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2023年吉林省中考英语真题 （含解析）
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这是一份2023年吉林省中考英语真题 （含解析），共21页。
吉林省2023年初中学业水平考试
英语试题
语言知识运用（共35分）
I.从每小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个正确答案。（10分）
1. Li Wei likes science and his dream is to be a ________ like Tu Youyou.
A. scientist B. singer C. driver
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：李伟喜欢科学，他的梦想是成为像屠呦呦一样的科学家。
考查名词辨析。scientist科学家；singer歌手；driver司机。根据“Li Wei likes science”可知，喜欢科学，所以想成为像屠呦呦一样的科学家，故选A。
2. Xiaogang helps to ________ his younger sister when his parents are busy.
A. look up B. look like C. look after
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：父母忙的时候，小刚帮忙照看妹妹。
考查动词短语辨析。look up向上看，查阅；look like看起来像；look after照顾，照看。根据“Xiaogang helps to...his younger sister when his parents are busy.”可知，父母忙的时候帮助照看妹妹，故选C。
3. —The environment of this town is better now.
—That’s because lots of trees ________ here many years ago.
A. are planted B. were planted C. will be planted
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——这个城镇的环境现在好多了。——那是因为许多年前这里种了许多树。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合时间状语“many years ago”可知，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
4. Tian Xin has good eating habits, so she is very ________.
A. kind B. healthy C. friendly
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：田欣有良好的饮食习惯，所以她很健康。
考查形容词辨析。kind善良的；healthy健康的；friendly友好的。根据“Tian Xin has good eating habits, so she is very...”可知，有良好的饮食习惯，所以人是健康的，故选B。
5. We hope ________ a beautiful home by living a low-carbon life (低碳生活).
A. build B. building C. to build
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们希望通过低碳生活来建设一个美丽的家园。
考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth“希望做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，故选C。
6 Jenny ordered a hamburger and ________ hamburger was nice.
A. a B. an C. the
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：珍妮点了一个汉堡包，汉堡包很好吃。
考查冠词的用法。此处特指珍妮点的那个汉堡，用定冠词the。故选C。
7. Lily will arrive in Changchun tomorrow. Let’s have a party for ________.
A. her B. she C. herself
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：莉莉明天将到达长春。我们为她开个派对吧。
考查代词辨析。her她，宾格；she她，主格；herself她自己，反身代词。介词for后接宾格her，故选A。
8. The students are reading books ________ are full of the “red spirit” these days.
A. who B. where C. which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：这些天，学生们正在读充满“红色精神”的书。
考查定语从句。who谁；where哪儿；which哪个。本句含定语从句，先行词books指物，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。
9. ________ interesting movie it is! I want to see it again.
A. What B. What an C. How
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：这是一部多么有趣的电影啊！我想再看一遍。
考查感叹句。此处是感叹句，强调的中心词是可数名词单数movie，interesting首字母发元音音素，故选B。
10. —________ is it from our school to the new bookstore, Li Lei?
—Only one kilometer.
A. How far B. How long C. How soon
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——李雷，从我们学校到新书店有多远？——只有一公里。
考查特殊疑问句。how far多远；how long多久；how soon多久以后。根据“Only one kilometer”可知，对距离提问用how far，故选A。
II.从选项中选择正确选项，其中有一个选项与对话内容无关。（5分）
Zhao Xin: Hi, Lin Ping. Long time no see. Where did you go?
Lin Ping: Hi, Zhao Xin. ____11____
Zhao Xin: How was your trip?
Lin Ping: ____12____ The fresh air and green mountains there made me so relaxed.
Zhao Xin: Sounds like a nice place. ____13____
Lin Ping: I did many things such as fishing, feeding chickens and learning to do yangge (秧歌).
Zhao Xin: Yangge! It’s a traditional dance in the north, right?
Lin Ping: ____14____ It’s very popular in my hometown.
Zhao Xin: I want to try it. ____15____
Lin Ping: No problem. I can teach you anytime.
Zhao Xin: Thank you very much.
Lin Ping: You’re welcome.
A. That’s right.
B. It was fantastic.
C. Can you teach me?
D. How can I get there?
E. What did you do there?
F. I went back to my hometown.
【答案】11. F 12. B 13. E 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是赵鑫和林平二人谈论林平的旅行。
【11题详解】
根据“Where did you go?”可知，此处应回答去了哪里，选项F“我回到了家乡。”符合语境，故选F。
【12题详解】
根据“How was your trip?”和“The fresh air and green mountains there made me so relaxed.”可知，这次旅行很好，选项B“太棒了。”符合语境，故选B。
【13题详解】
根据“I did many things such as fishing, feeding chickens and learning to do yangge (秧歌).”可知，询问做了什么事，选项E“你在那里做了什么？”符合语境，故选E。
【14题详解】
根据“Yangge! It’s a traditional dance in the north, right?”可知，此处对“秧歌是北方的一种传统舞蹈”做出评价，选项A“没错。”符合语境，故选A。
【15题详解】
根据“No problem. I can teach you anytime.”可知，询问对方能否教自己，选项C“你能教我吗？”符合语境，故选C。
III. 补全对话（5分）
根据所给对话，填写适当的内容，使其完整、通顺、正确，每空词数不限。
(Yu Min is talking to his new classmate, Jimmy, on the playground.)
Yu Min: I’m Yu Min. Nice to meet you, Jimmy!
Jimmy: ____16____.
Yu Min: Do you like our school?
Jimmy: ____17____. I like it very much. Look at that building. What’s it used for?
Yu Min: Oh! It’s the Students’ Sports Center.
Jimmy: Cool! ____18____ does it open?
Yu Min: At 3:00 p.m. By the way, ____19____?
Jimmy: My favorite sport is basketball.
Yu Min: I like basketball, too. Why not play together this afternoon?
Jimmy: OK. See you then.
Yu Min: ____20____.
【答案】16. Nice to meet you, Yu Min
17. Yes 18. When
19. what’s your favorite sport
20. See you
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍于敏和吉米谈论关于学校的设施以及相约一起去打篮球。
【16题详解】
根据“I’m Yu Min. Nice to meet you, Jimmy!”可知，此处应该是吉米跟于敏说“见到你很高兴”，故填Nice to meet you, Yu Min。
【17题详解】
根据“Do you like our school?”和“I like it very much.”可知，吉米很喜欢学校，此处作肯定回答，故填Yes。
【18题详解】
根据“At 3:00 p.m.”可知，此处问开放时间，故填When
【19题详解】
根据“My favorite sport is basketball.”可知，此处询问对方最喜欢的运动，故填what’s your favorite sport。
【20题详解】
根据“See you then.”可知，此处应回答“再见”，故填See you。
IV.根据短文内容，从每小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个正确答案。（5分）
As an exchange student, Tony has studied in China for one year. He finds where students have lessons is different ____21____ China and America.
In China, most students stay in the same classroom to have different lessons. When the school bell rings, students wait for their teachers ____22____ then start their lessons. Students put their school things in the ____23____.
In America, however, things are quite different. For ____24____ subjects, students are supposed to go and find the right classrooms. They have to ____25____ their classrooms. They put their things in the lockers (储物柜) out of the classrooms.
Tony thinks these two patterns have their own advantages. He likes both of them.
