2021-2022学年福建省厦门市外国语学校高三上学期期中考试英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2021-2022学年福建省厦门市外国语学校高三上学期期中考试英语试题（含解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37，5分，满分15分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每句所给的ABCD四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If yu suddenly find yurself wrking frm hme r anther remte lcatin, yu're ging t miss thse interactins with ther peple. Vide cnferencing can help by allwing yu t talk face-t-face, even if it is via a screen. Jitsi is ne f thse free vide cnferencing apps yu can use t cnnect.
Jitsi is a set f pen-surce prjects that allws yu t easily build and deply secure videcnferencing slutins. At the heart f Jitsi are Jitsi Videbridge and Jitsi Meet, which let yu have cnferences n the internet, while ther prjects in the cmmunity enable ther features such as audi, dial-in, recrding, and simulcasting.
Jitsi started life as a way t talk t peple ver the internet using audi and vide. Over the curse f a decade, thugh, it's becme s much mre. Tday, Jisi is:
A vibrant develper cmmunity.
First and fremst, Jitsi is a cmmunity f develpers that are pushing the envelpe f vide cnferencing quality n the web.
The fundatin f sme really amazing prducts.
The cmmunity members have develped cuntless prjects and prducts that started with Jitsi cde.
A crazy gd, cmpletely free vide cnferencing slutin that anyne can use.
Jitsi is a favrite videcnferencing slutin fr anyne with privacy cncerns, jurnalists, fr example. There's a reasn s many peple use Jitsi Meet as a Skype alternative fr vide cnferencing.
Unlike ther videcnferencing technlgies, Jitsi Videbridge, the heart f Jitsi, passes everyne’s vide and audi t all participants, rather than mixing them first. Currently, Jitsi supprts a maximum f up t 75 participants per call, althugh perfrmance may suffer with mre than 35. The prject is wrking n “ging beynd 100” participants at nce. The service supprts phne in audi participants in bth the hsted and self-hsted versins. The service supprts screen sharing and has mbile apps fr iPhne and Andrid.
Nw Jitsi has surpassed 10 millin mnthly average users. There are n extra payments t Jitsi, and the prject remains free thanks t 8x8 (a cmpany), which uses the technlgy in its wn prducts.
1．The central services f Jitsi lie in ________.
A．a set f pen-surce prjectsB．wrld's best vide cnferences
C．free features like audi and dial-inD．Jitsi Videbridge and Jitsi Meet
2．Frm the passage, we knw ________.
A．Jitsi helps with the privacy prblem in videcnferencing
B．Jitsi mixes everyne's vide and audi t all participants
C．Jitsi supprts screen sharing in the hsted versin
D．Jitsi wrks n 100 participants at mst right nw
3．Jitsi is a cmpletely free app because ________.
A．it has surpassed 10 millin mnthly average users
B．8x8 uses the technlgy in its wn prducts
C．nly paid apps can ensure users' privacy
D．users have limited access t Jitsi
B
We have learned t expect that trains will be punctual. After years f cnditining (习惯), mst f us have develped an unshakable faith in railway timetables. Ships may be delayed by strms; flights may be cancelled because f bad weather; but trains must be n time. Only an exceptinally heavy snwfall might temprarily dislcate railway services. It is all t easy t blame the railway authrities when smething des g wrng. The truth is that when mistakes ccur, they are mre likely t be urs than theirs.
After cnsulting my railway timetable, I nted with satisfactin that there was an express train t Westhaven. It went direct frm my lcal statin and the jurney lasted a mere hur and seventeen minutes. When I barded the train, I culd nt help nticing that a great many lcal peple gt n as well. At the time, this didn’t strike me as dd. I reflected that there must be a great many peple besides myself wh wished t take advantage f this excellent service. Neither was I surprised when the train stpped at Widley, a tiny statin a few miles alng the line. Even a mighty express train can be held up by signals. But when the train dawdled (慢吞吞地动) at statin after statin, I began t wnder. It suddenly dawned n me that this express was nt raring dwn the line at ninety miles an hur, but barely chugging (咔嚓咔嚓地响) alng at thirty. One hur and seventeen minutes passed and we had nt even cvered half the distance. I asked a passenger if this was the Westhaven Express, but he had nt even heard f it. I determined t ldge a cmplaint as sn as we arrived. Tw hurs later, I was talking angrily t the statin master at Westhaven. When he denied the train’s existence, I brrwed his cpy f the timetable. There was a nte f triumph (胜利) in my vice when I tld him that it was there in black and white. Glancing at it briefly, he tld me t lk again. A tiny asterisk (星号) cnducted me t a ftnte at the bttm f the page. It said: “This service has been suspended.”
4．What is mst peple’s faith in trains?
A．They rarely fail us in their punctuality .
B．They trick passengers fr varius reasns.
C．They are just as reliable as ships and flights.
D．They never cme up t ur expectatins.
5．What des the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 suggest?
A．I wasn’t interested.B．I wasn’t surprised.
C．I was quite annyed.D．I was deeply impressed.
6．Which f the fllwing wrds best describes the authr’s experience?
A．Pleasant.B．Rewarding.
C．Thrilling.D．Disappinting.
