鲁教版初三英语上册第三单元学案

这是一份鲁教版初三英语上册第三单元学案，共14页。

Unit 3 What were you doing when the rainstorm came？

1. 会认读并能背诵本单元单词。
2. 能熟记本单元重点短语和句型。
3. 熟记本单元语法过去进行时，要能学以致用。

一、过去进行时
⑴ 用法：
① 过去某个时间点正在发生的动作He was cooking at six last night.
② 过去某段时间正在发生的动作I was staying here from March to May last year.
⑵ 与过去进行时连用的常见时间状语有at nine last night/at that time=then/
at this time yesterday或者像when the teacher came in / while he was reading这样的时间状语从句。
⑶ 过去进行时的构成：was\were +动词的现在分词（doing）
⑷ 过去进行时的四个基本句型
肯定句：_________________________________________________________
昨天的这个时候他们正在上数学课。
否定句：_________________________________________________________
一般疑问句：_____________________________________________________
特殊疑问句：_____________________________________________________
昨天的这个时候他们正在做什么？
⑸ 过去进行时的固定句型（思考when/while引导的时间状语从句的区别）
Jim was reading when the teacher came in. __________________________________
Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV. _______________________________
⑹ 请比较
He watched TV last night.（过去的时间last night，用一般过去时）
He was watching TV at nine last night. (过去的时间last night+时间点at nine，用过去进行时)
练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Now Jim’s sister __________________(read) newspapers.
2. He __________________(watch)TV at nine last night.
3. He __________________(watch)TV last night.
4. What __________________the twins __________________(do) then?
5. — ________Lily ______________(draw) a cat when the teacher came in ?
— No, she _________
6. __________________you __________________(have) supper at that time?
7. Jack __________________(not read) a book at nine yesterday evening.
8. Now Jim __________________(play) basketball on the playground.
9. What ___________________ he _______________ (do) at nine o’clock last night.
10. They ___________________ (listen) to the music at that time.
11. When the teacher came in, the students ___________________ (read) the text.
12. We ___________________ (watch) TV when suddenly the telephone rang.
13. Her mother ____________(cook) while her father was watching TV.
二、状语从句
本单元我们接触了when和while引导的时间状语从句，时间状语从句的引导词有很多，如下：
引导词
例句
when当......的时候
The army was disbanded(被解散) when the war came to an end.
while在......期间
I lived in a hostel while I was a student.
before在......之前
I wiped(擦) my shoes on the mat(垫子) before I came in.
after在......之后
I found your coat after you left the house.
as当......的时候
He smiled as he passed.
since自从
Since his wife died, he’s just let himself go.
until直到......
Let’s wait until the rain stops.
as soon as 一......就......
We will go home as soon as the rain stops.


【注意】
since引导的从句多用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。如：
She has worked in the factory since graduated from the university.
‚当when,as soon as,before,after,until引导的时间状语从句的主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。如：
I’ll call you as soon as I get to Paris.
③when&while的辨析
when既可以引导延续性动作，又可以引导非延续性动作；而while引导的动作必须是延续性的，while还可以表示两个动作同时进行。如：
When he opened the door，he saw the bird.
He was watching TV while she was cooking.
She was singing while she was cleaning her room.
例：1.Jack has learned more about teamwork ___ he joined the soccer team.
A.until B.since C.while D.though
2.It was quiet ___ those big trucks started coming through the town.
A.when B.after C.until D.unless
3. He was about to go to bed ___ the doorbell rang.
A.while B.as C.before D.when

Section A
1. My alarm didn’t go off so I get up late.
【解析】go off 发出响声 The alarm went off just now.
【短语】go over 复习 go away 离开
go by (时间)过去 go for a walk 出去散步
go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming 去钓鱼/去买东西/去溜冰/去游泳
昨天我去钓鱼的时候他去游泳了。__________________________________
2. I was waiting for the bus when it began to rain heavily.
【解析】heavily adv. 在很大程度上
heavy
adj. 沉重的
The box is too heavy to carry.
=The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.
heavily
adv. 沉重地
The army lost heavily.
※形容风大的时候常用strong/hard；形容雨，雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard。
大风______________ 雨下得很大_______________ 一场大雨_____________
3. I got to the bus stop but I still missed the bus.
【解析】miss
v. ① 错过 (后接名词、代词或动词ing形式)
Be quick! Or you will miss the early bus. ________________________________
② 想念；思念 I miss you. _______________________________________
n. 用于姓名或姓之前，是对未婚女子的称呼，首字母要大写，意为“小姐；女生”，如：吴小姐______
4. I called at seven and you didn’t pick up.
【解析】pick up 接电话

