中考英语二轮复习阅读理解专练01 人工智能系统Project Debater、人工智能续写《第十交响曲》、白鲸南迁之旅（含解析）

这是一份中考英语二轮复习阅读理解专练01 人工智能系统Project Debater、人工智能续写《第十交响曲》、白鲸南迁之旅（含解析），共11页。
中考时文阅读练习---有了这个AI,“吵架”想输都难！
阅读理解
主题语境：发明与技术
语篇类型：说明文
词数：261
难度：★★★☆☆
建议用时：8分钟
正确率：____ /4
Have yu ever shuted at yur cmputer because it wasn't wrking? Of curse,yur cmputer can't“shut” back. But AI researchers have been wrking n cmputers that can argue and perhaps even win debates(辩论) with humans.
IBM scientists recently published a paper in Nature abut their new AI system—Prject Debater.It can debate with peple in frnt f a live audience(观众）.After listening t arguments frm its ppnent(对手)，the system can search arund 400 millin nline articles in less than five minutes. And then it lks fr ideas that can supprt its wn argument.
Testing n the system began in 2019. when it debated with Harish Natarajan. a prfessinal debater wh hlds the wrld recrd fr the mst debate cmpetitin victries.The tpic was abut subsidizing preschl(资助幼儿园)—and Prject Debater argued t supprt this idea. Althugh Prject Debater lst the debate in the end.the audience said it perfrmed very well. Interestingly,58 percent f the audience said that Prject Debater increased their knwledge abut the tpic—nly 20 percent said the same abut Natarajan.
Accrding t Scientific American, results shw that the system is able t frm lgical statements(有逻辑的陈述).Hwever,winning a debate is never the researchers' gal. Their gal is t help humans make better decisins accrding t Ranit Aharany manager f the Prject Debater team.“It can debate bth sides, s it can very quickly help yu understand bth sides f the prblem,thus yu can have a wider view f the prblem and make a mre thughtful(深思熟虑的)decisin."Aharany said.
1.Hw des Prject Debater wrk?
① It frms ideas that can supprt its wn argument.
② It listens t its ppnent's arguments.
③ It searches nline articles.
④ It debates with its ppnent.
A.①②③④ B.②③①④
C.③②①④ D.④②①③
2. In the debate with Harish Natarajan,Prject Debater____.
A.argued t supprt subsidizing preschl
B. wn the debate in the end
C. set a wrld debating recrd
D. ften argued against itself
3. What did the audience think f the debate between Natarajan and Prject Debater?
A.One-fifth thught Prject Debater wuldn't win the debate.
B. Mre didn't believe Prject Debater fr its sme disadvantages.
C. Mre than half said Prject Debater increased their knwledge.
D. 58 percent thught Natarajan perfrmed better than Prject Debater.
4.With Prject Debater, we might____.
A. make better decisins after better understanding prblems
B. never make mistakes when dealing with prblems
C. always have better arguments in any debate
D. learn hw t frm lgical statements in a debate
译文
你是否曾经因你的电脑不工作而对它大喊大叫？当然，你的电脑不能反过来对你“大喊大叫”。但是，人工智能研究人员一直在研发一种能够与人类进行辩论，甚至能赢过人类的计算机。
国际商业机器公司（IBM）的科学家们最近在《自然》杂志上发表了一篇关于他们的新人工智能系统——“辩论家计划（Prject Debater)”的论文。该系统可以在现场观众面前与人进行辩论。在听完对手的论据后，该系统可以在不到5分钟的时间内搜索大约4亿篇在线文章，然后找出能够支持自己论据的观点。
对该系统的测试开始于2019年。当时，它与专业辩论手Harish Natarajan进行了辩论。Harish Natarajan保持着辩论赛胜利次数最多的世界纪录。辩题是关于资助幼儿园的——“辩论家计划”为支持该观点而辩论。虽然“辩论家计划”在最后输了，但观众说它的表现得非常好。有趣的是，58%的观众表示，“辩论家计划”增加了他们对这个话题的了解——只有20%的人这样评价Natarajan的表现。
