牛津英语(苏教版)8A U5知识点整理
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这是一份牛津英语(苏教版)8A U5知识点整理,共13页。
8A Unit5 Wild animals 单元知识点汇总Comic strip—Welcome to the unit1. Would you like to live in the wild Eddiewild 用作不可数名词, “自然环境,野生状态”。in the wild “在野外;在自然环境下”。[拓展]①wild还可用作形容词,意为“野生的”。②wildly副词,意为“失控地,激动地”。2.Wild animals are free and happyfree adj.意为“自由的,不受束缚的”。扩展—一词多义① (adj.) 自由的,不受束缚的② (adj.) 有空的,空闲的③ (adj.) 免费的3. They may become dishes on the table any time.dish 可数名词,意思: 一道菜,或者盘子、碟子。其复数形式为dishes。例句:Help yourself to the dishes.The dish is very beautiful.4. So could you please not eat them?Could you please + do ?意为“请你....好吗?”,其否定形式为“Could you please + not +do?”,意为“请你不要好吗?”它们都是表示委婉清求的句型。Could you please repair the bike for me?拓展“Could you please..?" 句型肯定回答有“Sure!/Of course./My pleasure!/No problem.等;否定回答有“Sorry, .‘m| afraid no...”等。6.I may die without them.die (vi) 死dead (adj.) 死的,失去生命的dying (adj.) 临死的,垂死的death (n.) 死,死亡be dead (持续性动词)7.In fact, these are not wild animals, Hobo.in fact意为“实际上,事实上”,一-般位于句首,也可用在句中作插入语。例句:In fact, he put up some pictures on the wall by himself. Reading1.This means “hope” .mean (vt.) 意思是,意味着meaning (n.) 意思,意义备注:“What does…mean?"意为....是什么意思?”与“What's the meaning of..?."同义。meaningful (adj.) 意味深长的,有意义的meaningless (adj.) 无意义的2. When XiWang was born, she weighed just 100grams and looked like a white mouse.be born 意为“出生,出世”,其中的be动词常用过去式was/were。"be born+时间/ 地点状语”意为“出生于某时/某地”。3....she was not a small baby any more... ...not..any more意为 “不再”,相当于no more。例句:You can't eat beef any more. =You can eat beef no more.辨析:not… any more与not…any longernot… any more相当于no more,主要用来表示数量和程度上的“不再”。not…any longer相当于no longer,主要用来表示时间或距离上的“不再”。4. In the beginning, Xi Wang drank her mother'smilk.in the beginning 一开始 at first5. When she was 20 months old, she learnt to look after herself.learn to do sth. “学习/ 学会做某事”learn为及物动词,意为“学习;学会”,过去式为learned或learnt。6.Sadly, giant pandas face serious problems in the wild.(1)sadly (adv.) 令人遗憾地,不幸地,伤心地sad (adj.) 难过的 (sad -sadder – saddest)sadness (n.) 悲哀,忧伤(2)face此处用作及物动词,意为“面临;面对”。You had better face your problem.(3)serious ( more serious,most serious ) 形容词,意为“严重的”。seriously副词,意为“严重地”。serious (adj.) 严重的,严肃的,认真的(serious - more serious - most serious)seriously (adv.) 严重的,严肃的,认真的7. For example, it is very difficult for pandas to have babies..It's+adj.+for sb./sth.+to dosth.表示 “做某事对某人/某物来说....的”。形容词是用来描述事物特征的如:important(重要的),necessary(必要的),easy(容易的),difficult(困难的)等。It is important for us to learn English well.=To learn English well is important for us.学好英语对我们来说很重要。[辨析]“It is+adj.+of sb.+to do sth."表示“某人做某.....此处的形容词是用来描述人的性格、品质的,如:polite (有礼貌的), kind (和蔼的),friendly (友好的)等。该句型可改为Sb.is/are+adj.+to do sth."It's kind of you to help me.=You're kind to help me.8. Also, giant pandas live mainly on a special kind of bamboo.