21. A. outside B. behind C. between
22. A. and B. but C. or
23. A. playgrounds B. offices C. classrooms
24. A. easy B. different C. busy
25. A. break B. change C. lose
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国学生和美国学生上课情况的差异性。
【21题详解】
句意：他发现中国和美国的学生在哪里上课是不同的。
outside在外面；behind在后面；between在……之间。根据“China and America”可知，此处指在中国和美国之间，故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：当学校铃响时，学生们等着他们的老师，然后开始上课。
and和；but但是；or或者。“students wait for their teachers”与“then start their lessons”是顺承关系，故选A。
【23题详解】
句意：学生们把他们的学习用品放在教室里。
playgrounds操场；offices办公室；classrooms教室。根据“Students put their school things in the”及“In America, however, things are quite different…They put their things in the lockers (储物柜) out of the classrooms.”可知，中国的学生们把学习用品放在教室里，故选C。
【24题详解】
句意：对于不同的科目，学生应该去找合适的教室。
easy容易的；different不同的；busy忙碌的。根据“For … subjects, students are supposed to go and find the right classrooms”可知，不同的科目要去找合适的教室，故选B。
【25题详解】
句意：他们必须更换他们的教室。
break打破；change改变；lose失去。根据“For … subjects, students are supposed to go and find the right classrooms”可知，不同的学科要去不同的教室，所以此处指要更换教室，故选B。
V. （10分）
从方框中选择正确选项，完成短文，其中有两个选项是多余的。
A problems B. interested C. Finally D. his E. decided F. best
G. other H. found I. Because J. languages K. with L. hers
Li Shizhen is known as “the saint of medicine” in Chinese history. And his work, Compendium of Materia Medica or Bencao Gangmu, is one of the ____26____ medical books.
When Li Shizhen was young, he was ____27____ in traditional Chinese medicine and began to read medical books. He ____28____ many mistakes in those books. He worried these mistakes would cause serious ____29____ or death. So Li Shizhen ____30____ to write a new book. He traveled everywhere to look for herbs(药草) and do research. And he talked ____31____ farmers, doctors and patients. He even tested herbs on himself and nearly lost ____32____ life many times. Li Shizhen collected and recorded over 1,890 herbs. He also read about 900 medical books. He worked day and night. ____33____, the valuable work, Bencao Gangmu came out.
Today Bencao Gangmu has been translated into many foreign ____34____. It is widely read not only in China but also in many ____35____ countries around the world.
【答案】26. F 27. B
28. H 29. A
30. E 31. K
32. D 33. C
34. J 35. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍李时珍和他的著作《本草纲目》。
【26题详解】
句意：他的著作《本草纲目》是最好的医学书籍之一。根据“And his work, Compendium of Materia Medica or Bencao Gangmu, is one of the...medical books.”和备选词可知，《本草纲目》是最好的医学书籍之一，best“最好的”符合语境。故选F。
【27题详解】
句意：李时珍年轻时就对中医感兴趣，开始阅读医学书籍。根据“he was...in traditional Chinese medicine and began to read medical books”和备选词可知，年轻时就对中医感兴趣，interested“感兴趣的”符合语境，故选B。
【28题详解】
句意：他在那些书中发现了许多错误。 根据“He...many mistakes in those books.”和备选词可知，他发现了书中的错误，found“发现”符合语境，故选H。
【29题详解】
句意：他担心这些错误会导致严重的问题甚至死亡。根据“He worried these mistakes would cause serious...or death.”和备选词可知，担心错误会导致问题，problems“问题”符合语境。故选A。
【30题详解】
句意：所以李时珍决定写一本新书。根据“So Li Shizhen...to write a new book.”和备选词可知，之前的书有错误，所以李时珍决定写一本新书，decided“决定”符合语境，故选E。
【31题详解】
句意：他与农民、医生和病人交谈。根据“And he talked...farmers, doctors and patients.”可知，他和不同的人交谈，talk with“和……交谈”，故选K。
【32题详解】
句意：他甚至在自己身上试验草药，多次险些丧命。根据“He even tested herbs on himself and nearly lost...life many times.”可知，李时珍以身试药，险些丧命，备选词his“他的”符合语境，故选D。
【33题详解】
句意：最终，珍贵的作品《本草纲目》出版了。根据“...the valuable work, Bencao Gangmu came out.”可知，最终《本草纲目》出版了，Finally“最终”符合语境。故选C。
【34题详解】
句意：现今《本草纲目》已被翻译成多种语言。根据“Today Bencao Gangmu has been translated into many foreign...”可知，现今《本草纲目》已被翻译成多种语言，languages“语言”符合语境。故选J。
【35题详解】
句意：它不仅在中国而且在世界上许多其他国家被广泛阅读。根据“It is widely read not only in China but also in many...countries around the world.”可知，《本草纲目》在世界上许多其他国家被广泛阅读，other“其他的”符合语境。故选G。
二、阅读理解（共40分）
VI.根据所给材料，完成下列各题。（共40分）
A
Chinese Culture Courses
Traditional Chinese Art
Activities:
☆learn about paper cutting
☆learn to make clay art pieces
Time: 8:00 a.m.-9:30 a.m.
Place: Art Room
Teacher: Ms. Wang
Traditional Chinese Music
Activities:
☆learn to play erhu, dizi and pipa
☆enjoy traditional Chinese music
Time: 10:00 a.m.-11:30 a.m.
Place: Music Room
Teacher: Mrs. Li
Traditional Chinese Books
Activities:
☆know about Journey to the West and A Dream of Red Mansions
☆act out the stories in groups
Time: 1:30 p.m.-3:00 p.m.
Place: School Library
Teacher: Mr. Cheng
Traditional Chinese Food
Activities:
☆taste traditional Chinese food
☆learn to make jiaozi and zongzi
Time: 3:30 p.m.-5:00 p.m.
Place: School Dining Hall
Teacher: Mr. Lu
根据海报内容，选择正确答案。
36. How many kinds of courses are there in the poster?
A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Seven.
37. What can students do in the art room?
A. Learn about paper cutting. B. Learn to play erhu.
C. Know about Journey to the West. D. Make jiaozi and zongzi.
38. Who teaches Traditional Chinese Books?
A. Ms. Wang. B. Mrs. Li. C. Mr. Cheng. D. Mr. Lu.
39. Which course do students have from 10:00 a.m. to 11:30 a.m.?
A. Traditional Chinese Art. B. Traditional Chinese Music.
C. Traditional Chinese Books. D. Traditional Chinese Food.
40. Where do students make zongzi?
A. In the art room. B. In the music room.
C. In the school library. D. In the school dining hall.
【答案】36. A 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一则介绍四个中国文化课程的海报。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Traditional Chinese Art”、“Traditional Chinese Music”、“Traditional Chinese Books”及“Traditional Chinese Food”可知，有四种中国文化课程，故选A。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据“learn about paper cutting”及“Place: Art Room”可知，在美术室可以学习剪纸，故选A。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Traditional Chinese Books”及“Teacher: Mr. Cheng”可知，程老师教中国传统书籍，故选C。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Traditional Chinese Music”及“Time: 10:00 a.m.-11:30 a.m.”可知，上午10点到11：30可以上中国传统音乐课，故选B。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Traditional Chinese Food”、“learn to make jiaozi and zongzi”及“Place: School Dining Hall”可知，在学校食堂学习做粽子，故选D。
B
①There are 56 ethnic (民族的) groups in China. Different ethnic groups have their own special cultures. Let’s enjoy some of them.
②The Bai people use a very old way, tie-dye (扎染), to dye clothes. Tie-dye has a history of nearly 1,500 years. During the Tang and Song dynasties, people chose tie-dyed clothes as gifts.
