Unit 3 导学案人教版英语八年级上册

这是一份Unit 3 导学案人教版英语八年级上册，共13页。
Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.both adj./pron.两个，两个都(1)both+n复数=both of+the+n复数，指两个都...，后面加动词复数注：both可以直接放在主语之后 如both of them=they both，此外both位于be动词之后，情态动词，实义动词之前E.g.Both students love playing soccer.=Both of the students love playing soccer.=The students both love playing soccer.=Not only that student but also this student loves playing soccer.【典型例题】1)—Which of the hats will you take?—I'll take ________，one for my father，the other for my mother.A. none B．both C．all D．either2)Tara and her sister quiet and they sports.A. both are, like both B. are both, like both C. both are, both like D. are both, both like3)Both of them like sports. (同义句)__________ __________ like sports.both A and B..A和B都...否定：neither A nor B..（动词就近）同义：not only A but also B (动词就近）E.g.Both he and his father have made a big mistake.=Not only he but also his father has made a big mistake.否定：Neither he nor his father has made a big mistake. 【典型例题】John enjoys swimming. Peter enjoys swimming, too.(变同义句) John Peter swimming.better adj.&adv 更好的better是good/well的比较级,可用far, much但不可用more, very修饰。注意：be better at=do better in..更擅长于。。E.g. Everybody else could do better than you.【典型例题】Cindy plays the piano _______, but I play it ______than him.A.good; well B. well; good C. good; better D. well; better 3. 比较级(1)形容词、副词原级用法1）表示二者在性质和程度上相同时，用“as + adj./adv.原级 + as”结构。a. He runs as fast as you. 他跑的和你一样快。2）表示A“不如”B，用A +“not as/so + adj./adv.原级 + as”+B或A+“less + adj./adv.原级 + than”+B结构。a. This picture is not so good as that one. b. He doesn’t write as carefully as his sister. c. He is not as tall as me.=He is shorter than me. =I am taller than him.d. English is not so important as Chinese.=English is less important than Chinese.=Chinese is more important than English.3）“甲+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+乙”表示 “甲是乙的几倍”Tom is three times as old as Kate.（2）形容词、副词比较级用法1）比较级用于两者进行比较，结构为“A +比较级 than B”。2）表示两者之间选择，用“which/who is 比较级，A or B？ 3）“越来越……”用“比较级and 比较级”结构，多音节和部分双音节词用“more and more 原级”。4）表示“越……越……”时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。5）“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two+……”表示“甲是两者中较……的”。6）可以修饰比较级的词：much, a lot, far, a little, a bit, even, still 7）同类事物比较单数和不可数名词用that代替，复数用those代替【典型例题】(1). The weather this Beijing is _______________ (bad) than that in Chongqing. (2). I think Chinese people are _______________(friendly) than Japanese.(3). My dress is longer than ________________ (she). (4). My sister speaks English as ______________(good) as me.(5)English isn’t as easy as history．(改为同义句)English is ___________ ___________ ________ history.(6)—Let’s go shopping at the new mall(商场). —Why not shop online? It’s ___________. A. expensive B. more expensive C. less cheaper D. less expensive (7)The weather in Changsha is much___ than ____ in Shanghai.hot, it B.hotter, weather C.hot, that D.hotter, that4.hard-working/ work hard/ hard workhard-working (adj.) 意为“工作努力的”---more hard-working---most hard-workingSusan is clever and hard-working.work hard 是动词短语，意为“努力工作或学习”，work是动词，hard是副词。I work hard this term.hard work 是名词短语，意为“艰苦的工作”，work是名词，hard是形容词。No one can be successful without hard work.【典型例题】This is __________ and we must _____________ on it.A. hard work; work hard B. a hard work; work hardC. hard work; hard work D. work hard; hard work(2) Tom is a ________ person. He thinks no one can be successful without ____________. A. hard-working; hard work B. hard-working; work hard C. working-hard; hard work D. working-hard; work hard(3) Lucy is more hard-working than lily.(同义句) Lucy works________ _________Lily.5.Whichwhich 用于指人或物，表示一定的范围内的“哪一个”which book is yours，the white one or the black one?Which 引导宾语从句I don’t know which way I should go.I don’t know which way to go.