(1)live on 意为“以食...为生”Tigers live on meat.(2)mainly (adv.) 主要地,大部分地main (adj.) 主要的,最重要的9. As a result, pandas may not have a place to live or food to eat.(1)as a result 意为“因此;结果”,as a result of..意为“因为,由于”As a result, he became more popular.As a result of his height, he can't take part in the match. (2)动词不定式作定语句中的to live和to eat是动词不定式作定语,修饰前面的名词。动词不定式作定语时常放于所修饰的词之后,作后置定语I have a lot of homework to do tonight.Please give me something to eat.注意:英语中,动词不定式用作定语来修饰名词,如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则需要根据实际情况添上介词。10.Giant pandas are now in danger.danger (n.) 危险be in danger 处境危险dangerous (adj.) 危险的11.We should take action right away.(1) action名词,意为”行动:行为”。take action 意为“采取行动”. take action to do sth为“采取行动”行动做某事”。You must take action to improve your study.act (vi. &vt.) 行动;表演act --- actor男演员 --- actress 女演员action(n.) 行动;行为active (adj.) 积极的,活跃的;主动的activity (n.) 活动 (pl.) activities(2 )right away 意为“立刻,马上”,相当于at once 或right now。12.If we do nothing, soon there may be none left!none代词,意为“没有一个(人或物)”,常指三个或三个以上的人或物中一个也没有,也可以用于指物品一点儿也没有。There are five girls in the room, but I know none.辨析none,no one与nobody①none既可指人也可指物,常与of连用。noneof后接复数概念的名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数形式均可; none of后接不可数概念的名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。None of us know(s) how to speak the language.None of the furniture in the room is new.②no one= nobody,只能指人,作主语时谓语动词只能用单数形式。No one/ Nobody likes too much homework.③none指的是数量上“一个也没有”,可用来回答how many或how much引导的特殊疑问句;而no one和nobody指的是“没有人”,用于回答who引导的特殊疑问句。How many students attended yesterday's meeting?None.Who is in the classroom?No one/ Nobody.13.However, we do believe that where there is Xi Wang, there is hope.句中的do是助动词,后接动词原形,用来加强语气。I did makesome paper flowers by myself.14.the bamboo forests are very important to them.be important to sb. /sth.意为...对某人/某物来说重要”。有类似用法的形容词还有good,nice, friendly,rude,necessary等。Books are very important to her.Myclassmates are very friendly to me.15.She weighed only (3 ) 100 grams at birth..at birth意为“出生时,诞生时”,相当于sb./sth.was/were born。The baby weighed three kilos at birth.Grammar1. The horse is standing with its eyes closed.closed (adj.) 关闭的close (vt.) 关闭close (adj.) 近的;亲密的2. with the help of =with one's help在......的帮助下3. Did you know that bees never get lost?lost (adj.) 迷路的,迷失的= missingget lost = lose one’s way 迷路lose 失去,被夺去;输掉 (lose- lost – lost )loss 丧失,损失;失败4. 语法知识点may的用法1. 表推测,意为“可能,也许”,用于肯定句中。2. 表请求、许可,意为“可以”。注意:may表请求,用于主语为第一人称的一般疑问句时,其否定回答用mustn’t或can’t, 不用may not, 意为“不可以,不允许,禁止”。3. can 和may均可用来表示征求意见或允许,意为“可以”,一般可互换使用。may 的基本用法就是表示请求时的“可以”和猜测时的“可能”,但要再次强调may 表示猜测时是可以用在肯定句、否定句中的。另外,may引起的一般疑问句,其回答需要注意:肯定回答可以使用may或者can都可以,但否定回答则不能用may not, 只能用can’t 或者mustn’t.动词不定式作宾语1、动词不定式概述①动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,否定形式是“not to+动词原形”。②动词不定式没有人称,数和时态的变化。