7．Wh r what was t blame fr the authr’s taking the “wrng” train?
A．The railway authrities.B．The authr himself.
C．The railway timetable.D．The statin master.
C
While many peple aren't getting enugh calcium, new research cautins that sme peple may have the ppsite prblem: They culd be getting t much. Americans spend mre than $1 billin a year n calcium supplements in hpes f delaying steprsis the brittle bne disease that cripples many elderly wmen and sme men. Yet recent studies link calcium supplements t a higher risk f heart attacks. Last mnth, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Frce issued a draft recmmendatin against taking calcium and vitamin D, saying there wasn't enugh evidence f benefit t justify the risk.
Fr generatins f Americans wh grew up encuraged t drink milk t maintain strng bnes, the reprts raised trubling questins: Is calcium nt s imprtant after all?! Are the supplements unsafe? And hw much is t much? “It's gtten very cnfusing but it desn't need t be,” says Ethel Siris, directr f the Tni Stabile Osteprsis Center in New Yrk. Hw much calcium peple need varies by age and gender.“Adults generally need 1,000 mg daily, rising t 1,200 mg fr wmen ver 50 and men ver 70, accrding t guidelines issued in 2010. Children need 1,300 mg daily during the peak grwing years f 9 t 18.”
Peple als need sufficient levels f vitamin D t absrb the calcium. The IOM recmmends 600 interactinal units a day fr mst adults, and 800 daily after age 70, althugh many physicians recmmend mre. It is difficult t take in that much vitamin D frm fd surces, s experts say many peple shuld take vitamin D in supplement frm.
Getting adequate calcium frm fd is easier. Fr example, 8 unces f milk r 6 unces f ygurt has 300 mg f calcium, and ne cup f spinach has 270 mg.
But studies linking calcium supplements t heart attack have made experts mre cautius f excess calcium than befre. A study f 24,000 Germans published in the jurnal Heart last mnth, fund that thse wh gt their calcium exclusively frm supplements were mre than twice as likely t have a heart attack as thse wh tk n supplements.
Exactly hw calcium supplements might cntribute t heart attacks baffles cardilgists. “Nbdy has assciated the calcium in yur bldstream with calcificatin in yur arteries," says Nieca Gldberg, medical directr f the Jan H. Tisch Center. Still, she says she nw urges patients get their recmmended calcium frm fd than frm supplements t avid pssible prblems.
Osteprsis experts als urge patients nt t take mre than the recmmended amunt f calcium. “Peple shuld definitely stp taking tw big calcium supplements a day,” says Dr. Dawsn-Hughes. Even if the risks remain unclear, taking mre than the bdy can absrb desn't benefit bnes, “s it's nt wrth any risk.” She adds.
8．Accrding t the new studies, taking much calcium might ________.
A．delay agingB．build muscles
C．cause heart prblemsD．cure bne diseases
9．What is Ethel Siris' pinin n taking calcium?
A．Taking calcium supplements is unsafe.
B．Adults need mre calcium than children.
C．Age and gender determine hw much calcium is needed.
D．It is safer t take calcium frm fd than frm supplements.
10．What des the underlined wrd "baffle" in Paragraph 6 mean?
A．InterestB．Amaze
C．FrightenD．Puzzle
11．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Taking tw calcium supplements a day is gd fr health.
B．It might be wiser t take recmmended calcium frm fd.
C．It is easy fr peple t btain enugh Vitamin D frm fd.
D．The benefits f taking calcium supplements utweigh its risks.
D
The wrld’s clcks mark every passing secnd, minute and hur. But t humans, secnds f pain can feel like minutes, and hurs spent at a party can end in a blink.
The brain can stretch r squeeze the feeling f time fr many reasns, including pleasure, pain, fear and age. Althugh the science behind this “subjective time” is nt fully understd, sme research suggests that an additinal factr might influence the subjective length f yur life: yur incme.
Research already suggests that, n average, wealthy peple live lnger, bilgically. Nw, emerging wrk indicates that varied and nvel experiences culd create mre “time cdes (编码)” in the human brain as it prcesses memry frmatin. This, in turn, culd mean that peple wh can affrd t enjy mre vacatins and hbbies, and wh have mre stimulating jbs, will recall having lived fr a lnger time n Earth.
“Even thugh time flies when yu’re having fun, when yu lk back n it, yu can remember much mre f this extended experience cmpared t a bring experience,” says Jrgen Sugar, a pstdctral student at the Nrwegian University f Science and Technlgy's Kavli Institute fr Systems Neurscience. He’s part f a team f scientists investigating these mental time cdes.
The idea that nvelty can affect the experience f time als seems t fit cultures that dn't measure time using clcks — many cultures rely instead n celestial (天空的), cultural and seasnal events t mark the flw f time. “Our experience f time des vary accrding t circumstances, and als accrding t the kind f rhythm f activity we engage in,” says Chris Sinha, a cgnitive (认知) scientist wrking with Hunan University wh has studied s called “event-based time” in Amaznian tribes and linguistic minrity grups in China.
