2021-2022学年福建省厦门市双十中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2021-2022学年福建省厦门市双十中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分 50分）， 17等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第二部分∶阅读理解（共 20小题;每小题 2.5分，满分 50分）
第一节 （共 15 小题;每小题 2.5分，满分 37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Attractins fr Kids with Dinsaur Fever
While there are plenty f mvies and bks that can teach yur little ne all abut dinsaurs, the fllwing children's attractins will allw them t cme face-t-face with their favrite dinsaurs and learn in an interactive, fun envirnment.
1. Dinsaurs Alive at Cedar Pint
Sandusky, OH
See the “age f dinsaurs” cme t life with interactive exhibits based n real fssil evidence. At the Dinsaurs Alive sectin f Cedar Pint park, visitrs can walk amng mre than 50 life-sized dinsaurs which mve and rar. See these gigantic lizards up clse and learn mre abut the mst fearsme perid f the earth's histry.
2. The Chicag Children's Museum
Chicag, IL
The Chicag Children's Museum is filled with plenty f activities fr kids f all ages, but ne f the clest has t be the Dinsaur Exhibitin. At this exhibit, children can spend time digging fr dinsaur bnes at an excavatin site, lking at dinsaur fssils, and learning what life is like fr real archaelgists.
3. Carnegie Museum f Natural Histry
Pittsburgh, PA
In additin t plenty f exhibits abut wildlife, the Carnegie Museum f Natural Histry has ne f the finest dinsaur fssil cllectins in the wrld. Visitrs can see experts wrk with real dinsaur fssils in the PaleLab. Make sure t snap a pht in frnt f Dippy, the scarf-lving dinsaur guarding the frnt f the museum!
4. The Children's Museum f Indianaplis
Indianaplis, IN
Frm the dinsaurs explding ut f the side f the building t the fssils within, the Children's Museum f Indianaplis is filled with fun things t d. Kids can tuch a real T-rex bne and see recnstructed dinsaur skeletns up clse.
1．Wh are the attractins mainly intended fr?
A．Archaelgists.B．Parents.
C．Children.D．Vlunteers.
2．In which museum can visitrs dig fr dinsaur bnes?
A．Dinsaurs Alive at Cedar Pint.
B．The Chicag Children's Museum.
C．Carnegie Museum f Natural Histry.
D．The Children's Museum f Indianaplis.
3．What are visitrs advised t d in Pittsburgh, PA?
A．Tuch a real T-rex bne.
B．Take a pht in frnt f Dippy.
C．See recnstructed dinsaur skeletns.
D．See experts wrk with real dinsaur fssils.
B
In Shakespeare’s HAMLET, Plnius asks the prince, “What are yu reading, my Lrd?” Hamlet replies, “Wrds, wrds, wrds.” Either, as is likely, Hamlet wasn’t interested in what he was reading, r, less likely, he didn’t understand the wrds he was reading. In this case, Plnius shuld have lent Hamlet a gd dictinary.
Dictinaries are essential tls fr peple wh like t read. There are s many wrds in English that even the mst educated persn will smetimes meet an unfamiliar wrd and have t lk it up. Languages keep changing, t, with new wrds cnstantly being added and new meanings being applied t ld wrds. Fr example, the 12th editin f Xinhua Dictinary, the mst ppular dictinary in China, has added new wrds such as “chu xin” “fen si” “er wei ma” etc. As fr new meanings, “girl” nce meant “a small child f either sex”. And “naughty” didn’t mean yu were “enjying playing tricks”; it meant yu were pr.
A printed dictinary can’t keep pace with all the changes, which is why mst dictinaries have websites and apps t help yu keep up-t-date. Hwever, I still prefer printed dictinaries because they give yu mre definitins and mre examples f hw a wrd is used. Even a simple wrd, such as “set”, has 430 meanings (the mst f English wrds) but an nline dictinary wuld nly ffer tw r three. A printed dictinary als gives yu the pprtunity t discver new wrds as yu run yur finger dwn the page lking fr the wrd yu want.
There is n “fficial” English dictinary, but the Oxfrd English Dictinary is cnsidered t be the best. Fr English language learners, hwever, I wuld recmmend the Cllins COBUILD Dictinary fr Advanced Learners. Hamlet, by the way, was Danish and a cllege student. He wuld have appreciated the Cllins Dictinary t help himself with his wrds, wrds, wrds. This dictinary has ver 40,000 wrds and gives yu full-sentence definitins with gd examples f hw wrds are used.
4．What’s the functin f paragraph 1?
A．T intrduce the tpic.
B．T let the readers knw mre abut HAMLET.
C．T aruse readers’ interest in Shakespeare.
D．T explain when it’s necessary t use a dictinary.
5．Why des the authr mentin “girl” in paragraph 2?
A．T shw hw pwerful Xinhua Dictinary is.
B．T supprt the idea: languages keep changing.
C．T prve new wrds are being added t dictinaries.
D．T imply “girl” als means “by” in sme cases.
6．What’s the authr’s attitude t printed dictinaries?
