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江苏省常州高级中学
2022~2023学年第一学期高一年级期中质量调研
英语试卷
说明：1.以下题目的答案请全部填写在答卷纸上。
2.本卷总分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman imply?
A. She didn’t clean the apartment.
B. She’ll help the man clean his apartment.
C. She needs to clean the lab.
2. What does the woman mean?
A. She saw the man run out.
B. She thought the man’s laundry was done badly.
C. She was sorry the man couldn’t finish his laundry.
3. What does the man imply?
A. His coach didn’t help him enough.
B. He had no chance of winning.
C. He didn’t follow his coach’s advice.
4. What does the woman mean?
A. She likes the new theatre in town.
B. She expects the theatre to close down.
C. She’s surprised by the news.
5. What does the man say about the activities?
A. They aren’t very good because they’re so different.
B. He thinks they should do both.
C. It doesn’t matter which one they do.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6. What is the woman’s real problem?
A. She feels headache.
B. She feels frightened.
C. She feels very stressed.
7 What food is considered as low stress food?
A. Apples and grapes. B. Hamburgers. C. French fries.
8. What is the woman going to do?
A. To eat less. B. To eat more. C. To change her food.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9. What are the man and the woman talking about?
A. A film. B. A real story. C. A ghost story.
10. What’s the firs name of the man they are talking about?
A. Tim. B. Tom. C. Smith.
11. Why didn’t the man return home after the war?
A. He had been wounded in the war.
B. The man hasn’t told the woman yet.
C. He had to sell newspapers at the railway station.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12. What is NOT true about the man?
A. Water is running down his leg.
B. He cannot breathe well after a walk.
C He hasn’t been sleeping well because of the pain in his leg.
13. What has caused the trouble?
A. The woman doesn’t know yet.
B. He was burnt by boiling water.
C. He has tired himself out in his work.
14 What’s the woman’s name?
A. Doctor Cook.
B. Doctor Martin.
C. The conversation doesn’t tell us.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. Where are the man end the woman going?
A. To the bus station.
B Io the police station.
C. To the railway station.
16. What does the woman think they should do?
A. Take a taxi.
B. Walk slowly.
C. Leave the bags with the police.
17. What does the man find out at last?
A. Fifteen minutes is too long.
B. The traffic is moving too slowly.
C. He is not able to carry two bags.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. According to the passage, what were dogs trained for in the past?
A. For protection against other animals.
B. For protection against other dogs.
C. Just for fun.
19. Why were dogs used for hunting?
A. Because they did not eat other animals.
B. Because they were useful for protection.
C. Because they always obeyed their masters.
20. What is the most important reason for people in the city to keep dogs now?
A. For companionship.
B. For amusement.
C. For protection against robbery.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Brought to you by the Audio Publishers Association (APA) and created by industry experts, this easy-to-use new website provides valuable and practical resources. They help teachers and parents discover the power of audiobooks for use in learning programs. See for yourself how sound learning can promote literacy for children of all ages.
Visit www.SoundLearningAPA.org to explore the lesson plans, watch the videos, and encourage sound learning today.
1. Which of the following group might benefit most from sound learning?
A. School children B. Industry experts
C. Parents of Grade 2 D. Illiterate adults
2. Which of the following is TRUE about sound learning?
A. It can help children understand 76% of the text.
B. It can increase both reading accuracy and speed.
C. It can improve other types of learning by 85%.
D. It can help increase test scores of all subjects.
3. With the website, one will ______________.
A. encounter some technical difficulties
B. have access to many practical resources
C. watch the latest award-winning videos
D. improve literacy in less than two years
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要推荐给读者一个有声学习的网站，这个网站提供很多有价值的有声资源，这给孩子学习带来很多方面的益处。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“They help teachers and parents discover the power of audiobooks for use in learning programs.See for yourself how sound learning can promote literacy for children of all ages.（他们帮助老师和家长在学习项目中发现使用有声读物的力量。你自己来看看有声学习是怎样促进各个年龄段孩子的读写能力的。）”由此可知，有声学习会使学龄儿童受益，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据图片内容“INCREASES READING ACCURACY BY 52%(阅读正确率提升了52%)”以及“INCREASES READING SPEED(提升阅读速度)”，由此可知，有声学习既能提升阅读正确率也能提升阅读速度，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“this easy-to-use new website provides valuable and practical resources.(这个容易使用的新网站提供有价值和实用的资源。)”由此可知，通过这个网站，可以使用很多实用的资源，故选B。
B
If you’ve ever taken a class in drawing, painting or pottery and in spite of your best effort, couldn’t make the final result look anything like the model shown, you may have thought, “I don’t have a creative bone in my body.”
According to some scientists, who for the past 20 years have put the elusive (难以解释的) subject of creativity through the rigors (严谨) of research, you are underestimating yourself. Da Vinci you may never be, but when it comes to creativity, we are all somewhat blessed (享有). It’s learning to encourage this unique tool of extraordinary productivity, and then applying it in everything you do, that counts to tell you from figures like Da Vinci.
“Even if we don’t have the good fortune to discover a new chemical element or write a great story, the love of the creative process for its own sake is available to all,” says Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi in Creativity: Flow and Psychology of Discovery and Invention.
Most people believe the area of creativity has been awarded to those thought to have special talent. We look upon these “creative geniuses,” as we often call them, with great respect and a bit of envy. Their abilities, most people believe, ore bestowed (给予) by good genes, or, as if in Greek mythology (神话), from some kind of divine (天赐的) inspiration.
There is no doubt that the world is never short of highly talented and creative people. They are masters of their trades and stand heads-and-shoulders above commoners, making new pathways for others to follow, and providing greater context and understanding of our world. It could be said that without creativity humanity would not evolve so rapidly.
But like a publicly recognized creative baseball player who improves his skill through years of continuous training, foregoing other pursuits for the only passion, people who show the slightest unwillingness for tough labor may finally find their boasted (自夸的) ability disappear.
After closely studying 91 creative and influential people, including novelists, playwrights, composers, musicians and scientists, Csikszentmihalyi concludes that no one would ignore the sweat they shed (流淌) and their almost crazy willingness to follow their creative efforts to the very end, wherever that may be. These are the very things we all can master, so long as we’d like to.
4. It’s widely believed that creativity comes from ______.
A good training people receive from artistic classes B. the inborn genes or relevant gifts.
C. the tool we learn from masters like Da Vinci D. certain Greek historical textbooks
5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Common people rather than creative ones lead in various professions.
B. People’s admiration of geniuses makes humanity develop quickly.
C. The field of baseball requires more gifts than hard work.
D. The building of creativity lies in devotion and effort.
6. The underlined word foregoing is closest in meaning to ______.
A. giving up B. counting on C. referring to D. turning to
7. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How ordinary people and scientists view things differently.
B. The reasons for the development of various trades and humanity.
C. People’s misunderstanding of creativity and its true nature.
D. Ordinary people’s unwillingness to follow the examples of creative ones.
【答案】4 B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们普遍认为创造力是一种天赋，其实这是一种误解，科学家验证了创造力是与人的辛苦付出分不开的。只要人们愿意付出艰辛努力，创造力是可以掌握的。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Most people believe the area of creativity has been awarded to those thought to have special talent. We look upon these “creative geniuses,” as we often call them, with great respect and a bit of envy. Their abilities, most people believe, ore bestowed (给予) by good genes, or, as if in Greek mythology (神话), from some kind of divine (天赐的) inspiration.(大多数人认为创造力是授予那些被认为有特殊才能的人的。我们对这些我们常称他们为“创造性天才”的人满怀敬意，也带着一点嫉妒。大多数人相信，他们的能力来自良好的基因，或者像希腊神话中一样，来自某种神的启示)”可知，人们普遍认为创造力来自与生俱来的基因或相关的天赋。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“But like a publicly recognized creative baseball player who hones his skill through years of continuous training, foregoing other pursuits for the sole passion, people who show the slightest reluctance for arduous labor are bound to witness their boasted ability disappear.(但是，就像一个公认的有创造力的棒球运动员，通过多年的持续训练来磨练他的技术，放弃了其他的追求，为了唯一的爱好，那些对艰苦的劳动表现出丝毫不情愿的人，必然会看到他们所夸耀的能力消失)”可知，通过多年的持续艰苦训练才会成就有创造力的棒球运动员，而对于没有坚持艰苦付出和努力的人是不会再有所夸耀的“创造力”的。故选D。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。分析可知，划线单词所在短语“foregoing other pursuits for the sole passion”中“the sole passion”应是指前文“But like a publicly recognized creative baseball player who hones his skill through years of continuous training”提及的“baseball”，棒球运动。由此可知，一个有创造力的棒球运动员应是为了棒球运动这一目标而不断努力训练，从而会放弃其他的“爱好”。由此可推知，“foregoing”应是“放弃”含义，与选项A“giving up”含义一致。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知，文章第二段内容“According to some scientists, who for the past 20 years have put the elusive subject of creativity through the rigors of research, you are underrating yourself. Da Vinci you may never be, but when it comes to creativity, we are all somewhat blessed.(根据一些科学家的说法，在过去的20年里，他们把创造力这个难以捉摸的课题通过了严格的研究，你低估了自己。你也许永远不会成为达·芬奇，但说到创意，我们都多少有点福气)”以及最后一段“Csikszentmihalyi concludes that no one would ignore the sweat they shed (流淌) and their almost crazy willingness to follow their creative efforts to the very end, wherever that may be. These are the very things we all can master, so long as we’d like to.(Csikszentmihalyi的结论是，没有人会忽视他们所付出的汗水，以及他们近乎疯狂的意愿，无论他们的创造性努力是在哪里，都要坚持到底。只要我们愿意，这些都是我们可以掌握的)”可知，本文主要是关于人们对创造力的误解及其本质。故选C。
C
Scientists say they have developed a system that uses machine learning to know when and where lightning will strike. Researchers report the system is able to tell that lightning strikes up to 30 minutes before they happen within a 30-kilometer area.
Lightning is a strong burst of electricity in the atmosphere. Since it carries an extremely powerful electrical charge(电荷), it can be destructive and deadly. European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason, climate scientists have long sought to develop methods to predict lightning.
The system tested in the experiments uses a combination of data from weather stations and machine learning methods. The researchers developed a prediction model that was trained to recognize weather conditions that were likely to cause lightning.
The model was created with data collected over a 12-year period from 12 Swiss weather stations in cities and mountain areas. The data, related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed, was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm(算法), which compared it to records of lightning strikes. Researchers say the algorithm was then able to learn the conditions under which lightning happens.
The researchers test-ran the system several times. They found that the system made predictions that proved correct almost 80 percent of the time. “It can now be used anywhere,” the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology said in a statement.
The researchers plan to keep developing the technology in partnership with a European effort that aims to create a lightning protection program. The effort is called the European Laser Lightning Rod project. Scientists working on the project are experimenting with a laser technology that could someday control lightning activity, taking lightning charges from clouds to the ground. They hope that such technology can one day be used as protection against lightning strikes. Possible uses could be at stations, airports or places where large crowds gather.