③The Mongolian people live in the Mongolian yurts (蒙古包). These yurts are large round tents and their tops look like umbrellas. They are the traditional homes of the Mongolian people. The yurts are usually white because they’re made of sheep’s wool. And white is a symbol of happiness.
④The Zhuang people like singing even more than talking. On the third day of the third Chinese lunar (阴历的) month, they hold a big singing festival. It is thrilling and wonderful. Men and women singers sing in pairs. The winners are the “king” and “queen” of singing.
⑤The Miao people have a special festival, Manghao Festival. It’s in the first Chinese lunar month every year. The Miao people regard Manghao as a hero who helped to protect their homes. At the festival, young men dress up like Manghao and touch others to send good wishes.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
41. Who uses tie-dye to dye clothes most?
A. The Bai people. B. The Mongolian people.
C. The Miao people. D. The Zhuang people.
42. What’s the Mongolian yurt?
A. A traditional home. B. A big festival. C. A special song. D. A good wish.
43. What does the underlined word “thrilling” mean in Paragraph 4?
A. Quiet. B. Slow. C. Exciting. D. Easy.
44. How do people celebrate Manghao Festival?
A. By choosing tie-dyed clothes as gifts. B. By building tents.
C. By singing songs. D. By dressing up and touching others.
45. Which is the right structure(结构) of the passage?
(①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, ...)
A. B. C. D.
【答案】41. A 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国56个民族中的几个。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Bai people use a very old way, tie-dye (扎染), to dye clothes.”可知，白族人用一种非常古老的方法——扎染来给衣服染色。故选A。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据“They are the traditional homes of the Mongolian people.”可知，蒙古包是蒙古人民的传统家园，故选A。
43题详解】
词句猜测题。分析“It is thrilling and wonderful. Men and women singers sing in pairs.”可知，是很棒的，男女歌手成对演唱。所以是一个近似的词汇，选项C“令人兴奋的”与之相符，故选C。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据“At the festival, young men dress up like Manghao and touch others to send good wishes.”可知，在这个节日里，年轻人打扮成芒蒿的样子，用手触摸别人来传递美好的祝愿。故选D。
【45题详解】
篇章结构题。分析全文内容可知，第一段引出主题；第二、三、四、五段分别介绍白族、蒙古族、壮族、苗族的风俗。故选B。
C
Have you seen the clay soldiers (士兵) in Xi’an’s terracotta museum? Do you know the true colors of them?
More than 2,000 years ago, Qin Shihuang, the first emperor of China, ordered people to build the Terracotta Army. He hoped that the army would guard him after he died.
In 1974, some farmers found several clay soldiers by accident in Xi’an. After that, about 8,000 more were found by archeologists (考古学家). Today, the clay soldiers in Xi’an’s terracotta museum are light brown. But they weren’t always this color. When they were made, they had the colors of white, green, blue, red, purple and yellow. Sadly, most of the colors disappeared today.
An area with more than a hundred clay soldiers was discovered by archeologists a few years ago. Many of them still had black hair, pink faces and black or brown eyes when they were found. If they were not protected well, their colors would disappear, too. After a clay soldier was found, archeologists used two steps to keep its color. First, they sprayed (喷) a special “water” on it. Then, they covered it in plastic.
Archeologists are facing a new challenge now. They are going to find a way to put the colors onto the clay soldiers again. If they succeed in doing it, people will be able to see what the clay soldiers originally (最初) looked like. It must be very amazing.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子正（T）、误（F）。
46. Qin Shihuang hoped the Terracotta Army would guard him after he died.
47. Some farmers found several clay soldiers in Beijing in 1974.
48. The clay soldiers were light brown when they were made.
49. Archeologists used three steps to keep the clay soldiers’ colors.
50. It’s a new challenge to put the colors onto the clay soldiers again.
【答案】46. T 47. F
48. F 49. F
50. T
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了兵马俑的颜色，考古学家如何保护这些颜色以及考古学家所面临的一个新挑战。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据“He hoped that the army would guard him after he died.”可知，秦始皇希望他死后兵马俑能保护他，表述正确，故答案为T。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In 1974, some farmers found several clay soldiers by accident in Xi’an.”可知，1974年，一些农民在西安偶然发现了几个兵马俑，不是在北京发现的，表述错误，故答案为F。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据“When they were made, they had the colors of white, green, blue, red, purple and yellow.”可知，当它们被制成时，它们有白、绿、蓝、红、紫和黄的颜色，表述错误，故答案为F。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据“After a clay soldier was found, archeologists used two steps to keep its color”可知，考古学家用了两个步骤来保持它的颜色，表述错误，故答案为F。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Archeologists are facing a new challenge now. They are going to find a way to put the colors onto the clay soldiers again”可知，考古学家现在面临着一个新的挑战。他们会想办法把颜色重新涂到粘土士兵身上，表述正确，故答案为T。
D
I’m Wang Jun. Every morning, I run by the seaside near my home. ____51____ He walks on the beach and looks for something. This morning, I stopped running and walked to him.
“Hello! I see you here every morning. ____52____” I asked.
“I’m taking away the stones on the turtles (海龟). There are always some baby turtles under the stones. The stones can stop them from going to the sea, so I come to help these turtles every morning,” he replied.
“It’s really kind of you. ____53____ After all, you can’t help all baby turtles under the stones,” I said.
He smiled and said, “When I see them get out of trouble, I feel so happy. It’s my own way of making a difference.” Then he took away a stone beside him. ____54____ He looked at the turtle and went on, “At least it’s meaningful to this turtle.”
____55____ It’s true that we can’t change the whole world at once. But we can help one person, one animal, or one thing at a time. If everyone can do something good, it will make a big difference.
根据短文内容，将下面选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。
A. What are you doing?
B. He is swimming there.
C. I always see a young man there.
D. I thought about his words in silence.
E. A baby turtle went towards the sea quickly.
F. But do you think you can make a difference?
【答案】51. C 52. A 53. F 54. E 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者总是看到一个人在沙滩上寻找东西，上前询问知道这个人是在寻找石头下的乌龟，他帮助这些小乌龟重回大海。作者感悟到：我们不可能一下子改变整个世界。但我们可以一次帮助一个人，一个动物，或者一件事。如果每个人都能做些好事，就会有很大的影响。
【51题详解】
根据“He walks on the beach and looks for something”可知，此处提到了某个人，C选项“我总是在那里看到一个年轻人”符合，故选C。
【52题详解】
根据“I see you here every morning”及“I’m taking away the stones on the turtles”可知，询问对方在做什么，A选项“你正在做什么”符合，故选A。
【53题详解】
根据“After all, you can’t help all baby turtles under the stones”可知，认为对方这样做没什么意义，F选项“但你觉得你能有影响吗”符合，故选F。
【54题详解】
根据“He looked at the turtle and went on”可知，此处提到了乌龟，E选项“一只小海龟迅速地向大海走去”符合，故选E。
【55题详解】
根据“It’s true that we can’t change the whole world at once”可知，此处是指通过这个人的话想到了一些哲理感悟，D选项“我默默地想着他的话”符合，故选D。
E
Different people have different opinions. This is very common. When you disagree with others, do you know how to deal with disagreement? Here’s some advice.
1 Why not wait and listen to others’ ideas first? If you do that, you will understand them better. It will also help keep the conversation going well.
2 You should express yourself in a polite way when you disagree with others. You can start with these sentences like “I understand your meaning. But I’m afraid I can’t agree with you. What do you think about…instead?”
3 As we know, body language is very important when you are communicating with others. Never cross your arms or point at others while expressing your opinions.
4 Friendship is valuable. Don’t hurt your friends’ feelings when you show your opinions. When your friendship is broken, you may lose your friends.
5 You may learn new things from other people. Think of others’ different opinions carefully, and you may find something good or useful. It’s a good chance for you to learn from them and you can improve yourself quickly.
(a)根据短文内容，从方框中选出每段的主旨大意，其中有一个选项是多余的。
A. Value your friendship.
B. Say goodbye to others.
C. Wait and listen to others.
D. Express yourself in a polite way.
E. Learn from different good opinions.
F. Pay attention to your body language.
____56____ ____57____ ____58____ ____59____ ____60____
(b)根据短文内容，补全下面的思维导图，每空一词。
____61____ ____62____ ____63____ ____64____ ____65____
【答案】56. C 57. D
58. F 59. A
60. E 61. advice
62. well 63. at
64. hurt 65. new
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要就当你不同意别人的意见时，如何处理分歧给出建议。
【56题详解】
根据“Why not wait and listen to others’ ideas first?”可知，为什么不先等等，听听别人的想法呢？选项C“等待并倾听别人的意见”符合语境，故选C。
【57题详解】
根据“You should express yourself in a polite way when you disagree with others.”可知，当你不同意别人的意见时，你应该用礼貌的方式表达自己。选项D“用礼貌的方式表达自己”符合语境，故选D。
【58题详解】
根据“As we know, body language is very important when you are communicating with others.”可知，正如我们所知，当你与他人交流时，肢体语言是非常重要的。选项F“注意你的肢体语言”符合语境，故选F。
【59题详解】
根据“Friendship is valuable.”可知，友谊是宝贵的。选项A“珍惜你的友谊”符合语境，故选A。
【60题详解】
根据“You may learn new things from other people.”可知，你可以从别人那里学到新东西。选项E“从不同的好意见中学习”符合语境，故选E。
【61题详解】
根据“When you disagree with others, do you know how to deal with disagreement? Here’s some advice.”可知，本文就当你不同意别人的意见时，如何处理分歧给出建议。故填advice。
【62题详解】
根据“It will also help keep the conversation going well.”可知，这也有助于保持对话的顺利进行。故填well。
【63题详解】
根据“Never cross your arms or point at others while expressing your opinions.”可知，在表达自己的观点时，不要交叉双臂或指着别人。故填at。
【64题详解】
根据“Don’t hurt your friends’ feelings when you show your opinions.”可知，当你表达自己观点时，不要伤害朋友的感情。故填hurt。
【65题详解】
根据“You may learn new things from other people.”可知，你可以从别人那里学到新东西。故填new。
F
Twenty years ago, Linda was a young mother with two little children depending on her. She worked for eight hours a day as a house cleaner. Washing clothes and doing the cleaning caused her fingers to split (裂开) in the cold and dry air. Before going to work, she needed to bandage her fingers. The heavy burden (负担) made her stressed out and tired.
Linda still remembered that unforgettable day. When she was working for her host, she broke an expensive glass by accident. To her surprise, the host didn’t blame (责备) her. Instead, seeing her tired face and the fingers with bandages, the host let her go home to have a rest. Though the weather was cold, Linda could feel the warmth from her host’s kindness.
Linda went back home tiredly but thankfully. When she opened the door, her son ran up to her and shouted, “Mom!” He put his little arms around her neck. Linda lifted him up and her heart was filled with love. When she was checking her painful fingers, her daughter came to her and passed her the medicine. Linda could see care in her daughter’s eyes.
Linda realized her life is full of love and care. Love and care from the people around her is the thing that keeps her going. And she believes things will get better.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
66. How many children did Linda have?
____________________________________________________
67. When did Linda need to bandage her fingers?
____________________________________________________
68. What did Linda break when she was working for her host?
____________________________________________________
69. Who did Linda see when she opened the door?
____________________________________________________
70. What is the thing that keeps Linda going?
____________________________________________________
【答案】66. Two.
67. Before going to work.
68. An expensive glass.
69. Her son.
70. Love and care from the people around her.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了琳达独自抚养两个孩子，生活的负担使她疲惫不堪。一次无意中把主人的昂贵玻璃杯打碎了，主人不但没有责怪她，反而让她回去好好休息，回家之后看到两个孩子关心的举动和神情，让她意识到她的生活充满了爱和关心。
【66题详解】
根据“Twenty years ago, Linda was a young mother with two little children depending on her.”可知，有两个孩子，故填Two.
【67题详解】
根据“Before going to work, she needed to bandage her fingers.”可知，上班前，她需要用绷带包扎手指，故填Before going to work.
【68题详解】
根据“When she was working for her host, she broke an expensive glass by accident.”可知，当她为主人工作时，不小心打碎了一个昂贵的玻璃杯，故填An expensive glass.
【69题详解】
根据“When she opened the door, her son ran up to her and shouted”可知，她打开门时看到了她的儿子，故填Her son.
【70题详解】
根据“Love and care from the people around her is the thing that keeps her going”可知，周围人的爱和关心是她坚持下去的动力，故填Love and care from the people around her.
三、写作（15分）
VII.根据要求，完成写作。（15分）
71. 青少年应勤于反思，在自我反思中正确认识自己、不断完善自己。请以“Self-reflection Makes Me Become Better”为题，结合自己的成长历程，从学习、运动、劳动等方面，用英语写一篇短文。
内容包括：
（1）结合实际，谈谈自我反思的重要性；
（2）列举自身存在的至少一个优点，并据此提出如何保持优点的方法；
（3）列举自身存在的至少一处不足，并据此提出如何改进不足的方法；
（4）发出自我反思的倡议。
写作要求：
（1）语言流畅，层次清晰，内容可以适当发挥；
（2）词数90-100，开头部分已经给出，不计入总词数；
（3）书写规范，卷面整洁；
（4）文中不能出现考生姓名和学校名称。
参考词汇：self-reflection n. 自我反思 reflect on sth. 反思（往事）
Self-reflection Makes Me Become Better
We teenagers should always reflect on the past because self-reflection makes us become better. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
Self-reflection Makes Me Become Better
We teenagers should always reflect on the past because self-reflection makes us become better. Through self-reflection, we can find out the advantages and disadvantages of what we did, and strive to do it perfectly the next time.
I like reading. It can not only increase my knowledge, but also open my eyes. If you want to develop a good habit of reading, you must stick to the good habit of reading, and keep writing after reading to improve your interest in reading. But I sometimes read so inaccurately that some of the author’s intentions cannot be understood. In the future I will read sentence by sentence to get rid of this bad habit.
