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牛津译林版七年级上册Lesson 1 Nice to meet you !精品导学案及答案
展开Starter L1 Nice to meet you!
语法: Be动词(is, am, are)的用法 一般疑问句+否定句 人称代词主格、宾格 |
【概念】Be动词的一般现在时常用来谈论客观存在的事实或状态
例:I am from China. 我来自中国 是(表状态)
My dad is a doctor. 我的爸爸是医生。
Tom is at home. Tom在家。
These books are on the desk. 书在桌子上。 在(表存在,位置)
The flower is beautiful. 花很漂亮。
【构成】be 动词在一般现在时的句子中有三种形式:am , is , are
第一人称单数:I am
第三人称单数:he /she/ it/.... is
其他人称后用 are
*我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is跟着他/她/它(he/she/it),单数is复数are.
Be动词的否定形式: be+ not 即:am , is ,are + not 缩写 :isn't 、 aren't
练习:用be动词的适当形式填空
(1). — How you? — I fine.
(2). What your father? — He a doctor.
(3). He and I good friends. We in Miss Li’s class.
(4). This book new.
(5). They from England.
(6). My parents teachers.
(7). The policeman young.
(8). These boys tall and strong.
(9). Lucy and Lily twin sisters.
(10). Miss Wang my aunt.
(11). -How Kitty? -She fine.
句型 | 结构 |
肯定句 | 主语+ be动词 + 表语(名词、形容词等) |
否定句 | 主语 + be动词 + not + 表语 |
一般疑问句 | Be 动词 + 主语 + 表语 |
特殊疑问句 | 疑问词 + be动词 + 主语 |
【构成】一般疑问句:将含有be(am/ is/are)的陈述句改为一般疑问句,直接将be提到句首 其他单词保留原句中的位置.
【例】He is a student. → Is he a student?
*但是当主语是第一人称时,要将其变为第二人称: I am Miki. → Are you Miki ?
【回答】 Yes, 主语+be .(不能缩写) / No, 主语 + be + not.(可缩写)
练习:按要求改写句子。
1. This is my new friend. (改为一般疑问句).
2. We are good friends. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
3. I am his new English teacher. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
4. Lily is short and thin. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
【构成】否定句:将含有 be(am/ is/are)的肯定句改为否定句,直接在be后面not, 其他单词 保留原句中的位置。
【例】 He is a student. → He is not a student.
We are classmates. → We are not classmates.
练习:将下面句子改为否定句。
He is a teacher, and he is from America.
These cats are little, but they are very cute. .
Mike and Kate are English. They are clever and kind. .
【总结】 (1)肯定句式:I am… You/We/They are… He/She/It is…
(2)否定句式:I am not… You/We/They are not… He/She/It is not…
(3)一般疑问句式和简略答语:
—Are you…?
—Yes, I am/we are. /
No, I am not/we aren't.
—Is he/she/it…?
—Yes, he/she/it is
No, he/she/it isn't.
—Are they…?
—Yes, they are.
No, they aren't.
*含有this,that, these, those的问句,回答时用it代替this/that, they代替these/those
【例】---Is this a book?
---Yes, it is.
★---Is that your mother?
---No,it isn’t. (不用she)
---Are these your books?
----No, they aren’t.
*主语:可以是人称代词(I/you/he…),又可以是名词,be动词与主语一致。
*主语是人称代词,be动词与前面的主语 在非正式行文中可以缩写。
*肯定句改疑问时,若主语是第一人称(I/we),要将其变为第二人称(you)。
*在非正式行文中,be动词与not可以缩写,但是am与not不能缩写成 amn’t
*在肯定回答中,主语和be动词不能缩写。如:“Yes, he is”不能缩略成“Yes,he’s”。
*some在否定句和疑问句中通常要变any;但在征求对方意见时要用some:Would you like some tea?
练习( )1.—Are you Li Ming? —________.
A.Yes, I'm B.Yes, I'm not
C.Yes, I am D.No, I am
( )2. Eddie has ________ edog. ________ name is Hobo.
A.an; It's B.an; Its
C.a; It's D.a; Its
( )3. —________ your cousin in the school basketball team?
—Yes, he likes basketball very much.
A.Does B.Do
C.Is D.Are
( )4 .—Is Millie in Class One?
—________. She ________ in Class Two.
A.Yes, she is; is B.Yes, she is not; is
C.No, she is; isn't D.No, she isn't; is
人称代词主格、宾格:
人称 | 单数 | 复数 | ||
| 主格 | 宾格 | 主格 | 宾格 |
第一人称 | I | me | we | us |
第二人称 | you | you | you | you |
第三人称 | he | him |
they |
them |
she | her | |||
it | it |
练习: 用正确的人称代词填空:
(1). — Is your mother fine today? — Yes, is.
(2). Andy is Millie’s cousin. is tall and strong.
(3). Lucy’s parents are teachers. are at school.
(4). All of my new classmates are polite. are good friends.
(5). — Who is the boy over there? - is my brother.
(6). Mimi is a cat. is two years old.
(7). — Are from China? — Yes, I am.
*在一个句子中,人称代词做主语,就用主格;作宾语,就用宾格——用于动词或介词后。
【概念】 主语:表示句子中所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。
例:Lucy is an American girl.
She often goes to school by bike.
The cat is black.
Our classroom is big.
【概念】宾语:表示动作、行为的对象。
例:He likes her.
I love China.
She drinks some soup.
Miss Gao teaches us.
练习: 标出下列句子的主语及宾语。
1. I have a cat.
2. I often play with it.
3. It is cute.
4. Let me tell you about my school.
重点句型: |
Hi / Hello / How do you do. (问候用语)
Good morning/ afternoon/evening / night Good bye. / Bye.
This is … 英语中,介绍某人时,常用 This is …或That is …而不直接说 He is… 或 She is…,
*注意: this is 不能缩写成为 this’s)
例如:This is Simon and that is Linda. 这是 Simon, 那是 Linda。
How + be + sb 常用于询问身体情况。
例如:How are you? 你怎么样?; How is he? 他怎么样?
回答】如果表达 “很好,还不错” ,回答常用 Fine/ I’m fine. 如果表达 “不好” ,可以用 Not well.
Nice to meet you. / Nice to see you. 见到你很高兴
【回答】Nice to meet you too. / Nice to see you too. 见到你也很高兴。
Are you …? 你是…吗?
【回答】Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. 是的,我是。/ 不,我不是。
What’s your name? 你叫什么名字?
【回答】 I am…/ My name is …/ +姓名. 我是….
例如:I am Miki. / My name is Miki. / Miki.
Let sb do sth 让某人做某事,用来表示建议或提出要求。(sb 宾格;动词要用原形。)
例如: Let us read. 让我们阅读。 Let him swim. 让他游泳。
8重点单词短语: |
|
have a look 看一看;
have a look at sth 看一看…
【例】have a look at the dog 看一看这只狗
tall and strong 又高又壮
【拓】short and thin 又矮又瘦 clever and kind 聪明又善良;
【例】He is tall and strong. 他又高又瘦。 We are clever and kind.我们聪明又善良。
Mr. 先生(所有男性)
Mrs. 夫人/太太(已婚)
Miss 小姐(未婚)
Ms. 女士(不知道已婚还是未婚)表达方式
*称谓+姓(首字母都要大写): Mr. Wang 王先生;Mrs. Li 李夫人;Aunt Gao 高阿姨;Uncle Chen 陈叔叔
【拓】1. family name 是姓。在英文中置于最后, 例如:Jone Smith,Simith是姓。但在英文中姓不能单独使用, 通常前面要加上Mr./Mrs./Miss/Ms.
2. first name是名字,在英文中,通常放在最前面,例如:Lily White ,Lily就是first name,是她的名字.在英文中,名字是可以单独叫的,比如你可以喊她“Lily”.跟“小丽”一样。
3. last name可以理解为与family name是一样的,是姓,因为放在最后,所以叫last name。
4. middle name 与中文相反,在英文中,自己的名字放在最前面,姓放在最后,他们习惯在中间罗列一些爷爷,或者是太爷爷的名字,来纪念他们。这些放在中间的祖辈的名字就middle name。这个可以有很多.可以不唯一。
【例】比如Jack Martain Green。Jack 是他自己的名字first name,Martain是爷爷的名字middle name,Green 是姓family name 或者last name.
指示代词:this 这个;that 那个;these 这些;those 那些。
I’m = I am 我是;I’m not = I am not 我不是
You’re = You are 你/你们是 ; You’re not = You are not 你/你们不是
He’s = He is 他是 ; He’s not = He isn’t 他不是
She’s = She is 她是 ; She’s not = She isn’t 她不是
We’re = We are 我们是;We’re not =We aren’t 我们不是
They’re = They are 他们是 ; They’re not = They aren’t 他们不是
It’s = It is 它是;It’s not = It isn’t 它不是
in one’s class 在某人班上
【例】Andy is in our class and we’re cousins.
I see. = I know/understand. 我明白/知道了。
All my classmates… 我的同学全都…
All修饰主语,放在主语或行为动词之前,be动词之后;如果主语是代词,只能是代词+all的形式;若be在最后,all要放在be之前,并带强调意味。
【例】 1. All the boys study well. = The boys all study well.
2. They are all boys. = All of them are boys.
3. - Who’s late for class today? - Luke, Mike, Will and Dustin. They all are.
*注意: all 表示三个或三个以上
【拓】both. 两者,两者都
both…and… 不仅...而且...;...和...都...
句子中的位置:
1. 一般在放在be动词(is/am/are),情态动词 (can/would/should) 和 助动词 (do/does/did) 之后,动词之前。
【例】They are both teachers. 他们俩都是老师。
We can both swim. 我们俩都会游泳。
They are both good students. 他们都是好学生。
2. 可直接作形容词修饰名词,如:Both brothers are clever.
*但当名词前有限定词(the/a/an等),只能用both of:Both of the brothers are clever.
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