【典型例题】(1)The girl with long hair is my sister. (对划线部分提问)_________ girl is ___________ sister?6.Win-won-winner(n.)Win sth/ the first prize/ the gameBeat sb/ Class One/him【典型例题】—Who ________ the singing competition? —I heard Joe ________ Jill in the competition.won; won     B. beat; won            C. won; beat         D. beat; beat 7.Though做连词，表虽然，尽管，相当于although的用法He still keeps climbing mountains, though it is very dangerous.做副词，表然而，常用于句末Larry is much less hard-working, though.【典型例题】　　they are very tired, they feel happy because they’ve finally finished their project. So B. though C. If D. But8.talented—more talented---most talentedtalent(n. 天赋) have a talent for 有…的天赋be talented in （doing）sth 在…方面有天赋She is talented in playing the piano.【典型例题】The girl is talented _________swimming.A. at B. in C. with D. on(2) You are very ________(talent) in speaking English. 9.carecare about，意为“关心，在意”He cares about the safety of his workers.care for=take care of =look after,意为“照顾，照看”My mum is a nurse. She takes care of the sick people every day.care的词性转换---careful（adj.）---carefully(adv.)The more careful you are ,the fewer mistakes you will make.The more carefully you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.【典型例题】I know Mary _____ me because she always helps me with my homework.A. care for B. care aboutC. take care of D. take car(2) I want to learn more about how _________animals. A. care for B. to care for C. cares for D. cared for10.loudly---more loudly---most loudly(1) loud(adj.) speak in a loud/ low voice Loud (adv.) Speak louder, please. aloud (adv.) “大声地” Read aloud in the morning.(3) loudly（adv.）“喧闹地” Don’t talk loudly in public.【典型例题】The baby is sleeping. Please speak ___________.A. loudly B. quietly C. clearly D. politely(2) They were talking ________there and Susan was not happy. A. loud B. loudly C. aloud D.aloudly 11.laughlaugh at sb 嘲笑某人Don’t laugh at others.Smile at sb 向某人微笑There is a big smile on her face.【典型例题】Don’t______ the people who are in trouble .A. laugh B. laugh at C. laugh for D. smile at 12. seriousserious adj.严肃的；稳重的 a serious problem 一个严肃的问题 be serious about 对...严肃 seriously adv.严肃地 take sth seriously 认真对待某事 be seriously ill 病得严重【典型例题】Mr. Wang is very s________. He never smiles at us.Most kids are most serous than Jeff.(同义句）Jeff is _______ _________ than most kids.13. as long as(1)与...一样长 e.g. This road is as long as that one.(2)只要 e.g. We will play soccer as long as it doesn’t rain.【典型例题】 You may use my room _________ you keep it clean. as well as B.as soon as C.as long as D.as far as只要你及时回来，你就可以出去。（翻译）___________________________________________14. necessaryadj.有必要的 反义：unnecessaryIt’s +necessary+for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是必要的It’s+adj.+for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事是....常用的adj. 有easy,hard,different,important,possible...It’s +adj.+of sb to do sth 某人做某事是...常用的adj.有kind /good/nice/clever等表示人品行【典型例题】(1)It’s necessary ________ us _________(learn) how to behave well at the dinner table. (2)_________is quite easy __________me to finish the job today. A.It；of B.That；of C.It；for D.That；for 15. different adj.不同的be different from 与...不同 e.g. A sheep is different from a goatthe same as... 与...相同 e.g. I have the same book as you.be similar to 与...相似 e.g. My new hair is similar to yours.difference n. 不同，差异 make a difference to sb 对某人产生影响differently adv. 不同地【典型例题】(1)My mother says my friend is similar ______ me, but I think she is different _______me. A.as；from B.to;from C.to;to D.as; to(2)They may describe the same person _____________(different).16. grade n. 成绩/年级 get good grades 取得好成绩 Class Two, Grades Eight 八年级二班【典型例题】(1)杰克在英语上取得了好成绩。（翻译）_________________________________________________(2)Helen studied hard last term and she got excellent__________in her exams.A.gifts B.grades C.rules D.messages17. Should v. 