So let’s do some serious self-reflection together to make us better ourselves.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。
[写作步骤]
第一步，谈谈自我反思的重要性；
第二步，列举自身存在的至少一个优点，并据此提出如何保持优点的方法；列举自身存在的至少一处不足，并据此提出如何改进不足的方法；
第三步，发出自我反思的倡议。
[亮点词汇]
①strive to do努力做
②not only…but also不但……而且……
③develop a good habit of培养成一个……的好习惯
④get rid of摆脱
[高分句型]
①We teenagers should always reflect on the past because self-reflection makes us become better.（because引导原因状语从句）
②If you want to develop a good habit of reading, you must stick to the good habit of reading, and keep writing after reading to improve your interest in reading.（if引导的条件状语从句）
吉林省2023年初中学业水平考试
英语试题
语言知识运用（共35分）
I.从每小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个正确答案。（10分）
1. Li Wei likes science and his dream is to be a ________ like Tu Youyou.
A. scientist B. singer C. driver
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：李伟喜欢科学，他的梦想是成为像屠呦呦一样的科学家。
考查名词辨析。scientist科学家；singer歌手；driver司机。根据“Li Wei likes science”可知，喜欢科学，所以想成为像屠呦呦一样的科学家，故选A。
2. Xiaogang helps to ________ his younger sister when his parents are busy.
A. look up B. look like C. look after
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：父母忙的时候，小刚帮忙照看妹妹。
考查动词短语辨析。look up向上看，查阅；look like看起来像；look after照顾，照看。根据“Xiaogang helps to...his younger sister when his parents are busy.”可知，父母忙的时候帮助照看妹妹，故选C。
3. —The environment of this town is better now.
—That’s because lots of trees ________ here many years ago.
A. are planted B. were planted C. will be planted
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——这个城镇的环境现在好多了。——那是因为许多年前这里种了许多树。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合时间状语“many years ago”可知，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
4. Tian Xin has good eating habits, so she is very ________.
A. kind B. healthy C. friendly
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：田欣有良好的饮食习惯，所以她很健康。
考查形容词辨析。kind善良的；healthy健康的；friendly友好的。根据“Tian Xin has good eating habits, so she is very...”可知，有良好的饮食习惯，所以人是健康的，故选B。
5. We hope ________ a beautiful home by living a low-carbon life (低碳生活).
A. build B. building C. to build
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们希望通过低碳生活来建设一个美丽的家园。
考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth“希望做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，故选C。
6 Jenny ordered a hamburger and ________ hamburger was nice.
A. a B. an C. the
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：珍妮点了一个汉堡包，汉堡包很好吃。
考查冠词的用法。此处特指珍妮点的那个汉堡，用定冠词the。故选C。
7. Lily will arrive in Changchun tomorrow. Let’s have a party for ________.
A. her B. she C. herself
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：莉莉明天将到达长春。我们为她开个派对吧。
考查代词辨析。her她，宾格；she她，主格；herself她自己，反身代词。介词for后接宾格her，故选A。
8. The students are reading books ________ are full of the “red spirit” these days.
A. who B. where C. which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：这些天，学生们正在读充满“红色精神”的书。
考查定语从句。who谁；where哪儿；which哪个。本句含定语从句，先行词books指物，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。
9. ________ interesting movie it is! I want to see it again.
A. What B. What an C. How
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：这是一部多么有趣的电影啊！我想再看一遍。
考查感叹句。此处是感叹句，强调的中心词是可数名词单数movie，interesting首字母发元音音素，故选B。
10. —________ is it from our school to the new bookstore, Li Lei?
—Only one kilometer.
A. How far B. How long C. How soon
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——李雷，从我们学校到新书店有多远？——只有一公里。
考查特殊疑问句。how far多远；how long多久；how soon多久以后。根据“Only one kilometer”可知，对距离提问用how far，故选A。
II.从选项中选择正确选项，其中有一个选项与对话内容无关。（5分）
Zhao Xin: Hi, Lin Ping. Long time no see. Where did you go?
Lin Ping: Hi, Zhao Xin. ____11____
Zhao Xin: How was your trip?
Lin Ping: ____12____ The fresh air and green mountains there made me so relaxed.
Zhao Xin: Sounds like a nice place. ____13____
Lin Ping: I did many things such as fishing, feeding chickens and learning to do yangge (秧歌).
Zhao Xin: Yangge! It’s a traditional dance in the north, right?
Lin Ping: ____14____ It’s very popular in my hometown.
Zhao Xin: I want to try it. ____15____
Lin Ping: No problem. I can teach you anytime.
Zhao Xin: Thank you very much.
Lin Ping: You’re welcome.
A. That’s right.
B. It was fantastic.
C. Can you teach me?
D. How can I get there?
E. What did you do there?
F. I went back to my hometown.
【答案】11. F 12. B 13. E 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是赵鑫和林平二人谈论林平的旅行。
【11题详解】
根据“Where did you go?”可知，此处应回答去了哪里，选项F“我回到了家乡。”符合语境，故选F。
【12题详解】
根据“How was your trip?”和“The fresh air and green mountains there made me so relaxed.”可知，这次旅行很好，选项B“太棒了。”符合语境，故选B。
【13题详解】
根据“I did many things such as fishing, feeding chickens and learning to do yangge (秧歌).”可知，询问做了什么事，选项E“你在那里做了什么？”符合语境，故选E。
【14题详解】
根据“Yangge! It’s a traditional dance in the north, right?”可知，此处对“秧歌是北方的一种传统舞蹈”做出评价，选项A“没错。”符合语境，故选A。
【15题详解】
根据“No problem. I can teach you anytime.”可知，询问对方能否教自己，选项C“你能教我吗？”符合语境，故选C。
III. 补全对话（5分）
根据所给对话，填写适当的内容，使其完整、通顺、正确，每空词数不限。
(Yu Min is talking to his new classmate, Jimmy, on the playground.)
Yu Min: I’m Yu Min. Nice to meet you, Jimmy!
Jimmy: ____16____.
Yu Min: Do you like our school?
Jimmy: ____17____. I like it very much. Look at that building. What’s it used for?
Yu Min: Oh! It’s the Students’ Sports Center.
Jimmy: Cool! ____18____ does it open?
Yu Min: At 3:00 p.m. By the way, ____19____?
Jimmy: My favorite sport is basketball.
Yu Min: I like basketball, too. Why not play together this afternoon?
Jimmy: OK. See you then.
Yu Min: ____20____.
【答案】16. Nice to meet you, Yu Min
17. Yes 18. When
19. what’s your favorite sport
20. See you
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍于敏和吉米谈论关于学校的设施以及相约一起去打篮球。
【16题详解】
根据“I’m Yu Min. Nice to meet you, Jimmy!”可知，此处应该是吉米跟于敏说“见到你很高兴”，故填Nice to meet you, Yu Min。
【17题详解】
根据“Do you like our school?”和“I like it very much.”可知，吉米很喜欢学校，此处作肯定回答，故填Yes。
【18题详解】
根据“At 3:00 p.m.”可知，此处问开放时间，故填When
【19题详解】
根据“My favorite sport is basketball.”可知，此处询问对方最喜欢的运动，故填what’s your favorite sport。
【20题详解】
根据“See you then.”可知，此处应回答“再见”，故填See you。
IV.根据短文内容，从每小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个正确答案。（5分）
As an exchange student, Tony has studied in China for one year. He finds where students have lessons is different ____21____ China and America.
In China, most students stay in the same classroom to have different lessons. When the school bell rings, students wait for their teachers ____22____ then start their lessons. Students put their school things in the ____23____.
In America, however, things are quite different. For ____24____ subjects, students are supposed to go and find the right classrooms. They have to ____25____ their classrooms. They put their things in the lockers (储物柜) out of the classrooms.
Tony thinks these two patterns have their own advantages. He likes both of them.
