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高中英语Unit 4 Body Language教学设计
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这是一份高中英语Unit 4 Body Language教学设计，共26页。教案主要包含了教材原句，同义句替换，语境感知，用法小结，考点运用，例句仿写，近义短语等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2019新人教高中英语选择性必修一
Unit4 Learning About Vocabulary词汇教学教案
Teaching aims:
1.Enable students to further understand the usages of such important words and expressions as interaction ,vary ,approve ,witness ,employ ,favour ,break down ,reliable ,in other words ,tendency ,occupy ,distinguish ,anxiety and learn to express yourselves by using them.
2.Learn to use the right collocation between adjectives and nouns,verbs and their objects.
3.Use what you have learned into writing.
Teaching key points:
1. Help students to learn the bold words and expressions of the unit.
2. Exercise are designed to assist students to express themselves freely in English.
Teaching difficult points:
1. How to use the words and phrases in real situations.
Step ⅠRevision
Fast translation
1.使用肢体语言时,最重要的是要符合你所处的文化。
______________________________________________________
2.在巴西和德国,你应该避免使用OK这个手势,因为这是一个被视为不礼貌的手势。
_______________________________________________________
3.微笑可以帮助我们摆脱困境,并在陌生的世界里找到朋友。
________________________________________________________
Suggested answers:
1.The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.
2.In Brazil and Germany,you should avoid using the gesture for “OK”,as it is not considered polite.
3.A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.
StepⅡSelf-directed study—Word Formation
In your self-study time,please find out the relative forms of the following words and at the same time,make out their meanings by referring to the dictionary or reference books.
1.interact→n.
2.demonstrate→n.
3.vary→adj.
4.employ→n.
5.appropriate→adv.
6.differ→adj.
7.approve→n.
8.favour→adj.
9.infer→n.
10.anxiety→adj.
11.anger→adj.
12.embarrassed→n.
13.reliable→vi.
14.inquire→n.
15.slight→adv.
16.ultimately→adj.
17.assess→n.
18.adjust→n.
19.straight→vt.
20.react→n.
21.educator→vt.
22.distract→n.
23.tendency→vi.
24.merely→adj.
Suggested answers:
1.interaction 2.demonstration 3.various 4.employment 5.appropriately 6.different 7.approval 8.favourable 9.inference 10.anxious 11.angry 12.embarrassment 13.rely 14.inquiry 15.slightly 16.ultimate 17.assessment 18.adjustment 19.straighten 20.reaction 21.educate 22.distraction 23.tend 24.mere
Step Ⅲ Collocations
1.body language 肢体语言
2.have the opposite meaning 意义相反
3.hold one’s arms 双手抱臂
4.shake hands 握手
5.be appropriate to 适合于
6.bow from the waist 从腰部鞠躬
7.make eye contact 眼神交流
8.get through渡过
9.look into one’s eyes直视某人的眼睛
10.break down barriers 打破隔阂
11.display interest 表示兴趣
12.feel down 感到沮丧
13.by contrast 相比之下
14.tend to do sth 倾向于干某事
15.approve of 赞同;许可
16.make sense有意义
17.look down 目光下垂
18.make a joke开玩笑
19.shake one’s head 摇头
StepⅣ Usage of important words and phrases.
In the following part,we’ll study the usage of the words and phrases.
1.Interaction n.交流;相互影响
【教材原句】
We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people.
在与他人的交往中,我们用话语和肢体语言来表达自己的思想和观点。
【同义句替换】
We communicate with others by using words and body language.
【语境感知】
Mark Twain is well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people.
I like the comedy because of the way they interact with one another.
I believe the Internet has made media more interactive.
After the speech was over,we can have interactions with Professor Smith.
【用法小结】
interact with sb 和……交流/互动
have interactions with sb和……交流/互动
interactive adj.互动的;交互的
【考点运用】
(1)在课堂上,老师应该多创造机会和孩子们互动。
_________________________________________________________________
(2)玛丽和班上其他的孩子们相处得很好。
_________________________________________________________________
【例句仿写】
我们有时候用眼神和别人交流。
__________________________________________________________________
Suggested answers:
（1）In class, the teacher should create more opportunities to interact with students.
（2）Mary interacted with other children very well in class.
Sometimes we have interactions with others by using eye contact.
2.varyvi.变化;改变
【教材原句】
Just like spoken language,body language varies from culture to culture.
不同的文化有着不同的肢体语言,这与口头语言相似。
【同义句替换】
Body language is cultural-specific and so is spoken language.
【语境感知】
Changes in price normally vary with the changes of supply and need.
Though Mary and Jane are twins,they vary in character.
A variety of books are available in the bookshop of our city.
I also shop for various things online,such as books,computer hardware and other necessities.
In the UK and the US,senior high school students take part in various after-school activities,such as club activities and volunteer work.
【用法小结】
vary in sth 在某方面不同
vary with...随着……的变化而变化
vary from...to...从……到……不同
various adj.各种不同的
a variety of/varieties of 各种各样的
【考点运用】
(1)For (vary) reasons,he didn’t turn up at our English evening party last night.
(2) The goods in the supermarket vary size,color as well as price.
(3) More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC,with many seeking employment in engineering,aviation,education,medicine and a wide (various) of other professions.
(4)The variety of the books in the library of Beijing University (be) astonishing.
Suggested answers:(1)various (2)in (3)variety (4)is
【例句仿写】
手势“OK”在不同的文化中意思各不相同。
The gesture for “OK” varies in different cultures.
3.approve vi.赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过
【教材原句】
In other countries,by contrast,eye contact is not always approved of.
相反,在另一些国家,眼神交流并不总是认可。
【同义句替换】
By comparison,it is not considered appropriate to make eye contact in other countries.
【语境感知】
I approve of your trying to earn some money,but please don’t ignore your studies.She desperately wanted to win her father’s approval.
At first,people approved of Galilei’s studies and urged him to continue,but later when he proved Aristotle wrong,they grew angry and put him in prison.
【用法小结】
approve of sb/sb’s doing sth 同意某人做某事
approval n.认可;赞成;同意
disapprove of sb/sb’s doing sth 不同意某人做某事
disapproval n.不赞成;反对
【考点运用】
(1)She doesn’t approve our decision,which makes us upset.
(2)I hope that these arrangements will meet with your (approve).
Suggested answers:
(1)of (2)approval
【例句仿写】
相比之下,在巴西和德国,使用OK手势是不被认可的。
By comparison,using the gesture for “OK” is not approved of in Brazil and Germany.
4.witness vt.当场看到;目击 n.目击者;证人
【教材原句】
In Japan,someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.