A．Favrable.B．Ambiguus.C．Negative.D．Critical.
7．What’s the authr’s purpse f writing the last paragraph?
A．T intrduce the histry f dictinaries.
B．T call n learners t use dictinaries.
C．T recmmend Cllins Dictinary.
D．T explain why Hamlet likes Cllins.
C
"The really frightening thing abut middle age,"the actr Dris Day is said t have jked, “is that yu knw yu’ll grw ut f it."We may bravely try t claim that life begins at 40-but fr many peple, it can feel mre like the beginning f the end.
Mid life wasn't always seen this way. It isn’t clear why we have a mre negative view tday, but Margie Lachman, directr f the lifespan develpment lab at Brandeis University in Massachusetts, suggests it may be linked t the pressures that begin piling up in ur 30s. “Midlife is a perid f high stress tday, mre s than in the past,"she says." One is exactly in the middle f wrk and family careers. This can affect ne's ability t fcus r ne's wn well-being."
There are, hwever, many reasns t feel psitive abut this crucial perid. In a series f experiments, Laura Germine at Harvard Medical Schl has tested tens f thusands f peple t examine the differences in cgnitive abilities between age grups. Germine's studies have included the famus "mind in the eyes" test, fr instance, which gets peple t infer emtinal states frm small differences in facial expressins. She fund that peple n their late 40s scred highest. This may be due t practice, she suggests."When yu think abut the amunt f scial differences that ne has t learn acrss the lifespan— that's where we think that cmes frm.'
Germine fund similar patterns in a task demanding cntinuus attentin. In this, the participants had t watch different scenes fade int ne anther and adapt their respnse accrding t what they saw—pressing a buttn when they saw a city and releasing it when they saw a muntain. 40-smethings fund it much easier t "get int the zne than yunger peple.
It is interesting t nte that middle-aged peple frequently bring in the mst supplies in traditinal hunter-gatherer scieties. Accrding t varius studies, hunter-gatherers ften take decades t learn their skills, and these abilities cntinue t grw int their 40s.
There are sme dwnsides t hitting this age, f curse. Our skin tends t becme lse and ur bdy fat starts t be redistributed arund the midriff. But after a drp in life satisfactin, happiness is already set t rise at the end f this decade and the beginning f the next.
Cntrary t ppular pinin, humans seem t have evlved t flurish int middle age and beynd.
8．What can we infer frm the first paragraph?
A．Dris Day felt excited in her 40s.B．It's believed that life begins at 40.
C．Lts f peple feel wrried at 40.D．We are suppsed t be braver at 40.
9．Which f the fllwings is TRUE accrding t the text?
A．Peple in their 40s attach mre imprtance t their well-being.
B．There seem t be reasns fr us t be ptimistic abut middle age.
C．The participants in their 40s did badly in Germine's experiments.
D．Humans' physical appearance definitely gets wrse in their40s.
10．The underlined wrd "flurish" in the last paragraph is clsest in meaning t
A．PrsperB．Panic
C．CntinueD．Decline
11．Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A．A textbkB．An art review.
C．A science magazine.D．A bigraphy.
D
If yu have ever tried t catch a resting butterfly, yu knw it is surprisingly difficult. A new study helps explain why.
Previus research had suggested that a butterfly's verhead wing clap frces the insect frward. Researchers thught the wing clap likely frmed a pcket f air that shts ut like a jet. But n ne had tested that until nw.
T analyze their flight, they placed six butterflies ne at a time inside a wind tunnel which was filled with smke and then used a laser t light up the smke just behind the butterfly. Fur high-speed cameras were placed in the tunnel t take phts f the mvement f the butterfly and the smke as the butterfly was taking ff. This let the researchers create a 3D picture f that air mvement as the insect flapped its wings.
They analyzed a ttal f 25 takeffs by six butterflies. Each included up t three wingbeats after takeff. The butterflies prved mre likely t clap their wings tgether during the first few wingbeats than later in flight.
The phts shw that frces created by the wings give rise t a flight path. The butterflies rise as their wings mve dwn and sht frward as their wings mve up. A wing clap n takeff, paired with a quick turn, allwed the butterflies t fly away quickly. They als nticed the wings frmed an air pcket just befre clapping and that the wings' flexibility and this pcket imprved the jet frce created by the clap.
“The study is exalting,” says Aydeji Bde-Oke, a mechanical engineer in Charlttesville. That means “we have slved the lngtime puzzle abut hw butterflies fly, and it prves nthing is impssible n the rad f scientific research. I can't wait t learn abut hw the study might infrm designs fr small flying vehicles.”
12．Why was laser used in the experiment?
A．T frighten the butterflies int flying.B．T help researchers bserve the butterflies.
C．T help take clear phts f air mvement.D．T guide the butterflies thrugh the smke.
13．What is the finding f the research accrding t paragraph 5?
A．Butterflies fly frward as wings mve dwn.
B．An air pcket frms after butterflies clap wings.
C．Butterflies beat wings three times befre taking ff.
D．Upward wing mvements help butterflies fly frward.
