精品解析：北京市西城区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷（原卷版）

这是一份精品解析：北京市西城区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷（原卷版），共12页。试卷主要包含了5 分)，5 分，共 6 分)等内容，欢迎下载使用。

本试卷共16页，共140分。考试时长120分钟。
考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷(共75分)
Ⅰ.听力理解(共三节，22.5 分)
第一节: (共 4 小题; 每小题 1.5 分，共 6 分)
听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。
1. Hw much will the wman lend the man?
A. 100 yuan. B. 200 yuan. C. 300 yuan.
2. Why desn’t the wman eat dessert?
A. Because she can’t get any.
B. Because she desn’t like it.
C. Because she has a stmachache.
3. What’s the pssible relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Wrkmates. B. Relatives. C. Classmates.
4. Which club will the man prbably jin?
A. The Basketball Club. B. The Painting Club. C. The Rbt Club.
第二节:(共 6 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 9 分)
听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。听第 5 段材料，回答第 5 至第 6 小题。
5. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. An email. B. A prject. C. A cllege.
6. What d we knw abut the man?
A. He has made sme new friends.
B. He has already finished the vide prject.
C. He wants t knw ther students in the cllege.
听第6段材料，回答第 7 至第 8 小题。
7. What des the man prefer?
A. Reading real bks.
B. Reading n his phne.
C. Reading n cmputers.
8. What will be the tpic f their speech?
A. New ways f reading.
B. Disadvantages f digital reading.
C. Changes f peple’s reading habits.
听第7 段材料，回答第 9 至第 10 小题。
9. What is the man ding?
A. Offering help. B. Asking fr advice. C. Making an aplgy.
10. What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
A. The man is wrking full time.
B. The man has decided t quit his jb.
C. The man has seen the curse intrductin.
第三节：(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分)
听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第 11 题至第 15 题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。
II.完形填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 22.5 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nixn, 59 years ld, was brn and grew up in St. Petersburg. Each mrning, he sits n a bench, watches the sunrise, and cnnects with___1___frm all walks f life.
Eight years ag, he decided t begin each day frm a bench with an impressive view f the St. Petersburg waterfrnt (圣彼得堡海滨), because it made him feel calm and___2___befre starting his day.
Abut a year later, a wman stpped t say hell, and she said smething that___3___Nixn’s view n his daily visit. She said, “Every mrning when I see yu sitting here, I knw everything is ging t be OK.” That’s when Nixn___4___he needed t pay attentin t the peple walking past.
Instead f staring straight ahead at the waterfrnt, Nixn started___5___at peple and talking t them. And pretty sn, sme early risers began___6___him n the bench, smetimes sharing their pressure and asking him fr advice abut persnal prblems.
N matter what prblem a persn wants t___7___, Nixn lends an ear. One day, a cuple came by t talk abut their prblems. The husband was always wrking. It was ruining their___8___. Nixn tld him, “Yu have t knw what’s really imprtant.” The man admitted he’d put everything he had int his___9___fr many years instead f fcusing n his family. “He started t cry and agreed that he needed t____10____,” Nixn says, “We hugged each ther and became friends after that.”
Nixn was always happy t listen, and he listens withut____11____and withut any kind f return expected. “Yu have t listen with an pen heart, because yu never knw wh’s ging t walk up,” Nixn says. He is a lving and lyal____12____t many. Fr thse wh walked past the bench, they were always____13____with a smile and asked hw they were ding.
N tpic is ff limits, but sme peple dn’t want t talk. They simply want t sit next t smene and share the ____14____. Once a wman stpped and just sat with Nixn fr an hur; then she said thanks and walked away. She just wanted a mment f peace and t knw she wasn’t____15____. And at that mment, she truly wasn’t.
1. A. teenagersB. relativesC. strangersD. neighbrs
2. A. peacefulB. excitedC. prudD. surprised
3. A. frmedB. changedC. develpedD. supprted
4. A. agreedB. realizedC. imaginedD. remembered
5. A. pintingB. laughingC. shutingD. smiling
6. A. jiningB. nticingC. leavingD. praising
7. A. airB. faceC. hearD. create
8. A. fameB. successC. marriageD. privacy
9. A. healthB. hbbiesC. kidsD. jb
10. A. give upB. calm dwnC. speak upD. slw dwn
11. A. emtinB. cnsideratinC. judgmentD. interest
12. A. guideB. teacherC. friendD. wrkmate
13. A. huggedB. greetedC. cmpetedD. satisfied
14. A. secretsB. wrriesC. happinessD. silence
15. A. sadB. alneC. stressedD. hpeless
III.阅读理解(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分，共 30 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Recreatinal Sprts Membership
Ohi State University has sme f the best recreatin facilities (设施) in the cuntry. Our Recreatin and Physical Activity Center (RPAC) has pened in the past 10 years, whse facilities and prgrams are designed t fit all yur needs and schedule.