21. A. outside B. behind C. between
22. A. and B. but C. or
23. A. playgrounds B. offices C. classrooms
24. A. easy B. different C. busy
25. A. break B. change C. lose
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国学生和美国学生上课情况的差异性。
【21题详解】
句意：他发现中国和美国的学生在哪里上课是不同的。
outside在外面；behind在后面；between在……之间。根据“China and America”可知，此处指在中国和美国之间，故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：当学校铃响时，学生们等着他们的老师，然后开始上课。
and和；but但是；or或者。“students wait for their teachers”与“then start their lessons”是顺承关系，故选A。
【23题详解】
句意：学生们把他们的学习用品放在教室里。
playgrounds操场；offices办公室；classrooms教室。根据“Students put their school things in the”及“In America, however, things are quite different…They put their things in the lockers (储物柜) out of the classrooms.”可知，中国的学生们把学习用品放在教室里，故选C。
【24题详解】
句意：对于不同的科目，学生应该去找合适的教室。
easy容易的；different不同的；busy忙碌的。根据“For … subjects, students are supposed to go and find the right classrooms”可知，不同的科目要去找合适的教室，故选B。
【25题详解】
句意：他们必须更换他们的教室。
break打破；change改变；lose失去。根据“For … subjects, students are supposed to go and find the right classrooms”可知，不同的学科要去不同的教室，所以此处指要更换教室，故选B。
V. （10分）
从方框中选择正确选项，完成短文，其中有两个选项是多余的。
A problems B. interested C. Finally D. his E. decided F. best
G. other H. found I. Because J. languages K. with L. hers
Li Shizhen is known as “the saint of medicine” in Chinese history. And his work, Compendium of Materia Medica or Bencao Gangmu, is one of the ____26____ medical books.
When Li Shizhen was young, he was ____27____ in traditional Chinese medicine and began to read medical books. He ____28____ many mistakes in those books. He worried these mistakes would cause serious ____29____ or death. So Li Shizhen ____30____ to write a new book. He traveled everywhere to look for herbs(药草) and do research. And he talked ____31____ farmers, doctors and patients. He even tested herbs on himself and nearly lost ____32____ life many times. Li Shizhen collected and recorded over 1,890 herbs. He also read about 900 medical books. He worked day and night. ____33____, the valuable work, Bencao Gangmu came out.
Today Bencao Gangmu has been translated into many foreign ____34____. It is widely read not only in China but also in many ____35____ countries around the world.
【答案】26. F 27. B
28. H 29. A
30. E 31. K
32. D 33. C
34. J 35. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍李时珍和他的著作《本草纲目》。
【26题详解】
句意：他的著作《本草纲目》是最好的医学书籍之一。根据“And his work, Compendium of Materia Medica or Bencao Gangmu, is one of the...medical books.”和备选词可知，《本草纲目》是最好的医学书籍之一，best“最好的”符合语境。故选F。
【27题详解】
句意：李时珍年轻时就对中医感兴趣，开始阅读医学书籍。根据“he was...in traditional Chinese medicine and began to read medical books”和备选词可知，年轻时就对中医感兴趣，interested“感兴趣的”符合语境，故选B。
【28题详解】
句意：他在那些书中发现了许多错误。 根据“He...many mistakes in those books.”和备选词可知，他发现了书中的错误，found“发现”符合语境，故选H。
【29题详解】
句意：他担心这些错误会导致严重的问题甚至死亡。根据“He worried these mistakes would cause serious...or death.”和备选词可知，担心错误会导致问题，problems“问题”符合语境。故选A。
【30题详解】
句意：所以李时珍决定写一本新书。根据“So Li Shizhen...to write a new book.”和备选词可知，之前的书有错误，所以李时珍决定写一本新书，decided“决定”符合语境，故选E。
【31题详解】
句意：他与农民、医生和病人交谈。根据“And he talked...farmers, doctors and patients.”可知，他和不同的人交谈，talk with“和……交谈”，故选K。
【32题详解】
句意：他甚至在自己身上试验草药，多次险些丧命。根据“He even tested herbs on himself and nearly lost...life many times.”可知，李时珍以身试药，险些丧命，备选词his“他的”符合语境，故选D。
【33题详解】
句意：最终，珍贵的作品《本草纲目》出版了。根据“...the valuable work, Bencao Gangmu came out.”可知，最终《本草纲目》出版了，Finally“最终”符合语境。故选C。
【34题详解】
句意：现今《本草纲目》已被翻译成多种语言。根据“Today Bencao Gangmu has been translated into many foreign...”可知，现今《本草纲目》已被翻译成多种语言，languages“语言”符合语境。故选J。
【35题详解】
句意：它不仅在中国而且在世界上许多其他国家被广泛阅读。根据“It is widely read not only in China but also in many...countries around the world.”可知，《本草纲目》在世界上许多其他国家被广泛阅读，other“其他的”符合语境。故选G。
二、阅读理解（共40分）
VI.根据所给材料，完成下列各题。（共40分）
A
Chinese Culture Courses
Traditional Chinese Art
Activities:
☆learn about paper cutting
☆learn to make clay art pieces
Time: 8:00 a.m.-9:30 a.m.
Place: Art Room
Teacher: Ms. Wang
Traditional Chinese Music
Activities:
☆learn to play erhu, dizi and pipa
☆enjoy traditional Chinese music
Time: 10:00 a.m.-11:30 a.m.
Place: Music Room
Teacher: Mrs. Li
Traditional Chinese Books
Activities:
☆know about Journey to the West and A Dream of Red Mansions
☆act out the stories in groups
Time: 1:30 p.m.-3:00 p.m.
Place: School Library
Teacher: Mr. Cheng
Traditional Chinese Food
Activities:
☆taste traditional Chinese food
☆learn to make jiaozi and zongzi
Time: 3:30 p.m.-5:00 p.m.
Place: School Dining Hall
Teacher: Mr. Lu
根据海报内容，选择正确答案。
36. How many kinds of courses are there in the poster?
A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Seven.
37. What can students do in the art room?
A. Learn about paper cutting. B. Learn to play erhu.
C. Know about Journey to the West. D. Make jiaozi and zongzi.
38. Who teaches Traditional Chinese Books?
A. Ms. Wang. B. Mrs. Li. C. Mr. Cheng. D. Mr. Lu.
39. Which course do students have from 10:00 a.m. to 11:30 a.m.?
A. Traditional Chinese Art. B. Traditional Chinese Music.
C. Traditional Chinese Books. D. Traditional Chinese Food.
40. Where do students make zongzi?
A. In the art room. B. In the music room.
C. In the school library. D. In the school dining hall.
【答案】36. A 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一则介绍四个中国文化课程的海报。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Traditional Chinese Art”、“Traditional Chinese Music”、“Traditional Chinese Books”及“Traditional Chinese Food”可知，有四种中国文化课程，故选A。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据“learn about paper cutting”及“Place: Art Room”可知，在美术室可以学习剪纸，故选A。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Traditional Chinese Books”及“Teacher: Mr. Cheng”可知，程老师教中国传统书籍，故选C。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Traditional Chinese Music”及“Time: 10:00 a.m.-11:30 a.m.”可知，上午10点到11：30可以上中国传统音乐课，故选B。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Traditional Chinese Food”、“learn to make jiaozi and zongzi”及“Place: School Dining Hall”可知，在学校食堂学习做粽子，故选D。
B
①There are 56 ethnic (民族的) groups in China. Different ethnic groups have their own special cultures. Let’s enjoy some of them.
②The Bai people use a very old way, tie-dye (扎染), to dye clothes. Tie-dye has a history of nearly 1,500 years. During the Tang and Song dynasties, people chose tie-dyed clothes as gifts.
