2022-2023学年江苏省盐城市伍佑中学高一上学期10月月考英语试题含答案

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 盐城市伍佑中学2022/2023学年度秋学期高一年级学情调研(一)
英语试题
时间：120 分钟 总分：120分
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5个小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When will the winter vacation start?
A. On January 5th B. On January 10th C. On January 15th
2. What does the woman imply about Jim?
A. He can win the race. B. He may lose the race. C. He missed the training camp.
3. What’s the weather like now?
A. Fine B. Rainy C. Windy
4. Why didn’t Tim make any reply to Helen?
A. He didn’t recognize her.
B. He was looking after his wife.
C. He was bus y with a phone call.
5. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Doctor and patient. C. Waiter and customer.
第二节(共15小题;每小题7.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What is special about tomorrow?
A. It’s Earth Day. B. It’s Car-free Day. C. It’s the woman’s birthday.
7. How does the man usually go to work?
A. By bus. B. By car. C. By bike.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does the woman usually takes a hat on her trip?
A. To keep her hair in shape.
B. To make her look fashionable.
C. To prepare for different weather.
9. What does the man suggest taking?
A. A raincoat B. A blanket C. Sunglasses.
10. Where are the speakers going?
A. The countryside. B. The beach. C. The mountains.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where is the house?
A. On the top floor B. On the middle floor C. On the ground floor.
12. What do we know about the house?
A. It’s pretty small B. It’s near the street C. It’s well furnished
13. What are the speakers going to do next?
A See the house B. Move into the house C. Check the electric wires
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. When did the man first see the dog?
A. Last week B. Three weeks ago C. One month ago
15. What is the dog like?
A. Unfriendly B. Playful C. Low-spirited
16. What will Dean do today?
A Have a check-up B. Practice baseball C. Go to an animal hospital
17. Why doesn’t the woman keep pets?
A. She can’t afford the cost. B. She can’t stand their deaths. C. She can’t spare time for them.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker trying to do?
A. Tell the different uses of umbrellas.
B. Introduce new kinds of umbrellas.
C. Call for votes for the umbrella.
19. What does the speaker say about the umbrella?
A. It is hard to make. B. It makes streets colorful. C. It is a modern invention.
20. How can the listeners express their opinions?
A. By making calls. B. By writing letters. C. By sending text messages.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to Shanghai Ocean Aquarium (水族馆)
Covering a total area of 22,400 square meters, Shanghai Ocean Aquarium (SOA) is located in Pudong New Area. With a theme of ‘“cross Continents — Through Worlds of Water,” the aquarium is divided into 8 zones, displaying more than 300 species and a total of more than 14,000 precious fish from five continents and four oceans.
What will you discover at the ocean aquarium?
Take an underwater journey that starts from China and continues throughout the major continents and regions of the world. Walk through a 200-meter-long undersea tunnel, one of the longest of its kind in the world, to have a close contact with the colorful ocean world. Admire the uniqueness of ocean life from the Polar Regions to the tropics, particularly rare and precious species from the famous Changjiang River.
Opening time
9:00-18:00
9:00-21:00 for Summer Holiday (July and August), National Day Holiday and Chinese New Year Holiday
Admission
Adult £10/ Child £6
Free guided tours run hourly from Monday to Saturday between 10 am and 3 pm.
On Sundays, service of a VR tour is offered, £5 for each person.
For groups with more than ten members, we offer free entry to 2 children (under 10) at most.
Since its opening in February, 2002, SOA has received more than 1 million tourists every year from within China and all over the world. For more information, visit https://www.trip.com/travel-euidc/shanghai/shanghai-ocean-aquarium-80473/, call (86-21) 58779988 or email us at Iearning@sh-soa.com.