8. Why was the system developed?
A. To protect people from lightning.
B To show the power of lightning.
C. To keep track of lightning deaths.
D. To meet kids’ curiosity about lightning.
9. What is special about the system?
A. It was based on a number of samples worldwide.
B. It adopted a different machine learning algorithm.
C. It used an effective method of collecting data.
D. It required low cost of predicting lightning.
10. What will the researchers do next with the laser technology?
A. Monitor lightning activity. B. Prevent the occurrence of lightning.
C. Produce electricity with lightning. D. Direct energy from lightning.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A System of Controlling Lightning.
B. A Theory of Explaining Lightning.
C. A Method of Predicting Lightning.
D. A Model of Creating Lightning.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了科学家们开发的一种能预测闪电的系统。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason, climate scientists have long sought to develop methods to predict lightning.(欧洲研究人员估计，全球每年有6000到24000人死于雷击。由于这个原因，气候科学家一直在寻找预测闪电的方法。)”可知，研究人员一直在寻找预测闪电的方法是因为每年都有很多人死于雷击；结合文章最后一段的“They hope that such technology can one day be used as protection against lightning strikes. Possible uses could be at stations, airports or places where large crowds gather. (他们希望这样的技术有一天能被用于防止雷击。可能的用途可能是在车站、机场或大量人群聚集的地方。)”可推知，研究人员开发这一系统的目的在于保护人们免受雷击。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The data, related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed, was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm(算法), which compared it to records of lightning strikes.(这些数据与四种主要地表条件有关：气压、空气温度、相对湿度和风速，这些数据被放入一个独特的机器学习算法中，并与雷击记录进行比较。)”可知，气压、空气温度、相对湿度和风速等数据会放入到一种独特的机器学习算法中，并与雷击记录进行比较。由此可知，系统特殊在采用了一种独特的机器学习算法。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“Scientists working on the project are experimenting with a laser technology that could someday control lightning activity, taking lightning charges from clouds to the ground.(从事该项目的科学家们正在试验一种激光技术，该技术有朝一日可以控制闪电活动，将闪电电荷从云层带到地面。)”可知，科学家们正在研究一种激光技术，这种技术能控制闪电活动，将云层的闪电电荷带到地面上。由此可推知，有了激光技术后，科学家们下一步可能会把目标放在闪电产生的能量上。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读文章可知，文章首段首句“Scientists say they have developed a system that uses machine learning to know when and where lightning will strike.(科学家们表示，他们已经开发出一种使用机器来了解闪电何时何地会发生的系统。)”提出科学家们已经开发出一种用机器来了解闪电会在何时何地发生的系统；第二段介绍了开发该系统的原因；第三、四、五段介绍了该系统的工作原理和研究过程；最后一段介绍了该系统的研究现状。由此可知，本文主要介绍了这种能预测闪电的系统。C项“A Method of Predicting Lightning.”最能概括本文主旨。故选C项。
D
Social media is taking over our lives: Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and now, TikTok. These social media platforms have changed from a way to stay connected to an industry where even kids can make money off their posts. While this may seem like another opportunistic innovation, it’s really full of hidden false realities.
The median income (中位收入) recorded in the United States of American was about $63,000 in 2018. TikTokers can make anywhere from $50,000 to $150,000 for a TikTok brand partnership, and TikTokers with over a million followers can make up to $30,000 a month — $360,000 a year. They are making more than the average person trying to feed their family and keep a roof over their heads simply by posting a 15-second video.
This is mad in more ways than one. Not only is it an overpaid “job”, it promotes undeserved admiration from viewers and a false sense of reality. Many of these famous TikTokers are still teens and the effects of fame at such an early stage in life might cause issues later in life, such as mental illness. Teens between the ages of 13 and 17 make up 27% of TikTok viewers, who can be easily influenced by what they are watching. They can put a false sense of self-value into who they look up to and what they represent: money, fame, being considered conventionally attractive.
While TikTok has become a great tool for marketing, it’s important to understand how this content affects young viewers. If we’re constantly consuming content that shows us all we need to do to be successful is be conventionally attractive and post a 15-second video featuring a new dance, it will challenge our knowledge of what really makes someone successful and will in turn affect our individual work ethnics (伦理). What about the people who miss birthdays and family holidays due to their jobs and aren’t getting paid nearly as much as these TikTokers?
Richard Colyer, president and creator of Metaphor, Inc, had his own view on this issue. “It sounds great that kids can make money for doing the latest dance moves in a 15-second video, but we should feed the minds of kids and not just their bank accounts. TikTok can be great if used properly. Money alone is not good; technology alone is not good and connectedness can be bad if it is only online.”
Again, as a fellow consumer of TikTok, I do enjoy the app when I have some time to kill and need a good laugh. I’m not against someone making a living on entertainment, but what does getting famous off of a 15-second video teach young people?
12. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. Social networking. B. Making money on social media.
C. A job offered by TikTok. D. Staying connected to the Internet.
13. Which is the possible influence of TikTok on its young users?
A. They tend to live an adult life too soon.
B. They are forced to pay for certain services.
C. They are likely to develop false values.
D. They may stop believing other social media.
14. What can we infer from Richard Colyer’s comments?
A. TikTok can be a positive influence if teens make good use of it.
B. Young TikTokers should be banned from making money.
C. It is better to involve education on investment in TikTok videos.
D. Contents of videos need checking before their release online.
15. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. A Job vs An Entertainment
B. Join Young TikTokers
C. Say No to TikTok
D. TikTok — A Mine of Money
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文阐述了社交媒体从单纯的社交软件变为赚钱工具的现象，并呼吁青少年用户群体正确使用社交媒体和树立正确的价值观。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据指代关系和第一段的“These social media platforms have transformed from a way to stay connected to an industry where even kids can make money off their posts. While this may seem like another opportunistic innovation, it’s really full of hidden false realities.”（这些社交媒体平台已经从一种保持联系的方式转变为一个连孩子都能通过发帖赚钱的行业。虽然这看起来像是另一种机会主义创新，但它确实充满了隐藏的非真实现实。）可知，this指代上文中“even kids can make money off their posts”这一现象，即“在社交媒体上赚钱”。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Teens between the ages of 13 and 17 make up 27% of TikTok viewers, who can be easily influenced by what they are watching. They can put a false sense of self-value into who they look up to and what they represent: money, fame, being considered conventionally attractive.”（13至17岁的青少年占TikTok观众的27%，他们很容易受到所看内容的影响。他们会把一种错误的自我价值感放在他们所崇拜的人和他们所代表的东西上：金钱、名誉、被认为具有传统吸引力。）可知，孩子们很容易被观看的内容影响，他们可能会建立错误的自我价值观念，追求传统意义上更加吸引人的金钱和名誉，即年轻的用户可能会树立不正确的价值观。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段Richard Colyer的话“TikTok can be great if used properly.”（如果使用恰当的话，抖音可能会是很棒的）推知，在Richard Colyer看来，如果使用恰当的话，抖音可能会对青少年有好的影响。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文并结合最后一段“Again, as a fellow consumer of TikTok, I do enjoy the app when I have some time to kill and need a good laugh. I’m not against someone making a living on entertainment, but what does getting famous off of a 15-second video teach young people?”（而且，作为它的消费者，当我有时间消磨，需要大笑的时候，我的确喜欢这个软件。我并不反对某人靠娱乐谋生，但是一个15秒的视频教年轻人什么能出名呢？）可知，本文是观点对峙类议论文。文章主要阐述了社交媒体从单纯的社交软件变为赚钱工具的现象，并且很多用户的收入远高于普通人。作者认为抖音应被当作娱乐方式，而不是人们赚钱的工具，因为短短的15秒视频并不能教给青少年太多有价值的东西。因此推断A项“工作还是娱乐”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。
第二节 七选五(共5题;每小题2.5分，滿分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sometimes we turn to others for advice on major career decisions. But they may direct us in the wrong direction.
Why does so much career advice end up being misguided? The problem may start with who we turn to for advice. ___16___ I have watched many students rely on their parents and grandparents for guidance,forgetting that they were raised in an age when it was common to spend an entire career in one organization.
___17___It’s uncertain that they will know what’s right for us. Advisors often focus too heavily on their personal preferences and experiences rather than take our perspective(视角).
At some point, you have probably noticed that you are wiser when giving advice to others than you are in making decisions for yourself. You are not alone. ___18___The lesson here is that one of the most effective ways to get better advice is to give it. Sure enough researchers find that our reasoning becomes wiser when we think about our problems from a third person prospective.
Advising others helps us make better decisions. And it also leaves us more motivated(有动力的) to follow through. In one experiment, it was expected that people were more motivated when receiving than giving advice. ___19___ It was people who gave advice who become more motivated.
If you want to get better career advice, you can start by reflecting on what you would tell someone else with a similar question. Listen to the advice you give to others. It’s usually the advice you need to take yourself. ___20___
A. It often happens because we have more distance from other people’s problems than our own.
B. But the opposite was true.
C. However, sometimes we make decisions depending on ourselves.
D. We often listen to the wrong sources.
E. And it might be the best way to motivate yourself, too.
F. But it was easier said than done.
G. What about going to people who are qualified to give advice?
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. A 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在重大职业决定上向他人寻求建议可能会把我们引向错误的方向并分析了原因，指出获得更好的职业建议的方法是倾听你给别人的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Why does so much career advice end up being misguided? The problem may start with who we turn to for advice. (为什么这么多的职业建议最终都被误导了呢?问题可能从我们向谁征求意见开始。)”，可知该空前面提到职业建议误导的原因，问题可能始于我们向谁寻求建议，这也许就是错误的来源，谁与后文的grandparents and parents都是sources的具体所指。因此选项D“我们经常听错误的来源。”符合题意。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Advisors often focus too heavily on their personal preferences and experiences rather than take our perspective(视角). (咨询顾问们往往过于关注他们的个人喜好和经历，而不是我们的观点。)”，该空是该段的起始句，空白处后面的意思是他们不知道什么对我们来说是正确的，建议者过于关注他们的琐事和经验，而不是从我们的角度考虑，可以推测空白处是询问向专业的职业选择建议者咨询怎么样，与上文向我们的亲人寻求建议形成对照。因此选项G“去找那些有资格提供建议的人怎么样?”符合题意。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文“At some point, you have probably noticed that you are wiser when giving advice to others than you are in making decisions for yourself. You are not alone. (在某种程度上，你可能已经注意到，给别人建议比自己做决定更明智。并不只是你。)”，空白处的前面写到你在给别人提建议时比自己做决定更重要，You are not alone对应A项的It often happens，对别人的问题比自己的问题有更远的距离对应前面的话。因此选项A“它经常发生，因为我们与别人的问题的距离比我们自己的问题的距离要远。”符合题意。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“ In one experiment, it was expected that people were more motivated when receiving than giving advice. (在一项实验中，人们在收到建议时比给予建议时更有动力。)”和下文“ It was people who gave advice who become more motivated. (提出建议的人会变得更有动力。)”，空白处前后形成一个对比，前面是人们当在收到建议比给予建议更有动力，后面是给予建议的人更有动力，前后对比，对应B项的转折词But 和the opposite。因此选项B“但事实正好相反。”符合题意。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Listen to the advice you give to others. It’s usually the advice you need to take yourself. (倾听你给别人的建议。这通常是你自己需要接受的建议。)”，空白处是该段的最后一句，对前文进行总结或者进一步阐述，前文意思是如果想得到更好的更大胆的建议，思考用类似的问题询问别人，倾听你给别人的建议，这通常是你要采纳的建议，and对比进一步阐述，结合上一段，这也许也是激励自己的最好方法。因此选项E“这也可能是激励你自己的最好方法。”符合题意。故选E。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分70分)
第一节 完型填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I grew up in a house where my mother did not trust my sisters and me to manage our own appearance. As a result, there were ____21____, and fashion was largely ignored.