应该 +动词原形 =be supposed to e.g. We should study hard. 否定句：We shouldn’t study hard. 一般疑问句：Should you study hard? 回答：Yes, you should./No,you shouldn’t. 提问：What should you do?【典型例题】(1)I should go now. I_______ _______ now. (变成肯定句）________ you ________ now?(变成一般疑问句） Yes, _______ ______./No, _______ _________. _________ _________ go __________now.(对go提问）I ________ ________ ________ go now?(同义句）18. reachreach“伸手”reach for sth 伸手取某物reach for your hand 伸手帮你一把reach “够得着”Can you reach the book on the shelf?reach “到达”reach sp.=arrive in/at sp.=get to sp.【典型例题】He is tall enough to ___________ the book on the top of the shelf.(够得着)his car broke down on the way. However , he ____________there on time with the help of a policeman.(到达)18. handhand“手”eat with hands 用手吃shake hands with sb 和某人握手on the one hand，on the other hand 一方面…另一方面hand“传递，分发”（hand out）hand in 上交【典型例题】(1)To eat steak, you need to hold a knife in __________ hand, and a fork in __________ __________. (一只…另一只)(2) It’s good manners to eat ___________(用)your right hand when eating in India.19. touch(v.感动；触摸)---touching(adj. 令人感动的)---touched（adj. 感动的）Don’t touch the animal in the zoo.His sad story touched our hearts.【典型例题】(1)—Li Dong, do you know Zhang Jiqing?—Yes. He donated (捐赠) money to build old people’s homes and schools for so many years. His story __________me.A. saved   B. missed           C. touched         D. worried 20. heartput one’s heart into 全心全意投入As long as we put our heart into our study, we will make great progress.learn sth by heart 记住；背诵Reading the new words aloud is a good way to learn them by heart.15. factin fact=actually 事实上【典型例题】David didn’t go to the meeting. ________, he didn’t know the time of the meeting at all.A. At least                B. In fact C. In the end            D. All in all21. break--brokebreak“破；裂；碎；损坏”break the windows 打破窗户break one’s arm/ one’s leg 摔坏手臂、腿break the rules 打破规则break down（机器）出故障My car broke down last night, so I had to walk to work.break into 闯入break“休息”have/ take a breakbroken “破损的”Be careful, the glass is broken.Lisa can’t come to school today because of her broken arm.【典型例题】(1). – Is everyone here today ? -- No . Mark __________ his leg in the basketball game yesterday . A. break B. breaks C. to break D. broke17. share v. 分担，分享，共用，分摊 We don’t have enough books so we have to share.（1）Share sth with sb 与某人共同使用；与某人分享 I share an office with soem other teachers.a good friend is someone you can ________ you pleasure and pain with.break B. touch C. reach D. share和我们分享他的故事（翻译）________________________________________22. 辨析aloud/loud/loudlyloud;aloud;loudly1)、He shut the door with a __________ slam. 2)、John played CDs too ___________, which made his sister angry.3)、Would you read the poem __________?4)、The young woman insisted __________ on her right.5)、Speak_________, I can't hear you. 6)、You can improve your oral English by reading _________every morning. 23. be similar to .... 和...相似My bike is similat to yours.(1)be the same as 和...相同； be different from 和...不同1).my mother says my friend is similar _______ me, but I think she is different ________ me. A.as, from B.to, from C. to, to D.as, to 24. information n. 消息、信息（不可数名词）Can you give me any information about the sapceship?Information/message/news辨析补充短语：Make sb laugh 让某人笑Get better grades 的更高的分Call sb at +电话号码 拨打...的电话As soon as 一...就...As well 也As well as 和， 与...一样As for 关于，至于As ... as possible = as ... as one can 尽可能...As far as I konw 据我所知Bring back 带回来Bring up 教育，培养Bring about/on引起，导致Get/keep/lose in touch with 与...取得联系/与...保持联系/与...失去联系单词词性用法aloudadv“出声地，大声地”，常与read连用，无比较级和最高级loudadj“喧闹的，大声的”，in a loud voice大声地adv“大声地，高声地”，常与speak，laugh，talk等连用，比较级为louderloudlyadv“大声地”暗含嘈杂、喧闹的意思，比较级为more loudly单词词性词义用法information不可数名词信息，消息，资料一般是通过查资料得来的message可数名词留言，口信口头，书面或无线电等多种渠道传递的消息，需要一个中间人news不可数名词消息，新闻指最近发生的一些事情，尤其指报纸，广播或电视渠道等报道的事情A piece of news