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2022-2023学年浙江大学附属中学高二下学期期中考试英语试卷含答案
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这是一份2022-2023学年浙江大学附属中学高二下学期期中考试英语试卷含答案，共9页。试卷主要包含了5 分,满分 7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022 学年第二学期浙大附中期中考试
高二英语试卷
第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who failed to attend the charity concert?
A. Mandy. B. Mary. C. Athena.
2. What will Sara do tonight?
A. Go jogging. B. See a film. C. Work out at the gym.
3. Why was Tom absent from the party?
A. He didn’t get the invitation.
B. He was worried about his friend.
C. He was involved in a car accident.
4. What does the man suggest Karen do?
A. See a doctor. B. Try a new project. C. Take good care of herself.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The effect of online learning.
B. Preparations for going abroad.
C. Ways to learn a foreign language.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What is the price of the jeans today?
A. $60. B. $90. C. $150.
7. Where will the man go first?
A. The cashier desk. B. The Kids Wear area. C. The dressing room.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. How did the interviewers feel after reading Mark’s resume?
A. Satisfied. B. Embarrassed. C. Disappointed.
9. What seems to be Mark’s weakness?
A. Having little work experience.
B. Being poor at speaking in public.
C. Lacking confidence in the interview.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. Where does the woman usually watch the 2022 Winter Olympics?
A. On her cellphone. B. On TV. C. On the computer.
11. What does the news say about the 2022 Winter Olympics?
A. It can be the best in history.
B. It’s widely watched in the US.
C. It promotes streaming services.
12. What sports is Leonard most interested in?
A. Figure skating. B. Freestyle skiing. C. Ice hockey.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. What is Bruce’s plan for this afternoon?
A. Doing some research.
B. Gathering some news online.
C. Writing articles for the school paper.
14. What damage did the crash cause?
A. Thirty-nine deaths.
B. Two missing people.
C. Some severe injuries.
15. How did Serge Gelle survive?
A. He got help from rescuers.
B. He was saved by local people.
C. He kept swimming for 12 hours.
16. What was Serge Gelle?
A. A sportsman. B. A policeman. C. A government official.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What will Todd Messegee be responsible for?
A. Directing a play. B. Writing a play. C. Starring in a play.
18. What will participants mainly do by Thursday?
A. Practice the play.
B. Attend a lecture on acting.
C. Perform on stage formally.
19. How long will the program last?
A. 4 days. B. 5 days. C. 6 days.
20. What is the speaker doing?
A. Advertising an acting program.
B. Drawing up a plan for a program.
C. Announcing arrangements for a play.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
AI makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see the amazing AI.
Cool driverless bus
A bus door opens and you get on. Wait! Where is the driver? Here is a new kind of driverless bus called Apolong. It has 14 seats and doesn’t need a driver. The bus follows traffic rules. It stops as soon as it sees a stop light.
Your close friend
Hi, everyone. I’m Xiaobing, a chatbot(聊天机器人). I speak like a 17-year-old girl. If you feel lonely, you can talk with me. I’m talented at singing, writing poems and telling stories. I want to be your friend!
World’s first anchor(主播)
Hey, look! The famous Chinese anchor Qiu Hao is reporting the news for us. But is “he” really Qiu Hao? The answer is “no”. This is the world’s first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It can work 24 hours and doesn’t make any mistakes. You might see it on TV soon.
Popular AI artist
This beautiful painting was at an auction(拍卖) in 2020. The painting is worth about 3,000,000 yuan! But it is not a work by a famous painter, such as Vincent van Gogh. It was painted by an AI artist. Three Frenchmen created the AI artist. It studied over 15,000 paintings. In this way, it learned to paint.
1. What do we know about Apolong?
A. the bus door can’t open itself B. it stops as soon as it sees a stop light
C. there are 24 seats in it D. it doesn’t follow the traffic rules
2. What can Xiaobing NOT do?
A. sing B. talk with you if you feel lonely
C. be your friend D. go out to play with you
3. What can you learn from the passage?
A. AI makes our lives harder and worse.
B. Xiaobing is a 17-year-old girl.
C. The painting is worth about 3,000,000 yuan at an auction.
D. This new kind of driverless bus also needs a driver to control it.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四款人工智能产品的性能。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cool driverless bus中的“It stops as soon as it sees a stop light. (它一看到红灯就停了下来。)”可知，Apolong一看到红灯就停下来。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Your close friend中的“I’m Xiaobing, a chatbot(聊天机器人). I speak like a 17-year-old girl. If you feel lonely, you can talk with me. I’m talented at singing, writing poems and telling stories. I want to be your friend! (我是小冰，一个聊天机器人。我说话像个17岁的女孩。如果你感到孤独，你可以和我聊聊。我在唱歌、写诗和讲故事方面很有天赋。我想成为你的朋友!)”可知，小冰可以唱歌、如果你感到孤独和你聊天和做你的朋友，但不可以和你一起出去玩。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Popular AI artist中的“This beautiful painting was at an auction(拍卖) in 2020. The painting is worth about 3,000,000 yuan! (这幅美丽的画曾在2020年的拍卖会上(拍卖)展出。这幅画价值约300万元!)”可知，这幅画在拍卖会上价值约300万元。故选C。
B
On March 11, 2011, 16-year-old Yuzuru Hanyu was skating at a local rink when the ice beneath him began cracking. He was experiencing 2011’s deadly Great East Japan Earthquake, which had a magnitude of 9.0 and killed at least 18,500 people. The event left him with a greater determination to make every day count.
He was introduced to the world of figure skating at the age of 4. As he watched his sister skate, her coach suggested that the energetic little boy give skating a try. He loved the sport and entered his first competition at age 10. By the time he was 19, Hanyu had won two Olympic gold medals. This achievement made him the first Asian skater in the men’s singles category to be an Olympic champion.
What sets Hanyu apart from other competitive figure skaters? At 53 kilograms, he’s thin. But Hanyu is very strong and able to perfectly perform jumps and moves on the ice that others can only attempt. Hanyu’s performances feature long, smooth and high leg kicks. As he glides effortlessly across the ice, he sometimes looks more like a ballet dancer than a figure skater.When people watch Hanyu perform, it’s clear how much he enjoys himself, and the audiences love him in return. After many performances, people in the crowd shower Hanyu with his loved Pooh Bears.
There’s no denying Hanyu’s star power on the ice, but he’s admired off the ice as well. Since the deadly earthquake, Hanyu has helped raise funds for victims. Over the past 10 years, he has also personally given about US$300,000 to help rebuild the local ice rink in Sendai, Hanyu’s hometown. The little boy who started out at his neighborhood rink is now adored by people from around the globe.
4. Why does the author mention the earthquake in Paragraph 1?
A. To introduce the biggest earthquake. B. To list its serious damage to Japan.
C. To show its influence on Hanyu. D. To encourage us to value our life.
5. What can we learn about Hanyu?
A. His parents discovered his talent early. B. He got the first gold medal at age ten.
C. He was well known for high leg kicks. D. He got Pooh Bears as a prize in a competition.
6. Which of the following best describes Yuzuru Hanyu?
A. Considerate and humorous. B. Gifted and generous.
C. Ambitious and honest. D. Responsible and curious.
7. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. A Skater Giving a Hand to Victims
B. Figure Skating Becoming Popular in the World
C. Yuzuru Hanyu — A Two-Time Olympic Champion
D. A Star on Ice Winning Hearts Around the World
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了花样滑冰运动员羽生结弦，介绍了他从事这项运动的经过以及他个人的一些优点。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“On March 11, 2011, 16-year-old Yuzuru Hanyu was skating at a local rink when the ice beneath him began cracking. He was experiencing 2011’s deadly Great East Japan Earthquake, which had a magnitude of 9.0 and killed at least 18,500 people. The event left him with a greater determination to make every day count.(2011年3月11日，16岁的羽生结弦在当地的溜冰场滑冰时，脚下的冰开始破裂。他正在经历2011年致命的东日本大地震，那次地震的震级为9.0级，造成至少18,500人死亡。这件事使他更有决心过好每一天)”可推知，作者在第一段提到地震是为了显示它对羽生结弦的影响。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Hanyu’s performances feature long, smooth and high leg kicks.(羽生结弦的表演特点是踢腿长、平稳、高)”可知，羽生结弦以高踢腿闻名。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“He loved the sport and entered his first competition at age 10. By the time he was 19, Hanyu had won two Olympic gold medals.(他喜欢这项运动，10岁时第一次参加比赛。到19岁的时候，他已经获得了两枚奥运金牌)”以及最后一段中“Over the past 10 years, he has also personally given about US$300,000 to help rebuild the local ice rink in Sendai, Hanyu’s hometown.(在过去的10年里，他还亲自捐助了大约30万美元，帮助在他的家乡仙台重建当地的溜冰场)”可推知，羽生结弦有天赋的和慷慨的。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“There’s no denying Hanyu’s star power on the ice, but he’s admired off the ice as well.(毫无疑问，羽生结弦在冰上的明星效应是不可否认的，但他在冰上也备受赞赏)”结合文章主要介绍了花样滑冰运动员羽生结弦，介绍了他从事这项运动的经过以及他个人的一些优点。可知，D选项“冰上的明星赢得了全世界的心”最符合文章标题。故选D。
C
Feeling overloaded by your to-do list can certainly make you unhappy, but new research suggests that more free time might not be the elixir many of us dream it could be.
In a new study released last week, researchers analyzed data from two large-scale (大规模) surveys about how Americans spend their time. Together, the surveys included more than 35,000 respondents. The researchers found that people with more free time generally had higher levels of subjective well-being — but only up to a point. People who had around two hours of free time a day generally reported they felt better than those who had less time. But people who had five or more hours of free time a day generally said they felt worse. So ultimately the free-time “sweet spot” might be two to three hours per day, the findings suggest.
