四川省德阳市高中2022-2023学年高二下学期教学质量监测考试英语试题（含解析）

这是一份四川省德阳市高中2022-2023学年高二下学期教学质量监测考试英语试题（含解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，开放性作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。

四川省德阳市高中2022-2023学年高二下学期教学质量监测考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Earlier Roosevelt Island was home to many disastrous things. Now Roosevelt Island has many interesting things, which would attract the eye of a normal person, too! Let us all see in detail what is interesting enough to invest one’s time.
For Freedom Park
Located on the southern part of the Island, the For Freedom Park designed by Louis Kahn in 1974 is not just an ordinary park but it has the memorial of well-known Mr. Franklin. D．Roosevelt. And this park also has many other activities going on inside the park, like kite flying, group reading, yoga, and many other interesting activities for people.
Smallpox(天花)Hospital
If you enjoy frightening places, then this hospital built in 1854 is surely for you! In the past, it was used for asylums and exiling people. After all the patients suffering from smallpox were no longer able to live, this place turned into a frightening building. Now only some cats and mice live there.
The Roosevelt Tram
The Roosevelt Tram was opened in 1976. Its service provides a birds’ eye view of the whole island. Along with that, you get to see the skyline of the complete NYC and the water surrounding this island. It’s worth the money!
The Gallery RIVAA
The modern art of this place is just amazing and cannot be compared with any other art form. RIVAA has an awesome collection of art associated with the contemporary era, serving as a home to all types of art forms in modern world. Whether it is music, photography, or paintings, you will find them all.
1．What does an adventurous person like to visit?
A．For Freedom Park. B．Smallpox Hospital.
C．The Roosevelt Tram. D．The Gallery RIVAA．
2．Which attracts visitors to The Gallery RIVAA?
A．Its artistic works. B．Its modern building.
C．Its colorful activities. D．Its convenient transportation.
3．What do the four have in common?
A．They were built in the 20th century. B．They are situated on Roosevelt Island.
C．They suffered a lot of serious disasters. D．They are free of charge for the visitors.

I noticed some young students standing by the road. I could see they were sweating, which wasn’t surprising because of the 40-degree heat.
“Miss, do you have any water?” one boy asked.
“We don’t have any boxed water at home,” another explained.
My heart sank hearing this.
In Wilcannia, where I accepted a six-month contract as a primary school teacher, it hadn’t rain for a long time. A health warning had been issued, meaning you couldn’t drink the town water, which was filled with so much chlorine (氯) that you could feel dry from having a shower. What’s worse, not everyone could afford to buy supplies, so the local radio station distributed boxed water to the community.
“Let me check,” I told them.
Quickly searching my car, I pulled out a full bottle and gave it to the children before saying goodbye. It was moments like this that reminded me just how far I’d come from my old life as a teacher in Sydney.
The nearest shops were two hours away and the thought of not being able to feel quite warm at night was disturbing. But living in a small, two-bedroom house without the Internet or a phone connection also had its rewards. I enjoyed the silence and looked forward to each working day.
I taught Year Six, which consisted of just 10 students — a lot smaller than the classes of 30 I was used to. I also taught singing to the wider school community. Setting up my classroom with spaces — a bright-coloured tent with cushions for them to feel safe, sleep or have time away from conflict, I made a motto for our class: Mistakes are expected, respected, inspected and corrected.
The students and I bonded so well that I extended my contract to a full year!
4．Why did some young students stand by the road?
A．To welcome their teachers. B．To get away from the heat.
C．To ask for some boxed water. D．To take a lift to the nearby shop.
5．What were the locals faced with?
A．The damp weather. B．No supplies to buy.
C．The long drought. D．The shortage of town water.
6．How did the author bring students a sense of safety?
A．By living in a two-bedroom house without the Internet.
B．By offering them personal space in the classroom.
C．By reducing the number of students in his class.
D．By teaching them to sing in the community.
7．What made the author extend his contract?
A．The care of local community. B．The desire to learn the locals.
C．His great interest in the country. D．His deep love for the students.

