2022-2023学年江苏省无锡市第三高级中学高一上学期期中试卷英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省无锡市第三高级中学高一上学期期中试卷英语试题（解析版），共24页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B， Wh is Fina?等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年第一学期高一英语期中试卷
第一卷(共95分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How much was the TV sell?
A. $60. B. $120. C. $90.
2. What does the man mean?
A. Tom was talking with the postman.
B. Tom was running around the corner.
C. Tom was helping the postman with his work.
3. What does the man want to do?
A. Buy a fan. B. Use electricity. C. Cool himself down.
4. Why did the boss criticize Joseph?
A. He was late for work. B. He quarreled with the man speaker. C. He criticized the man speaker too seriously.
5. Who is Fiona?
A. The woman speaker. B. Thompson’s sister. C. Daisy’s sister
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6. What was the weather like last week?
A. Too warm. B. Nice and sunny. C. Neither hot nor cold.
7. What season is it now?
A. Summer. B. Winter. C. Autumn.
8. What does the man think the weather will be like this weekend?
A. He thinks it’ll rain. B. He thinks it’ll be cloudy. C. He doesn’t think it’ll rain.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9. What can we know about the singing group?
A. It’s made up of 15 girls.
B. It practices once every other week.
C. Every member comes on time for each practice.
10. What is the singing group doing these days?
A. Writing a new song. B. Practicing eight songs. C. Practicing for a school show.
11. What can we know about the new song?
A. Its name is Sundays. B. It’s written by a famous musician. C. It’s written by a singer of the group.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12. What is the father reading at the beginning of the conversation?
A. A novel. B. A newspaper. C. A magazine.
13. What kind of book does the girl want to read?
A. A book on dolls. B. A book about animals. C. A book about candy and cookies.
14. What does the girl’s teacher say about reading?
A. The girl should read books every day.
B. The girl can borrow books from the library.
C. The girl should read at least ten books a night.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. Where are they planning to go in the morning?
A. To a zoo. B. To an art museum. C. To the seashore.
16. Why does the woman want to go shopping Instead?
A. To buy some clothes. B. To meet her friend there. C. To buy a gift for her friend.
17. What are they talking about?
A. A city guide. B. A shopping center. C. A travel plan.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. How you decide what to buy in a supermarket.
B. How a supermarket makes people spend more.
C. Who decides how much to spend in a supermarket.
19. Why does the food that everybody must buy spread all over the store?
A. To provide a good service.
B. To lead customers to all sections of the store.
C. To make it easy for customers to locate the food.
20. How much do people spend after they have been in a store for 30 minutes?
A. 1,500 cents in total. B. 40 cents each minute. C. Five dollars each minute.
第二部分 阅读理解50分(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题，每题2.5分，满分37.5分)
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
WELCOME
Welcome to Windsor Castle, the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world. Windsor is one of the official residences (住所) of the Queen, who sometimes stays here.
Audio tours
Free audio tours are available (可用的) on leaving the Admission Centre at the start of your visit. There is a descriptive audio tour for blind and poor-sighted visitors.
Guided tours
Visitors can explore the history of the Castle through a tour of the Precincts with an expert guide. Tours depart at regular intervals (间隙) throughout the day from the Courtyard and finish at the entrance to the State Apartments.
Visitors with children
For those visiting with children, a special family tour and various activities are offered during school holidays and at weekends. Please note permits in the State Apartments. However, baby carriers are available to borrow.
St George’s Chapel
Visitors arriving at the Castle after 15:00 from March to October are advised to visit St George’s Chapel first before it closes.
Shopping
Shops offer a wide range of souvenirs designed for the Royal Collection, including books, postcards, china, jewellery, and children’s toys. Please ask at the Middle Ward shop about our home delivery service.
Refreshments (食物和饮料)
Bottled water can be purchased from the Courtyard and Middle Ward shops. From April to September ice cream is also available, Visitors wishing to leave the Castle for refreshments in the town may get re-entry permits from the castle shops. Eating and drinking are not permitted in the State Apartments or St George’s Chapel.
Photography and mobile phones
Non-commercial photography and filming are welcomed in the Castle. Photography, video recording and filming are not permitted inside the State Apartments or St George’s Chapel. Mobile phone must be switched off inside the State Apartments and St George’s Chapel in consideration of other visitors.
Security
As Winter Castle is a working royal palace, visitors and their belongings should get through airport style security checks. For safety and security reasons, a one-way system operates along the visitor route.
1. What is specially offered to visitors with kids?
A. A security guard. B. A baby carrier. C. A free toy. D. A pushchair.
2. Why are visitors required to turn off their mobile phones?
A. To ensure the safety of the Queen. B. To ensure the security of the Castle.
C. To prevent them from disturbing others. D. To prevent the use of the built-in cameras.
3. Where is the passage probably taken from?
A. A story book. B. A dictionary. C. A travel guide. D. A science report.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章讲述参观Winter Castle的一些事项的说明。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Visitors with children中的“However, baby carriers are available to borrow.(不过，你可以借到婴儿背带。)”可知带孩子的游客可以借到婴儿背带。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Photography and mobile phones中的“Mobile phone must be switched off inside the State Apartments and St George’s Chapel in consideration of other visitors.(考虑到其他游客，国家公寓和圣乔治教堂内的手机必须关闭。)”可知关掉手机是怕影响其他游客，故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述参观Winter Castle的一些事项的说明，所以这篇文章最有可能摘自旅游指南，故选C。
B
Physical education, or PE, isn’t required for all high school students. In some schools, it isn’t offered for some different reasons. But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly “yes”.
Today many people don’t do sports. But as is known to all. doing sports is very important for an adult. Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.
High school isn’t that easy. Many students are under a lot of stress. Stress can be harmful to a student’s studies and life. Doing sports can help them deal with stress better, helping them live a happier life at school.
The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity (肥胖). Teens should get 60 minutes of physical activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get stronger. The increase in activities that don’t get teens to move around such as computer games, means many teens don’t get their required exercise. PE classes act as a public health measure (措施) to encourage physical activities and help teens have healthy weights.
Not doing sports increases teens’ hazard of developing many diseases. An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes toward treating medical conditions that can be prevented by lifestyle changes, according to the American College of Sports Medicine.
According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activities each week improved their academic (学业的) performance. Students from programs with no physical activity, who used the extra time for classroom study, did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education.
4. According to Paragraph 2, what does physical education in high school mean?
A. Making teens attach importance to ęxercise later.
B. Removing the stress faced by teens at school.
C. Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise.
D. Helping teens learn to make good plans
5. What does the underlined word “hazard” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Happiness. B. Risk. C. Safety. D. Sadness.
6. According to the PCFSN, doing sport .
A. means making students choose between sports and studies
B. helps students make good use of all their time
C. means students adjust to their studies better
D. helps students do better in their studies
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. Why high school students should receive physical education.
B. Why some schools consider physical education important.
C. How schools can help students love doing sports.
D. How high school students can live a better life.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了为什么高中生应该接受体育教育。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.(现在教导青少年健康生活方式的重要性，制定健身计划，可以帮助青少年成年后，把锻炼放在首位)”可知，根据第二段，高中体育教育意味着让青少年重视以后的锻炼。故选A。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems.(积极的生活方式是预防这些健康问题的好方法)”可知，如果不运动会增加青少年患多种疾病的风险。因此hazard意思是：危险，风险。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Students from programs with no physical activity, who used the extra time for classroom study, did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education.（不参加体育活动的学生，把额外的时间用于课堂学习，在考试中的表现并不比那些为了支持体育而放弃一些学习时间的学生好。）”可推断出，PCFSN认为，做运动帮助学生在学习上做得更好。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段“But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly “yes”.（但是中学生应该接受体育教育吗?答案当然是肯定的）”是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了为什么高中生应该接受体育教育。故选A。
C
It seems as if social media platforms have taken over our lives. According to a study, there were over 3.6 billion social media users in 2021. And that number is only expected to grow.
Although social media platforms have helped to keep friends and family connected, there is also a dark side to social media. To put it simply, it is a money making machine. This is partially because of social media influencers. A social media influencer is someone “who can shape audience’s attitudes through blogs, tweets, and the use of other social media”. You may be asking yourself, “Why would they want to do this, though?” The answer is simple: to make money. Social media influencers make money by promoting brands among their followers. In fact, influencer marketing is so profitable that the study reported that the industry is expected to reach $15 billion in value in 2022.
Social media influencers are now being called out because some of their actions have started to negatively impact the environment. One man in particular, who goes by Steve to remain anonymous (匿名的), noticed that some online influencers failed to follow rules when they went to national parks or public places. This included things like leaving garbage behind, or using drones (无人机) to take pictures from the sky.
Because of this, Steve made it his mission to stop social media influencers from hurting the environment with their bad behavior in order to get the “perfect shot”. In 2018, he made the account “Public Lands Hate You” to name and shame influencers who failed to follow the rules made to protect the environment. The account now has over 85 thousand followers.
He hoped that it could help some influencers find the light and right their wrongs. Steve said, “If everybody thought just a little bit more about their small actions and the impact those actions have on the environment and the people around them, I think that a lot of our bigger problems would be much more easily solved.”
8. What feature of social media influencers is mainly shown in paragraph 2?
A. Good communication. B. Chasing profits.
C. Creative shows. D. Volunteering service.
9. How does the writer present his idea in paragraph 3?
A. By giving examples. B. By offering data.
C By making comparisons. D. By explaining reasons.
10. Why was “Public Lands Hate You” made?
A. To win wide attention and attract more fans.
B. To get the influencers aware of their wrong deeds.
C. To make public places inaccessible to influencers.
D. To inform the influencers of the places for perfect shots.
11. What is implied from Steve’s words in the last paragraph?
A. Well begun is half done. B. Practice makes perfect.
C. Every bit of effort counts. D. Actions speak louder than words.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了社交媒体的阴暗面。社交媒体影响者通过在粉丝中推广品牌来赚钱。社交媒体上的影响者现在被点名，因为他们的一些行为已经开始对环境产生负面影响。一位化名史蒂夫(Steve)的匿名人士在2018年，他创建了一个名为“公共土地恨你”的账号，点名批评那些不遵守环境保护规则的网红。他希望这能帮助一些有影响力的人找到光明，纠正他们的错误。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Social media influencers make money by promoting brands among their followers. In fact, influencer marketing is so profitable that the study reported that the industry is expected to reach $15 billion in value in 2022.”（虽然社交媒体平台有助于保持朋友和家人之间的联系，但社交媒体也有其阴暗面。简单地说，它是一个赚钱的机器。这部分是因为社交媒体上的影响者。社交媒体影响者是指“可以通过博客、推特和其他社交媒体的使用来影响受众态度的人”。你可能会问自己:“他们为什么要这么做呢?”答案很简单:赚钱。社交媒体影响者通过在粉丝中推广品牌来赚钱。事实上，影响者营销非常有利可图，该研究报告称，该行业的价值有望在2022年达到150亿美元。）可知，第二段主要展示了社交媒体影响者追逐利润的特点。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Social media influencers are now being called out because some of their actions have started to negatively impact the environment. One man in particular, who goes by Steve to remain anonymous(匿名的), noticed that some online influencers failed to follow rules when they went to national parks or public places. This included things like leaving garbage behind, or using drones(无人机) to take pictures from the sky.”（社交媒体上的影响者现在被点名，因为他们的一些行为已经开始对环境产生负面影响。尤其是一位化名史蒂夫(Steve)的匿名人士，他注意到一些有影响力的网友在去国家公园或公共场所时不遵守规则。这包括留下垃圾，或使用无人机从空中拍照。）可知，作者在第三段通过举例来提出他的观点。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“In 2018, he made the account ‘Public Lands Hate You’to name and shame influencers who failed to follow the rules made to protect the environment. The account now has over 85 thousand followers.”（2018年，他创建了一个名为“公共土地恨你”的账号，点名批评那些不遵守环境保护规则的网红。这个账号现在有超过8.5万名粉丝。）可知，写“公共土地恨你”为了让那些有影响力的人意识到他们的错误行为。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“ Steve said, ‘If everybody thought just a little bit more about their small actions and the impact those actions have on the environment and the people around them, I think that a lot of our bigger problems would be much more easily solved.’”（他希望这能帮助一些有影响力的人找到光明，纠正他们的错误。史蒂夫说:“如果每个人都多考虑一下自己的小行为，以及这些行为对环境和周围人的影响，我认为很多更大的问题就会更容易解决。）可知，Steve在最后一段的话中暗示了每一点努力都很重要。故选C。
D
“We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds.... Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I am convinced that humans need to leave Earth.” These are the words of the famous scientist Stephen Hawking, spoken at a science festival in Norway in 2017, a year before his death.
Hawking was not alone in this view. Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize （移民） other planets. That way if an asteroid （小行星）, a terrible disease, nuclear war, or some other disaster strikes Earth, civilization would still have a chance. Mars is one of the ideal destinations. NASA, SpaceX, and Mars One all have plans to send humans there. “Either we spread Earth to other planets, or we risk going extinct,” SpaceX founder Elon Musk said at a conference in 2013.
But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is such a great plan. The most common argument against going is that it’s just too expensive or dangerous. It will take huge amounts of money and other resources just to get people there, let alone set up a place for them to live. It’s not even clear if humans could survive on Mars.
Maybe all the time and money people would pour into a Mars mission would be better spent on more urgent projects here on Earth, like dealing with poverty or climate change. Some experts argue that handling a problem like an asteroid strike or disease outbreak while staying here on Earth would be much easier and less expensive than surviving on a new planet.
In addition, moving to a new planet could harm or destroy anything that already lives there. Human visitors change or damage the Martian environment. Some feel that’s too much of a risk to take.
