【壹铭高考真题】10 2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷) 英语试卷

这是一份【壹铭高考真题】10 2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷) 英语试卷，共10页。试卷主要包含了5分,共15分)等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分　英语知识运用(共两节,30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)
　　阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
　　Recently,I took a trip home by train.I got a seat opposite a middle-aged man with sharp eyes,who kept 　1　 a young woman in a window seat with a little boy on her lap.The woman?s eye fell on the man?s face,and she immediately looked down and 　2　 her scarf. 
　　As the night wore on,people began to close their eyes,but the seats were so uncomfortable that only a very heavy sleeper could manage to get any 　3　.The woman looked over at the man.He was still staring at her.She looked back at him with fire in her eyes.I was beginning to get 　4　,too. 
　　The train moved on.The little boy was 　5　 awake on his mother?s lap,but the woman dropped off to sleep.A moment later,he began to 　6　 the half-open window—one leg went over it.The man jumped up and 　7　 the child just before he fell out. 
　　The 　8　 woke up the woman.She seemed to be in 　9　,and then reality dawned (显现).“Your child has been looking for an opportunity to climb out of the window,” the man said as he gave the child back to her.“So I have been watching the whole time.” The woman was 　10　,and so was I. 
1.A.guiding　　　　　　　B.bothering
C.watching D.monitoring
2.A.adjusted B.changed
C.packed D.waved
3.A.air　　　B.joy C.space　　　D.rest
4.A.nervous B.embarrassed
C.angry D.disappointed
5.A.almost B.still
C.hardly D.even
6.A.drag B.climb
C.knock D.push
7.A.grabbed B.rocked
C.touched D.picked
8.A.alarm B.quarrel
C.risk D.noise
9.A.sorrow B.relief
C.panic D.pain
10.A.astonished B.confused
C.concerned D.inspired
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)
　　阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
　　Why do we dream? Scientists aren?t completely sure,and they have diverse 11.　　　　 (idea).Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything 12.　　　　 happened during the day,trying to link new experiences to old memories.As it 13.　　　　(connect) things,your brain turns them into a story,and you get a dream. 
B
　　Sam is an in-real-life streamer(播主),and he live streams himself just going about his day.While riding his bike home 14.　　　　 a cold night,he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself.The poor woman wasn?t able to give him any information about 15.　　　　 she lived.Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could 16.　　　　(safe) wait for the police to take her home. 
C
　　There 17.　　　　 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years,18.　　　　(cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations.From 2000 to 2019,there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world,19.　　　　(result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss.Much of this increase can be due to climate change.The findings show a critical need 20.　　　　 (invest) in disaster prevention. 
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节,38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分,共28分)
　　阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
　　If you are planning to start a career in the field of education,science,or culture,then an internship(实习)at UNESCO will be ideal for you.
　　Who can apply?
　　●You have completed your full-time university studies;or.
　　●You are studying in a graduate program for a master?s degree.
　　●Applicants in technical assignments must have reached the last year of their studies in a technical institution.
　　What are the requirements?
　　●You must be at least 20 years old.
　　●You should have a good command(掌握) of either English or French.
　　●You must have an excellent knowledge of office-related software.
　　●You should be able to work well in a team and adapt to an international working environment.
　　●You should possess strong interpersonal and communication skills.
　　What do you need to prepare?
　　●Visa:You should obtain the necessary visas.
　　●Travel:You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the location where you will do your internship.
　　●Medical insurance: You must show proof of a comprehensive health insurance valid(有效的) in the target country for the entire period of the internship.UNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to USD 30,000 for the internship period.
　　●Medical certificate:You must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit to work.
　　●Motivation letter:You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application form.
　　Your application will be accessed by UNESCO managers and will stay in our database for six months.We do not respond to every candidate.If selected,you will be contacted by a manager.If you do not receive any update within six months,it means that your application has not been successful.
21.According to this passage,applicants are required to 　　　　. 
A.hold a master?s degree in science
B.have international work experience
C.be fluent in either English or French
D.present a letter from a technical institution
22.What will UNESCO provide for the internship period?
A.Limited medical insurance coverage.
B.Training in communication skills.
C.A medical certificate for work.
D.Financial support for travel.
23.What should applicants do before filling out the application form?
A.Contact UNESCO managers.
B.Get access to the database.
