ne f the easiest ways t save lives.
E．Mst peple are able t dnate bld again in several mnths if they wish.
五、补全对话
根据对话情景选择恰当的选项补全对话。
A: What is yur prject at schl this week?
B: T make a reprt abut the envirnmental pllutin.
A: Really? 36
B: Me, t. The envirnmental pllutin is mre serius than befre. 37
A: It may pllute ur water.
B: We shuld d a survey near the river.
A: 38
B: I’ll get sme infrmatin t write my reprt. 39
A: Sure! I’d lve t. Let’s wrk tgether.
B: The city is ur hme. It is ur duty t make it beautiful.
A: 40
A．And I think yur reprt may be the best.
B．Wuld yu like t make it with me?
C．What a gd idea!
D．It’s said that sme factries pur waste water int the river near ur city.
E．I think it is a gd tpic.
六、选词填空
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。
When we talk abut air pllutin, we are usually thinking abut 41 air pllutin. But d yu knw there 42 als air pllutin inside hmes, ffices, htels and ther buildings? The air in yur hme can be 2 t 100 times mre plluted than the air utdrs! In fact, sme American dctrs say that 50% f illnesses have smething t d with 43 indr air.
A lt f pllutin cmes frm indr activities 44 as smking and cking. As mst peple 45 abut 80—90% f their time inside buildings, 46 is imprtant t take indr air pllutin seriusly, t.
Air pllutin influences ur health in many 47 . When the air is plluted, nt nly yung children and ld peple suffer frm (遭受) it, 48 peple with gd health suffer as well. Indr air pllutin can 49 peple’s eyes, nses and thrats. Air pllutin, bth indr and utdr, can als lead t lung cancer (肺癌) and heart disease! In the great Lndn fg, 4 000 peple died in a few days in 1952 50 f the pllutin! It is said that half a millin yung children and wmen die each year in India because f indr air pllutin!
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：——乱扔垃圾确实对我们的环境有害。——我想是的。我们应该把它放在合适的箱子里。
考查形容词辨析。meaningless没有意义的；harmful有害的；friendly友好的；daily日常的，每天的。根据“Drpping litter”和“t ur envirnment”可知，乱扔垃圾对环境有害，be harmful t意为“对……有害”，故选B。
2．B
【详解】句意：慈善组织为贫困地区的儿童提供了什么？
考查动词辨析。prtected保护；prvided提供；prduced生产；prevented阻止。根据“the charity children in pr areas?”可知此处问的是慈善组织为贫困地区的儿童提供了什么，prvide sth fr sb“为某人提供某物”。 故选B。
3．D
【详解】句意：美味的食物和礼貌的服务员让我们对这家餐馆很满意。
考查形容词辨析。slw缓慢的；tired疲劳的；awful让人讨厌的；plite有礼貌的。根据“made us happy with the restaurant”可知令人满意的应是礼貌的服务员。故选D。
4．A
【详解】句意：——春节后一些孩子必须忍受和父母分离的痛。——是的。我们应该更多地关注留守儿童。
考查名词辨析。pain痛苦；jke玩笑；frce暴力；date日期。根据“getting separated frm parents”可知，此处指与父母分离的痛苦。故选A。