12. What is Stephen Hawking’s view according to paragraph 1?
A. The earth is likely to blow up.
B. Humans are using up natural resources on Earth.
C. It is necessary to spread out to other planets.
D. We should explore our world to save ourselves.
13. Why are many experts in favor of leaving Earth?
A. Because there will be a nuclear war in the near future.
B. Because human can live better on Mars.
C. Because it is a way for earth civilization to last.
D. Because it is a way to test our space technology.
14. Which of the following may those who are against colonizing Mars agree?
A. It is wiser to deal with problems on Earth.
B. It is easy to stop a disease outbreak.
C. Human will not survive on Mars.
D. It is impossible to set up a place for people to live on Mars.
15. What is the best title of passage?
A. Leaving Earth to Other Planets B. Should We Colonize Mars?
C. New Home on New Planet D. A Mar Mission Is on The Way
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了有些专家认为为了人类和人类文明的延续，人类应该离开地球，移民去其他星球，尤其是去火星。而一些人认为这样的计划不仅昂贵而且危险，甚至还会破会火星的生态。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的““We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds.... Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I am convinced that humans need to leave Earth.” These are the words of the famous scientist Stephen Hawking(“我们即将用尽空间，唯一可以去的地方是其他星球……延伸探索范围可能是自我拯救的唯一方法。我相信，人类需要离开地球”，这是著名的科学家史蒂芬·霍金的话)”可知，霍金认为延伸探索其他星球是必要的。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize other planets. That way, if an asteroid （小行星）, a terrible disease, nuclear war, or some other disaster strikes Earth, civilization would still have a chance. (许多专家认为，人类要想在未来生存下去，唯一的办法就是移民其他行星。用那种方式，如果一颗小行星，一种可怕的疾病，核战争，或其他一些灾难袭击地球，文明仍然有机会。)”可知，许多专家支持离开地球是因为这是地球文明得以延续的一种方式。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Some experts argue that handling a problem like an asteroid strike or disease outbreak while staying here on Earth would be much easier and less expensive than surviving on a new planet.( 一些专家认为，留在地球上处理像小行星撞击或爆发疾病这样的问题要比在新星球上生存要容易得多，也更便宜得多)”可知，反对移民火星的人会同意处理地球上的问题更明智。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段Stephen Hawking的话中“Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. (探索外界可能是拯救我们自身的唯一途径)”，引出话题，我们可能需要去其他星球来拯救我们自己。文章第二段中“Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize other planets. (许多专家认为，人类要想在未来生存下去，唯一的办法就是移民其他行星) ”表明很多专家支持移民火星的计划。文章第三段中“But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is such a great plan. (但并不是每个人都同意，向火星或其他任何行星移民是一个伟大的计划)”，紧接着分析了移民火星的代价和危害，综合可知，整篇文章就是在讲我们要不要移民火星，选项B“Should We Colonize Mars?”我们应该移民火星吗？符合要求，故选B项。
第二节 (七选五)(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“A ship in harbor is safe, but that is not what ships are built for,” said John A. Shedd, an early 20th century author. Throughout’ the Covid-19, we’ve all become used to assessing risk in new ways. We’ve come to understand, though we can never get rid of risk altogether, we have great power to make choices both large and small to protect ourselves.____16____It stops us from stepping outside of our comfort zones and trying new things.
Developmental psychologists talk about “positive risks” — socially acceptable risks that our lives can benefit from.____17____But what about these, who develop into adults? Researchers have found that happiness for older adults is being able to choose how they spend their time, including ways that are adventurous, new and even-like hiking or other outdoor activities — mildly risky.
One guide to positive risk management lists ways that people can make sure their risks are on the “safe" side of risk range. For example, to ensure a successful bike ride, you should in advance equip yourself with a fully-charged cell phone and a full water bottle.____18____ Or if you are, concerned about your physical capacity, consult a certified trainer or medical professional before departure.
____19____This means adapting to changing situations. In response to the deadly virus, people choose to step back into normal life only after they are vaccinated. In this way, people could be confident that the risk is tolerable.
Nobody wants to be needlessly risky. But using our newly-acquired risk assessment tools, we can once again learn and grow in our lives.____20____
A. Take risks in a positive way.
B. But the self- protective mind state carries its own risk.
C. Overall happiness is one benefit of positive risk-taking.
D. Remember to tell one of your friends or family your destination.
E. Besides taking preventive steps, flexible thinking is also encouraged.
F. Like a ship sailing away from its harbor, that is what we were built to do.
G. For teenagers, this means risks like running for monitor or trying out for a team.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. D 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇主要讲述了作者认为尽管要保护自己，但也要进行适当积极冒险，尝试新事物的想法，并给出了积极冒险的定义、措施。
