2022-2023学年河南省南阳市宛城区南阳市第一中学校高三上学期12月月考英语试题含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年河南省南阳市宛城区南阳市第一中学校高三上学期12月月考英语试题含答案，文件包含河南省南阳市宛城区南阳市第一中学校2022-2023学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题原卷版docx、河南省南阳市宛城区南阳市第一中学校2022-2023学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共42页， 欢迎下载使用。

第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项
A
D flying cars nly exist in dreams f a far-ff future? Well, the future may be clser than yu think. Let’s take a lk at sme mdes f transprt that we culd be using in the future.
Flying taxi
Slvakian engineering cmpany AerMbil has designed the wrld’s first 4-seater flying taxi. AerMbil’s AM Next is a hybrid(混合物) —half supercar, half lightweight aircraft. It’s able t transfrm between the tw mdes f transprt in fewer than 3 minutes as its wings mve int the apprpriate psitins. It is expected t be released in 2027 and will be able t fly a distance f up t 500 miles (abut 800 kilmeters) between majr cities.
Gyrscpic transprt
Gyrscpic transprt is a revlutinary new mde f transprt that is being planned. It is the use f large pds supprted by flexible legs that transprt passengers ver existing rads. These legs can adjust their length accrding t traffic demands and t allw passengers t bard. One f the best elements f this mde f transprt is that it can perate ver existing infrastructure(基础设施) .
Hyperlp
Hyperlp has created a lt f excitement recently and received backing frm many influential peple in the tech wrld. Eln Musk, CEO f Space X, is ne f the main advcates f the hyperlp. He has argued it culd ease traffic in Ls Angeles, US. The hyperlp is a high-speed public transprtatin system in which passengers travel in autnmus electric pds at abut 965 kilmeters per hur. Virgin Hyperlp, a US transprt technlgy cmpany, cnducted its first human trials f a hyperlp system in Nvember 2020.
1. What d we knw abut AerMbil’s AM Next?
A. It will be the wrld’s first flying car.
B. It culd be in use in just 2 years’ time.
C. It can fly a maximum f 800 miles each trip.
D. It can switch between mdes within 3 minutes.
2. What is an advantage f gyrscpic transprt?
A. It can travel either abve r belw grund.
B. It can travel independent f traffic flw n the rads.
C. It’s quicker and cheaper t build than ther vehicles.
D. It can hld mre passengers than ther frms f transprt.
3. What is Eln Musk’s attitude tward the hyperlp?
A. Dubtful.B. Wrried.C. Critical.D. Psitive.
B
Timthy is a 5-year-ld by with autism(自闭症). In Octber f 2018, dctrs tld his parents that he suffered brain tumr(肿瘤).
Tw thieves wh specialized in stealing packages frm peple’s frnt gates had n idea that ne f thse packages cntained a WWE wrestling belt belnging t Timthy. At the time the belt was n the frnt gate f Sergi Mriers’s huse, whse jb was decrating stuff. “Timthy’s father desn’t make a lt f mney. But he wanted t give his sn an amazing gift, and I tld him I wuld d everything fr free. I said, ‘Just ship it ver and I’ll d everything yu want n the belt, and he’ll have the belt f a lifetime.’” He said.
When the belt was taken, Sergi was extremely disturbed, “I want them t knw they tk hpe frm a 5-year-ld by wh is lking frward t that item cming back t him… Yu stle that frm him. Yu brke a child’s heart.” Timthy’s father shared what that belt meant t his sn, “Timthy wuld nt g anywhere withut that belt… Mst kids have balls, while he had a belt.” All hpe was lst.
Then smething unexpected happened. “I saw tw wmen appeared at the gate. They put dwn the bag there. My guard went ver and I realized what was happening. That bag cntained the stlen wrestling belt,” Sergi said. The tw wmen aplgized t Sergi. They said that they were thrwn ut f a friend’s apartment after the friend saw the news reprt f the theft n TV. In fact, they were trying t kick a drug habit. They cried with guilt and shame.
Seeing the returned belt, Timthy’s father said, “It’s ne f thse things yu always hear abut, thse crazy stries abut peple, but yu never think it’ll happen t yurself. I’m still taken aback, t be hnest.”
