真题重组卷05（北京专用）- 冲刺2024年高考英语真题重组卷（北京专用）

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注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
本试卷共19页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
（2023·北京东城·统考一模）Bernard, the 82-year-ld retired plice fficer, was heartbrken when he 1 his precius medal. His huse was brken int last December. The thief tk away sme jewelry, sme cash and his treasured medal given fr his 32 years f 2 with Liverpl Plice Statin. He believed the medal was gne frever.
Three mnths later, David, a yung vlunteer pulled the medal frm a river in a “ne-in-a-millin” catch. The yung man was in a litter clean-up prgramme in Liverpl. He had been using a large magnet (磁铁) t 3 metal rubbish ut f the river fr 30 minutes when he fund a small blue metal bx.
“I wuld have never fund the medal if we hadn’t 4 all the rubbish in the river first,” said David. “At first, we fund ld bits f shpping carts and ther metal items but abut half an hur later, I pulled ut the 5 , and it’s gt ‘Plice Lng Service Medal’ written n it, It really was like finding a needle in a haystack (干草堆).”
6 , the medal was carved with Bernard’s name and the medal number, which David used t 7 the senir’s phne number nline. The retired plice fficer was 8 when he received a call saying the medal had been fund in a river, still in its metal bx. And when he was tld it wuld be 9 t him by the yung man wh fund it, his face lit up. David then planned a visit t meet Bernard and returned the medal t him.
“This was truly the best 10 fr cleaning up that rubbish... It’s amazing,” David said.
1．A．damagedB．lstC．sldD．dirtied
2．A．businessB．cmmunicatinC．cperatinD．service
3．A．netB．siteC．cupD．fish
4．A．tackledB．desertedC．recycledD．buried
5．A．magnetB．rubbishC．bxD．jewelry
6．A．ApparentlyB．ThankfullyC．GraduallyD．Cnsequently
7．A．trackB．recallC．recrdD．dial
8．A．nervusB．astnishedC．prudD．embarrassed
9．A．awardedB．submittedC．presentedD．addressed
10．A．driveB．prfC．wishD．reward
【答案】
1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D
【导语】本文为一记叙文。退休警察贝尔纳家遭小偷光顾，丢失的物件包括他珍贵的勋章，三个月后，利物浦参加垃圾清理计划的志愿者大卫在河道清理时，意外打捞到装有勋章的盒子，并按照上面的信息，找到了他，并交还给了他。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：贝尔纳是一名82岁的退休警察，他失去了珍贵的勋章，伤心欲绝。A. damaged损坏；B. lst丢失；C. sld出售；D. dirtied弄脏。根据第一段“The thief tk away sme jewelry, sme cash and his treasured medal given fr his 32 years f ____2____ with Liverpl Plice Statin. (小偷偷走了一些珠宝、现金和他因在利物浦警察局工作32年而获得的珍贵勋章。)”可知，小偷偷了贝尔纳的勋章，所以贝尔纳失去了（lst）勋章。故选B项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：小偷偷走了一些珠宝、现金和他因在利物浦警察局任职32年而获得的珍贵勋章。A. business业务；B. cmmunicatin沟通；C. cperatin合作；D. service服务。根据句中的his treasured medal given fr his 32 years可知，这个勋章是因为他多年的工作而得到的，此处考查名词serve，意为“长期、受到敬重的工作，效劳，服务”，常用名词短语service with…，意为“在……任职，工作”，故选D项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用一块大磁铁从河里打捞金属垃圾30分钟后，他发现了一个蓝色的小金属盒子。A. net净赚；B. site使坐落在；C. cup做成杯状；D. fish搜寻，摸找。此处考查动词短语fish sth ut f sth，意为“从……中取出，拿出，拖出……”，根据上一句“The yung man was in a litter clean-up prgramme in Liverpl. (这名年轻人正在利物浦参加垃圾清理计划。)”，磁铁可以吸附一些金属，故这位年轻人用磁铁吸附河道里的金属垃圾，以清理河道。故选D项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们没有先处理河里的所有垃圾，我永远不会找到勋章。A. tackled处理；B. deserted遗弃；C. recycled回收；D. buried掩埋。根据上文“The yung man was in a litter clean-up prgramme in Liverpl. He had been using a large magnet (磁铁) t ____3____ metal rubbish ut f the river fr 30 minutes when he fund a small blue metal bx. (这名年轻人正在利物浦参加垃圾清理计划。他用一块大磁铁从河里打捞金属垃圾30分钟后，他发现了一个蓝色的小金属盒子。)”可知，这个垃圾清理计划包括了清理河道里的金属垃圾，tackled符合语境。故选A项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我们发现了购物车和其他金属物品的旧碎片，但大约半小时后，我拽出一个盒子，上面写着“警察长期服务勋章”，真的就像大海捞针一样。A. magnet磁铁；B. rubbish垃圾；C. bx盒子；D. jewelry珠宝。根据下文“The retired plice fficer was ____8____ when he received a call saying the medal had been fund in a river, still in its metal bx. (当这位退休警官接到电话说勋章在河里被发现时，勋章还装在金属盒子里，他非常惊讶。)”可知，勋章存放在盒子（bx）里。故选C项。