【16题详解】
根据上文““A ship in harbor is safe, but that is not what ships are built for,” said John A. Shedd, an early 20th century author. Throughout’ the Covid-19, we’ve all become used to assessing risk in new ways. We’ve come to understand, though we can never get rid of risk altogether, we have great power to make choices both large and small to protect ourselves.(“停泊在港口的船是安全的，但那不是造船的目的，”20世纪初的作家John A. Shedd说。在整个Covid-19疫情期间，我们都习惯于以新的方式评估风险。我们已经认识到，尽管我们永远无法完全摆脱风险，但我们有强大的能力做出大大小小的选择来保护自己)”以及后文“It stops us from stepping outside of our comfort zones and trying new things. (它阻止我们走出舒适区，尝试新事物)”可知，前面讲述了因为疫情我们都变得习惯用新方式评估风险，我们开始意识到我们有很大的能力进行大大小小的选择来保护自己，而空格后却表明这阻止我们迈出舒适圈和尝试新事物可知，选B才能符合前后的转折，it指代B中的自我保护的心态，但是自我保护的心态也有自己的风险。故B选项“但是自我保护的精神状态也有它自己的风险”符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Developmental psychologists talk about “positive risks” — socially acceptable risks that our lives can benefit from.(发展心理学家谈论“积极风险”——社会可接受的风险，我们的生活可以从中受益)”以及后文“But what about these, who develop into adults? Researchers have found that happiness for older adults is being able to choose how they spend their time, including ways that are adventurous, new and even- like hiking or other outdoor activities — mildly risky.(但是那些成长为成年人的人呢？研究人员发现，老年人的幸福在于能够选择如何度过他们的时间，包括冒险的、新的甚至是风险较小的徒步旅行或其他户外活动)”可知，上文表明发展心理学家讲述了积极风险的定义，空格后却表示但已经长大成人的大人呢。由此可知，所填句子应该是承接前一句讲述青少年（发展心理学本身的主要内容就是儿童期，包括青少年的心理发展），因此选G，对于青少年这意味着像竞选班长、报名参加一个团体这样的风险，this指代前面的positive risks，然后空格后再转折讲述成年人的幸福也包括冒险。故G选项“对青少年来说，这意味着要冒竞选班长或参加团队的风险”符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文“One guide to positive risk management lists ways that people can make sure their risks are on the “safe" side of risk range. For example, to ensure a successful bike ride, you should in advance equip yourself with a fully-charged cell phone and a full water bottle.(一份积极风险管理指南列出了人们可以确保他们的风险处于风险范围的“安全”一侧的方法。例如，为了确保骑行成功，你应该提前准备好一个充满电的手机和一个装满水的水瓶)”可知，此处应该继续描述为了顺利完成自行车骑行而采取的措施，故D选项“记得告诉你的朋友或家人你的目的地”符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据后文“This means adapting to changing situations. In response to the deadly virus, people choose to step back into normal life only after they are vaccinated. In this way, people could be confident that the risk is tolerable.(这意味着要适应不断变化的情况。为了应对这一致命病毒，人们只有在接种疫苗后才选择回到正常生活。这样，人们就可以相信风险是可以承受的)”可知，根据空格后表示这表明适应变化的情形。后面举例表明，面对致死的病毒，人们选择在接种疫苗后回到日常生活可知，这里选E才符合后文，this指代E中的flexible thinking，除了采取预防措施，灵活变通的想法也值得提倡。故E选项“除了采取预防措施外，还鼓励灵活思考”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Nobody wants to be needlessly risky. But using our newly-acquired risk assessment tools, we can once again learn and grow in our lives.(没有人愿意冒不必要的风险。但使用我们新获得的风险评估工具，我们可以再次在生活中学习和成长)”可知，文章开头就用船比喻人，表明尽管在港口的船是安全的，但那不是造船的目的，来鼓励人们进行适当的冒险。在中间讲述了适当冒险的好处，定义和相应措施后，最后一段选F最合适，既符合该段落再次倡导使用新的风险评估工具，也符合前文对积极冒险的倡议，就像离开港口的船一样，我们的人生也该那样（合理冒险）。故F选项“就像一艘驶离港湾的船，这就是我们的使命”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用(50分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Shetara Sims of Missouri has never forgotten the kindness the Kansas City Police showed her after one of her daughters was murdered in 2012. She said the department supported her every ____21____ of the way, sending detectives to check on her family and acting like “doctors, fathers, and lifelines all in one.”
As a single mom, Shetara has been ____22____ hard by the novel coronavirus pandemic. She ____23____ her job and had about $7 to her name when she spotted a single dollar bill in a parking lot one day. She used the dollar to buy a lottery ticket and was ____24____ when she won $100!
Even though the windfall (横财) would help her family, Shetara’s 12-year-old daughter, Rakiya Edmondson, immediately suggested they donate the unexpected ____25____ to the family of a Kansas City cop, Tyler Moss, who had recently been wounded on the job and was in ____26____ condition. Shetara readily agreed.
“With her current ____27____ hardship, we urged her to keep the money,” Kansas City Police Department (KCPD) wrote on Facebook. “She refused, saying the officer’s family needed it, and police needed to know they were ____28____.”
Shetara insisted they take the money, ____29____ the police “floored and incredibly humbled” by her selfless act.
They shared the _____30_____ on social media, and the community’s response was quick and decisive. Hundreds of people _____31_____ the police to find Shetara so they could send her a donation of their own!
“Even when we found her again, she asked, ‘Don’t the officer and his family need it _____32_____?’” KCPD said. They set up a GoFundMe and urged residents to _____33_____, and they definitely delivered! They’ve already raised over $100,000 for the _____34_____ mom!
What a _____35_____ act of kindness! It’s so important to appreciate and honor the goodness we see in the world.
21. A. time B. stage C. step D. day
22. A. hit B. punished C. taught D. informed
23. A. found B. lost C. abandoned D. hunted
24. A. frightened B. ashamed C. delighted D. embarrassed
25. A. favor B. interest C. profit D. income
26. A. critical B. stable C. necessary D. normal
27. A. mental B. physical C. social D. financial
28. A. requested B. needed C. supported D. approved
29. A. helping B. leaving C. forcing D. suggesting
30. A. theme B. plot C. conflict D. story
31. A. invited B. requested C. contacted D. appealed
32. A. more B. most C. eagerly D. worriedly
33. A. collect B. contribute C. raise D. earn
34. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. regretful D. careful
35. A. hardworking B. selfless C. courageous D. brave
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是一位单身母亲把她的彩票奖金捐给了一名受伤的警察，然而她的善良也得到了回报。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说堪萨斯城警察局支持她一路走来，派遣探员去探访她的家人，还承担起医生、父亲的责任，是她一家的生命线。A. time时间；B. stage舞台；C. step步；D. day白日。every step of the way表示“在漫漫长路的每一步”，结合语意，此处指堪萨斯城警察局一直支持谢塔拉·西姆斯一家。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢塔拉是一名单身母亲，她遭受了新冠疫情沉重的打击。A. hit打击；B. punished惩罚；C. taught教；D. informed告知。由“by the novel coronavirus pandemic”可知，应该是新冠疫情沉重地打击了她。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：某天，她丢了工作，身上只有7美元，这时，她在停车场发现了1美元。A. found找到；B. lost失去；C. abandoned抛弃；D. hunted打猎。由上文“Shetara has been ____2____ hard by the novel coronavirus pandemic”提到谢塔拉受到疫情打击以及下文“They’ve already raised over $100,000 for the ____14____ mom!”提到大家为她筹款可以推知，当时谢塔拉处境困难，应该失去了工作。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她用那1美元买了彩票，而后中了100美元，她感到十分欣喜。A. frightened受惊的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. delighted欣喜的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。由“she won $100”可知，她中奖了，所以她当时应该十分欣喜。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这笔横财能够帮到她一家，但是谢塔拉12岁的女儿拉基亚·埃德蒙森随即建议把这笔意外之财捐给堪萨斯城警官泰勒·莫斯，他前不久因公受伤了，现在他病情危急。A. favor帮助；B. interest利益；C. profit利润；D. income收入。unexpected favor是固定用法，意为“意外之财”。由上文可知，谢塔拉是买彩票中了奖，所以这笔钱属于意外之财。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这笔横财能够帮到她一家，但是谢塔拉12岁的女儿拉基亚·埃德蒙森随即建议把这笔意外之财捐给堪萨斯城警官泰勒·莫斯，他前不久因公受伤了，现在他病情危急。A. critical危急的；B. stable稳定的；C. necessary必要的；D. normal正常的。由“wounded on the job”可知，泰勒·莫斯受伤了，且“and”表递进，说明他现在病情告急。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“考虑到她目前的财务状况，我们力求她自己收好这笔钱。”堪萨斯城警局在脸书上这样写道。A. mental智力的；B. physical身体的；C. social社会的；D. financial财务的。由上文“She ____3____ her job”提到她失去了工作以及“we urged her to keep the money”可知，警局希望她自己留这笔钱，说明她的财务状况不容乐观。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拒绝了，她说泰勒警官一家需要这笔钱，而且也希望警察们知道他们有人支持。A. requested要求；B. needed需要；C. supported支持；D. approved同意。结合语意，她坚持把这笔钱给那位警官，是支持警察的表现。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢塔拉坚持让他们收下这笔钱，警察们对她的无私善举感到震惊，为之折服。A. helping帮助；B. leaving使处于；C. forcing迫使；D. suggesting建议。结合语意，此处是指谢塔拉无私的捐献行为使堪萨斯城警察们感到惊讶，为之折服。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们将这个故事分享到社交平台上，这迅速引起社会重要反响。A. theme主题；B. plot情节；C. conflict冲突；D. story故事。结合语意，谢塔拉一家在家境困难的情况下仍然将中奖奖金无私捐赠给因公受伤的警察属于故事，而且是真实故事。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：数百人请求警察找到谢塔拉，这样一来，他们就能向她捐赠了。A. invited邀请；B. requested请求；C. contacted联系；D. appealed呼吁。结合语意，由“the police to find Shetara”可知，此处是指人们请求警察找到谢塔拉。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：堪萨斯城警局称：“甚至在我们再次找到她后，她还问道：‘泰勒警官和他的家人不是更需要捐助吗？’”A. more更，更多；B. most最多；C. eagerly热切地；D. worriedly担忧地。结合语意，谢塔拉的话暗含谢塔拉一家和泰勒警官一家情况的比较，所以此处应用比较级，表示她认为泰勒警官一家比她自己家更需要得到捐助。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们成立了GoFundMe平台，呼吁居民捐款，而他们也确实捐了！A. collect收集；B. contribute捐赠；C. raise筹集；D. earn赚取。由下文“They’ve already raised over $100,000 for the ____14____ mom!”提到大家筹集到了10万多美元可知，GoFundMe平台呼吁居民捐款。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们已经为这位体贴的母亲筹集了逾10万美元。A. grateful感激的；B. thoughtful体贴的；C. regretful后悔的；D. careful小心的。由上文谢塔拉无私捐赠中奖奖金给泰勒警官可知，她是一个体贴的人。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多么无私的善举呀！A. hardworking不辞辛劳的；B. selfless无私的；C. courageous无畏的；D. brave勇敢的。结合上文“Shetara insisted they take the money, ____9____ the police ‘floored and incredibly humbled’ by her selfless act.”提到了谢塔拉的行为是无私的，可知，此处作者赞叹了谢塔拉的行为是善意的、无私的。故选B项。
第二卷(共55分)
第二节 短文语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yesterday, I went to an amazing Chinese art Festival. There were different stands ____36____ artists could demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors! It was definitely ____37____ exciting experience for a foreign student like me.
What ____38____ (catch) my attention first was the 15th-century qinghua bowl in the breathtaking exhibition of Chinese porcelain. It ____39____ (vivid) illustrated a dragon playing with a ball.
Then I tried some paper cutting, that is, making images out of paper. It was difficult, but a lot of fun! With the help of the artist, I managed ____40____ (make) one in the shape of a fish. Meanwhile, a woman at the next stand was using a needle and some thread to do some embroidery. It looked so pretty! Then I went into a section decorated like a ____41____ (tradition) Chinese study, with two beautiful Chinese paintings of a pine tree and some bamboo hung on the walls.
There was also an old man ____42____ (write) Chinese calligraphy, which was so free and elegant! Another man sitting next to him showed me how seal cutting works. Chinese ____43____ (character) are carved into small squares of stone and stamped onto paper with ink. He made one for me with my name ____44____ Chinese—pretty awesome!
I also came away with a beautifully embroidered handkerchief made of soft cotton fabric and a porcelain cup and saucer (茶托) _____45_____ (paint) in wonderful shades of blue.
【答案】36. where
37. an 38. caught
39. vividly
40. to make
41. traditional
42. writing
43. characters
44. in 45. painted
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者在一次中国艺术节上的所见所闻。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：那里有不同的展台，艺术家们可以在那里展示他们的技能并教给参观者! 分析可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词stands，关系词在从句中做地点状语，故填where。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这绝对是一次令人兴奋的经历。分析可知，设空处修饰experience，表示一次具体的经历，应用不定冠词修饰，设空处后exciting以元音音素开头，故填an。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：首先引起我注意的是令人惊叹的中国瓷器展览中那只15世纪的青花碗。设空处为从句谓语，根据主句时态可知为一般过去时，故填caught。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：它生动地描绘了一条龙在玩球。设空处修饰动词illustrated，应用副词作状语，故填vividly。
【40题详解】
考查不定式。句意：在艺术家的帮助下，我成功地做了一个鱼的形状。短语manage to do，意为“设法做成某事”，符合句意，故填to make。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然后我走进一个装饰得像中国传统书斋的地方，墙上挂着两幅美丽的中国画，画的是一棵松树和一些竹子。设空处修饰名词，应用形容词作定语，故填traditional。
【42题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：还有一位老人在写中国书法，写得那么洒脱，那么优雅!设空处修饰名词an old man，和名词之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作定语，故填writing。
【43题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：汉字被刻在小正方形的石头上，然后用墨水印在纸上。根据设空处后面的谓语动词，可知设空处应用名词复数形式，故填characters。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：他给我做了一个用中文写着我名字的，太棒了!使用某种语言，一般用介词in，故填in。
【45题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：我还带走了一块用柔软的棉布制成的刺绣精美的手帕和一套漆成绚丽蓝色的瓷杯和碟子。设空处修饰名词a porcelain cup and saucer，和名词之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填painted。
第三节 用所给词的适当形式填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
46. Tourists can experience the most ________ (origin) rural life and flavor by taking part in an activity called “Happy Farmhouse”. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】original
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：游客可以通过参加一个名为“快乐农舍”的活动来体验最原始的乡村生活和风味。设空处修饰名词作定语，应用形容词形式，和前面的the most构成最高级，故填original。
47. A large number of countries are actively involved in global cooperation in ________ (respond) to climate change. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】response
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：许多国家都在积极参与全球合作，以应对气候变化。短语in response to，意为“作为对……的答复；作为对……的反应”，根据句意和语境，故填response。
48. Local authorities are being urged to develop more ________ (efficiency) and water-saving irrigation. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】efficient
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：政府正在敦促地方当局开发更高效和节水的灌溉系统。设空处修饰名词作定语，应用形容词形式，故填efficient。
49. ________ (slight) more than 1,100 giant pandas lived in China’s wilderness in the 1980s. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Slightly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：在20世纪80年代，略超过1100只大熊猫生活在中国的荒野中。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填副词slightly，作状语，表示“稍微”。位于句首，开头字母大写，故填Slightly。
50. Some major tourist attractions ________ (crowd) with tourists this summer. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】were crowded
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：今年夏天，一些主要的旅游景点都挤满了游客。短语be crowded with，意为“充满，满是”，符合句意，根据this summer可知应用一般过去时，主语是复数，谓语也要用复数形式，故填were crowded。
51. In ________ (add) to the rapid development of clean energy, China will make full use of coal as a supportive part of its energy strategy. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】addition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词及短语。句意：除了清洁能源的快速发展，中国还将充分利用煤炭作为其能源战略的支持部分。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语in addition to，表示“除了……还”，故填addition。
52. ________ (fortunate), companies have started to review their talent pools in recent years to motivate outstanding employees. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Fortunately