1. In Shanghai Ocean Aquarium, visitors can do the following EXCEPT ________.
A. admiring precious fish B. walking through underwater tunnel
C. swimming in the sea D. increasing knowledge about sea life
2. Two adults with 10 eight-year-old kids will pay at least ________ if they all employ VR tour service this Sunday.
A. £80 B. £98 C. £128 D. £140
3. Where does this passage probably come from?
A. A news report. B. A science textbook.
C. A nature magazine. D. A tourist guide.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了上海海洋水族馆的一些情况，如开放时间、入场费等信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据What will you discover at the ocean aquarium?部分中Take an underwater journey that starts from China and continues throughout the major continents and regions of the world. Walk through a 200-meter-long undersea tunnel, one of the longest of its kind in the world, to have a close contact with the colorful ocean world. Admire the uniqueness of ocean life from the Polar Regions to the tropics, particularly rare and precious species from the famous Changjiang River.可知以中国为起点，贯穿世界各大洲和地区的海底之旅。穿过世界上最长的海底隧道——200米长的海底隧道，与五彩缤纷的海洋世界来一次亲密接触。欣赏从极地到热带地区的独特海洋生物，特别是来自著名的长江中的珍稀物种。由此可知，在上海海洋水族馆，游客可以欣赏珍贵的鱼、走海底隧道以及增加关于海洋生物的知识，只有C选项“在海里游泳”文章没有提到。故选C。
2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Admission部分中Adult £10/ Child £6(成人10英镑/儿童6英镑)；On Sundays, service of a VR tour is offered, £5 for each person.(周日提供VR游服务，每人5英镑)以及For groups with more than ten members, we offer free entry to 2 children (under 10) at most.( 10人以上的团体，我们最多只提供2名儿童(10岁以下)免费入场)由此可知，两个大人带着10个8岁的孩子，如果他们都在本周日使用VR旅游服务，他们将支付入场费10+10+8*6=68美元，VR旅游服务需要花费12*5=60美元，故至少需要支付68+60=128美元。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题Welcome to Shanghai Ocean Aquarium (水族馆)(欢迎来到上海海洋水族馆)以及文章主要介绍了上海海洋水族馆的一些情况，如开放时间、入场费等信息。由此可推知，这篇文章最有可能来自一本旅游指南。故选D。
B
Losing a baby tooth can be fun for a kid. You can put it under your pillow and look forward to finding some money there in the morning. And then you can watch your new permanent(永恒的）tooth grow in its place.
But if a permanent tooth falls out, that's a problem. There isn't another one under the gum（齿龈）that can replace it. Unfortunately, this happens to some older people. And if permanent teeth fall out or need to be pulled, an older person might need dentures.
Dentures,known as false teeth, are a set of replacement teeth for any teeth that are missing.
There are partial dentures, which take the place of only a few teeth and prevent the others from changing position. If all the teeth are gone, the person would need complete dentures,which replace every tooth in the mouth.
Dentures can cause pains at first but take little time to get used to.They also need special care. They should be brushed daily with a special denture brush and cleanser and soaked(浸泡） in denture solution when not in the mouth.
Dentures are important for the old because, without teeth, it's hard to smile, talk, and eat properly. But it can be a little weird if you see someone take out his or her dentures. It can also be strange to see someone, like a grandparent, without dentures in because he or she won't have any teeth. Try not to make fun of the person because this could cause hurt feelings.
People usually lose their permanent teeth due to periodontal disease (牙周炎）， or gum disease, which is caused by bacteria that attack the gums. Diseased gums aren't strong and healthy, so teeth can get loose and fall out. Older people often have many cavities (洞） that have been filled over the years, and these fillings can weaken over time, leading to more tooth problems.
4. If one of your baby teeth falls out, you_______
A. should have a false tooth fixed in its place
B. will gain a permanent tooth in future.
C. have to put it under your pillow at once
D. can exchange it for some money
5. A person wearing dentures_________
A. will experience unpleasant feelings at the beginning
B. will spend a very long time adjusting himself or herself to them
C. should brush them with a special denture brush every few days
D. should use denture solution to soak them in his or her mouth
6. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Partial dentures can prevent the remaining teeth from changing position.
