甘肃省2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份甘肃省2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了 15， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年高一第二学期期末学业质量监测卷
英语
本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
考生注意：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. When does the conversation most probably take place?
A. At 7:15. B. At 7:20. C. At 7:25.
2. How much do the apples cost?
A. $ 1. 00 a pound. B. $ 1. 20 a pound. C. $ 2. 60 a pound.
3. Why did the man buy the book?
A. He needed the information in it.
B. He wanted to write an advertisement.
C. He needed to write a new book.
4. Where are the two speakers?
A. Inside a bookstore. B. Outside an art museum. C. Outside a sports center.
5. What will the woman do first?
A. Pay the entrance fees. B. Have her card stamped. C. Fetch the lecture notes.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对沽或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman want to buy a gift?
A. To celebrate her daughter’s 18th birthday.
B. To make her daughter popular among students.
C. To let her daughter enjoy a valuable life.
7. What is the gift the woman bought for her daughter last year?
A. An iPad. B. An MP4. C. A mobile phone.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does the woman take part in the race?
A. She wants to improve her health.
B. She does exercise every day.
C. She wants to set an example to her son.
9. What does the woman think of the young people nowadays?
A. They don’t get much exercise.
B. They seldom watch games on TV.
C. They love .all kinds of popular sports.
10. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Practise any exercise. B. Do different activities. C. Run slowly every morning.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13小题。
11. What date is it today probably?
A. May 5. B. May 10. C. May 15.
12. What is the third energy source the speakers will probably choose?
A. Solar. B. Nuclear. C. WinD.
13. What information will the speakers remove from the presentations?
A. The diagrams. B. The results. C. The backgrounD.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16小题。
14. Where did the man go?
A. The library. B. The post office. C. The chemistry laB.
15. What’s the money on the desk for?
A. Buying envelopes and stamps. B. Buying notebooks and bottles. C. Buying English books.
16. Why can’t the woman go to the post office herself?
A. It’s very far. B. She is busy. C. She is tireD.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20小题。
17. How often is the quiz show for children on air?
A. Daily. B. Weekly. C. Monthly.
18. What are the questions about?
A. Entertainment. B. Science. C. Sports.
19. What will the winners get next week?
A. A camera. B. A laptop. C. A mobile phone.
20. What should children do to join in the show?
A. Fill in an application form.
B. Send a photo to the TV station.
C. Provide their personal information.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Fantastic Books You Can Read Within a Day
Starting a new book can feel like a bit of a commitment, but it doesn’t have to be! Here are four books you can read in a single day.
The House on Mango Street
Released in 1984 and written by Mexican-American author Sandra Cisneros, The House on Mango Street is only 103 pages long. It deals with complex themes and important subject matters including language, race, and aging. It’s a moving read but one fuelled by hope for a better future.
The Midnight Library
The Midnight Library from the English author Matt Haig was released in 2020. It’s 288 pages. The novel is all about storytelling, with Nora Seed exploring the “what ifs” of her life. The novel asks a massive question: what makes a life worth living?
The Perilous Life of Jade Yeo
Released in 2012 and written by the fantastic Malaysian-English author Zen Cho, the page count is an extremely manageable 76 pages. The novel is set in London in the 1920s and follows the life of another writer, Jade Yeo. What really sings here is the funny, page-turning dialogue, which Cho masters.
Things Fall Apart
Things Fall Apart debuted in 1958 from the Nigerian writer Chinua Achebe. It’s set in the South East of Nigeria in a fictional town and tracks the journey of a local wrestling champion and Igbo man, Okonkwo. At 185 pages, the book is spaced out into three sections, each of which offers a different snapshot of the developing situation.
1. How would you feel if you read The House on Mango Street?
A. Hopeful. B. Tired.
C. Relaxed. D. Confused.
2. What is typical of The Perilous Life of Jade Yeo?
A. It’s about a trip. B. It’s suitable for the elderly.
C. It’s full of dialogues. D. It has a lot of songs.
3. Which book will you read if you want to know about a sports champion?
A. The House on Mango Street B. The Midnight Library
C. The Perilous Life of Jade Yeo D. Things Fall Apart
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章简单介绍了四本比较短小的，可以一天就读完的小说。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据The House on Mango Street的最后一句“It’s a moving read but one fuelled by hope for a better future. (这是一个感人的故事，但却充满了对美好未来的希望。)”可知，读《芒果街上的小屋》会使读者内心充满希望。故选A项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据The Perilous Life of Jade Yeo的最后一句“What really sings here is the funny, page-turning dialogue, which Cho masters. (这里真正引人入胜的是Cho精通的幽默、扣人心弦的对话)”可知，Cho擅长写人物间的对话，《玉瑶的危险生活》典型的特点：有很多对话。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Things Fall Apart的“It’s set in the South East of Nigeria in a fictional town and tracks the journey of a local wrestling champion and Igbo man, Okonkwo. (故事发生在尼日利亚东南部的一个虚构小镇，讲述了当地摔跤冠军、伊博人奥康科沃的旅程。)”可知，想了解一个体育冠军，可以阅读Things Fall Apart。故选D项。
B
Good Deeds Day continues to expand its circles of good and have a great effect on the lives of many communities and individuals around the world. Good Deeds Day is a main event of year-round doing good activities, which was set up by a businesswoman Shari Arison in 2007. On this special day, millions of people across the globe take part in doing good.