14．What des the underlined wrd “exalting" in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A．Puzzling.B．Exciting.C．Simple.D．Impssible.
15．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．Why Can Butterflies Fly Like a Jet?B．Hw Can Butterflies Make Wing Claps?
C．Hw Can Butterflies Make Quick Turns?D．Why Can Butterflies Run Away Quickly?
第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分12.5分）
根短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Trpical Rainfrest
Trpical rainfrests are a wrld like nne ther. 16 Unparalleled in terms f their bilgical diversity, trpical rainfrests are a natural reservir f genetic diversity. They ffer a rich surce f medicinal plants and ther useful frest prducts. They are an imprtant habitat fr migratry animals and preserve as much as 50 percent f the species n earth, as well as a number f diverse and unique riginating cultures. Trpical rainfrests play an elemental rle in regulating glbal weather in additin t maintaining regular rainfall, while buffering(缓冲)against flds, drughts,and sil ersin (腐蚀). 17
Despite their mnumental rle, trpical frests are restricted t the small land area between the latitudes 22.5 degrees nrth and 22.5 degrees suth f equatr. The majrity f the earth's land is lcated nrth f the trpics. 18
Trpical rainfrests are a scarce resurce in the 21st century. What ever carpeted the earth’s land surface a mere five generatins ag has been reduced t scattered fragments(碎片); tday, mre than tw-thirds f the wrld's trpical rainfrests exist as fragmented remainings. 19 Over half f this frest lies in Brazil, which hlds abut ne-third f the wrld's remaining trpical rainfrests. Anther 20 percent f the wrld's remaining rainfrests exists in Indnesia and Cng Basin, while the balance f the wrld's rainfrests are scattered arund the glbe, in trpical regins
20 It is based rughly n fur frested cntinental regins: the Ethipian r Afrtrpical, the Australasian r Australian, the Oriental r Indmalayan Asian, and the Netrpical.
A．They take in adequate fresh water and xygen.
B．In that case, new rain frests are seen t be discvered.
C．Their glbal distributin can be brken up int fur bigegraphical areas.
D．Their imprtance t the glbal ecsystem and human existence is vital.
E．As a cnsequence, rainfrests are naturally limited t a relatively small area.
F．They stre vast quantities f carbn while prducing a significant amunt f the wrld’s xygen.
G．The largest unbrken stretch f rainfrest is fund in the Amazn river basin f Suth America.
第三部分 语言知识应用
第一节 完型填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
My heart was punding as I climbed nt the Schl bus n the first day f middle schl. I 21 my backpack as I lked fr a place t sit. My eyes 22 n tw girls sitting next t each ther. They smiled at me and 23 the seat next t theirs.
“Hey!” the blnd said. “My name is Heather. What's yurs?”
“Rachel…” I said nervusly. Nrmally I'm nt 24 , but I barely knew anyne and was anxius t make new friends.
“Nice t meet yu,” said the brunette (深褐色头发的女子) .“My name's Jessica.”
I sat dwn n the seat and 25 the girls. I lked at my Cnverse All Stars and frwned. Why hadn’t I wrn mre stylish shes?
It turned ut we had first perid tgether and we became friends. But ur friendship wasn’t withut its 26
Jessica made Heather and me laugh. She was very 27 and we’d g t her fr make-up and clthing advice. 28 she had an "I’ m-the-bss, persnality that demanded attentin.
She always had t be 29 . Once the three f us went t the mall. I ended up spending fifty dllars n a skirt that I didn’t even 30 just t make Jessica happy.
As time went n, I fund I was behaving as a pretend 31 f myself just t please Jessica and t keep her frm being mad at me. She 32 was; different when I was arund ther peple, when in truth I was being myself. I was always afraid she’d get mad at me fr saying smething that I wuldn’t 33 think twice abut.
I smetimes 34 what real friends shuld be like. Shuldn’t they be there fr yu thrugh the tughest times? Shuldn’t they 35 wh yu are and encurage yu t be yurself, rather than asking yu t be wh they Want yu t be just t please them?