However, two years ago, I was home for a visit when my mom, in her early 70s, called me into her bedroom. “I don’t know what to wear”, she ____22____. “You girls always look so good.”
I looked at her, wondering if I’d ____23____. “What do you mean?” I asked her, “You know what to wear.”
“No, I don’t.” She answered. “Can you pick something for me?” She repeated the question again. I was so ____24____ and couldn’t believe my ears.
This was the same woman who had told my younger sister she wasn’t allowed to wear a pair of ripped(有破洞的)jeans; the same woman who, in high school, called me while I was out at a party to ask if my hair was up. “Don’t do that, because you look ____25____ with your hair down.” she told me, before I could ____26____.
Suddenly, I realized that my mother—always so strong—not only wanted my ____27____, but needed it.
I pulled a pair of blue jeans from the closet. “This ____28____ your black shoes perfectly,” I told her. She did. My mother certainly doesn’t need anyone to take care of her. In fact, she still ____29____ my grandmother who lives with her. But with that _____30_____, my mother and I started the role exchange reversal(转变)that happens with all parents and all children, from caregiver to _____31_____.
Now, if I’m visiting or we’re together, it’s _____32_____ for her to wear anything without asking me for advice first. I’m still always a bit surprised by the admission(承认)of her _____33_____. But every so often, it seems like she asks me just to be able to _____34_____ my answer and pick out something on her own instead. And _____35_____ she does, I just tell her what I think of the way she looks. Sometimes it’s “great”. And sometimes it’s “awful”.
21. A. praises B. comments C. plans D. rules
22. A. concentrated B. complained C. argued D. advised
23. A. checked B. escaped C. misunderstood D. wandered
24. A. surprised B. disappointed C. amazed D. awkward
25. A. worse B. tougher C. slimmer D. better
26. A. stop B. smile C. answer D. leave
27. A. concern B. opinion C. company D. support
28. A. fits B. equals C. matches D. suits
29. A. looks after B. relies on C. stands by D. cares about
30. A. saying B. call C. order D. question
31. A. leader B. receiver C. reminder D. onlooker
32. A. rare B. possible C. likely D. insecure
33. A. anxiety B. inflexibility C. impatience D. uncertainty
34. A. wait for B. agree with C. disagree with D. stick to
35. A. before B. when C. unless D. since
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了曾经不相信作者和姊妹们能自己打理好外表的母亲，如今开始就穿着征求作者的意见，这让作者感到惊讶，也意识到自己和妈妈的角色发生了转换，母亲从看护者变成了接受看护的人。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，有了规则，时尚在很大程度上被忽视了。A. praises赞扬；B. comments评论；C. plans计划；D. rules规则。根据上文“I was raised in a house where my mother did not trust my sisters and me to manage our own appearance.”可知，此处指家里的规则，即作者和姐妹们的穿着由妈妈说了算。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我不知道穿什么好，”她坐在沙发上抱怨。A. concentrated集中；B. complained抱怨；C. argued争论；D. advised建议。根据上文“I don’t know what to wear”可知，母亲抱怨没有适合的衣服穿。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着她，想知道我是否理解错了。A. checked检查；B. escaped逃跑；C. misunderstood误解；D. wandered徘徊。根据下文““What do you mean？” I asked her. “You know what to wear.””可知，作者对母亲的话表示惊讶，怀疑自己理解错了。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是如此的惊讶，并且不敢相信我的耳朵。A. surprised惊讶的；B. disappointed失望的；C. amazed吃惊的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据下文“couldn’t believe my ears”可知，作者很惊讶。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“别那样做，因为你留着头发看起来更好。”我还没来得及回答，她就告诉我。A. worse更坏的；B. tougher更艰苦的；C. slimmer更苗条的；D. better更好的。根据上文“Don’t do that”可知，母亲觉得作者的女性朋友把头发放下来更好看。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意见第5题详解。A. stop停止；B. smile微笑；C. answer回答；D. leave离开。根据上文“ask if my hair was up”可知，此处是作者还来不及回答这个问题，她的母亲便抢先发表的观点。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，我意识到母亲总是那么坚强，不仅想要我意见，而且需要它。A. concern关心；B. opinion观点，意见；C. company陪伴；D. support支持。根据上文“Can you pick something？”可知，母亲想知道作者的意见。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这和你的黑鞋很配，”我告诉她。A. fits合身；B. equals平等；C. matches匹配；D. suits适合。根据下文“your black shoes perfectly”可知，这里指裤子和黑鞋子匹配，应用match。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：事实上，她仍然照顾着和她住在一起的奶奶。A. looks after照料；B. relies on依靠；C. stands by支持；D. cares about关心。根据下文“my grandmother who lives with her”可知，母亲还在照料祖母。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有了这个问题，我和母亲开始了角色互换，这发生在所有父母和所有孩子身上，从照顾者到接受者。A. saying谚语；B. call电话；C. order订单；D. question问题。根据上文“Can you pick something for me?”可知母亲实际上不需要任何人照顾，但还是会就穿着询问作者的意见，所以作者带着这个问题，和妈妈开始了所有父母和孩子的角色转换。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意见第10题详解。A. leader领导；B. receiver接受者；C. reminder提醒者；D. onlooker旁观者。根据上文“my mother and I started the role reversal”可知，作者和母亲的角色发生了转换，母亲由看护作者的人，变成了接受作者意见的人。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，如果我来访或我们在一起，她很少穿任何衣服而不先征求我的意见。A. rare稀有的；B. possible可能的；C. likely可能的；D. insecure不安全的。根据下文“for her to wear anything without checking with me first”可知，母亲现在很少不先征得作者的同意就穿戴任何东西。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然对承认她的不确定性感到有点惊讶。A. anxiety焦虑；B. inflexibility顽固；C. impatience无耐心；D. uncertainty不确定。根据上文“it’s 12 for her to wear anything without checking with me fist.”可知，作者对母亲常常就自己如何穿戴询问作者的意见，由此可知，她对自己的穿着不确定。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但偶尔，她问我似乎只是为了不同意我的意见，而是自己挑一些东西。A. wait for等待；B. agree with赞成；C. disagree with不同意；D. stick to坚持。根据下文“pick out something on her own”可知，母亲有时不同意作者的意见，自己挑衣服穿。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当她这么做的时候，我就告诉她我觉得她看起来怎么样。A. before在……之前；B. when当……时候；C. unless除非；D. since自从。根据下文“she does, I just tell her what I think of the way she looks”可知，这里指当作者的妈妈这么做的时候，空格处需要连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”的意思，应用when。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There have been a lot of ____36____ (argue) about the junk (垃圾) that pops up in the form of game-related push notices on smartphones where their kids play video games. In fact, that happens because app developers take advantage of algorithms (演算法) to get more hits and reading counts, ____37____ they believe increase their data flow and trick users to visit their pages.
However, this kind of “smartness” is bad for users, for the information sent this way is rarely of any educational value and beyond the ____38____ (recognize) of children. Once they get trapped in this “information cocoon (保护罩)”, it isn’t ____39____ (benefit) to their learning process.
To prevent that from happening, market regulators need to ____40____ (strength) management of app algorithms and they could also improve the technology to prevent users from getting addicted to junk information. ____41____ (addition), the laws must ____42____ (make) so that smart phone apps don’t continue helping those advertisers ____43____ target is to make profit by spreading junk. Although increased data flow is meant ____44____ (attract) commercial advertisements, media outlets shouldn’t pursue profit at the cost of youngsters’ mental growth. Finally, children need to be taught how to tell junk from useful information, thus keeping them ____45____ (concentrate) on the right thing.
For that to happen, both schools and parents need to make joint efforts to teach them how to use apps to broaden their knowledge and avoid getting lost in the ocean of useless information.