据《科学美国人》报道，结果显示，该系统能够形成有逻辑的陈述。然而，在辩论中获胜绝不是研究人员的目标。“辩论家计划”团队的经理Ranit Aharany表示，他们的目标是帮助人类更好地作出决定。Aharany 说：“它可以从两方面进行辩论，因而它可以非常迅速地帮助你理解问题的两面。这样你就可以在更广的视野下看待问题，从而作出一个更深思熟虑的决定。”
语篇解读
IBM的科学家最近官宣了他们新的人工智能系统——Prject Debater，它可以在现场与人辩论。Prject Debater可以非常迅速地帮助人们理解问题的两面，以作出更好的决定。
答案详析
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“After listening t arguments frm its ppnent, the system can search arund 400 millin nline articles in less than five minutes. And then it lks fr ideas that can supprt its wn argument.”可知，Prject Debater的工作流程是先听对手的观点，然后查询线上文章，找到自己的论据后再与对手辩论。
2.A细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The tpic was abut subsidizing preschl—and Prject Debater argued t supprt this idea.”可知，Prject Debater支持资助幼儿园。
3.C细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“58 percent f the audience said that Prject Debater increased their knwledge abut the tpic”可知，一半以上的观众觉得Prject Debater增加了他们的知识。
4.A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Their gal is t help humans make better decisins”和“thus yu can have a wider view f the prblem and make a mre thughtful decisin"可知，有了Prject Debater的帮助，人们可以在更广的角度上了解问题，从而作出更深思熟虑的决定。
长难句分析
原句：（第三段第一句）Testing n the system began in 2019, when it debated with Harish Natarajan,a prfessinal debater wh hlds the wrld recrd fr the mst debate cmpetitin victries.
译文：对该系统的测试始于2019年,当时该系统与 Harish Natarajan 进行了辩论。HarishNatarajan是一名职业辩手，他保持着辩论比赛获胜次数最多的世界纪录。
分析：这是一个复合句。when it debated with Harish Natarajan为when引导的非限制性定语从句，对2019 进行补充说明：a prfessinal debater wh hlds the wrld victries为Harish Natarajan的同位语，对Harish Natarajan进行补充说明，在该同位语中，wh引导定语从句.修饰先行词a prfessinal debater。
中考时文阅读练习---人工智能续写《第十交响曲》
任务型阅读：阅读还原7选5
主题语境：音乐
语篇类型：说明文
词数：189
难度：★★★☆☆
建议用时：7分钟
正确率：____ /5
Ludwig van Beethven, wh was brn ver 250 years ag, is ne f the wrld's mst-lved musicians. He is famus fr his nine symphnies(交响乐). 1 AI experts and musicians have used AI t finish it this year.
T mark the 250th anniversary(周年纪念日）f Beethven's birth,Deutsche Telekm rganized a special team f musicians. AI experts, and histrians in the spring f 2019. 2 .
The team develped the "Beethven AI”,which“understands" Beethven's style(风格）. 3 The wrks frm musicians that influenced Beethven were als prvided. Sme members f the team studied the ntes Beethven had left t figure ut(弄清楚) what Beethven was planning t d. 4 On Octber 9, 2021, the piece was perfrmed fr the first time ever by the Beethven Orchestra(管弦乐队)in Bnn,Germany. It was bradcast live and free and a recrding,BeethvenX—The AI Prject,was released n the same day.
5 Sme peple spke highly f it. Tim Httges said, "I believe that the music is smething truly amazing because peple and machines have created smething new.”Hwever,sme peple als dubted whether it culd be called art.
根据短文内容，从下面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。(其中两项多余)
A. The piece was htly discussed by the public.
B. The team can then use thse new and surprising ways.
C.They prvided the AI system with all f Beethven's music.