③The Mongolian people live in the Mongolian yurts (蒙古包). These yurts are large round tents and their tops look like umbrellas. They are the traditional homes of the Mongolian people. The yurts are usually white because they’re made of sheep’s wool. And white is a symbol of happiness.
④The Zhuang people like singing even more than talking. On the third day of the third Chinese lunar (阴历的) month, they hold a big singing festival. It is thrilling and wonderful. Men and women singers sing in pairs. The winners are the “king” and “queen” of singing.
⑤The Miao people have a special festival, Manghao Festival. It’s in the first Chinese lunar month every year. The Miao people regard Manghao as a hero who helped to protect their homes. At the festival, young men dress up like Manghao and touch others to send good wishes.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
41. Who uses tie-dye to dye clothes most?
A. The Bai people. B. The Mongolian people.
C. The Miao people. D. The Zhuang people.
42. What’s the Mongolian yurt?
A. A traditional home. B. A big festival. C. A special song. D. A good wish.
43. What does the underlined word “thrilling” mean in Paragraph 4?
A. Quiet. B. Slow. C. Exciting. D. Easy.
44. How do people celebrate Manghao Festival?
A. By choosing tie-dyed clothes as gifts. B. By building tents.
C. By singing songs. D. By dressing up and touching others.
45. Which is the right structure(结构) of the passage?
(①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, ...)
A. B. C. D.
【答案】41. A 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国56个民族中的几个。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Bai people use a very old way, tie-dye (扎染), to dye clothes.”可知，白族人用一种非常古老的方法——扎染来给衣服染色。故选A。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据“They are the traditional homes of the Mongolian people.”可知，蒙古包是蒙古人民的传统家园，故选A。
43题详解】
词句猜测题。分析“It is thrilling and wonderful. Men and women singers sing in pairs.”可知，是很棒的，男女歌手成对演唱。所以是一个近似的词汇，选项C“令人兴奋的”与之相符，故选C。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据“At the festival, young men dress up like Manghao and touch others to send good wishes.”可知，在这个节日里，年轻人打扮成芒蒿的样子，用手触摸别人来传递美好的祝愿。故选D。
【45题详解】
篇章结构题。分析全文内容可知，第一段引出主题；第二、三、四、五段分别介绍白族、蒙古族、壮族、苗族的风俗。故选B。
C
Have you seen the clay soldiers (士兵) in Xi’an’s terracotta museum? Do you know the true colors of them?
More than 2,000 years ago, Qin Shihuang, the first emperor of China, ordered people to build the Terracotta Army. He hoped that the army would guard him after he died.
In 1974, some farmers found several clay soldiers by accident in Xi’an. After that, about 8,000 more were found by archeologists (考古学家). Today, the clay soldiers in Xi’an’s terracotta museum are light brown. But they weren’t always this color. When they were made, they had the colors of white, green, blue, red, purple and yellow. Sadly, most of the colors disappeared today.
An area with more than a hundred clay soldiers was discovered by archeologists a few years ago. Many of them still had black hair, pink faces and black or brown eyes when they were found. If they were not protected well, their colors would disappear, too. After a clay soldier was found, archeologists used two steps to keep its color. First, they sprayed (喷) a special “water” on it. Then, they covered it in plastic.
Archeologists are facing a new challenge now. They are going to find a way to put the colors onto the clay soldiers again. If they succeed in doing it, people will be able to see what the clay soldiers originally (最初) looked like. It must be very amazing.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子正（T）、误（F）。
46. Qin Shihuang hoped the Terracotta Army would guard him after he died.
47. Some farmers found several clay soldiers in Beijing in 1974.
48. The clay soldiers were light brown when they were made.
49. Archeologists used three steps to keep the clay soldiers’ colors.
50. It’s a new challenge to put the colors onto the clay soldiers again.
【答案】46. T 47. F
48. F 49. F
50. T
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了兵马俑的颜色，考古学家如何保护这些颜色以及考古学家所面临的一个新挑战。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据“He hoped that the army would guard him after he died.”可知，秦始皇希望他死后兵马俑能保护他，表述正确，故答案为T。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In 1974, some farmers found several clay soldiers by accident in Xi’an.”可知，1974年，一些农民在西安偶然发现了几个兵马俑，不是在北京发现的，表述错误，故答案为F。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据“When they were made, they had the colors of white, green, blue, red, purple and yellow.”可知，当它们被制成时，它们有白、绿、蓝、红、紫和黄的颜色，表述错误，故答案为F。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据“After a clay soldier was found, archeologists used two steps to keep its color”可知，考古学家用了两个步骤来保持它的颜色，表述错误，故答案为F。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Archeologists are facing a new challenge now. They are going to find a way to put the colors onto the clay soldiers again”可知，考古学家现在面临着一个新的挑战。他们会想办法把颜色重新涂到粘土士兵身上，表述正确，故答案为T。
D
I’m Wang Jun. Every morning, I run by the seaside near my home. ____51____ He walks on the beach and looks for something. This morning, I stopped running and walked to him.
“Hello! I see you here every morning. ____52____” I asked.
“I’m taking away the stones on the turtles (海龟). There are always some baby turtles under the stones. The stones can stop them from going to the sea, so I come to help these turtles every morning,” he replied.
“It’s really kind of you. ____53____ After all, you can’t help all baby turtles under the stones,” I said.
He smiled and said, “When I see them get out of trouble, I feel so happy. It’s my own way of making a difference.” Then he took away a stone beside him. ____54____ He looked at the turtle and went on, “At least it’s meaningful to this turtle.”
____55____ It’s true that we can’t change the whole world at once. But we can help one person, one animal, or one thing at a time. If everyone can do something good, it will make a big difference.
根据短文内容，将下面选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。
A. What are you doing?
B. He is swimming there.
C. I always see a young man there.
D. I thought about his words in silence.
E. A baby turtle went towards the sea quickly.
F. But do you think you can make a difference?
【答案】51. C 52. A 53. F 54. E 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者总是看到一个人在沙滩上寻找东西，上前询问知道这个人是在寻找石头下的乌龟，他帮助这些小乌龟重回大海。作者感悟到：我们不可能一下子改变整个世界。但我们可以一次帮助一个人，一个动物，或者一件事。如果每个人都能做些好事，就会有很大的影响。
【51题详解】
根据“He walks on the beach and looks for something”可知，此处提到了某个人，C选项“我总是在那里看到一个年轻人”符合，故选C。
【52题详解】
根据“I see you here every morning”及“I’m taking away the stones on the turtles”可知，询问对方在做什么，A选项“你正在做什么”符合，故选A。
【53题详解】
根据“After all, you can’t help all baby turtles under the stones”可知，认为对方这样做没什么意义，F选项“但你觉得你能有影响吗”符合，故选F。
【54题详解】
根据“He looked at the turtle and went on”可知，此处提到了乌龟，E选项“一只小海龟迅速地向大海走去”符合，故选E。
【55题详解】
根据“It’s true that we can’t change the whole world at once”可知，此处是指通过这个人的话想到了一些哲理感悟，D选项“我默默地想着他的话”符合，故选D。
E
Different people have different opinions. This is very common. When you disagree with others, do you know how to deal with disagreement? Here’s some advice.
1 Why not wait and listen to others’ ideas first? If you do that, you will understand them better. It will also help keep the conversation going well.
2 You should express yourself in a polite way when you disagree with others. You can start with these sentences like “I understand your meaning. But I’m afraid I can’t agree with you. What do you think about…instead?”