6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，奖章上刻着伯纳德的名字和奖章号码，大卫用它在网上追踪了这位前辈的电话号码。A. Apparently显然；B. Thankfully谢天谢地；C. Gradually逐渐；D. Cnsequently因此。能够通过勋章上的信息找到失主，是一件庆幸的事，Thankfully符合语境。故选B项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，奖章上刻着伯纳德的名字和奖章号码，大卫用它在网上追踪了这位前辈的电话号码。A. track追查；B. recall回想起；C. recrd记录；D. dial拨号。句中的the medal was carved with Bernard’s name and the medal number可知，勋章上的信息方便David追查（track）到失主的电话号码。故选A项。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：(当这位退休警官接到电话说勋章在河里被发现时，勋章还装在金属盒子里，他非常惊讶。A. nervus紧张的；B. astnished惊讶的；C. prud骄傲的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据第一段最后一句“He believed the medal was gne frever. (他以为奖章永远消失了。)”可知，原本伯纳德认为，勋章再也找不回来了，但现在有人打电话告知勋章的下落，他惊讶，在情理之中。故选B项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他被告知发现它的年轻人将把它交给他时，他的脸上露出了笑容。A. awarded授予；B. submitted屈服；C. presented提交，交给；D. addressed致辞。根据下文“David then planned a visit t meet Bernard and returned the medal t him. (随后，大卫计划去拜访伯纳德，并把奖章还给了他。)”可知，David不但找到了失主，还亲自把勋章交给了（presented）他。故选C项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这确实是清理垃圾的最好回报。A. drive驱动；B. prf证明；C. wish愿望；D. reward奖励，回报。根据下文“It’s amazing (这事令人惊奇)”，上文“I pulled ut the ____5____ , and it’s gt ‘Plice Lng Service Medal’ written n it, It really was like finding a needle in a haystack (干草堆). (我拽出一个盒子，上面写着‘警察长期服务勋章’，真的就像大海捞针一样。)”可知，清理河道金属垃圾的过程中，意外发现勋章，并归还失主，实属意料之外的好事，reward符合语境。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
（2019·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On the first day f my first grade, I std by the dr with butterflies in my stmach. I 11 (vice) my biggest cncern t my mther. “Hw will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yurself.” Fr the past 20 years, I have lived by these wrds. Sn I will graduate and becme part f the real wrld. Nervusly 12 (face) challenges, I knw I will whisper t 13 (I) the tw simple wrds “Be yurself”.
【答案】11．viced 12．facing 13．myself
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者在一年级的第一天，对交友感到困惑，妈妈的建议Be yurself（做自己）让作者受益良多。
11．考查时态。句意：我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧，“我将如何交朋友？”此处的vice是动词，“表达”的意思，作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情，用一般过去时。故填viced。
12．考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yurself”。分析句式可知，此处是作句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。
13．考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yurself”。本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。
B
（2019·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Earth Day, 14 (mark) n 22 April, is an annual event aiming t raise public awareness abut envirnmental prtectin. First celebrated 15 1970, the Day nw includes events in mre than 190 cuntries and regins(地区). N matter what yu like t d, there is a way t get invlved in varius 16 (activity) n Earth Day. Yu can plant a tree, make a meal with lcally grwn vegetables, r save pwer—the pssibilities are endless.
【答案】14．marked 15．in 16．activities
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地球日这一节日的历史和意义。
14．考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知，设空处是要作名词Earth Day的后置定语，且两者之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填marked。
15．考查介词。句意：第一次庆祝是在1970年。如今，这一天的活动遍及190多个国家和地区。在年份前要用介词in。故填in。
16．考查名词。句意：无论你喜欢做什么，有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。根据设空前的修饰词varius可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。故填activities。
C
（2020·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Single-use plastic bags are used at mst a few times befre they 17 (thrw) away. It takes them hundreds f years 18 (break) dwn. Many f these bags end up in the cean where larger nes can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dlphins. Over time, the bags fall apart 19 cuntless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat sme f them. Nw, lts f 20 (cuntry) and regins are taking actin t ban the sale f such bags t stp peple using them.
【答案】17．are thrwn 18．t break 19．int/t 20．cuntries
【分析】这是一篇说明文，介绍了一次性塑料袋的危害，应禁止使用。
17．考查时态语态。句意：一次性塑料袋在扔掉之前最多使用几次。本文讲的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，主语they（Single-use plastic bags ）和谓语动词thrw之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且谓语动词用复数形式。故填are thrwn。
18．考查动词不定式。句意：它们用几百年的时间才分解。固定句型It takes sb./sth. +一段时间+ t d sth.（花某人/物多长时间干某事），此处用动词不定式（t d ）作真正主语，It形式主语。故填t break。
19．考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，这些袋子分解成成无数的小碎片，鱼可能会不小心吃掉其中一些。固定搭配fall apart int/t...（分崩离析成……），介词int/t可表“进入……之中/变成……”。故填int/t。
20．考查名词的数。句意：现在，许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售这种袋子，以阻止人们使用。lts f修饰可数名词复数，故填cuntries。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
（2021·北京·高考真题）If yu are planning t start a career in the field f educatin，science，r culture，then an internship（实习） at UNESCO will be ideal fr yu．
Wh can apply？
 Yu have cmpleted yur full-time university studies；r．
 Yu are studying in a graduate prgram fr a master's degree．
 Applicants in technical assignments must have reached the last year f their studies in a technical institutin．
What are the requirements？
 Yu must be at least 20 years ld．
 Yu shuld have a gd cmmand （掌握） f either English r French．
 Yu must have an excellent knwledge f ffice-related sftware．
 Yu shuld be able t wrk well in a team and adapt t an internatinal wrking envirnment．
 Yu shuld pssess strng interpersnal and cmmunicatin skills．
What d yu need t prepare？
 Visa：Yu shuld btain the necessary visas．
 Travel：Yu must arrange and finance yur travel t and frm the lcatin where yu will d yur internship．
 Medical insurance：Yu must shw prf f a cmprehensive health insurance valid（有效的）in the target cuntry fr the entire perid f the internship．UNESCO will prvide limited insurance cverage up t USD30,000 fr the internship perid．
 Medical certificate：Yu must prvide a medical certificate indicating yu are fit t wrk．
 Mtivatin letter：Yu shuld have yur mtivatin letter ready befre filling ut the applicatin frm．
Yur applicatin will be accessed by UNESCO managers and will stay in ur database fr six mnths．We d nt respnd t every candidate．If selected，yu will be cntacted by a manager．If yu d nt receive any update within six mnths，it means that yur applicatin has nt been successful．
21．Accrding t this passage，applicants are required t________．
A．hld a master's degree in science
B．have internatinal wrk experience
C．be fluent in either English r French
D．present a letter frm a technical institutin
22．What will UNESCO prvide fr the internship perid？
A．Limited medical insurance cverage．
B．Training in cmmunicatin skills．
C．A medical certificate fr wrk．
D．Financial supprt fr travel．
23．What shuld applicants d befre filling ut the applicatin frm？
A．Cntact UNESCO managers．B．Get access t the database．
C．Keep a mtivatin letter at hand．D．Wrk in a team fr six mnths．
【答案】21．C 22．A 23．C
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是联合国教科文组织的实习项目。
21．细节理解题。根据What are the requirements？部分的Yu shuld have a gd cmmand （掌握） f either English r French（你应该精通英语或法语）可知，申请者必须精通英语或法语，故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据What d yu need t prepare？部分的UNESCO will prvide limited insurance cverage up t USD30,000 fr the internship perid（联合国教科文组织将为实习期间提供不超过3万美元的有限保险）可知，教科文组织为实习期间提供有限的医疗保险，故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Yu shuld have yur mtivatin letter ready befre filling ut the applicatin frm（在填写申请表之前，你应该准备好你的动机信）可知，在填写申请表之前，申请人应将动机信放在手边，故选C。
B
（2021·北京·高考真题）I remember the day during ur first week f class when we were infrmed abut ur semester（学期） prject f vlunteering at a nn-prfit rganizatin．When the teacher intrduced us t the different rganizatins that needed ur help，my last chice was Operatin Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first impressin f the rganizatin was that it was nt ging t make enugh f a difference with the plans I had in mind．
Then，an OIC representative gave us sme details，which smewhat interested me．After ding sme research， I believed that we culd really d smething fr thse kids．When I went nline t the OIC website，I saw pictures f the Iraqi children．Their faces were s pwerful in sending a message f their despair（绝望） and need that I jined this prject withut hesitatin．We decided t cllect as many schl supplies as pssible，and make them int kits——ne kit，ne child．
The mst rewarding day fr ur grup was prject day，when all the effrts we put int cllecting the items finally came tgether．When I saw the varius supplies we had cllected，it hit me that every kit we were t build that day wuld eventually be in the hands f an Iraqi child．Over the past fur mnths，I had never imagined hw I wuld feel nce ur prject was cmpleted．While making the kits，I realized that I had lst sight f the true meaning behind it．I had nly fcused n the fact that it was anther schl prject and ne I wanted t get a gd grade n．When the kits were cmpleted，and ready t be sent verseas，the warm feeling I had was ne I wuld never frget．
In the beginning，I dared myself t make a difference in the life f anther persn．Nw that ur prject is ver，I realize that I have affected nt nly ne life，but ten．With ur effrts，ten yung bys and girls will nw be able t further their educatin．
24．Hw did the authr feel abut jining the OIC prject in the beginning？
A．It wuld affect his/her initial plans．
B．It wuld invlve traveling verseas．
C．It wuld nt bring him/her a gd grade．
D．It wuld nt live up t his/her expectatins．
25．What mainly helped the authr change his/her attitude tward the prject？
A．Images f Iraqi children．B．Research by his/her classmates．
C．A teacher's intrductin．D．A representative's cmments．
26．The authr's OIC prject grup wuld help ten Iraqi children t________．.
A．becme OIC vlunteersB．further their educatin
C．study in freign cuntriesD．influence ther children
27．What can we cnclude frm this passage？
A．One's ptential cannt always be underrated．
B．First impressin cannt always be trusted．
C．Actins speak luder than wrds．
D．He wh hesitates is lst．
【答案】24．D 25．A 26．B 27．B
【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者一开始认为加入伊拉克儿童行动项目不会达到他的期望，但是最后通过努力对自己和他人带来影响，说明第一印象不总是可信的。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“When the teacher intrduced us t the different rganizatins that needed ur help，my last chice was Operatin Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first impressin f the rganizatin was that it was nt ging t make enugh f a difference with the plans I had in mind．”（当老师向我们介绍了需要我们帮助的不同组织时，我最后的选择是伊拉克儿童行动(OIC)。我对这个组织的第一印象是，它不会对我心中的计划产生足够的影响。）可知，一开始作者认为加入伊拉克儿童行动项目不会达到他的期望。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“When I went nline t the OIC website，I saw pictures f the Iraqi children．Their faces were s pwerful in sending a message f their despair（绝望） and need that I jined this prject withut hesitatin．”（当我上网访问OIC 网站时，我看到了伊拉克儿童的照片。他们的脸上传递的信息是绝望和需要帮助，我毫不犹豫地加入了这个项目。）可知，伊拉克儿童图片帮助作者改变了他对这个项目的态度。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nw that ur prject is ver，I realize that I have affected nt nly ne life，but ten．With ur effrts，ten yung bys and girls will nw be able t further their educatin．”（现在我们的项目结束了，我意识到我不仅影响了一个人的生活，而且影响了十个人的生活。在我们的努力下，10名男孩和女孩现在将能够继续接受教育。）可知，作者的伊拉克儿童行动组织帮助十个伊拉克儿童继续接受教育。故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段“My first impressin f the rganizatin was that it was nt ging t make enugh f a difference with the plans I had in mind．”（我对这个组织的第一印象是，它不会对我心中的计划产生足够的影响。）和最后一段“In the beginning，I dared myself t make a difference in the life f anther persn．Nw that ur prject is ver，I realize that I have affected nt nly ne life，but ten．With ur effrts，ten yung bys and girls will nw be able t further their educatin．”（一开始，我鼓励自己去改变另一个人的生活。现在我们的项目结束了，我意识到我不仅影响了一个人的生活，而且影响了十个人的生活。在我们的努力下，十名男孩和女孩现在将能够继续接受教育。）可知，一开始作者认为加入伊拉克儿童行动不会达到他的期望，但是最后通过努力对自己和他人带来影响，说明第一印象不总是可信的。故选B。
C
（2019·北京·高考真题）The prblem f rbcalls has gtten s bad that many peple nw refuse t pick up calls frm numbers they dn’t knw. By next year, half f the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈). We are finally waking up t the severity f the prblem by supprting and develping a grup f tls, apps and appraches intended t prevent scammers frm getting thrugh. Unfrtunately, it’s t little, t late. By the time these “slutins”(解决方案) becme widely available, scammers will have mved nt cleverer means. In the near future, it’s nt just ging t be the number yu see n yur screen that will be in dubt. Sn yu will als questin whether the vice yu’re hearing is actually real.
That’s because there are a number f pwerful vice manipulatin(处理) and autmatin technlgies that are abut t becme widely available fr anyne t use. At this year’s I/O Cnference, a cmpany shwed a new vice technlgy able t prduce such a cnvincing human-sunding vice that it was able t speak t a receptinist and bk a reservatin withut detectin.