D. It tk the team ver tw years t finish Beethven's 10th Symphny.
E. Befre he died,he began his 10thSymphny,but never finished it.
F. Musician Barry Cper als wrked n finishing part f Beethven's 10th.
G. Their gal was t try t finish Beethven's 10 th Symphny with the help f AI.
1._________ 2._________ 3._________
4._________ 5._________
译文
路德维希·凡·贝多芬出生于250多年前，是世界上最受喜爱的音乐家之一。贝多芬凭借他的九部交响曲闻名世界。去世前，他开始创作《第十交响曲》，但他未能将它完成。今年，人工智能专家和音乐家们利用人工智能来完成了这部交响曲。
为了纪念贝多芬诞辰250周年，德国电信在2019年春天组织了一个由音乐家、人工智能专家和历史学家组成的特别小组。他们的目标是尝试在人工智能的帮助下完成贝多芬的《第十交响曲》。
该团队开发了可以“理解”贝多芬音乐风格的“贝多芬AI”。他们向人工智能系统提供了贝多芬的所有音乐作品。对贝多芬有影响的音乐家的作品也被提供给人工智能系统。该团队的一些成员研究了贝多芬留下的笔记，以弄清贝多芬计划做些什么。该团队花了两年多的时间完成了贝多芬的《第十交响曲》。2021 年10月9日，贝多芬管弦乐团在德国波恩首次演奏了该作品。这场演出进行了免费的现场直播。唱片 Beethven X—The Al Prject也于同日发行。
这支曲子引发了公众的热烈讨论。一些人对它给予了高度评价。Tim Httges说：“我认为，这部交响乐是真正的惊人之作，因为人和机器创作了新的成果。”然而，也有人怀疑这支曲子是否可以被称为艺术。
语篇解读
著名音乐家贝多芬逝世时留下了未完成的《第十交响曲》的几张手稿。为了纪念贝多芬诞辰250周年，人工智能专家和音乐家联手用人工智能完成了《第十交响曲》。
答案详析
1.E木根据上一句可知，贝多芬以他的九部交响曲而闻名。根据下一句“AI experts and musicians have used AI t finish it this year."可知，今年人工智能专家和音乐家使用人工智能完成了它。故空处内容应该和贝多芬创作《第十交响曲》但是没有完成它有关。E项“去世之前，他开始创作《第十交响曲》但并未完成它”承上启下，符合语境。
2.G 根据上一句可知，为纪念贝多芬诞辰250周年，Deutsche Telekm在2019年春季组织了一支由音乐家、人工智能专家以及历史学家组成的团队。下文提到这支团队研发出了能够“理解”贝多芬音乐风格的人工智能技术。故空处应该与这支团队的目标有关。G项“他们的目标是尝试在人工智能的帮助下完成贝多芬的《第十交响曲》”承上启下，符合语境。
3.C根据上一句可知，这支团队研发出了能够“理解”贝多芬音乐风格的人工智能技术。再结合下一句可知，对贝多芬有影响的音乐家的作品也被提供给了人工智能系统。C项“他们给人工智能系统提供了贝多芬的所有音乐”承上启下，符合语境。
4.D 根据下一句可知，2021年10月9日，贝多芬管弦乐团在德国波恩首次演奏了这支乐曲。故空处内容应与《第十交响曲》的完成有关。D项“这支团队花费两年多的时间完成了《第十交响曲》”引出下文，符合语境。
5.A根据空后内容可知，人们对这支曲子持有不同的态度，有人赞扬，也有人质疑。故空处内容应与人们对这支曲子的态度有关。A项“这支曲子引发了公众的热烈讨论”引出下文，符合语境。
中考时文阅读练习---白鲸南迁之旅
题型：阅读理解
主题语境：动物
语篇类型：说明文
词数：288
难度：★★★☆☆
建议用时：8分钟
正确率：____ /5
It's late fall in the Arctic Ocean. Ice begins t frm n tp f the water, making it difficult fr the white whales t find pen areas t cme up fr air."They have t cme up t breathe," says Dnna Hauser,a marine bilgist(海洋生物学家)at the University f Alaska in Fairbanks.“That's a mre difficult jb,and they have t find penings in the ice.”
The white whales knw it's time t leave fr warmer waters. S the grup f abut a hundred white whales heads suth tward the Bering Sea, a bdy f water separating the United States and Russia.
Halfway thrugh their jurney. the white whales find themselves swimming between tw large ice fles(浮冰).Suddenly, they hear a large splash(溅泼声).A white whale's main enemy—an rca(虎鲸)—has appeared and is swimming tward the white whales. Luckily,rcas aren't as gd at swimming thrugh ice fles as white whales are, giving the white whales time t speed up and swim away.
The white whales are safe, fr nw."But befre getting t their destinatin,they must pass thrugh the Bering Strait cnnecting the Arctic Ocean with the Bering
Sea—befre the narrw(狭窄的)waterway freezes ver,”Hauser says.“Otherwise,their path suth culd be blcked（阻挡）.”
The white whales finally make it t the Bering Strait, which hasn't yet frzen ver. After a few mre days f swimming, they arrive at the Bering Sea. The white whales will rest, hunt, and play here until April,when they'll swim back nrth. There,the females will give birth t baby white whales in the spring. When ice spreads acrss the Arctic Ocean again, thse babies will fllw their families suth and begin their first lng jurney.