3 As we know, body language is very important when you are communicating with others. Never cross your arms or point at others while expressing your opinions.
4 Friendship is valuable. Don’t hurt your friends’ feelings when you show your opinions. When your friendship is broken, you may lose your friends.
5 You may learn new things from other people. Think of others’ different opinions carefully, and you may find something good or useful. It’s a good chance for you to learn from them and you can improve yourself quickly.
(a)根据短文内容，从方框中选出每段的主旨大意，其中有一个选项是多余的。
A. Value your friendship.
B. Say goodbye to others.
C. Wait and listen to others.
D. Express yourself in a polite way.
E. Learn from different good opinions.
F. Pay attention to your body language.
____56____ ____57____ ____58____ ____59____ ____60____
(b)根据短文内容，补全下面的思维导图，每空一词。
____61____ ____62____ ____63____ ____64____ ____65____
【答案】56. C 57. D
58. F 59. A
60. E 61. advice
62. well 63. at
64. hurt 65. new
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要就当你不同意别人的意见时，如何处理分歧给出建议。
【56题详解】
根据“Why not wait and listen to others’ ideas first?”可知，为什么不先等等，听听别人的想法呢？选项C“等待并倾听别人的意见”符合语境，故选C。
【57题详解】
根据“You should express yourself in a polite way when you disagree with others.”可知，当你不同意别人的意见时，你应该用礼貌的方式表达自己。选项D“用礼貌的方式表达自己”符合语境，故选D。
【58题详解】
根据“As we know, body language is very important when you are communicating with others.”可知，正如我们所知，当你与他人交流时，肢体语言是非常重要的。选项F“注意你的肢体语言”符合语境，故选F。
【59题详解】
根据“Friendship is valuable.”可知，友谊是宝贵的。选项A“珍惜你的友谊”符合语境，故选A。
【60题详解】
根据“You may learn new things from other people.”可知，你可以从别人那里学到新东西。选项E“从不同的好意见中学习”符合语境，故选E。
【61题详解】
根据“When you disagree with others, do you know how to deal with disagreement? Here’s some advice.”可知，本文就当你不同意别人的意见时，如何处理分歧给出建议。故填advice。
【62题详解】
根据“It will also help keep the conversation going well.”可知，这也有助于保持对话的顺利进行。故填well。
【63题详解】
根据“Never cross your arms or point at others while expressing your opinions.”可知，在表达自己的观点时，不要交叉双臂或指着别人。故填at。
【64题详解】
根据“Don’t hurt your friends’ feelings when you show your opinions.”可知，当你表达自己观点时，不要伤害朋友的感情。故填hurt。
【65题详解】
根据“You may learn new things from other people.”可知，你可以从别人那里学到新东西。故填new。
F
Twenty years ago, Linda was a young mother with two little children depending on her. She worked for eight hours a day as a house cleaner. Washing clothes and doing the cleaning caused her fingers to split (裂开) in the cold and dry air. Before going to work, she needed to bandage her fingers. The heavy burden (负担) made her stressed out and tired.
Linda still remembered that unforgettable day. When she was working for her host, she broke an expensive glass by accident. To her surprise, the host didn’t blame (责备) her. Instead, seeing her tired face and the fingers with bandages, the host let her go home to have a rest. Though the weather was cold, Linda could feel the warmth from her host’s kindness.
Linda went back home tiredly but thankfully. When she opened the door, her son ran up to her and shouted, “Mom!” He put his little arms around her neck. Linda lifted him up and her heart was filled with love. When she was checking her painful fingers, her daughter came to her and passed her the medicine. Linda could see care in her daughter’s eyes.
Linda realized her life is full of love and care. Love and care from the people around her is the thing that keeps her going. And she believes things will get better.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
66. How many children did Linda have?
____________________________________________________
67. When did Linda need to bandage her fingers?
____________________________________________________
68. What did Linda break when she was working for her host?
____________________________________________________
69. Who did Linda see when she opened the door?
____________________________________________________
70. What is the thing that keeps Linda going?
____________________________________________________
【答案】66. Two.
67. Before going to work.
68. An expensive glass.
69. Her son.
70. Love and care from the people around her.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了琳达独自抚养两个孩子，生活的负担使她疲惫不堪。一次无意中把主人的昂贵玻璃杯打碎了，主人不但没有责怪她，反而让她回去好好休息，回家之后看到两个孩子关心的举动和神情，让她意识到她的生活充满了爱和关心。
【66题详解】
根据“Twenty years ago, Linda was a young mother with two little children depending on her.”可知，有两个孩子，故填Two.
【67题详解】
根据“Before going to work, she needed to bandage her fingers.”可知，上班前，她需要用绷带包扎手指，故填Before going to work.
【68题详解】
根据“When she was working for her host, she broke an expensive glass by accident.”可知，当她为主人工作时，不小心打碎了一个昂贵的玻璃杯，故填An expensive glass.
【69题详解】
根据“When she opened the door, her son ran up to her and shouted”可知，她打开门时看到了她的儿子，故填Her son.
【70题详解】
根据“Love and care from the people around her is the thing that keeps her going”可知，周围人的爱和关心是她坚持下去的动力，故填Love and care from the people around her.
三、写作（15分）
VII.根据要求，完成写作。（15分）
71. 青少年应勤于反思，在自我反思中正确认识自己、不断完善自己。请以“Self-reflection Makes Me Become Better”为题，结合自己的成长历程，从学习、运动、劳动等方面，用英语写一篇短文。
内容包括：
（1）结合实际，谈谈自我反思的重要性；
（2）列举自身存在的至少一个优点，并据此提出如何保持优点的方法；
（3）列举自身存在的至少一处不足，并据此提出如何改进不足的方法；
（4）发出自我反思的倡议。
写作要求：
（1）语言流畅，层次清晰，内容可以适当发挥；
（2）词数90-100，开头部分已经给出，不计入总词数；
（3）书写规范，卷面整洁；
（4）文中不能出现考生姓名和学校名称。
参考词汇：self-reflection n. 自我反思 reflect on sth. 反思（往事）
Self-reflection Makes Me Become Better
We teenagers should always reflect on the past because self-reflection makes us become better. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
Self-reflection Makes Me Become Better
We teenagers should always reflect on the past because self-reflection makes us become better. Through self-reflection, we can find out the advantages and disadvantages of what we did, and strive to do it perfectly the next time.
I like reading. It can not only increase my knowledge, but also open my eyes. If you want to develop a good habit of reading, you must stick to the good habit of reading, and keep writing after reading to improve your interest in reading. But I sometimes read so inaccurately that some of the author’s intentions cannot be understood. In the future I will read sentence by sentence to get rid of this bad habit.
So let’s do some serious self-reflection together to make us better ourselves.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。
[写作步骤]
第一步，谈谈自我反思的重要性；
第二步，列举自身存在的至少一个优点，并据此提出如何保持优点的方法；列举自身存在的至少一处不足，并据此提出如何改进不足的方法；
第三步，发出自我反思的倡议。
[亮点词汇]
①strive to do努力做
②not only…but also不但……而且……
③develop a good habit of培养成一个……的好习惯
④get rid of摆脱
[高分句型]
①We teenagers should always reflect on the past because self-reflection makes us become better.（because引导原因状语从句）
②If you want to develop a good habit of reading, you must stick to the good habit of reading, and keep writing after reading to improve your interest in reading.（if引导的条件状语从句）
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