But ther experts aren’t cnvinced. Accrding t Mnica Capri, an ecnmist with a backgrund in neur-ecnmies at Claremnt Graduate University, subjective time isn’t well understd scientifically. Even if higher-paid jbs can lead t mre new experiences, wealthy peple aren’t necessarily spending mney that way. A millinaire, fr instance, may spend mney n a fancy watch, but this isn’t likely t change their feeling f time the way a vacatin r even a lw-cst hike wuld, she says.
What’s mre, she says, there are many factrs t cnsider in hw the brain prcesses time. Fr instance, accrding t Adrian Bejan, a prfessr at Duke University, the nvelty f fun experiences an simply war ff.
Still, researchers frm many fields are eager t uncver the mysteries f memry and subjective time. Accrding t Sugar, understanding hw humans frm and recall memries can affect many aspects f sciety, such as law, educatin and healthcare — and perhaps can even aid ur understanding f urselves. “The human brain is the mst cmplex bilgical system we knw,” he says.
12．What d we knw abut “subjective time” frm the passage?
A．It has nthing t d with ne’s incme.
B．Its pace is influenced by a persn’s md.
C．It is a thing that is cmpletely understd.
D．It marks every passing secnd fr a persn.
13．Hw can incme influence a persn accrding t sme researchers?
A．Wealthy peple tend t engage mre in remembering things.
B．Wealthy peple may feel life is relatively lnger psychlgically.
C．Wealthy peple tend t have a better memry than pr peple.
D．Wealthy peple usually need mre time t prcess memry frmatin.
14．What is Mnica Capra’s pinin?
A．She is nt cnvinced that mney can extend subjective time,
B．She desn’t believe that wealthy peple can buy gd memries.
C．She thinks that the excitement f fun experiences can hardly wear ff.
D．She dubts whether higher-paid jbs can lead t mre new experiences.
15．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．Researchers are explring the mysteries f memry.
B．Many factrs can influence hw yu feel time.
C．Yur subjective time may depend n yur incme.
D．The brain can change yur feeling f time.
第二节 （共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cat behavir can ften be puzzling and cnfusing t humans. 16 Veterinarian Dr Katrina Warren shares her expertise n sme cmmn and strange cat behavirs t help yu understand why yur cat behaves the way it des.
Scratching is a natural behavir fr cats. It’s hw they make their paws sharper. If cats d nt have a suitable surface t scratch, they will chse yur furniture r carpet. T prtect yur furniture, prvide at least tw scratching psts. These psts need t be stable s they dn’t rck r tip ver. 17 Cats tend t scratch when they wake in the mrning, s place ne pst clse t where they sleep.
Cats lve high places, which give them a sense f safety and allw them t watch everything ging belw. 18 And make sure yu have several cat items in frnt f windws s yur cat can lk utside. If yur cat can watch frm high up and see the wrld utside f his hme, he is less likely t climb nt the kitchen cupbard and knck dwn the bwls.
19 They have the surprising ability t tie themselves in knts withut any difficulty. They curl up in uncnventinal beds, like vases, because they have special bnes n the back that allw them t d this. And they take great pride in shwing this t yu cntinuusly.
If cats eat grass, there are several reasns. They may be seeking the nutrients in the grass have an upset stmach, inducing vmiting (催吐). It is nt a prblem if yur cat enjys eating ensure it hasn’t been treated with pesticides. Alternatively, ffer yur cat a pt f clean cat grass t chew, especially indr cats. 20 If yu have any cncerns abut yur cat’s behavir r frequency vmiting, please talk with yur vet.
A．Sleeping psitins f cats are unusual.
B．They need nutrients in the grass mre.
C．Having a rugh surface is als required.
D．This is available frm mst plant gardens.
E．Hwever, there’s ften an explanatin fr their actins.
F．Meanwhile, high places ffer them larger space t jump.
G．Put up several shelves s yur cat can leap frm ne t anther.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30分）
第一节（共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was taking a nap(小睡)when a lud nise wke me. Outside the windw in a parking lt, a car had just backed up int a chain-link fence. The fence bent ut in exactly the 21 f the car’s back end.
A shrt man wearing a shirt unbuttned t 22 his chest gt ut f the car, with a shaven head. I disliked him 23 . After a few secnds f 24 the damage, the man tried t repair that. He first attempted t pull the 25 fence back int place, but it wuldn’t mve. I tk a drink frm the glass, 26 cheering. Then he pulled against the fence’s supprt ple, which bent 27 and was mre likely t recver. But the ple suddenly brke. I laughed ut lud this time. This was 28 . He went back t his car. He must be ging t leave all the 29 behind fr smene else t tidy up.
That, I thught, wuld be the 30 . But he reappeared a few minutes later with sme tls and gt t wrk using them. He fixed the fence, and even imprved it using a supprt bar bught frm a nearby grcery. Nw it wuld be extra 31 , strnger than befre.
This man was actually a 32 fr me, and I was the lazy ne. My 33 assumptins were all abut myself. I wuldn’t fix that fence and wuld 34 . Years later, I still lk ut f my windw at that fence. It still lks new. And it makes me 35 what else that man has made better, and hw I can make myself mre like him.