1.Why d the white whales leave the Arctic Ocean?
A. They need t g suth t hunt.
B. They have t get enugh air.
C. They want t breathe fresher air.
D. They can't stand the cld weather.
2.What help the white whales escape frm the rca?
A. Brave fights.
B. Swimming skills.
C.Large ice fles.
D. Their smaller bdies.
3.What des“their destinatin”in the furth paragraph refer t?
A. The Bering Strait.
B. The Bering Sea.
C.The Arctic Ocean.
D.The United States.
4.When will the white whales leave the Bering Sea?
A. In January.
B. In February.
C. In March.
D. In April.
5.What's the best title fr the text?
A. White Whales Are n the Mve
B. Whales Are in Great Danger
C. Hw Can White Whales Live in Winter?
D. When and Where D White Whales Give Birth?
译文
现在正值北冰洋深秋时节。水面上开始结冰，导致白鲸很难找到能露出水面呼吸的地方。阿拉斯加大学费尔班克斯分校的海洋生物学家Dnna Hauser表示：“白鲸必须浮出水面来呼吸。现在这件事难度变大了，它们不得不去寻找没结冰的地方。”
白鲸们知道，是时候离开去更温暖的水域了。于是，这个大约有100头白鲸的鲸群开始向南迁徙，游向白令海——那片分隔了美国和俄罗斯的水域。
行程过半，白鲸们正在两块大浮冰之间游动。突然，它们听到一阵巨大的溅泼声。白鲸的劲敌——虎鲸出现了，正向白鲸游去。幸运的是，虎鲸并不像白鲸那样擅长在浮冰之间游动，这给了白鲸们迅速游走的时间。
白鲸们暂时安全了。“但是在到达目的地之前，它们必须通过连接北冰洋和白令海的白令海峡，而且要在这条狭窄的水道结冰之前。否则，它们南下的路可能会被阻断。”Hauser说道。
白鲸们终于成功游到了还未结冰的白令海峡。几天后，它们到达了白令海。白鲸们将在这里休息、捕食和玩耍，直到来年四月份，到时候它们会再游回北边。在那里，雌性白鲸将在春天产下小白鲸。当冰层再次覆盖北冰洋的海面时，这些小白鲸又会跟着它们的家人南下，开始它们的第一次长途旅行。
语篇解读
晚秋时节，北冰洋的海面开始结冰，一群白鲸需要南迁寻找温暖的海域。这是一段遥远的旅程，而且途中困难重重。等到来年四月，它们又要返回北冰洋。
答案详析
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Ice begins t frm n tp f the water,making it difficult fr the white whales t find pen areas t cme up fr air.”可知，白鲸南迁是因为北冰洋的海面结冰了,它们很难找到能露出水面来呼吸的地方，所以它们离开北冰洋是为了得到充足的空气。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“ Luckily,rcas aren't as gd at the white whales time t speed up and swim away.”可知，虎鲸不像白鲸那样擅长在浮冰间穿梭，这给了白鲸加速游开的时间。所以白鲸能逃脱得益于它们的游泳技能。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“S the grup f abut a hundred white whales heads suth tward the Bering Sea"以及最后一段中的“After a few mre days f swimming,they arrive at the Bering Sea.”可推知.“their destinatin”指的是它们的最终目的地——白令海。
4.D 细节理解题 根据最后一段第三句“The white whales will rest, hunt, and play here until April, when they'll swim back nrth.”可知,它们离开白令海返回北方的时间是在4月份。
5.A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一群白鲸由于北冰洋海面结冰而迁往白令海的过程，故A项最适合作本文标题。
长难句分析
原句：（倒数第二段第二句)But befre getting t their destinatin, they must pass thrugh the Bering Strait cnnecting the Arctic Ocean with the Bering Sea—befre the narrw waterway freezes ver...
译文：但在到达目的地之前，它们必须通过连接北冰洋和白令海的白令海峡，而且要在这条狭窄的水道结冰之前通过……
分析：这是一个复合句。本句中第一个befre为介词，后接动名词短语作宾语；第二个befre为连词，引导时间状语从句。现在分词短语cnnecting the Arctic Ocean with the Bering Sea为后置定语，修饰the Bering Strait。