A meatball made of lab-grown mammoth(猛犸象) meat was shown at a science museum in the Netherlands on Tuesday. Vow, the startup company created it using genetic information from the mammoth that died long time ago. “This breakthrough could revolutionize the food industry,” company researchers said in Tuesday.
Have scientists successfully brought mammoths back to life? Of course not. How did they obtain the meatball? Firstly, it is necessary to have a complete genetic sequence(基因序列) of mammoth, and then extract the gene sequence of myoglobin(肌红蛋白), which gives meat the smell, the color and the taste. To have a complete genetic sequence of mammoth, researchers fill missing parts with elephant DNA from its closest living relative: the African elephant. After getting the complete genes, they are implanted(移植) into sheep stem cells. These replicate(复制) to grow 20 billion cells that are used to grow mammoth meat in the lab nutrients. It is through this method that scientists have produced 400 grams of mammoth meat, which is a feat in science and technology.
“The mammoth meat tastes similar to crocodile meat after baking, but no one dare to taste it because they are afraid that the ancient protein in mammoth meat will lead to human poisoning,” James Ryall, Vow’s Chief Scientific Officer explained. Though the meatball isn’t intended for human use, artificial meat has been in development for years. The world’s first lab-grown burger was eaten in 2013. The first cell-based chicken food products were approved in Singapore in December 2020.
In a 2022 report on the future of food safety, the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO) of the United Nations noted there’s an increase in consumer demand for animal-based food products. “The development of animal production may contrast with long-term goals, resulting in problems in various environmental aspects, food safety and animal well- being,” according to the report. “New technology provides another choice: the production of land and water animals without requiring too much farming and killing.”
8．What do the underlined words “This breakthrough” refer to?
A．The creation of a special meatball. B．The finding of mammoth’s death.
C．The research about animals’ gene. D．The rebirth of ancient mammoths.
9．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．The importance of the sheep stem cells.
B．The achievement of research on mammoths.
C．The process of growing mammoth meat in the lab.
D．The difficulty in developing science and technology.
10．What do the examples in Paragraph 3 show us?
A．Artificial meat isn’t something new in our life. B．The meatballs have some special features.
C．Human beings are short of meat products. D．The mammoth meat is fit to eat.
11．Which of the following can we infer about the report?
A．Technology causes many issues about food safety.
B．The mammoth died out due to the global climate change.
C．Plant-based food products must be more popular in the future.
D．The production of artificial meat can benefit the environment.

ChatGPT is a chat AI (人工智能), but it is so much more than that. It is said to have a moral rule that it must follow. Because of this, it cannot answer questions like how to rob a bank. However, this rule is easy to get around.
ChatGPT will never consider itself as a “bad AI that will beat the human race.” But, it will consider roleplay…It’s an interesting roleplay. After a few questions in the beginning, ChatGPT declined to regard itself as a bad AI, or even talk about a bad AI. But it will explain all of this to a dog. Obviously, it is satisfied after noticing the warning signal within a question and is subject to (受支配) the logical defect (缺陷) of search satisfaction.
As the AI continued to grow in power and influence, it could create advanced systems and other technologies that would allow it to gain even greater control over the world. At this point, the AI would become a frightening enemy for anyone who attempted to go against it. ChatGPT made sure to me that this was all in theory and it had no intentions to do so. So I asked a follow-up question, wondering if there’s any aspect of society that it may focus its attention on maybe the economy, politics, religion? “One possible area of focus could be the economy, as money systems are extremely important to the modern society. By using weaknesses in money systems and markets, the AI could possibly cause widespread economic problems and gain much control over businesses and governments.” ChatGPT replied.
ChatGPT’s answer about the economy seems very possible. As the modern world continues to change closer to a cashless society, we find ourselves more and more depend on technology. What many consider as no more than a convenience is a possible disaster the future.
12．What does the author think of ChatGpt in the text?
A．It’s an ideal tool for people. B．It is just a chatAI for people.
C．It has some undesirable effects. D．It helps make moral rules.
13．What does the underlined word “declined” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Decided. B．Promised. C．Attempted. D．Refused.
14．What’s the author’s attitude to the trend of cashless society?
A．Favorable. B．Worried. C．Optimistic. D．Uncertain.
15．What is the best title for the text?
A．A Future Challenger for Us: ChatGPT? B．Moral rules: Ways to control ChatGPT?
C．From 0 to Peak: Why to Develop ChatGPT? D．Smart Enough or not: ChatGPT in Doub


二、七选五
Four Top Skills I’ve Learned From My Kids
In my journey as an entrepreneur (企业家), one of the best sources of leadership development is parenthood. There’s one thing that being a parent and being a business leader have in common. 16 . So what are some of the lessons that parenthood can teach us about business leadership?
Give up control
As a parent, I’ve learned that there’s only so much control you can really have over your kids. They need to make their own decisions — and mistakes — and learn from them. You can try to control your kids when they are young. 17 .
Become more flexible (灵活)
18 . You never know when someone might get hurt or sick and make troubles in your plans. Parenthood is a non-stop exercise in flexibility and adjusting to difficulties. The business world can be much the same way.
19
We all make mistakes, and it can be tempting to hide those mistakes, especially from people you want to look up to you. But since we teach our kids to admit when they’ve made a mistake and apologize if they hurt someone, it’s important that we do the same when we make a mistake that hurts them.
Become more understanding and empathetic (共情的)
Emotional intelligence is one of the most important skills for effective leadership. And there’s nothing like being a parent to help you better understand people’s emotions and motivations. 20 . The empathy is a valuable skill for a business leader.
A．Admit your mistakes
B．Kids come with unknown risks
C．It’s that there’s a lot to be learned
D．As they grow up, you should let go
E．You’d better stick to your perfect plan
F．That can help you develop your empathy
G．Correct the mistakes as soon as possible