21．A．shapeB．psitinC．caseD．directin
22．A．cverB．prtectC．exerciseD．expse
23．A．n sightB．n demandC．by accidentD．by cntrast
24．A．witnessingB．handlingC．assessingD．dismissing
25．A．fixedB．ruinedC．stableD．nticeable
26．A．deliberatelyB．immediatelyC．silentlyD．wildly
27．A．slightlyB．easilyC．severelyD．merely
28．A．impressiveB．tughC．ridiculusD．strange
29．A．evidenceB．chasC．structureD．failure
30．A．endB．cstC．planD．waste
31．A．beautifulB．secureC．usefulD．cmplex
32．A．victimB．vlunteerC．mdelD．master
33．A．shallwB．primaryC．unusualD．uncaring
34．A．drp utB．leave ffC．run awayD．turn arund
35．A．predictB．wnderC．dubtD．accept
非选择题部分（共55分）
第二节单句语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）
36．She requested that n ne ________ (tell) f her decisin until the next meeting. (所给词的适当形式填空）
37．Tw factries were clsed in an attempt ________ (cut) csts. (所给词的适当形式填空）
38．It remains t be seen ________ we can put aside differences and fcus n cmmn interests. (用适当的词填空)
39．The ________ (injure) man tried t speak but sn drifted int uncnsciusness. (所给词的适当形式填空）
40．China is a develping scialist cuntry ________ (belng) t the third wrld. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41．The prject was running late wing ________ unfreseen circumstances. (用适当的词填空)
42．D me ________ favr—— can yu feed my cat this weekend? (用适当的词填空)
43．It was recgnized that these ________ (slve)culd nly be temprary. (所给词的适当形式填空）
44．The schl is ________ (legal) respnsible fr yur child’s safety. （所给词的适当形式填空）
45．________ is even mre imprtant is that they d nt make their teachers' duties light enugh. (用适当的词填空)
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46．假定你是学校英文报记者李华，近期你校正在举行创建美丽校园活动，请你以"Beautiful Campus，Better Life" 为题，写一篇新闻稿报道本次活动。
内容包括∶1. 活动目的；2.活动内容∶创建环保与文明校园；3. 师生评价
注意∶1. 词数80左右，标题不计入总词数；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Beautiful Campus, Better Life
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分 25分）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。
With all her big brthers and sisters ff t schl, ur farm became a lnely place fr urthree-year-ld daughter, Becky. She lnged fr playmates. We prmised t buy her a puppy but in the meantime, "pretend" puppies ppped up nearly every day.
I had just finished washing the lunch dishes when the dr slammed and Becky rushed in, cheeks flushed with excitement. "Mama!" she cried," Cme see my new dggy! I gave him water tw times already. He's s thirty!"
I sighed, anther f Becky's dgs.
"Please cme, Mama." She pulled my jeans, her brwn eyes begging, "He's crying—and he can't walk!" "Can't walk?" An unexpected change! All her previus imaginary dgs culd d amazing things such as balancing a ball n the end f its nse and dancing n a tightrpe. Why suddenly a dg that culdn't walk? "All right, hney," I said. By the time I tried t fllw her, Becky had already disappeared int the bushes.
"Where are yu?" I called.
"Over here by the ak stump（橡树桩）. Hurry, Mama!"
I parted the branches and raised my hand against the glare f the sun. A numbing chill （寒战） gripped me.
There she was, sitting n her heels, cradled （抱着）in her lap was the unmistakable head f a wlf!
"Becky," My muth felt dry. "Dn't mve." I stepped clser. Pale-yellw eyes narrwed. Black lips tightened. Duble sets f tw-inch sharp teeth were expsed. Suddenly the wlf trembled. Its teeth clacked, and a painful cry rse frm its thrat.
"It's all right, by,"Becky cmfrted lvingly."Dn't be afraid. That's my mama, and she lves yu, t."