B. Old people will find it hard to smile, talk, and eat properly without teeth.
C. A person's teeth will possibly get loose if diseases strike his gums.
D. It is hard for a person to wear dentures if all his teeth have fallen out.
7. What does the underlined word "weird" mean in the fifth paragraph?
A. inconvenient B. excited C. strange D. impolite
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章对假牙的作用和重要性进行了说明。

【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“And then you can watch your new permanent(永恒的）tooth grow in its place.”（然后你就可以看到你的新恒牙在原来的地方生长了。）可知，当乳牙掉后，会有一颗新的恒牙长出来，故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Dentures can cause pains at first but take little time to get used to.”（假牙一开始会引起疼痛，但很快就会习惯。）可知，戴假牙在刚开始时会产生疼痛，需要一段时间来适应，故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“There are partial dentures, which take the place of only a few teeth and prevent the others from changing position.”（有部分假牙，它只能代替几颗牙齿，防止其他牙齿改变位置。）可知，局部假牙可以防止剩余的牙齿改变位置，所以选项A正确，排除A；根据第六段第一句“Dentures are important for the old because, without teeth, it's hard to smile, talk, and eat properly.”（假牙对老年人很重要，因为没有牙齿，就很难微笑、说话和正常饮食。）可知，老年人会发现没有牙齿就很难微笑、说话和正常饮食，所以选项B正确，排除B；根据最后一段“People usually lose their permanent teeth due to periodontal disease (牙周炎）， or gum disease, which is caused by bacteria that attack the gums. Diseased gums aren't strong and healthy, so teeth can get loose and fall out.”（人们失去恒牙通常是由于牙周病或牙龈疾病，这种疾病是由攻击牙龈的细菌引起的。患病的牙龈不结实不健康，所以牙齿会松动脱落。）可知，牙龈生病的话，人的牙齿可能会松动，所以选项C正确，排除C；根据第五段“It can also be strange to see someone, like a grandparent, without dentures in because he or she won't have any teeth. ”（看到像爷爷奶奶这样的人因为没有牙齿而没有戴假牙也会很奇怪。）可知，牙齿全掉的人也是可以戴假牙的，所以选项D错误，故选D。
4.词义推测题。根据画线词后的“It can also be strange to see someone, like a grandparent, without dentures in because he or she won't have any teeth. ”（看到像爷爷奶奶这样的人因为没有牙齿而没有戴假牙也会很奇怪。）中的also可知，前后两句呈承接并列关系，所以前后句想表达的意思相似，所以weird在此处的意思应为奇怪，故选C。
C
By now, most people know they should be eating more vegetables. But are there ways to get more from the vegetables you already eat? A research shows that when it comes to vegetables, it’s not only how much we eat, but also how we prepare them, that decides the vitamins and other nutrients that enter our body.
Many studies show that people who eat lots of vegetables have less heart disease, and eye problems and even cancer. But raw vegetables are not always best. The researchers found that 198 Germans who eat raw food were short of lycopene, the matter found in tomatoes and other red vegetables. “There is an idea that raw foods are always going to be better,” says Steven K. Clinton, a professor at Ohi o State University. “For fruits and vegetables, sometimes a little bit of cooking can be helpful.”
A number of factors decide how the vegetables do good to people’s health before they reach the table, including where and how they were grown and stored before being bought. No single cooking way is best. Some nutrients are easily lost in cooking if they are cooked in different ways.
Vitamins C and B are often lost. In January, another report said that boiling was better for carrots than frying or serving them raw. Frying was the worst way to cook.
What cooked with the vegetables can also be important? When the vegetables were cooked with fat, the diners can get more nutrients. Fat can also make the taste of vegetables better, meaning that people will eat more of them. Putting on some other things that make it taste better—a little salt—can make the food taste better.
8. The writer mainly wants to tell us that ________.
A. people should eat more vegetables
B. the way people eat vegetables is important
C. eating vegetables is good for us
D. how much vegetables one should eat
9. The people who eat the raw vegetables for a long time will ________.
A. have the eyes problems B. have heart disease
C. be in need of lycopene D. hate eating tomatoes
10. The following decide how the vegetables do good to people EXCEPT ________.
A. the place where the vegetables are grown
B. the way how the vegetables are stored
C. the way how the vegetables are prepared
D. the price at which the vegetable are sold
11. From the last paragraph, we can know ________.
A. It’s better to cook vegetables with fat
B. the more fat in the cooking, the fewer vegetables people will eat
C. It’s better to cook the vegetables without salt
D. the fat will increase the nutrition of the vegetables
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是决定蔬菜食用效果的一些影响因素以及推荐食用蔬菜的方法。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“By now, most people know they should be eating more vegetables. But are there ways to get more from the vegetables you already eat? A research shows that when it comes to vegetables, it's not only how much we eat, but also how we prepare them, that decides the vitamins and other nutrients that enter our body.(到目前为止，大多数人都知道他们应该多吃蔬菜。但是有没有办法从你已经吃过的蔬菜中获得更多呢？一项研究表明，当涉及到蔬菜时，不仅是我们吃了多少，还有我们如何准备它们，这决定了维生素和其他营养物质进入我们的身体)”及文章最后一段“When the vegetables were cooked with fat, the diners can get more nutrients.(当蔬菜与脂肪一起烹饪时，食客可以获得更多的营养)”可知文章说明了决定蔬菜食用效果的一些影响因素，和推荐食用蔬菜的方法。由此可推知，作者主要想告诉我们，人们食用蔬菜的方式很重要。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The researchers found that 198 Germans who eat raw food were short of lycopene, the matter found in tomatoes and other red vegetables.(研究人员发现，198名吃生食的德国人缺乏番茄红素，这种物质存在于西红柿和其他红色蔬菜中)”可知，长期吃生蔬菜的人需要番茄红素。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A research shows that when it comes to vegetables, it's not only how much we eat, but also how we prepare them, that decides the vitamins and other nutrients that enter our body.(一项研究表明，说到蔬菜，不仅要看我们吃多少，还要看我们如何准备蔬菜，这决定了进入我们体内的维生素和其他营养物质)”可知蔬菜的制作方法将决定蔬菜是否对人有益；第三段“A number of factors decide how the vegetables do good to people's health before they reach the table, including where and how they were grown and stored before being bought.(有很多因素决定了这些蔬菜在进入餐桌前对人们的健康有什么好处，包括它们在被购买之前的生长地点和储存方式)”可知蔬菜生长的地方和蔬菜储存的方式都能影响蔬菜的食用效果，文章没有提到蔬菜的价格问题，由此可知D选项“the price at which the vegetable are sold(蔬菜的售价)”不属于影响因素。故选D项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“When the vegetables were cooked with fat, the diners can get more nutrients.(当蔬菜与脂肪一起烹饪时，食客可以获得更多的营养)”可知当蔬菜和植物油一起烹饪时，就餐者可以获得更多的营养。由此可知，蔬菜最好和植物油一起煮。故选A项。
D
What kind of relationship do you think will provide you with more life satisfaction, better health and overall well-being? A romantic relationship? A familial (家庭的) one? Surprisingly, the answer is friendship.