C.Keep a motivation letter at hand.
D.Work in a team for six months.
B
　　I remember the day during our first week of class when we were informed about our semester(学期) project of volunteering at a non-profit organization.When the teacher introduced us to the different organizations that needed our help,my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children (OIC).My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind.
　　Then,an OIC representative gave us some details,which somewhat interested me.After doing some research,I believed that we could really do something for those kids.When I went online to the OIC website,I saw pictures of the Iraqi children.Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair(绝望) and need that I joined this project without hesitation.We decided to collect as many school supplies as possible,and make them into kits—one kit,one child.
　　The most rewarding day for our group was project day,when all the efforts we put into collecting the items finally came together.When I saw the various supplies we had collected,it hit me that every kit we were to build that day would eventually be in the hands of an Iraqi child.Over the past four months,I had never imagined how I would feel once our project was completed.While making the kits,I realized that I had lost sight of the true meaning behind it.I had only focused on the fact that it was another school project and one I wanted to get a good grade on.When the kits were completed,and ready to be sent overseas,the warm feeling I had was one I would never forget.
　　In the beginning,I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another person.Now that our project is over,I realize that I have affected not only one life,but ten.With our efforts,ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education.
24.How did the author feel about joining the OIC project in the beginning?
A.It would affect his/her initial plans.
B.It would involve traveling overseas.
C.It would not bring him/her a good grade.
D.It would not live up to his/her expectations.
25.What mainly helped the author change his/her attitude toward the project?
A.Images of Iraqi children.
B.Research by his/her classmates.
C.A teacher?s introduction.
D.A representative?s comments.
26.The author?s OIC project group would help ten Iraqi children to 　　　　. 
A.become OIC volunteers
B.further their education
C.study in foreign countries
D.influence other children
27.What can we conclude from this passage?
A.One?s potential cannot always be underrated.
B.First impression cannot always be trusted.
C.Actions speak louder than words.
D.He who hesitates is lost.
C
　　Hundreds of scientists,writers and academics sounded a warning to humanity in an open letter published last December: Policymakers and the rest of us must engage openly with the risk of global collapse.Researchers in many areas have projected the widespread collapse as “a credible scenario(情景) this century”.
　　A survey of scientists found that extreme weather events,food insecurity,and freshwater shortages might create global collapse.Of course,if you are a non-human species,collapse is well underway.
　　The call for public engagement with the unthinkable is especially germane in this moment of still-uncontrolled pandemic and economic crises in the world?s most technologically advanced nations.Not very long ago,it was also unthinkable that a virus would shut down nations and that safety nets would be proven so disastrously lacking in flexibility.
　　The international scholars? warning letter doesn?t say exactly what collapse will look like or when it might happen.Collapseology,the study of collapse,is more concerned with identifying trends and with them the dangers of everyday civilization.Among the signatories(签署者) of the warning was Bob Johnson,the originator of the “ecological footprint” concept,which measures the total amount of environmental input needed to maintain a given lifestyle.With the current footprint of humanity,“it seems that global collapse is certain to happen in some form,possibly within a decade,certainly within this century,” Johnson said in an email.
　　“Only if we discuss the consequences of our biophysical limits,” the December warning letter says,“can we have the hope to reduce their speed,severity and harm”.And yet messengers of the coming disturbance are likely to be ignored.We all want to hope things will turn out fine.As a poet wrote,
Man is a victim of dope(麻醉品)
In the incurable form of hope.
　　The hundreds of scholars who signed the letter are intent(执着) on quieting hope that ignores preparedness.“Let?s look directly into the issue of collapse,” they say,“and deal with the terrible possibilities of what we see there to make the best of a troubling future.”
28.What does the underlined word “germane” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Scientific. B.Credible.
C.Original. D.Relevant.
29.As for the public awareness of global collapse,the author is 　　　　. 
A.worried B.puzzled
C.surprised D.scared
30.What can we learn from this passage?
A.The signatories may change the biophysical limits.
B.The author agrees with the message of the poem.
C.The issue of collapse is being prioritized.
D.The global collapse is well underway.
D
　　Early fifth-century philosopher St.Augustine famously wrote that he knew what time was unless someone asked him.Albert Einstein added another wrinkle when he theorized that time varies depending on where you measure it.Today?s state-of-the-art atomic(原子的) clocks have proven Einstein right.Even advanced physics can?t decisively tell us what time is,because the answer depends on the question you?re asking.