注意∶1. 续写词数应为 150左右;
2. 开头已经给出。
Paragraph 1：
Taking a clser lk, I fund the wlf stuck deep inside the stump.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
With Becky safe in my arms, I ran t ur dctr Brian fr help.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1．D 2．A 3．B
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一款免费的视频会议应用程序Jitsi。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“At the heart f Jitsi are Jitsi Videbridge and Jitsi Meet, which let yu have cnferences n the internet, while ther prjects in the cmmunity enable ther features such as audi, dial-in, recrding, and simulcasting.”(Jitsi的核心是Jitsi videbridge和Jitsi Meet，它们可以让您在互联网上召开会议，而社区中的其他项目可以实现其他功能，如音频、拨号、录音和同步广播。)可知，Jitsi的中心服务位于Jitsi Videbridge和Jitsi Meet。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“A crazy gd, cmpletely free vide cnferencing slutin that anyne can use.”部分第一句“Jitsi is a favrite videcnferencing slutin fr anyne with privacy cncerns, jurnalists, fr example.”(对任何有隐私担忧的人来说，例如记者，Jitsi是一个最受欢迎的视频会议解决方案。)可知，Jitsi有助于解决视频会议中的隐私问题。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“There are n extra payments t Jitsi, and the prject remains free thanks t 8x8 (a cmpany), which uses the technlgy in its wn prducts.”(Jitsi没有额外的付款，由于8x8（一家公司）在自己的产品中使用了这项技术，该项目仍然免费。)可知，Jitsi是一个完全免费的应用程序，因为8x8在自己的产品中使用了这项技术。故选B。
4．A 5．B 6．D 7．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了大家对火车准时有不可动摇的新年，讲述了因为自己的快车晚点之后对服务提出投诉后，发现是自己没有看好火车时间表的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段第二三句“ After years f cnditining (习惯), mst f us have develped an unshakable faith in railway timetables. Ships may be delayed by strms; flights may be cancelled because f bad weather; but trains must be n time. (经过多年的习惯，我们大多数人对铁路时刻表产生了不可动摇的信念。船只可能因风暴而延误；航班可能因天气恶劣而取消；但是火车必须准时)”可知，大多数人对火车的信仰是他们很少在守时方面让我们失望。故选A。
5．词句猜测题。根据划线句前一句“When I barded the train, I culd nt help nticing that a great many lcal peple gt n as well.(当我登上火车时，我禁不住注意到许多当地人也上了车)”和后一句“I reflected that there must be a great many peple besides myself wh wished t take advantage f this excellent service.(我想，除了我自己之外，一定还有很多人希望利用这项出色的服务)”可推知，划线句子说明了我一点也不惊讶。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段第五行句子“ I determined t ldge a cmplaint as sn as we arrived. Tw hurs later, I was talking angrily t the statin master at Westhaven.(我决定一到就提出投诉。两小时后，我正愤怒地与威斯特海文的站长谈话)”可知，这次经历是令作者生气失望的。由此推知，最能描述作者的经历的是：失望。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段最后三句“Glancing at it briefly, he tld me t lk again. A tiny asterisk (星号) cnducted me t a ftnte at the bttm f the page. It said: “This service has been suspended.”(他瞥了一眼，让我再看一眼。一个小小的星号把我带到页面底部的一个脚注。上面写着：“这项服务已经暂停。”)”可知，作者没有看清楚服务说明火车时间表，就默认为这次列车是特快列车。由此推知，作者乘错了火车，该怪作者自己。故选B。
【点睛】阅读理解解题步骤:首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意。因为阅读理解题一般没有标题,所以,速读全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速读的过程中,应尽可能多地捕获信息材料。
其次,细读题材,各个击破,掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读每篇材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息要善于抓住每段的主题句,阅读时,要有较强的针对性,对于捕获到的信息,要做认真分析,仔细推敲,理解透彻,只有这样,针对题目要求,才能做到稳、准。
8．C 9．C 10．D 11．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。最近的研究表明，钙补充剂与心脏病发作的高风险有关。专家们建议人们从食物中摄取推荐的钙，而不是从补充剂中，以避免可能出现的问题。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Yet recent studies link calcium supplements t a higher risk f heart attacks.”(然而，最近的研究表明，钙补充剂与心脏病发作的高风险有关。)可知，根据新的研究，摄入过多的钙可能会导致心脏问题。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段第五句“Hw much calcium peple need varies by age and gender.”(人的钙需求量因年龄和性别而异。)可知，Ethel Siris认为年龄和性别决定了钙的需求量。故选C。
10．词义猜测题。根据第六段第二句“Nbdy has assciated the calcium in yur bldstream with calcificatin in yur arteries”(没有人将血液中的钙与动脉钙化联系起来)和最后一句“Still, she says she nw urges patients get their recmmended calcium frm fd than frm supplements t avid pssible prblems.”(尽管如此，她说她现在还是敦促患者从食物中摄取推荐的钙，而不是从补充剂中，以避免可能出现的问题。)可知，Nieca Gldberg并不确定钙补充剂是否会导致心脏病发作，也就是说心脏病学家并不知道钙补充剂如何导致心脏病发作，所以baffles意为“使困惑”。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据第六段最后一句“Still, she says she nw urges patients get their recmmended calcium frm fd than frm supplements t avid pssible prblems.”(尽管如此，她说她现在还是敦促患者从食物中摄取推荐的钙，而不是从补充剂中，以避免可能出现的问题。)可知，从食物中摄取推荐的钙可能更明智。故选B。