21．A．threwB．drppedC．adjustedD．pened
22．A．landedB．tkC．spiedD．built
23．A．ccupiedB．pattedC．reservedD．abandned
24．A．nisyB．shyC．ignrantD．elegant
25．A．cveredB．addressedC．encunteredD．faced
26．A．faultsB．causesC．surprisesD．benefits
27．A．inncentB．ambitiusC．fashinableD．generus
28．A．SB．OrC．AndD．But
29．A．n businessB．in chargeC．at wrkD．under pressure
30．A．knwB．mentinC．likeD．smth
31．A．sessinB．cnversatinC．prductinD．versin
32．A．cmplainedB．rememberedC．ensuredD．anticipated
33．A．suddenlyB．nrmallyC．desperatelyD．guiltily
34．A．wnderB．dubtC．blameD．predict
35．A．imagineB．describeC．respectD．evaluate
第二节 单句语法填空（共15题，每小题1分，共15题）
36．I am lking fr a bk________ (cncern) Chinese histry.（所给词的适当形式填空）
37．It’s time yu ________ (settle) yur dispute with him. （所给词的适当形式填空）
38．This war has caused widespread human ________ (suffer). （所给词的适当形式填空）
39．Children ften behave badly ut f________ (ignre). （所给词的适当形式填空）
40．He had blundered int the table, ________ (upset) the flwers. （所给词的适当形式填空）
41．What did he ________ (actual) say? （所给词的适当形式填空）
42．The plice demanded a detailed ________ (describe) f the suspect frm the witness. （所给词的适当形式填空）
43．There is n pint ________ (base) the new cmpany in New Yrk. （所给词的适当形式填空）
44．The raised funds shuld be made gd use f________ (help) the peple wh suffered great lsses in the earthquake. （所给词的适当形式填空）
45．Laurence’s nvel was eventually recgnized ________ a wrk f genius.（用适当的词填空）
46．________ (persuade) by his adviser, he entered the cmpetitin. （所给词的适当形式填空）
47．In allcating husing, ________ (prefer) is given t families with yung children. （所给词的适当形式填空）
48．The ________ (determine) lk n his face shws n sign f surrender. （所给词的适当形式填空）
49．The man insisted ________ finding a taxi fr me.（用适当的词填空）
50．Tuched by their enthusiastic________ (express) f affectin, I thanked them again and again. （所给词的适当形式填空）
四，写作
51．假设你是李华，在美国孔子学院的笔友Jack对汉字毛笔书法非常感兴趣，写信向你咨询学习毛笔书法的建议。请你用英语回信，内容包括：
1. 学习毛笔书法的必备工具；2. 你认为学好毛笔书法的有效方式；3. 学好毛笔书法的好处。
注意：1. 词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3. 参考词汇：书法 calligraphy 毛笔 writing brush 砚台 ink stne
Dear Jack,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写（满分25）
52．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When my daughters reached the third and furth grades, I smetimes allwed them t walk t and frm schl alne if the weather permitted. One warm spring day, a small friend fllwed them hme after schl. This friend had shrt legs and lng flppy ears, with a furry cat and tiny spts acrss her nse. She was the cutest puppy I had ever seen and my girls begged me t keep her.
She was nt mre than twelve weeks ld. She had n identifying marks f any srt. I didn’t knw what t d. I thught abut running an ad in the lst and fund but l really didn’t want t. It wuld break the kids’ hearts if smene shuld shw up. Besides, her wners shuld have watched her mre clsely, I thught.
By the end f the week she was part f ur family. She was very clever and gd with the girls. The Fllwing week smething tld me t check the lst and fund sectin in the lcal paper. One particular ad caught my attentin and my heart sank at what I read. Smene was searching fr a lst puppy near ur grade schl. They sunded desperate. My hand shk. I culd nt ask myself t pick up the phne.
Instead, I pretend I hadn’t seen the ad. I quickly put the paper aside and tried t ignre it. I never say anything abut it t the kids r my husband.
By nw we had named the puppy. She lked like a Mlly, s we called her Mlly. She fllwed the girls everywhere they went. When they went utside, she was ne step behind them. When they did husewrk she was there t help.
There was nly ne prblem with this perfect dg: my cnscience (良心) was bthering me. I knew in my heart I had t call that number and see if ur Mlly was the puppy they were desperately lking fr.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为120左右;
2.续写部分分为两段，每段开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph1:
With mixed feeling , I pick up the phne
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I asked the wman t cme in and she quickly hugged Mlly