These develpments are likely t make ur current prblems with rbcalls much wrse. The reasn that rbcalls are a headache has less t d with amunt than precisin. A decade f data breaches(数据侵入) f persnal infrmatin has led t a situatin where scammers can easily learn yur mther’s name, and far mre. Armed with this knwledge, they’re able t carry ut individually targeted campaigns t cheat peple. This means, fr example, that a scammer culd call yu frm what lks t be a familiar number and talk t yu using a vice that sunds exactly like yur bank teller’s, tricking yu int “cnfirming” yur address, mther’s name, and card number. Scammers fllw mney, s cmpanies will be the wrst hit. A lt f business is still dne ver the phne, and much f it is based n trust and existing relatinships. Vice manipulatin technlgies may weaken that gradually.
We need t deal with the insecure nature f ur telecm netwrks. Phne carriers and cnsumers need t wrk tgether t find ways f determining and cmmunicating what is real. That might mean either develping a unifrm way t mark vides and images, shwing when and wh they were made by, r abandning phne calls altgether and mving twards data-based cmmunicatins—using apps like FaceTime r WhatsApp, which can be tied t yur identity.
Credibility is hard t earn but easy t lse, and the prblem is nly ging t get harder frm here n ut.
28．Hw des the authr feel abut the slutins t prblem f rbcalls?
A．Panicked.B．Cnfused.C．Embarrassed.D．Disappinted.
29．Taking advantage f the new technlgies, scammer can ________.
A．aim at victims preciselyB．damage databases easily
C．start campaigns rapidlyD．spread infrmatin widely
30．What des the passage imply?
A．Hnesty is the best plicy.
B．Technlgies can be duble-edged.
C．There are mre slutins than prblems.
D．Credibility hlds the key t develpment.
【答案】28．D 29．A 30．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真，欺诈现象更加严重，解决这个问题需要电话运营商和消费者共同努力。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段中的We are finally waking up t the severity f the prblem by supprting and develping a grup f tls, apps and appraches intended t prevent scammers frm getting thrugh. Unfrtunately, it’s t little, t late. By the time these “slutins”(解决方案) becme widely available, scammers will have mved nt cleverer means.可知，我们认识到了问题的严重性，支持和开发了旨在防止欺诈者通过的工具、应用程序和方法，。不幸的是，我们的努力太少了，也太晚了。在这些“解决方案”被广泛使用的时候，骗子将转移到更巧妙的手段上。由此推知，作者认为这些“解决办法”对于解决问题起不了什么作用，因此作者感到很“失望”。故D选项正确。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段中的The reasn that rbcalls are a headache has less t d with amunt than precisin. A decade f data breaches(数据侵入) f persnal infrmatin has led t a situatin where scammers can easily learn yur mther’s name, and far mre. Armed with this knwledge, they’re able t carry ut individually targeted campaigns t cheat peple. This means, fr example, that a scammer culd call yu frm what lks t be a familiar number and talk t yu using a vice that sunds exactly like yur bank teller’s, tricking yu int “cnfirming” yur address, mther’s name, and card number.可知，机器人通话之所以令人头痛，与其说与数量有关，不如说与精确度有关。长达十年的个人信息泄露已经导致了这样一种情况：骗子可以轻易地知道你母亲的名字，甚至更多。有了这些知识，他们就能够开展有针对性的活动来欺骗人们。根据这些可知，利用这种新的技术，欺诈者们可以精确的确定他们行骗的目标。故A选项正确。
30．推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句At this year’s I/O Cnference, a cmpany shwed a new vice technlgy able t prduce such a cnvincing human-sunding vice that it was able t speak t a receptinist and bk a reservatin withut detectin.可知，这项语音技术可以产生一个听起来和人类非常相似的声音，它可以和接待员进行交谈，进行预订。由此可知，这项新技术有其好的方面。根据第三段的叙述可知，欺诈者们可以利用这项新技术来进行欺诈行为。由此推知，这项新技术既可以发挥好的作用，也可能为坏人所利用，产生不好的影响，因此可以说它是一把双刃剑。故B选项正确。
D
（2023·北京·统考高考真题）What is life? Like mst great questins, this ne is easy t ask but difficult t answer. The reasn is simple: we knw f just ne type f life and it’s challenging t d science with a sample size f ne. The field f artificial life-called ALife fr shrt — is the systematic attempt t spell ut life’s fundamental principles. Many f these practitiners, s-called ALifers, think that smehw making life is the surest way t really understand what life is.
S far n ne has cnvincingly made artificial life. This track recrd makes ALife a ripe target fr criticism, such as declaratins f the field’s dubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a cmplexity scientist, is tired f such cmplaints. Asking abut “the pint” f ALife might be, well, missing the pint entirely, he says. “The existence f a living system is nt abut the use f anything.” Alan says. “Sme peple ask me, ‘S what’s the wrth f artificial life?’ D yu ever think, ‘What is the wrth f yur grandmther?’”