RPAC Membership Rights
A membership is yur ticket t take advantage f all the facilities and prgrams.
Classes and prgrams
Grup fitness, sprt clubs and utdr adventure prgrams are nly available t current RPAC members. Yu can attend unlimited free grup fitness classes as part f yur membership. An extra payment will be required if yu prefer persnal training classes.
Guests and Family Participatin
Members may spnsr up t tw guests during a visit. A daily guest pass is required fr each guest t enter RPAC, and members must be present at the time f buying a pass. The pass is accepted at all facilities fr unlimited re-entries in a ne-day perid.
RPAC aims t ffer a family-friendly envirnment. Members are able t enjy quality time with their families free f charge in a variety f family-friendly accmmdatins including family changing rms, the Lunge game rm, and Leisure pl.
Lcker and Twel Rental
RPAC ffers full-service men’s and wmen’s lcker rms featuring large and medium size lckers, which can be rented either mnthly r yearly. RPAC twel service is available in additin t day lckers at varius lcatins thrughut the facility.
RPAC Membership Respnsibilities
In an effrt t create a welcming and safe envirnment fr all members, yu have the respnsibility t fllw the fllwing plicies:
Filming and phtgraphy in the facilities must be apprved in advance.
Cell phne phtgraphy and vide are nt permitted in lcker rms.
Fighting and rugh play are nt permitted in all facilities.
Shes are required in all public areas f all indr facilities, except fr lcker rms and swimming pls.
All equipment checked-ut frm RPAC must be returned at the required check-in time Yu may be charged fr the equipment returned late r damaged.
Please cntact member services if yu have any ther questins abut yur RPAC membership.
16. What can a RPAC member d fr free?
A. Enjy family time in Leisure pl.
B. Attend persnal training classes.
C. Use a lcker fr a whle year.
D. Take a guest t all facilities.
17. Which is ne f the member’s respnsibilities?
A. Wearing shes in all public areas.
B. N cell phne use in lcker rms.
C. N filming and phtgraphy in all areas.
D. Returning checked-ut equipment n time.
18. The passage is prbably taken frm ______.
A. a university websiteB. a research paper
C. a science magazineD. a gvernment reprt
B
A child science genius(天才)has wwed his prfessrs and classmates by becming a cllege graduate at the age f 13. Ellitt Tanner recently graduated frm the University f Minnesta with a bachelr’s (学士) degree in physics, with a minr in mathematics.
Ellitt’s parents are very prud f the hard wrk and devtin he shwed t get his degree at such a yung age and are pleased that he has becme an inspiratin t lts f peple. Ellitt’s mm said, “He als inspires us t be better peple every day.”
Ellitt’s parents first realized their sn was gifted at the age 3, when he displayed amazing language and math skills. It became clear that a traditinal educatin experience wuld nt be a gd fit fr him. Ellitt was then hmeschled by his parents. “Ellitt ended up learning and using infrmatin quicker than we culd prvide it,” his mther added.
By age 9, Ellitt had already cmpleted mst f the nrmal high schl curses, and his parents were struggling t keep up with him. S they sent him t the lcal cmmunity cllege, where Ellitt really develped his passin (热爱) fr physics. “Fr a lng time, I wanted t be a mathematician,” Ellitt said. “Then I was intrduced t a physics class, and that really inspired me t learn mre abut the secrets f the wrld.”
When he was 11 years ld, Ellitt mved t the University f Minnesta t start studying physics and math. Althugh his cllege experience is a little different frm that f his classmates, Ellitt still hangs ut with his peers in the student lunge, discussing hmewrk, debating physics tpics r watching mvies. Being with peple that are just as passinate abut physics as he is has been pleasing enugh fr him.