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1-5 ABCBC 6-10 BBACC 11-15 CABAB 16-20 AABCC
1．C 2．B 3．B
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个与恐龙有关的旅游景点。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“the fllwing children’s attractins will allw them t cme face-t-face with their favrite dinsaurs（下面的景点将让孩子们与他们最喜欢的恐龙面对面）”可知，文章介绍的这些景点主要是为孩子们准备的。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“At this exhibit, children can spend time digging fr dinsaur bnes at an excavatin site（在这个展览中，孩子们可以花时间在挖掘现场挖掘恐龙骨头）”可知，在芝加哥儿童博物馆中，游客们可以挖掘出恐龙的遗骨。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“Make sure t snap a pht in frnt f Dippy（一定要在Dippy面前照张相）”可知，当游览位于匹兹堡的卡内基自然历史博物馆时，作者建议游客们在名为Dippy的恐龙化石前拍照。故选B。
4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了词典的重要作用以及作者偏爱纸质词典的原因。
4．推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第一段最后一句“In this case, Plnius shuld have lent Hamlet a gd dictinary.( 在这种情况下，普罗尼尔斯应该借给哈姆雷特一本好词典。)”可知，作者在第一段通过引用《哈姆雷特》中的一段对话引出了文章的主题——“dictinary”。故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“Languages keep changing, t, with new wrds cnstantly being added and new meanings being applied t ld wrds. (语言也在不断变化，新词不断被添加，旧词被赋予新的含义。)”可知，随着新词不断出现，旧词的新义不断增加，语言也一直在变化。由此可推知，作者提及“girl”这个旧词的新义是为了支撑“语言在不断变化”这个论点。故选B。
6．推理判断题。通读第三段尤其是第二句中的“Hwever, I still prefer printed dictinaries(然而，我还是更喜欢纸质词典)”可知，作者更喜欢使用纸质词典。故选A。
7．推理判断题。通读最后一段尤其是第二句“Fr English language learners, hwever, I wuld recmmend the Cllins COBUILD Dictinary fr Advanced Learners. (然而，对于英语学习者，我推荐柯林斯高阶英语词典。)”可知，作者写最后一段的目的是向读者推荐柯林斯高阶英语词典。故选C。
8．C 9．B 10．A 11．C
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述的是“人到中年后的担忧”。很多人在40岁时对自己的未来感到担心，但与流行的观点相反，人类似乎已经进化到中年甚至更老才会成功。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段中“We may bravely try t claim that life begins at 40- but fr many peple，it can feel mre like the beginning f the end.（我们可能会勇敢地尝试声称生命从40开始，但对许多人来说，它会感觉更像是结束的开始）”可知，我们能从第一段推断出“很多人在40岁时感到担心”。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“There are, hwever, many reasns t feel psitive abut this crucial perid.（然而，我们有很多理由对这一关键时期持积极态度）”可知，我们似乎有理由对中年保持乐观。故选B。
10．词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“There are sme dwnsides t hitting this age, f curse. Our skin tends t becme lse and ur bdy fat starts t be redistributed arund the midriff.（当然，进入这个年龄也有一些不利因素。我们的皮肤趋于松弛，身体脂肪开始在腹部重新分布）”可知，一般认为到了中年之后人在走下坡路。但根据最后一段中“Cntrary t ppular pinin（与普遍看法相反）”可知，该句下文内容与普遍看法是相反的，即划线部分所在句子意为“人类似乎已经进化成40岁或者以上开始成功”，所以划线词的意思是“成功”，与prsper同义。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据第一段“"The really frightening thing abut middle age,"the actr Dris Day is said t have jked, “is that yu knw yu’ll grw ut f it."We may bravely try t claim that life begins at 40-but fr many peple, it can feel mre like the beginning f the end.（据说演员多丽丝·戴(Dris Day)曾开玩笑说:“中年真正可怕的事情是，你知道自己长大了就会摆脱它。”“我们可能会勇敢地宣称生命从40岁开始，但对很多人来说，40岁更像是生命终结的开始。”）”可知，这篇文章在论述人到中年后的担忧。由此推知，它最可能出现在“科学杂志”上，对其进行科学分析、论述。故选C。
12．C 13．D 14．B 15．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项科学研究，解释了长期以来困扰人们的疑问：蝴蝶为什么能够迅速起飞从而逃过被抓的危险。
12．细节理解题。根据第三段“T analyze their flight, they placed six butterflies ne at a time inside a wind tunnel which was filled with smke and then used a laser t light up the smke just behind the butterfly. Fur high-speed cameras were placed in the tunnel t take phts f the mvement f the butterfly and the smke as the butterfly was taking ff. This let the researchers create a 3D picture f that air mvement as the insect flapped its wings.(为了分析它们的飞行，他们把六只蝴蝶一次一只放在一个充满烟雾的风洞里，然后用激光照亮蝴蝶身后的烟雾。4台高速摄像机被放置在隧道中，以拍摄蝴蝶的运动和蝴蝶起飞时产生的烟雾。这使得研究人员能够绘制出昆虫扇动翅膀时空气运动的3D图像)”可知，在实验中使用激光是为了帮助拍摄清楚的空气运动的照片。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第五段中“The butterflies rise as their wings mve dwn and sht frward as their wings mve up.(蝴蝶在翅膀向下移动时上升，在翅膀向上移动时向前飞行)”可知，蝴蝶的翅膀向上移动，它们就会向前飞。故选 D。
