人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage学案

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage学案，共7页。学案主要包含了定语从句的关系词，关系词的基本用法，定语从句中关系词的省略等内容，欢迎下载使用。


定语从句是一种形容词性从句，它是跟在一个名词、代词或句子后对其进行修饰限定的句子。因该从句在整个句子中作定语，故被称作定语从句。被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句通常只能放在被修饰的词之后。
一、定语从句的关系词
[合作探究]
After listening t the scientists wh had studied the prblem and citizens wh lived near the dam, the gvernment turned t the United Natins fr help in 1959.在听取了研究这个问题的科学家和住在大坝附近的居民的意见后，政府于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。
Temples and ther cultural sites were taken dwn piece by piece, and then mved and put back tgether again in a place where they were safe frm the water.寺庙和其他文化遗址被一块一块地拆下来，然后搬到一个安全的不会遭受水患的地方重新组装起来。
[自主发现1] 当被定语从句修饰的先行词指人且在定语从句中充当主语时，引导定语从句的关系词用wh/that;__当被定语从句修饰的先行词指地点且在定语从句中作地点状语时用关系词where。
二、关系词的基本用法
[合作探究]
Yu may have chances t meet new peple wh will becme yur lifelng friends.你可能有机会结识将成为你一生的朋友的新人。
In the dark street, there wasn’t a single persn whm she culd turn t fr help.在黑暗的街道上，没有一个她可以求助的人。
Ms Wang is the teacher whse sn was admitted t Beijing University.
王女士就是那位儿子被北京大学录取的老师。
I can well remember the accident that happened n a rainy Sunday afternn.
我清楚地记得在一个下雨的星期天下午发生的那场事故。
Our class is a big family which is made up f 28 girls and 32 bys.
我们班是一个由28个女孩和32个男孩组成的大家庭。
The cmpany whse name is Huawei is based in Guangdng Prvince, China.那个叫华为的公司总部在中国广东省。
I always miss the days when we were n the summer camp last year.
我总是怀念去年我们参加夏令营的日子。
The reasn why we have t grw trees is that they supply us fresh air.
我们必须种树的原因是它们能为我们提供新鲜的空气。
Literature is the place where the past meets the present t think abut the future.在文学作品里，过去与现实交汇，以思考未来。
It’s time t recall thse beautiful days(that/which) we spent tgether.
是时候回忆我们一起度过的那些美好的日子了。
We are lking fr the persn t whm the bk belngs.
我们正在寻找这本书的主人。
[自主发现2]
(1)定语从句关系词的具体用法是：
(2)当表示时间、地点或原因的先行词在其后面的定语从句中作宾语或表语时，引导定语从句的关系词必须使用关系代词。
(3)当关系词前有介词时，该关系词多用关系代词。
三、定语从句中关系副词与“介词＋关系代词”的转化
[合作探究]
I still remember the day when (＝n which) I first came t Beijing.
我还记得第一次来北京的那一天。
This is the huse where (＝in which) M Yan nce lived.
这是莫言曾住过的房子。
The reasn why (＝fr which) he failed in the exam was that he didn’t study hard.他考试失败的原因是他学习不努力。
The gentleman abut whm yu tld me yesterday is a friend f my father.
你昨天告诉我的那个绅士是我爸爸的一个朋友。
The wman t whm he is married is a famus actress.
他要娶的是一位著名的女演员。
[自主发现3]
(1)关系副词when, where引导的定语从句可以转化为“介词＋which”引导的定语从句；而why引导的定语从句可以转换为“fr__which”引导的定语从句。
(2)在使用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的选择要考虑以下三个方面：
①介词和定语从句中先行词的习惯搭配；
②介词与定语从句中的谓语动词的习惯搭配；
③介词与定语从句中的谓语动词和先行词同时搭配并符合句意逻辑。
四、定语从句中关系词的省略
1.关系词可以省略的几种情况
[合作探究]
I have taken with me the tw bks(that/which) yu asked me t return t the City Library.我把你要我送还给市图书馆的那两本书带走了。
Here is the man (whm) yu’ve been lking fr.
这就是你一直在找的那个人。
The way (that/in which) yu lk at the prblem is wrng.
你看待问题的方式是错误的。
The reasn(why/that) he wanted t sell his huse was that he needed a lt f mney fr his peratin.他想卖掉房子的原因是他的手术需要很多钱。
The secnd time (when) I saw him was in 1980.
我第二次见到他是在1980年。
This is the place (where) we met yesterday.这就是我们昨天见面的地方。
This is the bk (which) I read yesterday and which I fund very interesting.
这就是我昨天读的那本书，我发现它很有趣。
Our village is nt the ne (that) it used t be.
我们的村庄已不是过去那个样子了。
[自主发现4]
(1)当定语从句的先行词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系词通常省略。
(2)当先行词是way, reasn, time, place等且它们在定语从句中分别作方式、原因、时间和地点状语时，它们后面的定语从句的相应的关系词that/in__which,__why,__when,__where等可以省略。
(3)当由and，but，r等并列连词连接两个或两个以上的定语从句修饰同一个先行词时，第一个关系代词可以省略，但第二个及以后的关系词一般不可以省略。
2.关系词不可省略的几种情况
[合作探究]
D yu knw any shps nearby in which I can buy flwers?