As much as many ALifers hate emphasizing their research’s applicatins, the attempts t create artificial life culd have practical payffs. Artificial intelligence may be cnsidered ALife’s cusin in that researchers in bth fields are enamred by a cncept called pen-ended evlutin (演化). This is the capacity fr a system t create essentially endless cmplexity, t be a srt f “nvelty generatr”. The nly system knwn t exhibit this is Earth’s bisphere. If the field f ALife manages t reprduce life’s endless “creativity” in sme virtual mdel, thse same principles culd give rise t truly inventive machines.
Cmpared with the develpments f Al, advances in ALife are harder t recgnize. One reasn is that ALife is a field in which the central cncept — life itself — is undefined. The lack f agreement amng ALifers desn’t help either. The result is a diverse line f prjects that each advance alng their unique paths. Fr better r wrse, ALife mirrrs the very subject it studies. Its muddled (混乱的) prgressin is a striking parallel (平行线) t the evlutinary struggles that have shaped Earth bisphere.
Undefined and uncntrlled, ALife drives its fllwers t repurpse ld ideas and generated nvelty. It may be, f curse, that these characteristics aren’t in any way surprising r singular. They may apply universally t all acts f evlutin. Ultimately ALife may be nthing special. But even this dismissal suggests smething：perhaps, just like life itself thrughut the universe, the rise f ALife will prve unavidable.
31．Regarding Alan Smith’s defence f ALife, the authr is .
A．supprtiveB．puzzledC．uncncernedD．dubtful
32．What des the wrd “enamred” underlined in Paragraph 3 mst prbably mean?
A．Shcked.B．Prtected.C．Attracted.D．Challenged.
33．What can we learn frm this passage?
A．ALife hlds the key t human future.B．ALife and AI share a cmmn feature.
C．AI mirrrs the develpments f ALife.D．AI speeds up the prcess f human evlutin.
34．Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Life Is Undefined. Can AI Be a Way Out?
B．Life Evlves. Can AI Help ALife Evlve, T?
C．Life Is Undefined. Can ALife Be Defined One Day?
D．Life Evlves. Can Attempts t Create ALife Evlve, T?
【答案】31．A 32．C 33．B 34．D
【导语】本文为说明文。文章主要探讨了ALife是否也在不断地进化的问题。
31．推理判断题。根据第三段“As much as many ALifers hate emphasizing their research’s applicatins, the attempts t create artificial life culd have practical payffs. (尽管许多ALifer讨厌强调他们研究的应用，但创造人工生命的尝试可能会有实际的回报)”可知，作者认为创造人工生命的尝试是会有回报的；再结合第二段“S far n ne has cnvincingly made artificial life. This track recrd makes ALife a ripe target fr criticism, such as declaratins f the field’s dubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a cmplexity scientist, is tired f such cmplaints. Asking abut “the pint” f ALife might be, well, missing the pint entirely, he says. “The existence f a living system is nt abut the use f anything.” Alan says. “Sme peple ask me, ‘S what’s the wrth f artificial life?’ D yu ever think, ‘What is the wrth f yur grandmther?’”(到目前为止，还没有人能令人信服地制造出人工生命。这一记录使生命科学成为批评的成熟目标，比如对该领域可疑科学价值的声明。复杂性科学家艾伦•史密斯厌倦了这样的抱怨。他说，询问ALife的“意义”可能完全没有抓住要点。“一个生命系统的存在与任何东西的使用无关。”Alan说。“有人问我，‘那么人工生命的价值是什么？’你有没有想过，‘你祖母的价值是多少？’”)”可推知，因为还没有人能令人信服地制造出人工生命，才导致使生命科学成为批评（认为其没有科学价值）的成熟目标，作者认为这是不合理的，所以后文引用了Alan Smith的话语对这种观点进行反驳，即关于Alan Smith对ALife的辩护，作者表示支持。故选A。
32．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Artificial intelligence may be cnsidered ALife’s cusin in that researchers in bth fields are enamred by a cncept called pen-ended evlutin (演化).(人工智能可能被认为是ALife的表亲，因为这两个领域的研究人员都被一个叫做开放进化的概念enamred)”可知，人工智能可能被认为是ALife的表亲，说明人工智能和ALife二者间有共同之处，可推测是因为这两个领域的研究人员都被一个叫做开放进化的概念所吸引，所以才有了这种观点。故划线词意为“吸引”。故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段“Artificial intelligence may be cnsidered ALife’s cusin in that researchers in bth fields are enamred by a cncept called pen-ended evlutin (演化).(人工智能可能被认为是ALife的表亲，因为这两个领域的研究人员都被一个叫做开放进化的概念所吸引)”可知，ALife和AI有一个共同的特点。故选B。
34．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“They may apply universally t all acts f evlutin. Ultimately ALife may be nthing special. But even this dismissal suggests smething: perhaps, just like life itself thrughut the universe, the rise f ALife will prve unavidable.(它们可能普遍适用于所有进化行为。最终，ALife可能没有什么特别的。但即使是这种否定也表明了一些事情：也许，就像整个宇宙中的生命本身一样，ALife的崛起将被证明是不可避免的)”结合文章主要探讨了ALife是否也在不断地进化。D选项“生命在进化。创造ALife的尝试也能进化吗？”是最合适的标题。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2019·北京·高考真题）Much f the wrk in tday’s wrld is accmplished(完成) in teams. Mst peple believe the best way t build a great team is t gather a grup f the mst talented individuals. 35 Cmpanies spend millins hiring tp business peple. Is their mney well spent?