However, it’s not possible to have true friends without first making regular friends. Have you ever thought about how long it takes to turn an acquaintance (认识的人) into a true friend?
Well, a study published in the April issue of the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships might have the answer to that question. According to lead study author Jeffrey Hall, a communications professor at the University of Kansas in the US, we need to spend at least 80 hours with another person to create a true friendship with them.
Hall surveyed two groups as they began new chapters in their lives. One group consisted of 429 adults who had recently relocated (搬家), while the other was made up of 112 freshmen from the University of Kansas.
The results showed that the more time each person spent together, the faster friendship formed in both groups. But it seemed that Hall wasn’t satisfied. He wanted to find out exactly how many hours it takes to form a friendship.
According to the survey, “casual” friends are generally formed after spending about 30 hours together. And people will go from casual friends to regular friends after another 50 hours.
However, it takes a lot longer to get really close to someone: A “close” friendship takes about 140 hours to create and “best friends” need about 300 hours.
But spending time together isn’t the only factor (元素) when it comes to making friends. “It’s not enough to just be in the company of someone… it matters how you spend the time,” Hall told the Daily Mail.
For one thing, as Hall noted, the way we communicate matters. “Catching up, joking around and having meaningful conversation promote intimacy (亲密) and closeness, while small talk actually decreases closeness in the relationship,” he said.
And since time is precious, Hall suggested taking advantage of our school years by making as many friends as we can.
Hall’s relationship tips:
·Watch a TV series together
·Share jokes and laughter
·Have long, meaningful conversations
·Watch a movie together
·Engage (参与) in friendly competition by playing video games
12. What is the article mainly about?
A. Factors that influence the forming of a friendship.
B. How people’s personality influences the time it takes to make friends.
C. The role that friendship plays in our life.
D. The necessity to make true friends in modern society.
13. What similarity do the two groups of people in Hall’s survey share?
A. They are of the same age.
B. They are good at making friends.
C. They study at the same university.
D. They just moved to a new environment.
14. How many hours will people need to make a close friend, according to Hall’s survey?
A. About 30 hours. B. About 50 hours.
C. About 80 hours. D. About 140 hours.
15. What does Hall think helps people develop a closer friendship?
A. Joking around with their friend.
B. Having more small talk.
C. Spending more time together in silence.
D. Discussing serious topics.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了研究表明，“随意”朋友通常是在相处约30个小时后形成的，我们需要和另一个人相处至少80个小时，才能和他们建立真正的友谊。研究还发现只是和某人在一起并不重要，重要的是你如何利用时间。研究者Hall建议利用我们的学生时代尽可能多交朋友。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段的“According to lead study author Jeffrey Hall, a communications professor at the University of Kansas in the US, we need to spend at least 80 hours with another person to create a true friendship with them.( 该研究的主要作者、美国堪萨斯大学传播学教授杰弗里·霍尔表示，我们需要与另一个人相处至少80个小时，才能与他们建立真正的友谊。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了影响友谊形成的因素。故A项正确。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Hall surveyed two groups as they began new chapters in their lives.( 霍尔调查了两组开始人生新篇章的人。)”可知，Hall调查的两组人都开始了他们生活中的新的篇章，因此他们去了新的环境。故D项正确。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句“A “close” friendship takes about 140 hours to create and “best friends” need about 300 hours.(一个亲密的朋友要140小时,最好的朋友要300小时)”可知，亲密朋友需要140个小时。故D项正确。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第九段中的““Catching up, joking around and having meaningful conversation promote intimacy (亲密) and closeness, while small talk actually decreases closeness in the relationship,” he said. (他说:“叙叙旧，开开玩笑，进行有意义的交谈，可以增进亲密感和亲近感，而闲聊实际上会降低亲密感。”)”可知，和他们的朋友开玩笑有助于培养更亲密的友谊。故A项正确。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every day, people deal with disappointments. Depending on how big the disappointment is and how you choose to deal with it, the feeling of disappointment may disappear after a short while or hang over your life for an extended period of time.____16____
Contrary to what people may think, disappointments are actually positive phenomena, for two main reasons.