5．D
【详解】句意：——迈克，欢迎来到四川，九寨沟以其色彩斑斓的湖泊而闻名。——太棒了！我等不及要看了。
考查形容词短语。is angry with生某人的气；is harmful t对……有害；is different frm与……不同；is knwn fr因……而众所周知 。根据“Jiuzhaigu... its clrful lakes. ”可知，应是九寨沟因为其色彩斑斓的湖泊而被大家所熟知，故选D。
6．A
【详解】句意：这家工厂生产了大量有害气体，导致许多人生病。
考查动词辨析。prduce产生；waste浪费；cntrl控制；slve解决。根据“much harmful gas”及“it made many peple sick”可知使许多人生病，应是工厂产生了大量有害气体。故选A。
7．C
【详解】句意：众所周知，饮酒过量对我们的健康有害，但有些人并不在意。
考查介词和形容词短语。with用；n在……上面；t向；fr为了。be harmful t表示“对……有害”，故选C。
8．A
【详解】句意：你最好不要熬夜太晚。这对你的健康有害。
考查had better用法。had better+动词原形，表示“最好做某事”；had better+nt+动词的原形，表示“最好不要做某事”。此处是指最好不要熬夜太晚，故选A。
9．A
【详解】句意：商店里有太多的书。我不知道该选哪一本。
考查形容词短语。t many太多，修饰可数名词复数；t much太多，修饰不可数名词；much t太； t太。空后是可数名词复数bks，应用t many修饰。故选A。
10．B
【详解】句意：——你这样多久了？——有3天了。
考查特殊疑问词。Hw far多远；Hw lng多长时间；Hw many多少；Hw ften多久一次。根据“Fr 3 days.”可知是问时间段，应用hw lng提问。故选B。
11．A 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．A 16．D 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了中国一些城市的空气污染很严重。
11．句意：在白天，你仍然可以透过天空辨认出太阳，但即使在中午，太阳也像一个小白球。
day白天；evening晚上；hliday假期；week周。根据“yu can still make ut (辨认出) the sun thrugh the sky”可知在白天可以看到太阳，故选A。
12．句意：在白天，你仍然可以透过天空辨认出太阳，但即使在中午，太阳也像一个小白球。
n在……上面；like像；fr为了；ver在……上。根据“ the sun is small white ball.”可知此处是将太阳比喻成一个小白球，故选B。
13．句意：走了一天后你的衣服会弄脏的。
clean干净的；wet潮湿的；dry干燥的；dirty脏的。结合语境可知空气质量很差，所以人们在外面衣服会很容易变得很脏，故选D。
14．句意：衣服闻起来像机场候机室的烟味。
tuch触摸；feel感觉；smell闻起来；sund听起来。根据“in an airprt smking waiting-rm.”可知烟味是闻到的，故选C。
15．句意：周一，在800英里外的上海以南的浙江省，一家工厂着火了，但空气污染如此严重，以至于在三个小时里没有人注意到工厂里冒出的烟。
n在……上面；in在……里面；at在；fr为了。固定短语n fire“着火”，故选A。
16．句意：周一，在800英里外的上海以南的浙江省，一家工厂着火了，但空气污染如此严重，以至于在三个小时里没有人注意到工厂里冒出的烟。
such如此，修饰名词；t太；very非常；s如此，修饰形容词/副词。根据“bad that fr three hurs”可知空后是形容词，是引导的结果状语从句，故选D。
17．句意：令我们惊讶的是，北京或浙江的一个城镇甚至没有跻身中国空气污染最严重的10个城市之列。
arrive到达；reach到达；be表示状态；get t到达。根据“Beijing r a twn in Zhejiang Prvince culdn’t China’s tp 10 cities f the wrst air pllutin”可知是指北京或浙江的一个城镇不在十大空气最差城市之列，be in表示“在……里面”，故选C。
18．句意：它会伤害到所有人。
One同类中不同个；It指上文提的单数名词；Ones是ne的复数形式；They他们。此空是代指空气污染，应用it，故选B。
19．句意：必须采取措施来处理这种糟糕的空气。
may可能；will将要；wuld将；must必须。根据“ dne t d with the bad air.”结合语境可知，我们要必须要采取措施来处理这种糟糕的空气。故选D。
20．句意：中国政府已经迈出了第一步，承认这是一个问题。
questin问题；beginning开始；prblem难题；key钥匙。根据“step t admit(承认) that it is a”可知是指空气污染是一个问题，而且是待解决的问题，应用prblem。故选C。
21．C 22．C 23．A 24．A 25．B
【分析】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述爷爷得了阿尔兹海默症和我们住在一起时我和爷爷之间的事情。