　　Forget about time as an absolute.What if,instead of considering time in terms of astronomy,we related time to ecology? What if we allowed environmental conditions to set the tempo (节奏) of human life? We?re increasingly aware of the fact that we can?t control Earth systems with engineering alone,and realizing that we need to moderate(调节) our actions if we hope to live in balance.What if our definition of time reflected that?
　　Recently,I conceptualized a new approach to timekeeping that?s connected to circumstances on our planet,conditions that might change as a result of global warming.We?re now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers,which are sensitive to local and global environmental changes.We?ve programmed it to match an atomic clock if the waterways continue to flow at their present rate.If the rivers run faster in the future on average,the clock will get ahead of standard time.If they run slower,you?ll see the opposite effect.
　　The clock registers both short-term irregularities and long-term trends in river dynamics.It?s a sort of observatory that reveals how the rivers are behaving from their own temporal frame(时间框架),and allows us to witness those changes on our smartwatches or phones.Anyone who opts to go on Alaska Mean River Time will live in harmony with the planet.Anyone who considers river time in relation to atomic time will encounter a major imbalance and may be motivated to counteract it by consuming less fuel or supporting greener policies.
　　Even if this method of timekeeping is novel in its particulars,early agricultural societies also connected time to natural phenomena.In pre-Classical Greece,for instance,people “corrected” official calendars by shifting dates forward or backward to reflect the change of season.Temporal connection to the environment was vital to their survival.Likewise,river time and other timekeeping systems we?re developing may encourage environmental awareness.
　　When St.Augustine admitted his inability to define time,he highlighted one of time?s most noticeable qualities:Time becomes meaningful only in a defined context.Any timekeeping system is valid,and each is as praiseworthy as its purpose.
31.What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A.Timekeeping is increasingly related to nature.
B.Everyone can define time on their own terms.
C.The qualities of time vary with how you measure it.
D.Time is a major concern of philosophers and scientists.
32.The author raises three questions in Paragraph 2 mainly to　　　　. 
A.present an assumption
B.evaluate an argument
C.highlight an experiment
D.introduce an approach
33.What can we learn from this passage?
A.Those who do not go on river time will live an imbalanced life.
B.New ways of measuring time can help to control Earth systems.
C.Atomic time will get ahead of river time if the rivers run slower.
D.Modern technology may help to shape the rivers? temporal frame.
34.What can we infer from this passage?
A.It is crucial to improve the definition of time.
B.A fixed frame will make time meaningless.
C.We should live in harmony with nature.
D.History is a mirror reflecting reality.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)
　　根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
　　Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people.　35　 The mental health benefits from music can?t be argued.Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes. 
　　　36　 However,for the same reason,music can be very beneficial if one is in pain.By distracting (分心) the mind from the pain,music,people say,can lower stress and anxiety levels.This,of course,can lead to less pain. 
　　Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed.　37　 While the validity of the idea is still being assessed,the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure.Similarly,according to researchers,listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels,through the lowering of stress and anxiety. 
　　When it comes to heart health,there is speculation(推测) that it?s not the style of music, but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health.In one European study,participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure.　38　 On the other hand,when the music slowed,the participants? stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit. 
　　　39　 But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for,which is what makes music so valuable. 
A.This feeling can also result in many other health problems.
B.Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud.
C.This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing.
D.They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep.
E.The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive.
F.It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety.
G.Interestingly,the more cheerful the music was,the faster their heart rates were.
第三部分　书面表达(共两节,32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分,第42题3分,第43题5分,共12分)
　　阅读下面短文,根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
　　Recent research suggests that if an argument gets resolved,the emotional response tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased.Thus,it may be worth bringing up issues with your friends,family members,or classmates rather than holding them back.
　　There is a difference between arguing and fighting.Arguing is that you and your opponent present your concerns and discuss the feelings and issues related to those concerns.You can engage in an argument respectfully without stirring up(激起) anger.Fighting,however,usually involves personal attacks,raising of voices,and storming out.