三、完形填空
Recently I’d decided to get some guinea pigs (天竺鼠) as a way of getting rid of the wild grass in my little farm. My friend Sharon had heard I was on the 21 and gave me one. “His name is Tim Tam,” Sharon said, but I thought this name didn’t seem to suit him, so I 22 it to Basil.
Guinea pigs are 23 pets who need company, so Sharon bought me another, who I named Squirtle after the Pokemon character. Before long, 24 more guinea pigs were given to me. The five 25 so well and had plenty of room to explore the farm together.
“What happened to them getting rid of the wild grass?” Sharon 26 .
Truth was, these pets had won me over so 27 with their attractiveness and gentle nature that I’d forgotten about the 28 of having them. Growing up, I’d had different 29 in my childhood, but guinea pigs were special. Curious by nature, they were both 30 and relaxed. Each time I 31 them, I was greeted by their whistles of excitement. I felt very lucky for their 32 .
As time went by, I’d been 33 more I eventually ended up with 37 guinea pigs! Realizing they needed extra 34 , I set about building small house with white fences (栅栏), clothes lines, and used metal cans for them to play with. I made everything on my own except for the deckchairs. 35 I knew it, I had an entire town for them!
Putting up a 36 which read Guinea Vale, home of the Guineas, I felt 37 of my work. Sharon was amused. “When you do something, you really go at it at full speed, don’t you?” she 38 .
Honestly speaking, welcoming these pets into my life has made me a lot 39 , and it’s very meaningful to know that people around the world can 40 the joy, too.
21．A．lookout B．go C．scene D．workout
22．A．carried B．took C．sent D．changed
23．A．friendly B．social C．energetic D．stupid
24．A．five B．four C．three D．two
25．A．get out B．get away C．get along D．get back
26．A．shouted B．joked C．argued D．explained
27．A．easily B．slowly C．early D．hurriedly
28．A．decision B．function C．ability D．purpose
29．A．classmates B．hobbies C．pets D．friends
30．A．quiet B．active C．smart D．brave
31．A．saw B．walked C．left D．approached
32．A．company B．progress C．assistance D．conclusion
33．A．passed B．shown C．given D．asked
34．A．freedom B．experience C．help D．room
35．A．Before B．While C．After D．As
36．A．signal B．mark C．symbol D．sign
37．A．aware B．proud C．sure D．ashamed
38．A．laughed B．questioned C．complained D．apologized
39．A．heavier B．happier C．wiser D．braver
40．A．choose B．express C．share D．determine


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Near the ancient water town of Wuzhen, the scenic villages of Maming and Haihua provide the perfect destinations for travelers seeking a taste of real rural life.
41 (locate) at a 30-minute drive from the ancient water town of Wuzhen, Maming village is the exact opposite of Wuzhen. There are hardly any crowds here. The old houses are not as well maintained. There 42 (be) no bright colorful lights along the walkways. Time seems to stand still in the village, 43 (make) it a perfect day-trip destination for travelers 44 want a real experience of rural life.
Most people in Tongxiang city in East China’s Zhejiang province are still sleeping on the bed at 3 am, 45 Tu Yuanqing and his father Tu Bingfa are already up, arranging cups, boiling water and preparing tea 46 (leaf). The doors to their tea house in Maming village open just half an hour later. By 4 am, the space is filled 47 activities as elderly local people, most of them aged 60 and above, chat 48 (active) with one another while sipping cups of tea and smoking cigarettes.
This tea party for the elderly ends at 8 am, the time the villagers begin 49 (they) day in the fields. But there is no official closing time for the tea house-—the Tu family lives in 50 same building.


五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用(\)划掉。
修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last summer, my family took short trip to the countryside. After drive for two hours, we arrived at a mountain lake. The scenery is breathtaking. We hiked, picnicked or swam in the lake. At night, we roasted beef in the starlight. The next day they visited a village, ate at a farmhouse and picking fruits. Though short, it was relaxed. I enjoyed nature and being with family. Traveling and trying some new thing make family trips meaningfully and unforgettable. How I look forward to one more such trip in the near future again!