【答案】36. arguments
37. which 38. recognition
39. beneficial
40. strengthen
41. Additionally
42. be made
43. whose 44. to attract
45. concentrating
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以“孩子在玩电子游戏的智能手机上弹出游戏相关的推送通知”为话题进行说明，开发商这样做是为了增加数据流，但是这样做对于孩子来说弊大于益。为了避免这种形式的“吸流”，市场监管应该加强应用程序算法的管理，制定法律法规防止“垃圾推送”；学校和家长需要共同努力，教他们如何使用应用程序来扩大他们的知识，避免迷失在无用信息的海洋中。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：关于在孩子玩电子游戏的智能手机上以游戏相关推送通知的形式弹出的垃圾信息，有很多争论。分析句子可知，此空应填名词，argument表“争论”，为可数名词，且a lot of后可数名词应用复数。故填arguments。
【37题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句引导词。句意：事实上，这是因为应用程序开发人员利用算法获得更多点击率和阅读计数，他们认为这增加了数据流，欺骗用户访问他们的页面。分析可知，“ 2 they believe increase their data flow and trick users to visit their pages”为非限制性定语从句，先行词为之前整个句子，在从句中作主语（they believe是插入语），应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，这种“聪明”对用户来说是不好的，因为通过这种方式发送的信息很少有任何教育价值，而且超出了儿童的认知范围。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作介词后宾语，且recognition表“认知，（主观）识别”，为不可数名词。故填recognition。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一旦孩子们被困在这个“信息茧”中，这对他们的学习过程是没有好处的。分析可知，所填空应是形容词作表语。benefit为名词，意为“益处”，其形容词为“beneficial（有益的）”。故填beneficial。
【40题详解】
考查词性转换。句意：为了防止这种情况的发生，市场监管机构需要加强对应用程序算法的管理，他们也可以改进技术，防止用户沉迷于垃圾信息。分析可知，need to do sth.表“需要做某事”，为固定用法，所填空应是动词原形。strength为名词，意为“力量”，其动词形式为strengthen，意为“加强；巩固”。故填strengthen。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：此外，必须制定法律，以防止智能手机应用程序继续帮助那些目标是通过传播垃圾信息来盈利的广告商。分析句子可知，此空应填副词修饰作状语，修饰后面整个句子，且句位于句首时首字母应大写。故填Additionally。
【42题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：此外，必须制定法律，以防止智能手机应用程序继续帮助那些目标是通过传播垃圾信息来盈利的广告商。分析可知，所填空与空前must作复合谓语，动词make意为“制定”，与主语“the laws (法律)”之间为被动关系，应是含有情态动词的被动结构must be done形式。故填be made。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句引导词。句意：此外，必须制定法律，以防止智能手机应用程序继续帮助那些目标是通过传播垃圾信息来盈利的广告商。分析可知，“ 8 target is to make profit by spreading junk”为非限制性定语从句，先行词those advertisers (那些广告商)在从句中作定语，与空后“target (目标；目的)”之间为所属关系，所以应用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：虽然增加的数据流旨在吸引商业广告，媒体不应该以牺牲青少年的心理成长为代价来追求利润。分析可知，be meant to do表“目的是；旨在”，为固定搭配。故填to attract。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：最后，需要教孩子们如何区分有用信息和垃圾信息，从而使他们集中精力在正确的事情上。keep sb. doing意为“让某人一直做某事；让某人持续做某事”，为固定搭配，doing为现在分词作宾语补足语。故填concentrating。
第三节 翻译句子(共8题;每题5分，满分40分)
阅读下面各句，将汉语部分翻译成英文(首选必修一教材中U3、U4的表达方式)。
46. (在我看来，我们不能依赖类似博客的社交媒体来交流，因为它已经损害了我们和朋友之间的关系。)
________________ . Despite the fact that these modern tools keep us connected, ________________. (它们正在逐渐破坏友谊的真正含义，阻止了朋友们亲自见面。) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. In my opinion, we can’t rely on social media like blogs to communicate, because it has damaged our relationship with friends. ②. they are gradually destroying the true meaning of friendship and preventing friends from meeting in person.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，动词，代词，形容词，副词，介词，连词，短语和时态。句意：在我看来，我们不能依赖类似博客的社交媒体来交流，因为它已经损害了我们和朋友之间的关系。尽管这些现代工具让我们保持联系，它们正在逐渐破坏友谊的真正含义，阻止了朋友们亲自见面。表示“在我看来”应用介词短语in my opinion；表示“依赖”应用动词短语rely on；表示“社交媒体”应用名词短语social media；表示“交流”应用动词communicate；表示“因为”应用连词because；表示“损害”应用动词damage；表示“和朋友的关系”应用relationship with friends；表示“逐渐”应用副词gradually；表示“破坏”应用动词destroy；表示“阻止某人做某事”应用动词短语prevent sb. from doing sth.；表示“见面”应用动词meet；表示“亲自”应用介词短语in person；分析句子结构和意思可知，because引导的原因状语从句要用现在完成时，表达“已经损害了”；第二空句子谓语要用现在进行时，表达“正在破坏”的意思。故答案为In my opinion, we can’t rely on social media like blogs to communicate, because it has damaged our relationship with friends；they are gradually destroying the true meaning of friendship and preventing friends from meeting in person。
47. (起初，我们几乎形影不离)________________, whether we were walking to school or hanging out at the weekend. ________________. (但是现在我们的友谊出现了危机，对于接下来做什么我茫然不知所措)(根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. At first, we’re hardly out of each other’s sight ②. But now that our friendship is on the rocks, I don’t know what to do next
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：起初，我们几乎形影不离。无论我们是步行去上学还是周末出去玩。但是现在我们的友谊出现了危机，对于接下来做什么我茫然不知所措。第一空，根据句意“起初”可知，短语为at first；表示“我们几乎形影不离”翻译为we’re hardly out of each other’s sight，为一般现在时；第二空，表示“但是现在我们的友谊出现了危机”翻译为But now that our friendship is on the rocks；表示“对于接下来做什么我茫然不知所措”翻译为I don’t know what to do next，为一般现在时。故填①At first, we’re hardly out of each other’s sight；②But now that our friendship is on the rocks, I don’t know what to do next。
48. 如果Amy确实知道自己有错，却没有向你道歉，让你独自收拾残局，那么是时候考虑是否要放手你们的友谊了。(汉译英)
【答案】If Amy does know she was in the wrong but hasn’t apologized and left you to pick up the pieces, then it’s time to consider consider whether to let go of your friendship.
【解析】
【详解】考查从句，短语和时态。“如果Amy确实知道自己有错，却没有向你道歉，让你独自收拾残局”处理为if引导的条件状语从句，“知道”是know，因陈述现在的情况，故在该词前加上助动词does表强调；“自己有错，却没有向你道歉，让你独自收拾残局”处理为know后的宾语从句，从句成分和意义都完整，用that引导，可省；“有错”是be in the wrong，发生在过去，用一般过去时；“道歉”是apologize，“留下某人做某事”是leave sb. to do sth.，强调过去动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，“收拾残局”是pick up the piece；“那么是时候考虑是否要放手你们的友谊了”是主句，陈述现在的事实，用一般现在时，“是时候做某事”为it’s time to do sth.，“考虑”是consider，“放手”是let go of，“是否放手”可处理为特殊疑问词+不定式结构作宾语，即whether to let go of。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为If Amy does know she was in the wrong but hasn’t apologized and left you to pick up the pieces, then it’s time to consider consider whether to let go of your friendship.
49. 健康专家担忧快速减肥的副作用。他们强烈建议青少年作息规律，多参加运动来保持精力旺盛和身体健康，因为好好生活是最健康、最有效的减肥方式。(汉译英)
【答案】Health experts worry about the side effects of fast weight loss. They strongly suggest that teenagers should work and rest regularly and take more exercise to keep energetic and healthy, because living a good life is the most healthy and effective way to lose weight.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词、时态和宾语从句。根据中文提示可知，这里时态应用一般现在时。表示“健康专家担忧快速减肥的副作用”应用句子Health experts worry about the side effects of fast weight loss.其中 side effects 表“副作用”；表示“他们强烈建议青少年作息规律，多参加运动来保持精力旺盛和身体健康”应用句子They strongly suggest that teenagers should work and rest regularly and take more exercise to keep energetic and healthy，其中suggest后从句使用虚拟语气；表示“因为好好生活是最健康、最有效的减肥方式”应用句子because living a good life is the most healthy and effective way to lose weight，其中because在这里引导原因状语从句。故翻译为Health experts worry about the side effects of fast weight loss. They strongly suggest that teenagers should work and rest regularly and take more exercise to keep energetic and healthy, because living a good life is the most healthy and effective way to lose weight.
50. 排除一切困难后，我们已经建成了新操场，它是用来让学生最大限度地锻炼身体的。现在，学校里呈现出一派新气象。 (汉译英)
【答案】After overcoming all the difficulties, we have built the new playground, which is designed to let the students exercise to the maximum. Now there is a new atmosphere in the school.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词、定语从句、固定短语、动词时态语态等。表示“排除一切困难”可用短语overcome all the difficulties；表示“建成新操场”可用短语build a new playground；表示“用来做某事”可用短语be designed to；表示“让学生最大限度地锻炼身体”可用let students exercise to the maximum；表示“学校呈现出一派新气象”可用there is a new atmosphere in the school。整句译为“After overcoming all the difficulties, we have built the new playground, which is designed to let the students exercise to the maximum. Now there is a new atmosphere in the school.”此处after overcoming all the difficulties在句中作状语，动词overcome与逻辑主语we之间为主动关系，故用现在分词；结合句意可知，动词build的动作已经完成，并且对现在产生影响，故用现在完成时have built；which引导的非限制性定语从句则修饰前面的playground。故翻译为After overcoming all the difficulties, we have built the new playground, which is designed to let the students exercise to the maximum. Now there is a new atmosphere in the school.。
51. 那些诉诸于极端方法来减肥的青少年更有可能在课堂上昏迷，因为他们饮食不均衡、摄入的营养太少。(汉译英)
【答案】Teenagers who resort to extreme measures to lose weight are more likely to pass out in class because they are not eating a balanced diet with too few nutrients.
【解析】
【详解】考查原因状语从句、定语从句和时态。表示“青少年”为名词teenagers，在句中作主语，表示“那些诉诸于极端方法来减肥的青少年”为定语从句，先行词为teenagers，且在从句中作指人的主语，故为Teenagers who resort to extreme measures to lose weight；表示“更有可能”为be more likely to do sth，在句中充当谓语，叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为teenagers，根据主谓一致，故表示“那些诉诸于极端方法来减肥的青少年更有可能在课堂上昏迷”为Teenagers who resort to extreme measures to lose weight are more likely to pass out in class；表示“原因”为because，表示“饮食均衡”为 a balanced diet，表示“摄入的营养太少”为介词短语with too few nutrients，修饰名词diet，故表示“因为他们饮食不均衡、摄入的营养太少”为because引导的原因状语从句，表示目前经常发生的状况，且带有一定的不满情绪，应用现在进行时。故翻译为Teenagers who resort to extreme measures to lose weight are more likely to pass out in class because they are not eating a balanced diet with too few nutrients.
52. 古语说得好，“不要以貌取人”。对青少年来说，防备关于外貌的负面想法很重要。如果他们盲目遵从流行的审美标准，最终会打一场无望取胜的仗。(汉译英)
【答案】As the old saying goes, “Don’t judge a person by his appearance”. It is important for teenagers to guard against negative thoughts about appearance. If they blindly follow the popular aesthetic standards, they will eventually fight a losing battle.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、固定句型和条件状语从句。讲述现在的一般事实，时态用一般现在时，as the old saying goes (正如老话所说)，谚语Don’t judge a person by his appearance (不要以貌取人)，it is +adj. for sb. to do sth.，guard against (提防)，negative thoughts about appearance (关于外貌的负面想法)，If引导条件状语从句（主将从现），副词blindly (盲目地)作状语修饰从句谓语动词follow (遵从)，aesthetic standards (审美标准)，fight a losing battle (打一场无望取胜的仗)，再结合其它汉语提示，故翻译为：As the old saying goes, “Don’t judge a person by his appearance”. It is important for teenagers to guard against negative thoughts about appearance. If they blindly follow the popular aesthetic standards, they will eventually fight a losing battle.
53. 一些父母总以孩子的成绩为自豪，在别人面前炫耀。可是，一旦孩子不能达到他们父母的期待，孩子就会感到很有压力。(汉译英)
【答案】Some parents are always proud of their children’s achievements and show off in front of others. However, once children fail to meet their parents’ expectations, they will feel very stressed.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和条件状语从句。讲述现在一般事实，时态用一般现在时，be proud of (以……为自豪)，show off (炫耀)，in front of (再……面前)，once引导条件状语从句（主将从现），fail to do sth. (未能做某事)， meet their parents’ expectations (达到他们父母的期待)，feel very stressed (感到很有压力)，再结合其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Some parents are always proud of their children’s achievements and show off in front of others. However, once children fail to meet their parents’ expectations, they will feel very stressed.