12．B 13．C 14．B 15．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对“主管时间和人类记忆”的探索与研究。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“The brain can stretch r squeeze the feeling f time fr many reasns, including pleasure, pain, fear and age. Althugh the science behind this “subjective time” is nt fully understd, sme research suggests that an additinal factr might influence the subjective length f yur life: yur incme.(大脑会因为许多原因而延长或挤压时间的感觉，包括快乐、痛苦、恐惧和年龄。虽然这种“主观时间”背后的科学原理还没有被完全理解，但一些研究表明，还有一个额外的因素可能会影响你的主观寿命：你的收入)”可知，“主观时间”的节奏受人的情绪影响。故选B项。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段“Research already suggests that, n average, wealthy peple live lnger, bilgically. Nw, emerging wrk indicates that varied and nvel experiences culd create mre “time cdes (编码)” in the human brain as it prcesses memry frmatin. This, in turn, culd mean that peple wh can affrd t enjy mre vacatins and hbbies, and wh have mre stimulating jbs, will recall having lived fr a lnger time n Earth. (研究已经表明，从生物学角度来看，富人平均寿命更长。现在，新的研究表明，在人脑处理记忆形成的过程中，各种各样的新奇经历可以创造出更多的“时间代码”。反过来，这可能意味着，那些有能力享受更多假期和爱好的人，以及拥有更多刺激工作的人，将回忆起在地球上生活的时间更长)”可知，根据一些研究人员的说法，富人往往比穷人有更好的回忆。故选C项。
14．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“A millinaire fr instance may spend mney n a fancy watch, but this isn't likely t change their feeling f time the way a vacatin r even a lw-cst hike wuld.(例如，百万富翁可能会花钱买一块漂亮的手表，但这不太可能像度假甚至是一次低成本的徒步旅行那样改变他们对时间的感觉)”可知，Mnica Capra不相信有钱人可以买到美好的回忆。故选B项。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文以及文章最后一段“Still researchers frm many, fields are eager t uncver the mysteries f memry and subjective time.(尽管如此，许多领域的研究人员仍渴望揭开记忆和主观时间的奥秘)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍的是研究人员正在探索记忆的奥秘。故选A项。
16．E 17．C 18．G 19．A 20．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于猫咪一些常见和奇怪行为的专业知识。
【详解】1.根据上文“Cat behavir can ften be puzzling and cnfusing t humans.”(猫的行为常常令人费解和困惑。)，结合下文“Veterinarian Dr Katrina Warren shares her expertise n sme cmmn and strange cat behavirs t help yu understand why yur cat behaves the way it des.”(兽医Katrina Warren博士分享了她关于一些常见的和奇怪的猫咪行为的专业知识，以此来帮助你理解为什么你的猫咪会有这样的行为。)可知，猫的行为虽然常常令人费解，但是兽医Katrina Warren博士分享了一些专业知识帮助你理解猫咪的这些行为，由此可以推断出空处应该是承上启下，虽然猫的行为看似令人费解，但是它们的行为却能够被解释，E选项“Hwever, there’s ften an explanatin fr their actins.”(然而，它们的行为通常都有原因的。)符合，承上启下，故选E。
2.根据上文“T prtect yur furniture, prvide at least tw scratching psts. These psts need t be stable s they dn’t rck r tip ver.”(为了保护你的家具，至少提供两个划痕桩。这些桩子需要稳固，这样它们才不会摇晃或翻倒。)可知，为了保护家具，要给猫准备划痕桩，桩子需要稳固，这是对桩子的一些具体要求，C选项“Having a rugh surface is als required.”(表面粗糙也是必要的。)也是对桩子的一些具体要求，与上句是并列关系，故选C。
3.根据上文“Cats lve high places, which give them a sense f safety and allw them t watch everything ging belw.”(猫喜欢高处，这给了它们一种安全感，让它们可以看到下面的一切。)可知，猫喜欢高处，所以可以推断出空处应该是介绍要满足猫喜欢高处的一些具体做法，G选项“Put up several shelves s yur cat can leap frm ne t anther.”(放几个架子，这样你的猫就可以从一个架子跳到另一个架子上。)符合，承接上文，故选G。
4.根据下文“They have the surprising ability t tie themselves in knts withut any difficulty. They curl up in uncnventinal beds, like vases, because they have special bnes n the back that allw them t d this. And they take great pride in shwing this t yu cntinuusly.”(它们有惊人的能力毫不费力地把自己打成结。它们蜷缩在非常规的床上，就像花瓶一样，因为它们背上有特殊的骨头，能让它们这样做。它们会非常自豪地不断向你们展示这个。)可知，本段主要讲了猫睡觉时会有一些不寻常的姿势，空处位于段首，引起下文，A选项“Sleeping psitins f cats are unusual.”(猫睡觉的姿势很不寻常。)符合，概括了本段内容，故选A。
5.根据上文“Alternatively, ffer yur cat a pt f clean cat grass t chew, especially indr cats.”(或者，给你的猫一罐干净的猫草来咀嚼，尤其是室内的猫。)可知，要给你的猫准备一些猫草来咀嚼，D选项“This is available frm mst plant gardens.”(大多数植物园都有这种植物。)具体介绍了猫草获取的途径，承接上文，故选D。