Part of finding this seemingly tricky “sweet spot” has to do with how people spend the extra time they have, the researchers behind the new study argue. They conducted several smaller online experiments. In one they asked participants to imagine having 3.5 to 7 free hours per day. They were asked to imagine spending that time doing “productive” things (like exercising) or to imagine doing “unproductive” activities (like watching TV). Study participants believed their well-being would suffer if they had a lot of free time during the day — but only if they used it unproductively. Though that experiment was hypothetical, which is one limitation of the new research, it’s certainly in line with other research showing that being in a state of “flow” can be good for people’s mental health.
Of course, what feels “productive” is up to you. Many traditionally productive or purposeful activities can be easy and fun. Engaging in a bit of low-key cardio, like walking and jogging, can help burn stress. Free-time activities like reading or cooking are also known to put people in a state of flow.
8. What does the underlined word “elixir” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A. Magic solution.
B. Physical power.
C. Psychological test.
D. Relaxed atmosphere.
9. How did the researchers carry out the new study?
A. By doing large-scale online surveys.
B. By giving interviews and mental tests.
C. By comparing respondents’ backgrounds.
D. By conducting experiments and analyzing data.
10. What is a distinct finding of the new research?
A. Doing unproductive things leads to unhappiness.
B. Being in a state of flow benefits people’s mental health.
C. Man’s well-being is positively related to the free time they have.
D How people spend their free time affects their sense of well-being.
11. What is the focus of the last paragraph?
A. The importance of burning stress.
B. Easy and fun activities to kill time.
C. Further explanation of being productive.
D. The benefits of engaging in free-time activities.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一项实验研究，得出结论：人的幸福感跟空闲时间的长短无关，而跟空闲时间的使用率相关。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Feeling overloaded by your to-do list can certainly make you unhappy, but new research suggests that more free time might not be the elixir many of us dream it could be.(被待办事项清单压得喘不过气来肯定会让你不开心，但新的研究表明，更多的空闲时间可能不是我们许多人梦想的灵丹妙药)”中的but转折可知，面对待办事项时，我们最需要的可能是时间，但是研究表明，事实并非如我们想象的这般，太多的空闲时间反而不是解决待办事项的最好方法。由此可推知，划线词“elixir”与“Magic solution”表达意义相同，指“万能的（解决方法）”。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“In a new study released last week, researchers analyzed data from two large-scale (大规模) surveys about how Americans spend their time.(在上周发布的一项新研究中，研究人员分析了两项关于美国人如何打发时间的大规模调查的数据)”及第三段第二句“They conducted several smaller online experiments.(他们进行了几项规模较小的在线实验)”可知，研究者是通过实验和数据分析的形式进行研究的。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第五句“Study participants believed their well-being would suffer if they had a lot of free time during the day — but only if they used it unproductively.(研究参与者相信，如果他们白天有很多空闲时间，但是没有有效利用时，他们的幸福感会变差)”可知，人们如何度过空闲时间会影响到幸福感。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段第二句“Many traditionally productive or purposeful activities can be easy and fun.(许多传统上富有成效或有意义的活动都是轻松有趣的)”及后面列举的一些活动可知，本段主要是关于介绍一些轻松有趣的，用于消磨时间的活动的。故选B。
D
When elderly people stay active, their brains have more of a class of proteins that enhances the connections between neurons (神经元) to maintain healthy cognition (认知), a UC San Francisco study has found.
“Our work is the first that uses human data to show that synapse protein regulation (突触蛋白质调节) is related to physical activity and may drive the beneficial cognitive outcomes we see,” said Kaitlin Casaletto, PhD, an assistant professor of neurology and lead author on the study. The beneficial effects of physical activity on cognition have been shown in mice but have been much harder to demonstrate in people.
The project tracked the late-life physical activity of elderly participants, who also agreed to donate their brains when they died. Maintaining the integrity of these connections between neurons may be vital to fighting against mental disorder, since the synapse is really the site where cognition happens. Physical activity—a readily available tool—may help boost this synaptic functioning.
Casaletto found that elderly people who remained active had higher levels of proteins that facilitate the exchange of information between neurons. This result agreed with the earlier finding that people who had more of these proteins in their brains when they died were better able to maintain their cognition late in life.
“It may be that physical activity generates a global sustaining effect, supporting the healthy function of proteins that facilitate synaptic transmission throughout the brain,” Casaletto said.
The brains of most older adults store poisonous proteins that are the marks of mental illnesses and the proteins can cause synapses and neurons to fall apart. “In older adults with higher levels of the proteins associated with synaptic integrity, this effect that leads to mental diseases appears to be weakened,” she said. “The study shows the potential importance of maintaining synaptic health to support the brain against mental diseases like Alzheimer’s.”
12. What helps elderly people keep cognitive ability according to the study?
A. Proteins produced during physical activity.
B. Body tissues with healthy chemical substances.
C. A certain connection between the brain regions.
D. A type of neuron formed while they’re thinking.
13. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Mental diseases may affect synaptic health.
B. Low levels of proteins help to prevent Alzheimer’s.
C. Synaptic integrity safeguards brains against mental illnesses.
D. The brain can automatically break down the poisonous proteins.
14. What’s the purpose of the text?
A. To present a research result. B. To give practical advice.
C. To tell an interesting story. D. To solve an academic problem.
15. What can be the best title of the text?
A. Breakthroughs Have Been Made in the Field of Neurons
B. Casaletto Makes Achievements in Studying Human Brains
C. Ways Are Created to Ensure the Physical Health of the Old
D. Exercise Changes Brain Chemistry to Protect Aging Synapses
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了加州大学旧金山分校的一项研究发现，当老年人保持活跃时，他们的大脑中有更多的蛋白质，这些蛋白质可以增强神经元之间的连接，以保持健康的认知。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When elderly people stay active, their brains have more of a class of proteins that enhances the connections between neurons (神经元) to maintain healthy cognition (认知), a UC San Francisco study has found.(加州大学旧金山分校的一项研究发现，当老年人保持活跃时，他们的大脑中有更多的蛋白质，这些蛋白质可以增强神经元之间的连接，以保持健康的认知。)”可知，研究表明，运动过程中产生的蛋白质有助于老年人保持认知能力。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In older adults with higher levels of the proteins associated with synaptic integrity, this effect that leads to mental diseases appears to be weakened(在与突触完整性相关的蛋白质水平较高的老年人中，这种导致精神疾病的影响似乎减弱了)”和“The study shows the potential importance of maintaining synaptic health to support the brain against mental diseases like Alzheimer’s.(这项研究显示了保持突触健康对支持大脑对抗阿尔茨海默氏症等精神疾病的潜在重要性。)”可推知，突触完整性保护大脑免受精神疾病的侵害。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When elderly people stay active, their brains have more of a class of proteins that enhances the connections between neurons (神经元) to maintain healthy cognition (认知), a UC San Francisco study has found.(加州大学旧金山分校的一项研究发现，当老年人保持活跃时，他们的大脑中有更多的蛋白质，这些蛋白质可以增强神经元之间的连接，以保持健康的认知。)”、文章第四段“Casaletto found that elderly people who remained active had higher levels of proteins that facilitate the exchange of information between neurons.( 卡萨雷托发现，保持活跃的老年人体内蛋白质水平较高，这种蛋白质有助于神经元之间的信息交换。)”和文章最后一段““In older adults with higher levels of the proteins associated with synaptic integrity, this effect that leads to mental diseases appears to be weakened,” she said. “The study shows the potential importance of maintaining synaptic health to support the brain against mental diseases like Alzheimer’s.”(“在与突触完整性相关的蛋白质水平较高的老年人中，这种导致精神疾病的影响似乎减弱了，”她说。“这项研究显示了保持突触健康对支持大脑对抗阿尔茨海默氏症等精神疾病的潜在重要性。”)”可推知，文章的写作目的是为了呈现一个研究结果。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“When elderly people stay active, their brains have more of a class of proteins that enhances the connections between neurons (神经元) to maintain healthy cognition (认知), a UC San Francisco study has found.(加州大学旧金山分校的一项研究发现，当老年人保持活跃时，他们的大脑中有更多的蛋白质，这些蛋白质可以增强神经元之间的连接，以保持健康的认知。)”可知，文章主要讲述了运动改变大脑化学物质来保护老化的突触。故选D。
第二节(共 5 个小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The way we watch television has changed, as many of us no longer follow the old model of television. In the past, a new episode (集) of a show was released once a week. ___16___ People, therefore, have created a new term：binge-watching (狂欢式刷剧). It is used to describe the behavior of watching many episodes of a whole series in a row.
___17___ In fact, a 2018 Morning Consult poll (民意调查) found that 60 percent of American adults who watched shows binge-watched. The percentage even increased among younger audiences. ___18___
Of course, every new cultural behavior has its accompanying health consequences. What is binge-watching doing to our health? ___19___ They sent an 18-question survey to 926 adults who owned a television and at least one other device with a screen. They found that heavy screen time users averaged 17.5 hours of screen-use every day. They also reported that this group’s health condition was worse than light users.
Interestingly, researchers also discovered a connection between binge-watching and greater stress. The result is surprising. ___20___ It might have been believed that people are turning to binge-watching to deal with anxiety and stress. However, that’s not the case. It could be the case that people will suffer from greater stress if watching more shows continuously.