On April 16, 2023, thousands of Good Deeds Day projects were held worldwide that involved millions of people from 110 countries.
The development and positive spirit surrounding this international event of doing good increases annually, with millions of people joining in to volunteer and do something positive for others. Good Deeds Day was started 17 years ago in Israel and has grown worldwide, crossing borders and cultures to become an internationally unifying day of good.
Shari Arison explains how she was inspired to bring people together to do good deeds. “18 years ago when I was walking, I thought to myself that if we connect all the good deeds, people will begin to see the goodness in the world. That is how Good Deeds Day began, and this year we will be celebrating 17 years of doing good year-round.”
“Good Deeds Day crossed borders, became international, and has reached by now 110 countries that take part. If we think good, speak good, and do good, our world will look better. It’s in our hands-each and every one of us,” she added.
And she was glad to see people from different countries joining together for the “Good Deeds Day Cleaning Event,” using a trash pickup app. The hundreds of volunteers collected garbage in their cities, beaches, nature fields and immediately shared pictures of their efforts to clean up the garbage on the app to show effect worldwide and inspire each other.
4. What is Good Deeds Day?
A. A circle of people serving their community.
B. A celebrating day in communities globally.
C. A year-round event of doing good activities.
D. A global business involved by all countries.
5. What is Shari Arison’s purpose of starting Good Deeds Day?
A. Announcing the goodness to the world.
B. Bringing people together to contribute to Earth.
C. Celebrating 17 years of doing good year-round.
D. Involving all countries in giving a helping hand.
6 How did the volunteers from different countries inspire each other?
A. By joining people from different countries together.
B. By taking part in Good Deeds Day cleaning event.
C. By volunteering to collect garbage in their cities.
D. By sharing pictures of their clean-up on the app.
7. What does the text want to convey?
A. Great things may be done by mass efforts.
B. Unity may be powerful across the world.
C. Good Deeds Day can make a big difference.
D. Businesswoman Shari Arison is a great figure.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了由商业女性沙里·阿里森于2007年创办的全年做好事活动的“行善日”活动正在继续扩大其善行的范围，并对世界各地的许多社区和个人产生了巨大影响。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Good Deeds Day is a main event of year-round doing good activities, which was set up by a businesswoman Shari Arison in 2007. (行善日是由商业女性沙里·阿里森于2007年创办的全年做好事活动的主要活动。)”可知，行善日是一个全年做好事活动的主要活动，故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Shari Arison explains how she was inspired to bring people together to do good deeds. ‘18 years ago when I was walking, I thought to myself that if we connect all the good deeds, people will begin to see the goodness in the world. '(沙里·阿里森解释了她是如何受到启发，将人们聚集在一起做好事。“18年前，当我在走路时，我想到如果我们把所有的好事连接起来，人们就会开始看到世界上的善良”。)”可知，阿里森设立行善日的目的是在世界各地，各国人们聚集在一起做好事，让世人体会到世界的善良，故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“And she was glad to see people from different countries joining together for the ‘Good Deeds Day Cleaning Event,’ using a trash pickup app. The hundreds of volunteers collected garbage in their cities, beaches, nature fields and immediately shared pictures of their efforts to clean up the garbage on the app to show effect worldwide and inspire each other. (她很高兴看到来自不同国家的人们聚集在一起参加‘行善日清洁活动’，使用一款垃圾清理应用程序。数百名志愿者在他们的城市、海滩和自然领域收集垃圾，并立即在应用程序上分享他们清理垃圾的努力的照片，以展示全球的影响并相互激励。)”可知，来自不同国家的志愿者通过在应用程序上分享自己清理垃圾的照片来相互激励。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段“Good Deeds Day continues to expand its circles of good and have a great effect on the lives of many communities and individuals around the world. (“行善日”活动继续扩大其善行的范围，并对世界各地的许多社区和个人产生了巨大影响。)”可知，文章想要表达：“行善日”活动对世界各地的许多社区和个人产生了巨大影响。故选C项。
C
If you want to achieve more of your goals in life, one of the most important things you can do is to take care of your health. Committing to a healthy and balanced diet can be a gamechanger when it comes to productivity and success.
As a saying goes, “An apple a day keeps a doctor away.” But did you know that an apple a day does not only keep the doctor away but can even possibly improve your productivity? Actually, people who eat more fruits and vegetables can be happier, more creative and, yes, even more productive. Fruits and vegetables seem to help elevate a person’s level of curiosity and general wellbeing. Actually, not only does a healthy diet improve a person’s wellbeing, it also seems to prevent potentially harmful conditions.