21．A 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．B 26．C 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．B 32．C 33．A 34．C 35．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从窗外看到一个“粗俗”的男人撞坏停车场铁丝网围栏，原以为他会弃之不理，他却将围栏修得比之前还好。作者为自己的肤浅揣测感到惭愧并想向那个人学习。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：栅栏弯曲出来的形状和汽车的后端完全一样。A. shape形状；B. psitin位置，职位；C. case情况，案例；D. directin方向。根据前文“ car had just backed up int a chain-link fence.一辆汽车倒车时刚好撞到链条围栏上”，可知男人倒车时汽车将围栏撞出了和汽车尾部形状一样的痕迹。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个矮个子光头男人下了车，衬衫没扣纽扣，袒露着胸膛。A. cver遮盖，覆盖；B. prtect保护；C. exercise练习；D. expse使暴露；使接触。根据空格前“wearing a shirt unbuttned穿一件没扣纽扣的衬衫”，可知男人此时是露出胸膛的。故选D。
23．考查短语辨析。句意：一看到他，我就不喜欢。A. n sight 一看到……就；B. n demand按要求，一经要求；C. by accident偶然地，意外地；D. by cntrast相比之下，相比较。根据上文“A shrt man wearing a shirt unbuttned t 2 his chest gt ut f the car, with a shaven head.一个矮个子光头男人下了车，衬衫没扣纽扣，袒露着胸膛”，可知作者一看到男人这样邋遢的形象就不会喜欢。故选A。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几秒钟的损坏评估后，这名男子试图修复它。A. witnessing目睹，见证；B. handling处理；C. assessing评估；D. dismissing解雇，解散。根据下文中的“ tried尝试”和“attempted t pull 试图拉”，可知他用几秒钟评估了围栏的损坏程度。故选C。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，他试图把被毁坏的栅栏拉回原位，但它一动不动。A. fixed固定的；B. ruined毁坏的；C. stable稳定的；C. nticeable引人瞩目的。根据第一段中“... a car had just backed up int a chain-link fence. 一辆汽车倒车时刚好撞到链条围栏上”，可知此时围栏已经被毁坏了。故选B。
26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我从杯子里喝了一口水，暗自窃喜着。A. deliberately故意地；B. immediately立即地；C. silently默默地；D. wildly野蛮地，粗暴地。根据下文“I laughed ut lud this time. 这次我大声的笑了出来”可知，作者看到自己一眼看上去就不喜欢的男人受挫，便不禁幸灾乐祸，暗自窃喜。故选C。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后他拉住篱笆的支撑杆，它稍微弯曲，比较有可能被修复。A. slightly略微，稍微地；B. easily容易地；C. severely严重地，严厉地；D. merely仅仅，只不过。根据空格后“ mre likely t recver.更有可能恢复”，可知，支撑杆稍微有点弯曲。故选A。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这太可笑了。A.impressive令人赞叹的；给人深刻印象的；B. tugh棘手的，艰难的；C. ridiculus荒谬的，可笑的；D. strange奇怪的，陌生的。根据前一句“I laughed ut lud this time. 这次我大声的笑了出来”，可知作者认为这是可笑的。故选C。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一定会把所有的混乱都留给别人来收拾一下。A. evidence证据；B. chas混乱；C. structure结构，构造；D. failure失败。根据上文“But the ple suddenly brke.支撑杆断了 ”可知作者认为这个男人一定会放弃修复栏杆，把混乱的现场留给别人整理。故选B。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，那就结束了。A. end 结束；B. cst成本，代价；C. plan计划；D. waste浪费，垃圾。根据后一句“But he reappeared a few minutes later with sme tls and gt t wrk using them. 但几分钟后，他带着一些工具再次出现了，并开始使用它们”可知，作者看到男人受挫两次之后以为他会放弃，没想到他会再次开始。故选A。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在它会比以前更稳固，比以前更结实。A. beautiful漂亮的；B. secure牢固的，稳固的，安全的；C. useful有用的；D. cmplex复杂的。根据前一句“He fixed the fence, and even imprved it using a supprt bar bught frm a nearby grcery.他修复了栅栏，甚至用从附近一家杂货店买来的支撑杆进行了改进 ”可知，经过修复后的围栏更加牢固结实。故选B。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个人实际上是我的榜样，我才十个懒惰的人。A. victim受害者；B. vlunteer志愿者；C. mdel模范，典型；D. master主人。根据文章最后一句“ I can make myself mre like him我怎样才能让自己更像他”可知，作者想向这个男人学习，故把他当做自己的榜样。故选C。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我那肤浅的猜测其实都是我自己的样子。A. shallw浅显的，肤浅的；B. primary主要的；C. unusual不寻常的；D. uncaring冷漠的，无同情心的。根据前文“He must be ging t leave all the 9 behind fr smene else t tidy up.他一定会把所有的混乱都留给别人来收拾一下 ” 以及前一句“This man was actually a 12 fr me, and I was the lazy ne. 这个人实际上是我的榜样，我才十个懒惰的人”可知，作者发现自己对这个男人的猜测都是肤浅的。故选A。
34．考查短语辨析。句意：我不会修好栅栏，还会逃跑。A. drp ut退出，辍学；B. leave ff停止，戒除；C. run away逃跑；C. turn arund转身。根据前一句“My 13 assumptins were all abut myself. 我那肤浅的猜测其实都是我自己的样子”可知，作者发现自己之所以对男人有那样的猜想，是因为自己本身才是这样会逃跑的人。故选C。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我想知道，那个人还使其他什么变得更美好，以及我怎样才能变得更像他呢。A. predict预言，预测；B. wnder想知道；C. dubt怀疑；D. accept接纳，接受。根据前句“Years later, I still lk ut f my windw at that fence. It still lks new.多年后，我仍然看着窗外的围栏。我看起来仍然是新的 ”可知，作者忍不住想那个人还做了其他什么好事。故选B。
36．shuld be tld## be tld
【详解】考查被动语态及虚拟。句意：她要求在下次会议之前不要把她的决定告诉任何人。分析句子结构可知，request后的宾语从句使用（shuld）+动词原形的虚拟结构，而结合句意可知，n ne 和tell 之间为被动语态。故填shuld be tld或be tld。
37．t cut
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了降低成本，两家工厂关闭了。短语in an attempt t d“试图做……”，故填t cut。
38．whether
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们能否抛开分歧，关注共同利益还有待观察。分析句子结构可知，本句使用了it 充当形式主语，结合句意使用whether引导的主语从句作真正的主语，故填whether。
39．injured
【详解】考查形容词。句意：受伤的人试图说话，但很快就失去了知觉。分析句子可知名词man缺少定语，因此空格处需要将括号内的动词“injure v.使受伤；伤害”变为形容词形式。故填injured。
40．belnging