14．词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“The study is exalting(这项研究令人振奋)”以及“I can't wait t learn abut hw the study might infrm designs fr small flying vehicles. (我迫不及待地想知道这项研究将如何影响小型飞行器的设计)”可推知，Bde-Oke 认为这项研究非常令人兴奋。划线词是“令人兴奋的”，故选 B。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“If yu have ever tried t catch a resting butterfly, yu knw it is surprisingly difficult. A new study helps explain why.(如果你曾经试图抓住一只正在休息的蝴蝶，你就会知道这是非常困难的。 一项新的研究有助于解释其中的原因)”可知，本文开头提出人们不知道为什么抓到一只蝴蝶会很难，一项研究帮助解决了这个疑惑，然后在文中介绍了这个实验过程以及研究发现。可知，D选项“为什么蝴蝶逃跑得很快？”最符合文章标题。故选D。
16．D 17．F 18．E 19．G 20．C
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了热带雨林对全球生态系统和人类生存的重要性以及热带雨林的分布情况。
16．空前一句提到“Trpical rainfrests are a wrld like nne ther.（热带雨林是独一无二的世界。）”；D项“Their imprtance t the glbal ecsystem and human existence is vital.（它们对全球生态系统和人类生存的重要性至关重要。）”，其中“their”指代空前一句中的“trpical rainfrests”；下文中“They ffer a rich surce f…They are an imprtant habitat fr…Trpical rainfrests play an elemental rle in…（它们提供丰富的资源……它们是动植物重要的栖息地……热带雨林起着重要的作用）”是对D项中“imprtance t the glbal ecsystem and human existence”的具体说明。故选D。
17．上文提到“They ffer a rich surce f…They are an imprtant habitat fr…Trpical rainfrests play an elemental rle in…（它们提供丰富的资源……它们是动植物重要的栖息地……热带雨林起着重要的作用）”是说明热带雨林在生态系统和人类生存方面的重要性；F项“They stre vast quantities f carbn while prducing a significant amunt f the wrld’s xygen.（它们储存了大量的碳，同时制造了世界上大量的氧气。）”，其中“they”与上文中的“they”词汇重复。F项也是说明热带雨林对气候的重要性，是顺承上文的话题。故选F。
18．空前一句提到“The majrity f the earth's land is lcated nrth f the trpics.（地球的大部分陆地位于热带以北。）”；E项“As a cnsequence, rainfrests are naturally limited t a relatively small area.（因此，热带雨林自然地局限在一个相对较小的面积内。）”；“as a cnsequence”表示结果；E项与上文中的“trpical frests are restricted t the small land area”语义相同。故选E。
19．空前一句提到“tday, mre than tw-thirds f the wrld's trpical rainfrests exist as fragmented remainings.（今天，世界上超过三分之二的热带雨林以支离破碎的残余形式存在。）”；G项“The largest unbrken stretch f rainfrest is fund in the Amazn river basin f Suth America.（南美洲最大的连绵不断的雨林是在亚马孙河流域发现的。）”，其中“unbrken”与前一句中的“fragmented remainings”语义相反；空后一句提到“Over half f this frest lies in Brazil（这热带雨林中的超过一半在巴西）”，“this frest”指代G项中“the largest unbrken stretch f rainfrest”；“in Brazil”与G项中的“in the Amazn river basin f Suth America”相对应。故选G。
20．
下文提到“It is based rughly n fur frested cntinental regins…”，说明热带雨林的分布大致以四个森林覆盖的大陆地区为基础；C项“Their glbal distributin can be brken up int fur bigegraphical areas.（它们的全球分布可以划分为四个生物地理学区域。）”；空后一句中的“it”指代C项中“their glbal distributin”；“fur frested cntinental regins”与C项中的“fur bigegraphical areas”语义顺承。故选C。
21．C 22．A 23．B 24．B 25．D 26．A 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．C 31．D 32．A 33．B 34．A 35．C
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者中学时代认识的一位朋友，有一个很强势霸道的性格，带给作者一些不好的相处体验，引发作者对朋友这一关系的思考。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在找座位坐的时候，我调整了一下我的书包。A. threw扔；B. drpped下降；C. adjusted调整；D. pened打开。根据前文“My heart was punding as I climbed nt the schl bus n the first day f middle schl.”可知，作者是在匆忙中奔向公交车的，所以上车之后，调整了一下肩上的书包。故选C。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的目光降落在两个挨着坐的女孩身上。A. landed (n)降落在；B. tk (n)承担，呈现；C. spied (n)暗中监视；D. built (n)依赖，依靠。根据后文“They smiled at me and ___3___ the seat next t theirs.”可知，作者的目光落在坐着的两个女孩身上，看向她们时，她们也朝作者微笑。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们朝我微笑，并拍着自己身旁的空座位。A. cvered覆盖；B. patted轻拍；C. reserved预定；D. abandned抛弃。根据后文“I sat dwn n the seat and ___5___ the girls.”可知，这两个女孩拍了拍身旁的座位，示意让作者坐在她们旁边。故选B。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：平常我是不会害羞的，但是现在我几乎不认识任何人，渴望结交新的朋友。A. nisy喧闹的；B. shy害羞的；C. ignrant无知的；D. elegant优雅的。根据句子中but的转折意义可知，作者这里想要表达的是虽然在当时她说话紧张，那是因为她一个人都不认识，其实在正常情况下，自己是不会害羞紧张的。故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在座位上，面对着这两个女孩。A. cvered覆盖；B. addressed 对某人讲话；C. encuntered 偶遇； D. faced面对。根据后文“I lked at my Cnverse All Stars and frwned. Why hadn't I wrn mre stylish shes?”可知，作者面对着这两个女孩，打量了她们的装扮，于是开始埋怨自己穿的鞋不够流行。故选D。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我们的友谊并不是没有缺陷。A. faults错误，缺点；B. causes原因；C. surprises惊喜；D. benefits好处。根据下文作者讲述在与Jessica相处的过程中感受到她性格的强势以及一些不悦的心情体验可知，她们之间的友谊也是不完美、有缺陷的。故选A。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她非常时尚，我们两个会采纳她的化妆和穿搭建议。A. inncent无辜的；B. ambitius有雄心抱负的；C. fashinable时尚的；D. generus慷慨的。根据“and we'd g t her fr make-up and clthing advice. ”可知，因为Jessica是个很懂时尚的女孩，所以作者和另外一个女孩才会听取她在这方面的建议。故选C。
28．考查连词词义辨析。句意：但是她是一个“我做主”的性格而且带着严格要求的目光审视一切。A. S所以；B. Or或者；C. And和，并且；D. But但是。根据后文“Once the three f us went t the mall. I ended up spending fifty dllars n a skirt that I didn't even ___10___ ,just t make Jessica happy.”可知，这里是通过转折意义来表达Jessica性格中的强势。故选D。
29．考查固定短语辨析。句意：她总是要掌控一切。A. n business出差；B. in charge负责，主管；C. at wrk在工作；D. under pressure处于压力下。根据后文作者与Jessica一起逛商场，为了让她开心，买了一件自己并不喜欢的衣服的这个经历可知，Jessica喜欢主管一切，要求别人按照自己的意愿做事，满足自己的喜好。故选B。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后我花了50美元买了一件我自己并不喜欢的裙子，只是为了让Jessica高兴。A. knw知道；B. mentin提及；C. like喜欢；D. smth使光滑。根据设空后的“just t make Jessica happy.”可知，作者买了这条裙子并不是因为自己喜欢，只是为了让Jessica开心。故选C。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：时间久了，我发现自己的行为是一个伪装版本的自己，只是为了取悦Jessica，让她不要对我生气。A. sessin会议；B. cnversatin谈话；C. prductin成果，产品； D. versin版本。根据句意可知，作者在与Jessica的相处过程中，一直委屈自己去取悦她，已经让自己变成一个虚假的样子了，另一个版本的自己。故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我与别人相处时，她就抱怨我说我变了，事实上我只是在做我自己。A. cmplained抱怨；B. remembered记住；C. ensured确保；D. anticipated预期，预见。根据“I was different”可知，Jessica在对我抱怨，说我变了。故选A。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我总是害怕她会因为我说的一些话而生气，可能那些话我自己平常都不会再三考虑。A. suddenly突然；B. nrmally通常地；C. desperately拼命地；D. guiltily内疚地。根据句意可知，作者很担心Jessica会对自己随口说的话生气，那些话可能自己平常都不会在意。故选B。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有时候也想知道真正的朋友是什么样子的。A. wnder想知道；B. dubt怀疑；C. blame责备；D. predict预测，预知。根据后文作者发出的疑问可知，在与Jessica不太愉快的相处经历中，作者自己也很想知道真正的朋友是什么样子的。故选A。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们不应该是尊重你、鼓励你做自己吗？而不是要求你仅仅是为了满足自己而让你成为她们想要的样子。A. imagine想象；B. describe描述；C. respect尊重；D. evaluate评估。根据“and encurage yu t be yurself”以及前文作者讲述在与Jessica的相处中她的强势和霸道，让作者思考朋友之间难道不应该是相互尊重的吗？故选C。
36．cncerning
【详解】考查介词。句意：我正在找一本有关中国历史的书。结合句意可知，此处应用介词cncerning表示“关于，与……有关”，cncerning Chinese histry“有关中国历史”，作bk的后置定语，符合题意。故填cncerning。
37．settled##shuld settle
【详解】考查固定句型和虚拟语气。句意：你该和他解决争端了。此处为固定句型it is time （that） sb did sth./ shuld d sth.“是某人做某事的时候了”，that引导的定语从句用虚拟语气。故填settled/shuld settle。
38．suffering##sufferings
【详解】考查名词。句意：这场战争造成了广泛的人类苦难。此处应用名词作宾语，suffering“苦难”即可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词；当其为可数名词时，常用复数形式。故填suffering(s)。
39．ignrance
【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们常因无知而表现不好。此处应用名词作宾语，ignrance“无知”符合题意，抽象名词，不可数。故填ignrance。
40．upsetting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他慌张撞上餐桌，结果打翻了花。空格处是状语，upset与主语He 是主动关系，要用现在分词，表结果。故填upsetting。
41．actually
【详解】考查副词。句意：他到底说了什么?此处应用副词修饰动词say。故填actually。
42．descriptin
【详解】考查名词。句意：警方要求证人详细描述嫌疑犯。分析可知，空处应用名词作demand的宾语，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填descriptin。
43．basing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：将新公司建在纽约没有意义。固定句型There is n pint (in) ding sth (做某事无意义)。故填basing。
44．t help
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：募集的资金要用好，帮助在地震中遭受巨大损失的人们。分析可知空出表目的，应用不定式作目的状语。故填t help。
45．as
【详解】考查固定短语和介词。句意：劳伦斯的小说最终被看作是天才之作。此处为固定短语be recgnized as“被认为……，被看作……”。故填as。
46．Persuaded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在导师的劝说下，他参加了比赛。分析句子结构可知，“he entered the cmpetitin.”是主句，“ _________(persuade) by his adviser,”是非谓语动词作状语，persuade的逻辑主语是主句主语he，且动词persuade(劝说)和主语he(他)之间是被动关系，所以此处应用过去分词作状语，且单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Persuaded。
47．preference
【详解】考查名词。句意：在分配住房时，优先考虑有幼儿的家庭。空处应用名词作主语，preference“优先”抽象名词，不可数。故填preference。
48．determined
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他脸上坚定的表情表明他不会投降。修饰名词lk，表示“坚定的”应用形容词determined作定语。故填determined。
49．n
【详解】考查介词。句意：那人坚持要给我叫一辆出租车。insist n ding sth.是固定短语，意为“坚持做某事”，因此空格应用介词n。故填n。
50．expressin##expressins
【详解】考查名词。句意：我被他们热情的表达(表情)感动了，一次又一次地感谢他们。空处应用名词作宾语，expressin作“表达”讲时不可数；作“表情”讲时可数，由their判断用其复数形式。故填expressin(s)。
51．Dear Jack,
I’m glad t knw yu’re interested in Chinese Calligraphy. It’s my pleasure t tell yu hw t learn Chinese calligraphy.
As we all knw, the fur treasures f the study are writing brush, ink, paper and ink stne, which are essential t learn Chinese calligraphy. As t the way t learn it, I think, fr ne thing, yu may study the basic structure f each Chinese character step by step；fr anther, chsing a gd mdel bk t cpy is f great benefit t yu. Chinese calligraphy is a fine art f the excellent traditinal cultures in China. Nt nly des it d gd t health, but als it can cultivate mrality and purify ur suls.
Hping yu can cme t China t enjy it persnally.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【分析】这篇书面表达是一篇应用文写作。假设你是李华，在美国孔子学院的笔友Jack对汉字毛笔书法非常感兴趣，写信向你咨询学习毛笔书法的建议。请你用英语回信。
【详解】认真审题，本文提示：假设你是李华，在美国孔子学院的笔友Jack对汉字毛笔书法非常感兴趣，写信向你咨询学习毛笔书法的建议。请你用英语回信，内容包括: 1. 学习毛笔书法的必备工具;2. 你认为学好毛笔书法的有效方式；3. 学好毛笔书法的好处。分析可知，应该以第一人称为主，一般现在时进行写作。考生要先想好写哪几点，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出。描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。
【点睛】这篇书面表达的关键在于句子内容的准确表述，同时注意谋篇布局的顺序，运用合适的连接词连接全文，同时选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。I’m glad t knw yu’re interested in Chinese Calligraphy.宾语从句的运用。As we all knw, the fur treasures f the study are writing brush, ink, paper and ink stne, which are essential t learn Chinese calligraphy.非限制性定语从句的运用。
52．One pssible versin:
Paragraph1:
With mixed feelings, I finally picked up the phne.Secretly I was praying n ne wuld answer, but a wman did. As I described the dg t her in detail, her vice shk with excitement and she wanted t cme right ver. Within minutes I heard a vechicle pull up at the driveway and sme ftsteps stp at the dr. Head cradled in my hands and heart hammering, a thusand thughts crssed my mind: I culd pretend I wasn't hme r tell her, “I'm srry, yu have the wrng address." But it was t late: the bell rang and Mlly was barking.
Paragraph2:
Opening the dr, I saw a wman with a little girl stting in a small wheelchair.One lk at Mlly, and the little girl's face lit up. "Here, Lucy," she yelled,“Cme here!" Mlly instantly beyed, wagging her tail wildly. My heart sank. Seemingly sensing my feelings, the wman explained that Lucy(Mlly) was mre than just a puppy t her daughter, wh was left crippled fr life in an accident.“Lucy gave her a reasn t live," she chked. Suddenly I felt relieved. Gd has blessed me with s much, I thught. As they pulled ut f the drive, I smiled, knwing I had dne the right thing---- that puppy was exactly where she belnged.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的女儿捡到了一只可爱的小狗想要收养，作者因为想要女儿高兴，就没有去失物招领处查看启事。小狗和这一家人相处得很愉快，直到有一天作者看到了一则寻狗启事，她陷入了深深的纠结中。
【详解】1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“我百感交集，终于拿起了电话。”可知，第一段可描写作者打电话之后发生的事。
②由第二段首句内容“打开门，我看见一个女士带着一个小女孩坐在一个小轮椅上。”可知，第二段可描写小狗确实是这家人的，之后两家人做出的决定。
2.续写线索:打电话——确认信息——失主到来——认狗——还狗
3.词汇激活
行为类
激动地颤抖:be excited t shake/shake excitedly
过来:cme ver/ drp ver
想到:crss ne's mind/ccur t sb.
情绪类
开心:face light up/fresh with energy
沮丧:heart sank/feel dispirited
【点睛】[高分句型1] Seemingly sensing my feelings, the wman explained that Lucy(Mlly) was mre than just a puppy t her daughter, wh was left crippled fr life in an accident.(现在分词作状语、宾语从句和wh引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Head cradled in my hands and heart hammering, a thusand thughts crssed my mind: I culd pretend I wasn't hme r tell her, “I'm srry, yu have the wrng address."(独立主格结构作状语)