初中英语外研版 (新标准)九年级下册Unit 3 Language in use.精品同步测试题
展开Module 1 Travel
Unit 3 Language in use
语法梳理
1. 可数名词:
1.可数名词: a / an + n单
>1 + ns
不可数名词:不加 a / an, 也不加 s。一般来说,物质名词和抽象名词都是不可数名词。
一张纸:a piece of paper 一个消息:a piece of news
但是有的名词既可以做 n可,也可做 n不
n可:报纸/试卷 n可:鱼
Paper fish
n不:纸 n不: 鱼肉
1)有些物质名词既可作可数名词也可作
不可数名词,但词义有所变化。
fruit水果--fruits表示不同种类的水果;
food食物--foods各种食品;
fish鱼--fishes鱼的种类;
drink饮料/酒--a drink一份饮料/一杯酒;
cloth布--a cloth桌布、抹布
sand沙--sands沙滩
paper纸--a paper试卷、论文;
wood木头--a wood小森林;
room空间、余地--a room房间
chicken鸡肉--a chicken小鸡;
orange橘汁--an orange橘子;
glass玻璃-- a glass玻璃杯,glasses眼镜
tea茶--a tea一杯茶;
2)有些抽象名词变为复数时,词义有所不同。
good(好处,益处)---goods(货物),
custom(风俗)---customs(海关),
spirit(精神)---spirits(情绪),
manner(方式)---manners(礼貌),
cloth(布)---clothes(衣服),
content(内容)---contents(目录),
pain(疼痛)---pains(辛劳),
ruin(毁灭)---ruins(废墟,遗迹),
sand(沙子)---sands(沙地,沙滩),
wood(木材)---woods(树林),
work(工作)----works(工厂,著作)
2. 可数名词的单复数:tomatoes, potatoes,heroes
ns: (1)+s
(2).以s, x, ch, sh + es, buses, boxes, watches, dishes等
(3).-辅音字母 +y i +es
(4).-f/fe v + es,half, shelf, leaf, wolf,knife, wife, life
(5).不规则变化:roof --roofs,monkeys
名词复数不规则变化:
man --- men woman --- women foot --- feet tooth ---teeth
child ---children mouse --- mice goose--- geese
(6) .单复数相同:sheep, fish,deer, Japanese,Chinese
(7) 复合名词:a/an + n单 + n单 --- n单 + ns
a boy student ---boy students
但是遇到man和woman全部变复数:a woman doctor --- women teachers
(8) 有些名词总是以复数形式出现:trousers, glasses, gloves, socks, stockings, shoes, shorts, chopsticks, scissors ect.
他们要表示单个数量时需要借助量词来表示:
一条裤子 a pair of trousers 一副眼镜 a pair of glasses
(9) 表示复数概念:people, police
3.名词所有格:
(1) n单’s Jim's bag
(2) ns' the twins' father
(3) 如果是无生命的名词,要采用“of + 名词”的方式表达。
(4) 双重所有格 a friend of mine/yours/his/hers/ours/theirs
(5) 共同拥有 Lily and Lucy’s room
分别拥有 Lily’s and Lucy’s bags
(6).一些表示日期、时间、距离、国家名称的无生命名词,也可加“‘s”构成所有格。
a month’s time 一个月的时间
today’s newspaper 今天的报纸
Beijing’s spring 北京的春天
twenty minutes’ walk 二十分钟的路程
the city’s parks 城市公园
(7).如果"'s"后的名词是商店、住宅等地点时,后面的名词常常要省略。
at the doctor's在诊所,在医务室
to my uncle's到我叔叔家
冠词a / an / the 的用法:
1.不定冠词:a / an
(1) 第一次出现
(2) 泛指单一、每一、任一事物
a + 辅音开头的单词 an + 元音开头的单词
2. 定冠词:the
(1) 第二次或多次出现时;
(2) 世界上独一无二的东西前;the earth / sun / moon / universe / world
(3) the + -est ,即the + 形容词最高级
(4) the + 序数词
(5) 乐器前: play the piano / violin
(6) 一家人:the Greens = the Green family = Green's family
(7) the + 形容词:表示一类人the rich / poor the young / old
(8) 双方均知道的人或事物: Where's the book? It's in the desk.
(9) 专有名词:the Great Wall the USA / the UK
3.零冠词:即不用冠词 n不、ns:表示泛指时,不用冠词。
(1) 球类运动前:play basketball/ volleyball
(2) 棋牌类活动前:play chess / cards
(3) 三餐饭前:have breakfast/lunch/supper
(4) by + 交通工具:by bus/boat/plane/train
(5) at school / at work / at home
(6) 年/月/季节/星期前不加冠词in 1980 / in December / in spring on Monday
(7) be ill / sick in hospital / bed
(8) 人名、地名前:Lily, Shanghai
(9) 学科前:English, science, maths, Chinese
(10)有物主代词时不用定冠词the;
(11)抽象名词、物质名词前不加 silk/cotton等
(12)称呼/官衔/职位前不加冠词
(13) 固定词组:watch TV, at night, in town
II.数词:numbers
1.三位一读法:3,333,333,333
Billion million thousand
2. 百 and 十
3. 十-个
1,265 one thousand, two hundred and sixty-five
基数词-the + 序数词(-th)
1.one----first in Row One= in the first row
two----second
three--third
2. five-----fifth twelve---twelfth
3. .nine-----ninth
4. 整十: -ty------tieth twenty--twentieth
5. 21:twenty-one --- twenty-first
一些数字的读法:
1.年:二位一读法 19 95 nineteen ninety-five 2000 two thousand / twenty hundred
2.公交车: Bus (No.) 11 = the No. 11 bus
3.房间:305房间 Room Three O Five
4.年代:20世纪70年代 in the 1970s
5.几十岁时:in his forties.
6.分数=基数词(>1) / 序数词(+s)
四分之一:one /a fourth = one quarter
四分之三:three fourths = three quarters
7.次数:划线提问:how many times
一次 once 二次 twice 三次及以上:数字 + times
8. 加减乘除法
15+2=? Fifteen plus/and two is seventeen.
14-6=? Fourteen minus six is eight.
5*12=? Five multiplied by twelve is sixty.
54/9=? Fifty-four divided by nine equals six.
9.小数点:point
1.4 one point four 2.39 two point three nine
10.岁数: 数字+ year(s) old
11.时间:一刻钟 a quarter
整点:数字 + o'clock
=30:half past + 数字
< 30: 分钟 + past +几点
> 30: (60 - 分钟) + to + (几点 + 1) 几点差几分
分层练习
题组A 基础过关练
一、单项选择
1.---What does your father do? ---He is _______ art teacher.
A.a B.an C.the D./
2.---Tina, could you please play ______ piano for me while I’m singing?---With pleasure.
A.a B.an C.the D./
3.Please pay attention to your spelling, you’ve dropped _______ “d” in the word “Wednesday”.
A.an B.the C.a D./
4.---When shall we hand in the exercise book?
---______ sooner, _______ better.
A.A; a B.A ; the C.The ; a D.The; the
5.---Hello, Jim! May I have _______ word with you?
---Certainly.
A.the B.a C.an D./
6.—By the way, have you got ______ e-mail address?
—Oh yes, it’s dpower@126.com
A.a B.an C.the D./
7.---What colour is _______ orange? ---It’s ______ orange.
A.an; an B.an; the C.the; / D./ ; an
8.There is ______ report in today’s newspaper. It’s about Shanghai International Film Festival.
A.a B.an C.the D./
9.To make it clear, I must go up to _______ second floor and ask him _______ second time.
A.the; a B.the; the C.a ; the D.a ; a
10.He is _______ honest boy, so we all like him.
A.a B.an C.the D./
11.Jack bought ______ book. _______ book is very interesting.
A.an; The B.a; The C.an; A D.a; A
12.---What would you like for _______ breakfast, Mr. White?
---Three pieces of bread with ______ cup of black tea, please.
A.a ; a B./ ; the C.a ; the D./ ; a
13.---This is ______ film I’ve told you about several times.
---That’s great. I’ve never seen ______ more moving one.
A.a ; a B.the ; the C.the; a D.a ; the
14.— Don’t you often listen to _______ radio?
— No. In fact, I haven’t _______ radio.
A.a ; an B./ ; the C.an; / D.the; a
15.My brother likes playing ______ basketball and I am good at playing ______ guitar.
A./ ; the B.the ; / C.an; the D.the; a
【参考答案及答案解析】
1.B
【详解】句意:——你的父亲是做什么的?——他是一名艺术老师。这里表示泛指,art是以辅音音素开头的,用不定冠词an。根据题意,故选B。
【点睛】不定冠词有两个,a 和 an。a用在辅音开头的单词前面;an用于以元音开头的单词前。如:a book, an apple。
2.C
【详解】句意:——Tina,当我唱歌的时候,请你为我弹钢琴好吗?——我很乐意。play+the+乐器,表示弹奏什么乐器。play the piano表示弹钢琴;根据题意,故选C。
【点睛】1) 定冠词和名词连用,表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。如:
Mother carved the meat into slices.