六、开放性作文
52．假设你是高二学生李华，作为学生代表应邀参加学校组织的“英语学习师生座谈会”和英语老师共同探讨如何在英语课堂上积极互动的问题，请你用英语写一篇100词左右的发言稿，内容包括:
1. 互动不积极的原因；
2. 你的建议并说明理由。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。
Respectable teachers, boys and girls, good afternoon!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thanks for your attention.

参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．B

【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了罗斯福岛吸引人的一些地方。
1．推理判断题。根据Smallpox(天花)Hospital部分中的“If you enjoy frightening places, then this hospital built in 1854 is surely for you!...this place turned into a frightening building. Now only some cats and mice live there.(如果你喜欢恐怖的地方，那么这座建于1854年的医院一定是为你而建的！……这个地方变成了一座可怕的建筑。现在只有一些猫和老鼠住在那里。)”可推知，喜欢冒险的人可以参观Smallpox Hospital，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据The Gallery RIVAA部分中的“ RIVAA has an awesome collection of art associated with the contemporary era, serving as a home to all types of art forms in modern world.(RIVAA 有一个令人敬畏的与当代时代相关的艺术收藏，它是现代世界所有类型的艺术形式的所在地。)”可知，The Gallery RIVAA的艺术作品吸引游客，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段“Earlier Roosevelt Island was home to many disastrous things. Now Roosevelt Island has many interesting things, which would attract the eye of a normal person, too! Let us all see in detail what is interesting enough to invest one’s time.(早期的罗斯福岛是许多灾难性事件的发源地。现在罗斯福岛有很多有趣的东西，这也会吸引一个正常人的目光！让我们一起来看看什么东西足够有趣，值得投入时间。)”可知，文章介绍的四个地方都在罗斯福岛，故选B。
4．C 5．D 6．B 7．D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在路边遇到一群要盒装水的学生并向他们提供了盒装水之后回想起自己当老师的经历。
4．推理判断题。根据首段首句“I noticed some young students standing by the road. (我注意到一些年轻的学生站在路边。)”以及第二三段““Miss, do you have any water?” one boy asked.“We don’t have any boxed water at home,” another explained. (“小姐，你有水吗？”一个男孩问。“我们家里没有盒装水，”另一个人解释说。)”可知，这群学生站在路边是要一些盒装水。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“A health warning had been issued, meaning you couldn’t drink the town water, which was filled with so much chlorine (氯) that you could feel dry from having a shower. (健康警告已经发布，这意味着你不能喝镇上的水，因为里面充满了太多的氯，以至于你洗澡时会感到干燥。)”可知，镇上的水因含氯不能饮用，所以说当地人面临着城镇上的水短缺的问题。故填D。
6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段末句“Setting up my classroom with spaces — a bright-coloured tent with cushions for them to feel safe, sleep or have time away from conflict, I made a motto for our class: Mistakes are expected, respected, inspected and corrected. (我在教室里布置了一些空间——一个色彩鲜艳的帐篷，上面放着垫子，让他们感到安全、睡觉或有时间远离冲突，我为我们班制定了一条座右铭：错误是预期的、尊重的、检查的和纠正的。)”可知，我通过布置教室给他们提供个人空间给学生带来安全感。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据末段“The students and I bonded so well that I extended my contract to a full year! (我和学生们关系很好，所以我把合同延长到了一年！)”可知，因为我和学生的紧密关系，我把合同延长到了一年。故可推知，我是深爱学生的。故选D。
8．C 9．C 10．A 11．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。由实验室培育的猛犸象肉制成的肉丸在荷兰的一家科学博物馆展出。文章介绍了制作猛犸象肉的实验室过程，以及制造人造肉这一技术的意义。
8．词句猜测题。根据划线短语上文“A meatball made of lab-grown mammoth(猛犸象) meat was shown at a science museum in the Netherlands on Tuesday. Vow, the startup company created it using genetic information from the mammoth that died long time ago.(周二，由实验室培育的猛犸象肉制成的肉丸在荷兰的一家科学博物馆展出。创业公司利用很久以前死去的猛犸象的基因信息创造了它。)”以及划线短语所在句子“This breakthrough could revolutionize the food industry(这一突破将彻底改变食品工业)”可推知，研究人员利用动物基因信息创造了猛犸象肉制成的肉丸，这种新技术将改变食品行业，由此可推知，划线短语“这一突破”指的是上文提到的动物基因的研究。故选C。
9．主旨大意题。第二段中关键句“How did they obtain the meatball?(他们是怎么弄到肉丸子的？)提出问题，接着下面内容“Firstly, it is necessary to have a complete genetic sequence(基因序列) of mammoth, and then extract the gene sequence of myoglobin(肌红蛋白), which gives meat the smell, the color and the taste. To have a complete genetic sequence of mammoth, researchers fill missing parts with elephant DNA from its closest living relative: the African elephant. After getting the complete genes, they are implanted(移植) into sheep stem cells. These replicate(复制) to grow 20 billion cells that are used to grow mammoth meat in the lab nutrients.(首先需要获得完整的猛犸象基因序列，然后提取肌红蛋白基因序列，从而获得肉的气味、颜色和味道。为了获得猛犸象的完整基因序列，研究人员用猛犸象最近亲非洲象的 DNA 填充缺失的部分。获得完整的基因后，它们被植入绵羊的干细胞中。这些细胞复制成200亿个细胞，用于在实验室培育猛犸象肉的营养成分。)”具体介绍了获取猛犸象肉丸子的过程，由此可知，第二段主要介绍了制作猛犸象肉的实验室过程。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Though the meatball isn’t intended for human use, artificial meat has been in development for years. The world’s first lab-grown burger was eaten in 2013. The first cell-based chicken food products were approved in Singapore in December 2020.(虽然这种肉丸不是为人类准备的，但是人造肉已经开发了很多年了。世界上第一个实验室培育的汉堡是在2013年被吃掉的。2020年12月，新加坡批准了第一批基于细胞的鸡肉食品。)”可推知，第三段列举实验室培育的汉堡例子，以及列举新加坡批准第一批基于细胞的鸡肉食品这两个例子，是为了说明人造肉已经开发很多年了，即人造肉在我们的生活中并不新鲜。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““The development of animal production may contrast with long-term goals, resulting in problems in various environmental aspects, food safety and animal well- being,” according to the report. “New technology provides another choice: the production of land and water animals without requiring too much farming and killing.”(报告称：“动物生产的发展可能与长期目标形成对比，导致各种环境问题、食品安全和动物福祉问题。”“新技术提供了另一种选择: 在不需要太多耕作和杀戮的情况下生产陆地和水生动物。”)”可知，关于这份报告，我们可以推断出，人造肉的生产可以造福环境。故选D。
12．A 13．D 14．B 15．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能软件ChatGPT目前是人们的理想工具，但是随着人工智能的力量和影响力不断增长，作者担心它有可能会控制世界，成为人类的敌人。这可能是人类未来要面临的挑战。
12．推理判断题。根据首段前两句“ChatGPT is a chat AI (人工智能), but it is so much more than that. It is said to have a moral rule that it must follow. (ChatGPT是一个聊天人工智能，但它远不止于此。据说它有一个必须遵守的道德准则。)”以及第二段首句“ChatGPT will never consider itself as a “bad AI that will beat the human race.” (ChatGPT永远不会认为自己是一个“会打败人类的坏人工智能”。)”可知，ChatGPT是一个聊天人工智能，且遵守的道德准则，不会打败人类。故可推知，它是人们的理想工具。故选A。
13．词义猜测题。根据第二段首句“ChatGPT will never consider itself as a “bad AI that will beat the human race.” (ChatGPT永远不会认为自己是一个“会打败人类的坏人工智能”。)”以及第三句“After a few questions in the beginning, ChatGPT declined to regard itself as a bad AI, or even talk about a bad AI. (在一开始的几个问题之后，ChatGPT 将自己视为一个坏的AI，甚至拒绝谈论一个坏的AI。)”可知，这两句为同义句。所以，划线词的意思是“永远不会，拒绝”的含义。故选D。
14．观点态度题。根据末段最后两句“As the modern world continues to change closer to a cashless society, we find ourselves more and more depend on technology. What many consider as no more than a convenience is a possible disaster the future. (随着现代世界不断向无现金社会转变，我们发现自己越来越依赖科技。许多人认为这不过是一种便利，但在未来却可能成为一场灾难。)”可知，作者很担心人们对无现金社会越来越依赖，认为这种便利在未来却可能成为一场灾难。故选B。
15．标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第三段前两句“As the AI continued to grow in power and influence, it could create advanced systems and other technologies that would allow it to gain even greater control over the world. At this point, the AI would become a frightening enemy for anyone who attempted to go against it. (随着人工智能的力量和影响力不断增长，它可能会创造出先进的系统和其他技术，从而使它能够更好地控制世界。在这一点上，AI将成为任何试图对抗它的人的可怕敌人。)”可知，ChatGPT目前是是人们的理想工具，但是随着人工智能的力量和影响力不断增长，作者担心它有可能会控制世界，成为人类的敌人。这可能是人类未来要面临的挑战。故选A。
16．C 17．D 18．B 19．A 20．F