在日本,一个人看到另外一个人使用这个手势,可能会认为这表示金钱。
【同义句替换】
In Japan,when one person sees another person using the gesture,he or she is likely to think it refers to money.
【语境感知】
These art works bear witness to the creativeness of the Chinese people.
You didn’t witness the wonders I beheld.
Some sites are bringing the news directly from the people who are experiencing or witnessing it,on the spot of a car accident for example.
【用法小结】
a witness to sth 某事的证人/证明
bear /give witness to sth 为……作证
witness to sth/ doing sth 证明某事
【考点运用】
(1)The driver witnessed to (see) the man enter the building.
(2)However,her children have learned an important lesson (witness) their mother earn her degree.
(3)她的健康是治疗成功的见证。(翻译句子)
Suggested answers:
(1)seeing (2)witnessing
(3)His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment.
【例句仿写】
在法国,一个人看到另一个人用“OK”这个手势,她或他会认为这表示“零”。
In France,when one person witnesses another person using the gesture for“OK”,he will think it means zero.
5.employ vt.使用;应用;雇用
【教材原句】
In Japan,someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.
在日本,一个人看到另外一个人使用这个手势,可能会认为这表示金钱。
【同义句替换】
In Japan,when one person sees another person using the gesture,he or she is likely to think it refers to money.
【语境感知】
The manager employed the girl as his assistant.
After graduation,Cathy was employed to take care of the old in the nursing home.
Employed in an important meeting,he has no time to go back home.
In some companies,employees can work from home,or the park or anywhere they like.
Professor Salovey,who invented the term EQ,gives the following description:at work,it is IQ that gets you employed,but it is EQ that gets you promoted.
【用法小结】
employ sb as.../to do...雇某人当……/做……
be employed in (doing) sth/employ oneself in (doing) sth花时间干(做)某事;忙于(做)某事
【考点运用】
(1) (employ) in teaching,he has no time to take care of his family,which makes his wife upset.
(2)The zoo wanted to employ more people (keep) it running.
6.favour vt.较喜欢;选择;有利于n.[C]帮助;恩惠[U]赞同;偏爱
Suggested answers:(1)Employed (2)to keep
【教材原句】
Elsewhere,people favour shaking hands,bowing from the waist,or nodding the head when they meet someone else.
在其他地区,与别人见面时,人们更喜欢握手、鞠躬或点头。
【同义句替换】
People prefer to shake hands,bow from the waist or nod the head when meeting someone else in other parts of the world.
【语境感知】
The current economy does not favour the development of small businesses.
I would never ask for any favours from her.
As a special favour,I’ll let you stay up late tonight.
Can you do me a favour and find out what’s going on?
In addition to blogging,taking photos and writing articles about the reef,he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favour of its defence.
【用法小结】
in favour of 支持,赞同
in one’s favour 对某人有利
owe sb a favour 欠某人一个人情
return the favour 报答
ask sb a favour (=ask a favour of sb) 请某人帮忙
do sb a favour (=do a favour for sb) 帮某人一个忙
【考点运用】
(1)Opportunity (favour) those with a curious mind.
(2)Those present at the meeting were favor of the decision.
【例句仿写】
在有些地方,人们喜欢见面的时候拥抱。
Suggested answers:
(1)favours (2)in
【例句仿写】
In some places,people favour hugging each other when they meet.
7.break down消除;分解;打破;出故障;抛锚;失败;崩溃;垮掉
【教材原句】
A smile can break down barriers.
微笑可以打破隔阂。
【同义句替换】
A smile can make the problems between people disappear.
【语境感知】
Our car broke down and we had to draw it to a garage.
His health broke down under the pressure of work.
Talks between the two sides have broken down.
Scott left on 1 November and soon had problems.First,his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.
【考点运用】
(1)Her friends came to help her when the war broke .
(2)Burglars broke the house when the owner was away on holiday.
Suggested answers:(1)out (2)into
8.reliable adj.可靠的;可信赖的
【教材原句】
Which is a more reliable guide for understanding someone’s feelings,their body language or the words they speak?
哪一种方式更能帮助我们理解别人的感受:他们的肢体语言还是他们说的话语?
【同义句替换】
Which way of communication can help us to understand someone’s feelings better,their body language or their words?
【语境感知】
Tom is clever while Jack is honest and reliable.
Learn to rely on yourself first,then others.
We have to rely on him to make the design.
You can rely on it that he will help you.
For accurate and reliable predictions,it’s best to check an official,scientific report.
【用法小结】
rely v.依赖;依靠
rely on/upon=depend on/upon=count on/upon 依靠;依赖
rely on/upon sb to do sth 指望某人做某事
rely on/upon it+that从句 指望/相信……
【考点运用】
(1)The young man is honest,cooperative and always there when you need his help.In short,he is (rely).
(2)These days,we rely heavily computers to organize our work.
【例句仿写】
日本人见面的时候更喜欢用哪一种方式表示问候?鞠躬还是亲吻脸颊?
Suggested answers:
(1)reliable (2)on
【例句仿写】
Which way do Japanese prefer to use to show their greetings when they meet,bowing or kissing on the cheek?
9.tendency n. 趋势;倾向
【教材原句】
People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in.
人们在对某个事物感兴趣时,往往会身体前倾。
【同义句替换】
People are more likely to lean towards something when they show interest in it.
【语境感知】
While I tend to buy a lot of books,these three were given to me as gifts.
People tend to get together with their families in the week-long holiday.
He has a tendency to forget things.
On social media sites,people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.
【用法小结】
tend v.往往会;趋向;倾向;照料;照管;护理
tend to do sth 往往会发生某事;易于做某事
tend (to) sb/sth 照料/照管某人/某事
【考点运用】
(1)When I am tired,I tend (make) mistakes.
(2)Wool has a (tend) to shrink if it gets wet.
【例句仿写】
当一个学生在课堂上感到无聊时,他往往会东张西望。
Suggested answers:
(1)to make (2)tendency
【例句仿写】
When a student feels bored in class,he will have a tendency to look around.
10.occupy vt.占据(空间); 占用(时间)
【教材原句】
With their chins on their hands,they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.
他们用手托着下巴,全神贯注地盯着窗外或天花板。
【同义句替换】
Their chins resting on their hands,they engaged themselves in looking out of the window attentively or up at the ceiling.
【语境感知】
Reading occupies most of my free time.
The enemy soon occupied the town.
She occupied herself with routine office tasks.
I know you have had lots to occupy your time,so you probably didn’t have time to watch the football match between Manchester United and Liverpool tonight.