　　Discussing your issues and resolving them instead of stuffing them down can improve your emotional health.In a study,2,000 people were asked to record their feelings and experiences for eight days in a row.When people had an argument that they considered resolved,they had half the reactivity(情绪反应) of those who avoided an argument.Reactivity is an increase in negative emotions or a decrease in positive emotions.In other words,resolving an argument cuts your negative feelings by half.One day later,people who had a resolved argument reported no increase of negative emotions compared with those who avoided an argument.This means that resolving an argument can feel like you have reached a state of resolution—and you are less likely to be annoyed.
　　Moreover,the older you are,the more likely you will come to a resolution after an argument.This may be because more life experience usually leads to more defined priorities.You are more likely to distinguish between what matters and what does not.
　　It is easier to avoid a discussion,but risking talking about it may eventually lead to a better outcome.
40.According to this passage,what is arguing?
41.Why is it that “the older you are,the more likely you will come to a resolution after an argument”?
42.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why.
　　Resolving arguments can improve your emotional health,because it increases your reactivity and reduces the chance of you getting angry.
43.In addition to improving emotional health,what do you think are some other benefits of resolving an argument? (In about 40 words)
第二节(20分)
　　假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你和英国好友Jim原定本周末一起外出,你因故不能赴约。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件,内容包括:
1.表达歉意并说明原因;
2.提出建议并给出理由。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
 
 
 
 
 
Yours,
Li Hua
































●102021年英语(北京卷)
英语知识运用
第一节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在火车上一位男子救下了爬上窗户的顽皮孩子的故事。文章告诉我们:很多事情不能只看表面。
1.C　根据上文的“with sharp eyes(有着敏锐的目光)”以及第二段的“He was still staring at her(他仍然盯着她看) ”可知,中年男子一直在看着(watching)一名年轻的女子。此处为同义词复现。
【技巧点拨】利用词汇复现,寻找近义词语
词汇复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段。它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念,使整篇文章上下连贯,有机地衔接在一起。因此,考生可根据文章的具体情况理解文章的结构和语境,利用文章中的语义复现来选择正确的答案。
2.A　根据空格处and 前的动词“looked down(低下头)”和空格后提到的围巾可知,女人因为感到尴尬而低头故意整理(adjusted)围巾。
3.D　根据上文的“As the night wore on,people began to close their eyes(夜渐渐深了,人们开始闭上眼睛)”可知,此处指座位太不舒服了,只有睡得很沉的人才能设法休息(rest)。
4.C　根据“She looked back at him with fire in her eyes”以及空格后too可知,作者和那位女士的情绪一样是生气的(angry)。
5.B　根据下文的“but the woman dropped off to sleep”中的but可知,小男孩仍然(still)醒着。
6.B　根据下文的“one leg went over it”可知,他开始爬上(climb)半开着的窗户——一条腿跨过了窗户。
7.A　根据“before he fell out”可知,男人跳起来是为了阻止孩子掉下去,所以要抓住(grabbed)他。
8.D　根据上文“The man jumped up and grabbed the child just before he fell out”可知,男人和孩子一定是弄出了很大的声音(noise),把那位女士吵醒了。
9.C　根据上文可知,女人对男人的印象不好,女人醒来看到男人抓着自己的孩子,一定是恐慌的(panic)。
10.A　根据空格前的 “Your child has been looking for an opportunity to climb out of the window”和“So I have been watching the whole time” 可知,女人对男人的印象不好,但是男人却在时刻注意着她的孩子,所以女士感到惊讶(astonished)。
第二节
A
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了我们会做梦的原因。
11.ideas　考查可数名词的数。句意:科学家们还不能完全确定,他们有不同的想法。diverse意为“不同的,多种多样的”,后接可数名词的复数形式,故填ideas。
12.that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,所填的词引导定语从句,先行词是不定代词everything,关系词在定语从句中做主语,所以填关系代词that。
13.connects　考查时态。根据主句的谓语动词“turns”可知,从句的谓语动词也应该用一般现在时。由于主语是第三人称单数it,所以填connects。
B
【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了生活播主Sam救助一个老太太的故事。