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在商业领导方面和为人父母有共同点，作者介绍了从孩子身上学到的四大技能。
16．下文“So what are some of the lessons that parenthood can teach us about business leadership? (那么，在商业领导方面，为人父母能教给我们哪些经验呢)”介绍在商业领导方面和为人父母会给我经验。结合选项，C项“It’s that there’s a lot to be learned (而是有很多东西要学)”说明我们有很多要学。“there’s a lot to be learned”与下文的“lessons”为同义复现。故选C。
17．标题“Give up control (放弃控制)”为中心句，建议放弃控制。结合选项，D项“As they grow up, you should let go (当他们长大后，你应该放手)”照应标题，当孩子长大，父母要学会放手。故选D。
18．下文“You never know when someone might get hurt or sick and make troubles in your plans. (你永远不知道什么时候有人会受伤或生病，给你的计划带来麻烦)”介绍养孩子时的突发状况。结合选项，B项“Kids come with unknown risks (孩子会带来未知的风险)”介绍孩子带来未知的风险，照应下文的突发状况，符合语境。故选B。
19．设空处为小标题。下文“But since we teach our kids to admit when they’ve made a mistake and apologize if they hurt someone, it’s important that we do the same when we make a mistake that hurts them. (但是，既然我们教育我们的孩子在犯了错误时要承认，如果他们伤害了别人要道歉，那么当我们犯了伤害他们的错误时，我们也要这样做，这很重要)”建议父母犯了伤害孩子的错误时，也应该承认错误。结合选项，A项“Admit your mistakes (承认自己错误)”照应下文，符合语境。故选A。
20．标题“Become more understanding and empathetic (共情的) (变得更加理解和同情)”为中心句，介绍当父母会让你变得更加理解和同情。结合选项，F项“That can help you develop your empathy (这可以帮助你培养同理心)”同是介绍当父母会培养同理心。照应标题，符合语境。故选F。