One f the biggest challenges Ellitt and his family have faced is criticism nline frm peple wh make judgments abut what his life must be like. Many peple believe he can’t have many scial skills. Hwever, Ellitt has always enjyed interacting with kids his wn age. He lves playing with ther neighbrhd children, and just like the ther kids, Ellitt ges trick-r-treating n Hallween, but in an academic way: He dresses up as Albert Einstein, his favrite scientist.
Ellitt has been accepted int the University f Minnesta’s PhD prgram and will start his study next year. In the future Ellitt aims t be a prfessr at the University f Minnesta and becme an expert in physics. “I can’t wait t get started,” he said.
19. What did Ellitt’s parents d when they realized he was gifted?
A. They sent him t a nrmal high schl.
B. They asked fr advice frm universities.
C. They taught him by themselves at hme.
D. They helped him fit int traditinal educatin.
20. When Ellitt mved t the University f Minnesta, he ______.
A. discvered his passin fr physics
B. enjyed staying with his classmates
C. dressed up as Albert Einstein in class
D. refused t play with kids his wn age
21. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Ellitt has few scial skills.
B. Ellitt lves explring the wrld.
C. Ellitt has n talent fr language.
D. Ellitt hpes t be a mathematician.
22. Frm Ellitt’s stry, we knw that ______.
A. physics is the mst imprtant subject
B. children shuld be educated at hme
C. geniuses need supprt just as we d
D. the earlier kids start schl, the better
C
If yu’re tired f yur phne, yu’re nt alne. Peple receive between arund 60 and 80 daily ntificatins (通知) n average, and sme f us may get as many as 200. These seemingly endless dings and buzzes can really affect ur wellbeing. Research has linked them t depressin and anxiety, and they may even cause prblems assciated with ADHD (多动症).
These utcmes may result frm the fact that frequent phne interruptins increase ur cgnitive lad (认知负荷), r the amunt f infrmatin prcessed by the wrking memry. We nly have s much mental capacity, and the extra effrt it takes t switch between tasks can make us tired, less fcused and disrupt (扰乱) emtinal regulatin. Additinally, in this state, we even experience a less accurate perceptin f time—we feel time is passing faster than in reality, which wuld eventually lead us t verlk results and cause hurried decisins, fr example, buying a pricey dress withut thinking it thrugh.
With the fact that cell phne ntificatins can mess with ur brains, scientists have sught ut ways t cunteract these effects. One pssible slutin: Scheduling ntificatins int batches (批次) that arrive at certain times f the day with the help f certain apps. Fr example, yu culd chse t keep things quiet except fr at 7 am, nn and 5 pm t g with waking up, taking a lunch break and heading hme frm schl. In a 2019 study, researchers assigned 237 participants (参与者) int three grups, including thse wh received all their ntificatins three times a day, hurly, r nne at all. The three-times-a-day grup said they felt mre prductive, attentive, in a better md and in greater cntrl f their phnes than the ther tw grups, while the ntificatin-free grup experienced mre anxiety and fear f missing ut.
Besides, sme researchers have argued that mre persnalized user design is pssible. Develpers shuld pay attentin t hw peple interact with their devices. With the help f a machine learning mdel, ur phne can autmatically learn frm ur past behavir what types f ntificatin we want t receive first, such as messages frm relatives. Thus, certain ntificatins can be delivered at suitable times.
This highly individualized methd culd be beneficial, but mre individuality means mre phne mnitring, which intrduces yet anther prblem: In the struggle t free urselves frm tech addictin, it isn’t clear whether mre mnitring is the slutin, r just adding mre fuel t the fire.
23. What is the pssible result f frequent phne ntificatins?
A. The wrking memry prcesses less infrmatin.
B. Time passes faster than what we are usually used t.
C. We tend t have distractin and emtinal disruptins.
D. We weigh the pssible results befre making decisins.
24. What d we knw abut the 2019 study?
A. The study lasted three years.
B. The cmparative methd was used.
C. The nne-at-all grup felt mre prductive.
D. Participants were addicted t their mbile phnes.
25. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Depressin and anxiety lead us t rely n ur phnes.