妈妈把肉切成了片。
2) 定冠词用于可数名词前,表示一类人或东西。如:
The horse is a useful animal. 马是一种有用的动物。
3) 定冠词用于第二次出现的名词之前。如:
I got a letter yesterday. The letter was sent by e-mail.
我昨天接到了一封信。那信是电子邮件。
4) 定冠词用于有词组或者定语从句修饰的名词前。如:
He is investigating the cause of the fire.他正在调查这场大火的原因。
5) 定冠词用于某些名词或者形容词前,表示一类人,一个民族,阶级或阶层。如:
the chinese 中国人 the rich 富人
the dead 死者 the deaf 聋人
6) 定冠词用于指说话双方都知道的人或事。如:
Please close the door.请把门关上。
7) 定冠词用于世界上独一无二的事物前。如:
the sun 太阳 the earth 地球 the world世界
8) 定冠词用于序数词前表示顺序。如:
the third group 第三组
9) 定冠词用于形容词和副词的最高级前面。如:
This is the most intersting book I have ever read. 这是我所读过的书中最有趣的一本。
10)定冠词在play后和乐器连用
play the piano弹钢琴 play the flute吹长笛
11)定冠词与姓氏的复数形式连用,表示一家人。如:
The Blacks came to China in 1994.
布莱克一家是1994年来中国的。
12)定冠词的其他用法
the Changjiang River长江 the Red Sea 红海 (用于表示江河海洋的名词前)
the Taiwan Straits台湾海峡 the Gulf of Mexico墨西哥湾 (用于表示海峡海湾的名词前)
the Alps阿尔卑斯山 the Sahara Desert撒哈拉沙漠 (用于山脉沙漠的名词前)
the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国(用于国家名称)
the National Gallery国家美术馆 the Military Museum 军事博物馆(用于公共建筑名前)
the State Council国务院 the Senate参议院 the House of Representatives 众议院 (用于机关、团体名词前)
the Geneva Agreement日内瓦协议 the Washington Post 华盛顿邮报 (用于报刊、条约之前)
3.C
【详解】句意:请注意你的拼写,你在“Wednesday”一词中掉了一个“d”。这里表示泛指,d是以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。根据题意,故选C。
【点睛】不定冠词有两个,a 和 an。a用在辅音开头的单词前面;an用于以元音开头的单词前。如:a book, an apple。
4.D
【详解】句意:——我将何时上交我们的作业本?——越开越好。The+比较级……;the+比较……,表示越……就越……;the sooner, the better.表示越快越好。根据题意,故选D。
5.B
【详解】句意:——你好,吉姆,我能和你谈谈吗?——当然可以。短语have a word with sb.表示和某人谈谈。根据题意,故选B。
6.B
【详解】句意:——顺便说一下,你有一个电子邮件吗?——哦,是的,它是dpower@126.com。
考查冠词。这里表示泛指,e-mail是以元音音素开头的,用不定冠词an。根据题意,故选B。
7.C
【详解】句意:——那个橘子是什么颜色?——它是橘色的。不定冠词a/an一个,通常用于泛指,a用于辅音因素开头的单词前,an用于元音因素开头的单词前;定冠词the这个、那个,通常用于特指;根据题意可知第一空表示特指,用定冠词the,第二个空是形容词前面不加冠词。根据题意,故选C。
8.A
【详解】句意:在今天的报纸里面有一个报道,是关于上海国际电影节的。
不定冠词a/an一个,通常用于泛指,a用于辅音因素开头的单词前,an用于元音因素开头的单词前;定冠词the这个、那个,通常用于特指;这里表示泛指,用不定冠词,report是以辅音音素开头的,用不定冠词a。根据题意,故选A。
9.A
【详解】句意:为了说清楚,我必须到二楼再问他一次。
考查冠词的用法。a/an+序数词+名词 ,表示“再、又”,the+序数词+名词,表示“第几……”;表示第几层楼,the+序数词+floor,表示第几层楼,a+序数词+time表示再一次。根据题意,故选A。
10.B
【详解】句意:他是一个诚实的孩子,因此我们都喜欢他。不定冠词a/an一个,通常用于泛指,a用于辅音因素开头的单词前,an用于元音因素开头的单词前;定冠词the这个、那个,通常用于特指;这里表示泛指,honest是以元音音素开头的,用不定冠词an。根据题意,故选B。
11.B
【详解】句意:杰克买了一本书,那本书是非常有趣的。不定冠词a/an一个,通常用于泛指,a用于辅音因素开头的单词前,an用于元音因素开头的单词前;定冠词the这个、那个,通常用于特指;第一个空表示泛指用不定冠词,book是以辅音音素开头的,用不定冠词a;第二个空表示特指,用定冠词the。根据题意,故选B。
