选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land课时作业

Section Ⅲ　Using Language

[基础测评]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

1. We built an 　　　　(extend) to our house.  

2. Tom and Kate are doing a 　　　 (chemistry) experiment.  

3. The 　　　　(nutrition) value of this drink is better than two fresh apples.  

4. He was rich,but is now reduced to　　　　(poor).  

5. What is the 　　　　(deep) of this lake? 

6. His success is 　　　　(entire) due to hard work.  

7. Coal and oil are both 　　　　(mine).  

8. There are many 　　　　(grocery) in this street.  

9. The students clean the classroom every day 　　　　turn.  

10. You can’t depend on her: instance, she arrived late yesterday.

答案:1. extension　2. chemical　3. nutritional

4. poverty　5. depth　6. entirely　7. minerals

8. groceries　9. in　10. for

Ⅱ. 语法填空

Wild rice is not actually a member of the rice family, although it is

a grain-producing grass. Native to North America, this grain can 1.(find) growing wild in the ponds and lakes of Wisconsin, as well as in neighbouring states. Like rice, wild rice grows in water, but it requires much 2. (deep) water than rice does.

Wild rice is very difficult to harvest because its stalks(秆) are so soft 3. many types of equipment cannot be used. It takes patience and hand work 4. (harvest) wild rice. As a result, this grain is expensive and 5. (usual) difficult to get.

Like other 6. (grain), its chaff(谷壳) must be separated from the grain. It is harvested green, and after being separated, it may be set out to dry to prevent it from 7. (go) bad.

Wild rice is quite sensitive to changes in the environment. Many areas where wild rice once 8. (grow) have not been able to keep their former populations of the grain 9. the widespread use of dams(水坝) in the United States. This is 10. pity for people who enjoy the crop. Many native people hold the grain in high respect and they support the production of this special rice.

答案:1. be found　2. deeper　3. that　4. to harvest

5. usually　6. grains　7. going　8. grew

9. with　10. a

[提升测评]

III. 阅读理解

Food blogs, celebrities, and nutritionists all advocate the benefits of eating organic fruit and vegetables. But a new study published in Science Advances paints a more complex picture. While organic produce is likely slightly healthier to eat and, in some ways, more sustainable to grow, there are also downsides.

Organic fruit and vegetables typically cost more than conventional ones. To get a certificate as organic, farmers must meet specific criteria, including growing produce without the use of genetic engineering and chemical inputs. Without these methods, the growing process typically requires more labour, time, and money, a cost that is passed down to consumers.

It’s true that in many ways, organic farming is more sustainable than conventional farming. But when it comes to environmental concerns such as greenhouse gas emission(排放)and water loss, the comparison gets complex. Organic farms produce fewer greenhouse gases. However, because they are banned from using genetic engineering, pesticides, and other methods that increase efficiency, organic farms also produce an estimated 19% to 25% less yield than conventional farms. While there isn’t a whole lot of research on the topic, the few studies that do exist suggest greenhouse gas output and water loss might actually be higher on organic farms, on a per unit basis, says the study author Verena Seufert.

In addition, while organic produce is likely more nutritious than conventional fruit and vegetables, there’s not a lot of evidence to support the claim that these often slight differences influence consumers’ health. The same is true for the pesticide remainder. In developed countries, where pesticide use is tightly controlled, there’s no scientific agreement on how these often slight differences influence humans’ health.

Still, Seufert stresses that if you can afford to eat organic produce, you should do so. Organic farms provide safer working environments for workers, plus they support great biodiversity(生物多样性). The real point from her study is not that organic produce is bad but that the practice needs more studies to increase the yield without lowering sustainability.

But if you can’t afford to buy organic produce, don’t stress too much, particularly from a nutritional point of view.

1. What does the underlined word“downsides” in paragraph 1 most probably mean?

A. Dangers. 　　　　B. Drawbacks.

C. Benefits.    D. Differences.

解析:词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句可知,虽然有机农产品可能稍微健康些,但在某些方面也有其缺点。该句中while表示转折关系,说明有机农作物也有不好的一面,故选B项。

答案:B

2. Which key factor makes it complicated to compare organic farming with conventional farming when it comes to environmental concerns?

A. The yield.    B. The price.

C. The water loss.  D. The labour.

解析:细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句可知,尽管有机农场产生的温室气体更少,但是其产量也较低;再结合第五段最后一句可知,有机农产品需要更多的研究来提高产量。由此可知,产量是使得两者之间的比较变得复杂的重要因素。

答案:A

3. Which of the following will the author most probably agree with?

A. Farmers’ working environment should be improved.

B. Organic produce should be made more efficiently.

C. It isn’t wise for consumers to buy organic products.

D. The pesticide remainder does no harm to people’s health.

解析:推理判断题。根据第三段第四句可知,由于禁止使用基因工程技术和杀虫剂等方法,有机农场的产量估计会比传统农场的产量低19%至25%。由此推断,应当提高有机农业的生产效率,故选B项。

答案:B

4. In the author’s opinion,why should we support organic produce?

A. It’s environmentally-friendly.

B. It’s more nutritious.

C. It helps keep the variety of plants.

D. It’s safer for consumers.

解析:推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“Organic farms provide safer working environments for workers,plus they support great biodiversity.”可知,有机农作物可以保持生物的多样性,这也是我们支持有机植物的原因之一。

答案:C

Ⅳ. 完形填空

I never thought I would be a “runner”. I was the girl who 　1　 slowest in the PE class. A few years ago, I was walking with a group of

　2　 in the Race for the Cure, a five-kilometre race designed to 　3　 money for the fight against breast cancer, when one lady caught my

　4　.  