你知道附近有卖花的商店吗？
That’s the headmaster with whm my father was talking just nw.
那就是刚才和我父亲谈话的校长。
Mr.Green, whm yu knw，is the tallest in ur schl.
你认识的格林先生是我们学校最高的。
[自主发现5]
(1)关系代词前有介词时，该关系代词不能省略。
(2)非限制性定语从句中，无论关系词作何成分，都不能省略。
[巩固内化1]
选择适当的关系词
①The scientist wh (wh/whm) discvers a cure fr cancer will be great.
②Mr.Liu wants t talk t the students whse (wh/whse) hmewrk hasn’t been handed in.
③Yesterday Li Ming went t the village where (which/where) his family lived ten years ag.
④I still remember the night when (when/that) I came t the strange city.
⑤We visited a factry that (wh/that) makes tys fr children.
[巩固内化2]
(1)用适当的关系词填空
①The girl wh is playing the pian upstairs is my elder sister.
②That is a cuntry whse culture is quite different frm that f China.
③Please tell me the reasn why yu were late fr the train.
④The man (whm/wh/that) yu saw yesterday is a dctr frm Beijing.
⑤There are stars (that/which) we still dn’t knw in space.
⑥D yu still remember the day n which he jined the army?
⑦He has lst the key t the desk where/in__which the papers are kept.
⑧The girl t whm I lent my bike wrks in a hspital.
(2)补全或翻译句子(用定语从句)
①中秋节是一个全家团圆、 赏月和吃月饼的传统节日。
The Mid­autumn Festival is a traditinal festival when__families__get__tgether__t__enjy__the__mn__and__eat__mn__cakes.
②谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。
He__wh__laughs__last__laughs__best.
③我的叔叔李明要去你居住的城市参加一个会议。
My__uncle__Li__Ming__is__ging__t__the__city__where__yu__live__t__attend__a__meeting.
[巩固内化3]
(1)用“介词＋关系代词”填空
①The twer n__which peple can have a gd view is n the hill.
②We live in an age in__which everyne values time very much.
③Gun cntrl is a subject abut__which Americans argued fr a lng time.
④I wanted t find smene with__whm I culd discuss bks and music.
⑤The reasn fr__which she did it is that she wuldn’t let her parents disappinted.
(2)翻译句子(用“介词＋关系代词”)
①我永远也忘不了我在农村度过的我的孩童时代。
I__will__never__frget__the__time__during__which__I__spent__my__childhd__in__the__cuntryside.
②那个小女孩正在读一本书，书中有很多图画。
The__little__girl__is__reading__a__bk__in__which__there__are__many__pictures.
③这个就是我用来拍照的相机。
This__is__the__camera__with__which__I__take__pictures.
[巩固内化4]
补全省略的关系词
①I dn’t knw the exact time (when) the sprts meet will take place.
②The exact year (which/that) Angela and her family spent tgether in China is 2008.
③That was the way (in__which/that) she wrked the prblem ut.
④The man (whm) yu spke t just nw is ur English teacher.
⑤I believe the reasn (that/which) Mary gave fr her absence frm the schl.
Ⅰ.用适当的关系词或“介词＋关系代词”填空
1.I saw a huse whse windws are brken.
2.I dn’t like cities that/which have a lt f factries.
3.I shall never frget the day when/n__which we first met in a park.
4.The persn wh lses the library bk must pay fr it.
5.The runner (whm) yu are asking abut is ver there.
6.The film (that/which) they are talking abut is very interesting.
7.She is the engineer whse wrk is cnsidered t be the best here.
8.My cuntries are nw setting up natinal parks where/in__which animals and plants can be prtected.
9.I dn’t knw the reasn (why/fr__which) yu quarreled with her.
10.It happened in Nvember when/in__which the weather was wet and cld.
Ⅱ.用定语从句的知识完成下列语段
Lk! The beautiful lady whse__name__is__Mary (名叫玛丽) teaches us English.She is the nly ne f the three teachers wh__wn (她获得) the Schl Teacher f the Year Award.The by beside her is ur mnitr whse__father(他的父亲) designed the teaching building where__we__are__studying__nw (我们现在正在学习的).Mary nce tld me the reasn why/fr__which__we__shuld__learn__English__well(为什么我们要学好英语).I’ll never frget the__days__when__she__taught__us(她教我们的那些日子).I think ur dear teacher Mary, the beautiful schl frm__which__I__will__graduate(我将从这里毕业) and all the ther beautiful things will frever stay in my mind!
关系代词 句法功能
指代
作主语
作宾语
作定语
人
①wh/that
②whm/wh/that
③whse
物
④that/which
⑤that/which
⑥whse
关系副词 句法功能
指代
作状语
时、地、因
⑦when (时)
⑧where(地)
⑨why(因)