【用法小结】
occupation n.[C]职业[U]占用
occupied adj.忙于……的;被占领的
be occupied with (=be busy with) 忙于……
be occupied (in) doing sth (=be busy in doing sth) 忙于做某事
【近义短语】
be engaged in doing sth
be busy in doing sth
be buried in doing sth
【考点运用】
(1)They have been (occupy) in preparing for their 50th wedding anniversary in the past two weeks.
(2)Please list your age,name and (occupy) on the application form.
(3)Many of us equate “commitment” with such “caring” (occupy) as teaching and nursing.
【例句仿写】
脸上一副茫然的表情,有些同学在全神贯注地想入非非。
Suggested answers:
(1)occupied (2)occupation (3)occupations
【例句仿写】
With blank expressions on their faces,some students are occupied in letting their minds wandering.
11.stare vi.盯着看;凝视 n.凝视
【教材原句】
With their chins on their hands,they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.
他们用手托着下巴,全神贯注地盯着窗外或天花板。
【同义句替换】
Their chins resting on their hands,they engaged themselves in looking out of the window attentively or up at the ceiling
【语境感知】
Generally,it’s considered rude to stare at people.
She gave him a blank stare.
With water falling off its thick,brown hair,the bear stared back at me.
【近义短语】
gaze at...盯着……看
glare at sb 怒目而视
【考点运用】
(1)I the door and wondered why she didn’t appear.
我盯着门口看,想知道他为什么没有出现。
(2)He didn’t shout;he just me silently.
他没有喊叫,只是默默地怒视着我。
Suggested answers:(1)stared at (2)glared at
12.distinguish v.&vt.区分;辨别
【教材原句】
While it is easy to perceive when students are interested,bored,or distracted,it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.
尽管学生们何时对讲课感兴趣,何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的,但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。
【同义句替换】
Although it is not difficult to realize when students show interest,feel dull or fail to concentrate on study,it is a tough task to tell when students meet with trouble.
【语境感知】
Sometimes reality and fantasy are hard to distinguish.
Over the next few years he distinguished himself as a leading constitutional scholar.
The solar rays shone through the watery mass easily,and consumed all colour,and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.
【用法小结】
distinguish (between)A and B/distinguish A from B区分/辨别/分清A和B
distinguish oneself (as sth) 使出众;使著名;使受人青睐
distinguished adj.卓越的;杰出的;显得重要的;高贵的
【考点运用】
(1)The man for a major breakthrough in the treatment of cancer.
这个人因其在治疗癌症方面有了重大突破而扬名。
(2)True adults are able to what they have to do and what they want to do.
真正的成年人能辨别出什么是他们该做的事和什么是他们想做的事。
【例句仿写】
尽管老师从学生的面部表情可以了解他们在课堂上的感受,但是洞察他们的想法还是有点难度。
Suggested answers：
(1)distinguished himself (2)distinguish between
【例句仿写】
While teachers can be aware of how students feel in class by observing their expressions on their faces,it is still a little tough to distinguish what they think.
13.anxiety n.焦虑;担心;害怕
【教材原句】
Students who are angry,afraid,or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed,like they are guarding their bodies.
愤怒、害怕或焦虑的学生会双臂交叉放在他们的胸前,双腿并拢或交叉,像是在保护自己的身体。
【同义句替换】
When students feel annoyed,frightened or anxious,they are likely to cross their arms in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed.It looks as if they are defending themselves.
【语境感知】
There is growing public anxiety over levels of air pollution in our city.
Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview.
The farmers are more anxious for rain than the people in the city because it is more important to them.
Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring.
Research shows that laughing has significant benefits;it can relieve stress and anxiety.
【用法小结】
anxious adj.焦虑的;担心的;不安的;渴望的;急切的
be anxious about sth/for sb 为某事/某人担心
be anxious to do sth 渴望做某事
be anxious for sth 渴望得到某物
be anxious for sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事
【考点运用】
(1)It’s thought that one’s (anxious)often occurs as a result of his unsuccessful adaptation to the new surroundings.
(2)The audience is waiting (anxious) to see which team will win.
【例句仿写】
缺乏自信的学生回答问题时低着头,好像害怕把自己暴露在众人面前。
Suggested answers:
(1)anxiety (2)anxiously
【例句仿写】
The students who lack confidence lower their head when answering the questions.It seems as if they are afraid of showing themselves in front of their classmates.
14.embarrassed adj.难堪的;尴尬的
【教材原句】
They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.
他们也会双手捂脸,一副尴尬或羞愧的样子。
【同义句替换】
They may bury their faces in their hands,looking awkward or ashamed.
【语境感知】
She is embarrassed about her height.
He felt embarrassed at being the centre of attention.
Some women are too embarrassed to consult their doctor about the problem.
I didn’t want to embarrass her in front of her friends.
It’s not a good idea to criticize someone in front of others.This can cause embarrassment.
【用法小结】
be/feel embarrassed about/at...因……而窘迫;因……尴尬
be embarrassed to do sth 不好意思做某事
embarrass vt.使尴尬;使窘迫
It embarrasses/embarrassed sb to do sth 做某事使某人尴尬
embarrassing adj.使人难堪的;令人尴尬的;令人害羞的
embarrassment n.尴尬;难堪;困境;令人为难的事;让人尴尬的人
【考点运用】
(1)He was (embarrass) to admit his mistake.
(2)His speech was followed by an (embarrass) silence.
【例句仿写】
有些学生可能不看老师,一副不喜欢老师的样子。
Suggested answers：
(1)embarrassed (2)embarrassing
【例句仿写】
Some students may not look at the teacher in the eye like they are not fond of their teacher.
15.ashamed adj.羞愧;惭愧
【教材原句】
They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.
他们也会双手捂脸,一副尴尬或羞愧的样子。
【同义句替换】
They may bury their faces in their hands,looking awkward or ashamed.
【语境感知】
You should be ashamed of yourself for telling such lies.
I was too ashamed to tell her that I had failed.
Was he ashamed of having a friend like me?Bob longed for an answer.
【用法小结】
be/feel ashamed of (doing)sth 因(做)某事而感到羞愧
be/feel ashamed of yourself 为自己感到惭愧
be/feel ashamed to do sth 不好意思做某事;因做某事而感到难为情
【考点运用】
(1)He was so ashamed his bad behaviour.
(2)He was ashamed (ask) such a simple question.
Suggested answers:
(1)of (2)to ask
16.bother vi.& vt.费心;麻烦;因……操心 n.麻烦;不便
【教材原句】
However,if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping,then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work.