12.D
【详解】句意:——Mr. White,早饭你想吃什么?——请给我三片面包和一杯红茶。不定冠词a/an一个,通常用于泛指,a用于辅音因素开头的单词前,an用于元音因素开头的单词前;定冠词the这个、那个,通常用于特指;like…for+三餐,表示三餐喜欢……;a cup of black tea表示一杯红茶。根据题意,故选D。
13.C
【详解】句意:——这是我跟你讲过几次的电影。——那是对的,我从来没有看过更感人的电影。不定冠词a/an一个,通常用于泛指,a用于辅音因素开头的单词前,an用于元音因素开头的单词前;定冠词the这个、那个,通常用于特指;第一个表示特指,这里是定语从句修饰film用定冠词the;第二个空表示泛指,more是以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。根据题意,故选C。
14.D
【详解】句意:——难道你经常不听收音机吗?——不,实际上,我没有一台收音机。
考查冠词。不定冠词a/an一个,通常用于泛指,a用于辅音因素开头的单词前,an用于元音因素开头的单词前;定冠词the这个、那个,通常用于特指;第一个空表示特指用定冠词the;第二个空表示泛指用不定冠词a。根据题意,故选D。
15.A
【详解】basketball为球类名词,与play之间不能加the。piano为乐器名词,与play之间必须加the。
题组B 能力提升练
二、阅读单选
It is expected that Pacific Island countries will become popular with Chinese tourists in 2019. Which one should you choose for your summer holiday?
Country
What you need to know
Language
What you need to do
Papua New Guinea
It is the largest one of the Pacific Island countries. Both the mainland and its islands are perfect for deep sea diving (潜水).
English & Tok Pisin
Go deep sea diving in the Solomon Sea.
Kingdom of
Tonga
Tonga is ahead of the rest of the world: it's the first country in the world to start a new day.
English &
Tongan
Visit the Royal Palace of Tonga.
The Republic of Vanuatu
It sits between Hawaii and Australia. In Vanuatu, you'll find the world's only underwater post office in the capital, Port Villa.
English,
French &
Bislama
Send a postcard from the underwater post office.
Fiji
Fiji is one of the world's best-known places for your holiday. The island's blue sea, white-sand beaches and the forests are well worth seeing.
Fijian &
English
Go diving on Mana Island
16.Which country is the first one to start a new day?
A.Papua New Guinea. B.Kingdom of Tonga.
C.The Republic of Vanuatu. D.Fiji.
17.People go to Fiji for their holidays mainly because _____.
A.things there are well worth seeing B.the underwater post office is exciting
C.they want to stay in the Royal Palace D.it is the largest Pacific Island country
18.Which language is spoken in all the four Pacific Island countries?
A.Tok Pisin. B.French. C.Bislama. D.English.
19.What is the purpose of the text?
A.To ask for some help. B.To introduce languages.
C.To answer a question. D.To offer holiday choices.
【参考答案】
16.B 17.A 18.D 19.D
【答案解析】你喜欢旅行吗?这篇短文给我们介绍了几个太平洋岛国,有巴布新几内亚、汤加王国、瓦努阿图共和国以及斐济,他们各有特色,选一个去度暑假吧!