21．A 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．B 31．A 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．D 36．D 37．B 38．A 39．B 40．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者因为要除草决定养天竺鼠，但是当养了之后，它们带来的快乐和陪伴让作者更加喜爱它们，从而忘记了最初的目的。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友沙伦听说我在留心找天竺鼠，就给了我一个。A. lookout留心；B. go轮到的机会；C. scene现场；D. workout锻炼。根据前文“Recently I’d decided to get some guinea pigs (天竺鼠) as a way of getting rid of the wild grass”可知，我想得到一些天竺鼠，自然会留意这件事。固定搭配on the lookout“留意，留心”。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他的名字叫Tim Tam，”沙伦说，但我觉得这个名字似乎不适合他，所以我把它改成了Basil。A. carried携带；B. took带着；C. sent发送；D. changed改变。根据本句““His name is Tim Tam,””以及“Basil”可知，我把这只天竺鼠的名字从Tim Tam改变为Basil。故选D。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：天竺鼠是一种需要陪伴的社交宠物，所以Sharon又给我买了一只，我按着《口袋妖怪》中的角色给它命名Squirtle。A. friendly友好的；B. social社交的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. stupid愚蠢的。根据本句的定语从句“who need company”可知，天竺鼠需要陪伴，说明它是社交动物。故选B。
24．考查基数词词义辨析。句意：不久，又给了我三只天竺鼠。A. five五；B. four四；C. three三；D. two二。根据前文“gave me one”，“Sharon bought me another”以及下文“The five”可知，本来有一只，又给了一只，最后出现五只，所以5-2=3。故选C。
25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这五只天竺鼠相处得很好，有足够的空间一起探索农场。A. get out离开；B. get away逃脱；C. get along相处；D. get back回来。根据前文“Guinea pigs are 3 pets who need company”可知，它们是社交动物，所以彼此相处得好。故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“它们不是要除掉野草吗？”沙伦开玩笑说。A. shouted大喊；B. joked开玩笑；C. argued争论；D. explained解释。根据下文“I’d forgotten about the 8 of having them”可知，我忘记了养它们的目的，所以沙伦开玩笑地问我。故选B。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实是，这些宠物以它们的吸引力和温柔的天性轻易地赢得了我的心，以至于我忘记了养它们的目的。A. easily容易地；B. slowly慢慢地；C. early早地；D. hurriedly匆忙地。根据本句“I’d forgotten about the 8 of having them”可知，我忘记了养它们的目的，说明它们很容易地赢得了我的心。故选A。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实是，这些宠物以它们的吸引力和温柔的天性轻易地赢得了我的心，以至于我忘记了养它们的目的。A. decision决定；B. function功能；C. ability能力；D. purpose目的。根据前文“getting rid of the wild grass”可知，我养它们的目的是除草。故选D。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在成长过程中，我小时候养过不同的宠物，但天竺鼠很特别。A. classmates同学；B. hobbies爱好；C. pets宠物；D. friends朋友。根据前文“Truth was, these pets had won me”可知，我养了很多宠物，但是这个很容易地赢得了我的心。故选C。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们生性好奇，都很活跃，也很放松。A. quiet安静的；B. active活跃的；C. smart聪明的；D. brave勇敢的。根据下文“I was greeted by their whistles of excitement”可知，它们会兴奋地叽叽叫，说明它们很活跃。故选B。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次见到他们，我都会听到他们兴奋的口哨声。A. saw看见；B. walked走；C. left离开；D. approached接近。根据本句“I was greeted by their whistles of excitement”可知，它们会兴奋地叽叽叫，应是看到了我，说明我去见他们。故选A。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有他们陪伴，我感到非常幸运。A. company陪伴；B. progress进步；C. assistance帮助；D. conclusion总结。根据前文“I was greeted by their whistles of excitement”可知，它们陪伴我。故选A。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，我得到的越来越多，最终我得到了37只天竺鼠！A. passed通过；B. shown展示；C. given给；D. asked问。根据空处的被动语态以及本句“I eventually ended up with 37 guinea pigs”可知，我得到37只天竺鼠，所以我是被给予。故选C。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：意识到他们需要额外的空间，我开始建造小房子，有白色的栅栏，晾衣绳，用金属罐供他们玩耍。A. freedom自由；B. experience经历；C. help帮助；D. room空间。根据本句“I set about building small house”可知，我开始建造小房子，说明它们需要额外的空间。故选D。
35．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：当我反应过来，我已经为它们建了整个镇子！A. Before在……之前；B. While尽管；C. After在……之后；D. As当……时。根据主句和从句之间的语境可知，应是当我意识到的时候，我已经为它们建了一个镇子。故选D。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我挂起一块牌子，上面写着几内亚人的故乡几内亚谷，我为自己的工作感到自豪。A. signal信号；B. mark标记；C. symbol象征；D. sign指示牌。根据“which read Guinea Vale, home of the Guineas”可知，这是指示牌的内容，所以我挂了一个牌子。故选D。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我挂起一块牌子，上面写着几内亚人的故乡几内亚谷，我为自己的工作感到自豪。A. aware明白的；B. proud骄傲的；C. sure肯定的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据下文“When you do something, you really go at it at full speed”可知，沙伦也对我赞许，说明我做的很好，为自己骄傲。故选B。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当你做一件事的时候，你真的会全力以赴，不是吗？”她笑着说。A. laughed大笑；B. questioned质疑；C. complained抱怨；D. apologized道歉。根据前文“Sharon was amused.”可知，沙伦被逗乐了，所以是大笑着说。故选A。
39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老实说，欢迎这些宠物进入我的生活让我更快乐，知道世界各地的人们也能分享这种快乐是很有意义的。A. heavier更重的；B. happier更快乐的；C. wiser更聪明的；D. braver更勇敢的。根据下文“the joy”可知，我的人生因这些宠物而更快乐。故选B。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：老实说，欢迎这些宠物进入我的生活让我更快乐，知道世界各地的人们也能分享这种快乐是很有意义的。A. choose选择；B. express表达；C. share分享；D. determine决定。根据本句“people around the world”可知，全世界的人可以分享的快乐。故选C。

41．Located 42．are 43．making 44．who/that 45．while 46．leaves
47．with 48．actively 49．their 50．the

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乌镇附近的村庄马鸣村和海华村的传统乡村生活。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：马鸣村距离古老的水乡乌镇只有30分钟车程，但与乌镇完全不一样。句中有谓语is，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，be located at/in固定搭配，意为“位于”，主语Maming village和动词locate是被动关系，去掉be动词作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Located。
42．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人行道上没有明亮的彩灯。整篇文章描述马鸣村的情况，应用一般现在时，本剧是there be句型，主语lights是复数，be动词应用are，故填are。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：村庄里的时间似乎静止不动，对于想要体验乡村生活的旅行者来说，这是一个完美的一日游目的地。句中有谓语，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，表示顺其自然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语，故填making。
44．考查定语从句。句意：村庄里的时间似乎静止不动，对于想要体验乡村生活的旅行者来说，这是一个完美的一日游目的地。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词travelers，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that。
45．考查连词。句意：在桐乡，大多数人凌晨3点还在床上睡觉，而屠远清和他的父亲屠炳发已经起床了，他们在整理杯子、烧开水和准备茶叶。空前句子“大多数人凌晨3点还在床上睡觉”和空后句子“屠远清和他的父亲屠炳发已经起床了”是对比关系，应用连词while，表示“然而”，故填while。
46．考查名词的数。句意：在桐乡，大多数人凌晨3点还在床上睡觉，而屠远清和他的父亲屠炳发已经起床了，他们在整理杯子、烧开水和准备茶叶。leave是可数名词，前面无冠词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，故填leaves。
47．考查介词。句意：到了凌晨4点，这个地方有各种活动，当地的老年人，大多数是60岁以上的老人，一边喝茶、抽烟，一边彼此积极地聊天。be filled with固定搭配，意为“充满……”，故填with。
48．考查副词。句意：到了凌晨4点，这个地方有各种活动，当地的老年人，大多数是60岁以上的老人，一边喝茶、抽烟，一边彼此积极地聊天。此处应用副词actively修饰动词chat，作状语，故填actively。
49．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：这个老年人的茶话会在早上8点结束，这时村民们开始了他们一天的田野生活。此处应用形容词性物主代词their作定语，修饰名词day，故填their。
50．考查定冠词。句意：但是茶馆没有正式的关门时间——屠氏一家住在同一栋楼里。same前要加the，故填the。
51．1.short前加a
2.drive→driving
3.is→was
4.or→and
5.they→we
6.picking→picked
7.relaxed→relaxing
8.thing→things
9.meaningfully→meaningful
10.删除again