To start with, a healthy diet provides your body with the nutrients you need to function properly. The foods you eat are changed into glucose (葡萄糖), which then transforms it into the energy that powers your body and brain. When your body is running low on glucose, you will probably experience some trouble when trying to focus and concentrate.
On top of that, a healthy diet is linked to healthier mental health. When you eat a balanced diet, you are essentially giving your body the fuel it needs to work efficiently and effectively. A healthier version of you, physically and mentally, allows you to focus on your goals and on what you really want to be doing.
All in all, if you want to be more productive and reach your personal goals, work goals and any other dreams you have, please put your health at the top of your priority list. By eating a balanced and healthy diet, you can give your body the nutrients it needs to function at its best.
8. What does Paragraph 1 tell us?
A. Eating right can improve overall wellbeing.
B. Everyone should have their personal goals.
C. Success lies in looking after one’s own health.
D. Productivity and success come from change.
9. What does the underlined word “elevate” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Decline. B. Limit. C. Satisfy. D. Improve.
10. What may cause you to fail to concentrate?
A. Too many nutrients in the diet. B. Any troublesome experiences.
C. Lack of glucose in your body. D. Lack of power in your brain.
11. What is the author’s suggestion?
A. Putting your own health on the list. B. Eating a balanced and healthy diet.
C. Achieving your personal dreams. D. Giving your mind enough nutrients.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了保持健康对于实现人生目标的重要性。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“If you want to achieve more of your goals in life, one of the most important things you can do is to take care of your health. Committing to a healthy and balanced diet can be a gamechanger when it comes to productivity and success. (如果你想实现更多的人生目标，你能做的最重要的事情之一就是照顾好你的健康。当谈到工作效率和成功时，坚持健康均衡的饮食可以改变游戏规则。)”可知，第一段主要介绍了成功在于照顾自己的健康。故选C项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“Fruits and vegetables seem to help elevate a person’s level of curiosity and general wellbeing. Actually, not only does a healthy diet improve a person’s wellbeing, it also seems to prevent potentially harmful conditions. (水果和蔬菜似乎有助于elevate一个人的好奇心和总体幸福感。实际上，健康的饮食不仅能改善一个人的健康，似乎还能预防潜在的有害疾病。)”可知，elevate与下文中的improve意思相近，故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“When your body is running low on glucose, you will probably experience some trouble when trying to focus and concentrate. (当你的身体葡萄糖不足时，你可能会在集中注意力时遇到一些麻烦。)”可知，体内缺乏葡萄糖会导致无法集中注意力。故选C项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“All in all, if you want to be more productive and reach your personal goals, work goals and any other dreams you have, please put your health at the top of your priority list. By eating a balanced and healthy diet, you can give your body the nutrients it needs to function at its best. (总而言之，如果你想提高工作效率，实现你的个人目标、工作目标和任何其他梦想，请把你的健康放在首要位置。通过均衡健康的饮食，你可以给你的身体所需的营养，使其处于最佳状态。)”可知，作者建议吃均衡的健康的饮食。故选B项。
D
There are very few places in the desert where water is plentiful. But now a Jordanian startup has created an incredibly efficient Atmospheric Water Generating Device (AWG) that can generate water in even the driest environments. For a dry and thirsty region, this device can be a gamechanger.
Jordan is one of the most water insecure countries in the world, and with the population growing, the need for water is becoming more critical. In many areas, water is only available for 36 hours a week.
“Our situation—with the lack of natural resources and water—puts us in a position where we have to do something,” Tamer Al-Salah, managing director of BeyondCapital, a venture capital firm based in Jordan, said. “Climate entrepreneurship (创业) is important and it’s growing.”
“That’s where Aquaporo comes in.” CEO Kyle Cordova and engineering director Husam Almassad, “Aquaporo started working in Cordova’s research lab at Jordan’s Royal Scientific Society three years ago to develop an AWG device that could copy nature by pulling water out of the desert air. In fact, the device can pull out more than double the amount of other water harvesting devices in desert areas.”
The device uses special materials that can capture water from the desert air. The water is then purified so that it is fit for human consumption. If that were not enough, the device is also solar powered, so that it can be used anywhere.
It’s reported that the Aquaporo’s machine which is about the size of an air conditioning unit has impressed the Jordanian government so much that they have ordered 1000 units that they hope to hand out for free to families throughout the country in 2024.
In reality, the idea of collecting water from the air is not new. People have been harvesting water drops using both man-made and natural materials for thousands of years. What makes Aquaporo and its researchers so special is their ability to look to the past for solutions and use today’s technology to make those solutions even better.