21．细节理解题。根据William, the mnkeys are taking lng t cme ut tday. Wait till they smell the peanuts可知，威廉姆，猴子今天花了很长时间才出来，等到他们闻到花生的味道，所以爷爷想在公园里喂猴子。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据The dctr said it was a prgressive brain disrder which culd destry ( 破 坏 ) a persn’s memry. The patient might als nt be able t make reasnable judgments可知，医生说这是一种进步性的大脑紊乱，能够破坏一个人的记忆，患者也不能做出合理的判断。所以他不能正确地判断事情，故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据One day, he frgt t turn ff the fire after cking prridge. Luckily, ne f the neighbrs came t help him befre the fire culd spread可知，一天，在煮完粥后他忘记关火，幸运地是，在大火蔓延前，一个邻居帮助了他。所以，邻居到他家帮他关了火。故选A。
24．推理判断题。根据One day, he frgt t turn ff the fire after cking prridge. Luckily, ne f the neighbrs came t help him befre the fire culd spread可知，一天，在煮完粥后他忘记关火，幸运地是，在大火蔓延前，一个邻居帮助了他。所以，邻居到他家帮他关了火。所以作者的父母将爷爷带来和他们住在一起是为了确保他的安全，故选A。
25．推理判断题。根据Often, he wuld frget my name and ask me wh I was and what I was ding in his huse. Each time I wuld answer sftly, “It’s me, Ray, Grandpa!” Even if he had frgtten wh I was, he wuld always be my belved grandfather可知，他经常忘记我的名字并且问我是谁，为什么在他的家里，每次我都轻声地说“爷爷，是我，雷”。尽管他已经忘了我是谁，但是他永远都是我挚爱的爷爷，所以可以推断出我是体贴的，故选B。
【点睛】细节理解题是考试时经常考查的一个题型。做细节理解题时，首先要先读题干，划题干中的关键词，再根据关键词定位至文中即可找到正确答案。例如第2题，题干关键词为accrding t the dctr定位至The dctr said it was a prgressive brain disrder which culd destry ( 破 坏 ) a persn’s memry. The patient might als nt be able t make reasnable judgments可知，医生说这是一种进步性的大脑紊乱，能够破坏一个人的记忆，患者也不能做出合理的判断。所以他不能正确地判断事情，故选C。
26．A 27．C 28．D 29．D 30．B
【导语】本文讲述了德国科学家在北极发现了微塑料，它不仅对生态环境有害，最终还会通过海鲜进入人体对人类健康造成危害。
26．细节理解题。根据“Micrplastics(微塑料) have entered seemingly every part f the planet tday, including rain ver the Rcky Muntains. Recently German scientists have even fund them in Arctic(北极) snw.”可知北极被微塑料污染了，故选A。
27．段落大意题。根据“A new study frm Germany’s Alfred Wegener Institute finds that the micrplastics in the snw cme frm the air”可知第二段主要说的是北极的微塑料是从哪里来的。故选C。
28．细节理解题。通读全文可知，事件的发生顺序是：洗衣过程中掉落塑料纤维→含微塑料的废水流入河流→微塑料流过很长一段路进入海洋→海洋动物吃进一些微塑料→然后，人们通过食用海鲜往体内摄入微塑料。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据“What’s mre, earlier studies have shwn that micrplastics may cntribute(造成) t lung cancer risk.”可知微塑料对人体有害。故选D。
30．最佳标题题。本文讲述了德国科学家在北极发现了微塑料，它不仅对生态环境有害，最终还会通过海鲜进入人体对人类健康造成危害。故选B。
31．C 32．B 33．A 34．E 35．D
【分析】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述献血的原因、条件和流程。
31．根据That’s why bld dnrs are cnsidered lifesavers“那就是献血者为什么被称为救星”可知，空处表示血的重要性，即“血是生命的礼物，让我们活着”，故选C。
32．根据Fr example, smene may have lst bld in accidents, r have a serius illness that requires his bld t be replaced“例如，有人可能在事故中失血，或患有严重疾病，需要更换血液”可知，举个例子说明，血用于真正需要的人，故选B。