江苏省常州高级中学
2022~2023学年第一学期高一年级期中质量调研
英语试卷
说明：1.以下题目的答案请全部填写在答卷纸上。
2.本卷总分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman imply?
A. She didn’t clean the apartment.
B. She’ll help the man clean his apartment.
C. She needs to clean the lab.
2. What does the woman mean?
A. She saw the man run out.
B. She thought the man’s laundry was done badly.
C. She was sorry the man couldn’t finish his laundry.
3. What does the man imply?
A. His coach didn’t help him enough.
B. He had no chance of winning.
C. He didn’t follow his coach’s advice.
4. What does the woman mean?
A. She likes the new theatre in town.
B. She expects the theatre to close down.
C. She’s surprised by the news.
5. What does the man say about the activities?
A. They aren’t very good because they’re so different.
B. He thinks they should do both.
C. It doesn’t matter which one they do.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6. What is the woman’s real problem?
A. She feels headache.
B. She feels frightened.
C. She feels very stressed.
7 What food is considered as low stress food?
A. Apples and grapes. B. Hamburgers. C. French fries.
8. What is the woman going to do?
A. To eat less. B. To eat more. C. To change her food.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9. What are the man and the woman talking about?
A. A film. B. A real story. C. A ghost story.
10. What’s the firs name of the man they are talking about?
A. Tim. B. Tom. C. Smith.
11. Why didn’t the man return home after the war?
A. He had been wounded in the war.
B. The man hasn’t told the woman yet.
C. He had to sell newspapers at the railway station.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12. What is NOT true about the man?
A. Water is running down his leg.
B. He cannot breathe well after a walk.
C He hasn’t been sleeping well because of the pain in his leg.
13. What has caused the trouble?
A. The woman doesn’t know yet.
B. He was burnt by boiling water.
C. He has tired himself out in his work.
14 What’s the woman’s name?
A. Doctor Cook.
B. Doctor Martin.
C. The conversation doesn’t tell us.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. Where are the man end the woman going?
A. To the bus station.
B Io the police station.
C. To the railway station.
16. What does the woman think they should do?
A. Take a taxi.
B. Walk slowly.
C. Leave the bags with the police.
17. What does the man find out at last?
A. Fifteen minutes is too long.
B. The traffic is moving too slowly.
C. He is not able to carry two bags.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. According to the passage, what were dogs trained for in the past?
A. For protection against other animals.
B. For protection against other dogs.
C. Just for fun.
19. Why were dogs used for hunting?
A. Because they did not eat other animals.
B. Because they were useful for protection.
C. Because they always obeyed their masters.
20. What is the most important reason for people in the city to keep dogs now?
A. For companionship.
B. For amusement.
C. For protection against robbery.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Brought to you by the Audio Publishers Association (APA) and created by industry experts, this easy-to-use new website provides valuable and practical resources. They help teachers and parents discover the power of audiobooks for use in learning programs. See for yourself how sound learning can promote literacy for children of all ages.
Visit www.SoundLearningAPA.org to explore the lesson plans, watch the videos, and encourage sound learning today.
1. Which of the following group might benefit most from sound learning?
A. School children B. Industry experts
C. Parents of Grade 2 D. Illiterate adults
2. Which of the following is TRUE about sound learning?
A. It can help children understand 76% of the text.
B. It can increase both reading accuracy and speed.
C. It can improve other types of learning by 85%.
D. It can help increase test scores of all subjects.
3. With the website, one will ______________.
A. encounter some technical difficulties
B. have access to many practical resources
C. watch the latest award-winning videos
D. improve literacy in less than two years
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要推荐给读者一个有声学习的网站，这个网站提供很多有价值的有声资源，这给孩子学习带来很多方面的益处。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“They help teachers and parents discover the power of audiobooks for use in learning programs.See for yourself how sound learning can promote literacy for children of all ages.（他们帮助老师和家长在学习项目中发现使用有声读物的力量。你自己来看看有声学习是怎样促进各个年龄段孩子的读写能力的。）”由此可知，有声学习会使学龄儿童受益，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据图片内容“INCREASES READING ACCURACY BY 52%(阅读正确率提升了52%)”以及“INCREASES READING SPEED(提升阅读速度)”，由此可知，有声学习既能提升阅读正确率也能提升阅读速度，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“this easy-to-use new website provides valuable and practical resources.(这个容易使用的新网站提供有价值和实用的资源。)”由此可知，通过这个网站，可以使用很多实用的资源，故选B。
B
If you’ve ever taken a class in drawing, painting or pottery and in spite of your best effort, couldn’t make the final result look anything like the model shown, you may have thought, “I don’t have a creative bone in my body.”
According to some scientists, who for the past 20 years have put the elusive (难以解释的) subject of creativity through the rigors (严谨) of research, you are underestimating yourself. Da Vinci you may never be, but when it comes to creativity, we are all somewhat blessed (享有). It’s learning to encourage this unique tool of extraordinary productivity, and then applying it in everything you do, that counts to tell you from figures like Da Vinci.
“Even if we don’t have the good fortune to discover a new chemical element or write a great story, the love of the creative process for its own sake is available to all,” says Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi in Creativity: Flow and Psychology of Discovery and Invention.
Most people believe the area of creativity has been awarded to those thought to have special talent. We look upon these “creative geniuses,” as we often call them, with great respect and a bit of envy. Their abilities, most people believe, ore bestowed (给予) by good genes, or, as if in Greek mythology (神话), from some kind of divine (天赐的) inspiration.
There is no doubt that the world is never short of highly talented and creative people. They are masters of their trades and stand heads-and-shoulders above commoners, making new pathways for others to follow, and providing greater context and understanding of our world. It could be said that without creativity humanity would not evolve so rapidly.
But like a publicly recognized creative baseball player who improves his skill through years of continuous training, foregoing other pursuits for the only passion, people who show the slightest unwillingness for tough labor may finally find their boasted (自夸的) ability disappear.
After closely studying 91 creative and influential people, including novelists, playwrights, composers, musicians and scientists, Csikszentmihalyi concludes that no one would ignore the sweat they shed (流淌) and their almost crazy willingness to follow their creative efforts to the very end, wherever that may be. These are the very things we all can master, so long as we’d like to.
4. It’s widely believed that creativity comes from ______.
A good training people receive from artistic classes B. the inborn genes or relevant gifts.
C. the tool we learn from masters like Da Vinci D. certain Greek historical textbooks
5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Common people rather than creative ones lead in various professions.
B. People’s admiration of geniuses makes humanity develop quickly.
C. The field of baseball requires more gifts than hard work.
D. The building of creativity lies in devotion and effort.
6. The underlined word foregoing is closest in meaning to ______.
A. giving up B. counting on C. referring to D. turning to
7. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How ordinary people and scientists view things differently.
B. The reasons for the development of various trades and humanity.
C. People’s misunderstanding of creativity and its true nature.
D. Ordinary people’s unwillingness to follow the examples of creative ones.
【答案】4 B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们普遍认为创造力是一种天赋，其实这是一种误解，科学家验证了创造力是与人的辛苦付出分不开的。只要人们愿意付出艰辛努力，创造力是可以掌握的。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Most people believe the area of creativity has been awarded to those thought to have special talent. We look upon these “creative geniuses,” as we often call them, with great respect and a bit of envy. Their abilities, most people believe, ore bestowed (给予) by good genes, or, as if in Greek mythology (神话), from some kind of divine (天赐的) inspiration.(大多数人认为创造力是授予那些被认为有特殊才能的人的。我们对这些我们常称他们为“创造性天才”的人满怀敬意，也带着一点嫉妒。大多数人相信，他们的能力来自良好的基因，或者像希腊神话中一样，来自某种神的启示)”可知，人们普遍认为创造力来自与生俱来的基因或相关的天赋。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“But like a publicly recognized creative baseball player who hones his skill through years of continuous training, foregoing other pursuits for the sole passion, people who show the slightest reluctance for arduous labor are bound to witness their boasted ability disappear.(但是，就像一个公认的有创造力的棒球运动员，通过多年的持续训练来磨练他的技术，放弃了其他的追求，为了唯一的爱好，那些对艰苦的劳动表现出丝毫不情愿的人，必然会看到他们所夸耀的能力消失)”可知，通过多年的持续艰苦训练才会成就有创造力的棒球运动员，而对于没有坚持艰苦付出和努力的人是不会再有所夸耀的“创造力”的。故选D。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。分析可知，划线单词所在短语“foregoing other pursuits for the sole passion”中“the sole passion”应是指前文“But like a publicly recognized creative baseball player who hones his skill through years of continuous training”提及的“baseball”，棒球运动。由此可知，一个有创造力的棒球运动员应是为了棒球运动这一目标而不断努力训练，从而会放弃其他的“爱好”。由此可推知，“foregoing”应是“放弃”含义，与选项A“giving up”含义一致。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知，文章第二段内容“According to some scientists, who for the past 20 years have put the elusive subject of creativity through the rigors of research, you are underrating yourself. Da Vinci you may never be, but when it comes to creativity, we are all somewhat blessed.(根据一些科学家的说法，在过去的20年里，他们把创造力这个难以捉摸的课题通过了严格的研究，你低估了自己。你也许永远不会成为达·芬奇，但说到创意，我们都多少有点福气)”以及最后一段“Csikszentmihalyi concludes that no one would ignore the sweat they shed (流淌) and their almost crazy willingness to follow their creative efforts to the very end, wherever that may be. These are the very things we all can master, so long as we’d like to.(Csikszentmihalyi的结论是，没有人会忽视他们所付出的汗水，以及他们近乎疯狂的意愿，无论他们的创造性努力是在哪里，都要坚持到底。只要我们愿意，这些都是我们可以掌握的)”可知，本文主要是关于人们对创造力的误解及其本质。故选C。
C
Scientists say they have developed a system that uses machine learning to know when and where lightning will strike. Researchers report the system is able to tell that lightning strikes up to 30 minutes before they happen within a 30-kilometer area.
Lightning is a strong burst of electricity in the atmosphere. Since it carries an extremely powerful electrical charge(电荷), it can be destructive and deadly. European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason, climate scientists have long sought to develop methods to predict lightning.
The system tested in the experiments uses a combination of data from weather stations and machine learning methods. The researchers developed a prediction model that was trained to recognize weather conditions that were likely to cause lightning.
The model was created with data collected over a 12-year period from 12 Swiss weather stations in cities and mountain areas. The data, related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed, was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm(算法), which compared it to records of lightning strikes. Researchers say the algorithm was then able to learn the conditions under which lightning happens.
The researchers test-ran the system several times. They found that the system made predictions that proved correct almost 80 percent of the time. “It can now be used anywhere,” the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology said in a statement.
The researchers plan to keep developing the technology in partnership with a European effort that aims to create a lightning protection program. The effort is called the European Laser Lightning Rod project. Scientists working on the project are experimenting with a laser technology that could someday control lightning activity, taking lightning charges from clouds to the ground. They hope that such technology can one day be used as protection against lightning strikes. Possible uses could be at stations, airports or places where large crowds gather.
8. Why was the system developed?
A. To protect people from lightning.
B To show the power of lightning.
C. To keep track of lightning deaths.
D. To meet kids’ curiosity about lightning.
9. What is special about the system?
A. It was based on a number of samples worldwide.
B. It adopted a different machine learning algorithm.
C. It used an effective method of collecting data.
D. It required low cost of predicting lightning.
10. What will the researchers do next with the laser technology?
A. Monitor lightning activity. B. Prevent the occurrence of lightning.
C. Produce electricity with lightning. D. Direct energy from lightning.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A System of Controlling Lightning.
B. A Theory of Explaining Lightning.
C. A Method of Predicting Lightning.
D. A Model of Creating Lightning.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了科学家们开发的一种能预测闪电的系统。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason, climate scientists have long sought to develop methods to predict lightning.(欧洲研究人员估计，全球每年有6000到24000人死于雷击。由于这个原因，气候科学家一直在寻找预测闪电的方法。)”可知，研究人员一直在寻找预测闪电的方法是因为每年都有很多人死于雷击；结合文章最后一段的“They hope that such technology can one day be used as protection against lightning strikes. Possible uses could be at stations, airports or places where large crowds gather. (他们希望这样的技术有一天能被用于防止雷击。可能的用途可能是在车站、机场或大量人群聚集的地方。)”可推知，研究人员开发这一系统的目的在于保护人们免受雷击。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The data, related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed, was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm(算法), which compared it to records of lightning strikes.(这些数据与四种主要地表条件有关：气压、空气温度、相对湿度和风速，这些数据被放入一个独特的机器学习算法中，并与雷击记录进行比较。)”可知，气压、空气温度、相对湿度和风速等数据会放入到一种独特的机器学习算法中，并与雷击记录进行比较。由此可知，系统特殊在采用了一种独特的机器学习算法。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“Scientists working on the project are experimenting with a laser technology that could someday control lightning activity, taking lightning charges from clouds to the ground.(从事该项目的科学家们正在试验一种激光技术，该技术有朝一日可以控制闪电活动，将闪电电荷从云层带到地面。)”可知，科学家们正在研究一种激光技术，这种技术能控制闪电活动，将云层的闪电电荷带到地面上。由此可推知，有了激光技术后，科学家们下一步可能会把目标放在闪电产生的能量上。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读文章可知，文章首段首句“Scientists say they have developed a system that uses machine learning to know when and where lightning will strike.(科学家们表示，他们已经开发出一种使用机器来了解闪电何时何地会发生的系统。)”提出科学家们已经开发出一种用机器来了解闪电会在何时何地发生的系统；第二段介绍了开发该系统的原因；第三、四、五段介绍了该系统的工作原理和研究过程；最后一段介绍了该系统的研究现状。由此可知，本文主要介绍了这种能预测闪电的系统。C项“A Method of Predicting Lightning.”最能概括本文主旨。故选C项。
D
Social media is taking over our lives: Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and now, TikTok. These social media platforms have changed from a way to stay connected to an industry where even kids can make money off their posts. While this may seem like another opportunistic innovation, it’s really full of hidden false realities.
The median income (中位收入) recorded in the United States of American was about $63,000 in 2018. TikTokers can make anywhere from $50,000 to $150,000 for a TikTok brand partnership, and TikTokers with over a million followers can make up to $30,000 a month — $360,000 a year. They are making more than the average person trying to feed their family and keep a roof over their heads simply by posting a 15-second video.
This is mad in more ways than one. Not only is it an overpaid “job”, it promotes undeserved admiration from viewers and a false sense of reality. Many of these famous TikTokers are still teens and the effects of fame at such an early stage in life might cause issues later in life, such as mental illness. Teens between the ages of 13 and 17 make up 27% of TikTok viewers, who can be easily influenced by what they are watching. They can put a false sense of self-value into who they look up to and what they represent: money, fame, being considered conventionally attractive.
While TikTok has become a great tool for marketing, it’s important to understand how this content affects young viewers. If we’re constantly consuming content that shows us all we need to do to be successful is be conventionally attractive and post a 15-second video featuring a new dance, it will challenge our knowledge of what really makes someone successful and will in turn affect our individual work ethnics (伦理). What about the people who miss birthdays and family holidays due to their jobs and aren’t getting paid nearly as much as these TikTokers?
Richard Colyer, president and creator of Metaphor, Inc, had his own view on this issue. “It sounds great that kids can make money for doing the latest dance moves in a 15-second video, but we should feed the minds of kids and not just their bank accounts. TikTok can be great if used properly. Money alone is not good; technology alone is not good and connectedness can be bad if it is only online.”
Again, as a fellow consumer of TikTok, I do enjoy the app when I have some time to kill and need a good laugh. I’m not against someone making a living on entertainment, but what does getting famous off of a 15-second video teach young people?
12. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. Social networking. B. Making money on social media.
C. A job offered by TikTok. D. Staying connected to the Internet.
13. Which is the possible influence of TikTok on its young users?
A. They tend to live an adult life too soon.
B. They are forced to pay for certain services.
C. They are likely to develop false values.
D. They may stop believing other social media.
14. What can we infer from Richard Colyer’s comments?
A. TikTok can be a positive influence if teens make good use of it.
B. Young TikTokers should be banned from making money.
C. It is better to involve education on investment in TikTok videos.
D. Contents of videos need checking before their release online.
15. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. A Job vs An Entertainment
B. Join Young TikTokers
C. Say No to TikTok
D. TikTok — A Mine of Money
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文阐述了社交媒体从单纯的社交软件变为赚钱工具的现象，并呼吁青少年用户群体正确使用社交媒体和树立正确的价值观。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据指代关系和第一段的“These social media platforms have transformed from a way to stay connected to an industry where even kids can make money off their posts. While this may seem like another opportunistic innovation, it’s really full of hidden false realities.”（这些社交媒体平台已经从一种保持联系的方式转变为一个连孩子都能通过发帖赚钱的行业。虽然这看起来像是另一种机会主义创新，但它确实充满了隐藏的非真实现实。）可知，this指代上文中“even kids can make money off their posts”这一现象，即“在社交媒体上赚钱”。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Teens between the ages of 13 and 17 make up 27% of TikTok viewers, who can be easily influenced by what they are watching. They can put a false sense of self-value into who they look up to and what they represent: money, fame, being considered conventionally attractive.”（13至17岁的青少年占TikTok观众的27%，他们很容易受到所看内容的影响。他们会把一种错误的自我价值感放在他们所崇拜的人和他们所代表的东西上：金钱、名誉、被认为具有传统吸引力。）可知，孩子们很容易被观看的内容影响，他们可能会建立错误的自我价值观念，追求传统意义上更加吸引人的金钱和名誉，即年轻的用户可能会树立不正确的价值观。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段Richard Colyer的话“TikTok can be great if used properly.”（如果使用恰当的话，抖音可能会是很棒的）推知，在Richard Colyer看来，如果使用恰当的话，抖音可能会对青少年有好的影响。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文并结合最后一段“Again, as a fellow consumer of TikTok, I do enjoy the app when I have some time to kill and need a good laugh. I’m not against someone making a living on entertainment, but what does getting famous off of a 15-second video teach young people?”（而且，作为它的消费者，当我有时间消磨，需要大笑的时候，我的确喜欢这个软件。我并不反对某人靠娱乐谋生，但是一个15秒的视频教年轻人什么能出名呢？）可知，本文是观点对峙类议论文。文章主要阐述了社交媒体从单纯的社交软件变为赚钱工具的现象，并且很多用户的收入远高于普通人。作者认为抖音应被当作娱乐方式，而不是人们赚钱的工具，因为短短的15秒视频并不能教给青少年太多有价值的东西。因此推断A项“工作还是娱乐”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。
第二节 七选五(共5题;每小题2.5分，滿分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sometimes we turn to others for advice on major career decisions. But they may direct us in the wrong direction.
Why does so much career advice end up being misguided? The problem may start with who we turn to for advice. ___16___ I have watched many students rely on their parents and grandparents for guidance,forgetting that they were raised in an age when it was common to spend an entire career in one organization.
___17___It’s uncertain that they will know what’s right for us. Advisors often focus too heavily on their personal preferences and experiences rather than take our perspective(视角).
At some point, you have probably noticed that you are wiser when giving advice to others than you are in making decisions for yourself. You are not alone. ___18___The lesson here is that one of the most effective ways to get better advice is to give it. Sure enough researchers find that our reasoning becomes wiser when we think about our problems from a third person prospective.
Advising others helps us make better decisions. And it also leaves us more motivated(有动力的) to follow through. In one experiment, it was expected that people were more motivated when receiving than giving advice. ___19___ It was people who gave advice who become more motivated.
If you want to get better career advice, you can start by reflecting on what you would tell someone else with a similar question. Listen to the advice you give to others. It’s usually the advice you need to take yourself. ___20___
A. It often happens because we have more distance from other people’s problems than our own.
B. But the opposite was true.
C. However, sometimes we make decisions depending on ourselves.
D. We often listen to the wrong sources.
E. And it might be the best way to motivate yourself, too.
F. But it was easier said than done.
G. What about going to people who are qualified to give advice?
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. A 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在重大职业决定上向他人寻求建议可能会把我们引向错误的方向并分析了原因，指出获得更好的职业建议的方法是倾听你给别人的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Why does so much career advice end up being misguided? The problem may start with who we turn to for advice. (为什么这么多的职业建议最终都被误导了呢?问题可能从我们向谁征求意见开始。)”，可知该空前面提到职业建议误导的原因，问题可能始于我们向谁寻求建议，这也许就是错误的来源，谁与后文的grandparents and parents都是sources的具体所指。因此选项D“我们经常听错误的来源。”符合题意。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Advisors often focus too heavily on their personal preferences and experiences rather than take our perspective(视角). (咨询顾问们往往过于关注他们的个人喜好和经历，而不是我们的观点。)”，该空是该段的起始句，空白处后面的意思是他们不知道什么对我们来说是正确的，建议者过于关注他们的琐事和经验，而不是从我们的角度考虑，可以推测空白处是询问向专业的职业选择建议者咨询怎么样，与上文向我们的亲人寻求建议形成对照。因此选项G“去找那些有资格提供建议的人怎么样?”符合题意。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文“At some point, you have probably noticed that you are wiser when giving advice to others than you are in making decisions for yourself. You are not alone. (在某种程度上，你可能已经注意到，给别人建议比自己做决定更明智。并不只是你。)”，空白处的前面写到你在给别人提建议时比自己做决定更重要，You are not alone对应A项的It often happens，对别人的问题比自己的问题有更远的距离对应前面的话。因此选项A“它经常发生，因为我们与别人的问题的距离比我们自己的问题的距离要远。”符合题意。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“ In one experiment, it was expected that people were more motivated when receiving than giving advice. (在一项实验中，人们在收到建议时比给予建议时更有动力。)”和下文“ It was people who gave advice who become more motivated. (提出建议的人会变得更有动力。)”，空白处前后形成一个对比，前面是人们当在收到建议比给予建议更有动力，后面是给予建议的人更有动力，前后对比，对应B项的转折词But 和the opposite。因此选项B“但事实正好相反。”符合题意。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Listen to the advice you give to others. It’s usually the advice you need to take yourself. (倾听你给别人的建议。这通常是你自己需要接受的建议。)”，空白处是该段的最后一句，对前文进行总结或者进一步阐述，前文意思是如果想得到更好的更大胆的建议，思考用类似的问题询问别人，倾听你给别人的建议，这通常是你要采纳的建议，and对比进一步阐述，结合上一段，这也许也是激励自己的最好方法。因此选项E“这也可能是激励你自己的最好方法。”符合题意。故选E。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分70分)
第一节 完型填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I grew up in a house where my mother did not trust my sisters and me to manage our own appearance. As a result, there were ____21____, and fashion was largely ignored.
However, two years ago, I was home for a visit when my mom, in her early 70s, called me into her bedroom. “I don’t know what to wear”, she ____22____. “You girls always look so good.”
I looked at her, wondering if I’d ____23____. “What do you mean?” I asked her, “You know what to wear.”
“No, I don’t.” She answered. “Can you pick something for me?” She repeated the question again. I was so ____24____ and couldn’t believe my ears.
This was the same woman who had told my younger sister she wasn’t allowed to wear a pair of ripped(有破洞的)jeans; the same woman who, in high school, called me while I was out at a party to ask if my hair was up. “Don’t do that, because you look ____25____ with your hair down.” she told me, before I could ____26____.
Suddenly, I realized that my mother—always so strong—not only wanted my ____27____, but needed it.
I pulled a pair of blue jeans from the closet. “This ____28____ your black shoes perfectly,” I told her. She did. My mother certainly doesn’t need anyone to take care of her. In fact, she still ____29____ my grandmother who lives with her. But with that _____30_____, my mother and I started the role exchange reversal(转变)that happens with all parents and all children, from caregiver to _____31_____.
Now, if I’m visiting or we’re together, it’s _____32_____ for her to wear anything without asking me for advice first. I’m still always a bit surprised by the admission(承认)of her _____33_____. But every so often, it seems like she asks me just to be able to _____34_____ my answer and pick out something on her own instead. And _____35_____ she does, I just tell her what I think of the way she looks. Sometimes it’s “great”. And sometimes it’s “awful”.
21. A. praises B. comments C. plans D. rules
22. A. concentrated B. complained C. argued D. advised
23. A. checked B. escaped C. misunderstood D. wandered
24. A. surprised B. disappointed C. amazed D. awkward
25. A. worse B. tougher C. slimmer D. better
26. A. stop B. smile C. answer D. leave
27. A. concern B. opinion C. company D. support
28. A. fits B. equals C. matches D. suits
29. A. looks after B. relies on C. stands by D. cares about
30. A. saying B. call C. order D. question
31. A. leader B. receiver C. reminder D. onlooker
32. A. rare B. possible C. likely D. insecure
33. A. anxiety B. inflexibility C. impatience D. uncertainty
34. A. wait for B. agree with C. disagree with D. stick to
35. A. before B. when C. unless D. since
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了曾经不相信作者和姊妹们能自己打理好外表的母亲，如今开始就穿着征求作者的意见，这让作者感到惊讶，也意识到自己和妈妈的角色发生了转换，母亲从看护者变成了接受看护的人。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，有了规则，时尚在很大程度上被忽视了。A. praises赞扬；B. comments评论；C. plans计划；D. rules规则。根据上文“I was raised in a house where my mother did not trust my sisters and me to manage our own appearance.”可知，此处指家里的规则，即作者和姐妹们的穿着由妈妈说了算。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我不知道穿什么好，”她坐在沙发上抱怨。A. concentrated集中；B. complained抱怨；C. argued争论；D. advised建议。根据上文“I don’t know what to wear”可知，母亲抱怨没有适合的衣服穿。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着她，想知道我是否理解错了。A. checked检查；B. escaped逃跑；C. misunderstood误解；D. wandered徘徊。根据下文““What do you mean？” I asked her. “You know what to wear.””可知，作者对母亲的话表示惊讶，怀疑自己理解错了。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是如此的惊讶，并且不敢相信我的耳朵。A. surprised惊讶的；B. disappointed失望的；C. amazed吃惊的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据下文“couldn’t believe my ears”可知，作者很惊讶。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“别那样做，因为你留着头发看起来更好。”我还没来得及回答，她就告诉我。A. worse更坏的；B. tougher更艰苦的；C. slimmer更苗条的；D. better更好的。根据上文“Don’t do that”可知，母亲觉得作者的女性朋友把头发放下来更好看。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意见第5题详解。A. stop停止；B. smile微笑；C. answer回答；D. leave离开。根据上文“ask if my hair was up”可知，此处是作者还来不及回答这个问题，她的母亲便抢先发表的观点。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，我意识到母亲总是那么坚强，不仅想要我意见，而且需要它。A. concern关心；B. opinion观点，意见；C. company陪伴；D. support支持。根据上文“Can you pick something？”可知，母亲想知道作者的意见。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这和你的黑鞋很配，”我告诉她。A. fits合身；B. equals平等；C. matches匹配；D. suits适合。根据下文“your black shoes perfectly”可知，这里指裤子和黑鞋子匹配，应用match。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：事实上，她仍然照顾着和她住在一起的奶奶。A. looks after照料；B. relies on依靠；C. stands by支持；D. cares about关心。根据下文“my grandmother who lives with her”可知，母亲还在照料祖母。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有了这个问题，我和母亲开始了角色互换，这发生在所有父母和所有孩子身上，从照顾者到接受者。A. saying谚语；B. call电话；C. order订单；D. question问题。根据上文“Can you pick something for me?”可知母亲实际上不需要任何人照顾，但还是会就穿着询问作者的意见，所以作者带着这个问题，和妈妈开始了所有父母和孩子的角色转换。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意见第10题详解。A. leader领导；B. receiver接受者；C. reminder提醒者；D. onlooker旁观者。根据上文“my mother and I started the role reversal”可知，作者和母亲的角色发生了转换，母亲由看护作者的人，变成了接受作者意见的人。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，如果我来访或我们在一起，她很少穿任何衣服而不先征求我的意见。A. rare稀有的；B. possible可能的；C. likely可能的；D. insecure不安全的。根据下文“for her to wear anything without checking with me first”可知，母亲现在很少不先征得作者的同意就穿戴任何东西。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然对承认她的不确定性感到有点惊讶。A. anxiety焦虑；B. inflexibility顽固；C. impatience无耐心；D. uncertainty不确定。根据上文“it’s 12 for her to wear anything without checking with me fist.”可知，作者对母亲常常就自己如何穿戴询问作者的意见，由此可知，她对自己的穿着不确定。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但偶尔，她问我似乎只是为了不同意我的意见，而是自己挑一些东西。A. wait for等待；B. agree with赞成；C. disagree with不同意；D. stick to坚持。根据下文“pick out something on her own”可知，母亲有时不同意作者的意见，自己挑衣服穿。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当她这么做的时候，我就告诉她我觉得她看起来怎么样。A. before在……之前；B. when当……时候；C. unless除非；D. since自从。根据下文“she does, I just tell her what I think of the way she looks”可知，这里指当作者的妈妈这么做的时候，空格处需要连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”的意思，应用when。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There have been a lot of ____36____ (argue) about the junk (垃圾) that pops up in the form of game-related push notices on smartphones where their kids play video games. In fact, that happens because app developers take advantage of algorithms (演算法) to get more hits and reading counts, ____37____ they believe increase their data flow and trick users to visit their pages.
However, this kind of “smartness” is bad for users, for the information sent this way is rarely of any educational value and beyond the ____38____ (recognize) of children. Once they get trapped in this “information cocoon (保护罩)”, it isn’t ____39____ (benefit) to their learning process.
To prevent that from happening, market regulators need to ____40____ (strength) management of app algorithms and they could also improve the technology to prevent users from getting addicted to junk information. ____41____ (addition), the laws must ____42____ (make) so that smart phone apps don’t continue helping those advertisers ____43____ target is to make profit by spreading junk. Although increased data flow is meant ____44____ (attract) commercial advertisements, media outlets shouldn’t pursue profit at the cost of youngsters’ mental growth. Finally, children need to be taught how to tell junk from useful information, thus keeping them ____45____ (concentrate) on the right thing.
For that to happen, both schools and parents need to make joint efforts to teach them how to use apps to broaden their knowledge and avoid getting lost in the ocean of useless information.
【答案】36. arguments
37. which 38. recognition
39. beneficial
40. strengthen
41. Additionally
42. be made
43. whose 44. to attract
45. concentrating
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以“孩子在玩电子游戏的智能手机上弹出游戏相关的推送通知”为话题进行说明，开发商这样做是为了增加数据流，但是这样做对于孩子来说弊大于益。为了避免这种形式的“吸流”，市场监管应该加强应用程序算法的管理，制定法律法规防止“垃圾推送”；学校和家长需要共同努力，教他们如何使用应用程序来扩大他们的知识，避免迷失在无用信息的海洋中。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：关于在孩子玩电子游戏的智能手机上以游戏相关推送通知的形式弹出的垃圾信息，有很多争论。分析句子可知，此空应填名词，argument表“争论”，为可数名词，且a lot of后可数名词应用复数。故填arguments。
【37题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句引导词。句意：事实上，这是因为应用程序开发人员利用算法获得更多点击率和阅读计数，他们认为这增加了数据流，欺骗用户访问他们的页面。分析可知，“ 2 they believe increase their data flow and trick users to visit their pages”为非限制性定语从句，先行词为之前整个句子，在从句中作主语（they believe是插入语），应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，这种“聪明”对用户来说是不好的，因为通过这种方式发送的信息很少有任何教育价值，而且超出了儿童的认知范围。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作介词后宾语，且recognition表“认知，（主观）识别”，为不可数名词。故填recognition。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一旦孩子们被困在这个“信息茧”中，这对他们的学习过程是没有好处的。分析可知，所填空应是形容词作表语。benefit为名词，意为“益处”，其形容词为“beneficial（有益的）”。故填beneficial。
【40题详解】
考查词性转换。句意：为了防止这种情况的发生，市场监管机构需要加强对应用程序算法的管理，他们也可以改进技术，防止用户沉迷于垃圾信息。分析可知，need to do sth.表“需要做某事”，为固定用法，所填空应是动词原形。strength为名词，意为“力量”，其动词形式为strengthen，意为“加强；巩固”。故填strengthen。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：此外，必须制定法律，以防止智能手机应用程序继续帮助那些目标是通过传播垃圾信息来盈利的广告商。分析句子可知，此空应填副词修饰作状语，修饰后面整个句子，且句位于句首时首字母应大写。故填Additionally。
【42题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：此外，必须制定法律，以防止智能手机应用程序继续帮助那些目标是通过传播垃圾信息来盈利的广告商。分析可知，所填空与空前must作复合谓语，动词make意为“制定”，与主语“the laws (法律)”之间为被动关系，应是含有情态动词的被动结构must be done形式。故填be made。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句引导词。句意：此外，必须制定法律，以防止智能手机应用程序继续帮助那些目标是通过传播垃圾信息来盈利的广告商。分析可知，“ 8 target is to make profit by spreading junk”为非限制性定语从句，先行词those advertisers (那些广告商)在从句中作定语，与空后“target (目标；目的)”之间为所属关系，所以应用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：虽然增加的数据流旨在吸引商业广告，媒体不应该以牺牲青少年的心理成长为代价来追求利润。分析可知，be meant to do表“目的是；旨在”，为固定搭配。故填to attract。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：最后，需要教孩子们如何区分有用信息和垃圾信息，从而使他们集中精力在正确的事情上。keep sb. doing意为“让某人一直做某事；让某人持续做某事”，为固定搭配，doing为现在分词作宾语补足语。故填concentrating。
第三节 翻译句子(共8题;每题5分，满分40分)
阅读下面各句，将汉语部分翻译成英文(首选必修一教材中U3、U4的表达方式)。
46. (在我看来，我们不能依赖类似博客的社交媒体来交流，因为它已经损害了我们和朋友之间的关系。)
________________ . Despite the fact that these modern tools keep us connected, ________________. (它们正在逐渐破坏友谊的真正含义，阻止了朋友们亲自见面。) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. In my opinion, we can’t rely on social media like blogs to communicate, because it has damaged our relationship with friends. ②. they are gradually destroying the true meaning of friendship and preventing friends from meeting in person.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，动词，代词，形容词，副词，介词，连词，短语和时态。句意：在我看来，我们不能依赖类似博客的社交媒体来交流，因为它已经损害了我们和朋友之间的关系。尽管这些现代工具让我们保持联系，它们正在逐渐破坏友谊的真正含义，阻止了朋友们亲自见面。表示“在我看来”应用介词短语in my opinion；表示“依赖”应用动词短语rely on；表示“社交媒体”应用名词短语social media；表示“交流”应用动词communicate；表示“因为”应用连词because；表示“损害”应用动词damage；表示“和朋友的关系”应用relationship with friends；表示“逐渐”应用副词gradually；表示“破坏”应用动词destroy；表示“阻止某人做某事”应用动词短语prevent sb. from doing sth.；表示“见面”应用动词meet；表示“亲自”应用介词短语in person；分析句子结构和意思可知，because引导的原因状语从句要用现在完成时，表达“已经损害了”；第二空句子谓语要用现在进行时，表达“正在破坏”的意思。故答案为In my opinion, we can’t rely on social media like blogs to communicate, because it has damaged our relationship with friends；they are gradually destroying the true meaning of friendship and preventing friends from meeting in person。
47. (起初，我们几乎形影不离)________________, whether we were walking to school or hanging out at the weekend. ________________. (但是现在我们的友谊出现了危机，对于接下来做什么我茫然不知所措)(根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. At first, we’re hardly out of each other’s sight ②. But now that our friendship is on the rocks, I don’t know what to do next
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：起初，我们几乎形影不离。无论我们是步行去上学还是周末出去玩。但是现在我们的友谊出现了危机，对于接下来做什么我茫然不知所措。第一空，根据句意“起初”可知，短语为at first；表示“我们几乎形影不离”翻译为we’re hardly out of each other’s sight，为一般现在时；第二空，表示“但是现在我们的友谊出现了危机”翻译为But now that our friendship is on the rocks；表示“对于接下来做什么我茫然不知所措”翻译为I don’t know what to do next，为一般现在时。故填①At first, we’re hardly out of each other’s sight；②But now that our friendship is on the rocks, I don’t know what to do next。
48. 如果Amy确实知道自己有错，却没有向你道歉，让你独自收拾残局，那么是时候考虑是否要放手你们的友谊了。(汉译英)
【答案】If Amy does know she was in the wrong but hasn’t apologized and left you to pick up the pieces, then it’s time to consider consider whether to let go of your friendship.
【解析】
【详解】考查从句，短语和时态。“如果Amy确实知道自己有错，却没有向你道歉，让你独自收拾残局”处理为if引导的条件状语从句，“知道”是know，因陈述现在的情况，故在该词前加上助动词does表强调；“自己有错，却没有向你道歉，让你独自收拾残局”处理为know后的宾语从句，从句成分和意义都完整，用that引导，可省；“有错”是be in the wrong，发生在过去，用一般过去时；“道歉”是apologize，“留下某人做某事”是leave sb. to do sth.，强调过去动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，“收拾残局”是pick up the piece；“那么是时候考虑是否要放手你们的友谊了”是主句，陈述现在的事实，用一般现在时，“是时候做某事”为it’s time to do sth.，“考虑”是consider，“放手”是let go of，“是否放手”可处理为特殊疑问词+不定式结构作宾语，即whether to let go of。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为If Amy does know she was in the wrong but hasn’t apologized and left you to pick up the pieces, then it’s time to consider consider whether to let go of your friendship.
49. 健康专家担忧快速减肥的副作用。他们强烈建议青少年作息规律，多参加运动来保持精力旺盛和身体健康，因为好好生活是最健康、最有效的减肥方式。(汉译英)
【答案】Health experts worry about the side effects of fast weight loss. They strongly suggest that teenagers should work and rest regularly and take more exercise to keep energetic and healthy, because living a good life is the most healthy and effective way to lose weight.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词、时态和宾语从句。根据中文提示可知，这里时态应用一般现在时。表示“健康专家担忧快速减肥的副作用”应用句子Health experts worry about the side effects of fast weight loss.其中 side effects 表“副作用”；表示“他们强烈建议青少年作息规律，多参加运动来保持精力旺盛和身体健康”应用句子They strongly suggest that teenagers should work and rest regularly and take more exercise to keep energetic and healthy，其中suggest后从句使用虚拟语气；表示“因为好好生活是最健康、最有效的减肥方式”应用句子because living a good life is the most healthy and effective way to lose weight，其中because在这里引导原因状语从句。故翻译为Health experts worry about the side effects of fast weight loss. They strongly suggest that teenagers should work and rest regularly and take more exercise to keep energetic and healthy, because living a good life is the most healthy and effective way to lose weight.
50. 排除一切困难后，我们已经建成了新操场，它是用来让学生最大限度地锻炼身体的。现在，学校里呈现出一派新气象。 (汉译英)
【答案】After overcoming all the difficulties, we have built the new playground, which is designed to let the students exercise to the maximum. Now there is a new atmosphere in the school.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词、定语从句、固定短语、动词时态语态等。表示“排除一切困难”可用短语overcome all the difficulties；表示“建成新操场”可用短语build a new playground；表示“用来做某事”可用短语be designed to；表示“让学生最大限度地锻炼身体”可用let students exercise to the maximum；表示“学校呈现出一派新气象”可用there is a new atmosphere in the school。整句译为“After overcoming all the difficulties, we have built the new playground, which is designed to let the students exercise to the maximum. Now there is a new atmosphere in the school.”此处after overcoming all the difficulties在句中作状语，动词overcome与逻辑主语we之间为主动关系，故用现在分词；结合句意可知，动词build的动作已经完成，并且对现在产生影响，故用现在完成时have built；which引导的非限制性定语从句则修饰前面的playground。故翻译为After overcoming all the difficulties, we have built the new playground, which is designed to let the students exercise to the maximum. Now there is a new atmosphere in the school.。
51. 那些诉诸于极端方法来减肥的青少年更有可能在课堂上昏迷，因为他们饮食不均衡、摄入的营养太少。(汉译英)
【答案】Teenagers who resort to extreme measures to lose weight are more likely to pass out in class because they are not eating a balanced diet with too few nutrients.
【解析】
【详解】考查原因状语从句、定语从句和时态。表示“青少年”为名词teenagers，在句中作主语，表示“那些诉诸于极端方法来减肥的青少年”为定语从句，先行词为teenagers，且在从句中作指人的主语，故为Teenagers who resort to extreme measures to lose weight；表示“更有可能”为be more likely to do sth，在句中充当谓语，叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为teenagers，根据主谓一致，故表示“那些诉诸于极端方法来减肥的青少年更有可能在课堂上昏迷”为Teenagers who resort to extreme measures to lose weight are more likely to pass out in class；表示“原因”为because，表示“饮食均衡”为 a balanced diet，表示“摄入的营养太少”为介词短语with too few nutrients，修饰名词diet，故表示“因为他们饮食不均衡、摄入的营养太少”为because引导的原因状语从句，表示目前经常发生的状况，且带有一定的不满情绪，应用现在进行时。故翻译为Teenagers who resort to extreme measures to lose weight are more likely to pass out in class because they are not eating a balanced diet with too few nutrients.
52. 古语说得好，“不要以貌取人”。对青少年来说，防备关于外貌的负面想法很重要。如果他们盲目遵从流行的审美标准，最终会打一场无望取胜的仗。(汉译英)
【答案】As the old saying goes, “Don’t judge a person by his appearance”. It is important for teenagers to guard against negative thoughts about appearance. If they blindly follow the popular aesthetic standards, they will eventually fight a losing battle.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、固定句型和条件状语从句。讲述现在的一般事实，时态用一般现在时，as the old saying goes (正如老话所说)，谚语Don’t judge a person by his appearance (不要以貌取人)，it is +adj. for sb. to do sth.，guard against (提防)，negative thoughts about appearance (关于外貌的负面想法)，If引导条件状语从句（主将从现），副词blindly (盲目地)作状语修饰从句谓语动词follow (遵从)，aesthetic standards (审美标准)，fight a losing battle (打一场无望取胜的仗)，再结合其它汉语提示，故翻译为：As the old saying goes, “Don’t judge a person by his appearance”. It is important for teenagers to guard against negative thoughts about appearance. If they blindly follow the popular aesthetic standards, they will eventually fight a losing battle.
53. 一些父母总以孩子的成绩为自豪，在别人面前炫耀。可是，一旦孩子不能达到他们父母的期待，孩子就会感到很有压力。(汉译英)
【答案】Some parents are always proud of their children’s achievements and show off in front of others. However, once children fail to meet their parents’ expectations, they will feel very stressed.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和条件状语从句。讲述现在一般事实，时态用一般现在时，be proud of (以……为自豪)，show off (炫耀)，in front of (再……面前)，once引导条件状语从句（主将从现），fail to do sth. (未能做某事)， meet their parents’ expectations (达到他们父母的期待)，feel very stressed (感到很有压力)，再结合其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Some parents are always proud of their children’s achievements and show off in front of others. However, once children fail to meet their parents’ expectations, they will feel very stressed.
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