但是,要是学生都懒得梳头,并且两眼因哭泣而发红,那么我能够推断她遇到了更为严重的问题。
【同义句替换】
I can realize that the student gets into trouble if he or she is unwilling to brush her hair and her eyes are red because she cries.
【语境感知】
It bothers me that he seems to take no interest in his work.
I’m sorry to have put you to all this bother.
Drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick up.
She added that it wasn’t only the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them,but also the way he cleaned his fish tanks.
【用法小结】
bother with/about...为……而费心
bother doing/to do sth 费心做某事
bother sb with/about sth 让某人为某事烦恼
It bothers sb that...……使某人烦恼
It bothers sb to do sth 做某事使某人烦恼
【考点运用】
(1)He didn’t want to bother her those problems when she was on holiday.
(2) bothers me a lot that my best friend Tom has become addicted to playing computer games recently.
【例句仿写】
如果一个学生不愿意跟任何人交流,那么我可以判断他可能遇到大麻烦了。
Suggested answer:
(1)with (2)It
【例句仿写】
If a student is unwilling to communicate with anyone,then I can draw the conclusion that he may get into big trouble.
17.in other words换句话说;也就是说
【语境感知】
New research has found that animals have memories,too.In other words,they might be much cleverer than we thought.
You can organize your work or studies.In other words,you can make a list and do all the important things first.
【用法小结】
in a word 简言之;总之
keep/break one?s word 遵守/违背某人的诺言
have a word with sb 与某人交谈
word for word 逐字地
Word came that...消息传来……(word 意为“消息”时,为不可数名词)
【考点运用】
(1) ,I love my school.I find my school life more and more meaningful and colourful.
总之,我爱我的学校。我发现我的学校生活越来越有意义,越来越多姿多彩。
(2)He failed to hold back his tears when his father passed away.
听到父亲去世的消息,他忍不住流下了眼泪。
Suggested answers:
(1)In a word (2)word came that
18.by comparison 与……相比较
【教材原句】
By comparison,in Bulgaria and southern Albania,the gestures have the opposite meaning.
相比之下,在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚南部,这两个手势的含义正好相反。
【同义句替换】
By contrast,the gestures in Bulgaria and southern Albania are contrary to those in other countries.
【语境感知】
In comparison with last year,the price of beef has increased.
In comparison with other species,cloning primates has proved to be “much harder”.
Mike’s new house is like a huge palace,compared to his old one.
I often compare what I think with others’ opinions.
【用法小结】
in /by comparison with 与……比较
compare...with 将……与……作比较
compared to/ with 与……相较
【考点运用】
(1)In the forest,sound is a better means of communication over distance in (compare) with light.
(2)Lily does well in her studies,especially in maths and English.No one in our class can compare her.
【例句仿写】
相比之下,有些学生渴望在同学们面前表现自己。
Suggested answers:
(1)comparison (2)with
【例句仿写】
By comparison,some students are eager to show themselves in front of their classmates.
19.call on (短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请
【教材原句】
We intended to visit the theme park but ended up calling on Professor Zhang.
我们原本打算参观主题公园,但最后拜访了张教授。
【同义句替换】
We had planned to visit the theme park but at last we paid a visit to Professor Zhang.
【语境感知】
I am going to call on one of my former college classmates this weekend.
Not knowing his address,I can’t call on him.
Now,let’s call on the chairman to address the meeting.
【用法小结】
call on 短暂访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请
call on sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事
call at 访问某地
call for 需要
call off 取消
call back 回电话
【近义短语】
drop in on 顺道拜访
pay a visit to 访问;参观
【考点运用】
(1)如果周末有空的话,我会去拜访你。
(2)政府号召我们过低碳生活。
Suggested answers:
(1)If I am available at weekends,I will call on you.
(2)Our government calls on us to lead a low-carbon life.
20.adjust vt.调整;调节 vi.&vt.适应; (使)习惯
【教材原句】
Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities,when to intervene,and when to talk to students individually,so they can all get the most out of school.
他们的肢体语言让我知道该何时调整课堂活动,何时干预并何时与学生单独谈话,从而让他们在校收获最大。
【语境感知】
However,we will adjust the influence.
When Riley moves to a new city,she has a hard time adjusting to her new surroundings.
【用法小结】
adjust to (doing) sth 适应(做)某事
adjust oneself to (doing) sth 使自己适应(做)某事
make an adjustment 作出调整
【考点运用】
(1)My parents had trouble adjusting to (live) in an apartment.
(2)The seats are (adjust);that is to say,you can adjust them to a certain angle or height.
【例句仿写】
教师应该多观察学生在课堂上的肢体语言,以便更好地了解学生。
Suggested answers:
(1)living (2)adjustable
【例句仿写】
Teachers should spend more time observing the students’ body language in class so that they can have a better understanding of the students.
Part Ⅴ 巩固提升
Ⅰ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.We will meet with a large number of people, (vary)from the old to the young.
2.The company gave its (approve) to his application.
3.From the appearance,we cannot tell the (differ) between the twins.
4.He stood there favour of his father.
5.Many graduates (employ) in the electronics and computing industries now.
6.The junior clerk was alarmed when he (witness) the robbery in his office.
Ⅱ.根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子。
1.The government (赞同)the idea that pollution should be forbidden.
2.The past five years (见证)great changes in our hometown.
3.He was (忙于) making a list of all the work to be done.
4.I am not good at expressing myself. (相比之下),I am better at thinking indeed.
5.I am (支持) your suggestion that we should spend more time on this subject.
Ⅲ.语法填空
1.Some students don’t have a (rely) car,while others have to share vehicles with parents who work six days a week.
2.We are often ashamed our shortcomings,our mistakes and our failures.
3.While I tend (buy) a lot of books,these three were given to me as gifts.
4.The parents were asked to (interaction) with their children as normally would.
5.Seeing her father’s face turn red with (angry),the little girl slipped out of the house in silence.
6.The two animals come from the same family but differ body shape.
Ⅳ.短语填空
by comparison approve of break down
in other words call on
1.Her car on the way to work.
2. ,he was much more frank.
3.The girl’s mother didn’t her going abroad for further study.
4.He is such a man that he can’t always keep his word. ,he always breaks his word.
5.They people to take measures to fight against it.