33．根据Medical wrkers ask dnrs several questins t make sure the bld is safe t use. Then the dnrs relax, ften reading a magazine r talking as their bld is drawn“医学工作者问献血者一些问题来确保血是安全的，然后献血者放松，当他们的血被抽走时，他们正在读杂志或者聊天”可知，说明献血不困难，故选A。
34．根据全段可知，主要讲述献血的流程，所以空处应该说“如果他们愿意，大多数人可以在几个月内再一次献血”，故选E。
35．根据It is als an easy way t help a cmmunity“这也是帮助一个社区最简单的方法”中的als可知，应说“献血不仅是拯救生命最简单的方法”，故选D。
36．E 37．D 38．C 39．B 40．A
【导语】本文是A与B谈论有关学校作业——一份有关环境污染的报告的相关对话。
36．根据“T make a reprt abut the envirnmental pllutin.”以及“Me, t. The envirnmental pllutin is mre serius than befre.”可知，此处是对这个话题做出评价，选项E“我认为这是一个很好的话题。”符合，故选E。
37．根据“It may pllute ur water.”可知，这里应是说有关排放污水的情况，选项D“据说一些工厂把废水排入我们城市附近的河里。”符合，故选D。
38．根据“We shuld d a survey near the river.”可知，此处是对这个建议进行评价，选项C“好主意！”符合，故选C。
39．根据“Sure! I’d lve t. Let’s wrk tgether.”可知，此处应该是问对方是否愿意加入其中，选项B“你愿意和我一起去吗？”符合，故选B。
40．根据“T make a reprt abut the envirnmental pllutin.”以及“The city is ur hme. It is ur duty t make it beautiful.”可知，这里应该是总结有关要写的报告的情况，选项A“觉得你的报告可能是最好的。”符合，故选A。
utdr 42．is 43．plluted 44．such 45．spend
46．it 47．ways 48．but 49．hurt 50．because
【导语】本文主要讲述了现在人们的室内空气污染，并且严重的影响着人们的健康。
41．句意：当我们谈到空气污染时，我们通常会想到室外空气污染。此空缺少形容词作定语，结合“The air in yur hme can be 2 t 100 times mre plluted than the air utdrs”可知，此处提到的是室外空气污染，备选词utdr“室外的”符合，故填utdr。
42．句意：但你知道吗，在住宅、办公室、酒店和其他建筑物内也有空气污染？there be“有”，此句是一般现在时，主语air pllutin是不可数名词，be动词用is，故填is。
43．句意：事实上，一些美国医生说50%的疾病与室内空气污染有关。根据“The air in yur hme can be 2 t 100 times mre plluted than the air utdrs”可知，室内的空气污染比室外的更严重，所以这些疾病是与室内空气污染有关，plluted“污染的”，形容词作定语，故填plluted。
44．句意：许多污染来自室内活动，如吸烟和烹饪。such as“例如”，此处是列举实例，故填such。
45．句意：由于大多数人80%—90%的时间都待在建筑物里，因此也要认真对待室内空气污染问题。根据“As mst peple … abut 80 - 90% f their time inside buildings”及备选词可知，此处指大部分时间待在建筑物里，spend“花费”，此句是一般现在时，主语是复数形式，动词用原形，故填spend。
46．句意：由于大多数人80%—90%的时间都待在建筑物里，因此也要认真对待室内空气污染问题。固定句式：it is+形容词+t d sth“做某事是……的”，it作形式主语，故填it。
47．句意：空气污染在许多方面影响我们的健康。根据“Air pllutin influences ur health in many”及备选词可知，在许多方面都有不好的影响，way“方面”，many修饰名词的复数形式，故填ways。
48．句意：当空气被污染时，不仅儿童和老人受害，而且身体健康的人也受害。nt nly…but(als)“不但……而且”，固定搭配，故填but。
49．句意：室内空气污染会伤害人的眼睛、鼻子和喉咙。根据“Air pllutin, bth indr and utdr, can als lead t lung cancer (肺癌) and heart disease”可知，此处介绍室内空气污染对人们的伤害，hurt“伤害”，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填hurt。
50．句意：1952年，在伦敦的大雾中，由于污染，4000人在几天内死亡！because f“因为”，后接名词性短语或名词，故填because。
be, but, pllute, spend, hurt, instead, because, cst, utdr, way, such, it