Disappointment reflects passion towards a cause
Disappointment is the reflection of your passion towards something, whether it is a certain goal, dream, desire or outcome. Wherever there is a cause, there will be an effect -- in this case, the passion is the cause and disappointment is the effect.____17____The very presence of disappointment suggests that this is something you care about so much that you would feel bad over it. The higher your disappointment, the stronger your passion for this is. This passion is what drives you towards your goals, dreams and desires, bringing you to places you have never been before. Remember that disappointment is always a better emotional state than neutrality where the individual feels indifferent towards anything.
____18____
Disappointment also signals an opportunity for progress and growth. If you are disappointed in an outcome, it means there is actually a certain error in your framework of thought which need to be corrected.
Whenever you are disappointed, it means you have certain mental illusions about reality which you need to address.____19____This knowledge is a source of power for you to act towards your goals.
____20____The more you deal with disappointment and learn from it, the closer you will get towards your goals and dreams.
A. Disappointment presents an opportunity for progress.
B. When was the last time you faced disappointment?
C. If you don’t care about something, you wouldn’t be feeling disappointed.
D. If not handled properly, disappointments can lead to depression and eventually lack of concern.
E. Think of disappointment as a troubleshooting tool.
F. By correcting your illusions, you are equipped with more knowledge.
G. To feel nothing is to be a robot, a machine.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了我们不仅要正确地处理失望，也要看到失望的积极面。
【16题详解】
根据前一句“Depending on how big the disappointment is and how you choose to deal with it, the feeling of disappointment may disappear after a short while or hang over your life for an extended period of time.（取决于失望的程度和你选择如何处理它，失望的感觉可能会在很短的时间内消失，或者在你的一生中持续很长一段时间。）”可知，空处谈论的是处理失望带来的影响；结合选项可知，选项D. If not handled properly, disappointments can lead to depression and eventually lack of concern. 如果处理不当，失望会导致抑郁，最终导致缺乏关心，承接上一句，符合题意。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据前一句“Wherever there is a cause, there will be an effect -- in this case, the passion is the cause and disappointment is the effect.（只要有原因，就会有结果——在这种情况下，激情就是原因，失望就是结果。）”可知，空处谈论的是失望是有原因的；结合选项可知，选项C. If you don’t care about something, you wouldn’t be feeling disappointed. 如果你不在乎什么，你就不会感到失望，承接上一句，符合题意。故选C。
【18题详解】
空处是对本段内容的总结，根据空后“Disappointment also signals an opportunity for progress and growth. ”可知，失望也预示着进步和增长的机会。由此可知，空处说的是失望也有可能意味着进步；结合选项可知，选项A. Disappointment presents an opportunity for progress. 失望是进步的机会，能概括下一段的内容，符合题意。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Whenever you are disappointed, it means you have certain mental illusions about reality which you need to address.”可知，每当你失望的时候，这意味着你对现实有某种心理幻想，你需要解决这些问题。由此可知，空处谈论如何解决心理幻想；结合选项可知，选项F. By correcting your illusions, you are equipped with more knowledge. 通过纠正你的幻想，你将获得更多的知识，呼应前一句，符合题意。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据空后“The more you deal with disappointment and learn from it, the closer you will get towards your goals and dreams.”可知，你处理失望和学习它,你会得到靠近你的目标和梦想。由此可知，空处作者建议我们要看到失望的积极面；结合选项可知，选项E. Think of disappointment as a troubleshooting tool. 可以把失望看作是一种故障排除工具，与后一句表述的意思一致，符合题意。故选E。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共四节，满分55分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was visiting Costa Rica when I found myself in a bad situation: all my bank cards weren’t ___21___ abroad, and I only had $5 and a return ticket in two weeks. Back then, there were no cellphones or Internet. It was ___22___who came to my rescue to get me home.
I thought the city dangerous and decided to find kind people in the ___23___. With my remaining coins, I ___24___ to the bus station and found a countryside that I could ___25___. Five hours later, I arrived at Santa Rosa. I went knocking door to door, ___26___ my situation with my very poor Spanish, ___27___ everyone pointed me to another house.