pick up
接电话
Tom, I called you, but you didn’t pick up.
捡起；拾起
I picked up a wallet on my way home.
(开车)接某人
I will pick you up at the station.
学到；获得
He was picking up the skills quickly.
例：She ___ French when she was in France. She can speak it freely.
A.picked out B.made out C.made up D.picked up
5. With no light outside, it felt like midnight.
【解析1】with + n. + adv./adj. 在句中做伴随状语
窗户开着他可以看到黑夜中的星星。
He can see stars in the dark sky ______ the window ______.
【解析2】feel like doing sth. = would like/want to do sth. 想要做某事
feel like sth. 觉得好像......
他什么也不想吃。He _______ like eating ________.
他感觉像一只鸟。He _______ like a _______.

6. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.
【解析】report v. 报道 → reporter n. 记者
make a report 做报告 weather report 天气预报
give a report 作报告 It’s reported that… 据报道
据报道有些老人在使用计算机。
It is _______ _______ some old people are _______ computers.
7. I see. I called again at eight and you didn’t answer then either.
【解析1】I see . 我知道了。 （表示通过别人提醒而明白、了解）
【拓展】 see sb. do sth 看到某人做了某事 see sb. doing sth 看到某人正在做某事
昨天下午两点我看到他正在打篮球。
I saw him _______ basketball _______ 2 o’clock yesterday afternoon.
【解析2】either 也
【辨析】also / too/ as well/ either
(1) also 也，用于肯定句句中，用在实义动词之前，系动词/助动词/情态动词之后。
(2) too 也，用于肯定句句末，用逗号隔开。
(3) either 也，常放于否定句句末。
(4) as well 也，常放于肯定句句末，不用逗号隔开。
①Tom说法语，Jack也说。
Tom speaks French. Jack also speaks French.
=_______________________________________________
=_______________________________________________
②Tom不说法语，Jack也不说。
Tom doesn't speak French. Jack _________ speak French _________.
8. So, when the rainstorm suddenly came, what were you doing?
【解析】so 的用法：




无实际意义，表示惊讶或领会，引出后面内容做语气词

So, you were the first one to enter the classroom.

so
so + adj./ adv. “如此......”
The book is so interesting.
作副词


so + adj./adv. +that 从句 “如此......以至于......”
He ran so fast that no one could catch up with him.

作连词

so + 从句 “所以”
I was ill yesterday, so I didn’t go to school.


so that +从句 “以便，为了......”
I fixed the TV so that we can watch it tonight


【注意】(1) so...that...和 too...to...以及not...enough to...可互换
He is too young to go to school.
=________________________________________
=________________________________________
(2) so... that...句式和such... that...句式的转换。such修饰名词，so修饰形容词和副词。
She is___a nice girl___we all want to help her.
A. such；that B.too；to C.so；that D.very；that
题目中句子用so...that...转换为：__________________________________________
9. Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working.
【解析1】while当......的时候，只能引导延续性动作
【解析2】make sure确信；确保
① make sure to do sth.
当你离开的时候请确保关闭了电脑。
Please _______ sure _______ _______ _______ the computer when you _______.
② make sure of sth./ make sure that 从句
请确保你按时到那。
Please make sure _______ you get there _______ time.
【解析3】work 运转；发挥作用
这个药不管用。
The _______ doesn’t ________.
【拓展】work有三个意思很容易弄混：
⑴ 表示“工作”，是不可数名词或动词：
他有太多工作要做。
He ______ too ______ ______ to do.
他工作十分努力。
He ______ very hard.
⑵ 表示“著作”或“作品”，是可数名词，但多用复数：
他读了很多海明威的作品。
He has_______ many of Hemingway’s ______.
10. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.
【解析1】 beat与win辨析