36 They fcused n ftball, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. Fr ftball and basketball, adding talented players t a team prves a gd methd, but nly up t the pint where 70% f the players are tp talent; abve that level, the team’s perfrmance begins t decline. Interestingly, this trend isn’t evident in baseball, where additinal individual talent keeps imprving the team’s perfrmance.
T explain this phenmenn, the researchers explred the degree t which a gd perfrmance by a team requires its members t crdinate(协调) their actins. 37 In baseball, the perfrmance f individual players is less dependent n teammates. They cnclude that when task interdependence is high, team perfrmance will suffer when there is t much talent, while individual talent will have psitive effects n team perfrmance when task interdependence is lwer. If a basketball star is, fr example, trying t gain a high persnal pint ttal, he may take a sht himself when it wuld be better t pass the ball t a teammate, affecting the team’s perfrmance. Yung children learning t play team sprts are ften tld, “There is n I in TEAM.” 38
Anther pssibility is that when there is a lt f talent n a team, sme players may make less effrt. Just as in a game f tug-f-war(拔河比赛), whenever a persn is added, everyne else pulls the rpe with less frce.
39 An A-team may require a balance--nt just A players, but a few generus B players as well.
A．It’s nt a simple matter t determine the nature f talent.
B．Sprts team wners spend millins f dllars attracting tp talent.
C．The grup interactin and its effect drew the researchers’ attentin.
D．Stars apparently d nt fllw this basic principle f sprtsmanship.
E．Several recent studies examined the rle f talent in the sprts wrld.
F．Building up a dream team is mre cmplex than simply hiring the best talent.
G．This task interdependence distinguishes baseball frm ftball and basketball.
【答案】35．B 36．E 37．G 38．D 39．F
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。
35．上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选B。
36．下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和棒球。结果有好有坏。”这些都属于体育方面，该空引出下文，E选项“最近的几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选E。
37．上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”，下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。”切题，故选G。
38．上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D选项“球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。
39．下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。”该空引出下文，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。”切题，故选F。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
（2023·北京房山·统考二模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Mst cmpanies use advertising t prmte their brands, sell their prducts, and increase their incme. Fr years, businesses have used different strategies in advertising t sell their prducts r services thrugh written r visual messages.
When creating advertisements, cmpanies tend t design sme parts that appeal t ur emtins r can be cnnected t ur wn lives. This is called memrable advertising. Our brains ften pay attentin t thse parts that appeal t ur emtins and frget abut the rest f the infrmatin we see. S, ne way t make memrable advertising is by adding an emtinal r persnal aspect t the mst imprtant part f the advertisement. As a result, there is a greater chance that viewers will remember that. If the scenes that appeal t ur emtins manage t, at the same time, highlight the brand and its benefits, viewers will be mre likely t build a cnnectin with the brand, which can increase sales.
A gd example is an advertisement frm a leading cnsumer gds cmpany. The advertisement shwed peple f all ages and frm all parts f the wrld. In the advertisement, an artist drew pictures f what peple thught they lked like — and cmpared thse pictures t pictures f what their friends thught they lked like. This shwed that peple ften perceive themselves negatively cmpared with reality — usually peple criticize their lks t much. The advertisement encuraged peple t see the psitives in their lks, rather than the negatives. In this way, the advertisement triggered very strng emtinal respnses, achieved attentin wrldwide, and s made mre peple remember it.
Anther way t make memrable advertising is by creating a fictinal character that represents the brand. Think f the Michelin Tire Man. The human-like figure cnsists f stacked white tires. The masct gives custmers a friendly, fun persnality t cnnect and build a relatinship with. It is much easier t cnnect with the friendly fat man than with a faceless tire cmpany.