Finally, I ___28___ a Chinese restaurant. The owner was extremely ___29___. She heard my story and felt ___30___ for me. She said her son had a similar ___31___. At that time, some other people were very kind to him, and she remembered how ___32___ that made her feel. She invited me in, gave me food, and called the Red Cross to ___33___ me. I spent my remaining days in Costa Rica with the head of Red Cross.
I realized that being able to receive kindness is a ___34___ for other people as well. And kindness ___35___ more kindness in small ripples (波纹).
21. A. working B. paying C. travelling D. increasing
22. A. villagers B. tourists C. visitors D. strangers
23. A. street B. town C. countryside D. community
24. A. drove B. flew C. headed D. slid
25. A. buy B. afford C. rent D. earn
26. A. explaining B. sharing C. exchanging D. exploring
27. A. or B. but C. and D. therefore
28. A. thought of B. heard of C. arrived at D. aimed at
29. A. rich B. kind C. busy D. serious
30. A. proud B. happy C. excited D. sorry
31. A. adventure B. experience C. failure D. strategy
32. A. warm B. curious C. cool D. strange
33. A. choose B. calm C. comfort D. rescue
34. A. gift B. trouble C. trap D. request
35. A. improves B. challenges C. encourages D. designs
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。十年前，作者在哥斯达黎加旅行时，发现自己的处境很糟糕。他只知道基本的西班牙语，而他拥有的唯一财产是一些硬币。他四处求助，直到有一位中国餐馆的老板帮助了他。然后作者意识到，当你处于能够接受的位置时，它实际上让人们感到更快乐。能够接受善意也是给别人的一份礼物，而善意会在小小的波纹中激起更多的善意。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我所有的银行卡都不能在国外使用。A. working工作；起作用；B. paying付钱；C. travelling旅行；D. increasing增加。根据“and I only had $5 and a return ticket in two weeks.”可知，作者的银行卡在国外使用不了。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：是陌生人来救我，把我带回家。A. villagers村民；B. tourists游客；C. visitors参观者；D. strangers陌生人。根据下文可知，是一家餐馆的老板帮助了作者，所以是陌生人。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得城市很危险，于是决定到乡下去寻找善良的人。A. street大街；B. town城镇；C. countryside乡下；D. community社区。根据“I thought the city dangerous”可知，作者认为城市太危险，所以到乡下寻找善良人帮助。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：带着剩下的硬币，我去了汽车站，发现了一个我能付得起（车票）的乡村。A. drove驾驶；B. flew飞； C. headed 前进；D. slid下滑。head to sp.前往某地。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。带着剩下的硬币，我去了汽车站，发现了一个我能付得起（车票）的乡村。句意：A. buy买；B. afford付得起；C. rent租；D. earn赚得。根据“With my remaining coins,”可知，因为作者只剩下一些硬币，所以只能买付得起的车票。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挨家挨户敲门，用我那蹩脚的西班牙语解释我的处境。A. explaining解释；B. sharing分享；C. exchanging交换；D. exploring探索。根据“with my very poor Spanish”可知，作者用蹩脚的西班牙语解释自己的处境。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：但每个人都指我到另外一家。A. or或者；B. but但是；C. and和；D. therefore因此。根据前后句可知，这里为转折关系。故选B。
28题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：最后，我来到了一家中国餐馆。A. thought of想到；B. heard of听说；C. arrived at到达；D. aimed at旨在。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：店主非常和蔼可亲。A. rich富的；B. kind善良的；C. busy忙的；D. serious严肃的。根据下文可知，店主非常善良，主动帮助作者。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她听了我的故事，对我感到同情。A. proud骄傲的；B. happy高兴的；C. excited激动地；D. sorry难过的。feel sorry for sb.同情某人。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说她的儿子也有类似的经历。A. adventure冒险；B. experience经历；C. failure失败；D. strategy策略。根据“At that time, some other people were very kind to him,”可知，店主儿子也有过类似的经历。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她记得那使她感到多么温暖。A. warm温暖的；B. curious 好奇地；C. cool冷漠的；D. strange奇怪的。别人善待她的儿子，她的心里感到非常温暖。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她邀请我进去，给我食物，打电话给红十字会来救我。A. choose选择；B. calm镇静；C. comfort安慰；D. rescue拯救。根据上文“It was ___2___who came to my rescue to get me home.”提示可知，店主打电话给红十字会来救作者。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到能够接受善意也是给别人的礼物。A. gift礼物；B. trouble麻烦；C. trap陷阱；D. request要求。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：并且善意会在小小的波纹中激发起更多的善意。A. improves提高；B. challenges挑战；C. encourages激发；D. designs设计。这里指善意会传递，激发起更多的善意。故选C。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的词，如有括号提示， 请以提示词的正确形式填空。
There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every student in the school wears the uniform, nobody ___36___ (have) to worry about fashion (时尚). Everybody wears ___37___ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___38___ gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ___39___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ___40___ (easy) see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ___41___ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students’ grades ___42___ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn’t want ___43___ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ___44___(connect) uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are ____45____ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don’t have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.