Suggested answers:
Ⅰ.1.varying 2.approval 3.difference 4.in 5.are employed 6.witnessed
Ⅱ.1.approved of 2.have witnessed 3.occupied in
4.By comparison 5.in favour of
Ⅲ.1.reliable 2.of 3.to buy 4.interact 5.anger 6.in
Ⅳ.1.broke down 2.By comparison 3.approve of 4.In other words 5.call on
2019新人教高中英语选择性必修一
Unit4 Learning About Vocabulary词汇教学教案
Teaching aims:
1.Enable students to further understand the usages of such important words and expressions as interaction ,vary ,approve ,witness ,employ ,favour ,break down ,reliable ,in other words ,tendency ,occupy ,distinguish ,anxiety and learn to express yourselves by using them.
2.Learn to use the right collocation between adjectives and nouns,verbs and their objects.
3.Use what you have learned into writing.
Teaching key points:
1. Help students to learn the bold words and expressions of the unit.
2. Exercise are designed to assist students to express themselves freely in English.
Teaching difficult points:
1. How to use the words and phrases in real situations.
Step ⅠRevision
Fast translation
1.使用肢体语言时,最重要的是要符合你所处的文化。
______________________________________________________
2.在巴西和德国,你应该避免使用OK这个手势,因为这是一个被视为不礼貌的手势。
_______________________________________________________
3.微笑可以帮助我们摆脱困境,并在陌生的世界里找到朋友。
________________________________________________________
Suggested answers:
1.The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.
2.In Brazil and Germany,you should avoid using the gesture for “OK”,as it is not considered polite.
3.A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.
StepⅡSelf-directed study—Word Formation
In your self-study time,please find out the relative forms of the following words and at the same time,make out their meanings by referring to the dictionary or reference books.
1.interact→n.
2.demonstrate→n.
3.vary→adj.
4.employ→n.
5.appropriate→adv.
6.differ→adj.
7.approve→n.
8.favour→adj.
9.infer→n.
10.anxiety→adj.
11.anger→adj.
12.embarrassed→n.
13.reliable→vi.
14.inquire→n.
15.slight→adv.
16.ultimately→adj.
17.assess→n.
18.adjust→n.
19.straight→vt.
20.react→n.
21.educator→vt.
22.distract→n.
23.tendency→vi.
24.merely→adj.
Suggested answers:
1.interaction 2.demonstration 3.various 4.employment 5.appropriately 6.different 7.approval 8.favourable 9.inference 10.anxious 11.angry 12.embarrassment 13.rely 14.inquiry 15.slightly 16.ultimate 17.assessment 18.adjustment 19.straighten 20.reaction 21.educate 22.distraction 23.tend 24.mere
Step Ⅲ Collocations
1.body language 肢体语言
2.have the opposite meaning 意义相反
3.hold one’s arms 双手抱臂
4.shake hands 握手
5.be appropriate to 适合于
6.bow from the waist 从腰部鞠躬
7.make eye contact 眼神交流
8.get through渡过
9.look into one’s eyes直视某人的眼睛
10.break down barriers 打破隔阂
11.display interest 表示兴趣
12.feel down 感到沮丧
13.by contrast 相比之下
14.tend to do sth 倾向于干某事
15.approve of 赞同;许可
16.make sense有意义
17.look down 目光下垂
18.make a joke开玩笑
19.shake one’s head 摇头
StepⅣ Usage of important words and phrases.
In the following part,we’ll study the usage of the words and phrases.
1.Interaction n.交流;相互影响
【教材原句】
We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people.
在与他人的交往中,我们用话语和肢体语言来表达自己的思想和观点。
【同义句替换】
We communicate with others by using words and body language.
【语境感知】
Mark Twain is well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people.
I like the comedy because of the way they interact with one another.
I believe the Internet has made media more interactive.
After the speech was over,we can have interactions with Professor Smith.
【用法小结】
interact with sb 和……交流/互动
have interactions with sb和……交流/互动
interactive adj.互动的;交互的
【考点运用】
(1)在课堂上,老师应该多创造机会和孩子们互动。
_________________________________________________________________
(2)玛丽和班上其他的孩子们相处得很好。
_________________________________________________________________
【例句仿写】
我们有时候用眼神和别人交流。
__________________________________________________________________
Suggested answers:
（1）In class, the teacher should create more opportunities to interact with students.
（2）Mary interacted with other children very well in class.
Sometimes we have interactions with others by using eye contact.
2.varyvi.变化;改变
【教材原句】
Just like spoken language,body language varies from culture to culture.
不同的文化有着不同的肢体语言,这与口头语言相似。
【同义句替换】
Body language is cultural-specific and so is spoken language.
【语境感知】
Changes in price normally vary with the changes of supply and need.
Though Mary and Jane are twins,they vary in character.
A variety of books are available in the bookshop of our city.
I also shop for various things online,such as books,computer hardware and other necessities.
In the UK and the US,senior high school students take part in various after-school activities,such as club activities and volunteer work.
【用法小结】
vary in sth 在某方面不同
vary with...随着……的变化而变化
vary from...to...从……到……不同
various adj.各种不同的
a variety of/varieties of 各种各样的
【考点运用】
(1)For (vary) reasons,he didn’t turn up at our English evening party last night.
(2) The goods in the supermarket vary size,color as well as price.
(3) More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC,with many seeking employment in engineering,aviation,education,medicine and a wide (various) of other professions.
(4)The variety of the books in the library of Beijing University (be) astonishing.
Suggested answers:(1)various (2)in (3)variety (4)is
【例句仿写】
手势“OK”在不同的文化中意思各不相同。
The gesture for “OK” varies in different cultures.
3.approve vi.赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过
【教材原句】
In other countries,by contrast,eye contact is not always approved of.
相反,在另一些国家,眼神交流并不总是认可。
【同义句替换】
By comparison,it is not considered appropriate to make eye contact in other countries.
【语境感知】
I approve of your trying to earn some money,but please don’t ignore your studies.She desperately wanted to win her father’s approval.
At first,people approved of Galilei’s studies and urged him to continue,but later when he proved Aristotle wrong,they grew angry and put him in prison.
【用法小结】
approve of sb/sb’s doing sth 同意某人做某事
approval n.认可;赞成;同意
disapprove of sb/sb’s doing sth 不同意某人做某事
disapproval n.不赞成;反对
【考点运用】
(1)She doesn’t approve our decision,which makes us upset.
(2)I hope that these arrangements will meet with your (approve).
Suggested answers:
(1)of (2)approval
【例句仿写】
相比之下,在巴西和德国,使用OK手势是不被认可的。
By comparison,using the gesture for “OK” is not approved of in Brazil and Germany.
4.witness vt.当场看到;目击 n.目击者;证人
【教材原句】
In Japan,someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.