12. What is the function of AWG?
A. Creating an incredibly efficient device. B. Producing water in dry and thirsty areas.
C. Purifying water in the driest environments. D. Changing living conditions in a dry region.
13. How did researchers in Aquaporo first conduct their research work?
A. By experimenting in the lab. B. By pulling water in the deserts.
C. By developing a suitable device. D. By doubling the amount of water.
14. What do we know about the Aquaporo’s machine from the passage?
A. It’s like an air-conditioner to generate water.
B. It is being produced by the local government.
C. It has been sent to all families free of charge.
D. It hasn’t been given to people across the country.
15. What is probably the best title of this text?
A. A Device Satisfies People’s Usage of Water
B. Water is Available for Everyday Use in Jordan
C. New Startup Creates Water from the Desert Air
D. Today’s Technology Makes Life Even Better
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了约旦的一家初创公司Aquaporo花了三年时间在实验室中研发了一款高效的大气水生成装备，能在干燥的环境中也能产生水，给干旱和缺水地区带来了福音。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But now a Jordanian startup has created an incredibly efficient Atmospheric Water Generating Device (AWG) that can generate water in even the driest environments. For a dry and thirsty region, this device can be a gamechanger. (但现在，一家约旦初创公司发明了一种非常高效的大气水生成装置(AWG)，即使在最干燥的环境中也能产生水。对于干旱和口渴的地区，这个设备可以改变游戏规则。)”可知，AWG是一个非常高效的大气水生成装置，最干燥的环境中也能产生水，给干旱和缺水的地区提供水。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“‘That’s where Aquaporo comes in.’ CEO Kyle Cordova and engineering director Husam Almassad, ‘Aquaporo started working in Cordova’s research lab at Jordan’s Royal Scientific Society three years ago to develop an AWG device that could copy nature by pulling water out of the desert air. (‘这就是Aquaporo的用武之地。’首席执行官Kyle Cordova和工程总监Husam Almassad表示：‘Aquaporo三年前开始在Cordova位于约旦皇家科学学会的研究实验室工作，开发一种AWG设备，可以通过从沙漠空气中提取水分来复制大自然。’)”可知，研究者们在研究实验室花了三年时间，通过实验法，研制了这个AWG设备。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“It’s reported that the Aquaporo’s machine which is about the size of an air conditioning unit has impressed the Jordanian government so much that they have ordered 1000 units that they hope to hand out for free to families throughout the country in 2024. (据报道，Aquaporo的空调大小的机器给约旦政府留下了深刻的印象，他们订购了1000台，希望在2024年免费分发给全国各地的家庭。)”可知，约旦政预定了1000台机器，目前并没有机器分发到各个家庭。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段“There are very few places in the desert where water is plentiful. But now a Jordanian startup has created an incredibly efficient Atmospheric Water Generating Device (AWG) that can generate water in even the driest environments. For a dry and thirsty region, this device can be a gamechanger. (沙漠中很少有水源充足的地方。但现在，一家约旦初创公司发明了一种非常高效的大气水生成装置(AWG)，即使在最干燥的环境中也能产生水。对于干旱和缺水的地区，这个设备可以改变游戏规则。)”可知，本文介绍了约旦的一家初创公司研发了一款高效的大气水生成装备，能在干燥的环境中也能产生水，所以C项“New Startup Creates Water from the Desert Air”适合作本文的标题。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There is something magical about hiking. Whether you’re a seasoned hiker or new to the trails, hiking offers lots of benefits for mind, body and soul. ____16____
Boost physical fitness.____17____ Although other forms of exercise are great for your health, hiking has benefits that can’t be replaced by a bike. Hiking builds muscle strength. So, not only will you enjoy the great outdoors, you will also improve your health.
Improve mental well-being. Hiking has a profound impact on your mental well-being, offering a much needed break from the stresses of daily life.____18____

In addition to the fun and enjoyment you can experience, there are other real benefits you can start to observe.
____19____ Hiking provides a wonderful opportunity for strengthening social connections and training a sense of community. Whether you go on a hike with friends or join a hiking group, the shared experiences can be highly beneficial and can create wonderful shared memories. Hiking is hard, but it maintains your motivation. So grab a friend or join a local hiking group, and experience the joy of connecting with others while exploring nature.
Improve cognitive (认知的) function. An amazing added benefit to hiking is improved cognitive function. Engaging in physical activity while being surrounded by nature stimulates the brain, leading it to improve focus, creativity and problem-solving skills. Spending time in nature can improve cognitive function and attention span.____20____ A drop in spending time in nature and in physical activity can possibly cause a cognitive decline. Who knew that the sensory experiences that you encounter during hiking could help you gain clarity and peace of mind?
A. And the opposite is also true.
B Strengthen social connections.