【答案】36. has##will have
37. the 38. that##which
39. cycling
40. easily 41. to
42. improved
43. to wear
44. connection##connections
45. traditional
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了穿校服的各种好处，讨论了校服与成绩之间的关系。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：当学校里的每个学生都穿校服时，就没有人需要担心时尚了。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，本句是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，因此，主句可使用将来时will have；根据语境可知，本句叙述的是客观事实，因此，本句亦可用一般现在时，主语是nobody，谓语用has。故填has/will have。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿同样款式的衣服。由空后same可知，此处为定冠词the，构成the same的固定短语。故填the。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在夹克的边缘有一块布，在黑暗中会发光。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词that/which引导的定语从句，先行词cloth在从句中作主语成分。故填that/which。
【39题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑自行车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到他们。由or连接的walking为现在分词可知，此处也应为现在分词形式，共同构成并列谓语，为现在进行时。故填cycling。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑自行车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到他们。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词easily修饰动词see。故填easily。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：这个问题的答案还不清楚。分析句子可知，此处为固定搭配The answer to“……的答案”，所以此处为介词to的填入。故填to。
42题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，学校引入校服后，学生的成绩略有提高。本句是after引导的时间状语从句，前后时态保持一致，从句使用了一般过去时，主句用一般过去时。故填improved。
【43题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：但是有些学生不想穿校服。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语want to do“想要做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to wear。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：美国的其他研究显示，校服和学校表现之间没有联系。分析句子可知，空前no是形容词，形容词修饰名词，此处名词可用复数也可用单数形式。故填connection/ connections。
45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：校服在英国是一种传统，但一些学校正开始取消校服。根据句意以及空前are为系动词可知，此处为形容词traditional“传统的”作表语，满足句意要求。故填traditional。
第三节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。
46. You have both a new desire for i________ and a continued need for your parents’ love and support. (根据首字母填单词)
【答案】independence##ndependence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你对独立有了新的渴望，也继续需要父母的爱和支持。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词independence“独立”作宾语，不可数名词。故填independence。

47. Study without thinking leads to___________（confuse); thinking without study ends in puzzlement. （用所给单词适当形式填空）
【答案】confusion
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：学而不思则罔（疑惑），思而不学则殆（迷惑）。confuse“使疑惑；使困惑”为动词，lead to“导致”为动词短语，其中to为介词，需要名词作介词宾语。confuse的名词形式为confusion（不可数名词），故填confusion。
48. I found Maths quite easy and enjoyable because the material was less ________ (advance) in the UK than in China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】advanced
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我发现数学很简单，也很有趣，因为英国的教材不如中国先进。观察句子可知，空处应填形容词与less后构成比较级，作表语；advanced意思为：先进的，符合题意。故填advanced。
49. Although there was not as much homework as I was used to, it was still ________ (challenge). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】challenging
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然没有像我习惯的那么多家庭作业，但它仍然很具有挑战性。was是系动词，接形容词challenging“具有挑战性的”作表语，故填challenging。
50. Chinese Calligraphy is one of the many ________(option)courses offered to students.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】optional
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：中国书法是提供给学生的众多选修课程之一。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词作定语修饰名词courses，结合句意可知，此处意为“可选择的”，应用形容词optional。故填optional。
51. Heated ___________(argue) and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】arguments
【解析】
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：激烈的争论和冷淡的沉默在青少年和他们的父母之间很常见。此处作主语用名词，argument指一次争论或辩论时，是可数名词；谓语are是复数形式，主语用复数形式。故填arguments。
52. Teenagers’ physical changes may result in such family ________ (tense). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】tension
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：青少年的身体变化可能会导致这种家庭紧张。分析句子可知，空处填名词作介词宾语，tension“紧张，紧张关系”，不可数名词，故填tension。
53. He is ________ (anxiety) about his skin because it has started to become very oily, with lots of red spots. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】anxious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他对自己的皮肤感到焦虑，因为开始变得很油，长了许多粉刺。is是系动词，接形容词作表语，anxiety“焦虑”，名词，形容词anxious，故填anxious。
54. Today is the start of a new term, the start of a three-year journey and the start of a ________ (promise) future. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】promising
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：今天是新学期的开始，是三年征程的开始，是美好未来的开始。根据句意及提示词可知，此处使用形容词promising“有希望的，有前途的”，修饰名词future。故填promising。
55. After her conversation with Mr Zhou, Maggie wrote a ________ (propose) for a new school club. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】proposal

【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：和周老师谈话后，麦琪写了一份关于新学校俱乐部的提案。由句意及空前的不定冠词a可知此处应填名词的单数形式，作宾语。propose的名词为proposal，为“提案”之意。故填proposal。
第四节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
根据中文提示，用课文中的词组填空。
56. You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends, ______________(快速长高)in height or getting left far behind. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】shooting up
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你可能会感到焦虑，因为你的发育速度与你的朋友不一样，你快速长高，或者远远落在了后面。根据汉语提示“快速长高”，可知短语为shoot up，且此处在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语you构成主动关系， 故应用现在分词作状语。故填shooting up。
57. ___________ __________(简而言之)， potential is your natural ability that can be developed when you try hard enough.