我们以二比一的分数战胜了他们。
We ______ them _______ the score of 2 to 1.
哪支队伍昨天赢得了足球比赛？
Which team _______ the football match yesterday?
【解析2】 against 倚；碰；撞
⑴ 表示“反对”，其反义词为 for。若表示“强烈反对”，一般用副词 strongly：
你同意或者反对这个计划吗？
Are you ________ or ________ the plan? 
⑵ 表示位置，意为“靠着”、“顶着”等：
老师的桌子靠着墙。
The teacher’s desk is ________ the ________. 
11. Ben could not sleep at first.
【解析】 at first 首先；最初
【拓展】 at first = at the beginning 最初，开始 【强调时间顺序】
first of all 首先，第一 【表明陈述事情的重要性】
我们起初并不信任他。
We _______ trust him ________ ________.
首先，让我告诉你这个好消息。
_______ _______ _______, let me tell you the good news.
12. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m.
【解析1】 fall asleep 进入梦乡；入睡
【拓展】sleep / asleep/ sleepy/ sleeping 辨析
(1) sleep =be in bed v. 睡觉，指睡的动作状态
(2) get to sleep =fall asleep 入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态
(3) go to bed 上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作
(4) sleepy adj. 困倦的，想睡的；可作表语、定语
asleep adj. 睡着的，只做表语
sleep n./v. 睡觉，睡眠
sleeping是sleep的现在分词形式 ，作adj翻译为睡着的，如：a sleeping boy
be asleep
强调睡着的状态
The baby is asleep.
fall asleep
强调入睡的动作
My father was so tired that he fell asleep quickly.
用sleep的适当形式填空
（sleepy，asleep，sleep，sleeping）
(1) She was fast ________. I couldn't wake her up.
(2) He is so excited that he can't go to ________.
【解析2】die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失
13. When he woke up, the sun was rising.
【解析1】wake up (v.+ adv.) 醒来；睡醒
【解析2】rise 增加；提高；增强；上升，升起
rise
升起；上升，不及物动词
主语自身移向较高位置
raise
举起；提高，及物动词
主语发出的动作作用于其他事物
价格去年逐渐上涨。
Price _______ gradually last year.
让我们为了汤姆筹钱吧。
Let’s _______ _______ for Tom.
14. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together.
【解析】 join 加入；参加
【辨析】join/ join in/ take part in
(1) join=be a member of 参加，指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。
join the army/ party 入伍/ 党 join the club 加入俱乐部
◆ join in 后接活动名称
◆ join sb. 加入到某个人群之中
(2) take part in 参加，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。
我能加入到这个游戏中吗？
Can I ______ ______ the game？
暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。
We will _______ _______ _______ social practice during the summer vacation.
你哥哥什么时候参军的？
When did your brother ________ ________ ________?
15. When we got to the place of the accident, the car was in bad shape from hitting a tree.
【解析】get to 到达 get → got→ gotten v. 得到
【辨析】get/ reach/ arrive
get to +地点= arrive in/at +地点= reach+地点
get on 上车 get up 起床 get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
get along with sb. 与某人相处融洽 get together相聚
例：我六点到达了火车站 I get to the train station at six o'clock.
=_____________________________________________
=_____________________________________________
Section B
1. When the school basketball competition started, Kate was still making her way to school.
【解析】 make one’s way to … 在某人去……的路上
（当后接地点副词home, here, there时，应省略介词to）
我正在回家（学校）的路上。
I'm _____ my way _____(_____ _____).
【扩展】关于way的常见介词短语：
①in the way “妨碍；挡路”
他试着去门那里，但是桌子挡在了路上。
He tried to get to the door，but the table _______ _______ _______ way.
②on the way “在路上；在途中”
我看到他在回家的路上。
I saw him _______ the way _______.
③in a way “在某种程度上”
某种程度上我感觉被骗了。
_______ _______ _______ way I felt cheated.
④by the way “顺便说一下”
顺便说一下，我有一些事要告诉你。
_____ ____ ____ I have ______ to tell you.
2. School closed for the day, and Robert and his friends walked home in silence.
【解析】silence n. 沉默 → silent adj. 沉默；缄默；无声
in silence 沉默地、无声地 = silently keep silent 保持沉默
他沉默地看着我。
He looked at me ______(_______ _______).
上课的时候请保持安静。
Please ______ _______ when you are in class.
3. I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.
【解析1】trouble n. 困难；苦恼；忧虑
be in trouble 处于困境中 get sb. into trouble 使某人陷入困境
have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有麻烦（困难）
have problems / difficulty/ fun (in) doing sth. 做某事有问题/困难/乐趣
我处在困境中一年了。
I have ________ ________ ________ for one year.
他学英语困难。
He _______ ________ ________ English.
【解析2】be afraid of doing=be afraid to do 害怕做某事
但表示担心发生某种状况时只能用be afraid of doing.
我害怕伤到他。________________________________________________________
他不敢跳。
__________________________________=__________________________________

请大家反思总结过去进行时的用法，句式构成，句型变换，时间状语：
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