40．What is memrable advertising?

41．Accrding t the passage, what are the tw ways t make memrable advertising?

42．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
In the advertisement f a leading cnsumer gds cmpany, it encuraged peple t see their negative aspects and triggered very strng emtinal respnses.

43．Are yu usually influenced by advertisements when yu g shpping? Why r why nt?(In abut 40 wrds)

【答案】40．Memrable advertising can appeal t ur emtins r can be cnnected t ur wn lives. 41．By adding an emtinal r persnal aspect t the mst imprtant part f the advertisement and creating a fictinal character that represents the brand. 42．In the advertisement f a leading cnsumer gds cmpany, it encuraged peple t see their negative aspects and triggered very strng emtinal respnses. The advertisement encuraged peple t see the psitives in their lks, rather than the negatives. 43．Yes. Advertisements can always attract peple t buy prducts thrugh exquisite designs and beautiful mdels. Advertising can give peple the illusin that by buying the prduct, yu can live a better life r becme as beautiful as a mdel.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了广告的作用和制作广告的方法。
40．考查细节理解。根据第二段“When creating advertisements, cmpanies tend t design sme parts that appeal t ur emtins r can be cnnected t ur wn lives. This is called memrable advertising. (在制作广告时，公司倾向于设计一些吸引我们情感的部分，或者可以与我们自己的生活联系起来。这就是所谓的令人难忘的广告)”可知，令人难忘的广告可以吸引我们的情感，或者与我们自己的生活联系起来。故答案为Memrable advertising can appeal t ur emtins r can be cnnected t ur wn lives.
41．考查细节理解。根据第二段“S, ne way t make memrable advertising is by adding an emtinal r persnal aspect t the mst imprtant part f the advertisement. (因此，制作令人难忘的广告的一种方法是在广告的最重要部分添加情感或个人方面)”以及最后一段“Anther way t make memrable advertising is by creating a fictinal character that represents the brand. (制作令人难忘的广告的另一种方法是创造一个代表品牌的虚构人物)”可知，制作令人难忘的广告主要是通过在广告最重要的部分添加情感或个人方面，和创造一个代表品牌的虚构人物。故答案为By adding an emtinal r persnal aspect t the mst imprtant part f the advertisement and creating a fictinal character that represents the brand.
42．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“The advertisement encuraged peple t see the psitives in their lks, rather than the negatives. (这则广告鼓励人们看到自己外表的优点，而不是缺点)”可知，故错误部分为“negative aspects”，这则广告鼓励人们看到自己外表的优点，而不是缺点。故答案为In the advertisement f a leading cnsumer gds cmpany, it encuraged peple t see their negative aspects and triggered very strng emtinal respnses. The advertisement encuraged peple t see the psitives in their lks, rather than the negatives.
43．考查开放题。根据“当你去购物时，你是否经常受到广告的影响？为什么或者为什么不呢？”可回答：是的。广告总是可以通过精美的设计和美丽的模型吸引人们购买产品。广告可以给人们一种错觉，通过购买产品，你可以过上更好的生活，或者变得像模特一样漂亮。故答案为Yes. Advertisements can always attract peple t buy prducts thrugh exquisite designs and beautiful mdels. Advertising can give peple the illusin that by buying the prduct, yu can live a better life r becme as beautiful as a mdel.
第二节（20分）
（2020·北京·高考真题）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校英语戏剧俱乐部外籍指导教师Jim因疫情滞留英国。复学在即，作为俱乐部负责人，你给Jim写一封电子邮件，请他推荐一名外籍指导教师，内容包括：
1. 条件及要求；
2. 表示感谢并提醒注意防护。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Hw are yu ding? I hpe everything's OK with yu.
Our schl's drama club plans t start practising. Since yu're away in Britain, we need a drama teacher t be in yur place. Wuld yu please recmmend ne fr us?
He r she shuld be a native English speaker, currently in Beijing, and experienced in bth directing and teaching.
Thank yu fr yur help. Please take care f yurself. Remember t wear a mask when necessary.
Best wishes,
Yurs,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校英语戏剧俱乐部外籍指导教师Jim因疫情滞留英国。复学在即，作为俱乐部负责人，你给Jim写一封电子邮件，请他推荐一名外籍指导教师，内容包括：1. 条件及要求；2. 表示感谢并提醒注意防护。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：drama club (戏剧俱乐部)；plan t d sth.(计划做某事)；in ne's place(代替某人)；recmmend(推荐)；a native English speaker(以英语为母语的人)；currently (目前)；experienced(熟练的)；bth…and…(两者都……)；take care f(照顾)；wear a mask(戴口罩)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Since yu're away in Britain, we need a drama teacher t be in yur place.运用原因状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。