【答案】 ①. Put ②. simply
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：简而言之，潜力是当你足够努力时可以被开发的天生的能力。空处表示“简而言之”，使用固定短语put simply，注意句首单词的首字母大写，故填Put simply。
58. The possibilities are endless, and I ________ ________ ________ (相信) your ability to make a difference to your family, to your community and to our country. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. have ②. confidence ③. in
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和短语。句意：可能性是无穷无尽的，我相信你们有能力为你们的家庭、你们的社区和我们的国家做出改变。根据汉语提示“相信”，可知，用have confidence in sth.，由上文的are可知，用一般现在时，故填have confidence in。
59. Through this kind of healthy discussion, you will learn when to ________ ________ (承认错误) and when to ask your parents to relax their control. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. back ②. down
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：通过这种健康的讨论，你将学会什么时候承认错误，什么时候让父母放松对你的控制。根据汉语提示，back down表示“承认错误；认输”，此处用是“疑问副词+不定式”结构作并列宾语，to是不定式符号，故填back down。
60. ______ (同样重要的)are good study habits,useful skills and a positive attitude.(根据中文提示填空)
【答案】Of equal importance
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：同样重要的是良好的学习习惯、有用的技能和积极的态度。根据中文提示“同样重要的”可知短语为of equal importance，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Of equal importance。
61. Do you feel that you just cannot ________ ________ ________ ________ (与……看法一致) with them on anything? (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. see
②. eye ③. to ④. eye
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：你是否觉得你在任何事情上都不能和他们意见一致？根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词短语see eye to eye with sb.“与某人达成一致看法”，情态动词后接动词原形。故填①see；②eye；③to；④eye 。

62. The teacher helped me ________ the parts ________ (组装). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. put ②. together
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：老师帮助我组装零件。根据汉语提示，“组装”译为put...together，help后接不带to不定式作宾语补足语，故填put，together。
63. I ________ ________ for Daniel ________ (迫不及待) visit China! (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. can’t ②. wait ③. to
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和不定式。句意：我迫不及待地要丹尼尔来访问中国了。固定句型can’t wait (for sb. ) to do sth.“迫不及待（某人）做某事”，故填can’t wait，to。
64. We had better ________ big goals ________ (分解) into small ones. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. break ②. down
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们最好把大目标分成小目标。根据汉语提示可知短语为break down“分解”，且had better do sth.。故填①break；② down。
65. This will ________ you ________ (提醒) what you are working for and keep you focused. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. remind ②. of
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和动词时态。句意：这会提醒你你在为什么工作，让你保持专注。空处为谓语动词，表示“提醒”应用动词短语remind of，由空前的情态动词will可知应填动词原形。故空①答案为remind，空②答案为of。
第四部分 写作(15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Laura的父母过分关心她的日常生活，不允许她和朋友外出，她因此深感苦恼，写信向你寻求建议，请你根据以下要点给她写一封回信：
1.表示理解；
2.给出建议；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
Dear Laura,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Laura,
I am glad to hear from you and sorry to learn that you are upset that your parents are too concerned about your daily life and don’t allow you to go out with your friends.
It is quite normal for you to feel like that. Here are some tips for you, which I hope can help you change the situation. To begin with, you have to be open and honest with your parents about your real thoughts and annoyance. Meanwhile, tell your parents about your desire for independence and social activity. Besides, reassure your parents by letting them know what kind of friends you are making. Not only can friends keep you company, they can also offer you some mental support.
I believe the period will not last long. Everything will turn out all right in the end.

Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Laura的父母过分关心她的日常生活，不允许她和朋友外出，她因此深感苦恼，写信向你寻求建议，请你根据以下要点给她写一封回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：tip→suggestion
渴望：desire→eagerness
提供：offer→give
此外：Besides=In addition
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It is quite normal for you to feel like that.
拓展句：What you are feeling is quite normal.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Here are some tips for you, which I hope can help you change the situation. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Not only can friends keep you company, they can also offer you some mental support. (运用了not only...but also句型及倒装句型)