A. Every new cultural behavior has its own causes.
B. Nowadays, binge-watching is a common behavior.
C. Now, many companies release a whole series at once.
D. People are more stressed out if they’re binge-watching.
E. Researchers at Arizona State University wanted to figure this out.
F. 73 percent of 18-to-29-year-olds binge-watched at least once a week.
G. Researchers identified binge-watchers by asking how long they watched television.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. F 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了现在人喜欢选择狂欢式刷剧，并分析了它对人的身体带来的危害。
【16题详解】
根据空前“In the past, a new episode (集) of a show was released once a week.（在过去，电视剧一周更新一集。）”和空后“People, therefore, have created a new term：binge-watching (狂欢式刷剧).（因此，人们就有了一个新的术语：狂欢式刷剧。）”可知，空前说明过去的状态是一周看一集电视机，空后提出了新的刷剧形式，故C项“现在，很多公司同时发行整部电视剧。”符合，与空前过去的方式做对比，且与空后构成因果关系，故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据空后“In fact, a 2018 Morning Consult poll (民意调查) found that 60 percent of American adults who watched shows binge-watched.（事实上，2018年的民意调查发现，60%美国成年人都属于狂欢式刷剧。）”可知，空后提到民意调查的结果，大多数人都属于连续刷剧，本空应引出后文的民意调查，故B项“现在，狂欢式刷剧已经成为了一个常见的现象。”符合，本空提出已是一种常见的现象，空后提出其民意调查的理论支撑，故选B项。
【18题详解】
根据空前“The percentage even increased among younger audiences.（比例在年轻人中还有所增加。）”可知，F项“18-29岁的年轻人中，73%至少每周疯狂式刷剧一次。”是空前的顺义承接，空前提到在年轻人中，比例有所增加，空后说明具体的比例数据，故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据空前“What is binge-watching doing to our health?（狂欢式刷剧对我们的身体会带来说明呢？）”和空后“They sent an 18-question survey to 926 adults who owned a television and at least one other device with a screen.（他们给926个成年人发了一张18个问题的调查表，这些人都有一台电视机和另一个带屏幕的电子设备。）”可知，空前提出问题，空后说明他们寻找答案的方法，故E项“亚利桑那州立大学的研究者想要弄清楚这个问题。”符合，且空后的代词They指代E项中的Researchers，故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据空前“The result is surprising.（结果却令人惊讶。）”和空后“It might have been believed that people are turning to binge-watching to deal with anxiety and stress. However, that’s not the case. It could be the case that people will suffer from greater stress if watching more shows continuously.（可能人们是为了处理焦虑和压力才选择狂欢式刷剧，然而，事实却并非如此。事实可能是如果人们一直不停地刷剧，可能感觉压力更大。）”可知，空前提出结果令人惊讶，空后提出造成这种结果的可能性，故本空应提出具体是什么结果，故D项“如果他们疯狂式刷剧的话，这会给他们带来更大的压力。”符合，故选D项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
How to recognize cyber attacks
Cyber-attacks may sound like something that happens only in Hollywood movies. You ____21____a team of talented Hackers gathered around computer monitors trying to break into a secure bank or government server. In reality, cyber-attacks are much less exciting but no less ____22____.
A/An____23____attack involves a cyber-criminal sending out thousands or oven millions of links and flies. They assume that someone will____24____ fall for their trap and open an infected file or page. Somebody always does. The best way to protect yourself is to learn how to ____25____cyber-attacks as well as how to prevent them from happening in the first place.
Cyber-attacks can happen to anybody. It doesn’t matter who you are; cyber criminals can target you. While many often think of hacking victims as____26____about digital security best practices this isn’t always the case. Kickers are smart. True, there are plenty of apparent scams (骗局) like ‘the Nigerian Price" emails. But there are as many attacks that can fool even the skillful computer-users.
Nowadays, cyber-criminals create fake websites and email addresses. You may think you are clicking a link to Dropbox (多宝箱) only to download malware onto your computer, ____27____may never know when you have visited the wrong site and downloaded a/an___28___file. So, it’s up to you to be vigilant (警觉的) and protect yourself.
So you need to lean to recognize the signs of cyber-attacks. First, recognize ____29____activity on your accounts or devices. ______30______ some things may be obvious such as account password changes, others aren’t so easy to spot. Usually, hackers insert pieces of code into valid files and programs. And then, you might receive a file from a trusted sender whose mail has been _____31_____. Sometimes, the data are even real, but the hacker may have inserted a few lines of code that can also infect your computer. You should take the time to check your “Task Manager” to get a sense of what______32______are running. Check anything suspicious that’s _____33_____in the background. That’s often the sign of malware.
Other things to ______34______for include: random device or internet slowdown; the software you don’t recognize; inability to access your account or unscheduled shutdowns and restarts.
As with everything, ______35______ is the best medicine. So, instead of waiting for cyber-attacks to hit you, recognize the signs to protect yourself.
21. A. gather B. picture C. find D. establish
22. A. dangerous B. worried C. cautious D. helpless
23. A. historic B. typical C. potential D. specific
24. A. halfway B. originally C. periodically D. eventually
25. A. predict B. limit C. warn D. recognize
26. A. fearless B. soundless C. clueless D. careless
27. A. in conclusion B. and C. but D. as if .
28. A. empty B. supervised C. tracked D. infected
29. A. powerful B. suspicious C. specific D. frequent
30. A. While B. Since C. If D. When
31. A. guaranteed B. assessed C. leaked D. composed
32. A. mechanisms B. files C. programs D. commands
33. A. attacking B. chatting C. hiding D. running
34. A. sum up B. watch out C. mark off D. turn down
35. A. strategy B. practice C. solution D. prevention
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何识别网络攻击。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：想象一下，一帮神通广大的黑客围在电脑显示器旁，试图入侵银行或政府的安全服务器。A. gather聚集；B. picture想象；C. find发现；D. establish建立。根据前文“Cyber-attacks may sound like something that happens only in Hollywood movies.”可知，可能听起来网络攻击也许只会出现在好莱坞电影里，因此推断下文“a team of talented Hackers gathered around computer monitors trying to break Into a secure bank or government server.”是作者让读者想象的东西。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，网络攻击没那么令人兴奋，而是同样危险。A. dangerous危险的；B. worried担心的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. helpless无助的。根据下文“A/An____3____attack involves a cyber-criminal sending out thousands or oven millions of links and flies.”可知，在典型的网络攻击中网络罪犯发送数千甚至数百万个链接和文件，因此网络攻击是危险的。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在典型的网络攻击中，网络罪犯发送数千甚至数百万个链接和文件。A. historic与历史有关的；B. typical典型的；C. potential潜在的；D. specific明确的。根据下文“attack involves a cyber-criminal sending out thousands or oven millions of links and flies”可知，此处讲述了一个非常典型的网络攻击。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们认为终会有人落入陷阱，打开感染病毒的文件或页面。A. halfway在中途；B. originally起初；C. periodically周期性地；D. eventually最终。根据下文“Somebody always does.”可知，网络攻击犯罪分子认为最终会有人打开病毒文件或页面，的确有人经常这么做。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：保护自己的最佳方法是学习如何识别网络攻击并防患于未然。A. predict预测；B. limit限制；C. warn警告；D. recognize识别。根据下文“as well as how to prevent them from happening in the first place”可推断，学会如何识别网络攻击防患于未然。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管很多人往往以为黑客受害者对保护数字安全的最佳做法一无所知，但事实并非总是如此。A. fearless无所畏惧的；B. soundless无声的；C. clueless(对某事)不懂的；D. careless粗心大意的。根据下文“this isn’t always the case.Kickers are smart. True, there are plenty of apparent scams (骗局) like ‘the Nigerian Price" emails. But there are as many attacks that can fool even the skillful computer-users.(但事实并非总是如此。黑客很聪明。诚然，有很多像“尼日利亚王子”邮件这样明显的骗局，但也有很多的攻击能让最精明的计算机用户上当受骗。)”可知，事实并不像很多人认为的一样，以为黑客受害者对保护数字安全的最佳做法一无所知，可是，虽然能够识别一些明显的骗局，但是有些攻击会让最精明的用户上当受骗。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：你以为点击的是多宝箱的链接，结果却下载了恶意软件到电脑上，并且你可能永远都不知道自己什么时候访问了错误的网站，还下载了被感染的文件。A. in conclusion最后；B. and并且；C. but但是；D. as if似乎。根据上下文语境可知，前后文是顺承关系。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. empty清空；B. supervised监督；C. tracked追踪；D. infected感染。根据下文“So, it’s up to you to be vigilant (警供的) and protect yourself.”可知，你必须提高警惕保护自己，因此推断访问了错误的网站，下载了感染了病毒的文件。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先识别你的账号或设备上的可疑行为。A. powerful强大的；B. suspicious可疑的；C. specific明确的；D. frequent频繁的。根据上文“So you need to lean to recognize the signs of cyber-attacks.”可知，识别账号或设备上的可疑行为，学会识别网络攻击的迹象。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：尽管有些情况或许很明显，比如篡改账号密码，但其他情况就不那么容易被发现了。A. While尽管；B. Since自从；C. If如果；D. When当……时候。根据下文“some things may be obvious such as account password changes, others aren’t so easy to spot”可知，上下文是让步关系，应用while引导让步状语从句。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，你可能会收到来自可信发件人的文件，而其电子邮件已泄露。A. guaranteed保证；B. assessed评估；C. leaked泄露；D. composed组成。根据下文“Sometimes, the data are even real, but the hacker may have inserted a few lines of code that can also infect your computer.”可知，黑客插入了几行代码，它们也能感染你的电脑，因此推断邮件已经泄露。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你应该花点儿时间检查“任务管理器”，搞清楚哪些程序正在运行。A. mechanisms机制；B. files文件；C. programs程序；D. commands命令。根据上文“You should take the time to check your “Task Manager””可知，检查任务管理器是为了弄清楚那些程序在运行。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：检查后台任何可疑的运行程序。那通常是恶意软件的迹象。A. attacking攻击；B. chatting闲聊；C. hiding躲藏；D. running运行。根据下文“That’s often the sign of malware.(那通常是恶意软件的迹象)”可知，后台有恶意软件在运行。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：其它需要提防的事项还包括：随机设备或互联网减速；不认识的软件；无法登录账号和莫名的关机和重启。A. sum up总结；B. watch out提防；C. mark off划出；D. turn down拒绝。根据下文“random device or internet slowdown; the software you don’t recognize; inability to access your account or unscheduled shutdowns and restarts”可知，这些都是需要提防的东西，watch out for“提防某物”。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：预防是最佳方法，万事皆如此。A. strategy策略；B. practice实践；C. solution解决办法；D. prevention预防。根据下文“So, instead of waiting for cyber-attacks to hit you, recognize the signs to protect yourself.(因此，不要坐等网络攻击找上你，识别迹象来保护自己)”可知，预防是最佳办法。故选D。
第二节(共 10 小题:每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Er yue er is the festival where the “dragon raises its head” according to Chinese people. The traditional Dragon-Head-Raising Festival ____36____(fall) on the second day of the second lunar month annually, marking the start of spring and farming.