C. Experience the joy of getting close to nature.
D. Why not make use of the precious time to enjoy yourself?
E. Hiking is an excellent way to improve your overall fitness.
F. Spending time in nature, including hiking, improves mental health.
G. So grab your hiking tools and explore the benefits to make you energized!
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. F 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【16题详解】
根据上文“Whether you’re a seasoned hiker or new to the trails, hiking offers lots of benefits for mind, body and soul. (无论你是经验丰富的徒步旅行者还是新手，徒步旅行对身心都有很多好处。)”，以及下文的每段第一句的小标题可知，徒步有很多好处，G项“So grab your hiking tools and explore the benefits to make you energized! (所以，带上你的徒步工具，探索让你精力充沛的好处吧！)”，G项在此承上启下，与上文为因果关系。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据小标题Boost physical fitness可知，本段讲述徒步促进身体健康。下文“Although other forms of exercise are great for your health, hiking has benefits that can’t be replaced by a bike. Hiking builds muscle strength. So, not only will you enjoy the great outdoors, you will also improve your health. (虽然其他形式的运动对你的健康很有好处，但徒步旅行的好处是自行车无法取代的。徒步旅行可以增强肌肉力量。所以，你不仅会享受户外的美景，还会改善你的健康。)”可知，其它形式的运动方式对健康的影响力不如徒步带来的好处多，E项“Hiking is an excellent way to improve your overall fitness.(徒步旅行是一个很好的方式来提高你的整体健康。)”，fitness为复现词，上下文语意一致，衔接连贯。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据小标题Improve mental well-being可知，本段讲述徒步改善心理健康。上文“Hiking has a profound impact on your mental well-being, offering a much needed break from the stresses of daily life. (徒步对你的心理健康有深远的影响，让你从日常生活的压力中解脱出来。)”可知，徒步有助于释放日常生活中的压力，F项“Spending time in nature, including hiking, improves mental health. (花时间在大自然中，包括徒步旅行，可以改善心理健康。)”，mental health与mental well-being语意一致。故选F项。
【19题详解】
此处考查小标题。根据下文“Hiking provides a wonderful opportunity for strengthening social connections and training a sense of community. (徒步旅行为加强社会联系和培养社区意识提供了绝佳的机会。)”可知，本段讲述徒步有助于加强社会联系，B项“Strengthen social connections. (加强社会联系。)”与本段语意一致，social connections为复现词。故选B项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Spending time in nature can improve cognitive function and attention span. (花时间在大自然中可以改善认知功能和注意力广度。)”可知，徒步能提高认知功能，下文“A drop in spending time in nature and in physical activity can possibly cause a cognitive decline. (在大自然和体育活动中花费的时间减少可能会导致认知能力下降。)”，上文和下文陈述的是两种相反条件下的结果，A项“And the opposite is also true. (反之亦然。)”，A项承上启下，上下文衔接连贯，故选A项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Childhood should be full of friends, play, and happiness. But when children are ____21____ and without their peer group, they may ____22____ a helping hand to get back on track. That’s why schools in India are teaching ____23____.
Actually, it is important to ____24____ kids to be resilient (有弹力的). They needed a(n) ____25____ that could train students to identify emotions and ways to channel them.
The happiness course was ____26____ started by the Indian government in 2018. It ____27____ mental health, well-being. It also encouraged ____28____ peer connections for elementary school children. The course included storytelling and teamwork activities.
“The happiness course is a(n)____29____, and schools should welcome it. The objectives include developing self-awareness, mindfulness, critical thinking, and helping children _____30_____ life skills to deal with stress,” said Shikha Banerjee, the principal of the Seth Anandram Jaipuria School in Kanpur.
“Mindfulness is the cornerstone of the happiness course and its biggest _____31_____ is that every day 1.6 million children in Delhi start their studies in school with mindfulness. It has _____32_____ as a turning point in the lives of students studying in Delhi schools and has relieved (缓解) children from stress and _____33_____ their focus in studies,” deputy chief minister Manish Sisodia said during the Mindful Education Awards 2021 program.