4. What was Sergi’s riginal intentin?
A. T buy the by a wnderful gift.
B. T beautify the by’s belt fr free.
C. T help the by win a cmpetitin.
D. T earn mney frm decrating the belt.
5. What can be knwn abut the thieves?
A. They were addicted t drug.
B. They were caught by the plice.
C. Their friend reprted them n TV.
D. They were punished by the guard.
6. What did Timthy’s father mean at the end f the stry?
A. He was annyed abut crazy stries.
B. He felt he was cheated by the thieves.
C. He was astnished at the returned belt.
D. He culdn’t believe his stuff was stlen.
7. What is the best title fr the text?
A. A Sick By Wins a Wrestling Belt
B. Caring Peple Shw Lve fr a Kid
C. An Immral Act f Theft Is Revealed
D. Thieves Return Wrestling Belt t the Sick By
C
A 2020 study in the jurnal Science cncluded that marine heat waves have increased mre than 20-fld as a result f climate warming. The authrs fund that in the first decade after satellites began recrding cean temperatures (i.e., after 1981), there were 27 large marine heat waves, with an average duratin f 32 days and an average peak temperature anmaly f 8.5°F; in the 2010s, there were 172, which lasted 48 days n average with an average peak temperature almst 10°F abve nrmal.
Much remains unclear abut marine heat waves. Fr example, explains Nichlas Bnd, research scientist at the University f Washingtn and Washingtn’s state climatlgist, there is the questin f why s many persist fr weeks r mnths. “There must be smething else ging n that helps maintain them,” he says. He ntes that ne explanatin is that as the cean surface warms, it radiates heat int the atmsphere that prevents clud cver frm frming, expsing the seawater t increased sunlight and further warming.
Hwever, enugh is knwn abut marine heat waves fr scientists t be gravely cncerned abut their ptential impacts. Of special nte is the fact that thse impacts can last lng after the heat waves have disappeared. After three years f the Blb, the waters f the nrtheastern Pacific began t cl in 2016; but years later, scientists are still determining the extent t which the regin’s ecsystem is likely t return fully t its pre-Blb status. Similarly, ntes Scannell, wh is a data scientist with Jupiter Intelligence, Inc., fllwing the 2010-11 Western Australia event, “lts f kelp(巨藻) frests died, and it takes literally decades fr thse ecsystems t bunce back”.
Eric Oliver, a scientist frm Dalhusie University in Nva Sctia, Canada, expressed his wn pinin abut the ptential impact f the heat waves in trpical waters. “I think that’s really a tugh issue,” he says. Life in the trpics, he ntes, is adapted t “quite a narrw range f temperatures. S that’s where things can get really messy. We can have cmplete shifts in trpical systems.”
8. What can we infer frm the figures listed in para. 1?
A. The prblem f marine heat waves is becming wrse.
B. The satellites enable scientists t recrd cean temperature precisely.
C. Climate change is the main cause f the marine heat waves.
D. Marine heat waves have been fund by scientists fr abut 30 years.
9. What des the 2nd paragraph mainly talk abut?
A. Varius factrs that lead t marine heat waves.
B. The pssible impacts f a warm cean surface.
C. The pssible reasn why marine heat waves last lng.
D. Scientists’ effrts in explring the causes f heat waves.
10. What d we knw abut the impact f the marine heat waves?
A. The impact will disappear shrtly after the sea water cls.
B. It takes lng befre the ecsystem makes a cmplete recvery.
C. Scientists have knwn enugh t restre the impact.
D The nrtheastern Pacific and Western Australia are the wrst cases.
11. What is Eric Oliver’s attitude twards the heat waves in trpic waters?
A Cncerned.B. Indifferent.C. Dubtful.D. Optimistic.
D
Peple’s ability t remember fades with age — but ne day, researchers might be able t use a simple, drug-free methd t buck this trend.
In a study published n 22 August in Nature Neurscience, Rbert Reinhart, a cgnitive neurscientist at Bstn University in Massachusetts, and his clleagues demnstrate that zapping(刺激) the brains f adults aged ver 65 with weak electrical currents repeatedly ver several days led t memry imprvements that persisted fr up t a mnth.
Using a nn-invasive methd f stimulating the brain knwn as transcranial alternating current stimulatin (TACS), which delivers electrical currents thrugh electrdes n the surface f the scalp, Reinhart’s team cnducted a series f experiments n 150 peple aged between 65 and 88. Participants carried ut a memry task in which they were asked t recall lists f 20 wrds that were read alud by an experimenter. The participants underwent TACS fr the entire duratin f the task, which tk 20 minutes.
After fur cntinuus days f this prtcl, participants wh received high-frequency stimulatin f the drslateral prefrntal crtex(背外侧前额叶皮质) had an imprved ability t remember wrds frm the beginning f the lists, a task that depends n lng-term memry. Lw-frequency zaps t the inferir parietal lbe(顶下小叶) enhanced participants’ recall f items later in the lists, which invlves ‘wrking’ memry — the memry that allws the brain t stre infrmatin temprarily. Participants’ memry perfrmance imprved ver the fur days — and the gains persisted even a mnth later. Thse wh had the lwest levels f general cgnitive functin befre the study experienced the largest memry imprvements.