14.on　考查介词。 表示“在具体的某一天”或“(在具体的某一天的)早上、中午、晚上”等,须用介词on。
15.where　考查宾语从句。根据空后的“she lived”可知,此处意为“这个可怜的老太太说不清楚她住在哪里”。根据句意,此处用where引导宾语从句。
16.safely　考查副词。分析句子成分可知,所填的词修饰动词短语“wait for the police”,所以用副词做状语,故填safely。
C
【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。在过去的20年里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增加,造成了极大的经济损失,因此人们急需投资于灾害预防。
17.has been　考查动词时态。句意:根据联合国的一份新报告,过去20年里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增加,这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语“over the past 20 years”可知,句子的时态要用现在完成时,主语是a dramatic rise,所以填has been。
18.caused　考查非谓语动词。所填的词和“a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events”是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用动词-ed形式。
19.resulting　考查非谓语动词。“7,348 major natural disasters”与result是逻辑上的主谓关系,且表示一种自然的结果,所以用动词-ing形式做结果状语。
20.to invest　考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,所填的词做定语修饰need,表示未来的动作,所以用不定式,故填to invest。
阅读理解
第一节
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了联合国教科文组织的实习项目。
21.C　细节理解题。根据What are the requirements?部分中的“You should have a good command of either English or French.(你应该精通英语或法语)”可知,申请者必须精通英语或法语。故选C项。
22.A　细节理解题。根据What do you need to prepare?部分中的“UNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to USD 30,000 for the internship period.”可知,联合国教科文组织将为实习生提供有限的医疗保险。故选A项。
23.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application form.”可知,在填写申请表之前,申请人应把动机信准备好。故选C项。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者一开始认为加入伊拉克儿童行动项目(OIC)不会达到他的期望,但是最后通过努力对自己和他人都带来了影响。
24.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind.(我对这个组织的第一印象是,它不会对我心中的计划产生足够大的影响)”可知,一开始作者认为加入伊拉克儿童行动项目不会达到他的期望。故选D项。
25.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When I went online to the OIC website,I saw pictures of the Iraqi children.Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair and need that I joined this project without hesitation.(当我上网访问OIC 网站时,我看到了伊拉克儿童的照片。他们的脸上有力地传达出了他们的绝望和需要帮助的信息,我毫不犹豫地加入了这个项目)”可知,伊拉克儿童图片让作者改变了他对这个项目的态度。故选A项。
26.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“With our efforts,ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education.”可知,作者所在的伊拉克儿童行动组织将帮助十个伊拉克儿童继续接受教育。故选B项。
27.B　推理判断题。通读全文可知,一开始作者认为加入伊拉克儿童行动项目不会达到自己的期望,但是最后通过努力对自己和他人都带来了影响,这说明第一印象并不总是可信的。故选B项。
C
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,文章阐述了全球崩塌(global collapse)的概念。数百名科学家、作家和学者在去年12月发表的一封公开信中向全人类发出了警告:政策制定者和我们每个人必须直面“全球崩塌”的风险。
28.D　词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句的“The call for public engagement with the unthinkable is ... (呼吁公众对世界不确定性的关注……)”,结合下文的“...in this moment of still-uncontrolled pandemic and economic crises in the world?s most technologically advanced nations.(……此时此刻,在世界上技术最先进的国家,仍处于无法控制流行病和经济危机的泥潭中)”可知,世界充满了不确定性,而此时此刻呼吁人们对这种“unthinkable”加以关注,正是和世界实际情况密切相关的。D项“相关的”符合语境。故选D项。
29.A　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“And yet messengers of the coming disturbance are likely to be ignored.We all want to hope things will turn out fine.(然而未来崩溃的先行信号很可能被忽略。我们都希望事情在未来会变好)”可知,作者认为公众对“全球崩塌”的重视意识不够,比较担心。故选A项。
30.B　推理判断题。“Man is a victim of dope;In the incurable form of hope.(人类是麻醉品的受害者;沉迷于无可救药的幻想中)”表达的是,人类无视未来全球崩塌的巨大危险,把头埋进沙子里,假装不知道,充满着不切实际的幻想和希望。诗歌之后的一段则借学者之口,提到“让我们直面全球崩塌的议题,真正去解决我们看到的可能的糟糕情况,使未来没那么糟”。由此可见,上下文一脉相承,表达相同的观点,没有对另一方的观点有任何呈现。理解文章后可知,作者对于这首诗所表达的信息是赞同的。故选B项。
D
【语篇导读】本文是议论文。文章通过讨论时间的定义,讲述了人们应该和大自然和谐相处,保护环境。
31.B　主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Even advanced physics can?t decisively tell us what time is,because the answer depends on the question you?re asking.(即使是先进的物理学也不能决定性地告诉我们时间是什么,因为答案取决于你要问的问题)”以及上文列举的St.Augustine和Albert Einstein对于时间的定义可知,第一段主要讲述每个人都可以用自己的话来定义时间。故选B项。