The award is an initiative to _____34_____ the efforts of schools in creating a mentally and physically healthy _____35_____ for the development of children through teaching mindfulness
21. A. sad B. afraid C. lonely D. angry
22. A. need B. offer C. lend D. give
23. A. lessons B. happiness C. standard D. subjects
24. A. allow B. persuade C. train D. direct
25. A. ability B. chance C. guide D. course
26. A. gradually B. originally C. finally D. specially
27. A. focused on B. depended on C. stuck to D. consisted of
28. A. classic B. typical C. various D. positive
29. A. example B. surprise C. success D. conclusion
30. A. apply B. practice C. contain D. adapt
31. A. desire B. image C. concern D. beauty
32. A. hosted B. acted C. come D. put
33. A. limited B. located C. distracted D. increased
34. A. recognize B. measure C. advocate D. confirm
35. A. phenomenon B. environment C. qualification D. relationship
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了印度学校开设幸福课程的原因和效果。
21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，当孩子们感到孤独并且没有同龄人群体时，他们可能需要帮助才能回到正轨。A. sad悲伤的；B. afraid害怕的；C. lonely孤独的；D. angry愤怒的。根据上文“Childhood should be full of friends, play, and happiness. (童年应该充满朋友、玩耍和快乐。)”，以及本句空前的But，可知，此处与上句为转折关系，此处指孩子没有朋友陪伴，故lonely符合语境。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当孩子们感到孤独并且没有同龄人群体时，他们可能需要帮助才能回到正轨。A. need需要；B. offer提供；C. lend借出；D. give给予。根据空前But when children are ____1____ and without their peer group可知，孩子没有伙伴会孤独，所以要回到正轨，变得幸福，需要（need）有人出手帮忙。故填A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么印度的学校教授幸福课程。A. lessons课程；B. happiness幸福；C. standard标准；D. subjects科目。根据上文“Childhood should be full of friends, play, and happiness. But when children are ____1____ and without their peer group, they may ____2____ a helping hand to get back on track. (童年应该充满朋友、玩耍和快乐。但是，当孩子们感到孤独并且没有同龄人群体时，他们可能需要帮助才能回到正轨。)”可知，happiness为复现词，印度学校开始幸福课程，是因为孩子们需要帮助，把他们拉回到正常的轨道，故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：实际上，让孩子有弹性很重要。A. allow允许；B. persuade说服；C. train训练；D. direct管理；监督。根据上文“But when children are ____1____ and without their peer group, they may ____2____ a helping hand to get back on track. (但是，当孩子们感到孤独并且没有同龄人群体时，他们可能需要帮助才能回到正轨。)”，以及下文kids to be resilient可知，对于孤独的没有同龄人陪伴的孩子们，面对困难要有弹性，此处考查动词短语allow sb. to do，allow符合语境。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们需要一个可以训练学生识别情绪和引导情绪的方法的课程。A. ability能力；B. chance机会；C. guide指导；D. course课程。根据下文“The happiness course was ____6____ started by the Indian government in 2018. (幸福课程最初由印度政府于2018年开始。)”可知，course为复现词，故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸福课程最初由印度政府于2018年启动。A. gradually逐渐；B. originally起初；C. finally最后；D. specially特别。根据时间状语in 2018可知，此处介绍幸福课程最初启动的时间点，originally符合语境。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：它关注心理健康和幸福。A. focused on专注于；B. depended on依赖；C. stuck to.坚持；D. consisted of由……组成。根据空后mental health, well-being可知，这门课专注于这两项内容，focused on符合语境。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它还鼓励小学生建立与各种同龄人联系。A. classic经典的；B. typical典型的；C. various各种的；D. positive乐观的，积极的。根据下文“The course included storytelling and teamwork activities. (该课程包括讲故事和团队合作活动)”可知，该课程把孩子们聚集在一起，通过讲故事、团队合作活动，使小学生们有机会接触不同的同龄人，并建立不同的同伴关系。various符合语境。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形名词义辨析。句意：幸福课程是成功的，学校应该欢迎它。A. example示例；B. surprise惊喜；C. success成功；D. conclusion结论。根据后半句and schools should welcome it可知，学校接纳这个课程，是因为该课程是一个成功的课程，a success意为“一个成功的人或事”，故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：（课程）目标包括培养自我意识，正念，批判性思维，并帮助儿童应用生活技能来应对压力。A. apply应用；B. practice实践；C. contain包含；D. adapt适应。根据上文“They needed a(n) ____5____ that could train students to identify emotions and ways to channel them. (他们需要一个可以训练学生识别情绪和引导情绪的方法的课程。)”，以及本句中to deal with stress可知，面对压力，课程指导孩子们运用技能去积极应对，apply符合语境。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正念是幸福课程的基石，其最大的愿望是让德里的160万儿童每天以正念开始他们的学习。A. desire愿望；B. image形象；C. concern关注；D. beauty美。根据后半句“that every day 1.6 million children in Delhi start their studies in school with mindfulness”可知，该课程希望德里的孩子们以正念开始每天的学习，增加幸福感，desire符合语境。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它已成为在德里学校学习的学生生活的转折点，减轻了孩子们的压力，提高了他们在学习上的注意力。A. hosted主办；B. acted表现；C. come来；D. put安置。根据句中a turning point可知，此处考查act as意为“充当，起……作用”。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它已成为在德里学校学习的学生生活的转折点，减轻了孩子们的压力，提高了他们在学习上的注意力。A. limited限制；B. located定位；C. distracted分心；D. increased增加。根据上文“The happiness course is a(n)____9____, and schools should welcome it. (幸福课程是成功的，学校应该欢迎它。)”可知，幸福课程可以给学生带来好处，前半句It has ____12____ as a turning point in the lives of students studying in Delhi schools，以及空后their focus in studies可知，幸福课程中的正念能提高了学生的注意力。increased符合语境，故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该奖项是一项倡议，旨在表彰学校通过教授正念，认可为儿童的发展创造身心健康环境所做的努力。A. recognize承认，认可；B. measure测量；C. advocate提倡；D. confirm确认。根据下文“the efforts of schools in creating a mentally and physically healthy 　　　15　　” 可知，通过颁发奖项表示认可（recognize）学校为儿童的发展创造身心健康环境所做的努力。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该奖项是一项倡议，旨在表彰学校通过教授正念，认可为儿童的发展创造身心健康环境所做的努力。A. phenomenon现象；B. environment环境；C. qualification资格；D. relationship关系。根据空前“creating a mentally and physically healthy　　15　　”可知，此处是指创造身心健康的环境。故选B项
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is emerging as a global leader in aviation (航空) decarbonization (脱碳), according to industry experts. This development is ___36___ result of the scale of the country’s aviation market and ___37___ (it) new technologies and policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions (排放), they said.