在日本,一个人看到另外一个人使用这个手势,可能会认为这表示金钱。
【同义句替换】
In Japan,when one person sees another person using the gesture,he or she is likely to think it refers to money.
【语境感知】
These art works bear witness to the creativeness of the Chinese people.
You didn’t witness the wonders I beheld.
Some sites are bringing the news directly from the people who are experiencing or witnessing it,on the spot of a car accident for example.
【用法小结】
a witness to sth 某事的证人/证明
bear /give witness to sth 为……作证
witness to sth/ doing sth 证明某事
【考点运用】
(1)The driver witnessed to (see) the man enter the building.
(2)However,her children have learned an important lesson (witness) their mother earn her degree.
(3)她的健康是治疗成功的见证。(翻译句子)
Suggested answers:
(1)seeing (2)witnessing
(3)His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment.
【例句仿写】
在法国,一个人看到另一个人用“OK”这个手势,她或他会认为这表示“零”。
In France,when one person witnesses another person using the gesture for“OK”,he will think it means zero.
5.employ vt.使用;应用;雇用
【教材原句】
In Japan,someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.
在日本,一个人看到另外一个人使用这个手势,可能会认为这表示金钱。
【同义句替换】
In Japan,when one person sees another person using the gesture,he or she is likely to think it refers to money.
【语境感知】
The manager employed the girl as his assistant.
After graduation,Cathy was employed to take care of the old in the nursing home.
Employed in an important meeting,he has no time to go back home.
In some companies,employees can work from home,or the park or anywhere they like.
Professor Salovey,who invented the term EQ,gives the following description:at work,it is IQ that gets you employed,but it is EQ that gets you promoted.
【用法小结】
employ sb as.../to do...雇某人当……/做……
be employed in (doing) sth/employ oneself in (doing) sth花时间干(做)某事;忙于(做)某事
【考点运用】
(1) (employ) in teaching,he has no time to take care of his family,which makes his wife upset.
(2)The zoo wanted to employ more people (keep) it running.
6.favour vt.较喜欢;选择;有利于n.[C]帮助;恩惠[U]赞同;偏爱
Suggested answers:(1)Employed (2)to keep
【教材原句】
Elsewhere,people favour shaking hands,bowing from the waist,or nodding the head when they meet someone else.
在其他地区,与别人见面时,人们更喜欢握手、鞠躬或点头。
【同义句替换】
People prefer to shake hands,bow from the waist or nod the head when meeting someone else in other parts of the world.
【语境感知】
The current economy does not favour the development of small businesses.
I would never ask for any favours from her.
As a special favour,I’ll let you stay up late tonight.
Can you do me a favour and find out what’s going on?
In addition to blogging,taking photos and writing articles about the reef,he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favour of its defence.
【用法小结】
in favour of 支持,赞同
in one’s favour 对某人有利
owe sb a favour 欠某人一个人情
return the favour 报答
ask sb a favour (=ask a favour of sb) 请某人帮忙
do sb a favour (=do a favour for sb) 帮某人一个忙
【考点运用】
(1)Opportunity (favour) those with a curious mind.
(2)Those present at the meeting were favor of the decision.
【例句仿写】
在有些地方,人们喜欢见面的时候拥抱。
Suggested answers:
(1)favours (2)in
【例句仿写】
In some places,people favour hugging each other when they meet.
7.break down消除;分解;打破;出故障;抛锚;失败;崩溃;垮掉
【教材原句】
A smile can break down barriers.
微笑可以打破隔阂。
【同义句替换】
A smile can make the problems between people disappear.
【语境感知】
Our car broke down and we had to draw it to a garage.
His health broke down under the pressure of work.
Talks between the two sides have broken down.
Scott left on 1 November and soon had problems.First,his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.
【考点运用】
(1)Her friends came to help her when the war broke .
(2)Burglars broke the house when the owner was away on holiday.
Suggested answers:(1)out (2)into
8.reliable adj.可靠的;可信赖的
【教材原句】
Which is a more reliable guide for understanding someone’s feelings,their body language or the words they speak?
哪一种方式更能帮助我们理解别人的感受:他们的肢体语言还是他们说的话语?
【同义句替换】
Which way of communication can help us to understand someone’s feelings better,their body language or their words?
【语境感知】
Tom is clever while Jack is honest and reliable.
Learn to rely on yourself first,then others.
We have to rely on him to make the design.
You can rely on it that he will help you.
For accurate and reliable predictions,it’s best to check an official,scientific report.
【用法小结】
rely v.依赖;依靠
rely on/upon=depend on/upon=count on/upon 依靠;依赖
rely on/upon sb to do sth 指望某人做某事
rely on/upon it+that从句 指望/相信……
【考点运用】
(1)The young man is honest,cooperative and always there when you need his help.In short,he is (rely).
(2)These days,we rely heavily computers to organize our work.
【例句仿写】
日本人见面的时候更喜欢用哪一种方式表示问候?鞠躬还是亲吻脸颊?
Suggested answers:
(1)reliable (2)on
【例句仿写】
Which way do Japanese prefer to use to show their greetings when they meet,bowing or kissing on the cheek?
9.tendency n. 趋势;倾向
【教材原句】
People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in.
人们在对某个事物感兴趣时,往往会身体前倾。
【同义句替换】
People are more likely to lean towards something when they show interest in it.
【语境感知】
While I tend to buy a lot of books,these three were given to me as gifts.
People tend to get together with their families in the week-long holiday.
He has a tendency to forget things.
On social media sites,people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.
【用法小结】
tend v.往往会;趋向;倾向;照料;照管;护理
tend to do sth 往往会发生某事;易于做某事
tend (to) sb/sth 照料/照管某人/某事
【考点运用】
(1)When I am tired,I tend (make) mistakes.
(2)Wool has a (tend) to shrink if it gets wet.
【例句仿写】
当一个学生在课堂上感到无聊时,他往往会东张西望。
Suggested answers:
(1)to make (2)tendency
【例句仿写】
When a student feels bored in class,he will have a tendency to look around.
10.occupy vt.占据(空间); 占用(时间)
【教材原句】
With their chins on their hands,they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.
他们用手托着下巴,全神贯注地盯着窗外或天花板。
【同义句替换】
Their chins resting on their hands,they engaged themselves in looking out of the window attentively or up at the ceiling.
【语境感知】
Reading occupies most of my free time.
The enemy soon occupied the town.
She occupied herself with routine office tasks.
I know you have had lots to occupy your time,so you probably didn’t have time to watch the football match between Manchester United and Liverpool tonight.
【用法小结】
occupation n.[C]职业[U]占用
occupied adj.忙于……的;被占领的
be occupied with (=be busy with) 忙于……
be occupied (in) doing sth (=be busy in doing sth) 忙于做某事
【近义短语】
be engaged in doing sth
be busy in doing sth
be buried in doing sth
【考点运用】
(1)They have been (occupy) in preparing for their 50th wedding anniversary in the past two weeks.
(2)Please list your age,name and (occupy) on the application form.
(3)Many of us equate “commitment” with such “caring” (occupy) as teaching and nursing.
【例句仿写】
脸上一副茫然的表情,有些同学在全神贯注地想入非非。
Suggested answers:
(1)occupied (2)occupation (3)occupations
【例句仿写】
With blank expressions on their faces,some students are occupied in letting their minds wandering.
11.stare vi.盯着看;凝视 n.凝视
【教材原句】
With their chins on their hands,they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.
他们用手托着下巴,全神贯注地盯着窗外或天花板。
【同义句替换】
Their chins resting on their hands,they engaged themselves in looking out of the window attentively or up at the ceiling
【语境感知】
Generally,it’s considered rude to stare at people.
She gave him a blank stare.
With water falling off its thick,brown hair,the bear stared back at me.
【近义短语】
gaze at...盯着……看
glare at sb 怒目而视
【考点运用】
(1)I the door and wondered why she didn’t appear.
我盯着门口看,想知道他为什么没有出现。
(2)He didn’t shout;he just me silently.
他没有喊叫,只是默默地怒视着我。
Suggested answers:(1)stared at (2)glared at
12.distinguish v.&vt.区分;辨别
【教材原句】
While it is easy to perceive when students are interested,bored,or distracted,it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.
尽管学生们何时对讲课感兴趣,何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的,但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。
【同义句替换】
Although it is not difficult to realize when students show interest,feel dull or fail to concentrate on study,it is a tough task to tell when students meet with trouble.
【语境感知】
Sometimes reality and fantasy are hard to distinguish.
Over the next few years he distinguished himself as a leading constitutional scholar.
The solar rays shone through the watery mass easily,and consumed all colour,and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.
【用法小结】
distinguish (between)A and B/distinguish A from B区分/辨别/分清A和B
distinguish oneself (as sth) 使出众;使著名;使受人青睐
distinguished adj.卓越的;杰出的;显得重要的;高贵的
【考点运用】
(1)The man for a major breakthrough in the treatment of cancer.
这个人因其在治疗癌症方面有了重大突破而扬名。
(2)True adults are able to what they have to do and what they want to do.
真正的成年人能辨别出什么是他们该做的事和什么是他们想做的事。
【例句仿写】
尽管老师从学生的面部表情可以了解他们在课堂上的感受,但是洞察他们的想法还是有点难度。
Suggested answers：
(1)distinguished himself (2)distinguish between
【例句仿写】
While teachers can be aware of how students feel in class by observing their expressions on their faces,it is still a little tough to distinguish what they think.
13.anxiety n.焦虑;担心;害怕
【教材原句】
Students who are angry,afraid,or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed,like they are guarding their bodies.
愤怒、害怕或焦虑的学生会双臂交叉放在他们的胸前,双腿并拢或交叉,像是在保护自己的身体。
【同义句替换】
When students feel annoyed,frightened or anxious,they are likely to cross their arms in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed.It looks as if they are defending themselves.
【语境感知】
There is growing public anxiety over levels of air pollution in our city.
Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview.
The farmers are more anxious for rain than the people in the city because it is more important to them.
Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring.
Research shows that laughing has significant benefits;it can relieve stress and anxiety.
【用法小结】
anxious adj.焦虑的;担心的;不安的;渴望的;急切的
be anxious about sth/for sb 为某事/某人担心
be anxious to do sth 渴望做某事
be anxious for sth 渴望得到某物
be anxious for sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事
【考点运用】
(1)It’s thought that one’s (anxious)often occurs as a result of his unsuccessful adaptation to the new surroundings.
(2)The audience is waiting (anxious) to see which team will win.
【例句仿写】
缺乏自信的学生回答问题时低着头,好像害怕把自己暴露在众人面前。
Suggested answers:
(1)anxiety (2)anxiously
【例句仿写】
The students who lack confidence lower their head when answering the questions.It seems as if they are afraid of showing themselves in front of their classmates.
14.embarrassed adj.难堪的;尴尬的
【教材原句】
They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.
他们也会双手捂脸,一副尴尬或羞愧的样子。
【同义句替换】
They may bury their faces in their hands,looking awkward or ashamed.
【语境感知】
She is embarrassed about her height.
He felt embarrassed at being the centre of attention.
Some women are too embarrassed to consult their doctor about the problem.
I didn’t want to embarrass her in front of her friends.
It’s not a good idea to criticize someone in front of others.This can cause embarrassment.
【用法小结】
be/feel embarrassed about/at...因……而窘迫;因……尴尬
be embarrassed to do sth 不好意思做某事
embarrass vt.使尴尬;使窘迫
It embarrasses/embarrassed sb to do sth 做某事使某人尴尬
embarrassing adj.使人难堪的;令人尴尬的;令人害羞的
embarrassment n.尴尬;难堪;困境;令人为难的事;让人尴尬的人
【考点运用】
(1)He was (embarrass) to admit his mistake.
(2)His speech was followed by an (embarrass) silence.
【例句仿写】
有些学生可能不看老师,一副不喜欢老师的样子。
Suggested answers：
(1)embarrassed (2)embarrassing
【例句仿写】
Some students may not look at the teacher in the eye like they are not fond of their teacher.
15.ashamed adj.羞愧;惭愧
【教材原句】
They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.
他们也会双手捂脸,一副尴尬或羞愧的样子。
【同义句替换】
They may bury their faces in their hands,looking awkward or ashamed.
【语境感知】
You should be ashamed of yourself for telling such lies.
I was too ashamed to tell her that I had failed.
Was he ashamed of having a friend like me?Bob longed for an answer.
【用法小结】
be/feel ashamed of (doing)sth 因(做)某事而感到羞愧
be/feel ashamed of yourself 为自己感到惭愧
be/feel ashamed to do sth 不好意思做某事;因做某事而感到难为情
【考点运用】
(1)He was so ashamed his bad behaviour.
(2)He was ashamed (ask) such a simple question.
Suggested answers:
(1)of (2)to ask
16.bother vi.& vt.费心;麻烦;因……操心 n.麻烦;不便
【教材原句】
However,if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping,then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work.
但是,要是学生都懒得梳头,并且两眼因哭泣而发红,那么我能够推断她遇到了更为严重的问题。
【同义句替换】
I can realize that the student gets into trouble if he or she is unwilling to brush her hair and her eyes are red because she cries.
【语境感知】
It bothers me that he seems to take no interest in his work.
I’m sorry to have put you to all this bother.
Drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick up.
She added that it wasn’t only the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them,but also the way he cleaned his fish tanks.
【用法小结】
bother with/about...为……而费心
bother doing/to do sth 费心做某事
bother sb with/about sth 让某人为某事烦恼
It bothers sb that...……使某人烦恼
It bothers sb to do sth 做某事使某人烦恼
【考点运用】
(1)He didn’t want to bother her those problems when she was on holiday.
(2) bothers me a lot that my best friend Tom has become addicted to playing computer games recently.
【例句仿写】
如果一个学生不愿意跟任何人交流,那么我可以判断他可能遇到大麻烦了。
Suggested answer:
(1)with (2)It
【例句仿写】
If a student is unwilling to communicate with anyone,then I can draw the conclusion that he may get into big trouble.
17.in other words换句话说;也就是说
【语境感知】
New research has found that animals have memories,too.In other words,they might be much cleverer than we thought.
You can organize your work or studies.In other words,you can make a list and do all the important things first.
【用法小结】
in a word 简言之;总之
keep/break one?s word 遵守/违背某人的诺言
have a word with sb 与某人交谈
word for word 逐字地
Word came that...消息传来……(word 意为“消息”时,为不可数名词)
【考点运用】
(1) ,I love my school.I find my school life more and more meaningful and colourful.
总之,我爱我的学校。我发现我的学校生活越来越有意义,越来越多姿多彩。
(2)He failed to hold back his tears when his father passed away.
听到父亲去世的消息,他忍不住流下了眼泪。
Suggested answers:
(1)In a word (2)word came that
18.by comparison 与……相比较
【教材原句】
By comparison,in Bulgaria and southern Albania,the gestures have the opposite meaning.
相比之下,在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚南部,这两个手势的含义正好相反。
【同义句替换】
By contrast,the gestures in Bulgaria and southern Albania are contrary to those in other countries.
【语境感知】
In comparison with last year,the price of beef has increased.
In comparison with other species,cloning primates has proved to be “much harder”.
Mike’s new house is like a huge palace,compared to his old one.
I often compare what I think with others’ opinions.
【用法小结】
in /by comparison with 与……比较
compare...with 将……与……作比较
compared to/ with 与……相较
【考点运用】
(1)In the forest,sound is a better means of communication over distance in (compare) with light.
(2)Lily does well in her studies,especially in maths and English.No one in our class can compare her.
【例句仿写】
相比之下,有些学生渴望在同学们面前表现自己。
Suggested answers:
(1)comparison (2)with
【例句仿写】
By comparison,some students are eager to show themselves in front of their classmates.
19.call on (短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请
【教材原句】
We intended to visit the theme park but ended up calling on Professor Zhang.
我们原本打算参观主题公园,但最后拜访了张教授。
【同义句替换】
We had planned to visit the theme park but at last we paid a visit to Professor Zhang.
【语境感知】
I am going to call on one of my former college classmates this weekend.
Not knowing his address,I can’t call on him.
Now,let’s call on the chairman to address the meeting.
【用法小结】
call on 短暂访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请
call on sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事
call at 访问某地
call for 需要
call off 取消
call back 回电话
【近义短语】
drop in on 顺道拜访
pay a visit to 访问;参观
【考点运用】
(1)如果周末有空的话,我会去拜访你。
(2)政府号召我们过低碳生活。
Suggested answers:
(1)If I am available at weekends,I will call on you.
(2)Our government calls on us to lead a low-carbon life.
20.adjust vt.调整;调节 vi.&vt.适应; (使)习惯
【教材原句】
Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities,when to intervene,and when to talk to students individually,so they can all get the most out of school.
他们的肢体语言让我知道该何时调整课堂活动,何时干预并何时与学生单独谈话,从而让他们在校收获最大。
【语境感知】
However,we will adjust the influence.
When Riley moves to a new city,she has a hard time adjusting to her new surroundings.
【用法小结】
adjust to (doing) sth 适应(做)某事
adjust oneself to (doing) sth 使自己适应(做)某事
make an adjustment 作出调整
【考点运用】
(1)My parents had trouble adjusting to (live) in an apartment.
(2)The seats are (adjust);that is to say,you can adjust them to a certain angle or height.
【例句仿写】
教师应该多观察学生在课堂上的肢体语言,以便更好地了解学生。
Suggested answers:
(1)living (2)adjustable
【例句仿写】
Teachers should spend more time observing the students’ body language in class so that they can have a better understanding of the students.
Part Ⅴ 巩固提升
Ⅰ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.We will meet with a large number of people, (vary)from the old to the young.
2.The company gave its (approve) to his application.
3.From the appearance,we cannot tell the (differ) between the twins.
4.He stood there favour of his father.
5.Many graduates (employ) in the electronics and computing industries now.
6.The junior clerk was alarmed when he (witness) the robbery in his office.
Ⅱ.根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子。
1.The government (赞同)the idea that pollution should be forbidden.
2.The past five years (见证)great changes in our hometown.
3.He was (忙于) making a list of all the work to be done.
4.I am not good at expressing myself. (相比之下),I am better at thinking indeed.
5.I am (支持) your suggestion that we should spend more time on this subject.
Ⅲ.语法填空
1.Some students don’t have a (rely) car,while others have to share vehicles with parents who work six days a week.
2.We are often ashamed our shortcomings,our mistakes and our failures.
3.While I tend (buy) a lot of books,these three were given to me as gifts.
4.The parents were asked to (interaction) with their children as normally would.
5.Seeing her father’s face turn red with (angry),the little girl slipped out of the house in silence.
6.The two animals come from the same family but differ body shape.
Ⅳ.短语填空
by comparison approve of break down
in other words call on
1.Her car on the way to work.
2. ,he was much more frank.
3.The girl’s mother didn’t her going abroad for further study.
4.He is such a man that he can’t always keep his word. ,he always breaks his word.
5.They people to take measures to fight against it.
Suggested answers:
Ⅰ.1.varying 2.approval 3.difference 4.in 5.are employed 6.witnessed
Ⅱ.1.approved of 2.have witnessed 3.occupied in
4.By comparison 5.in favour of
Ⅲ.1.reliable 2.of 3.to buy 4.interact 5.anger 6.in
Ⅳ.1.broke down 2.By comparison 3.approve of 4.In other words 5.call on
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