She was one of the weakest-looking women I’ve ever seen. She must have been close to seventy years old, 　5　 a T-shirt with the word “Survivor”. She was so small that it seemed as if she could even be 　6　 by a strong wind. But, she was running. And she was passing me and my group of friends. She ran slowly, but 　7　—as if each step pushed her cancer further into her past. Right at that moment, I 　8　 that in the next Race for the Cure, I’d be running along with her.  

A week later, I found myself in the 　9　, running on the treadmill(跑步机). Three minutes after I started, my face was bright red. I felt like my lungs were going to burst. I had to slow down to a walk. I thought of the 　10　 at the race. I kept it up. I was able to go a little

　11　 each time. Three and a half minutes. Four minutes. Five ...  

A year later, I was again at the Race for the Cure, but this time, I

　12　 with the runners. When the race started, the other runners passed me by. I ran forward. I 　13　 if I’d be able to do it. But then, I remembered the 　14　 woman. I ran as fast as I could until I finally crossed that finish line. I had just finished my first race!I looked down at my legs, amazed. They had done something I’d never thought 　15　. I have never felt stronger than at that moment. And I knew that I wanted to do it again.  

1. A. talked　　　　　　B. walked

C. ran       D. swam

解析:talk谈论;walk散步,走;run跑;swim游泳。由第一句可知,从来没想过“我”会成为一个跑步者,由此判断,她在体育课上跑得最慢,故选C项。

答案:C

2. A. friends     B. teachers

C. students      D. patients

解析:friend朋友; teacher教师;student学生;patient病人。由第二段第五句中的“my group of friends”可知,几年前我和一群朋友一起参加了“the Race for the Cure”的比赛,故选A项。

答案:A

3. A. save    B. use

C. make    D. raise

解析:save挽救,节省;use使用;make制造;raise募集。比赛的目的是为了抗击乳腺癌筹集资金,故选D项。

答案:D

4. A. breath   B. hand

C. arm     D. eye

解析:breath呼吸;hand手;arm胳膊;eye眼睛。catch one’s eye为固定短语,引起某人的注意,故选D项。句意:几年前,我和一群朋友一起参加了一个5公里的比赛,旨在为抗击乳腺癌筹集资金,这时候一个女士引起了我的注意。

答案:D

5. A. wearing   B. holding

C. pulling    D. waving

解析:wear穿着;hold握住;pull拉;wave挥动。由“T-shirt”可知,应选A项,表示“她穿着一件写着‘Survivor’的T恤衫”。

答案:A

6. A. turned down  B. turned over

C. taken over   D. taken down

解析:turn down调低;turn over翻转;take over接管;take down取下。由“small”可知,她是如此的瘦小,所以感觉好像要被强风吹倒似的,故选B项。

答案:B

7. A. strangely   B. determinedly

C. excitedly   D. anxiously

解析:strangely奇怪地;determinedly坚定地;excitedly感到兴奋地;anxiously焦虑地。由“as if each step pushed her cancer further into her past”判断,她很坚定。

答案:B

8. A. agreed   B. learned

C. decided    D. explained

解析:agree同意;learn学习;decide决定;explain解释。由“I’d be running along with her.”判断,在那一刻作者做出了决定,故选C项。

答案:C

9. A. shop    B. street

C. park     D. gym

解析:shop商店;street街道;park公园;gym体育馆,健身房。由“treadmill”判断应选D项。句意:一周后,我在健身房的跑步机上跑步。

答案:D

10. A. prize   B. survivor

C. Plan     D. woman

解析:prize奖品;survivor幸存者;plan计划;woman女性,妇女。句意:我想起了比赛中的那位女士。

答案:D

11. A. earlier   B. longer

C. harder    D. farther

解析:early早地;long长地;hard努力地;far远地。由下文“Three and a half minutes. Four minutes. Five ...”判断,此处指时间长短,不是距离远近,故选B项。

答案:B

12. A. watched  B. travelled

C. queued    D. waited

解析:watch观看;travel旅行;queue排队,列队;wait等待。由“the other runners passed me by”可知,作者这次参加的是跑步活动,所以和跑步者排在了一起,故选C项。

答案:C

13. A. wandered  B. witnessed

C. wished    D. wondered

解析:wander徘徊,漫游;witness目击;wish希望;wonder想知道。由“if I’d be able to do it”判断,作者想知道自己是否能做到,故选D项。

答案:D

14. A. kind   B. brave

C. generous   D. honest

解析:kind善良的;brave勇敢的;generous慷慨的;honest诚实的。由前文可知,那位女士快70岁了还能参加比赛,在作者的眼里她是勇敢的,故选B项。

答案:B

15. A. good   B. right

C. possible    D. necessary

解析:good好的;right正确的;possible可能的;necessary必需的。作者完成了自己的第一次比赛,所以她做了从来没想过可能的事情,故选C项。

答案:C