Ancient people had the belief ____37____ after this day, rainfall increases because the rain-bringing Dragon King has awakened from his winter sleep.
The festival celebrates ancient agricultural Chinese culture, and while some traditional ways to celebrate it are no longer practiced, others ____38____(actual) exist.
The most famous tradition is getting a haircut. Some believe that going to the barber’s on this day gets rid of bad luck, while others ____39____(convince) that getting a haircut during the first month of the lunar calendar brings bad luck. So on this day people are found ____40____(line) up outside barber shops, having avoided haircuts for the previous month.
In ____41____(celebrate) of this festival, Chinese people make some kinds of foods that contain special meaning. For example, based ____42____ local customs, fried beans are the traditional festival food for people in parts of Shandong Province. In East China’s Fujian Province, tofu and vegetable balls are made ____43____(pray) for family and business. Eating chengyao cakes made with sticky rice is ____44____ must in Suzhou during the festival. The practice seems to be _____45_____(consistency) with the saying, “If you eat chengyao cakes on the Dragon-Head-Raising Festival, your waist won’t hurt all year.”
【答案】36. falls
37. that 38. actually
39. are convinced
40. lining 41. celebration
42. on##upon
43. to pray
44. a 45. consistent
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍二月二龙抬头的由来，传统习俗及各地区庆祝的方式。
【36题详解】
考查时态及主谓一致。句意：传统的“龙抬头节日”出现在每年农历二月初二，标志着春天和农耕的开始。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句描述一般事实，故用一般现在时。主语The traditional Dragon-Head-Raising Festival是单数，其后的谓语动词变单三，故填falls。
【37题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：古人相信，这一天过后，降雨会增加，因为带雨的龙王已经从冬眠中醒来。根据句意及句子结构可知，本句是同位语从句，____2____ after this day, rainfall increases because the rain-bringing Dragon King has awakened from his winter sleep是对the belief的解释。设空处缺少引导词，只起到连接句子的作用，不作任何成分，故填that。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：这个节日庆祝中国古代农业文化，虽然一些传统的庆祝方式不再实行，但实际上其他方式仍然存在。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填副词actually，作状语，修饰动词exist，故填actually。
【39题详解】
考查时态及语态。句意：有些人认为，在这一天去理发店可以消除坏运气，而另一些人则认为，在农历的第一个月理发会带来厄运。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句描述一般事实，故用一般现在时。主语others与convince是动宾关系，故用被动语态。结合时态，故用一般现在时的被动语态(be done)。主语others是复数，故填are convinced。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，在这一天，人们被发现正在理发店外排队，为了避免在上个月理发。根据句子结构可知，此处考查be found doing sth.，表示“被发现正在做某事”，设空处故填现在分词lining，故填lining。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：为了庆祝这个节日，中国人制作了一些具有特殊意义的食物。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语in celebration of，表示“为了庆祝……”，故填celebration。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：例如，根据当地的习俗，炒豆是山东省部分地区人们的传统节日食品。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语be based on/ upon，表示“基于”，故填on/upon。
【43题详解】
考查不定式。句意：在中国东部的福建省，豆腐和蔬菜球是为家庭和生意祈祷而制作的。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语be made to do sth.，表示“为了做某事而被制作”，设空处应填不定式，故填to pray。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：吃用糯米饭制成的撑腰糕是苏州节日期间的一件必做之事。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处泛指“一件必做的事”，设空处应用不定冠词。must以辅音音素开头，故填a。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这种做法似乎与俗话相符。“如果你在龙抬头节上吃撑腰糕，你的腰一整年都不会疼”。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语be consistent with，表示“与……相符”，故填consistent。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46. 假如你是新华国际学校的学生会主席李华，你校将举行主题为“Promoting Traditional Chinese Culture”的英语演讲比赛。作为主持人，请你致开场词。要点包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.介绍比赛流程。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Ladies and gentlemen,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Now let’s welcome contestant No.1!
【答案】Ladies and gentlemen,
Good afternoon! Welcome to the speech contest! Let’s extend our warmest welcome to the guests and judges! Firstly let me introduce the procedures/arrangements of this contest
There are ten contestants in total, who will deliver their speeches entitled“Promoting Traditional Chinese Culture”one by one. Following each speech, judges are supposed to grade it. At the end of the contest, our headmaster will announce the final winners. What excites us most must be the prize-awarding session when the top three will be granted certificates. Let’s wait and see who will be the winners! Are you ready for their wonderful performances?
Now let’s welcome contestant No. 1!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。文章要求考生作为主持人，为主题为“Promoting Traditional Chinese Culture”的英语演讲比赛写一篇开场词。
【详解】1.词汇积累
比赛：contest→competition
总共：in total→in all
使某人兴奋：excite→thrill
应该做某事：be supposed to do sth.→ought to do sth.
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：At the end of the contest, our headmaster will announce the final winners.
拓展句：At the end of the contest, our headmaster will announce the final winners, who perform the best in the contest.
【点睛】【高分句型1】There are ten contestants in total, who will deliver their speeches entitled“Promoting Traditional Chinese Culture”one by one. （运用了who引导的非限定性定语从句）
【高分句型2】What excites us most must be the prize-awarding session when the top three will be granted certificates.（运用了what引导的主语从句）
第二节(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As a young boy, I was carefree. Every vacation I looked forward to two things—seeing my grandpa and hearing his wonderful stories. My grandpa was a very good storyteller. He had worked various odd jobs when he was young and wove his adventures and misadventures into fantastic tales. These wonderful tales colored my childhood.
As I grew up, I had to admit that Grandpa’s stories went on a little long, even a little boring and gradually lost their magic. However, not wanting to upset him, my brother and I would sometimes take turns sitting in the living room, listening to grandpa tell his stories.
When my grandpa was approaching 91, he suffered from serious memory-loss. It was kind of what doctors called dementia (痴呆), probably the earliest stage of Alzheimer’s disease. Following the doctor’s directions, we moved him into a Sunrise Assisted Living Community, where he could get a better care. After that, grandpa hardly came to our house.
One weekend before my grandpa’s birthday, I came to visit him. Seeing grandpa sitting in his armchair, dull-looking, I was consumed with mixed feelings. I wheeled grandpa to the sunshine in the courtyard, talking to him. He couldn’t express himself clearly and spoke in short bursts, but I listened to him patiently and carefully just as I used to be a little boy.
It was then that I noticed a shadow box with some old and yellowish photos in it. I picked one up, in which my brother, several boys in our neighborhood, and I were playing basketball with grandpa cheering us on twenty years before. My mind flashed back to those beautiful memories. Back then, Grandpa was in good physical condition and we were all wearing basketball jerseys, playing and laughing with abandon. I presented the photo to my grandpa, pointing at each member and reminding him of their names. Incredibly, grandpa could speak out the name of every player. I even caught a soft light in grandpa’s eyes and a smile on his lips.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A bright idea for grandpa’s birthday came to my mind.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Seeing “the same players” playing there, grandpa seemed to have thought of something.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 A bright idea for grandpa’s birthday came to my mind. “Why not give grandpa a surprise?” I said to myself. I immediately got down to carrying out my plan. Luckily, I contacted all the players in the photo. To my great delight, they were greatly touched by the plan and all agreed to join in. To make the scene real, I even managed to find all the basketball jerseys, equipment and arrange for a similar-looking basketball court. The big day finally came. After wheeling my grandpa to the court, we began the special game. While playing, I kept an eye on grandpa, waiting for something deep down.
Seeing “the same players” playing there, grandpa seemed to have thought of something. Glancing at grandpa again, I found him cheering us on just like 20 years before. Sitting in the warm sunlight, he cheered and clapped, with a bigger smile. For a while, my mind seemed to flash back to those beautiful days. Indeed, my plan somewhat worked. I was overjoyed that I could do something to delight Grandpa, an important person in my 1ife. I was not sure whether this birthday would stick in his mind, but one thing was certain: it’d definitely stick in mine.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者爷爷在作者小的时候经常给作者讲故事，现在爷爷老了，得了失忆症，住进了老人院。作者在爷爷生日前为爷爷策划了一个生日惊喜。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我想到了一个给爷爷过生日的好主意。”以及第二段首句“看到‘同一批打球的人’在那里玩，爷爷似乎想到了什么。”可知，第一段讲述的是作者为爷爷准备的惊喜就是把当年一起打球的人都聚集了起来。
②由第二段首句内容“看到‘同一批打球的人’在那里玩，爷爷似乎想到了什么。”可知，第二段可叙述爷爷的反应和作者的感触。
2.续写线索：作者小时候爷爷的陪伴——爷爷患病住进老人院——爷爷状态不好——作者想为爷爷准备惊喜——作者联系当年打球的人——爷爷似乎想到了以往的时光
3.词汇激活
行为类
①着手做……：get down to/set about doing
②成功做……：manage to do/succeed in doing/be able to do
情绪类
①开心：with a big smile on his face/wearing a big smile on his face/smiling happily
②感动：be touched/be moved
【点睛】【高分句型1】I was overjoyed that I could do something to delight Grandpa, an important person in my 1ife. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I was not sure whether this birthday would stick in his mind, but one thing was certain: it’d definitely stick in mine.（运用了whether引导的宾语从句）
听力答案：1-5 BABCC 6-10 BCABA 11-15 BCCAC 16-20 BAABA
2022 学年第二学期浙大附中期中考试
高二英语试卷
第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who failed to attend the charity concert?