“I was bth impressed and surprised by this, by this paper,” says Simn Hanslmayr, a cgnitive neurscientist at the University f Glasgw, UK. He ntes that alng with ther scientists, he has been sceptical abut whether TACS can lead t meaningful changes in cgnitin. One issue has been that TACS devices generate electrical currents much weaker than thse created by ther methds f stimulating the brain, s it hasn’t always been clear whether they can transmit enugh electricity t the brain t mdify its functin. Hwever, the authrs f this study cnvincingly shwed that their prtcl was linked t “cnsistent and quite strng imprvements in memry”, Hanslmayr says.
12. What des the underlined wrd “buck” mean in paragraph 1?
A. Operate.B. Destry.C. Fllw.D. Resist.
13. What can we learn abut the experiments?
A. The experiments invlved peple aged ver 65 and yung students with gd memry.
B. Participants were required t recall lists f 20 wrds when they read the wrds alud.
C. Stimulating the inferir parietal lbe with lw-frequency bsted the shrt-term memry.
D. High-frequency stimulatin f the drslateral prefrntal crtex imprved ‘wrking’ memry.
14. Why has Simn Hanslmayr been sceptical abut TACS?
A. The electricity sent by TACS is nt sufficient t guarantee meaningful changes in cgnitin.
B. The peple wh have pr cgnitive functin experienced the least memry imprvements.
C. TACS devices generate electrical currents as weak as thse created by ther methds.
D. TACS devices cannt ensure cnsistent and quite strng imprvements in memry.
15. What is the text mainly abut?
A. TACS can lead t meaningful changes in cgnitin.
B. TACS can help peple with cnditins such as Alzheimer’s disease.
C. Brain stimulatin leads t lng-lasting imprvements in memry.
D. Brain stimulatin benefits thse with pr cgnitive functin mst.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
D yu ften g ut fr shpping? Hw t avid germs (病菌) when shpping in the grcery stre? ____16____.
Firstly, g t the grcery stre bright and early when they’re just pening. This might be yur best ptin. By aviding large grups f peple, ____17____, as the virus is mainly spread thrugh clse cntact with ther peple.
One f the easiest ways t spread the virus is by tuching a cntaminated (被污染的) surface and then tuching yur face, eyes, nse, r muth. ____18____. This is a lt harder than it sunds, because peple tuch their faces mre than 20 times in a single hur. While a mask can help prevent yu frm tuching yur muth and nse, it is strngly recmmended t wear ne.
____19____. This may be as simple as aviding a crwded aisle (过道) and circling back a few minutes later. Since ther shppers might nt be as mindful as yu are abut maintaining scial distance, be plite in yur request that they keep their distance with a plite “excuse me.”
Just as yu’re being thughtful abut yur wn health, be thughtful abut the health f thers, suggests Dr. Larkin. “____20____, see if yu can shp fr them r teach them t use an nline and delivery ptin,” she says. “Be patient and kind with ne anther, especially the wrkers keeping the stres pen and functining — and f curse, if yu are ill, please stay hme and dn’t expse thers.”
A. If yu have an elderly neighbr wh needs help
B. Yu had better stay at hme instead f ging ut
C. Therefre, avid tuching yur face while shpping
D. As a result, yu shuld wear a mask when yu g shpping
E. Mrever, try t maintain a safe, six-ft distance frm ther shppers
F. Befre yu head ut t ne, yu need sme guidelines t ensure yur safety
G. yu decrease yur risk f becming infected
第三部分 英语知识运用（共三节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In mst parts f the wrld a “gd night’s sleep” means mre r less eight hurs withut interruptin. Hwever, the____21____ f an eight­hur sleep is fairly recent.
____22____, histry textbks nly tend t recrd memrable events. Sleep is s____23____ that it isn‟t mentined. Hwever, sme histrians____24____ references t a “first sleep” and a “secnd sleep” in dcuments cvering several centuries and cuntries. The first sleep started after sunset and lasted until arund midnight. Then peple wuld lie____25____ fr a while and chat r pray. Sme neighburs ____26____ used t take the pprtunity t visit each ther between____27____. After a few hurs, they wuld____28____ their secnd sleep, until dawn.
By the time electric lighting was intrduced, the tw­sleep pattern had____29____, fr mst peple had lights and culd stay up late if they wanted t. It’s a_____30_____ we lst the tw­sleep habit because being awake fr a perid at night is beneficial. It_____31_____ the bdy’s natural energy and sleep rhythms and is the perfect time t_____32_____ the day and t take it easy.
The tw­sleep habit used t be quite widespread, but it wasn’t_____33_____. Sleep patterns vary between different cultures. Sme cultures dn‟t have a_____34_____ time fr sleeping. Peple sleep fr shrt perids thrughut the day r night.
Sleep patterns als vary accrding t_____35_____.While lder adults and pre­teens are_____36_____ happy with early mrnings, teenagers have a_____37_____ f staying up late at night and getting up later.
In many mdern families, parents are always_____38_____ that teenagers wn’t get up in the mrnings. Really, it shuldn’t_____39_____. Getting up late isn’t lazy. Maybe we shuld_____40_____ what ur bdy clck is telling us and sleep when ur bdy says it’s tired.
21. A. characterB. endC. resultD. cncept
22. A. NaturallyB. FinallyC. HpefullyD. Casually
23. A. practicalB. cmmnC. imprtantD. cmplex
24. A. drppedB. preferredC. understdD. nticed
25. A. asleepB. alneC. awakeD. angry
26. A. evenB. seldmC. stillD. nly
27. A. flrsB. daysC. matchesD. sleeps
28. A. limitB. haveC. checkD. lse
29. A. develpedB. returnedC. disappearedD. existed
30. A. pityB. blessingC. puzzleD. relief
31. A. evaluatesB. fllwsC. predictsD. prves
32. A. mix withB. belng tC. think abutD. wait fr
33. A. universalB. interestingC. healthyD. regular
34. A. distinctiveB. flexibleC. nrmalD. fixed
35. A. raceB. ageC. spaceD. seasn
36. A. suddenlyB. hardlyC. generallyD. gradually
37. A. fearB. habitC. chanceD. measure
38. A. cmplainingB. persuadingC. hearingD. suspecting
39. A. wrkB. ccurC. lastD. matter
40. A. guessB. reprtC. cnsiderD. risk
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
What makes smething a sprt? Traditinal definitins usually included sme physical activity ___41___ shws athletic ability r strength. But sme sprts can take the frm f mental cmpetitins. Fr instance chess ___42___ (recgnize)as a sprt by the Internatinal Olympic Cmmittee in 1999. Nw, sme peple wnder ___43___ eSprts shuld als be cnsidered sprts.
The wrd eSprts is shrt fr electrnic sprts. It is ___44___ frm f cmpetitin in which prfessinal players r gamers play vide games either in teams r individually. ___45___ (typical), the winners receive prize mney at the end f the cmpetitin.
The first eSprts event was the ne ___46___ (hld)by Stanfrd University in the 1970s, fr the game Spacewar! Over the next 30 years, vide games explded in ___47___ (ppular). Mre and mre cuntries, such as Suth Krea, China and the United States, started t develp eSprts int an industry. In the 2000s, televisin bradcasts f the cmpetitins, ___48___ (feature) games like Street Fighter III, StarCraft, and Cunter-strike, became ppular. In the 2010s, thanks ___49___ nline streaming services, eSprts grew rapidly with mre wrldwide turnaments, mre viewers, and larger ___50___ (prize). In 2020, the industry made mre than US$1 billin fr the first time ever.
第三节 完成句子（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. Bth sides agreed that ur cperatin will be mutually________ (benefit) and will help keep reginal peace.(所给词的适当形式填空)
52. Fr the well-being f the peple in the neighburhd, we argue ________ setting up sprts facilities here.(用适当的词填空)
53. With all the tables ________ (ccupy) in the cafe, I headed fr a fast fd chain nearby. (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. Yu can ask fr help ________ has rich experience in slving this kind f prblem. (用适当的词填空)
55. Ttally ________ (aware) that he was being watched, the thief stle the passenger’s purse as usual. (所给词的适当形式填空)
56. There is n denying that it is gd luck as well as effrts that ________(determine) ne’s success. (所给词的适当形式填空)
57. The match tk nearly three hurs and ________ (interrupt) several times by rain. (所给词的适当形式填空)
58. Althugh peple are skeptical abut it, there is clear evidence ________ this treatment wrks. (用适当的词填空)
59. The by pretended ___________(fall) asleep when his father came back. (所给词的适当形式填空)
60. Cnfucius first set up private schls and received students frm every walk f life withut ________ (cnsider) f their scial status. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
61. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I had a heat discussin yesterday with my friend wh was having an extreme difficult time. I tried t encurage him by pinting ut sme f his achievement, reminding him f the situatins that he had made a difference t s many thers.
Then I received a “Thank yu” message. It was mentined “Hw cme they are always s psitive abut everything?” The answer is easier: I am nt psitive! But helping thers t see the gd in themselves make me fcus n the psitive aspects. It helps me ut f my wn dark hurs, t.
Accept urselves fr what we are can help us t be friendlier with urselves as well thers whm we cmmunicate with every day.
第二节 书面表达（25分）
62. 请你根据对下面这幅漫画的理解，以“Cme back t reality”为题，用英语写一篇作文。你的作文应包括以下内容：
1．简要描述漫画的内容；
2．概述你对这幅图的理解；
3．举例说明你会怎样做。
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