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国是一个发展中的社会主义国家，属于第三世界。分析句子结构可知，句中已有一个谓语动词且没有连接词，此处使用非谓语动词，cuntry与belng之间为主动关系，使用现在分词作后置定语，故填belnging。
41．t
【详解】考查介词。句意：由于不可预见的情况，该项目推迟了。固定短语wing t“由于”符合句意，故填t。
42．a
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：帮我个忙，这个周末你能喂我的猫吗？d sb. a favr是固定短语，意为“帮某人一个忙”，因此空格处是冠词a，故填a。
43．slutins
【详解】考查名词。句意：人们认识到这些解决方法只能是暂时的。分析句子结构可知，these后要使用名词复数在从句中作主语，故填slutins。
44．legally
【详解】考查副词。句意：学校对你孩子的安全负有法律责任。修饰动词短语is respnsible fr，需用副词作状语。故填legally。
45．What
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：更重要的是，他们没有充分减轻教师的职责。分析句子结构可知，此处使用了主语从句，连接词在从句中充当主语，结合句意可知，使用连接词what符合句意，位于句首首字母注意大写，故填What。
46． Beautiful Campus, Better Life
These days, ur schl launched a campaign named Beautiful Campus, Better Life, aiming t create a better campus.
The students were required nt t litter arund, waste fd r smke. Many psters which called n the students t behave well, mind their wn manners and keep the envirnment clean were put up n the campus.
The students and teachers thught highly f the campaign. They thught it was helpful in building a mre beautiful and attractive campus and an attractive campus can help make a psitive and inspiring learning envirnment and as a result, imprve the students’ academic perfrmance.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于新闻稿，要求考生以“Beautiful Campus，Better Life”为题，报道学校正在举行的创建美丽校园活动。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
发起：launch→initiate
要求：require→demand
有益的：helpful→beneficial
鼓舞人心的：inspiring→encuraging
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：These days, ur schl launched a campaign named Beautiful Campus, Better Life, aiming t create a better campus.
拓展句：These days, ur schl launched a campaign named Beautiful Campus, Better Life, whse aim was t create a better campus.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Many psters which called n the students t behave well, mind their wn manners and keep the envirnment clean were put up n the campus.（运用了which引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]
They thught it was helpful in building a mre beautiful and attractive campus and an attractive campus can help make a psitive and inspiring learning envirnment and as a result, imprve the students’ academic perfrmance.（运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略连接词that）
47．Paragraph 1：
Taking a clser lk, I fund the wlf stuck deep inside the stump. Cncerned abut Becky's safety, I gathered all the strength t step a bit clser, sensing the wlf seemed t be seriusly injured. Becky was still cradling his head in her lap, her tiny hands strking his head."Hney," My thrat tightened ."Put his head dwn and cme t Mama. Maybe he needs ur dctr's help." Reluctantly, Becky std up and kissed the wlf n the nse befre she walked slwly int my utstretched arms.
Paragraph 2：
With Becky safe in my arms, I ran t ur dctr Brian fr help. Hardly had he carried the medicine bx when we rushed back t the ak stump. The wlf's head sank t the grund, sad yellw eyes lking at us. Having pulled the massive bdy ut f the stump, Brian cleaned the wunds and then gave him careful treatment. Becky kneeled dwn and tended t the wlf tgether with Brian. Appearing t be feeling better, the wlf slwly raised his head and gave a gentle kiss t Becky's hand as if t express thanks. What a warm scene!
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者三岁的女儿贝基在哥哥姐姐们都上学去了后会假想出一条狗来陪她玩儿，一天，作者女儿又玩起了这个游戏，结果作者发现Becky抱着的是一只狼。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“仔细一看，我发现狼卡在树桩的深处。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现狼受伤和作者把女儿叫过来。
②由第二段首句内容“贝基安全的躺在我的怀里，我跑到布赖恩医生那里寻求帮助。”可知，第二段可描写布赖恩给狼治疗。
2.续写线索：走近狼——站起来——拉出狼——照料狼
3.词汇激活
行为类
①走近：step clser/draw near
②站起来：stand up/rise t ne's feet
③拉：pull/drag
④照料：tend t/lk after
情绪类
①不情愿地：reluctantly/unwillingly
②忧伤的：sad/dlrus
【点睛】[高分句型1]Cncerned abut Becky's safety, I gathered all the strength t step a bit clser, sensing the wlf seemed t be seriusly injured.（现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]Hardly had he carried the medicine bx when we rushed back t the ak stump.（部分倒装句）