A. Mandy. B. Mary. C. Athena.
2. What will Sara do tonight?
A. Go jogging. B. See a film. C. Work out at the gym.
3. Why was Tom absent from the party?
A. He didn’t get the invitation.
B. He was worried about his friend.
C. He was involved in a car accident.
4. What does the man suggest Karen do?
A. See a doctor. B. Try a new project. C. Take good care of herself.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The effect of online learning.
B. Preparations for going abroad.
C. Ways to learn a foreign language.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What is the price of the jeans today?
A. $60. B. $90. C. $150.
7. Where will the man go first?
A. The cashier desk. B. The Kids Wear area. C. The dressing room.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. How did the interviewers feel after reading Mark’s resume?
A. Satisfied. B. Embarrassed. C. Disappointed.
9. What seems to be Mark’s weakness?
A. Having little work experience.
B. Being poor at speaking in public.
C. Lacking confidence in the interview.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. Where does the woman usually watch the 2022 Winter Olympics?
A. On her cellphone. B. On TV. C. On the computer.
11. What does the news say about the 2022 Winter Olympics?
A. It can be the best in history.
B. It’s widely watched in the US.
C. It promotes streaming services.
12. What sports is Leonard most interested in?
A. Figure skating. B. Freestyle skiing. C. Ice hockey.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. What is Bruce’s plan for this afternoon?
A. Doing some research.
B. Gathering some news online.
C. Writing articles for the school paper.
14. What damage did the crash cause?
A. Thirty-nine deaths.
B. Two missing people.
C. Some severe injuries.
15. How did Serge Gelle survive?
A. He got help from rescuers.
B. He was saved by local people.
C. He kept swimming for 12 hours.
16. What was Serge Gelle?
A. A sportsman. B. A policeman. C. A government official.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What will Todd Messegee be responsible for?
A. Directing a play. B. Writing a play. C. Starring in a play.
18. What will participants mainly do by Thursday?
A. Practice the play.
B. Attend a lecture on acting.
C. Perform on stage formally.
19. How long will the program last?
A. 4 days. B. 5 days. C. 6 days.
20. What is the speaker doing?
A. Advertising an acting program.
B. Drawing up a plan for a program.
C. Announcing arrangements for a play.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
AI makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see the amazing AI.
Cool driverless bus
A bus door opens and you get on. Wait! Where is the driver? Here is a new kind of driverless bus called Apolong. It has 14 seats and doesn’t need a driver. The bus follows traffic rules. It stops as soon as it sees a stop light.
Your close friend
Hi, everyone. I’m Xiaobing, a chatbot(聊天机器人). I speak like a 17-year-old girl. If you feel lonely, you can talk with me. I’m talented at singing, writing poems and telling stories. I want to be your friend!
World’s first anchor(主播)
Hey, look! The famous Chinese anchor Qiu Hao is reporting the news for us. But is “he” really Qiu Hao? The answer is “no”. This is the world’s first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It can work 24 hours and doesn’t make any mistakes. You might see it on TV soon.
Popular AI artist
This beautiful painting was at an auction(拍卖) in 2020. The painting is worth about 3,000,000 yuan! But it is not a work by a famous painter, such as Vincent van Gogh. It was painted by an AI artist. Three Frenchmen created the AI artist. It studied over 15,000 paintings. In this way, it learned to paint.
1. What do we know about Apolong?
A. the bus door can’t open itself B. it stops as soon as it sees a stop light
C. there are 24 seats in it D. it doesn’t follow the traffic rules
2. What can Xiaobing NOT do?
A. sing B. talk with you if you feel lonely
C. be your friend D. go out to play with you
3. What can you learn from the passage?
A. AI makes our lives harder and worse.
B. Xiaobing is a 17-year-old girl.
C. The painting is worth about 3,000,000 yuan at an auction.
D. This new kind of driverless bus also needs a driver to control it.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四款人工智能产品的性能。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cool driverless bus中的“It stops as soon as it sees a stop light. (它一看到红灯就停了下来。)”可知，Apolong一看到红灯就停下来。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Your close friend中的“I’m Xiaobing, a chatbot(聊天机器人). I speak like a 17-year-old girl. If you feel lonely, you can talk with me. I’m talented at singing, writing poems and telling stories. I want to be your friend! (我是小冰，一个聊天机器人。我说话像个17岁的女孩。如果你感到孤独，你可以和我聊聊。我在唱歌、写诗和讲故事方面很有天赋。我想成为你的朋友!)”可知，小冰可以唱歌、如果你感到孤独和你聊天和做你的朋友，但不可以和你一起出去玩。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Popular AI artist中的“This beautiful painting was at an auction(拍卖) in 2020. The painting is worth about 3,000,000 yuan! (这幅美丽的画曾在2020年的拍卖会上(拍卖)展出。这幅画价值约300万元!)”可知，这幅画在拍卖会上价值约300万元。故选C。
B
On March 11, 2011, 16-year-old Yuzuru Hanyu was skating at a local rink when the ice beneath him began cracking. He was experiencing 2011’s deadly Great East Japan Earthquake, which had a magnitude of 9.0 and killed at least 18,500 people. The event left him with a greater determination to make every day count.
He was introduced to the world of figure skating at the age of 4. As he watched his sister skate, her coach suggested that the energetic little boy give skating a try. He loved the sport and entered his first competition at age 10. By the time he was 19, Hanyu had won two Olympic gold medals. This achievement made him the first Asian skater in the men’s singles category to be an Olympic champion.
What sets Hanyu apart from other competitive figure skaters? At 53 kilograms, he’s thin. But Hanyu is very strong and able to perfectly perform jumps and moves on the ice that others can only attempt. Hanyu’s performances feature long, smooth and high leg kicks. As he glides effortlessly across the ice, he sometimes looks more like a ballet dancer than a figure skater.When people watch Hanyu perform, it’s clear how much he enjoys himself, and the audiences love him in return. After many performances, people in the crowd shower Hanyu with his loved Pooh Bears.
There’s no denying Hanyu’s star power on the ice, but he’s admired off the ice as well. Since the deadly earthquake, Hanyu has helped raise funds for victims. Over the past 10 years, he has also personally given about US$300,000 to help rebuild the local ice rink in Sendai, Hanyu’s hometown. The little boy who started out at his neighborhood rink is now adored by people from around the globe.
4. Why does the author mention the earthquake in Paragraph 1?
A. To introduce the biggest earthquake. B. To list its serious damage to Japan.
C. To show its influence on Hanyu. D. To encourage us to value our life.
5. What can we learn about Hanyu?
A. His parents discovered his talent early. B. He got the first gold medal at age ten.
C. He was well known for high leg kicks. D. He got Pooh Bears as a prize in a competition.
6. Which of the following best describes Yuzuru Hanyu?
A. Considerate and humorous. B. Gifted and generous.
C. Ambitious and honest. D. Responsible and curious.
7. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. A Skater Giving a Hand to Victims
B. Figure Skating Becoming Popular in the World
C. Yuzuru Hanyu — A Two-Time Olympic Champion
D. A Star on Ice Winning Hearts Around the World
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了花样滑冰运动员羽生结弦，介绍了他从事这项运动的经过以及他个人的一些优点。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“On March 11, 2011, 16-year-old Yuzuru Hanyu was skating at a local rink when the ice beneath him began cracking. He was experiencing 2011’s deadly Great East Japan Earthquake, which had a magnitude of 9.0 and killed at least 18,500 people. The event left him with a greater determination to make every day count.(2011年3月11日，16岁的羽生结弦在当地的溜冰场滑冰时，脚下的冰开始破裂。他正在经历2011年致命的东日本大地震，那次地震的震级为9.0级，造成至少18,500人死亡。这件事使他更有决心过好每一天)”可推知，作者在第一段提到地震是为了显示它对羽生结弦的影响。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Hanyu’s performances feature long, smooth and high leg kicks.(羽生结弦的表演特点是踢腿长、平稳、高)”可知，羽生结弦以高踢腿闻名。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“He loved the sport and entered his first competition at age 10. By the time he was 19, Hanyu had won two Olympic gold medals.(他喜欢这项运动，10岁时第一次参加比赛。到19岁的时候，他已经获得了两枚奥运金牌)”以及最后一段中“Over the past 10 years, he has also personally given about US$300,000 to help rebuild the local ice rink in Sendai, Hanyu’s hometown.(在过去的10年里，他还亲自捐助了大约30万美元，帮助在他的家乡仙台重建当地的溜冰场)”可推知，羽生结弦有天赋的和慷慨的。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“There’s no denying Hanyu’s star power on the ice, but he’s admired off the ice as well.(毫无疑问，羽生结弦在冰上的明星效应是不可否认的，但他在冰上也备受赞赏)”结合文章主要介绍了花样滑冰运动员羽生结弦，介绍了他从事这项运动的经过以及他个人的一些优点。可知，D选项“冰上的明星赢得了全世界的心”最符合文章标题。故选D。
C
Feeling overloaded by your to-do list can certainly make you unhappy, but new research suggests that more free time might not be the elixir many of us dream it could be.
In a new study released last week, researchers analyzed data from two large-scale (大规模) surveys about how Americans spend their time. Together, the surveys included more than 35,000 respondents. The researchers found that people with more free time generally had higher levels of subjective well-being — but only up to a point. People who had around two hours of free time a day generally reported they felt better than those who had less time. But people who had five or more hours of free time a day generally said they felt worse. So ultimately the free-time “sweet spot” might be two to three hours per day, the findings suggest.