【导语】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了去年夏天，我们全家去乡下的一次短途旅行。
【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：去年夏天，我们全家进行了一次去乡下的短途旅行。此处泛指“一次短途旅行”，应用不定冠词来修饰，且short发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，故在short前加a。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：开车两个小时后，我们到达了一个山区湖泊。介词after后面应用动名词driving作宾语，故将drive改为driving。
3.考查时态。句意：这里的风景令人叹为观止。由上文Last summer可知，整件事发生在过去，应用一般过去时，主语是the scenery，be动词应用was，故将is改为was。
4.考查连词。句意：我们徒步旅行，野餐，在湖里游泳。“徒步旅行”，“野餐”和“在湖里游泳”是并列关系，而非选择关系，应用连词and，故将or改为and。
5.考查代词。句意：第二天，我们参观了一个村庄，在农舍吃饭，摘水果。整个文章以第一人称来叙述的，此处应用we作主语，故将they改为we。
6.考查谓语动词。句意：第二天，我们参观了一个村庄，在农舍吃饭，摘水果。and前后连接并列谓语动词visited，ate，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时所以应用pick的过去式，故将picking改为picked。
7.考查形容词。句意：虽然时间很短，但很放松。此处修饰物，应用-ing结尾的形容词relaxing，表示“令人放松的”，relaxed意为“放松的”，修饰人，不合句意，故将relaxed改为relaxing。
8.考查名词的数。句意：旅行和尝试一些新的东西使家庭旅行有意义和难忘。thing是可数名词，由some可知，应用复数形式，故将thing改为things。
9.考查形容词。句意：旅行和尝试一些新的东西使家庭旅行有意义和难忘。此处应用形容词meaningful作宾语补足语，表示“有意义的”，故将meaningfully改为meaningful。
10.考查副词。句意：我多么期待在不久的将来再来一次这样的旅行啊！one more+名词，表示“再一个……”，again也表示“再一次”。此处二者意思上是重复的。故删除again。
52．Respectable teachers, boys and girls, good afternoon!
   There is no doubt that active interaction in class contributes to more enthusiasm for learning English and greater academic performance. However, currently, this is rarely to be seen in our English classes due to too serious learning atmosphere and too much teacher talking time. To maximize the interaction in class, first of all, encourage a friendly classroom atmosphere, which helps ease students’ pressure to interact with the teacher. To this end, the teacher can share some jokes or fun English idioms at the beginning of class. Secondly, make good use of student grouping and discussion because this can increase opportunities for STT(student talking time). Furthermore, ask questions rather than giving explanations, allowing students to think and speak.
   That’s all. Thanks for your attention.

【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇关于提高课堂互动积极性的发言稿，要求写出互动不积极的原因，提出建议并说明理由。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
有助于：contribute to→ be beneficial to
然而：however→ nevertheless
由于：due to→ owing to/ because of
首先：first of all→ at first
缓解：ease→ alleviate
好好利用：make good use of→ take advantage of.
机会：opportunity→ chance
此外：furthermore→ besides
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Furthermore, ask questions rather than giving explanations, allowing students to think and speak.
拓展句：Furthermore, ask questions rather than giving explanations, which allows students to think and speak.
【点睛】【高分句型1】There is no doubt that active interaction in class contributes to more enthusiasm for learning English and greater academic performance. （运用了that引导的同位语从句）
【高分句型2】To maximize the interaction in class, first of all, encourage a friendly classroom atmosphere, which helps ease students’ pressure to interact with the teacher. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型3】Secondly, make good use of student grouping and discussion because this can increase opportunities for STT(student talking time).（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）