③在句子中不能作谓语,但可以充当除谓语之外的任何成分(主语、表语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语等) 2、动词不定式做宾语注意点①want,like,love,wish,hope,need,try,ask,seem,help,learn,decide,plan,start,begin,forget,remember,choose ,prepare,agree等动词后直接跟动词不定式作宾语。He decided to buy a new MP4.We all hope to go to Taizhou next month②有的动词(如begin, start, like等)既可接动词不定式作宾语,也可接动词-ing形式作宾语,且含义基本相同。③“疑问词(how, what, where, which, when等)+ 动词不定式”结构可跟在一些动词(tell, show, teach, know等)后作宾语。 I don’t know What to do next. Can you tell me how to get to the hospital?④如果作宾语的动词不定式很长,为了保持句子平衡,可用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语(动词不定式)后置。I find it interesting to play computer games.We all think it very difficult to finish the work in an hour. ⑤有的动词既可接动词不定式作宾语,也可接动词-ing形式作宾语,但意义区别比较明显,如:forget/remember to do sth.(忘记/记住要做某事);forget/remember doing sth.(忘记/记得做过某事);stop to do sth.(停下来去做另一件事);stop doing sth.(停止正在做的事)。 Integrated skills1.but only for a short while .while (n.) 一会儿,一段时间[拓展]由while构成的常见短语:for a while一会儿(conj.) 然而(conj.) 当……的时候,和……同时2. losing living areasliving (n.) 生存,生计alive (adj.) 活着的lively (adj.) 活泼的;生气勃勃的live (v) 生活3. People kill wolves because they think wolves are dangerous to humans.(1)be dangerous to sb.意为 “对某人有危险”。I think dogs are dangerous to children.我认为狗对孩子们有危险。(2) human此处作可数名词,意为“人”,其复数形式为humans。Animals are friends of humans.4. I'm sorry to hear that.I'm sorry to hear that.意为 “听到那件事我很难过”。常用于听到某人遇到不幸的事情时,是为了表示遗憾或难过而说的一句话。5. It's a great pity!太遗憾了!pity 名词,意为“遗憾,可惜”。What a pity!真可惜!“It's a pity!"意为‘真遗憾!”。“It's a pity to do sth."意为“做某事很遗憾”;6. What a shame!What a shame!意为“多遗憾啊!”,相当于“What a pity!",表示遗憾或惋惜之意。shame作名词,意为“憾事;羞愧”。It is a shame to do sth."意为“做某事是可惜的”。7. I think everybody should act to protect wild animals.act 此处用作动词,意为“行动”,act to do sth.意为“行动起来做某事”。We should act to protect the environment. Study skills1. 后缀ing, ness , ion 将动词或形容词变成名词1)v. + -ing → n.mean—meaning feel—feelingmeet—meeting hunt—huntingbegin—beginning2)adj. + ness → n.ill—illness kind—kindness sick—sickness dark—darknesssad—sadness happy—happinessblind—blindnessbusy—business careless—carelessness3)v. + ion → n.act—actiondiscuss—discussion celebrate—celebrationinvite—invitation decide—decisioninvent—inventionattract—attractiondonate—donation introduce—introductioneducate—educationpollute—pollution 4)v. + ment → n.move—movement develop—development advertise—advertisement treat—treatment5)其他fly—flightdie—death Task1.A report on bears一篇关于熊的报告(1)report此处用作可数名词,意为“报道,报告”。make a report“作报告”;a report on...“一篇关.....的报告”。Mr Green will make a report on wild animals for us.(2)on介词,此处意为“关于”,相当于about。This is a book on history.2.move around slowly in the daytimemove及物动词,也可作不及物动词意为“活动,移动,搬迁”。3.Otherwise, there may be no bears left in the world.otherwise 副词意为“要不然,否则”例句:Water the tree Otherwise, they will die.