Part of finding this seemingly tricky “sweet spot” has to do with how people spend the extra time they have, the researchers behind the new study argue. They conducted several smaller online experiments. In one they asked participants to imagine having 3.5 to 7 free hours per day. They were asked to imagine spending that time doing “productive” things (like exercising) or to imagine doing “unproductive” activities (like watching TV). Study participants believed their well-being would suffer if they had a lot of free time during the day — but only if they used it unproductively. Though that experiment was hypothetical, which is one limitation of the new research, it’s certainly in line with other research showing that being in a state of “flow” can be good for people’s mental health.
Of course, what feels “productive” is up to you. Many traditionally productive or purposeful activities can be easy and fun. Engaging in a bit of low-key cardio, like walking and jogging, can help burn stress. Free-time activities like reading or cooking are also known to put people in a state of flow.
8. What does the underlined word “elixir” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A. Magic solution.
B. Physical power.
C. Psychological test.
D. Relaxed atmosphere.
9. How did the researchers carry out the new study?
A. By doing large-scale online surveys.
B. By giving interviews and mental tests.
C. By comparing respondents’ backgrounds.
D. By conducting experiments and analyzing data.
10. What is a distinct finding of the new research?
A. Doing unproductive things leads to unhappiness.
B. Being in a state of flow benefits people’s mental health.
C. Man’s well-being is positively related to the free time they have.
D How people spend their free time affects their sense of well-being.
11. What is the focus of the last paragraph?
A. The importance of burning stress.
B. Easy and fun activities to kill time.
C. Further explanation of being productive.
D. The benefits of engaging in free-time activities.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一项实验研究，得出结论：人的幸福感跟空闲时间的长短无关，而跟空闲时间的使用率相关。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Feeling overloaded by your to-do list can certainly make you unhappy, but new research suggests that more free time might not be the elixir many of us dream it could be.(被待办事项清单压得喘不过气来肯定会让你不开心，但新的研究表明，更多的空闲时间可能不是我们许多人梦想的灵丹妙药)”中的but转折可知，面对待办事项时，我们最需要的可能是时间，但是研究表明，事实并非如我们想象的这般，太多的空闲时间反而不是解决待办事项的最好方法。由此可推知，划线词“elixir”与“Magic solution”表达意义相同，指“万能的（解决方法）”。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“In a new study released last week, researchers analyzed data from two large-scale (大规模) surveys about how Americans spend their time.(在上周发布的一项新研究中，研究人员分析了两项关于美国人如何打发时间的大规模调查的数据)”及第三段第二句“They conducted several smaller online experiments.(他们进行了几项规模较小的在线实验)”可知，研究者是通过实验和数据分析的形式进行研究的。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第五句“Study participants believed their well-being would suffer if they had a lot of free time during the day — but only if they used it unproductively.(研究参与者相信，如果他们白天有很多空闲时间，但是没有有效利用时，他们的幸福感会变差)”可知，人们如何度过空闲时间会影响到幸福感。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段第二句“Many traditionally productive or purposeful activities can be easy and fun.(许多传统上富有成效或有意义的活动都是轻松有趣的)”及后面列举的一些活动可知，本段主要是关于介绍一些轻松有趣的，用于消磨时间的活动的。故选B。
D
When elderly people stay active, their brains have more of a class of proteins that enhances the connections between neurons (神经元) to maintain healthy cognition (认知), a UC San Francisco study has found.
“Our work is the first that uses human data to show that synapse protein regulation (突触蛋白质调节) is related to physical activity and may drive the beneficial cognitive outcomes we see,” said Kaitlin Casaletto, PhD, an assistant professor of neurology and lead author on the study. The beneficial effects of physical activity on cognition have been shown in mice but have been much harder to demonstrate in people.
The project tracked the late-life physical activity of elderly participants, who also agreed to donate their brains when they died. Maintaining the integrity of these connections between neurons may be vital to fighting against mental disorder, since the synapse is really the site where cognition happens. Physical activity—a readily available tool—may help boost this synaptic functioning.
Casaletto found that elderly people who remained active had higher levels of proteins that facilitate the exchange of information between neurons. This result agreed with the earlier finding that people who had more of these proteins in their brains when they died were better able to maintain their cognition late in life.
“It may be that physical activity generates a global sustaining effect, supporting the healthy function of proteins that facilitate synaptic transmission throughout the brain,” Casaletto said.
The brains of most older adults store poisonous proteins that are the marks of mental illnesses and the proteins can cause synapses and neurons to fall apart. “In older adults with higher levels of the proteins associated with synaptic integrity, this effect that leads to mental diseases appears to be weakened,” she said. “The study shows the potential importance of maintaining synaptic health to support the brain against mental diseases like Alzheimer’s.”
12. What helps elderly people keep cognitive ability according to the study?
A. Proteins produced during physical activity.
B. Body tissues with healthy chemical substances.
C. A certain connection between the brain regions.
D. A type of neuron formed while they’re thinking.
13. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Mental diseases may affect synaptic health.
B. Low levels of proteins help to prevent Alzheimer’s.
C. Synaptic integrity safeguards brains against mental illnesses.
D. The brain can automatically break down the poisonous proteins.
14. What’s the purpose of the text?
A. To present a research result. B. To give practical advice.
C. To tell an interesting story. D. To solve an academic problem.
15. What can be the best title of the text?
A. Breakthroughs Have Been Made in the Field of Neurons
B. Casaletto Makes Achievements in Studying Human Brains
C. Ways Are Created to Ensure the Physical Health of the Old
D. Exercise Changes Brain Chemistry to Protect Aging Synapses
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了加州大学旧金山分校的一项研究发现，当老年人保持活跃时，他们的大脑中有更多的蛋白质，这些蛋白质可以增强神经元之间的连接，以保持健康的认知。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When elderly people stay active, their brains have more of a class of proteins that enhances the connections between neurons (神经元) to maintain healthy cognition (认知), a UC San Francisco study has found.(加州大学旧金山分校的一项研究发现，当老年人保持活跃时，他们的大脑中有更多的蛋白质，这些蛋白质可以增强神经元之间的连接，以保持健康的认知。)”可知，研究表明，运动过程中产生的蛋白质有助于老年人保持认知能力。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In older adults with higher levels of the proteins associated with synaptic integrity, this effect that leads to mental diseases appears to be weakened(在与突触完整性相关的蛋白质水平较高的老年人中，这种导致精神疾病的影响似乎减弱了)”和“The study shows the potential importance of maintaining synaptic health to support the brain against mental diseases like Alzheimer’s.(这项研究显示了保持突触健康对支持大脑对抗阿尔茨海默氏症等精神疾病的潜在重要性。)”可推知，突触完整性保护大脑免受精神疾病的侵害。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When elderly people stay active, their brains have more of a class of proteins that enhances the connections between neurons (神经元) to maintain healthy cognition (认知), a UC San Francisco study has found.(加州大学旧金山分校的一项研究发现，当老年人保持活跃时，他们的大脑中有更多的蛋白质，这些蛋白质可以增强神经元之间的连接，以保持健康的认知。)”、文章第四段“Casaletto found that elderly people who remained active had higher levels of proteins that facilitate the exchange of information between neurons.( 卡萨雷托发现，保持活跃的老年人体内蛋白质水平较高，这种蛋白质有助于神经元之间的信息交换。)”和文章最后一段““In older adults with higher levels of the proteins associated with synaptic integrity, this effect that leads to mental diseases appears to be weakened,” she said. “The study shows the potential importance of maintaining synaptic health to support the brain against mental diseases like Alzheimer’s.”(“在与突触完整性相关的蛋白质水平较高的老年人中，这种导致精神疾病的影响似乎减弱了，”她说。“这项研究显示了保持突触健康对支持大脑对抗阿尔茨海默氏症等精神疾病的潜在重要性。”)”可推知，文章的写作目的是为了呈现一个研究结果。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“When elderly people stay active, their brains have more of a class of proteins that enhances the connections between neurons (神经元) to maintain healthy cognition (认知), a UC San Francisco study has found.(加州大学旧金山分校的一项研究发现，当老年人保持活跃时，他们的大脑中有更多的蛋白质，这些蛋白质可以增强神经元之间的连接，以保持健康的认知。)”可知，文章主要讲述了运动改变大脑化学物质来保护老化的突触。故选D。
第二节(共 5 个小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The way we watch television has changed, as many of us no longer follow the old model of television. In the past, a new episode (集) of a show was released once a week. ___16___ People, therefore, have created a new term：binge-watching (狂欢式刷剧). It is used to describe the behavior of watching many episodes of a whole series in a row.
___17___ In fact, a 2018 Morning Consult poll (民意调查) found that 60 percent of American adults who watched shows binge-watched. The percentage even increased among younger audiences. ___18___
Of course, every new cultural behavior has its accompanying health consequences. What is binge-watching doing to our health? ___19___ They sent an 18-question survey to 926 adults who owned a television and at least one other device with a screen. They found that heavy screen time users averaged 17.5 hours of screen-use every day. They also reported that this group’s health condition was worse than light users.
Interestingly, researchers also discovered a connection between binge-watching and greater stress. The result is surprising. ___20___ It might have been believed that people are turning to binge-watching to deal with anxiety and stress. However, that’s not the case. It could be the case that people will suffer from greater stress if watching more shows continuously.
A. Every new cultural behavior has its own causes.
B. Nowadays, binge-watching is a common behavior.
C. Now, many companies release a whole series at once.
D. People are more stressed out if they’re binge-watching.
E. Researchers at Arizona State University wanted to figure this out.
F. 73 percent of 18-to-29-year-olds binge-watched at least once a week.
G. Researchers identified binge-watchers by asking how long they watched television.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. F 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了现在人喜欢选择狂欢式刷剧，并分析了它对人的身体带来的危害。
【16题详解】
根据空前“In the past, a new episode (集) of a show was released once a week.（在过去，电视剧一周更新一集。）”和空后“People, therefore, have created a new term：binge-watching (狂欢式刷剧).（因此，人们就有了一个新的术语：狂欢式刷剧。）”可知，空前说明过去的状态是一周看一集电视机，空后提出了新的刷剧形式，故C项“现在，很多公司同时发行整部电视剧。”符合，与空前过去的方式做对比，且与空后构成因果关系，故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据空后“In fact, a 2018 Morning Consult poll (民意调查) found that 60 percent of American adults who watched shows binge-watched.（事实上，2018年的民意调查发现，60%美国成年人都属于狂欢式刷剧。）”可知，空后提到民意调查的结果，大多数人都属于连续刷剧，本空应引出后文的民意调查，故B项“现在，狂欢式刷剧已经成为了一个常见的现象。”符合，本空提出已是一种常见的现象，空后提出其民意调查的理论支撑，故选B项。
【18题详解】
根据空前“The percentage even increased among younger audiences.（比例在年轻人中还有所增加。）”可知，F项“18-29岁的年轻人中，73%至少每周疯狂式刷剧一次。”是空前的顺义承接，空前提到在年轻人中，比例有所增加，空后说明具体的比例数据，故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据空前“What is binge-watching doing to our health?（狂欢式刷剧对我们的身体会带来说明呢？）”和空后“They sent an 18-question survey to 926 adults who owned a television and at least one other device with a screen.（他们给926个成年人发了一张18个问题的调查表，这些人都有一台电视机和另一个带屏幕的电子设备。）”可知，空前提出问题，空后说明他们寻找答案的方法，故E项“亚利桑那州立大学的研究者想要弄清楚这个问题。”符合，且空后的代词They指代E项中的Researchers，故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据空前“The result is surprising.（结果却令人惊讶。）”和空后“It might have been believed that people are turning to binge-watching to deal with anxiety and stress. However, that’s not the case. It could be the case that people will suffer from greater stress if watching more shows continuously.（可能人们是为了处理焦虑和压力才选择狂欢式刷剧，然而，事实却并非如此。事实可能是如果人们一直不停地刷剧，可能感觉压力更大。）”可知，空前提出结果令人惊讶，空后提出造成这种结果的可能性，故本空应提出具体是什么结果，故D项“如果他们疯狂式刷剧的话，这会给他们带来更大的压力。”符合，故选D项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
How to recognize cyber attacks
Cyber-attacks may sound like something that happens only in Hollywood movies. You ____21____a team of talented Hackers gathered around computer monitors trying to break into a secure bank or government server. In reality, cyber-attacks are much less exciting but no less ____22____.
A/An____23____attack involves a cyber-criminal sending out thousands or oven millions of links and flies. They assume that someone will____24____ fall for their trap and open an infected file or page. Somebody always does. The best way to protect yourself is to learn how to ____25____cyber-attacks as well as how to prevent them from happening in the first place.
Cyber-attacks can happen to anybody. It doesn’t matter who you are; cyber criminals can target you. While many often think of hacking victims as____26____about digital security best practices this isn’t always the case. Kickers are smart. True, there are plenty of apparent scams (骗局) like ‘the Nigerian Price" emails. But there are as many attacks that can fool even the skillful computer-users.
Nowadays, cyber-criminals create fake websites and email addresses. You may think you are clicking a link to Dropbox (多宝箱) only to download malware onto your computer, ____27____may never know when you have visited the wrong site and downloaded a/an___28___file. So, it’s up to you to be vigilant (警觉的) and protect yourself.
So you need to lean to recognize the signs of cyber-attacks. First, recognize ____29____activity on your accounts or devices. ______30______ some things may be obvious such as account password changes, others aren’t so easy to spot. Usually, hackers insert pieces of code into valid files and programs. And then, you might receive a file from a trusted sender whose mail has been _____31_____. Sometimes, the data are even real, but the hacker may have inserted a few lines of code that can also infect your computer. You should take the time to check your “Task Manager” to get a sense of what______32______are running. Check anything suspicious that’s _____33_____in the background. That’s often the sign of malware.
Other things to ______34______for include: random device or internet slowdown; the software you don’t recognize; inability to access your account or unscheduled shutdowns and restarts.
As with everything, ______35______ is the best medicine. So, instead of waiting for cyber-attacks to hit you, recognize the signs to protect yourself.
21. A. gather B. picture C. find D. establish
22. A. dangerous B. worried C. cautious D. helpless
23. A. historic B. typical C. potential D. specific
24. A. halfway B. originally C. periodically D. eventually
25. A. predict B. limit C. warn D. recognize
26. A. fearless B. soundless C. clueless D. careless
27. A. in conclusion B. and C. but D. as if .
28. A. empty B. supervised C. tracked D. infected
29. A. powerful B. suspicious C. specific D. frequent
30. A. While B. Since C. If D. When
31. A. guaranteed B. assessed C. leaked D. composed
32. A. mechanisms B. files C. programs D. commands
33. A. attacking B. chatting C. hiding D. running
34. A. sum up B. watch out C. mark off D. turn down
35. A. strategy B. practice C. solution D. prevention
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何识别网络攻击。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：想象一下，一帮神通广大的黑客围在电脑显示器旁，试图入侵银行或政府的安全服务器。A. gather聚集；B. picture想象；C. find发现；D. establish建立。根据前文“Cyber-attacks may sound like something that happens only in Hollywood movies.”可知，可能听起来网络攻击也许只会出现在好莱坞电影里，因此推断下文“a team of talented Hackers gathered around computer monitors trying to break Into a secure bank or government server.”是作者让读者想象的东西。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，网络攻击没那么令人兴奋，而是同样危险。A. dangerous危险的；B. worried担心的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. helpless无助的。根据下文“A/An____3____attack involves a cyber-criminal sending out thousands or oven millions of links and flies.”可知，在典型的网络攻击中网络罪犯发送数千甚至数百万个链接和文件，因此网络攻击是危险的。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在典型的网络攻击中，网络罪犯发送数千甚至数百万个链接和文件。A. historic与历史有关的；B. typical典型的；C. potential潜在的；D. specific明确的。根据下文“attack involves a cyber-criminal sending out thousands or oven millions of links and flies”可知，此处讲述了一个非常典型的网络攻击。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们认为终会有人落入陷阱，打开感染病毒的文件或页面。A. halfway在中途；B. originally起初；C. periodically周期性地；D. eventually最终。根据下文“Somebody always does.”可知，网络攻击犯罪分子认为最终会有人打开病毒文件或页面，的确有人经常这么做。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：保护自己的最佳方法是学习如何识别网络攻击并防患于未然。A. predict预测；B. limit限制；C. warn警告；D. recognize识别。根据下文“as well as how to prevent them from happening in the first place”可推断，学会如何识别网络攻击防患于未然。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管很多人往往以为黑客受害者对保护数字安全的最佳做法一无所知，但事实并非总是如此。A. fearless无所畏惧的；B. soundless无声的；C. clueless(对某事)不懂的；D. careless粗心大意的。根据下文“this isn’t always the case.Kickers are smart. True, there are plenty of apparent scams (骗局) like ‘the Nigerian Price" emails. But there are as many attacks that can fool even the skillful computer-users.(但事实并非总是如此。黑客很聪明。诚然，有很多像“尼日利亚王子”邮件这样明显的骗局，但也有很多的攻击能让最精明的计算机用户上当受骗。)”可知，事实并不像很多人认为的一样，以为黑客受害者对保护数字安全的最佳做法一无所知，可是，虽然能够识别一些明显的骗局，但是有些攻击会让最精明的用户上当受骗。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：你以为点击的是多宝箱的链接，结果却下载了恶意软件到电脑上，并且你可能永远都不知道自己什么时候访问了错误的网站，还下载了被感染的文件。A. in conclusion最后；B. and并且；C. but但是；D. as if似乎。根据上下文语境可知，前后文是顺承关系。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. empty清空；B. supervised监督；C. tracked追踪；D. infected感染。根据下文“So, it’s up to you to be vigilant (警供的) and protect yourself.”可知，你必须提高警惕保护自己，因此推断访问了错误的网站，下载了感染了病毒的文件。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先识别你的账号或设备上的可疑行为。A. powerful强大的；B. suspicious可疑的；C. specific明确的；D. frequent频繁的。根据上文“So you need to lean to recognize the signs of cyber-attacks.”可知，识别账号或设备上的可疑行为，学会识别网络攻击的迹象。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：尽管有些情况或许很明显，比如篡改账号密码，但其他情况就不那么容易被发现了。A. While尽管；B. Since自从；C. If如果；D. When当……时候。根据下文“some things may be obvious such as account password changes, others aren’t so easy to spot”可知，上下文是让步关系，应用while引导让步状语从句。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，你可能会收到来自可信发件人的文件，而其电子邮件已泄露。A. guaranteed保证；B. assessed评估；C. leaked泄露；D. composed组成。根据下文“Sometimes, the data are even real, but the hacker may have inserted a few lines of code that can also infect your computer.”可知，黑客插入了几行代码，它们也能感染你的电脑，因此推断邮件已经泄露。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你应该花点儿时间检查“任务管理器”，搞清楚哪些程序正在运行。A. mechanisms机制；B. files文件；C. programs程序；D. commands命令。根据上文“You should take the time to check your “Task Manager””可知，检查任务管理器是为了弄清楚那些程序在运行。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：检查后台任何可疑的运行程序。那通常是恶意软件的迹象。A. attacking攻击；B. chatting闲聊；C. hiding躲藏；D. running运行。根据下文“That’s often the sign of malware.(那通常是恶意软件的迹象)”可知，后台有恶意软件在运行。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：其它需要提防的事项还包括：随机设备或互联网减速；不认识的软件；无法登录账号和莫名的关机和重启。A. sum up总结；B. watch out提防；C. mark off划出；D. turn down拒绝。根据下文“random device or internet slowdown; the software you don’t recognize; inability to access your account or unscheduled shutdowns and restarts”可知，这些都是需要提防的东西，watch out for“提防某物”。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：预防是最佳方法，万事皆如此。A. strategy策略；B. practice实践；C. solution解决办法；D. prevention预防。根据下文“So, instead of waiting for cyber-attacks to hit you, recognize the signs to protect yourself.(因此，不要坐等网络攻击找上你，识别迹象来保护自己)”可知，预防是最佳办法。故选D。
第二节(共 10 小题:每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Er yue er is the festival where the “dragon raises its head” according to Chinese people. The traditional Dragon-Head-Raising Festival ____36____(fall) on the second day of the second lunar month annually, marking the start of spring and farming.
Ancient people had the belief ____37____ after this day, rainfall increases because the rain-bringing Dragon King has awakened from his winter sleep.
The festival celebrates ancient agricultural Chinese culture, and while some traditional ways to celebrate it are no longer practiced, others ____38____(actual) exist.
The most famous tradition is getting a haircut. Some believe that going to the barber’s on this day gets rid of bad luck, while others ____39____(convince) that getting a haircut during the first month of the lunar calendar brings bad luck. So on this day people are found ____40____(line) up outside barber shops, having avoided haircuts for the previous month.
In ____41____(celebrate) of this festival, Chinese people make some kinds of foods that contain special meaning. For example, based ____42____ local customs, fried beans are the traditional festival food for people in parts of Shandong Province. In East China’s Fujian Province, tofu and vegetable balls are made ____43____(pray) for family and business. Eating chengyao cakes made with sticky rice is ____44____ must in Suzhou during the festival. The practice seems to be _____45_____(consistency) with the saying, “If you eat chengyao cakes on the Dragon-Head-Raising Festival, your waist won’t hurt all year.”
【答案】36. falls
37. that 38. actually
39. are convinced
40. lining 41. celebration
42. on##upon
43. to pray
44. a 45. consistent
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍二月二龙抬头的由来，传统习俗及各地区庆祝的方式。
【36题详解】
考查时态及主谓一致。句意：传统的“龙抬头节日”出现在每年农历二月初二，标志着春天和农耕的开始。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句描述一般事实，故用一般现在时。主语The traditional Dragon-Head-Raising Festival是单数，其后的谓语动词变单三，故填falls。
【37题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：古人相信，这一天过后，降雨会增加，因为带雨的龙王已经从冬眠中醒来。根据句意及句子结构可知，本句是同位语从句，____2____ after this day, rainfall increases because the rain-bringing Dragon King has awakened from his winter sleep是对the belief的解释。设空处缺少引导词，只起到连接句子的作用，不作任何成分，故填that。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：这个节日庆祝中国古代农业文化，虽然一些传统的庆祝方式不再实行，但实际上其他方式仍然存在。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填副词actually，作状语，修饰动词exist，故填actually。
【39题详解】
考查时态及语态。句意：有些人认为，在这一天去理发店可以消除坏运气，而另一些人则认为，在农历的第一个月理发会带来厄运。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句描述一般事实，故用一般现在时。主语others与convince是动宾关系，故用被动语态。结合时态，故用一般现在时的被动语态(be done)。主语others是复数，故填are convinced。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，在这一天，人们被发现正在理发店外排队，为了避免在上个月理发。根据句子结构可知，此处考查be found doing sth.，表示“被发现正在做某事”，设空处故填现在分词lining，故填lining。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：为了庆祝这个节日，中国人制作了一些具有特殊意义的食物。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语in celebration of，表示“为了庆祝……”，故填celebration。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：例如，根据当地的习俗，炒豆是山东省部分地区人们的传统节日食品。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语be based on/ upon，表示“基于”，故填on/upon。
【43题详解】
考查不定式。句意：在中国东部的福建省，豆腐和蔬菜球是为家庭和生意祈祷而制作的。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语be made to do sth.，表示“为了做某事而被制作”，设空处应填不定式，故填to pray。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：吃用糯米饭制成的撑腰糕是苏州节日期间的一件必做之事。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处泛指“一件必做的事”，设空处应用不定冠词。must以辅音音素开头，故填a。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这种做法似乎与俗话相符。“如果你在龙抬头节上吃撑腰糕，你的腰一整年都不会疼”。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语be consistent with，表示“与……相符”，故填consistent。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46. 假如你是新华国际学校的学生会主席李华，你校将举行主题为“Promoting Traditional Chinese Culture”的英语演讲比赛。作为主持人，请你致开场词。要点包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.介绍比赛流程。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Ladies and gentlemen,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Now let’s welcome contestant No.1!
【答案】Ladies and gentlemen,
Good afternoon! Welcome to the speech contest! Let’s extend our warmest welcome to the guests and judges! Firstly let me introduce the procedures/arrangements of this contest
There are ten contestants in total, who will deliver their speeches entitled“Promoting Traditional Chinese Culture”one by one. Following each speech, judges are supposed to grade it. At the end of the contest, our headmaster will announce the final winners. What excites us most must be the prize-awarding session when the top three will be granted certificates. Let’s wait and see who will be the winners! Are you ready for their wonderful performances?
Now let’s welcome contestant No. 1!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。文章要求考生作为主持人，为主题为“Promoting Traditional Chinese Culture”的英语演讲比赛写一篇开场词。
【详解】1.词汇积累
比赛：contest→competition
总共：in total→in all
使某人兴奋：excite→thrill
应该做某事：be supposed to do sth.→ought to do sth.
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：At the end of the contest, our headmaster will announce the final winners.
拓展句：At the end of the contest, our headmaster will announce the final winners, who perform the best in the contest.
【点睛】【高分句型1】There are ten contestants in total, who will deliver their speeches entitled“Promoting Traditional Chinese Culture”one by one. （运用了who引导的非限定性定语从句）
【高分句型2】What excites us most must be the prize-awarding session when the top three will be granted certificates.（运用了what引导的主语从句）
第二节(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As a young boy, I was carefree. Every vacation I looked forward to two things—seeing my grandpa and hearing his wonderful stories. My grandpa was a very good storyteller. He had worked various odd jobs when he was young and wove his adventures and misadventures into fantastic tales. These wonderful tales colored my childhood.
As I grew up, I had to admit that Grandpa’s stories went on a little long, even a little boring and gradually lost their magic. However, not wanting to upset him, my brother and I would sometimes take turns sitting in the living room, listening to grandpa tell his stories.
When my grandpa was approaching 91, he suffered from serious memory-loss. It was kind of what doctors called dementia (痴呆), probably the earliest stage of Alzheimer’s disease. Following the doctor’s directions, we moved him into a Sunrise Assisted Living Community, where he could get a better care. After that, grandpa hardly came to our house.
One weekend before my grandpa’s birthday, I came to visit him. Seeing grandpa sitting in his armchair, dull-looking, I was consumed with mixed feelings. I wheeled grandpa to the sunshine in the courtyard, talking to him. He couldn’t express himself clearly and spoke in short bursts, but I listened to him patiently and carefully just as I used to be a little boy.
It was then that I noticed a shadow box with some old and yellowish photos in it. I picked one up, in which my brother, several boys in our neighborhood, and I were playing basketball with grandpa cheering us on twenty years before. My mind flashed back to those beautiful memories. Back then, Grandpa was in good physical condition and we were all wearing basketball jerseys, playing and laughing with abandon. I presented the photo to my grandpa, pointing at each member and reminding him of their names. Incredibly, grandpa could speak out the name of every player. I even caught a soft light in grandpa’s eyes and a smile on his lips.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A bright idea for grandpa’s birthday came to my mind.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Seeing “the same players” playing there, grandpa seemed to have thought of something.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 A bright idea for grandpa’s birthday came to my mind. “Why not give grandpa a surprise?” I said to myself. I immediately got down to carrying out my plan. Luckily, I contacted all the players in the photo. To my great delight, they were greatly touched by the plan and all agreed to join in. To make the scene real, I even managed to find all the basketball jerseys, equipment and arrange for a similar-looking basketball court. The big day finally came. After wheeling my grandpa to the court, we began the special game. While playing, I kept an eye on grandpa, waiting for something deep down.
Seeing “the same players” playing there, grandpa seemed to have thought of something. Glancing at grandpa again, I found him cheering us on just like 20 years before. Sitting in the warm sunlight, he cheered and clapped, with a bigger smile. For a while, my mind seemed to flash back to those beautiful days. Indeed, my plan somewhat worked. I was overjoyed that I could do something to delight Grandpa, an important person in my 1ife. I was not sure whether this birthday would stick in his mind, but one thing was certain: it’d definitely stick in mine.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者爷爷在作者小的时候经常给作者讲故事，现在爷爷老了，得了失忆症，住进了老人院。作者在爷爷生日前为爷爷策划了一个生日惊喜。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我想到了一个给爷爷过生日的好主意。”以及第二段首句“看到‘同一批打球的人’在那里玩，爷爷似乎想到了什么。”可知，第一段讲述的是作者为爷爷准备的惊喜就是把当年一起打球的人都聚集了起来。
②由第二段首句内容“看到‘同一批打球的人’在那里玩，爷爷似乎想到了什么。”可知，第二段可叙述爷爷的反应和作者的感触。
2.续写线索：作者小时候爷爷的陪伴——爷爷患病住进老人院——爷爷状态不好——作者想为爷爷准备惊喜——作者联系当年打球的人——爷爷似乎想到了以往的时光
3.词汇激活
行为类
①着手做……：get down to/set about doing
②成功做……：manage to do/succeed in doing/be able to do
情绪类
①开心：with a big smile on his face/wearing a big smile on his face/smiling happily
②感动：be touched/be moved
【点睛】【高分句型1】I was overjoyed that I could do something to delight Grandpa, an important person in my 1ife. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I was not sure whether this birthday would stick in his mind, but one thing was certain: it’d definitely stick in mine.（运用了whether引导的宾语从句）
听力答案：1-5 BABCC 6-10 BCABA 11-15 BCCAC 16-20 BAABA
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