B. Adding extra phne mnitring can free us frm tech addictin.
C. The fewer phne ntificatins received, the better we cntrl ur phnes.
D. Persnalized user design helps phnes decide what ntificatins cme first.
26. What is the purpse f writing this passage?
A. T warn us against the phne veruse.
B. T draw ur attentin t the prblems f ADHD.
C. T stress the imprtance f cntrlling ur phnes.
D. T discuss ways t handle frequent phne ntificatins.
D
Students meet at the university campus fr classes during their 20s. This classical mdel f time, actin and place has traditinally prduced famus universities, but it is nw challenged by the digitalizatin f sciety—which allws everybdy wh is cnnected t the Internet t access learning—and by the need t acquire skills in step with fast develpment f technlgy. Universities must realize that learning in the 20s wn’t be enugh.
By teaching fundatinal knwledge and up-t-date skills, universities need t prvide students with the future-prf skills f lifelng learning, nt just get them ‘jb-ready’. Sme universities already play an imprtant rle in lifelng learning as they want t keep the value f their diplmas (文凭). This new rle cmes with a huge set f challenges and needs largely t be invented. One way t start this transfrmatin prcess culd be t g beynd the ‘diplma mdel’ t adapt university educatin t lifelng learning. We call this mdel the lifelng learning passprt.
The Bachelr’s degree culd be students’ passprt t lifelng learning. Fr the first few years students wuld ‘learn t learn’ and get endwed with reasning skills that remain with them fr the rest f their lives. Fr instance, physics allws students t bserve and integrate (融合) bservatins int mdels and, smetimes, mdels int theries r laws that can be used t make predictins. Mathematics is the language used t develp the laws f physics r ecnmy. These tw subjects naturally frm the basic pillars (支柱) f educatin in technical universities.
Recent advances in cmputatinal methds and data science push us int rethinking science and engineering. Cmputers increasingly becme the mst imprtant actrs in prcessing data and frmulating questins, which requires cmpletely new ways f reasning. Therefre, a new subject integrating cmputer science, prgramming, statistics and machine learning shuld be added t the traditinal fundatinal tpics f mathematics and physics. These three pillars wuld allw yu t keep learning technical subjects all yur life.
Accrding t this new mdel, the Master f Science (MSc) wuld becme the first stamp in the lifelng learning jurney. The new MSc diplma becmes a set f accmplished prjects and a list f technical skills. It is pen-ended and must be updated thrughut life, as technlgies and their applicatins change faster than ever.
Universities have a fundamental rle t play in this jurney, and higher educatin is in fr a change. The ld university mdel prduced talent and value fr sciety. We are nt supprting its ablitin (废除) but rather calling fr the adaptatin f its characteristics t meet the needs f tday.
27. What is the main idea f Paragraph 1?
A. Technlgical develpment challenges the university mdel.
B. The classical mdel serves famus universities well.
C. Students dn’t meet at campus due t digitalizatin.
D. Universities cntinue t imprve wrker skills.
28. What can be learnt frm the passage?
A. The students get a lifelng passprt with a Bachelr’s degree.
B The three pillars help with cntinuus learning in technlgy.
C. Physics and mathematics are enugh fr learning technlgy.
D. MSc prgrammes are the mst imprtant fr lifelng learning.
29. What des the underlined phrase “get endwed with” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Be cncerned with.B. Make rm fr.
C. Be equipped with.D. Make preparatins fr.
30. What’s the best title f the passage?
A. Changes t university prjects
B. Imprtance f Lifelng Learning
C. Develpment f Further Educatin
D. Necessity t Adapt University Mdel
第Ⅱ卷(共 65 分)
Ⅰ.选词填空(共 7 小题;每小题 2 分，共 14 分)