32.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We?re increasingly aware of the fact that we can?t control Earth systems with engineering alone,and realizing that we need to moderate our actions if we hope to live in balance.(我们越来越意识到,我们不能只是用工程学来控制地球系统,意识到,如果我们希望保持平衡,我们就需要调节我们的行动)”,再结合三个问题“如果我们不考虑天文学方面的时间,而是将时间与生态学联系起来呢?如果我们允许环境条件来设定人类生活的节奏呢?如果时间的定义反映那些会怎么样呢?”可知,第二段提出的三个问题是为了介绍方法。故选D项。
33.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If the rivers run faster in the future on average,the clock will get ahead of standard time.If they run slower,you?ll see the opposite effect.(如果河流在未来的平均运行速度更快,时间就会超过标准时间。如果它们的运行速度较慢,你就会看到相反的效果)”可知,如果河流运行速度得较慢,原子时间将超过河流时间。故选C项。
34.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“...and realizing that we need to moderate our actions if we hope to live in balance.(意识到,如果我们希望保持平衡,我们就需要调节我们的行动)”和倒数第二段的“Temporal connection to the environment was vital to their survival.Likewise,river time and other timekeeping systems we?re developing may encourage environmental awareness.(时间与环境的暂时联系对它们的生存至关重要。同样,河流时间和我们正在开发的其他时间计时系统也可能会鼓励人们提高环境意识)”可知,我们应该与自然和谐共处,保护环境。故选C项。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是音乐对人们身心的好处。
35.F　根据下文的“The mental health benefits from music can?t be argued.(音乐对心理健康的益处是毋庸置疑的)”可知,F选项符合语境。其中的“stress and anxiety”照应了下文的“mental health benefits”。
36.B　下文提到“However,for the same reason,music can be very beneficial if one is in pain(然而,出于同样的原因,当一个人处于痛苦中时,音乐是非常有益的)”。根据“However”可知,空格处应该是对音乐的负面评价。B项“Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud”中的“harmful”就是负面评价。
37.D　根据上文的“Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed.(许多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前听些轻松的音乐)”可知,D项可承接上文。其中的“They”指代“Many people”,而且“sleep”和“going to bed”为同义词语复现。
38.G　根据上文的“In one European study,participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure.(在欧洲的一项研究中,参与者听音乐,研究人员监测他们的心率和血压)”可知,G项“Interestingly,the more cheerful the music was,the faster their heart rates were”是实验的结果。其中的“heart rates”为同词复现。
39.E　根据下文的“But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for,which is what makes music so valuable.(但是,开着收音机还可以对一系列其他的健康问题有益,这就是音乐如此有价值的原因)”可知,本段讲的是音乐对身体总的好处,E项“The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive.(音乐对整体幸福感的影响确实令人印象深刻)”可作为本段的主题句。
写作
第一节
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。最近的研究表明,如果争吵得到解决,与之相关的情绪反应会显著减少或几乎完全消除。因此,向你的朋友、家人或同学提出问题可能是值得的。
40.Arguing is discussing your worries,related feelings and problems with the other party.
41.It is because more life experience may help people better identify priorities in life.
42.Resolving arguments can improve your emotional health,because it increases your reactivity and reduces the chance of you getting angry. 
Resolving arguments helps to decrease your reactivity.
43.As far as I am concerned,resolving arguments can also improve people?s logical thinking and resilience.Resolving arguments can smooth away the barriers between people,so it can improve their relationship with each other and do what they are doing better.
第二节
Dear Jim, 
　　I?m sorry to inform you that I can?t go out with you this weekend.I?ve just been told that I have to go and visit my sick grandfather in the countryside,who was ill in hospital.I hope the change won?t cause you too much trouble.
　　How about going out next Saturday morning? If it?s convenient for you,let?s meet at the school gate at 9:00.If not,please let me know what time suits you best.I should be available anytime next weekend.
　　I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua