备考2024届高考英语一轮复习课时提能练习第一部分过透教材Unit3FoodandCulture新人教版选择性必修第二册

这是一份备考2024届高考英语一轮复习课时提能练习第一部分过透教材Unit3FoodandCulture新人教版选择性必修第二册，共8页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A
Rughly ne-third f the fd prduced in the wrld fr human cnsumptin every year — apprximately 1.3 billin tnnes— gets lst r wasted. And in Singapre 665，000 tnnes f fd waste was prduced in 2020， amunting t $342 millin， nly 19％ f which was recycled. Chua Kai-Ning and her partner， Phua Jun Wei， funded Insectta in 2017. They are battling Singapre’s fd waste with the help f the black sldier fly larva — the immature frm f a fly.
"The idea behind Insectta is that nthing ges t waste，" said Chua. "Waste can be reimagined as a resurce if we change hw we think abut ur prductin methds， and hw we deal with waste."
The wrms f black sldier flies cnsume up t eight tns f fd waste per mnth. Insectta can then flash dry the wrms int animal feed， and use the insects’ excrement（粪便）fr agriculture. Accrding t Chua，Insectta is extracting mre than agriculture-related prducts frm black sldier flies.
"During the research and develpment， we realized that a lt f precius bimaterials that have already gt market value can be gained frm these flies，" Chua said. Insectta has develped technlgy t get bimaterials frm the exskeletn（外骨骼） they leave behind.
One f these bimaterials is chitsan， an antimicrbial（抗菌的） material smetimes used in makeup and medicine. Insectta aims t eventually prduce 500 kilgrams f chitsan a day. Insectta is nw wrking with Singapre-based Spa Esprit Grup fr the use f the chitsan in its skin care prducts. It als jins hands with the face mask brand Vi-Mask， which hpes t use the chitsan t make an antimicrbial layer within its prducts.
世界上每年都有大量的食物被浪费，新加坡的一家名为Insectta的公司利用黑水虻解决食品废弃物，把黑水虻的粪便应用于农业，并从黑水虻的外骨骼中提取出了可用于化妆品和药品等的材料。
【词语积累】 amunt t总计，共计；等同于，相当于
jin hands携手合作，联合，合伙
【长难句解读】 ＂During the research and develpment， we realized that a lt f precius
that引导的宾语从句，
bimaterials (that have already gt market value) can be gained frm these flies，＂Chua said.
其中包含一个that引导的定语从句
译文：Chua说："在研究和开发中，我们意识到，许多已经有市场价值的珍贵的生物材料可以从这些黑水虻身上获取。"
1. What d the figures in paragraph 1 shw？
A. The difficulty in recycling fd waste.
B. The seriusness f fd waste.
C. The urgency f reducing fd cnsumptin.
D. The effrt at battling fd waste.
解析 B 推理判断题。由第一段内容可知，全世界每年有大约13亿公吨的食物被浪费，2020年新加坡产生了665 000公吨食品废弃物，其中只有19％得到了回收。由此可知，作者通过列数字的方式来表明食物浪费的严重性，故选B项。
2.What des the underlined wrd "extracting" in paragraph 3 mean？
A. Prtecting.B.Obtaining.
C. Learning.D. Recycling.
解析 B 词义猜测题。由第三段中的"use the insects’ excrement（粪便） fr agriculture"可知，该公司把黑水虻的粪便应用于农业，再结合下文可知，该公司还从黑水虻的外骨骼中获取了抗菌生物材料。由此可推知，该公司从黑水虻身上获取的不只是与农业相关的产品，故画线词的含义应是"获取"，B项切题。
3.What can be inferred abut chitsan？
A. It has a wide range f uses.
B. It brings few prfits t Insectta.
C. It has been applied t masks.
D. It is fund in the fly’s excrement.
解析 A 推理判断题。由最后一段中的"used in makeup and medicine""fr the use f the chitsan in its skin care prducts... t make an antimicrbial layer within its prducts"可知，这种抗菌材料可用于化妆品和药物中，也可用于护肤产品中，还可用于口罩的抗菌层。由此可知，这种抗菌材料用途广泛，故选A。
4.Which is the best title fr the text？
A. Insects prvide a way t recycle fd waste
B. New technlgy is develped t fight fd waste
C. Insectta is using insects t turn waste int treasure
D. Singapre is benefiting frm the insect-based industry
解析 C 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章的主要内容是：世界上每年都有大量的食物被浪费，新加坡的一家名为Insectta的公司利用黑水虻解决食品废弃物，把黑水虻的粪便应用于农业，还从黑水虻的外骨骼中提取出了可用于化妆品和药品等的材料。C项做标题最佳。
B
[科技创新/]Diners in Japan may sn be able t cut their salt intake withut needing t sacrifice（牺牲） flavr. Researchers recently annunced they develped electric chpsticks that increase saltiness f fds.
C-develped by Meiji University prfessr Hmei Miyashita and drink prducer Kirin Hldings Cmpany， Limited， the chpsticks imprve tastes using electrical stimulatin and a mini-cmputer attached t a wrist. "The device uses a weak electrical current t send sdium ins（钠离子） frm fd， thrugh the chpsticks， t the muth where they create a sense f saltiness，" said Miyashita. "As a result， the salty taste increases by 1.5 times."
The taste-imprving chpsticks may have particular relevance t the traditinal diet in Japan， which tends t be high in salt. The average Japanese adult eats abut 10 grams f salt each day. That is almst tw times the amunt suggested by the Wrld Health Organizatin. High sdium intake is linked t increased cases f high bld pressure， strkes and ther cnditins. "T prevent these diseases， we need t reduce the amunt f salt we take，" said Kirin researcher Ai Sat. Sat added that if Japanese peple try t reduce salt intake in the usual ways， they will need t cut many f their favrite fds frm their diet. Otherwise， they wuld have t eat flavrless fd.
"I want t verturn the idea that lw salt means n flavr，" Miyashita declared. "The chpsticks make it pssible t keep enjying the fds we lve， and in a healthier way." He was cnfident that the chpsticks can help peple make better decisins abut their diet and hped t have them ready t sell as early as next year.
Miyashita and his research team have explred different ways that technlgy can interact with human senses. He has als develped a televisin screen that a persn can lick（舔） t taste different fd flavrs. Meanwhile， research is als underway t develp ther eating tls with special functins like electric spns and frks using technlgy.
本文是说明文。日本的传统饮食盐味较重，过量的钠的摄入增加了日本人患高血压、中风和其他相关疾病的风险。最近，日本的研究人员发明了一种电动筷子，这种筷子可以在不额外增加食物的盐含量的同时增加食物的咸味。
【词语积累】 intake n.（食物、饮料等的）摄取量，吸入量
relevance n.关联，有关 verturn v.推翻
underway adj.在进行中的
【熟词生义】 1.current常用义：adj.当前的，现在的 文中义：n.电流
2.cnditin常用义：n.状况，状态 文中义：n.（因不可能治愈而长期患有的）疾病
1.Wh wuld prbably be interested in the electric chpsticks？
A. Thse sticking t a balanced diet.
B. Thse having eating disrders.
C. Thse preferring hmemade fd.
D. Thse wanting t take in less salt.
解析 D 细节理解题。由文章第一段中的"Diners in Japan may sn be able t cut their salt intake"可知，这种电动筷子对想要减少盐摄入量的人有吸引力，故D项正确。
2.Why is traditinal Japanese diet mentined？
A. T intrduce what Japanese diet is like.
B. T stress hw imprtant chpsticks are fr it.
C. T shw what influence it has n the Japanese.
D. T explain why electric chpsticks are invented.
解析 D 推理判断题。由题干中的"traditinal Japanese diet"可将解题信息定位至第三段。由本段对日本传统饮食的介绍可知，日本的传统饮食盐味较重。普通的日本成年人每天摄入的盐量几乎是世界卫生组织建议的两倍。高钠摄入量与高血压、中风和其他疾病病例的增加有关。如果日本人以平常的方式减少盐的摄入，他们将需要舍弃许多他们喜欢的食物。否则，他们将不得不吃寡淡无味的食物。再结合上文中提到的电动筷子可以增加食物的咸味可推知，文中提及日本传统饮食是为了解释研究人员发明电动筷子的原因。综上可知，本题选D。
3.What des Miyashita expect f the electric chpsticks？
A. They’ll reach cnsumers in the near future.
B. They’ll help change peple’s eating habits.
C. They’ll be develped int varius versins.
D. They’ll inspire a whle new line f research.
解析 A 细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的"the chpsticks can help peple ... hped t have them ready t sell as early as next year"可知，本题选A。
4.What is the text mainly abut？
A. Benefits f lw-sdium diets.
B. Imprvements t the Japanese diet.
C. Electric chpsticks increasing salty taste.
D. An inventin making fd mre delicius.
解析 C 主旨大意题。结合全文内容，尤其是第一段中的"Researchers recently annunced they develped electric chpsticks that increase saltiness f fds"可知，本文主要介绍的是研究者发明的一种能够增加食物咸味的电动筷子，故C项正确。
二、七选五
On ur secnd day in China， we’d already been asked t jin the schl fr supper. Nervus and unsure f the fd and table manners， we plitely agreed. 1 And nw my first dining experience wuld be with the schl staff.
Cmpared with the restaurants in my hmetwn， Chinese nes are lud and busy. 2 The atmsphere is warm and chatic； peple are happy. The tables are big and rund. In Chinese culture the mst imprtant persn sits facing the dr. Plates f fd sn started arriving. And then I wished I’d wrked n my chpstick skills befre.
3 This means rdering lts f fd and encuraging yu t keep eating. It als means drinking and drinking. Yu’ll never have an empty glass.
It’s plite t try everything， but if yu knw me， yu wuld knw I dn’t eat everything. Fresh fish？ Sure， an entire fish n the plate staring at yu while yu pick at it. Nt fr me. 4 N， thanks！ The lung f a pig？ I’ll pass. It seems that the Chinese really eat everything！
Every day I’m pushed ut f my cmfrt zne. 5 The experience itself is quite amazing. I’ve learned a lt， yet there’s still s much t learn. It sure is different frm my culture and way f living， but being in their shes and seeing life thrugh their eyes have really helped me t understand. And I lk frward t discvering mre！
A. I gradually gt used t the life here.
B. The Chinese are s friendly and hspitable.
C. Snails with their shell crushed and cked int a meal？
D. But fr the mst part， I discver smething I really enjy.
E. Peple rinse（冲洗） their bwls and chpsticks first with ht water.
F. Cming t China， the thing I was mst nervus abut was the fd.
G. Peple are shuting， laughing， drinking and kids are running arund freely.
了解一个国家的地道文化可以从饭桌上开始。吃吃喝喝中，品尝的是别具特色的美食，感受的是异域的独特氛围，谈论的是关乎彼此的凡人俗事，体验的是浓郁的烟火气息！
1.F F项中的the thing I was mst nervus abut was the fd与空前句子中的unsure f the fd以及空后句子中的my first dining experience相照应。
2.G G项所说的情况是对"Chinese nes are lud and busy"的具体说明。
3.B B项指明了第三段的主旨大意，"rdering lts f fd and encuraging yu t keep eating"以及"drinking and drinking"皆诠释了中国人的友善与好客。
4.C C项与"Fresh fish？"和"The lung f a pig？"吻合。
5.D D项与"Every day I’m pushed ut f my cmfrt zne"之间为转折关系，且空后的句子是对D项中smething的具体说明。
三、完形填空
One day， Baltimre restaurant wner Steve Chu learned ne f his lngtime custmers， an ld lady， was lsing her battle with cancer. Chu 1 t drive six hurs t Vermnt t ck her favrite dish fr her rather than share his recipe at her sn-in-law Brandn’s request.
Her daughter Rina knws hw much the dish frm Chu’s restaurant 2 t her. "She always tld us，‘When I’m n my death bed， I want t have that brccli，’" Rina said. "Actually， when I was packing n Friday t drive t Vermnt， I called her in 3 t see if she wanted us t bring anything special and she 4 said，‘Tempura brccli！’"
After cnfirming his plans with Rina and Brandn， Chu， tgether with his tw clleagues， made the 5 t Vermnt. The next mrning， they set up a makeshift（临时代替的） kitchen in the bed f their truck at the lady’s huse. When the dish was 6 ， the team rang the drbell.
When the ld lady pened her dr and saw Chu’s familiar 7 with the dish， she culd hardly believe her eyes. "I dn’t understand！ Yu drve all the way up here t ck fr me？" she cried with a（n） 8 expressin n her face.
Chu immediately recgnized her the mment he saw her. "We’ve seen many 9 cme and g. Hwever， she always 10 ， nt nly in the way she enjys my cking but in always making sure t 11 the dishes t my restaurant staff，" Chu said.
Their missin accmplished， Chu and his clleagues turned dwn an ffer t stay fr dinner， als refusing t take any 12 . Rina Jnes reprted Chu’s genersity left her and her mm with tears f 13 .
"She’s a lvely lady， wh has shwered us with lve at ur restaurant fr years，" Chu said， adding it was an hnr t help 14 the family’s wish. "It was a meaningful 15 ， and I’m happy that we culd make it happen，" he said.
老人患癌性命危，佳肴一道挂在心；女婿设法求菜谱，厨师果断献爱心，开车疾行六小时，亲往烹饪慰老人！
1.A. hesitatedB. cntinued
C. cmpetedD.ffered
解析 D 厨师主动提出开六个小时的车，亲自去给老人做菜。ffer t d （sth.）表示"主动做某事"。
2.A. meansB. wes
C. devtesD. sends
解析 A 老人的女儿知道这道菜对母亲的意义有多重大。mean在此表示"意味着"。
3.A. secretB. surprise
C. advanceD. anger
解析 C 老太太的女儿提前给母亲打电话看她想不想让带什么特别的东西。in advance表示"提前，事先"。
4.A. luckilyB. nervusly
C. cnfusedlyD. jkingly
解析 D 老太太开玩笑地说让女儿带她特别喜欢的菜。jkingly表示"开玩笑地"。
5.A. agreementB.trip
C. requirementD. rder
解析 B 确认了计划之后，Chu就和两名同事一起踏上了去佛蒙特州的旅途。make the trip t...表示"踏上去……的旅途，前往……"。
6.A. deliciusB. fresh
C. readyD. ppular
解析 C 菜肴做好后，厨师一行人按响了老太太家的门铃。ready表示"准备好的"。
7.A. figureB. perfrmance
C. behavirD. character
解析 A 老太太开门后便看到了Chu熟悉的身影。figure表示"身影"。
8.A. embarrassedB. scared
C. peacefulD.surprised
解析 D 结合"she culd hardly believe her eyes"和"I dn’t understand！"可知，看到Chu，老太太应该很吃惊，故本题选D项，surprised表示"惊奇的，吃惊的"。
9.A. vlunteersB.custmers
C. visitrsD. freigners
解析 B Chu是开饭馆的，自然是见多了顾客的来来往往。custmer表示"顾客"。
10.A. helps utB. watches ut
C. stands utD. wrks ut
解析 C 虽然见多了顾客，可这位老太太总是那么显眼。stand ut表示"突出，显眼"。
11.A. raiseB. return
C. serveD. praise
解析 D 老太太给Chu印象深刻的不仅仅是她享受他做的菜肴的样子，还有就是她总不忘向餐馆的工作人员夸赞一下这些菜肴。praise表示"夸奖，称赞"。
12.A. cnsideratinB. risk
C. paymentD. blame
解析 C Chu他们也拒绝收钱。payment表示"款额，款项"。
13.A. regretB. gratitude
C. prideD. pity
解析 B 对于Chu开了六个小时的车前来做菜这件事，老太太一家自然会心存感激，故本题选B项，gratitude表示"感激，感谢"。
14.A. fulfillB. express
C. understandD. discver
解析 A Chu觉得帮助老太太一家实现愿望是一件很荣幸的事情，故本题选A项，fulfill表示"实现，达成"。
15.A. inventinB. change
C. campaignD. experience
解析 D 在Chu看来，开了六个小时的车去给这位老太太做菜是一次非常有意义的经历。experience表示"经历，体验"。