一、 单选题（section A）
1.Sometimes it rains ___ in Guizhou in summer .
A. heavily B. heavy C. strong D. strongly
2.It seems that the aged people ___ the H7N9 more easily from the recent case.
A. pick up 　 B. mix up 　 C. set up 　 D. use up
3.Amy was reading a book ___ I came in.
A. when B. while C. because D. though
4.There aren’t many tickets left for the concert, you'd better ___ that you get one today.
A. make sure of B. make a decision C. make sure D. make plans
5.We can do a lot to stay healthy. ___, we should eat a balanced(平衡的) diet.
A. At a time B. In fact C. First of all D. All together
6.— What’s wrong with you, Eric? You look tired.
— I ___ to prepare for the final exam last night.
A. picked up B. woke up C. stayed up D. put up
二、词汇适当形式填空（section A）
1. I feel like _______ (catch) a cold today.
2. I want to be a ___________(report) when I grow up.
3. David fell _________(sleep) in class because he stayed up too late last night.
三、单选题（section B）
1.An accident ___ at the school gate this morning.
A. happened B .happened to C. took place D. took places
2.A serious bike accident ___ her , and she was badly hurt.
A. happened to B. was happened to C. was happening D. was happen
3.I happened ___ him last night.
A. to meet B. meet C. meeting D. meets
4.—It’s hot today, isn’t it? —Yes, it is. Why not ___ your jacket?
A. take care B. take place C. take after D. take off
5.I’ll make my way ___ home now.
A. to B. / C. at D. on
6.We should keep ___ in the library.
A. silence B. silently C. silent
四、词汇填空（section B）
1.__________________(使我吃惊的是）, he got the first prize in the exam.
2.We are ____________at the _____________news. (surprise)
3.To tell the ________ (true), I don’t like the drinks in that café.
4.I ____________( complete) believe in you now. I think you are honest in the matter.
5.They ____________(complete) building the bridge late next year.

实战演练


一、词语运用 从方框中选词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺完整。
look, year, change, deep, home, cold, can, work, take, father
Every day, on her way to work, Amelia had to pass a slum (贫民窟). As a social 1_________, she had not paid much attention to it. This 2__________ one day when she met a ragged(衣衫褴褛的) boy named Sam. Sam knew she was the head of social services, and that she 3__________ help. He reached out his hand and said, “Can you help me? I'm 4___________ for my dad.”His hands were so 5___________. Amelia said, “What's up?” “My mom is terribly sick. Her birthday is coming. I know my 6____________ coming back would be the best present. My dad had left us before I was two 7____________ old,” said the boy.
Amelia was 8_____________ moved and asked Sam to take her to his home. He led her to a small house. Amelia saw a woman lying on the bed. The woman knew she was dying. She said to Amelia, “Please find a 9____________ for my son.”
    Amelia 10____________ her hand and nodded with tears. She got an idea! Her husband and she had no children, and looking forward to having one. Later Amelia brought Sam home. Ever since then, the new family have had happiness and laughter.
二、完形填空
Billy is a boy of fifteen．His parents died three years ago．One day when he was walking in the street he（36）___ a wallet．He returned it to the owner，Mr．Baker．He gave his（37）___ to the boy．As the boy had no job，Mr．Baker made him work for him in his（38）___．Billy worked so hard that Mr．and Mrs．Baker were（39）___ with him．
    Mr．Baker loved planting（40）___．The week before last，he brought a few trees home，planted them in the（41）___ himself and watered them every day．Several days（42）___，he had to leave for another city．Before he started，he said to Billy，"Take good care of these trees．Some boys near our house always want to steal them．"Don't（43）___ about them，sir．"answered Billy，"I'll try my best to watch them．"Six days passed and Mr．Baker came back．He asked，"（44）___ anyone ever come to steal the trees？""No，sir．"said Billy．"To stop someone from stealing the trees，I（45）___ them up six days ago．I have hidden（藏）them for almost a week!"
36．A．bought
B．found
C．carried
D．wanted
37．A．wallet
B．pity
C．thanks
D．excuses
38．A．office
B．factory
C．town
D．home
39．A．pleased
B．angry
C．bored
D．sad
40．A．grass
B．flowers
C．vegetables
D．trees
41．A．garden
B．office
C．city
D．room
42．A．ago
B．later
C．before
D．after
43．A．think
B．talk
C．learn
D．worry
44．A．Did
B．Does
C．Has
D．Will
45．A．sent
B．pulled
C．put
D．picked