“As the world’s second-largest economy, China ___38___ (expect) to be the world’s largest aviation market by 2030. We believe China plays an important part in aviation decarbonization with a deep impact on the decarbonization of aviation ___39___ (global),” said Martin Thomsen, senior vice-president of Air BP, the specialized aviation division of BP, previously ___40___ (know) as British Petroleum, a London-based multinational.
“We believe that this will lead to an expansion of SAF production, ___41___ could supply domestic and global markets ___42___ play a key role in supporting the decarbonization of supply chains,” he said.
Despite current challenges in raw material supplies, technology and policies, China’s SAF industry faces significant opportunities and ___43___ (have) certain advantages, said Luo Zuoxian, head of intelligence and research at the Sinopec Economics and Development Research Institute.
It will make important ___44___ (contribution) in reducing carbon emissions in the aviation industry, helping achieve the carbon neutrality (碳中和) goals and ____45____ (ensure) energy safety in SAF, he said.
【答案】36. a 37. its
38. is expected
39. globally
40. known 41. which
42. and 43. has
44. contributions
45. ensuring
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。由于中国航空市场规模以及其旨在减少碳排放的新技术和政策，中国正在成为全球航空脱碳的领导者。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们说，这一发展是该国航空市场规模以及旨在减少碳排放的新技术和政策的结果。空后名词result为可数名词，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词，result为辅音音素开头，故用a。
【37题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他们说，这一发展是该国航空市场规模以及其旨在减少碳排放的新技术和政策的结果。空后为名词短语new technologies and policies，应用形容词性物主代词its，指代the country，即China的所有格。故填its。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：作为世界第二大经济体，中国预计到2030年将成为世界上最大的航空市场。设空处为谓语动词，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，expect与逻辑主语China为被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为单数，助动词用is。故填is expected。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：“我们相信中国在航空脱碳方面发挥着重要作用，对全球航空脱碳产生了深远影响，”BP的专业航空部门Air BP高级副总裁Martin Thomsen表示，该公司前身为英国石油公司，一家总部位于伦敦的跨国公司。分析句子，此处用范围副词作状语。故填globally。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“我们相信中国在航空脱碳方面发挥着重要作用，对全球航空脱碳产生了深远影响，”BP的专业航空部门Air BP高级副总裁Martin Thomsen表示，该公司前身为英国石油公司，是一家总部位于伦敦的跨国公司。设空处为非谓语动词，know与逻辑主语BP之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填known。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他说：“我们相信，这将导致SAF生产的扩大，这可以供应国内和全球市场，并在支持供应链脱碳方面发挥关键作用。”设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为an expansion of SAF production，为物，为非限制性定语从句的主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：他说：“我们相信，这将导致SAF生产的扩大，这可以供应国内和全球市场，并在支持供应链脱碳方面发挥关键作用。”根据句意，supply domestic and global markets和play a key role in supporting the decarbonization of supply chains为并列关系，应用and表并列。故填and。
【43题详解】
考查时态。句意：中石化经济与发展研究院情报与研究负责人罗作贤表示，尽管目前在原材料供应、技术和政策方面面临挑战，但中国SAF工业面临着重大机遇，并具有一定的优势。设空处前为and，表设空处与动词faces并列作谓语，应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填has。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：他说，这将在减少航空业的碳排放、帮助实现碳中和目标和确保SAF的能源安全方面做出重要贡献。动词make后接名词作宾语，contribution意为“贡献”，为可数名词，空前无不定冠词，应用复数泛指。故填contributions。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他说，这将在减少航空业的碳排放、帮助实现碳中和目标和确保SAF的能源安全方面做出重要贡献。设空处与reducing carbon emissions，helping achieve the carbon neutrality goals并列，作in的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填ensuring。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你们学校下个月举办以“Enjoy My Reading”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你写一封邮件，邀请交换生Jim参加。
内容包括：1.比赛简介；2.参赛要求；3.邀请参加。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I hope you’re doing well! Our school will be organizing an English speech competition next month, whose theme is Enjoy My Reading. I’m writing to personally invite you to participate in this exciting event.
All you need to do is prepare an English speech about your love for reading and how it has influenced you. Your presence as an exchange student will bring a unique perspective to the competition.