用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。
31. She tld me t be ______ and lk n the bright side.
32. Grwing up in a big city, he fund living in the village was ______.
33. The music festival is held ______ in Shanghai. I g there t enjy music every year.
34. There are many ______ f ding sprts. Fr example, it can reduce stress.
35. The accident was due t ______ driving.
36. Listening t music ______ us t feel relaxed.
37. Yu shuld nt take advantage f his ______ by demanding t much.
II.语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，共 10 分)
在未给提示词的空白处填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
38. Tny ______ (travel) t the village schl with an eager heart in 2010. (所给词的适当形式填空)
39. Is it pssible that human wrkers ______ (replace) by rbts in the near future? (所给词的适当形式填空)
40. As a traditin, all the family members gather tgether ______ (celebrate) the Mid-Autumn Festival. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41. The park ______is in the center f twn has beautiful, big trees. （用适当的单词填空）
42. Last year, hundreds f cmpanies ______ (attract) t the Internatinal Imprt Exp. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43. This prject can ffer valuable help t students ______ have difficulties in getting certain knwledge. (用适当的词填空)
44. Althugh they were ______ (disappint) at the result f the game, they knew the experience was wrth mre than any prize. (所给词的适当形式填空)
45. If yu’d like sme inspiratin, we have a lt f speakers ______ lectures can give yu sme awesme ideas. (用适当的词填空)
46. Scientists all ver the wrld are seeking a gd way ______ (prevent) depressin. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. Befre mving t Lndn, I thught city life must be ______ (excite) and full f surprises. (所给词的适当形式填空)
III.完成句子(共 5 小题; 第 63、64 题每题 2 分, 第 65、66、67 题每题 3 分,共 13 分)
根据括号中所给提示完成下列句子。
48. 他们在湖边搭起了一个帐篷。(put up) (汉译英)
49. 我将努力准时到达。(make an effrt) (汉译英)
50. 我们要关注自己身边发生的变化。(fcus n) (汉译英)
51. 一进博物馆，那漂亮的海报就吸引了我的目光。(catch ne’s eye) (汉译英)
52. 如果你对这个活动感兴趣，请下周一之前来报名。(sign up) (汉译英)
IV.阅读表达(共 4 小题; 每小题 2 分, 共 8 分)
阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
I had a great interest in researching the tpic f hw t imprve yur sense f directin, because my wn sense f directin is abslutely terrible. Take ging t the tilet in a restaurant, fr example. I can find my way there easily enugh because there are signs pinting me in the right directin. But getting back t my table is anther stry. After all, there are n helpful signs saying, “This is where yu were sitting less than five minutes ag”.
Hwever, rather than accept the situatin f myself frequently walking int cupbards and backtracking dwn dead ends, I’m determined t give my sense f directin a much-needed imprvement.
Nwadays, f curse, it’s easy t rely n GPS (全球卫星定位系统)t find yur way. But if yu really want t imprve yur sense f directin, it’s a gd idea t cunt n yurself.
Studying a map and memrizing the way befre yu set ut des have its benefits—nt least because the amunt f mental energy it requires means it’s mre likely t stick in yur mind. Lking at electrnic maps n a big screen—r even studying a paper map—als allws yu t get a sense f that all-imprtant bigger picture and hw everywhere fits tgether.
Paying full attentin is key, t. It’s imprtant t ntice what’s arund yu—in all directins. Instead f staring straight ahead, make sure yu lk up, dwn and behind yu as well. This will cme in particularly useful when yu’re n the return jurney—even if it’s just finding yur way back frm the tilet in a restaurant.
Try t relax when yu’re n unfamiliar grund. It’s all t easy t be anxius and afraid if yu imagine yu may be lst—but this sudden feeling f anxiety will nly prevent yu frm calmly wrking ut which way t g. Besides, getting lst is ne f the best ways t discver new places and add mre detail t that ever-grwing mental map—bth f which will help yu becme “directin smarter” in the lng term.
Finally, yur sense f directin is a use-it-r-lse-it skill. If yu nly stick t the ways yu already knw, it’s never ging t get any better. S nw’s the time t start explring!
53. Why is the writer interested in the tpic f hw t imprve yur sense f directin? (不多于9个单词)
_________________________________________________________________
54. When is it particularly useful t ntice what’s arund yu? (不多于6个单词)
_________________________________________________________________
55. What is the benefit f getting lst? (不多于12个单词)
_________________________________________________________________
56. Nwadays peple are increasingly relying n GPS t find their way. What d yu think f that? (单词数不限)
_________________________________________________________________
V.书面表达(20分)
57. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国朋友 Jim 在给你的邮件中提到他们学校的国际文化周要开始了，他们班将要举办一次中国文化展。因此，他向你询求建议，请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐展示的内容及形式；
2. 陈述推荐理由。
注意：1.词数不少于 50；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li HuaIntrductin t Eclife Agricultural Park
Aim
t give educatinal pprtunities t the 11
t awaken interest in plant life
t prvide visitrs enjyment
Areas
Green Ranch
We 12 different animals.
Fish 13
Many f the fish are fr 14 .
Angel Garden
A wide variety f 15 are grwn.
able, care, cheer, annual, challenge, benefit, kind