16.细节理解题。根据表格第二行中Tonga is ahead of the rest of the world: it's the first country in the world to start a new day.可知,汤加王国是世界上第一个开始新一天的国家。故应选B。
17.细节理解题。根据表格中对Fiji这个国家的介绍Fiji is one of the world's best-known places for your holiday. The island's blue sea, white-sand beaches and the forests are well worth seeing.可知,这是世界上著名的度假胜地之一,岛上蓝色的大海、白色的沙滩和森林,都值得一看。由此可知应选A。
18.细节理解题。根据表格第三列Languages中的介绍可知,这四个国家都说英语,故应选D。
19.主旨大意题。根据短文第一段It is expected that Pacific Island countries will become popular with Chinese tourists in 2019. Which one should you choose for your summer holiday?和文意可知,太平洋岛国将受中国旅行者们的喜爱,文章中对几个国家进行了具体的介绍,读者们可以选择自己喜欢去的地方。由此可知文章的目的是给读者推荐可以旅行的地方,故D选项符合文意。
【点睛】这篇短文给我们介绍了几个太平洋岛国,他们各具特色,值得一游。文章结构清晰,第一段点明文章主旨,下面利用表格的形式介绍了四个国家,信息包括:关于这个国家的特色介绍、语言以及你在那里可以做的事情。这种类似广告类的说明文,往往文章的主旨比较清晰,结构也很明显,所以做题时,可以先看题目,根据题目所问或依据关键词,锁定短文相关信息作答。如第1小题,根据题干中的the first one to start a new day可迅速定位至表格中的第二个国家,根据Tonga is ahead of the rest of the world: it's the first country in the world to start a new day.可知选A。第4小题考查文章的写作目的,涉及文章的主旨,这种说明文体裁的文章,往往在短文开头即点明文章主旨,因此解题的关键在文章第一段,根据It is expected that Pacific Island countries will become popular with Chinese tourists in 2019. Which one should you choose for your summer holiday?和文意可知,太平洋岛国将受中国旅行者们的喜爱,文章中对几个国家进行了具体的介绍,读者们可以选择自己喜欢去的地方。故应选D。
三、短文选词填空
sell, surface, that, deep, join, rich, hundred, well, buy, without, poor, something
When gold was found in California, the USA in 1848, many people left all they had and went there in order to find gold. Two brothers sold all the things ____20____ the people in the gold rush(淘金). They found gold and said the gold belonged to them, and no one else could take it away.
Then they started to dig the gold out of the mine ( 矿 ). All went ____21____ at first. They were very excited, but then ____22____ strange happened. There was suddenly no gold any more. It seemed that the gold was only on the ____23____. The brothers continued their work, but they ended up ____24____ success after many times. They were so disappointed ____25____ they gave up at last. They sold their tools and the mine for ____26____ of dollars, and took the train back home. The man who ____27____ the mine asked an engineer to examine the rock there. The engineer told him to continue digging in the same place. Soon, they succeeded. The place where they found gold was just three feet ____28____ than the one where the two brothers had stopped. A little more persistence(坚持) and the two brothers would be very _____29_____. There is gold in you, too. You also have talents. Will you keep digging to find and develop your talents?
【参考答案】
20. to join
21. well
22. something
23. surface
24. without
25. that
26. hundreds
27. bought
28. deeper
29. rich
【答案解析】本文是一篇记叙文。通过叙述两兄弟淘金半途而废的故事,告诉我们要坚持挖掘自己的潜能,开发出自己真正的才能。
20.句意:两兄弟把所有的东西都卖掉加入到淘金人们的行列中。根据前句“many people left all they had and went there in order to find gold.”可知,空处应用to join,动词不定式作目的状语。故填to join。
21.句意:一开始一切都很顺利。根据下句“They were very excited,”可推测出,应是一切都很顺利;go well,一切顺利。故填well。
22.句意:他们非常兴奋,但是奇怪的事情发生了。根据后句“There was suddenly no gold any more.”可知,应是奇怪的事情发生了,故空处应是不定代词something。故填something。
23.句意:看起来金子只是在表面上。on the surface,表面上。故填surface。
24.句意:兄弟俩继续他们的工作,但是他们很多次都没有成功。根据后句“They were so disappointed…they gave up at last.”可知,应是没有成功,故空处应用介词without,没有。故填without。
25.句意:他们很失望,最后放弃了。根据句子结构和句意可知,此句是so…that…引导的结果状语从句。故填that。
26.句意:他们把工具和矿场卖了几百美元,然后坐火车回家。hundreds of,数百个。故填hundreds。
27.句意:买矿井的人请工程师检查那里的岩石。根据前句“They sold their tools and the mine for… of dollars, and took the train back home.”可知,此处应是指买矿井的人,短文是叙述过去的事情,动词应用过去式bought。故填bought。
28.句意:他们发现金子的地方,比两兄弟停留的地方只深三英尺。根据前文“The engineer told him to continue digging in the same place. Soon, they succeeded.”语境和空后than可知,空处应用deep的比较级deeper,更深。故填deeper。
29.句意:再坚持一下,两兄弟就会很富有。根据前半句“A little more persistence(坚持)”可知,应是两兄弟会很富有,very修饰形容词原级。故填rich。
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