We would be thrilled to have you join us! Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封邮件，邀请交换生Jim参加学校下个月的“Enjoy My Reading”为主题的英语演讲比赛，并告知比赛简介和参赛要求。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：participate in → take part in
令人激动的：exciting → thrilling
爱：love → affection
准备：prepare→ get…ready
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Our school will be organizing an English speech competition next month, whose theme is Enjoy My Reading. prepare
拓展句：Next month, our school will be hosting an English speech competition with the theme of Enjoying My Reading.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Our school will be organizing an English speech competition next month, whose theme is Enjoy My Reading.（运用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】All you need to do is prepare an English speech about your love for reading and how it has influenced you.（运用了省略关系代词的限制性定语从句，省略to的动词不定式作表语，动名词作for的宾语，how引导的宾语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The first time you give a speech is truly a special moment, a beginning of something special, and I will surely never forget the first time that I gave a speech.
As a kid, I was extremely shy and seldom said anything. When I was twelve and about to graduate from junior school, I remember that my teacher pulled me aside one day and told me to take part in an online speech. My first thought was that giving a speech didn’t sound like much fun, but finally I agreed.
As the morning neared 9:30 a.m., I sat in front of my laplop screen nervously. I clicked the link to join “Round One”, put my nerves aside, and smiled at the other faces on the screen as my name was called to perform. Slowly, I stood and began speaking. I could only think that the other participants felt as anxious as I did.
The Novice (新手) Speech Tournament is the first Speech and Debate competition of the year specifically for first-time competitors, and this year’s event took place on October 24. Speech Team Co-Captain Anna Sheehan, a seasoned speech leader, reported her Novice experience, “I remember leaving the competition even more excited to do speech because I had seen some great pieces and was eager to improve.” After experiencing Novice myself, I completely agreed!
Two Montrosians—Josie Marcucci and I—competed while Anna Sheehan and Lucy Stefani took part as judges. Although it took place online, the Montrose Speech Team did its best to follow the normal arrangement: At 8 a.m., we met in our virtual (虚拟的) team room for warmups to help cheer ourselves up before the big day. Next, we attended a meeting for some announcements (通告). Then, we were off to compete. In each of the three rounds, competitors had a chance to perform. In between rounds, we met as a team in our “room”. Before I took part, I went to my teacher for some practical help. And my teacher patted me on the back, smiling, “Calm down, and you will make it.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
The restlessness I felt that morning went away when I finished my first performance.
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Following Anna and Lucy’s advice, I felt more confident for the third round.
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【答案】 The restlessness I felt that morning went away when I finished my first performance. In the “room” where we met, Ann said, “You are so brave. It would be better if you could pay more attention to your body language.” The teammates’ encouraging smiles gave me a boost of confidence to begin my second round. Though it was still imperfect, Lucy thumbed up. But, then on the screen came her advice, “We are happy to witness your improvement. What about adding something humorous? You need to interact with your audience.” What she said made sense. It was then that I realized that giving a speech wasn't as daunting as I had initially thought.
Following Anna and Lucy’s advice, I felt more confident for the third round. Obviously, adding a touch of humor to my speech helped me connect with the audience, lightening the mood. I could see smiles and nods of approval from the other participants on the screen, a sense of pride and accomplishment surging through me. The Novice Speech Tournament not only helped me overcome my shyness but also allowed me to discover a newfound passion for public speaking. From that day forward, I knew that giving speeches would always hold a special place in my heart.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者难忘的第一次发表在线演讲的经历：作者在12岁那年，老师叫他参加一个在线演讲比赛，虽然一开始作者觉得演讲听起来不太有趣，但最后还是同意了；在比赛中，经过队友们的鼓励和建议，从一个害羞的孩子逐渐蜕变，增强了自信，有了一些演讲的技能，发现演讲并不像最初想象的那么可怕。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我完成第一次演出时，那天早上我感到的不安消失了。”可知，第一段可描写在交流室里得到评委Ann和Lucy的肯定和指点，作者的第二轮演讲有了小进步，但依旧有不足之处，Lucy继续给出建议。
②由第二段首句内容“听从安娜和露西的建议，我对第三轮比赛更有信心了。”可知，第二段可描写作者按照他们的建议继续演讲，反响很好，作者意识到自己喜欢演讲了。
2.续写线索：交流室里的建议——参加第二轮比赛——再次得到建议——参加第三轮比赛——反响很好——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.说：say/utter
②.给我信心：give me a boost of confidence/boost my confidence
③.意识到：realize/perceive
情绪类
①.高兴的：happy/delighted
②.克服害羞：overcome my shyness/conquer my shyness
【点睛】[高分句型1]It was then that I realized that giving a speech wasn’t as daunting as I had initially thought. （运用了强调句，realized后that引导的宾语从句，动名词作主语，as…as引导的比较状语从句）
[高分句型2] I could see smiles and nods of approval from the other participants on the screen, a sense of pride and accomplishment surging through me.（运用了独立主格结构）
听力答案：1-5CBABB 6-10ACCAC 11-15BCAAA 16-20BBABC