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，近年来，一些公司已经开始评估他们的人才库，以激励优秀的员工。设空处修饰后面的句子，应用副词作状语，表示“幸运的是”，句首字母大写，故填Fortunately。
53. He put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ________ (remind) of his own dreams. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】reminded
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意：他在床边贴了一张姚明的照片，提醒自己的梦想。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词。himself与remind是动宾关系，故用过去分词reminded作宾补，故填reminded。
54. When the results were made public, my concerns ________ (prove) unnecessary. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】proved
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当调查结果公布后，我的担忧被证明是不必要的。设空处为谓语，根据上文可知，应用一般过去时，prove在本句中意为“证明是”，是系动词，后接形容词作表语。故填proved。
55. To make things right, I wrote a letter of ________ (apologize) to beg for my friend’s forgiveness. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】apology
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和固定搭配。句意：为了挽回局面，我写了一封道歉信，请求朋友的原谅。短语 a letter of apology，意为“道歉信”，符合句意，故填apology。
第四节 根据要求翻译句子(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
56. 当时我想要向你道歉，但是我不知道该说什么好。(apologize，at a loss) （汉译英）
【答案】At that time I would like to apologize to you, but I was at a loss for words.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。分析语境可知，本句描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，当时译为“at that time”，道歉用动词apologize，我想要向你道歉译为“I would like to apologize to you”，下文表转折，用连词but连接，短语at a loss，意为“不知所措”，所以但是我不知道该说什么好译为“but I was at a loss for words”，故整句翻译为At that time I would like to apologize to you, but I was at a loss for words.。
57. 只有充分利用机会，你才更有可能成功。(take advantage of，make it) （汉译英）
【答案】As long as you take full advantage of the opportunity, you will be more likely to make it.
【解析】
【详解】考查条件状语从句和固定短语。分析可知，本句可以用as long as引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，充分利用译为“take full advantage of”，更有可能译为“be more likely to”，成功译为“make it”，再结合其他汉语意思，故翻译为As long as you take full advantage of the opportunity, you will be more likely to make it.。

58. Mr. Smith是一个好老师，他能使学生显现出最好的方面。(定语从句，bring out) （汉译英）
【答案】Mr. Smith is a good teacher, who can bring out the best in students.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，定语从句及短语。根据句意，本句描述一般事实，故用一般现在时。表示“Mr. Smith是一个好老师”用Mr. Smith is a good teacher；表示“能”用情态动词can。先行词是Mr. Smith，故用who引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，表示“使学生显现出最好的方面”用动词短语bring out the best in students。故答案为Mr. Smith is a good teacher, who can bring out the best in students.
59. 父母的支持对孩子的人生态度有很大的影响。(make a difference，attitude) （汉译英）
【答案】Parents’ support makes a big difference to children’s attitude towards life.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语，名词和时态。本句描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语父母的支持译为“Parents’ support”，谓语对……很大的影响，译为“make a big difference to”，孩子的人生态度，译为“children’s attitude towards life”，主语是单数，谓语用第三人称单数，故翻译为Parents’ support makes a big difference to children’s attitude towards life.。
60. 在我们看来，指望他来帮忙是不可能的。(in one’s opinion，count on) （汉译英）
【答案】In our opinion, it's impossible to count on his help.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。在我们看来译为“in our opinion”，后面这个句子，可以用it做形式主语，be动词作谓语，不可能的译为“impossible”，指望他来帮忙用不定式，译为“to count on his help”，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为In our opinion, it's impossible to count on his help.。
第四部分 写作(满分20分)
61. 假定你是李华，你的朋友Charles因小事和同学发生争执，关系闹僵了，他来信向你请教如何与同学和睦相处，请根据以下要点写一封建议信，内容包括：
1. 表示安慰；
2. 如何解决该矛盾；
3. 如何与同学和睦相处。
注意：
1. 写作词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Charles,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Charles,
I’m sorry to hear that you quarrelled with your classmate over small things. I can understand your feelings. Don’t worry. Here is some advice for you.
The first thing you need to do is that you should calm down and communicate with your classmate to clear up the misunderstanding between you. What’s more, you had better learn to control your emotion, which will help you. In order to get on well with your classmates, you should be friendly to them and put yourself in others’ position.
I hope the advice will be helpful to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以李华的身份，给你的朋友Charles一些建议，教他如何与同学和睦相处。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：advice→suggestion
冷静：calm down→cool down
与……相处地好：get on well with→get along well with
有帮助的：helpful→instrumental
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In order to get on well with your classmates, you should be friendly to them and put yourself in others’ position.
拓展句：You should be friendly to your classmates and put yourself in others’ position so that you can get on well with them.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m sorry to hear that you quarrelled with your classmate over small things. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
【高分句型2】The first thing you need to do is that you should calm down and communicate with your classmate to clear up the misunderstanding between you. (运用省略关系代词引导的定语从句和that引导表语从句)